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Liu C, Franceschini C, Weber S, Dib T, Liu P, Wu L, Farnesi E, Zhang WS, Sivakov V, Luppa PB, Popp J, Cialla-May D. SERS-based detection of the antibiotic ceftriaxone in spiked fresh plasma and microdialysate matrix by using silver-functionalized silicon nanowire substrates. Talanta 2024; 271:125697. [PMID: 38295449 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is an important tool in precision medicine as it allows estimating pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic effects of drugs in clinical settings. An accurate, fast and real-time determination of the drug concentrations in patients ensures fast decision-making processes at the bedside to optimize the clinical treatment. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), which is based on the application of metallic nanostructured substrates to amplify the inherent weak Raman signal, is a promising technique in medical research due to its molecular specificity and trace sensitivity accompanied with short detection times. Therefore, we developed a SERS-based detection scheme using silicon nanowires decorated with silver nanoparticles, fabricated by means of top-down etching combined with chemical deposition, to detect the antibiotic ceftriaxone (CRO) in spiked fresh plasma and microdialysis samples. We successfully detected CRO in both matrices with an LOD of 94 μM in protein-depleted fresh plasma and 1.4 μM in microdialysate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liu
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of Leibniz Health Technologies, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC) and Abbe Center of Photonics (ACP), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Célia Franceschini
- UR Molecular Systems, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Susanne Weber
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Klinikum Rechts der Isar of the Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Germany
| | - Tony Dib
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of Leibniz Health Technologies, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC) and Abbe Center of Photonics (ACP), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Poting Liu
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of Leibniz Health Technologies, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC) and Abbe Center of Photonics (ACP), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Long Wu
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of Leibniz Health Technologies, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany; School of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Tropical and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Hainan University. Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Bioengineering and Food, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Edoardo Farnesi
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of Leibniz Health Technologies, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC) and Abbe Center of Photonics (ACP), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Wen-Shu Zhang
- China Fire and Rescue Institute, Beijing, 102202, China
| | - Vladimir Sivakov
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of Leibniz Health Technologies, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Peter B Luppa
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Klinikum Rechts der Isar of the Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Germany
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of Leibniz Health Technologies, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC) and Abbe Center of Photonics (ACP), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Dana Cialla-May
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of Leibniz Health Technologies, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC) and Abbe Center of Photonics (ACP), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany.
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Chandra A, Ghosh S, Sarkar R, Sarkar S, Chattopadhyay KK. TiO 2 nanorods decorated Si nanowire hierarchical structures for UV light activated photocatalytic application. Chemosphere 2024; 352:141249. [PMID: 38266878 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Water remediation techniques like photolysis have recently piqued the interest of many researchers due to water contamination resulting from heavy industrialization and urbanization. In the current work, as-synthesized TiO2 nanorod decorated vertically aligned silicon nanowire (SiNW) leads to a hierarchical morphological structure formation. The photocatalytic nature of the fabricated SiNW/TiO2 nanoheterojunction is examined by the dye degradation of textile pollutants like methylene blue (MB), rhodamine B (RhB), and eosin B (EB). The catalytic dye degradation investigations revealed that 4 h hydrothermal synthesis of TiO2 on the surface of SiNW (ST4) exhibited excellent catalytic behaviour. In the presence of H2O2 and UV irradiation, the ST4 nanoheterostructure can degrade 98.89% of the model pollutant methylene blue (MB) in 15 min, demonstrating remarkable photocatalytic performance. The direct Z-scheme heterojunction exhibited by the SiNW/TiO2 structure facilitates a more efficient charge transfer mechanism with higher reducing and oxidizing ability leading to enhanced photocatalytic behaviour. The degradation pathway examined by LC-MS studies demonstrated the complete breakdown of the organic MB dye molecules ultimately mineralizing into CO2, H2O, and other inorganic substances. The photocatalyst ST4 exhibited excellent reusability and stability after multiple cycles of dye degradation enabling its use in practical water purification purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Chandra
- School of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Shrabani Ghosh
- School of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Ratna Sarkar
- Thin film and Nano Science Laboratory, Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Sourav Sarkar
- School of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - K K Chattopadhyay
- School of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India; Thin film and Nano Science Laboratory, Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India.
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Lo Faro MJ, Ielo I, Morganti D, Leonardi AA, Conoci S, Fazio B, De Luca G, Irrera A. Alkoxysilane-Mediated Decoration of Si Nanowires Vertical Arrays with Au Nanoparticles as Improved SERS-Active Platforms. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16685. [PMID: 38069007 PMCID: PMC10706837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The search for improved transducers to fabricate better-performing (bio)sensors is a challenging but rewarding endeavor aiming to better diagnose and treat diseases. In this paper, we report on the decoration of a dense vertical array of ultrathin silicon nanowires (Si NWs), produced by metal-assisted chemical etching, with 20 nm gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) applications. To optimize the production of a uniform 3D SERS active platform, we tested different Si NW surface functionalizations with various alkoxysilanes before Au decoration. Scanning electron microscopy investigations confirm that Au NPs decorate both bare and (3-glycidiloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GPTMS)-modified Si NWs with a high surface coverage uniformity. The SERS response of the decorated NWs was probed using a model dye system (methylene blue; MB) at 633 and 785 nm excitation wavelengths. The GPTMS-modified NWs present the highest enhancements of 2.9 and 2.6 for the 450 cm-1 and 1625 cm-1 peaks under 785 nm excitation and of 10.8 and 5.3 for the 450 cm-1 and 1625 cm-1 peaks under 633 nm excitation. These results demonstrate the perspective role of Si NWs decorated with Au NPs as a low-cost 3D SERS platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Josè Lo Faro
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Ettore Majorana”, Università degli Studi di Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
- Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi, CNR-IMM Catania Università, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Ileana Ielo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche, ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (I.I.); (D.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Dario Morganti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche, ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (I.I.); (D.M.); (S.C.)
| | | | - Sabrina Conoci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche, ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (I.I.); (D.M.); (S.C.)
- URT LAB SENS CNR and Beyond Nano, CNR, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.A.L.); (B.F.)
- Istituto per la Microelettronica e Microsistemi, CNR-IMM Zona Industriale, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Barbara Fazio
- URT LAB SENS CNR and Beyond Nano, CNR, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.A.L.); (B.F.)
| | - Giovanna De Luca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche, ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (I.I.); (D.M.); (S.C.)
- URT LAB SENS CNR and Beyond Nano, CNR, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.A.L.); (B.F.)
| | - Alessia Irrera
- URT LAB SENS CNR and Beyond Nano, CNR, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.A.L.); (B.F.)
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Benserhir Y, Salaün AC, Geneste F, Oliviero N, Pichon L, Jolivet-Gougeon A. Silicon nanowires-based biosensors for the electrical detection of Escherichia coli. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 216:114625. [PMID: 35995028 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
One of the main challenges in terms of public health concerns the prevention of bacterial contamination using rapid, highly sensitive and specific detection techniques. The development of highly sensitive bacterial sensors for Escherichia coli detection based on networks of silicon nanowires has been carried out in this work. The interest of these nano-objects takes advantage in a large contact surface allowing potentially important interactions with bacteria. Their presence induces a change in electrical interaction through the silicon nanowires array and is the basis for the development of silicon nanowires based electrical resistances acting as bacteria sensors. High specificity of these sensors is ensured by chemical functionalization of the nanowires allowing the binding of specific antibodies targeting the lipopolysaccharide (anti-LPS) of E. coli, but not S. aureus. The sensor displays a sensitivity of 83 μA per decade of CFU/mL due to the nanometric dimensions of the nanowires. The electrical measurements ensure the detection of various E. coli concentrations down to 102 CFU/mL. This SiNW biosensor device demonstrated its potential as an alternative tool for real-time bacterial detection as miniaturizable and low-cost integrated electronic sensor compatible with the classical silicon technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousra Benserhir
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IETR [Institut d'Electronique et des Technologies du numéRique] UMR 6164, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Anne-Claire Salaün
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IETR [Institut d'Electronique et des Technologies du numéRique] UMR 6164, F-35000, Rennes, France.
| | - Florence Geneste
- Univ Rennes, ISCR [Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes] - UMR 6226, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Nolwenn Oliviero
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, INRAE, Institut NUMECAN [Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer], F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Laurent Pichon
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IETR [Institut d'Electronique et des Technologies du numéRique] UMR 6164, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Anne Jolivet-Gougeon
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, INRAE, Institut NUMECAN [Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer], F-35000, Rennes, France
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Nguyen-Le TA, Bartsch T, Wodtke R, Brandt F, Arndt C, Feldmann A, Sandoval Bojorquez DI, Roig AP, Ibarlucea B, Lee S, Baek CK, Cuniberti G, Bergmann R, Puentes-Cala E, Soto JA, Kurien BT, Bachmann M, Baraban L. Nanosensors in clinical development of CAR-T cell immunotherapy. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 206:114124. [PMID: 35272215 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy using CAR-T cells is a new technological paradigm for cancer treatment. To avoid severe side effects and tumor escape variants observed for conventional CAR-T cells approach, adaptor CAR technologies are under development, where intermediate target modules redirect immune cells against cancer. In this work, silicon nanowire field-effect transistors are used to develop target modules for an optimized CAR-T cell operation. Focusing on a library of seven variants of E5B9 peptide that is used as CAR targeting epitope, we performed multiplexed binding tests using nanosensor chips. These peptides had been immobilized onto the sensor to compare the transistor signals upon titration with anti-La 5B9 antibodies. The correlation of binding affinities and sensor sensitivities enabled a selection of candidates for the interaction between CAR and target modules. An extremely low detection limit was observed for the sensor, down to femtomolar concentration, outperforming the current assay of the same purpose. Finally, the CAR T-cells redirection capability of selected peptides in target modules was proven successful in an in-vitro cytotoxicity assay. Our results open the perspective for the nanosensors to go beyond the early diagnostics in clinical cancer research towards developing and monitoring immunotherapeutic treatment, where the quantitative analysis with the standard techniques is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang Anh Nguyen-Le
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e. V. (HZDR), 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tabea Bartsch
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e. V. (HZDR), 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Robert Wodtke
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e. V. (HZDR), 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Florian Brandt
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e. V. (HZDR), 01328, Dresden, Germany; Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Arndt
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e. V. (HZDR), 01328, Dresden, Germany; Mildred Scheel Early Career Center, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anja Feldmann
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e. V. (HZDR), 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Diana Isabel Sandoval Bojorquez
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e. V. (HZDR), 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Arnau Perez Roig
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e. V. (HZDR), 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Bergoi Ibarlucea
- Institute for Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center for Biomaterials, Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Seungho Lee
- Department of Convergence IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Ki Baek
- Department of Convergence IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Gianaurelio Cuniberti
- Institute for Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center for Biomaterials, Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ralf Bergmann
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e. V. (HZDR), 01328, Dresden, Germany; Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edinson Puentes-Cala
- Corporación para la Investigación de la Corrosión (CIC), Piedecuesta, 681011, Colombia
| | | | - Biji T Kurien
- The Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation and University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
| | - Michael Bachmann
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e. V. (HZDR), 01328, Dresden, Germany; Tumor Immunology, University Cancer Center (UCC), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany; National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany. Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany.
| | - Larysa Baraban
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e. V. (HZDR), 01328, Dresden, Germany.
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Daoudi K, Ramachandran K, Alawadhi H, Boukherroub R, Dogheche E, Khakani MAE, Gaidi M. Ultra-sensitive and fast optical detection of the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 using AgNPs/SiNWs nanohybrid based sensors. Surf Interfaces 2021; 27:101454. [PMID: 34957346 PMCID: PMC8440322 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfin.2021.101454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS-CoV-2 virus led to notable challenges amongst researchers in view of development of new and fast detecting techniques. In this regard, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technique, providing a fingerprint characteristic for each material, would be an interesting approach. The current study encompasses the fabrication of a SERS sensor to study the SARS-CoV-2 S1 (RBD) spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus family. The SERS sensor consists of a silicon nanowires (SiNWs) substrate decorated with plasmonic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Both SiNWs fabrication and AgNPs decoration were achieved by a relatively simple wet chemical processing method. The study deliberately projects the factors that influence the growth of silicon nanowires, uniform decoration of AgNPs onto the SiNWs matrix along with detection of Rhodamine-6G (R6G) to optimize the best conditions for enhanced sensing of the spike protein. Increasing the time period of etching process resulted in enhanced SiNWs' length from 0.55 to 7.34 µm. Furthermore, the variation of the immersion time in the decoration process of AgNPs onto SiNWs ensued the optimum time period for the enhancement in the sensitivity of detection. Tremendous increase in sensitivity of R6G detection was perceived on SiNWs etched for 2 min (length=0.90 µm), followed by 30s of immersion time for their optimal decoration by AgNPs. These SiNWs/AgNPs SERS-based sensors were able to detect the spike protein at a concentration down to 9.3 × 10-12 M. Strong and dominant peaks at 1280, 1404, 1495, 1541 and 1609 cm-1 were spotted at a fraction of a minute. Moreover, direct, ultra-fast, facile, and affordable optoelectronic SiNWs/AgNPs sensors tuned to function as a biosensor for detecting the spike protein even at a trace level (pico molar concentration). The current findings hold great promise for the utilization of SERS as an innovative approach in the diagnosis domain of infections at very early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kais Daoudi
- Centre for Advanced Materials Research, Research Institute of Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Applied Physics and Astronomy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Nanotechnology and Energy, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis, El Manar, El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Krithikadevi Ramachandran
- Department of Applied Physics and Astronomy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hussain Alawadhi
- Centre for Advanced Materials Research, Research Institute of Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Applied Physics and Astronomy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rabah Boukherroub
- CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, University of Lille, Lille 59000, France
| | - Elhadj Dogheche
- Université Polytechnique Hauts de France, IEMN DOAE CNRS, Campus Le Mont Houy, Valenciennes Cedex 59309, France
| | - My Ali El Khakani
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, INRS-Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, 1650, Blvd. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC J3X-1S2, Canada
| | - Mounir Gaidi
- Centre for Advanced Materials Research, Research Institute of Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Applied Physics and Astronomy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Laboratoire de Photovoltaïque Centre de Recherches et des Technologies de l'Energie, Technopole de Borj-Cédria, BP 95, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
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Sun L, Wang X, Gong F, Yin K, Zhu W, Yang N, Bai S, Liao F, Shao M, Cheng L. Silicon nanowires decorated with platinum nanoparticles were applied for photothermal-enhanced sonodynamic therapy. Theranostics 2021; 11:9234-9242. [PMID: 34646368 PMCID: PMC8490511 DOI: 10.7150/thno.58755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) triggered by ultrasound (US) can overcome pivotal limitations of photo-therapy owing to its high depth-penetration and low phototoxicity. However, there is still a need to develop more efficient sonosensitizes to enhance the therapy efficiency. Methods: In this study, Pt nanoparticles (Pt NPs) are reduced on silicon nanowires (SiNWs) by in situ reduction to prepare Si-Pt nanocomposites (Si-Pt NCs). Results: Si-Pt NCs can produce reactive oxygen radicals (ROS) under ultrasound (US) irradiation, which have sonodynamic therapy (SDT) effect. Meanwhile, Si-Pt NCs can convert excess hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into ROS in the tumor microenvironment, which endow strong chemodynamic therapy (CDT) effect. Taking the advantages of the mesoporous structure of SiNWs, the SDT and CDT effects of Si-Pt NCs are stronger than those of the pure Pt NPs and SiNWs. Besides, the mild photothermal effect of Si-Pt NCs further improves the SDT&CDT activity and realizes the combined cancer therapy. Conclusion: The developed Si-Pt NCs with the ability of photothermal enhanced SDT/CDT combined therapy play a momentous role in the novel cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mingwang Shao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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Fonseca L, Donmez-Noyan I, Dolcet M, Estrada-Wiese D, Santander J, Salleras M, Gadea G, Pacios M, Sojo JM, Morata A, Tarancon A. Transitioning from Si to SiGe Nanowires as Thermoelectric Material in Silicon-Based Microgenerators. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:nano11020517. [PMID: 33670539 PMCID: PMC7922322 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The thermoelectric performance of nanostructured low dimensional silicon and silicon-germanium has been functionally compared device-wise. The arrays of nanowires of both materials, grown by a VLS-CVD (Vapor-Liquid-Solid Chemical Vapor Deposition) method, have been monolithically integrated in a silicon micromachined structure in order to exploit the improved thermoelectric properties of nanostructured silicon-based materials. The device architecture helps to translate a vertically occurring temperature gradient into a lateral temperature difference across the nanowires. Such thermocouple is completed with a thin film metal leg in a unileg configuration. The device is operative on its own and can be largely replicated (and interconnected) using standard IC (Integrated Circuits) and MEMS (Micro-ElectroMechanical Systems) technologies. Despite SiGe nanowires devices show a lower Seebeck coefficient and a higher electrical resistance, they exhibit a much better performance leading to larger open circuit voltages and a larger overall power supply. This is possible due to the lower thermal conductance of the nanostructured SiGe ensemble that enables a much larger internal temperature difference for the same external thermal gradient. Indeed, power densities in the μW/cm2 could be obtained for such devices when resting on hot surfaces in the 50–200 °C range under natural convection even without the presence of a heat exchanger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Fonseca
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), C/Til·lers s/n—Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (I.D.-N.); (M.D.); (D.E.-W.); (J.S.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Inci Donmez-Noyan
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), C/Til·lers s/n—Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (I.D.-N.); (M.D.); (D.E.-W.); (J.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Marc Dolcet
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), C/Til·lers s/n—Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (I.D.-N.); (M.D.); (D.E.-W.); (J.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Denise Estrada-Wiese
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), C/Til·lers s/n—Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (I.D.-N.); (M.D.); (D.E.-W.); (J.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Joaquin Santander
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), C/Til·lers s/n—Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (I.D.-N.); (M.D.); (D.E.-W.); (J.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Marc Salleras
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), C/Til·lers s/n—Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (I.D.-N.); (M.D.); (D.E.-W.); (J.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Gerard Gadea
- Department of Advanced Materials for Energy Applications, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), C/Jardí de les Dones de Negre 1, Planta 2, 08930 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.); (M.P.); (J.-M.S.); (A.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Mercè Pacios
- Department of Advanced Materials for Energy Applications, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), C/Jardí de les Dones de Negre 1, Planta 2, 08930 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.); (M.P.); (J.-M.S.); (A.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Jose-Manuel Sojo
- Department of Advanced Materials for Energy Applications, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), C/Jardí de les Dones de Negre 1, Planta 2, 08930 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.); (M.P.); (J.-M.S.); (A.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Alex Morata
- Department of Advanced Materials for Energy Applications, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), C/Jardí de les Dones de Negre 1, Planta 2, 08930 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.); (M.P.); (J.-M.S.); (A.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Albert Tarancon
- Department of Advanced Materials for Energy Applications, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), C/Jardí de les Dones de Negre 1, Planta 2, 08930 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.); (M.P.); (J.-M.S.); (A.M.); (A.T.)
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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9
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Zverzhinetsky M, Krivitsky V, Patolsky F. Direct whole blood analysis by the antigen-antibody chemically-delayed dissociation from nanosensors arrays. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 170:112658. [PMID: 33035904 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A wide range of fields, starting from basic research in life sciences and up to medical applications, are highly interested in the investigation and detection of biomarkers in all their forms, including proteins. However, direct analytical detection of specific protein biomarkers from a physiological biosample is still extremely challenging due to the abundant variety and amount of its components. In this work, we apply the chemically-controlled antigen-dissociation detection approach on silicon nanowires-based field-effect transistor arrays, by creating a suitable 'chemical environment' which enabled the clear-cut splitting of the dissociation regime window into two sub-regimes, thus allowing the complete washing of the nonspecifically adsorbed salts and biomolecules, while significantly delaying the dissociation of specific surface-bounded antigen-antibody pairs. This was accomplished by the addition of the water-miscible organic reagent ethylene glycol, which radically alters the properties of the aqueous solvent, by means of dramatically reducing its interactions with the particular protein antigen, and thus allowing for the increase in the antigen-antibody interaction strength. This in turn, deeply reduces the solubility of the surface-bound protein molecules and increases their interaction with the specific receptor antibody units, which brings to a substantial delay in the antibody-antigen dissociation behavior. This phenomenon allows the clear-cut splitting of the dissociation regime window and the quantitative and accurate analysis of proteins in physiological samples. We demonstrated the direct and quantitative detection of protein biomarkers, down to concentrations in the fM range, from unprocessed whole blood minuscule samples of only a few microliters. This work is the first demonstration on the chemically-controlled dissociation kinetics of antibody-antigen pairs by the use of water-miscible organic solvent mixtures, and its application in the direct ultrasensitive detection of protein biomarkers from whole blood samples.
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10
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Rani D, Singh Y, Salker M, Vu XT, Ingebrandt S, Pachauri V. Point-of-care-ready nanoscale ISFET arrays for sub-picomolar detection of cytokines in cell cultures. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:6777-6788. [PMID: 32725311 PMCID: PMC7496041 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02820-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Rapid and frequent screening of cytokines as immunomodulation agents is necessary for precise interventions in severe pathophysiological conditions. In addition to high-sensitivity detection of such analytes in complex biological fluids such as blood, saliva, and cell culture medium samples, it is also crucial to work out miniaturized bioanalytical platforms with potential for high-density integration enabling screening of multiple analytes. In this work, we show a compact, point-of-care-ready bioanalytical platform for screening of cytokines such as interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) based on one-dimensional ion-sensitive field-effect transistors arrays (nanoISFETs) of silicon fabricated at wafer-scale via nanoimprint lithography. The nanoISFETs biofunctionalized with receptor proteins alpha IL-4 and alpha IL-2 were deployed for screening cytokine secretion in mouse T helper cell differentiation culture media, respectively. Our nanoISFETs showed robust sensor signals for specific molecular binding and can be readily deployed for real-time screening of cytokines. Quantitative analyses of the nanoISFET-based bioanalytical platform was carried out for IL-4 concentrations ranging from 25 fg/mL (1.92 fM) to 2.5 μg/mL (192 nM), showing a limit of detection down to 3-5 fM, which was found to be in agreement with ELISA results in determining IL-4 concentrations directly in complex cell culture media. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipti Rani
- Department of Computer Sciences and Microsystem Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Amerikastrasse 1, 66482, Zweibruecken, Germany
| | - Yogesh Singh
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, Eberhard-Karls University Tuebingen, Calwerstraße 7, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Madhuri Salker
- Women's Hospital, Eberhard-Karls University Tuebingen, Calwerstraße 7/6, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Xuan Thang Vu
- Department of Computer Sciences and Microsystem Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Amerikastrasse 1, 66482, Zweibruecken, Germany
- Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering 1 (IWE1), RWTH Aachen University, Sommerfeldstrasse 24, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sven Ingebrandt
- Department of Computer Sciences and Microsystem Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Amerikastrasse 1, 66482, Zweibruecken, Germany
- Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering 1 (IWE1), RWTH Aachen University, Sommerfeldstrasse 24, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Vivek Pachauri
- Department of Computer Sciences and Microsystem Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Amerikastrasse 1, 66482, Zweibruecken, Germany.
- Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering 1 (IWE1), RWTH Aachen University, Sommerfeldstrasse 24, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
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11
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Oulad Elhmaidi Z, Abd-Lefdil M, El Khakani MA. Photoconversion Optimization of Pulsed-Laser-Deposited p-CZTS/n-Si-Nanowires Heterojunction-Based Photovoltaic Devices. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:E1393. [PMID: 32709054 DOI: 10.3390/nano10071393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
We report on the achievement of novel photovoltaic devices based on the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) of p-type Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) layers onto n-type silicon nanowires (SiNWs). To optimize the photoconversion efficiency of these p-CZTS/n-SiNWs heterojunction devices, both the thickness of the CZTS films and the length of the SiNWs were independently varied in the (0.3–1.0 µm) and (1–6 µm) ranges, respectively. The kësterite CZTS films were directly deposited onto the SiNWs/Si substrates by means of a one-step PLD approach at a substrate temperature of 300 °C and without resorting to any post-sulfurization process. The systematic assessment of the PV performance of the ITO/p-CZTS/n-SiNWs/Al solar cells, as a function of both SiNWs’ length and CZTS film thickness, has led to the identification of the optimal device characteristics. Indeed, an unprecedented power conversion efficiency (PCE) as high as ~5.5%, a VOC of 400 mV, a JSC of 26.3 mA/cm2 and a FF of 51.8% were delivered by the devices formed by SiNWs having a length of 2.2 µm along with a CZTS film thickness of 540 nm. This PCE value is higher than the current record efficiency (of 5.2%) reported for pulsed-laser-deposited-CZTS (PLD-CZTS)-based solar cells with the classical SLG/Mo/CZTS/CdS/ZnO/ITO/Ag/MgF2 device architecture. The relative ease of depositing high-quality CZTS films by means of PLD (without resorting to any post deposition treatment) along with the gain from an extended CZTS/Si interface offered by the silicon nanowires make the approach developed here very promising for further integration of CZTS with the mature silicon nanostructuring technologies to develop novel optoelectronic devices.
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12
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Ma H, Yuan R, Wang J, Shi Y, Xu J, Chen K, Yu L. Cylindrical Line-Feeding Growth of Free-Standing Silicon Nanohelices as Elastic Springs and Resonators. Nano Lett 2020; 20:5072-5080. [PMID: 32520566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) construction of free-standing silicon (Si) nanohelices has been a formidable challenge for planar lithography and etching technology. We here demonstrate a convenient 3D growth and integration of Si nanohelices (SiNHs) upon bamboolike cylinders with corrugated sidewall grooves, where the indium catalyst droplets grow around the cylinders in a helical fashion, while consuming precoated amorphous Si (a-Si) thin film to produce crystalline Si nanowires on the sidewalls. At the end of each groove cycle, the droplets are enforced to linefeed/switch into the neighbor groove to continue a spiral growth of SiNHs with readily tunable diameter, pitch, aspect-ratio, and chiral/achiral symmetries. In addition, the SiNHs can be reliably released as free-standing units to serve as elastic links, supports and vibrational resonators. These results highlight the unexplored potential of high precision 3D self-assembly growth in constructing a wide range of sophisticated electromechanical, sensor, and optoelectronic functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiguang Ma
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures/School of Electronics Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P.R. China
| | - Rongrong Yuan
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures/School of Electronics Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P.R. China
| | - Junzhuan Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures/School of Electronics Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P.R. China
| | - Yi Shi
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures/School of Electronics Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P.R. China
| | - Jun Xu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures/School of Electronics Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P.R. China
| | - Kunji Chen
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures/School of Electronics Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P.R. China
| | - Linwei Yu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures/School of Electronics Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P.R. China
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13
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Yeor-Davidi E, Zverzhinetsky M, Krivitsky V, Patolsky F. Real-time monitoring of bacterial biofilms metabolic activity by a redox-reactive nanosensors array. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:81. [PMID: 32448291 PMCID: PMC7247256 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00637-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial biofilms are communities of surface-associated microorganisms living in cellular clusters or micro-colonies, encapsulated in a complex matrix composed of an extracellular polymeric substance, separated by open water channels that act as a circulatory system that enable better diffusion of nutrients and easier removal of metabolic waste products. The monitoring of biofilms can provide important information on fundamental biofilm-related processes. That information can shed light on the bacterial processes and enable scientists to find ways of preventing future bacterial infections. Various approaches in use for biofilm analysis are based on microscopic, spectrochemical, electrochemical, and piezoelectrical methods. All these methods provide significant progress in understanding the bio-process related to biofilm formation and eradication, nevertheless, the development of novel approaches for the real-time monitoring of biochemical, in particular metabolic activity, of bacterial species during the formation, life and eradication of biofilms is of great potential importance. RESULTS Here, detection and monitoring of the metabolic activity of bacterial biofilms in high-ionic-strength solutions were enabled as a result of novel surface modification by an active redox system, composed of 9,10-dihydroxyanthracene/9,10-anthraquinone, on the oxide layer of the SiNW, yielding a chemically-gated FET array. With the use of enzymatic reactions of oxidases, metabolites can be converted to H2O2 and monitored by the nanosensors. Here, the successful detection of glucose metabolites in high-ionic-strength solutions, such as bacterial media, without pre-processing of small volume samples under different conditions and treatments, has been demonstrated. The biofilms were treated with antibiotics differing in their mechanisms of action and were compared to untreated biofilms. Further examination of biofilms under antibiotic treatment with SiNW-FET devices could shed light on the bioprocess that occurs within the biofilm. Moreover, finding proper treatment that eliminates the biofilm could be examined by the novel nanosensor as a monitoring tool. CONCLUSIONS To summarize, the combination of redox-reactive SiNW-FET devices with micro-fluidic techniques enables the performance of rapid, automated, and real-time metabolite detection with the use of minimal sample size, noninvasively and label-free. This novel platform can be used as an extremely sensitive tool for detection and establishing medical solutions for bacterial-biofilm eradication and for finding a proper treatment to eliminate biofilm contaminations. Moreover, the sensing system can be used as a research tool for further understanding of the metabolic processes that occur within the bacterial biofilm population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella Yeor-Davidi
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Marina Zverzhinetsky
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Vadim Krivitsky
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Fernando Patolsky
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Iby and Aladar Fleischman, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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14
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Johnson K, Giordano B. Non-target analysis of vapor mixtures using silicon nanowire array sampling and thermal desorption. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1618:460938. [PMID: 32081486 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.460938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This work presents and evaluates an algorithmic approach to deconvolving the elution profiles of chemical components of vapor mixtures that have been sampled and desorbed from a novel preconcentrator based on highly ordered silicon nanowire arrays. The arrays provide a medium for both preconcentration and partial chromatographic resolution, which is then further leveraged with multichannel detection. Here, mixtures of nitro aromatic vapors are sampled and then thermally desorbed from the device, at which point they are detected by a conventional mass selective detector. The overlapping elution profiles observed from the array are sequentially extracted using a chemometric analysis approach based on evolving factor analysis and multivariate curve resolution by alternating least squares, enabling qualitative and quantitative analysis of individual components without target analyte libraries or complete chromatographic separation. This work examines the analytical capabilities conferred to multichannel detection by silicon nanowire array pre-concentration and partial separation and discusses the technique's limitations, illustrated by both experimental and simulated data.
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15
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Rotenberg MY, Elbaz B, Nair V, Schaumann EN, Yamamoto N, Sarma N, Matino L, Santoro F, Tian B. Silicon Nanowires for Intracellular Optical Interrogation with Subcellular Resolution. Nano Lett 2020; 20:1226-1232. [PMID: 31904975 PMCID: PMC7513588 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Current techniques for intracellular electrical interrogation are limited by substrate-bound devices, technically demanding methods, or insufficient spatial resolution. In this work, we use freestanding silicon nanowires to achieve photoelectric stimulation in myofibroblasts with subcellular resolution. We demonstrate that myofibroblasts spontaneously internalize silicon nanowires and subsequently remain viable and capable of mitosis. We then show that stimulation of silicon nanowires at separate intracellular locations results in local calcium fluxes in subcellular regions. Moreover, nanowire-myofibroblast hybrids electrically couple with cardiomyocytes in coculture, and photostimulation of the nanowires increases the spontaneous activation rate in coupled cardiomyocytes. Finally, we demonstrate that this methodology can be extended to the interrogation of signaling in neuron-glia interactions using nanowire-containing oligodendrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Laura Matino
- Tissue Electronics, Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , 80125 Naples , Italy
- Department of Chemical Materials and Industrial Production Engineering , University of Naples Federico II , 80125 Naples , Italy
| | - Francesca Santoro
- Tissue Electronics, Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , 80125 Naples , Italy
- Department of Chemical Materials and Industrial Production Engineering , University of Naples Federico II , 80125 Naples , Italy
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16
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Ouhibi A, Saadaoui M, Lorrain N, Guendouz M, Raouafi N, Moadhen A. Application of Doehlert Matrix for an Optimized Preparation of a Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) Substrate Based on Silicon Nanowires for Ultrasensitive Detection of Rhodamine 6G. Appl Spectrosc 2020; 74:168-177. [PMID: 31617371 DOI: 10.1177/0003702819881222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we combined a hierarchical nano-array effect of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) with a metallic surface of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to design a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) scattering substrate for sensitive detection of Rhodamine 6G (R6G) which is a typical dye for fluorescence probes. The SiNWs were prepared by Metal-Assisted Chemical Etching (MACE) of n-Si (100) wafers. The Doehlert design methodology was used for planning the experiment and analyzing the experimental results. Thanks to this methodology, the R6G SERS response has been optimized by studying the effects of the silver nitrate concentration, silver nitrate and R6G immersion times and their interactions. The immersion time in R6G solution stands out as the most of influential factor on the SERS response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awatef Ouhibi
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Unité des Nanomateriaux et Photonique (13ES31), Tunis El Manar, Tunisie
| | - Maroua Saadaoui
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique et Electrochimie (LR99ES15), Sensors and Biosensors Group, Tunis El Manar, Tunisie
| | | | | | - Noureddine Raouafi
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique et Electrochimie (LR99ES15), Sensors and Biosensors Group, Tunis El Manar, Tunisie
| | - Adel Moadhen
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Unité des Nanomateriaux et Photonique (13ES31), Tunis El Manar, Tunisie
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17
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Condò R, Leo M, Maiolo L, Convertino A, Sinibaldi F, Santucci R, Divizia A, Campanella V, La Rosa G, Colantoni A, Anselmi M, Divizia M. Cytotoxicity and internalization analysis of silicon nanowires in Buffalo Green Monkey cells: a preliminary study to evaluate the possibility of carrying viruses inside the cells. New Microbiol 2020; 43:38-40. [PMID: 32334490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Silicon nanowires (SiNWs) are attractive functional nanomaterials for biomedical applications. The ability to easily tune their size and density, potential biocompatibility, and knowledge of the chemical activation of SiNWs surface make them natural tools to interact with biological materials. We evaluated the possibility of exploiting SiNWs as carriers to introduce organic compounds into cells. The cellular toxicity and the internalization capacity of free-standing and label-free SiNWs were tested on Buffalo Green Monkey cells (BGM). Confocal fluorescent observation of SiNWs conjugated with fluorescein-polyethylene imine (PEI) confirmed the internalization of the NWs into the Buffalo Green Monkey Cells (BGM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Condò
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Italy
| | - Mariantonietta Leo
- PhD in Materials for Health, Environment and Energy Tor Vergata University of Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Maiolo
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems - National Research Council, Unit of Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Convertino
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems - National Research Council, Unit of Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Sinibaldi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Santucci
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Divizia
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Hygiene Chair, Faculty of Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Campanella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina La Rosa
- Department of Environment and Health, High Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Colantoni
- Department of Medical Systems, Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Anselmi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Hygiene Chair, Faculty of Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Divizia
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Hygiene Chair, Faculty of Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Italy
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Salazar F, Trejo-Baños A, Miranda A, Pérez LA, Cruz-Irisson M. Interstitial sodium and lithium doping effects on the electronic and mechanical properties of silicon nanowires: a DFT study. J Mol Model 2019; 25:338. [PMID: 31705205 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-4239-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we present a theoretical study of the electronic band structure and the Young's modulus of hydrogen-passivated silicon nanowires (H-SiNWs), grown along the [110] crystallographic direction, as a function of the concentration of interstitial sodium (Na) and lithium (Li) atoms. The study is performed using the supercell scheme and the density functional theory (DFT), within the local density approximation (LDA). The results show that the presence of Na or Li atoms closes the former semiconducting band gap of the H-SiNWs and shifts the Fermi energy into the conduction band. The transition from semiconductor to metal occurs as soon as a single Na or Li atom is added to the nanowire and the number of occupied states near the Fermi level is larger for the H-SiNWs with Li atoms in comparison with those nanowires with the same concentration of Na atoms. The calculated formation energies reveal that the system becomes less stable when the concentration of Na and Li atoms augments. Moreover, the obtained binding energies indicate that Si-Li and Si-Na bonds are formed. It is worth mentioning that the binding energies of H-SiNWs with interstitial Li atoms are larger than those corresponding to the H-SiNWs with interstitial Na atoms. On the other hand, the Young's moduli of H-SiNWs with Na atoms are lower than those of pure H-SiNWs and their values diminish when the concentration of Na atoms increases. In contrast, Young's moduli of H-SiNWs present a non-monotonic behavior as a function of the concentration of interstitial Li atoms and for the largest studied concentration the nanowire fractures. These results give insight into the changes that electronic and mechanical properties of H-SiNWs suffer during the charge-discharge process, which should be taken into account in the design of electrodes of Na or Li-ion batteries.
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Tang CH, Hsiao PH, Chen CY. Efficient Photocatalysts Made by Uniform Decoration of Cu 2O Nanoparticles on Si Nanowire Arrays with Low Visible Reflectivity. Nanoscale Res Lett 2018; 13:312. [PMID: 30288628 PMCID: PMC6172162 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2735-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Highly uniformed decorations of Cu2O nanoparticles on the sidewalls of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) with high aspect ratio were prepared through a two-step electroless deposition at room temperature. Morphology evolutions and photocatalytic performance of SiNWs decorated with aggregated and dispersed Cu2O nanoparticles were unveiled, and the correlated photodegradation kinetics was identified. In comparison with the conventional direct loadings where the aggregated Cu2O/SiNW structures were created, the uniform incorporation of Cu2O with SiNWs exhibited more than three and nine times of improved photodegradation efficiency than the aggregated-Cu2O/SiNWs and sole SiNWs, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hsin Tang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsuan Hsiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yun Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
- Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
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Banu M, Simion M, Popescu MC, Varasteanu P, Kusko M, Farcasanu IC. Specific detection of stable single nucleobase mismatch using SU-8 coated silicon nanowires platform. Talanta 2018; 185:281-290. [PMID: 29759201 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.03.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Novel microarray platform for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) detection has been developed using silicon nanowires (SiNWs) as support and two different surface modification methods for attaining the necessary functional groups. Accordingly, we compared the detection specificity and stability over time of the probes printed on SiNWs modified with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) and glutaraldehyde (GAD), or coated with a simpler procedure using epoxy-based SU-8 photoresist. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were used for comparative characterization of the unmodified and coated SiNWs. The hybridization efficiency was assessed by comprehensive statistical analysis of the acquired data from confocal fluorescence scanning of the manufactured biochips. The high detection specificity between the hybridized probes containing different mismatch types was demonstrated on SU-8 coating by one way ANOVA test (adjusted p value *** < .0001). The stability over time of the probes tethered on SiNWs coated with SU-8 was evaluated after 1, 4, 8 and 21 days of probe incubation, revealing values for coefficient of variation (CV) between 2.4% and 5.6%. The signal-to-both-standard-deviations ratio measured for SU-8 coated SiNWs platform was similar to the commercial support, while the APTES-GAD coated SiNWs exhibited the highest values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melania Banu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies - IMT Bucharest, 126 A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 077190 Bucharest, Romania; Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei Avenue, 050095, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Monica Simion
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies - IMT Bucharest, 126 A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 077190 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Marian C Popescu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies - IMT Bucharest, 126 A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 077190 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Pericle Varasteanu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies - IMT Bucharest, 126 A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 077190 Bucharest, Romania; Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, 405 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Mihaela Kusko
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies - IMT Bucharest, 126 A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 077190 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ileana C Farcasanu
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei Avenue, 050095, Bucharest, Romania; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 90-92 Panduri Street, 050663, Bucharest, Romania
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Kountouriotis K, Barreda JL, Keiper TD, Zhang M, Xiong P. Electrical Spin Injection and Detection in Silicon Nanowires with Axial Doping Gradient. Nano Lett 2018; 18:4386-4395. [PMID: 29898367 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The interest in spin transport in nanoscopic semiconductor channels is driven by both the inevitable miniaturization of spintronics devices toward nanoscale and the rich spin-dependent physics the quantum confinement engenders. For such studies, the all-important issue of the ferromagnet/semiconductor (FM/SC) interface becomes even more critical at nanoscale. Here we elucidate the effects of the FM/SC interface on electrical spin injection and detection at nanoscale dimensions, utilizing a unique type of Si nanowires (NWs) with an inherent axial doping gradient. Two-terminal and nonlocal four-terminal lateral spin-valve measurements were performed using different combinations from a series of FM contacts positioned along the same NW. The data are analyzed with a general model of spin accumulation in a normal channel under electrical spin injection from a FM, which reveals a distinct correlation of decreasing spin-valve signal with increasing injector junction resistance. The observation is attributed to the diminishing contribution of the d-electrons in the FM to the injected current spin polarization with increasing Schottky barrier width. The results demonstrate that there is a window of interface parameters for optimal spin injection efficiency and current spin polarization, which provides important design guidelines for nanospintronic devices with quasi-one-dimensional semiconductor channels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jorge L Barreda
- Department of Physics , Florida State University , Tallahassee , Florida 32306 , United States
| | - Timothy D Keiper
- Department of Physics , Florida State University , Tallahassee , Florida 32306 , United States
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, College of Engineering , Florida A&M University-Florida State University (FAMU-FSU) , Tallahassee , Florida 32310 , United States
| | - Peng Xiong
- Department of Physics , Florida State University , Tallahassee , Florida 32306 , United States
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Mohaček-Grošev V, Gebavi H, Bonifacio A, Sergo V, Daković M, Bajuk-Bogdanović D. Binding of p-mercaptobenzoic acid and adenine to gold-coated electroless etched silicon nanowires studied by surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 200:102-109. [PMID: 29677496 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Modern diagnostic tools ever aim to reduce the amount of analyte and the time needed for obtaining the result. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy is a method that could satisfy both of these requirements, provided that for each analyte an adequate substrate is found. Here we demonstrate the ability of gold-sputtered silicon nanowires (SiNW) to bind p-mercaptobenzoic acid in 10-3, 10-4 and 10-5M and adenine in 30 and 100μM concentrations. Based on the normal mode analysis, presented here for the first time, the binding of p-mercaptobenzoic acid is deduced. The intensity enhancement of the 1106cm-1 band is explained by involvement of the CS stretching deformation, and the appearance of the broad 300cm-1 band attributed to SAu stretching mode. Adenine SERS spectra demonstrate the existence of the 7H tautomer since the strongest band observed is at 736cm-1. The adenine binding is likely to occur in several ways, because the number of observed bands in the 1200-1600cm-1 interval exceeds the number of observed bands in the normal Raman spectrum of the free molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlasta Mohaček-Grošev
- Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Hrvoje Gebavi
- Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Valter Sergo
- University of Trieste, Via Valerio 6/A, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marko Daković
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 15-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danica Bajuk-Bogdanović
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 15-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Hutagalung SD, Fadhali MM, Areshi RA, Tan FD. Optical and Electrical Characteristics of Silicon Nanowires Prepared by Electroless Etching. Nanoscale Res Lett 2017; 12:425. [PMID: 28651386 PMCID: PMC5483226 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-017-2197-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Silicon nanowires (SiNWs) were fabricated by the electroless etching of an n-type Si (100) wafer in HF/AgNO3. Vertically aligned and high-density SiNWs are formed on the Si substrates. Various shapes of SiNWs are observed, including round, rectangular, and triangular. The recorded maximum reflectance of the SiNWs is approximately 19.2%, which is much lower than that of the Si substrate (65.1%). The minimum reflectance of the SiNWs is approximately 3.5% in the near UV region and 9.8% in the visible to near IR regions. The calculated band gap energy of the SiNWs is found to be slightly higher than that of the Si substrate. The I-V characteristics of a freestanding SiNW show a linear ohmic behavior for a forward bias up to 2.0 V. The average resistivity of a SiNW is approximately 33.94 Ω cm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabar D Hutagalung
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed M Fadhali
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
| | - Raed A Areshi
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fui D Tan
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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24
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de Santiago F, Trejo A, Miranda A, Carvajal E, Pérez LA, Cruz-Irisson M. Band-gap engineering of halogenated silicon nanowires through molecular doping. J Mol Model 2017; 23:314. [PMID: 29035419 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-017-3484-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we address the effects of molecular doping on the electronic properties of fluorinated and chlorinated silicon nanowires (SiNWs), in comparison with those corresponding to hydrogen-passivated SiNWs. Adsorption of n-type dopant molecules on hydrogenated and halogenated SiNWs and their chemisorption energies, formation energies, and electronic band gap are studied by using density functional theory calculations. The results show that there are considerable charge transfers and strong covalent interactions between the dopant molecules and the SiNWs. Moreover, the results show that the energy band gap of SiNWs changes due to chemical surface doping and it can be further tuned by surface passivation. We conclude that a molecular based ex-situ doping, where molecules are adsorbed on the surface of the SiNW, can be an alternative path to conventional doping. Graphical abstract Molecular doping of halogenated silicon nanowires.
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Liu R, Wang J, Sun T, Wang M, Wu C, Zou H, Song T, Zhang X, Lee ST, Wang ZL, Sun B. Silicon Nanowire/Polymer Hybrid Solar Cell-Supercapacitor: A Self-Charging Power Unit with a Total Efficiency of 10.5. Nano Lett 2017; 17:4240-4247. [PMID: 28586231 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b01154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
An integrated self-charging power unit, combining a hybrid silicon nanowire/polymer heterojunction solar cell with a polypyrrole-based supercapacitor, has been demonstrated to simultaneously harvest solar energy and store it. By efficiency enhancement of the hybrid nanowire solar cells and a dual-functional titanium film serving as conjunct electrode of the solar cell and supercapacitor, the integrated system is able to yield a total photoelectric conversion to storage efficiency of 10.5%, which is the record value in all the integrated solar energy conversion and storage system. This system may not only serve as a buffer that diminishes the solar power fluctuations from light intensity, but also pave its way toward cost-effective high efficiency self-charging power unit. Finally, an integrated device based on ultrathin Si substrate is demonstrated to expand its feasibility and potential application in flexible energy conversion and storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyuan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Teng Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Mingjun Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Changsheng Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Haiyang Zou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Tao Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Shuit-Tong Lee
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Baoquan Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
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Yan Q, Fang L, Wei J, Xiao G, Lv M, Ma Q, Liu C, Wang W. Silicon nanowires enhanced proliferation and neuronal differentiation of neural stem cell with vertically surface microenvironment. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 2017; 28:1394-1407. [PMID: 28494208 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2017.1329888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Owing to its biocompatibility, noncytotoxicity, biodegradability and three-dimensional structure, vertically silicon nanowires (SiNWs) arrays are a promising scaffold material for tissue engineering, regenerative medicine and relevant medical applications. Recently, its osteogenic differentiation effects, reorganization of cytoskeleton and regulation of the fate on stem cells have been demonstrated. However, it still remains unknown whether SiNWs arrays could affect the proliferation and neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) or not. In the present study, we have employed vertically aligned SiNWs arrays as culture systems for NSCs and proved that the scaffold material could promote the proliferation and neuronal differentiation of NSCs while maintaining excellent cell viability and stemness. Immunofluorescence imaging analysis, Western blot and RT-PCR results reveal that NSCs proliferation and neuronal differentiation efficiency on SiNWs arrays are significant greater than that on silicon wafers. These results implicate SiNWs arrays could offer a powerful platform for NSCs research and NSCs-based therapy in the field of neural tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuting Yan
- a College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Lipao Fang
- b Institute of Neuroscience , Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Jiyu Wei
- c NGS Laboratory , GENEWIZ, Inc. , Suzhou , China
| | - Guipeng Xiao
- c NGS Laboratory , GENEWIZ, Inc. , Suzhou , China
| | - Meihong Lv
- b Institute of Neuroscience , Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Quanhong Ma
- b Institute of Neuroscience , Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Chunfeng Liu
- b Institute of Neuroscience , Soochow University , Suzhou , China.,d Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Centre of Neurological Disease , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , Suzhou , China
| | - Wang Wang
- b Institute of Neuroscience , Soochow University , Suzhou , China
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27
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Tan Y, Richards D, Coyle RC, Yao J, Xu R, Gou W, Wang H, Menick DR, Tian B, Mei Y. Cell number per spheroid and electrical conductivity of nanowires influence the function of silicon nanowired human cardiac spheroids. Acta Biomater 2017; 51:495-504. [PMID: 28087483 PMCID: PMC5346043 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) provide an unlimited cell source to treat cardiovascular diseases, the leading cause of death worldwide. However, current hiPSC-CMs retain an immature phenotype that leads to difficulties for integration with adult myocardium after transplantation. To address this, we recently utilized electrically conductive silicon nanowires (e-SiNWs) to facilitate self-assembly of hiPSC-CMs to form nanowired hiPSC cardiac spheroids. Our previous results showed addition of e-SiNWs effectively enhanced the functions of the cardiac spheroids and improved the cellular maturation of hiPSC-CMs. Here, we examined two important factors that can affect functions of the nanowired hiPSC cardiac spheroids: (1) cell number per spheroid (i.e., size of the spheroids), and (2) the electrical conductivity of the e-SiNWs. To examine the first factor, we prepared hiPSC cardiac spheroids with four different sizes by varying cell number per spheroid (∼0.5k, ∼1k, ∼3k, ∼7k cells/spheroid). Spheroids with ∼3k cells/spheroid was found to maximize the beneficial effects of the 3D spheroid microenvironment. This result was explained with a semi-quantitative theory that considers two competing factors: 1) the improved 3D cell-cell adhesion, and 2) the reduced oxygen supply to the center of spheroids with the increase of cell number. Also, the critical role of electrical conductivity of silicon nanowires has been confirmed in improving tissue function of hiPSC cardiac spheroids. These results lay down a solid foundation to develop suitable nanowired hiPSC cardiac spheroids as an innovative cell delivery system to treat cardiovascular diseases. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Due to the limited regenerative capacity of adult human hearts, human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) have received significant attention because they provide a patient specific cell source to regenerate damaged hearts. Despite the progress, current human hiPSC-CMs retain an immature phenotype that leads to difficulties for integration with adult myocardium after transplantation. To address this, we recently utilized electrically conductive silicon nanowires (e-SiNWs) to facilitate self-assembly of hiPSC-CMs to form nanowired hiPSC cardiac spheroids. Our previous results showed addition of e-SiNWs effectively enhanced the functions of the cardiac spheroids and improved the cellular maturation of hiPSC-CMs. In this manuscript, we examined the effects of two important factors on the functions of nanowired hiPSC cardiac spheroids: (1) cell number per spheroid (i.e., size of the spheroids), and (2) the electrical conductivity of the e-SiNWs. The results from these studies will allow for the development of suitable nanowired hiPSC cardiac spheroids to effectively deliver hiPSC-CMs for heart repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tan
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Dylan Richards
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Robert C Coyle
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Jenny Yao
- Academic Magnet High School, North Charleston, SC 29405, USA
| | - Ruoyu Xu
- Department of Chemistry, The James Franck Institute and the Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Wenyu Gou
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Donald R Menick
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Bozhi Tian
- Department of Chemistry, The James Franck Institute and the Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ying Mei
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
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Abstract
Background Understanding how cells interact with nanomaterials is important for rational design of nanomaterials for nanomedicine and transforming them for clinical applications. Particularly, the mechanism for one-dimensional (1D) nanomaterials with high aspect ratios still remains unclear. Results In this work, we present amine-functionalized silicon nanowires (SiNW-NH2) entering CHO-β cells via a physical membrane wrapping mechanism. By utilizing optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and confocal fluorescence microscopy, we successfully visualized the key steps of internalization of SiNW-NH2 into cells. Conclusion Our results provide insight into the interaction between 1D nanomaterials and confirm that these materials can be used for understanding membrane mechanics through physical stress exerted on the membrane. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12951-017-0250-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly McNear
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Yimin Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA. .,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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29
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D'Ortenzi L, Monsù R, Cara E, Fretto M, Kara S, Rezvani SJ, Boarino L. Electrical Contacts on Silicon Nanowires Produced by Metal-Assisted Etching: a Comparative Approach. Nanoscale Res Lett 2016; 11:468. [PMID: 27766607 PMCID: PMC5073083 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1689-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Silicon nanowires fabricated by metal-assisted chemical etching can present low porosity and a rough surface depending on the doping level of the original silicon wafer. In this case, wiring of silicon nanowires may represent a challenging task. We investigated two different approaches to realize the electrical contacts in order to enable electrical measurement on a rough silicon nanowire device: we compared FIB-assisted platinum deposition for the fabrication of electrical contact with EBL technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- L D'Ortenzi
- Nanoscience and Materials Division, INRiM (Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica), Strada delle Cacce 91, 10135, Turin, Italy.
| | - R Monsù
- Nanoscience and Materials Division, INRiM (Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica), Strada delle Cacce 91, 10135, Turin, Italy
- Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129, Turin, Italy
| | - E Cara
- Nanoscience and Materials Division, INRiM (Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica), Strada delle Cacce 91, 10135, Turin, Italy
- Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129, Turin, Italy
| | - M Fretto
- Nanoscience and Materials Division, INRiM (Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica), Strada delle Cacce 91, 10135, Turin, Italy
| | - S Kara
- Nanoscience and Materials Division, INRiM (Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica), Strada delle Cacce 91, 10135, Turin, Italy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Blida 1, route de SOUMÂA B.P. 270, 09000, Blida, Algeria
- Centre de Recherche en Technologie des Semi-conducteurs pour l'Energétique (CRTSE), Thin Films, Surface and Interface Division, 02, Bd. Dr. Frantz Fanon, B.P. 140, Alger-7 Merveilles, 16038, Algiers, Algeria
| | - S J Rezvani
- Nanoscience and Materials Division, INRiM (Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica), Strada delle Cacce 91, 10135, Turin, Italy
- Università di Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - L Boarino
- Nanoscience and Materials Division, INRiM (Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica), Strada delle Cacce 91, 10135, Turin, Italy
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30
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Namdari P, Daraee H, Eatemadi A. Recent Advances in Silicon Nanowire Biosensors: Synthesis Methods, Properties, and Applications. Nanoscale Res Lett 2016; 11:406. [PMID: 27639579 PMCID: PMC5026984 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1618-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The application of silicon nanowire (SiNW) biosensor as a subtle, label-free, and electrical tool has been extensively demonstrated by several researchers over the past few decades. Human ability to delicately fabricate and control its chemical configuration, morphology, and arrangement either separately or in combination with other materials as lead to the development of a nanomaterial with specific and efficient electronic and catalytic properties useful in the fields of biological sciences and renewable energy. This review illuminates on the various synthetic methods of SiNW, with its optical and electrical properties that make them one of the most applicable nanomaterials in the field of biomolecule sensing, photoelectrochemical conversion, and diseases diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooria Namdari
- Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadis Daraee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advance Science in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 69971-18544 Iran
| | - Ali Eatemadi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advance Science in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 69971-18544 Iran
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31
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Gonchar KA, Zubairova AA, Schleusener A, Osminkina LA, Sivakov V. Optical Properties of Silicon Nanowires Fabricated by Environment-Friendly Chemistry. Nanoscale Res Lett 2016; 11:357. [PMID: 27506530 PMCID: PMC4978653 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1568-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Silicon nanowires (SiNWs) were fabricated by metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) where hydrofluoric acid (HF), which is typically used in this method, was changed into ammonium fluoride (NH4F). The structure and optical properties of the obtained SiNWs were investigated in details. The length of the SiNW arrays is about 2 μm for 5 min of etching, and the mean diameter of the SiNWs is between 50 and 200 nm. The formed SiNWs demonstrate a strong decrease of the total reflectance near 5-15 % in the spectral region λ < 1 μm in comparison to crystalline silicon (c-Si) substrate. The interband photoluminescence (PL) and Raman scattering intensities increase strongly for SiNWs in comparison with the corresponding values of the c-Si substrate. These effects can be interpreted as an increase of the excitation intensity of SiNWs due to the strong light scattering and the partial light localization in an inhomogeneous optical medium. Along with the interband PL was also detected the PL of SiNWs in the spectral region of 500-1100 nm with a maximum at 750 nm, which can be explained by the radiative recombination of excitons in small Si nanocrystals at nanowire sidewalls in terms of a quantum confinement model. So SiNWs, which are fabricated by environment-friendly chemistry, have a great potential for use in photovoltaic and photonics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill A. Gonchar
- Physics Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Street, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Alsu A. Zubairova
- Physics Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Schleusener
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein Street 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Liubov A. Osminkina
- Physics Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI” (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 31 Kashirskoe sh., 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Sivakov
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein Street 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
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32
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Monastyrskii LS, Boyko YV, Sokolovskii BS, Potashnyk VY. Electronic Structure of Silicon Nanowires Matrix from Ab Initio Calculations. Nanoscale Res Lett 2016; 11:25. [PMID: 26768147 PMCID: PMC4715018 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1238-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
An investigation of the model of porous silicon in the form of periodic set of silicon nanowires has been carried out. The electronic energy structure was studied using a first-principle band method-the method of pseudopotentials (ultrasoft potentials in the basis of plane waves) and linearized mode of the method of combined pseudopotentials. Due to the use of hybrid exchange-correlation potentials (B3LYP), the quantitative agreement of the calculated value of band gap in the bulk material with experimental data is achieved. The obtained results show that passivation of dangling bonds with hydrogen atoms leads to substantial transformation of electronic energy structure. At complete passivation of the dangling silicon bonds by hydrogen atoms, the band gap value takes the magnitude which substantially exceeds that for bulk silicon. The incomplete passivation gives rise to opposite effect when the band gap value decreases down the semimetallic range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liubomyr S Monastyrskii
- Department of Radioelectronic and Computer Systems, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 50 Dragomanov Street, 79005, Lviv, Ukraine.
| | - Yaroslav V Boyko
- Department of Radioelectronic and Computer Systems, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 50 Dragomanov Street, 79005, Lviv, Ukraine.
| | - Bogdan S Sokolovskii
- Department of Radioelectronic and Computer Systems, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 50 Dragomanov Street, 79005, Lviv, Ukraine.
| | - Vasylyna Ya Potashnyk
- Department of Radioelectronic and Computer Systems, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 50 Dragomanov Street, 79005, Lviv, Ukraine.
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33
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Tang J, Maurice JL, Chen W, Misra S, Foldyna M, Johnson EV, Roca i Cabarrocas P. Plasma-Assisted Growth of Silicon Nanowires by Sn Catalyst: Step-by-Step Observation. Nanoscale Res Lett 2016; 11:455. [PMID: 27734420 PMCID: PMC5061684 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1681-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive study of the silicon nanowire growth process has been carried out. Silicon nanowires were grown by plasma-assisted-vapor-solid method using tin as a catalyst. We have focused on the evolution of the silicon nanowire density, morphology, and crystallinity. For the first time, the initial growth stage, which determines the nanowire (NW) density and growth direction, has been observed step by step. We provide direct evidence of the merging of Sn catalyst droplets and the formation of Si nanowires during the first 10 s of growth. We found that the density of Sn droplets decreases from ~9000 Sn droplets/μm2 to 2000 droplets/μm2 after just 10 s of growth. Moreover, the long and straight nanowire density decreases from 170/μm2 after 2 min of growth to less than 10/μm2 after 90 min. This strong reduction in nanowire density is accompanied by an evolution of their morphology from cylindrical to conical, then to bend conical, and finally, to a bend inverted conical shape. Moreover, the changes in the crystalline structure of nanowires are from (i) monocrystalline to (ii) monocrystalline core/defective crystalline shell and then to (iii) monocrystalline core/defective crystalline shell/amorphous shell. The evolutions of NW properties have been explained in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Tang
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Jean-Luc Maurice
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Wanghua Chen
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Soumyadeep Misra
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Martin Foldyna
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Erik V. Johnson
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
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34
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Pan Y, Tao Y, Qin G, Fedoryshyn Y, Raja SN, Hu M, Degen CL, Poulikakos D. Surface Chemical Tuning of Phonon and Electron Transport in Free-Standing Silicon Nanowire Arrays. Nano Lett 2016; 16:6364-6370. [PMID: 27580070 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b02754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report electronic and phononic transport measurements of monocrystalline batch-fabricated silicon nanowire (SiNW) arrays functionalized with different surface chemistries. We find that hydrogen-terminated SiNWs prepared by vapor HF etching of native-oxide-covered devices show increased electrical conductivity but decreased thermal conductivity. We used the kinetic Monte Carlo method to solve the Boltzmann transport equation and also numerically examine the effect of phonon boundary scattering. Surface transfer doping of the SiNWs by cobaltocene or decamethylcobaltocene drastically improves the electrical conductivity by 2 to 4 orders of magnitude without affecting the thermal conductivity. The results showcase surface chemical control of nanomaterials as a potent pathway that can complement device miniaturization efforts in the quest for more efficient thermoelectric materials and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Pan
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich , Sonneggstrasse 3, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ye Tao
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics, Department of Physics, ETH Zürich , Otto-Stern-Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Guangzhao Qin
- Institute of Mineral Engineering, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, RWTH Aachen University , Mauerstrasse 5, 52064 Aachen, Germany
| | - Yuriy Fedoryshyn
- Institute of Electromagnetic Fields, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zürich , Gloriastrasse 35, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Shyamprasad N Raja
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich , Sonneggstrasse 3, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ming Hu
- Institute of Mineral Engineering, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, RWTH Aachen University , Mauerstrasse 5, 52064 Aachen, Germany
- Aachen Institute for Advanced Study in Computational Engineering Science (AICES), RWTH Aachen University , Mauerstrasse 5, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian L Degen
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics, Department of Physics, ETH Zürich , Otto-Stern-Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Dimos Poulikakos
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich , Sonneggstrasse 3, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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35
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Abstract
Recent experimental investigations have confirmed the possibility to synthesize and exploit polytypism in group IV nanowires. Driven by this promising evidence, we use first-principles methods based on density functional theory and many-body perturbation theory to investigate the electronic and optical properties of hexagonal-diamond and cubic-diamond Si NWs as well as their homojunctions. We show that hexagonal-diamond NWs are characterized by a more pronounced quantum confinement effect than cubic-diamond NWs. Furthermore, they absorb more light in the visible region with respect to cubic-diamond ones and, for most of the studied diameters, they are direct band gap materials. The study of the homojunctions reveals that the diameter has a crucial effect on the band alignment at the interface. In particular, at small diameters the band-offset is type-I whereas at experimentally relevant sizes the offset turns up to be of type-II. These findings highlight intriguing possibilities to modulate electron and hole separations as well as electronic and optical properties by simply modifying the crystal phase and the size of the junction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maurizia Palummo
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma Tor Vergata , Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via E. Fermi 40, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - Riccardo Rurali
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de Bellaterra , 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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Celano TA, Hill DJ, Zhang X, Pinion CW, Christesen JD, Flynn CJ, McBride JR, Cahoon JF. Capillarity-Driven Welding of Semiconductor Nanowires for Crystalline and Electrically Ohmic Junctions. Nano Lett 2016; 16:5241-5246. [PMID: 27459319 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b02361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor nanowires (NWs) have been demonstrated as a potential platform for a wide-range of technologies, yet a method to interconnect functionally encoded NWs has remained a challenge. Here, we report a simple capillarity-driven and self-limited welding process that forms mechanically robust and Ohmic inter-NW connections. The process occurs at the point-of-contact between two NWs at temperatures 400-600 °C below the bulk melting point of the semiconductor. It can be explained by capillarity-driven surface diffusion, inducing a localized geometrical rearrangement that reduces spatial curvature. The resulting weld comprises two fused NWs separated by a single, Ohmic grain boundary. We expect the welding mechanism to be generic for all types of NWs and to enable the development of complex interconnected networks for neuromorphic computation, battery and solar cell electrodes, and bioelectronic scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Celano
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - David J Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Christopher W Pinion
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Joseph D Christesen
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Cory J Flynn
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - James R McBride
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - James F Cahoon
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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37
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Richards DJ, Tan Y, Coyle R, Li Y, Xu R, Yeung N, Parker A, Menick DR, Tian B, Mei Y. Nanowires and Electrical Stimulation Synergistically Improve Functions of hiPSC Cardiac Spheroids. Nano Lett 2016; 16:4670-8. [PMID: 27328393 PMCID: PMC4994528 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b02093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The advancement of human induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived cardiomyocyte (hiPSC-CM) technology has shown promising potential to provide a patient-specific, regenerative cell therapy strategy to treat cardiovascular disease. Despite the progress, the unspecific, underdeveloped phenotype of hiPSC-CMs has shown arrhythmogenic risk and limited functional improvements after transplantation. To address this, tissue engineering strategies have utilized both exogenous and endogenous stimuli to accelerate the development of hiPSC-CMs. Exogenous electrical stimulation provides a biomimetic pacemaker-like stimuli that has been shown to advance the electrical properties of tissue engineered cardiac constructs. Recently, we demonstrated that the incorporation of electrically conductive silicon nanowires to hiPSC cardiac spheroids led to advanced structural and functional development of hiPSC-CMs by improving the endogenous electrical microenvironment. Here, we reasoned that the enhanced endogenous electrical microenvironment of nanowired hiPSC cardiac spheroids would synergize with exogenous electrical stimulation to further advance the functional development of nanowired hiPSC cardiac spheroids. For the first time, we report that the combination of nanowires and electrical stimulation enhanced cell-cell junction formation, improved development of contractile machinery, and led to a significant decrease in the spontaneous beat rate of hiPSC cardiac spheroids. The advancements made here address critical challenges for the use of hiPSC-CMs in cardiac developmental and translational research and provide an advanced cell delivery vehicle for the next generation of cardiac repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan J. Richards
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Yu Tan
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Robert Coyle
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Yang Li
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Ruoyu Xu
- Department of Chemistry, the James Franck Institute and the Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Nelson Yeung
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Arran Parker
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Donald R. Menick
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston SC 29425, USA
| | - Bozhi Tian
- Department of Chemistry, the James Franck Institute and the Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ying Mei
- Bioengineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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38
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Abstract
Large-scale, deterministic assembly of nanowires and nanotubes with rationally controlled geometries could expand the potential applications of one-dimensional nanomaterials in bottom-up integrated nanodevice arrays and circuits. Control of the positions of straight nanowires and nanotubes has been achieved using several assembly methods, although simultaneous control of position and geometry has not been realized. Here, we demonstrate a new concept combining simultaneous assembly and guided shaping to achieve large-scale, high-precision shape controlled deterministic assembly of nanowires. We lithographically pattern U-shaped trenches and then shear transfer nanowires to the patterned substrate wafers, where the trenches serve to define the positions and shapes of transferred nanowires. Studies using semicircular trenches defined by electron-beam lithography yielded U-shaped nanowires with radii of curvature defined by inner surface of the trenches. Wafer-scale deterministic assembly produced U-shaped nanowires for >430,000 sites with a yield of ∼90%. In addition, mechanistic studies and simulations demonstrate that shaping results in primarily elastic deformation of the nanowires and show clearly the diameter-dependent limits achievable for accessible forces. Last, this approach was used to assemble U-shaped three-dimensional nanowire field-effect transistor bioprobe arrays containing 200 individually addressable nanodevices. By combining the strengths of wafer-scale top-down fabrication with diverse and tunable properties of one-dimensional building blocks in novel structural configurations, shape-controlled deterministic nanowire assembly is expected to enable new applications in many areas including nanobioelectronics and nanophotonics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology , Wuhan 430070, China
| | | | - Yinbo Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Hengan Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Liqiang Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology , Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qingjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology , Wuhan 430070, China
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39
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Fellahi O, Barras A, Pan GH, Coffinier Y, Hadjersi T, Maamache M, Szunerits S, Boukherroub R. Reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) using silicon nanowire arrays under visible light irradiation. J Hazard Mater 2016; 304:441-447. [PMID: 26610097 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report an efficient visible light-induced reduction of hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) to trivalent Cr(III) by direct illumination of an aqueous solution of potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) in the presence of hydrogenated silicon nanowires (H-SiNWs) or silicon nanowires decorated with copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs-SiNWs) as photocatalyst. The SiNW arrays investigated in this study were prepared by chemical etching of crystalline silicon in HF/AgNO3 aqueous solution. The Cu NPs were deposited on SiNW arrays via electroless deposition technique. Visible light irradiation of an aqueous solution of K2Cr2O7 (10(-4)M) in presence of H-SiNWs showed that these substrates were not efficient for Cr(VI) reduction. The reduction efficiency achieved was less than 10% after 120 min irradiation at λ>420 nm. Addition of organic acids such as citric or adipic acid in the solution accelerated Cr(VI) reduction in a concentration-dependent manner. Interestingly, Cu NPs-SiNWs was found to be a very efficient interface for the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) in absence of organic acids. Almost a full reduction of Cr(VI) was achieved by direct visible light irradiation for 140 min using this photocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouarda Fellahi
- Institut d'Electronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie (IEMN), UMR CNRS 8520, Avenue Poincaré-BP 70478, 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France; Centre de Recherche en Technologie des Semi-conducteurs pour l'Energétique-CRTSE 02, Bd Frantz Fanon, BP. 140, Alger 7 Merveilles, Algeria
| | - Alexandre Barras
- Institut d'Electronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie (IEMN), UMR CNRS 8520, Avenue Poincaré-BP 70478, 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
| | - Guo-Hui Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3888 Dong Nanhu Road, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Yannick Coffinier
- Institut d'Electronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie (IEMN), UMR CNRS 8520, Avenue Poincaré-BP 70478, 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
| | - Toufik Hadjersi
- Centre de Recherche en Technologie des Semi-conducteurs pour l'Energétique-CRTSE 02, Bd Frantz Fanon, BP. 140, Alger 7 Merveilles, Algeria
| | - Mustapha Maamache
- Laboratoire de Physique Quantique et Systèmes Dynamiques, Département de Physique, Université de Sétif, Sétif 19000, Algeria
| | - Sabine Szunerits
- Institut d'Electronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie (IEMN), UMR CNRS 8520, Avenue Poincaré-BP 70478, 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
| | - Rabah Boukherroub
- Institut d'Electronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie (IEMN), UMR CNRS 8520, Avenue Poincaré-BP 70478, 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France.
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40
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Abstract
Semiconductor nanowire (NW) devices that can address intracellular electrophysiological events with high sensitivity and spatial resolution are emerging as key tools in nanobioelectronics. Intracellular delivery of NWs without compromising cellular integrity and metabolic activity has, however, proven difficult without external mechanical forces or electrical pulses. Here, we introduce a biomimetic approach in which a cell penetrating peptide, the trans-activating transcriptional activator (TAT) from human immunodeficiency virus 1, is linked to the surface of Si NWs to facilitate spontaneous internalization of NWs into primary neuronal cells. Confocal microscopy imaging studies at fixed time points demonstrate that TAT-conjugated NWs (TAT-NWs) are fully internalized into mouse hippocampal neurons, and quantitative image analyses reveal an ca. 15% internalization efficiency. In addition, live cell dynamic imaging of NW internalization shows that NW penetration begins within 10-20 min after binding to the membrane and that NWs become fully internalized within 30-40 min. The generality of cell penetrating peptide modification method is further demonstrated by internalization of TAT-NWs into primary dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyun Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and ‡John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Science, Harvard University , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Anqi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and ‡John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Science, Harvard University , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Siheng Sean You
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and ‡John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Science, Harvard University , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Charles M Lieber
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and ‡John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Science, Harvard University , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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41
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Kang K, Park YS, Park M, Jang MJ, Kim SM, Lee J, Choi JY, Jung DH, Chang YT, Yoon MH, Lee JS, Nam Y, Choi IS. Axon-First Neuritogenesis on Vertical Nanowires. Nano Lett 2016; 16:675-80. [PMID: 26645112 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b04458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report that high-density, vertically grown silicon nanowires (vg-SiNWs) direct a new in vitro developmental pathway of primary hippocampal neurons. Neurons on vg-SiNWs formed a single, extremely elongated major neurite earlier than minor neurites, which led to accelerated polarization. Additionally, the development of lamellipodia, which generally occurs on 2D culture coverslips, was absent on vg-SiNWs. The results indicate that surface topography is an important factor that influences neuronal development and also provide implications for the role of topography in neuronal development in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungtae Kang
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research and Molecular-Level Interface Research Center, Department of Chemistry, KAIST , Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST , Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Yi-Seul Park
- Department of Chemistry, Sookmyung Women's University , Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Matthew Park
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research and Molecular-Level Interface Research Center, Department of Chemistry, KAIST , Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Min Jee Jang
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST , Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Seong-Min Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Juno Lee
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research and Molecular-Level Interface Research Center, Department of Chemistry, KAIST , Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Ji Yu Choi
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research and Molecular-Level Interface Research Center, Department of Chemistry, KAIST , Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Da Hee Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Sookmyung Women's University , Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Young-Tae Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore , Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Myung-Han Yoon
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology , Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Jin Seok Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sookmyung Women's University , Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Yoonkey Nam
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST , Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Insung S Choi
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research and Molecular-Level Interface Research Center, Department of Chemistry, KAIST , Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST , Daejeon 34141, Korea
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Wielgoszewski G, Pałetko P, Tomaszewski D, Zaborowski M, Jóźwiak G, Kopiec D, Gotszalk T, Grabiec P. Carrier density distribution in silicon nanowires investigated by scanning thermal microscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy. Micron 2015; 79:93-100. [PMID: 26381074 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Revised: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The use of scanning thermal microscopy (SThM) and Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) to investigate silicon nanowires (SiNWs) is presented. SThM allows imaging of temperature distribution at the nanoscale, while KPFM images the potential distribution with AFM-related ultra-high spatial resolution. Both techniques are therefore suitable for imaging the resistance distribution. We show results of experimental examination of dual channel n-type SiNWs with channel width of 100 nm, while the channel was open and current was flowing through the SiNW. To investigate the carrier distribution in the SiNWs we performed SThM and KPFM scans. The SThM results showed non-symmetrical temperature distribution along the SiNWs with temperature maximum shifted towards the contact of higher potential. These results corresponded to those expressed by the distribution of potential gradient along the SiNWs, obtained using the KPFM method. Consequently, non-uniform distribution of resistance was shown, being a result of non-uniform carrier density distribution in the structure and showing the pinch-off effect. Last but not least, the results were also compared with results of finite-element method modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Wielgoszewski
- Wrocław University of Technology, Faculty of Microsystem Electronics and Photonics, ul. Z. Janiszewskiego 11/17, PL-50372 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Piotr Pałetko
- Wrocław University of Technology, Faculty of Microsystem Electronics and Photonics, ul. Z. Janiszewskiego 11/17, PL-50372 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Daniel Tomaszewski
- Instytut Technologii Elektronowej - ITE Warsaw, Division of Silicon Microsystem and Nanostructure Technology, al. Lotników 32/46, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Zaborowski
- Instytut Technologii Elektronowej - ITE Warsaw, Division of Silicon Microsystem and Nanostructure Technology, al. Lotników 32/46, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Jóźwiak
- Wrocław University of Technology, Faculty of Microsystem Electronics and Photonics, ul. Z. Janiszewskiego 11/17, PL-50372 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Daniel Kopiec
- Wrocław University of Technology, Faculty of Microsystem Electronics and Photonics, ul. Z. Janiszewskiego 11/17, PL-50372 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Teodor Gotszalk
- Wrocław University of Technology, Faculty of Microsystem Electronics and Photonics, ul. Z. Janiszewskiego 11/17, PL-50372 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr Grabiec
- Instytut Technologii Elektronowej - ITE Warsaw, Division of Silicon Microsystem and Nanostructure Technology, al. Lotników 32/46, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland
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Osminkina LA, Sivakov VA, Mysov GA, Georgobiani VA, Natashina UА, Talkenberg F, Solovyev VV, Kudryavtsev AA, Timoshenko VY. Nanoparticles prepared from porous silicon nanowires for bio-imaging and sonodynamic therapy. Nanoscale Res Lett 2014; 9:463. [PMID: 25288909 PMCID: PMC4185383 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-9-463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Evaluation of cytotoxicity, photoluminescence, bio-imaging, and sonosensitizing properties of silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) prepared by ultrasound grinding of porous silicon nanowires (SiNWs) have been investigated. SiNWs were formed by metal (silver)-assisted wet chemical etching of heavily boron-doped (100)-oriented single crystalline silicon wafers. The prepared SiNWs and aqueous suspensions of SiNPs exhibit efficient room temperature photoluminescence (PL) in the spectral region of 600 to 1,000 nm that is explained by the radiative recombination of excitons confined in small silicon nanocrystals, from which SiNWs and SiNPs consist of. On the one hand, in vitro studies have demonstrated low cytotoxicity of SiNPs and possibilities of their bio-imaging applications. On the other hand, it has been found that SiNPs can act as efficient sensitizers of ultrasound-induced suppression of the viability of Hep-2 cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liubov A Osminkina
- Department of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Grigory A Mysov
- Department of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Ulyana А Natashina
- Department of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Valery V Solovyev
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, RAS, Pushino 142290, Russia
| | - Andrew A Kudryavtsev
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, RAS, Pushino 142290, Russia
| | - Victor Yu Timoshenko
- Department of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
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Peng F, Su Y, Ji X, Zhong Y, Wei X, He Y. Doxorubicin-loaded silicon nanowires for the treatment of drug-resistant cancer cells. Biomaterials 2014; 35:5188-95. [PMID: 24702959 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) remains a major challenge for cancer treatment thus far. Free doxorubicin (DOX, one of the most widely used chemotherapy agents for cancer treatment) generally features a large value of resistant factor (RF), which is regarded as a significant parameter to assess therapeutic efficiency of cross-resistance. To address this issue, we herein present a kind of silicon nanowires (SiNWs)-based drug nanocarriers (SiNW-DOX), which is high-efficacy for treatment of drug-resistant cancer cells. Typically, drug-resistance cancer cells (e.g., MCF-7/ADR cells) can be significantly inhibited by the SiNWs-based nanocarriers, exhibiting ∼10% cell viability during 72-h incubation with the SiNWs-DOX (80 μg mL(-1) DOX), which is in sharp contrast to free DOX-treated cells preserving ∼40% cell viability. Remarkably, the RF value of SiNW-DOX is as low as ∼2.0, which is much better than that (∼300) of free DOX under the same experiment conditions. To the best of our knowledge, it is the lowest RF value ever reported by nanomaterials-based drug carriers (3.3-24.7).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Peng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yuanyuan Su
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Xiaoyuan Ji
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yiling Zhong
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xinpan Wei
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yao He
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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45
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Lee SK, Kim DJ, Lee G, Kim GS, Kwak M, Fan R. Specific rare cell capture using micro-patterned silicon nanowire platform. Biosens Bioelectron 2013; 54:181-8. [PMID: 24274988 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We report on the rapid and direct quantification of specific cell captures using a micro-patterned streptavidin (STR)-functionalized silicon nanowire (SiNW) platform, which was prepared by Ag-assisted wet chemical etching and a photo-lithography process. This platform operates by high-affinity cell capture rendered by the combination of antibody-epithelial cell surface-binding, biotin-streptavidin binding, and the topologically enhanced cell-substrate interaction on a 3-dimensional SiNWs array. In this work, we developed a micro-patterned nanowire platform, with which we were able to directly evaluate the performance enhancement due to nanotopography. An excellent capture efficiency of ~96.6±6.7%, which is the highest value achieved thus far for the targeting specific A549 cells on a selective area of patterned SiNWs, is demonstrated. Direct comparison between the nanowire region and the planar region on the same substrate indicates dramatically elevated cell-capture efficiency on nanotopological surface identical surface chemistry (<2% cell-capture efficiency). An excellent linear response was seen for quantifying captured A549 cells with respect to loaded cells. This study suggests that the micro-patterned STR-functionalized SiNWs platform provides additional advantage for detecting rare cells populations in a more quantitative and specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Kwon Lee
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong-Joo Kim
- Basic Research Laboratory (BRL), Department of Semiconductor Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - GeeHee Lee
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Gil-Sung Kim
- Basic Research Laboratory (BRL), Department of Semiconductor Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsuk Kwak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Rong Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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Stanojević Z, Sverdlov V, Baumgartner O, Kosina H. Subband engineering in n-type silicon nanowires using strain and confinement. Solid State Electron 2012; 70:73-80. [PMID: 23564977 PMCID: PMC3608036 DOI: 10.1016/j.sse.2011.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We present a model based on k · p theory which is able to capture the subband structure effects present in ultra-thin strained silicon nanowires. For electrons, the effective mass and valley minima are calculated for different crystal orientations, thicknesses, and strains. The actual enhancement of the transport properties depends highly on the crystal orientation of the nanowire axis; for certain orientations strain and confinement can play together to give a significant increase of the electron mobility. We also show that the effects of both strain and confinement on mobility are generally more pronounced in nanowires than in thin films. We show that optimal transport properties can be expected to be achieved through a mix of confinement and strain. Our results are in good agreement with recent experimental findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zlatan Stanojević
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +43 1 58801 36016; fax: +43 1 58801 36099.
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