1
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Gharbi R, Omanovic S, Hrapovic S, Nwanebu E, Tartakovsky B. The Effect of Bismuth and Tin on Methane and Acetate Production in a Microbial Electrosynthesis Cell Fed with Carbon Dioxide. Molecules 2024; 29:462. [PMID: 38257375 PMCID: PMC10821527 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the impacts of bismuth and tin on the production of CH4 and volatile fatty acids in a microbial electrosynthesis cell with a continuous CO2 supply. First, the impact of several transition metal ions (Ni2+, Fe2+, Cu2+, Sn2+, Mn2+, MoO42-, and Bi3+) on hydrogenotrophic and acetoclastic methanogenic microbial activity was evaluated in a series of batch bottle tests incubated with anaerobic sludge and a pre-defined concentration of dissolved transition metals. While Cu is considered a promising catalyst for the electrocatalytic conversion of CO2 to short chain fatty acids such as acetate, its presence as a Cu2+ ion was demonstrated to significantly inhibit the microbial production of CH4 and acetate. At the same time, CH4 production increased in the presence of Bi3+ (0.1 g L-1) and remained unchanged at the same concentration of Sn2+. Since Sn is of interest due to its catalytic properties in the electrochemical CO2 conversion, Bi and Sn were added to the cathode compartment of a laboratory-scale microbial electrosynthesis cell (MESC) to achieve an initial concentration of 0.1 g L-1. While an initial increase in CH4 (and acetate for Sn2+) production was observed after the first injection of the metal ions, after the second injection, CH4 production declined. Acetate accumulation was indicative of the reduced activity of acetoclastic methanogens, likely due to the high partial pressure of H2. The modification of a carbon-felt electrode by the electrodeposition of Sn metal on its surface prior to cathode inoculation with anaerobic sludge showed a doubling of CH4 production in the MESC and a lower concentration of acetate, while the electrodeposition of Bi resulted in a decreased CH4 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rihab Gharbi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University St., Montreal, QC H3A 0C5, Canada
- National Research Council of Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Sasha Omanovic
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University St., Montreal, QC H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Sabahudin Hrapovic
- National Research Council of Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Emmanuel Nwanebu
- National Research Council of Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Boris Tartakovsky
- National Research Council of Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada
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2
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Dai X, Du ZY, Sun Y, Chen P, Duan X, Zhang J, Li H, Fu Y, Jia B, Zhang L, Fang W, Qiu J, Ma T. Enhancing Green Ammonia Electrosynthesis Through Tuning Sn Vacancies in Sn-Based MXene/MAX Hybrids. Nanomicro Lett 2024; 16:89. [PMID: 38227269 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01303-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Renewable energy driven N2 electroreduction with air as nitrogen source holds great promise for realizing scalable green ammonia production. However, relevant out-lab research is still in its infancy. Herein, a novel Sn-based MXene/MAX hybrid with abundant Sn vacancies, Sn@Ti2CTX/Ti2SnC-V, was synthesized by controlled etching Sn@Ti2SnC MAX phase and demonstrated as an efficient electrocatalyst for electrocatalytic N2 reduction. Due to the synergistic effect of MXene/MAX heterostructure, the existence of Sn vacancies and the highly dispersed Sn active sites, the obtained Sn@Ti2CTX/Ti2SnC-V exhibits an optimal NH3 yield of 28.4 µg h-1 mgcat-1 with an excellent FE of 15.57% at - 0.4 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode in 0.1 M Na2SO4, as well as an ultra-long durability. Noticeably, this catalyst represents a satisfactory NH3 yield rate of 10.53 µg h-1 mg-1 in the home-made simulation device, where commercial electrochemical photovoltaic cell was employed as power source, air and ultrapure water as feed stock. The as-proposed strategy represents great potential toward ammonia production in terms of financial cost according to the systematic technical economic analysis. This work is of significance for large-scale green ammonia production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Dai
- Key Laboratory for Green Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry of Advanced Materials of Liaoning Province, College of Chemistry, Institute of Clean Energy Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Yi Du
- State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Sun
- Key Laboratory for Green Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry of Advanced Materials of Liaoning Province, College of Chemistry, Institute of Clean Energy Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ping Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoguang Duan
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Junjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, Ningxia, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Yang Fu
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Baohua Jia
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Lei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Fang
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieshan Qiu
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tianyi Ma
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
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3
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Chen AH, Dempsey C, Pendharkar M, Sharma A, Zhang B, Tan S, Bellon L, Frolov SM, Palmstrøm CJ, Bellet-Amalric E, Hocevar M. Role of a capping layer on the crystalline structure of Sn thin films grown at cryogenic temperatures on InSb substrates. Nanotechnology 2023; 35:075702. [PMID: 37890472 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad079e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Metal deposition with cryogenic cooling is a common technique in the condensed matter community for producing ultra-thin epitaxial superconducting layers on semiconductors. However, a significant challenge arises when these films return to room temperature, as they tend to undergo dewetting. This issue can be mitigated by capping the films with an amorphous layer. In this study, we investigate the influence of differentin situfabricated caps on the structural characteristics of Sn thin films deposited at 80 K on InSb substrates. Regardless of the type of capping, we consistently observe that the films remain smooth upon returning to room temperature and exhibit epitaxy on InSb in the cubic Sn (α-Sn) phase. Notably, we identify a correlation between alumina capping using an electron beam evaporator and an increased presence of tetragonal Sn (β-Sn) grains. This suggests that heating from the alumina source may induce a partial phase transition in the Sn layer. The existence of theβ-Sn phase induces superconducting behavior of the films by percolation effect. This study highlights the potential for tailoring the structural properties of cryogenic Sn thin films throughin situcapping. This development opens avenues for precise control in the production of superconducting Sn films, facilitating their integration into quantum computing platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Hsi Chen
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Connor Dempsey
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, United States of America
| | - Mihir Pendharkar
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, United States of America
| | - Amritesh Sharma
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States of America
| | - Bomin Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States of America
| | - Susheng Tan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and Petersen Institute of NanoScience and Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States of America
| | - Ludovic Bellon
- Univ Lyon, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique, F-69342 Lyon, France
| | - Sergey M Frolov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States of America
| | - Christopher J Palmstrøm
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, United States of America
| | - Edith Bellet-Amalric
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Grenoble INP, IRIG, PHELIQS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Moïra Hocevar
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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4
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Cetin M, Cebi Kilicoglu M, Kocan N. Usability of biomonitors in monitoring the change of tin concentration in the air. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:112357-112367. [PMID: 37831266 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30277-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution, a pressing global issue, encompasses various harmful elements, with heavy metals being particularly significant pollutants affecting all forms of life. Effective monitoring and regulation of heavy metal concentrations, especially in the atmosphere, is pivotal. Employing trees as biomonitors emerges as a potent tool, particularly in retrospectively assessing long-term heavy metal contamination trends. This study aims to furnish insights into both tin (Sn) pollutants and the most suitable species for monitoring and mitigating such pollution. Within this study's ambit, samples were collected from Pinus pinaster, Cupressus arizonica, Picea orientalis, Cedrus atlantica, and Pseudotsuga menziesii species in Duzce Province. This area, ranked as the fourth-most air-polluted in Europe according to the World Air Pollution Report, was examined to discern changes in Sn concentration across species, organs, orientations, and age groups over the last four decades. The findings revealed varying potentials for Sn accumulation among the species. Specifically, Pinus pinaster and Picea orientalis were identified as suitable species for monitoring Sn pollution, while Cupressus arizonica, Cedrus atlantica, and Pseudotsuga menziesii exhibited potential for reducing Sn pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Cetin
- Faculty of Architecture, Department of City and Regional Planning, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | | | - Nurhan Kocan
- Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Design, Department of Landscape Architecture, Bartın University, Bartin, Turkey.
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5
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Xiao Y, Wang J, Deng Q, Feng L, Peng D, Feng H, Li K, Du Y. The Fatal Defects in Cast Al-Si Alloys Due to Sn Addition. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:6020. [PMID: 37687712 PMCID: PMC10488968 DOI: 10.3390/ma16176020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Cast defects are common in cast alloys and they are difficult to eliminate without deformation. They strongly degrade the mechanical properties of cast alloys. The addition of some elements can affect the number of cast defects. In this work, the deleterious effect of Sn addition on the mechanical properties of Al-Si alloys has been investigated via 3D-computed tomography, SEM and TEM. Amorphous Sn oxides were found near the alumina film or formed enclosures with alumina film. The melt containing high Sn content was trapped by enclosures, causing more shrinkage pores during solidification. Cracks likely initiated and expanded along these pores and brittle amorphous Sn oxides, deteriorating the mechanical properties. This work suggests not adding Sn to various Al alloys when used in a cast state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (Y.X.); (Y.D.)
| | - Jicheng Wang
- Runxingtai Electric Appliance Co., Ltd., Zhuhai 519000, China; (J.W.); (Q.D.); (L.F.); (D.P.)
| | - Qianyu Deng
- Runxingtai Electric Appliance Co., Ltd., Zhuhai 519000, China; (J.W.); (Q.D.); (L.F.); (D.P.)
| | - Li Feng
- Runxingtai Electric Appliance Co., Ltd., Zhuhai 519000, China; (J.W.); (Q.D.); (L.F.); (D.P.)
| | - Dianming Peng
- Runxingtai Electric Appliance Co., Ltd., Zhuhai 519000, China; (J.W.); (Q.D.); (L.F.); (D.P.)
| | - Hui Feng
- Research Institute for Aerospace Manufacturing Technology, Nanjing Chenguang Group Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210006, China;
| | - Kai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (Y.X.); (Y.D.)
- Hunan Center for Electron Microscopy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yong Du
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (Y.X.); (Y.D.)
- Hunan Center for Electron Microscopy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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6
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Kryshtal A, Bogatyrenko S, Khshanovska O. Direct Imaging of Surface Melting on a Single Sn Nanoparticle. Nano Lett 2023. [PMID: 37418684 PMCID: PMC10375590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Despite previous studies, understanding the fundamental mechanism of melting metal nanoparticles remains one of the major scientific challenges of nanoscience. Herein, the kinetics of melting of a single Sn nanoparticle was investigated using in situ transmission electron microscopy heating techniques with a temperature step of up to 0.5 °C. We revealed the surface premelting effect and assessed the density of the surface overlayer on a tin particle of 47 nm size using a synergetic combination of high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy imaging and low electron energy loss spectral imaging. Few-monolayer-thick disordered phase nucleated at the surface of the Sn particle at a temperature ∼25 °C below the melting point and grew (up to a thickness of ∼4.5 nm) into the solid core with increasing temperature until the whole particle became liquid. We revealed that the disordered overlayer was not liquid but quasi-liquid with a density intermediate between that of solid and liquid Sn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr Kryshtal
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. A. Mickiewicza 30, Kraków PL-30 059, Poland
| | - Sergiy Bogatyrenko
- V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 4 Svobody Square, Kharkiv 61022, Ukraine
| | - Olha Khshanovska
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. A. Mickiewicza 30, Kraków PL-30 059, Poland
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7
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Khan SA, Martí-Sánchez S, Olsteins D, Lampadaris C, Carrad DJ, Liu Y, Quiñones J, Chiara Spadaro M, Sand Jespersen T, Krogstrup P, Arbiol J. Epitaxially Driven Phase Selectivity of Sn in Hybrid Quantum Nanowires. ACS Nano 2023. [PMID: 37317984 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid semiconductor-superconductor nanowires constitute a pervasive platform for studying gate-tunable superconductivity and the emergence of topological behavior. Their low dimensionality and crystal structure flexibility facilitate unique heterostructure growth and efficient material optimization, crucial prerequisites for accurately constructing complex multicomponent quantum materials. Here, we present an extensive study of Sn growth on InSb, InAsSb, and InAs nanowires and demonstrate how the crystal structure of the nanowires drives the formation of either semimetallic α-Sn or superconducting β-Sn. For InAs nanowires, we observe phase-pure superconducting β-Sn shells. However, for InSb and InAsSb nanowires, an initial epitaxial α-Sn phase evolves into a polycrystalline shell of coexisting α and β phases, where the β/α volume ratio increases with Sn shell thickness. Whether these nanowires exhibit superconductivity or not critically relies on the β-Sn content. Therefore, this work provides key insights into Sn phases on a variety of semiconductors with consequences for the yield of superconducting hybrids suitable for generating topological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabbir A Khan
- Center for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Danish Fundamental Metrology, Kogle Alle 5, 2970 Ho̷rsholm, Denmark
| | - Sara Martí-Sánchez
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Dags Olsteins
- Center for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charalampos Lampadaris
- Center for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Damon James Carrad
- Center for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej, Building, Lyngby, 310, 2800 Denmark
| | - Yu Liu
- Center for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Judith Quiñones
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Maria Chiara Spadaro
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Thomas Sand Jespersen
- Center for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej, Building, Lyngby, 310, 2800 Denmark
| | - Peter Krogstrup
- NNF Quantum Computing Programme, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jordi Arbiol
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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8
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Jardine MA, Dardzinski D, Yu M, Purkayastha A, Chen AH, Chang YH, Engel A, Strocov VN, Hocevar M, Palmstro̷m C, Frolov SM, Marom N. First-Principles Assessment of CdTe as a Tunnel Barrier at the α- Sn/InSb Interface. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:16288-16298. [PMID: 36940162 PMCID: PMC10064317 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Majorana zero modes, with prospective applications in topological quantum computing, are expected to arise in superconductor/semiconductor interfaces, such as β-Sn and InSb. However, proximity to the superconductor may also adversely affect the semiconductor's local properties. A tunnel barrier inserted at the interface could resolve this issue. We assess the wide band gap semiconductor, CdTe, as a candidate material to mediate the coupling at the lattice-matched interface between α-Sn and InSb. To this end, we use density functional theory (DFT) with Hubbard U corrections, whose values are machine-learned via Bayesian optimization (BO) [ npj Computational Materials 2020, 6, 180]. The results of DFT+U(BO) are validated against angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) experiments for α-Sn and CdTe. For CdTe, the z-unfolding method [ Advanced Quantum Technologies 2022, 5, 2100033] is used to resolve the contributions of different kz values to the ARPES. We then study the band offsets and the penetration depth of metal-induced gap states (MIGS) in bilayer interfaces of InSb/α-Sn, InSb/CdTe, and CdTe/α-Sn, as well as in trilayer interfaces of InSb/CdTe/α-Sn with increasing thickness of CdTe. We find that 16 atomic layers (3.5 nm) of CdTe can serve as a tunnel barrier, effectively shielding the InSb from MIGS from the α-Sn. This may guide the choice of dimensions of the CdTe barrier to mediate the coupling in semiconductor-superconductor devices in future Majorana zero modes experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malcolm
J. A. Jardine
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Derek Dardzinski
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie
Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Maituo Yu
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie
Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Amrita Purkayastha
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - An-Hsi Chen
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Yu-Hao Chang
- Université
Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Aaron Engel
- Université
Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Vladimir N. Strocov
- Materials
Department, University of California-Santa
Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Moïra Hocevar
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Chris Palmstro̷m
- Université
Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, Grenoble 38000, France
- Paul Scherrer
Institut, Swiss Light Source, Villigen PSI CH-5232, Switzerland
| | - Sergey M. Frolov
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Noa Marom
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie
Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California-Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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9
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Zheng C, Ji D, Yao Q, Bai Z, Zhu Y, Nie C, Liu D, Wang N, Yang J, Dou S. Electrostatic Shielding Boosts Electrochemical Performance of Alloy-Type Anode Materials of Sodium-Ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214258. [PMID: 36451256 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The applications of alloy-type anode materials for Na-ion batteries are always obstructed by enormous volume variation upon cycles. Here, K+ ions are introduced as an electrolyte additive to improve the electrochemical performance via electrostatic shielding, using Sn microparticles (μ-Sn) as a model. Theoretical calculations and experimental results indicate that K+ ions are not incorporated in the electrode, but accumulate on some sites. This accumulation slows down the local sodiation at the "hot spots", promotes the uniform sodiation and enhances the electrode stability. Therefore, the electrode maintains a high specific capacity of 565 mAh g-1 after 3000 cycles at 2 A g-1 , much better than the case without K+ . The electrode also remains an areal capacity of ≈3.5 mAh cm-2 after 100 cycles. This method does not involve time-consuming preparation, sophisticated instruments and expensive reagents, exhibiting the promising potential for other anode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Deluo Ji
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Qian Yao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Zhongchao Bai
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, P. R. China.,Institute of Energy Materials Science (IEMS), University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, P. R. China
| | - Yansong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Chuanhao Nie
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Duo Liu
- Institute of Novel Semiconductors, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Nana Wang
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Jian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Shixue Dou
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.,Institute of Energy Materials Science (IEMS), University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, P. R. China
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10
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Khdary NH, El Enany G, Almalki AS, Alhassan AM, Altamimi A, Alshihri S. Preparation of Cu/ Sn-Organic Nano-Composite Catalysts for Potential Use in Hydrogen Evolution Reaction and Electrochemical Characterization. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:911. [PMID: 36903789 PMCID: PMC10005550 DOI: 10.3390/nano13050911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the solvothermal solidification method has been used to be prepared as a homogenous CuSn-organic nano-composite (CuSn-OC) to use as a catalyst for alkaline water electrolysis for cost-effective H2 generation. FT-IR, XRD, and SEM techniques were used to characterize the CuSn-OC which confirmed the formation of CuSn-OC with a terephthalic acid linker as well as Cu-OC and Sn-OC. The electrochemical investigation of CuSn-OC onto a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was evaluated using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) method in 0.1 M KOH at room temperature. The thermal stability was examined using TGA methods, and the Cu-OC recorded a 91.4% weight loss after 800 °C whereas the Sn-OC and CuSn-OC recorded 16.5 and 62.4%, respectively. The results of the electroactive surface area (ECSA) were 0.5, 0.42, and 0.33 m2 g-1 for the CuSn-OC, Cu-OC, and Sn-OC, respectively, and the onset potentials for HER were -420, -900, and -430 mV vs. the RHE for the Cu-OC, Sn-OC, and CuSn-OC, respectively. LSV was used to evaluate the electrode kinetics, and the Tafel slope for the bimetallic catalyst CuSn-OC was 190 mV dec-1, which was less than for both the monometallic catalysts, Cu-OC and Sn-OC, while the overpotential was -0.7 vs. the RHE at a current density of -10 mA cm-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nezar H. Khdary
- Institute of Materials Science, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaber El Enany
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Arts in Uglat Asugour, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani S. Almalki
- Institute of Materials Science, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M. Alhassan
- Institute of Materials Science, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Altamimi
- Institute of Materials Science, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Alshihri
- Institute of Materials Science, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Tóth LZ, Daróczi L, Elrasasi TY, Beke DL. Clustering Characterization of Acoustic Emission Signals Belonging to Twinning and Dislocation Slip during Plastic Deformation of Polycrystalline Sn. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:6696. [PMID: 36234037 PMCID: PMC9572014 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Results of acoustic emission (AE) measurements, carried out during plastic deformation of polycrystalline Sn samples, are analyzed by the adaptive sequential k-means method. The acoustic avalanches, originating from different sources, are separated on the basis of their spectral properties, that is, sorted into clusters, presented both on the so-called feature space (energy-median frequency plot) and on the power spectral density (PSD) curves. We found that one cluster in every measurement belongs to background vibrations, while the remaining ones are clearly attributed to twinning as well as dislocation slips at −30 °C and 25 °C, respectively. Interestingly, fingerprints of the well-known “ringing” of AE signals are present in different weights on the PSD curves. The energy and size distributions of the avalanches, corresponding to twinning and dislocation slips, show a bit different power-law exponents from those obtained earlier by fitting all AE signals without cluster separation. The maximum-likelihood estimation of the avalanche energy (ε) and size (τ) exponents provide ε=1.57±0.05 (at −30 °C) and ε=1.35±0.1 (at 25 °C), as well as τ=1.92±0.05 (at −30 °C) and τ= 1.55±0.1 (at 25 °C). The clustering analysis provides not only a manner to eliminate the background noise, but the characteristic avalanche shapes are also different for the two mechanisms, as it is visible on the PSD curves. Thus, we have illustrated that this clustering analysis is very useful in discriminating between different AE sources and can provide more realistic estimates, for example, for the characteristic exponents as compared to the classical hit-based approach where the exponents reflect an average value, containing hits from the low-frequency mechanical vibrations of the test machine, too.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Z. Tóth
- Department of Solid State Physics, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Lajos Daróczi
- Department of Solid State Physics, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tarek Y. Elrasasi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt
| | - Dezső L. Beke
- Department of Solid State Physics, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary
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12
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Chen C, Huang H, Hu R, Bi R, Zhang L. Phase Separation Induced Binary Core-Shell Alloy Nanoparticles Embedded in Carbon Sheets for Magnesium Storage. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:39965-39975. [PMID: 36000722 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium-ion batteries (MIBs) have aroused widespread interest in large-scale applications due to their low cost, high volumetric capacity, and safety. However, magnesium (Mg) metals are incompatible with conventional electrolytes, making it difficult to plate and strip reversibly. Therefore, developing novel Mg2+ host anodes remains a huge challenge. Herein, we present a rational design and fabrication of binary Bi@Sn alloy nanoparticles embedded in carbon sheets (Bi@Sn-C) as a superior anode for MIBs employing phase separation during the annealing of bimetallic MOFs. The Bi@Sn-C simultaneously integrates the nanostructure design and multi-element coordination strategies which is favorable to improve the overall structural stability and Mg2+ diffusion kinetics. Benefiting from the aforementioned features, the Bi@Sn-C electrodes deliver good cycling stability of 214 mA h g-1 at 100 mA g-1 after 100 cycles and rate capability with 200 mA h g-1 at 500 mA g-1. And when using all-phenyl complex with lithium chloride (LiCl-APC) dual-salt electrolyte, the electrochemical performance of Bi@Sn-C is further optimized and shows enhanced rate performance (238 mA h g-1 at 500 mA g-1) and reversible capacity (308 mA h g-1 at 100 mA g-1 after 100 cycles). This novel strategy holds great promise for designing efficient alloy electrode materials for MIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Huawen Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Renzong Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ran Bi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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13
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Tang J, Wang J, Maurice JL, Chen W, Foldyna M, Yu L, Leshchenko ED, Dubrovskii VG, Cabarrocas PRI. Tapering-free monocrystalline Ge nanowires synthesized via plasma-assisted VLS using In and Sn catalysts. Nanotechnology 2022; 33:405602. [PMID: 35196259 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac57d4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In and Sn are the type of catalysts which do not introduce deep level electrical defects within the bandgap of germanium (Ge). However, Ge nanowires produced using these catalysts usually have a large diameter, a tapered morphology, and mixed crystalline and amorphous phases. In this study, we show that plasma-assisted vapor-liquid-solid (PA-VLS) method can be used to synthesize Ge nanowires. Moreover, at certain parameter domains, the sidewall deposition issues of this synthesis method can be avoided and long, thin tapering-free monocrystalline Ge nanowires can be obtained with In and Sn catalysts. We find two quite different parameter domains where Ge nanowire growth can occur via PA-VLS using In and Sn catalysts: (i) a low temperature-low pressure domain, below ∼235 °C at a GeH4partial pressure of ∼6 mTorr, where supersaturation in the catalyst occurs thanks to the low solubility of Ge in the catalysts, and (ii) a high temperature-high pressure domain, at ∼400 °C and a GeH4partial pressure above ∼20 mTorr, where supersaturation occurs thanks to the high GeH4concentration. While growth at 235 °C results in tapered short wires, operating at 400 °C enables cylindrical nanowire growth. With the increase of growth temperature, the crystalline structure of the nanowires changes from multi-crystalline to mono-crystalline and their growth rate increases from ∼0.3 nm s-1to 5 nm s-1. The cylindrical Ge nanowires grown at 400°C usually have a length of few microns and a radius of around 10 nm, which is well below the Bohr exciton radius in bulk Ge (24.3 nm). To explain the growth mechanism, a detailed growth model based on the key chemical reactions is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Tang
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People's Republic of China
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Jun Wang
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Jean-Luc Maurice
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Wanghua Chen
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Martin Foldyna
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Linwei Yu
- School of Electronics Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Egor D Leshchenko
- Solid State Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
- Faculty of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Pere Roca I Cabarrocas
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
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14
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Daróczi L, Elrasasi TY, Arjmandabasi T, Tóth LZ, Veres B, Beke DL. Change of Acoustic Emission Characteristics during Temperature Induced Transition from Twinning to Dislocation Slip under Compression in Polycrystalline Sn. Materials (Basel) 2021; 15:224. [PMID: 35009370 DOI: 10.3390/ma15010224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, acoustic emission (AE) measurements on polycrystalline tin as a function of temperature at different driving rates under compression were carried out. It is shown that there is a definite difference between the acoustic emission characteristics belonging to twinning (low temperatures) as well as to dislocation slip (high temperatures). The stress averaged values of the exponents of the energy probability density functions decreased from ε = 1.45 ± 0.05 (-60 °C) to ε = 1.20 ± 0.15 (50 °C) at a driving rate of ε=0.15 s-1, and the total acoustic energy decreased by three orders of magnitude with increasing temperature. In addition, the exponent γ in the scaling relation SAE~DAEγ (SAE is the area and DAE is the duration) also shows similar temperature dependence (changing from γ = 1.78 ± 0.08 to γ = 1.35 ± 0.05), illustrating that the avalanche statistics belong to two different microscopic deformation mechanisms. The power law scaling relations were also analyzed, taking into account that the detected signal is always the convolution of the source signal and the transfer function of the system. It was obtained that approximate values of the power exponents can be obtained from the parts of the above functions, belonging to large values of parameters. At short duration times, the attenuation effect of the AE detection system dominates the time dependence, from which the characteristic attenuation time, τa, was determined as τa ≅ 70 μs.
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15
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Wang H, Ma Y, Zhang W. Electrospun Fe 3O 4- Sn@Carbon Nanofibers Composite as Efficient Anode Material for Li-Ion Batteries. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:nano11092203. [PMID: 34578519 PMCID: PMC8471746 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanoscale Fe3O4-Sn@CNFs was prepared by loading Fe3O4 and Sn nanoparticles onto CNFs synthesized via electrostatic spinning and subsequent thermal treatment by solvothermal reaction, and were used as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. The prepared anode delivers an excellent reversible specific capacity of 1120 mAh·g-1 at a current density of 100 mA·g-1 at the 50th cycle. The recovery rate of the specific capacity (99%) proves the better cycle stability. Fe3O4 nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed on the surface of nanofibers with high density, effectively increasing the electrochemical reaction sites, and improving the electrochemical performance of the active material. The rate and cycling performance of the fabricated electrodes were significantly improved because of Sn and Fe3O4 loading on CNFs with high electrical conductivity and elasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China;
- College of Electronic Information Engineering, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yuejin Ma
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China;
- Correspondence: (Y.M.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wenming Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of New Energy Photoelectric Devices, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
- Correspondence: (Y.M.); (W.Z.)
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16
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Sun Y, Yang Y, Shi XL, Suo G, Chen H, Hou X, Lu S, Chen ZG. Self-Standing Film Assembled using SnS-Sn/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Encapsulated Carbon Fibers: A Potential Large-Scale Production Material for Ultra-stable Sodium-Ion Battery Anodes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:28359-28368. [PMID: 34106683 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
High-energy sodium-ion batteries have a significant prospective application as a next-generation energy storage technology. However, this technology is severely hindered by the lack of large-scale production of battery materials. Herein, a self-standing film, assembled with SnS-Sn/multiwalled carbon nanotubes encapsulated in carbon fibers (SnS-Sn/MCNTs@CFs), is prepared using ball milling and electrospinning techniques and used as sodium-ion battery anodes. To compensate the poor internal conductivity of SnS-Sn nanoparticles, MCNTs are used to interweave SnS-Sn nanoparticles to improve the conductivity. Moreover, the designed three-dimensional carbon fiber conductive network can effectively shorten the diffusion path of electron/Na+, accelerate the reaction kinetics, and provide abundant active sites for sodium absorption. Benefiting from these unique features, the self-standing film offers a high reversible capacity of 568 mA h g-1 at 0.1 A g-1 and excellent cycling stability at 1 A g-1 with a reversible capacity of 359.3 mA h g-1 after 1000 cycles. In the sodium-ion full cell device, the capacity is stable at 283.7 mA h g-1 after 100 cycles at a current of 100 mA g-1. This work provides a new strategy for electrode design and facilitates the large-scale application of the sodium-ion battery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Yanling Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Xiao-Lei Shi
- Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Queensland 4300, Australia
- School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Guoquan Suo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Huajun Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
- Department of Environment and Chemistry, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, PR China
| | - Xiaojiang Hou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Siyu Lu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Chen
- Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Queensland 4300, Australia
- School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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17
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Yan Y, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Qin C, Yu H, Bakenov Z, Wang Z. Sn modified nanoporous Ge for improved lithium storage performance. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 602:563-72. [PMID: 34147749 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although high-capacity germanium (Ge) has been regarded as the promising anode material for lithium ion batteries (LIBs), its actual performance is far from expectation because of low electrical conductivity and rapid capacity decay during cycling. In this work, Sn modified nanoporous Ge materials with different Ge/Sn atomic ratios in precursors were synthesized by a simple melt-spinning and dealloying strategy. As the anodes of LIBs, Sn modified nanoporous Ge materials display improved cycling stability compared with Sn-free nanoporous Ge, revealing a potential role of Sn in improving electrochemical properties of Ge-based anodes. In particular, Sn modified nanoporous Ge with Ge/Sn atomic ratio of 3:1 presents the best Li storage performance among measured electrodes, delivering a reversible capacity of 974 mA h g-1 after 500 cycles at 200 mA g-1. It is found that the introduction of appropriate amount of Sn can not only regulate the nanoporous structure of Ge to better alleviate volume expansion, but also improves the conductivity and activity of the electrode material. This improvement is demonstrated by density functional theory calculations. The study uncovers a route to improve Li storage properties by rationally modify Ge-based anodes with Sn, which may facilitate the development of high-performance LIBs.
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18
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Li Q, Zhang Y, Wang X, Yang Y. Dual Interface-Engineered Tin Heterostructure for Enhanced Ambient Ammonia Electrosynthesis. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:15270-15278. [PMID: 33769776 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c01160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) represents a promising alternative route for sustainable ammonia synthesis, which currently dominantly relies on the energy-intensive Haber-Bosch process, while it is significantly hampered by the sluggish reaction kinetics due to the short of glorious electrocatalysts. In this work, we report an efficient porous tin heterostructure with intimate dual interfaces for electrosynthesis of ammonia, which exhibits outstanding NRR efficiency with an NH3 yield rate and Faradaic efficiency as high as 30.3 μg h-1mg-1cat and 41.3%, respectively, and excellent stability as well at a low potential of -0.05 V (vs RHE) in 0.1 M Na2SO4 solution under ambient conditions. This matrix value is superior to the analogue Sn-based heterostructures with a single interface and outperforms the currently state-of-the-art Sn-based catalysts. Comprehensive characterizations and theoretical calculations uncovered the formation of the unique intimate dual interfaces in the tin heterostructure promoting the enhancement of the NRR process, which not only effectively exposes more active sites for stronger N2 chemisorption and activation but also accelerates the interfacial electron transfer and reduces the free energy barrier for the rate-determining *N2H formation step, highlighting the importance of the dual interface effect for the design of electrocatalysts in catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yinpan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xiaoxue Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yong Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, China
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Ding S, Cheng W, Zhang L, Du G, Hao X, Nie G, Xu B, Zhang M, Su Q, Serra CA. Organic molecule confinement reaction for preparation of the Sn nanoparticles@graphene anode materials in Lithium-ion battery. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 589:308-317. [PMID: 33472150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.12.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Sn@Graphene composites as anode materials in Lithium-ion batteries have attracted intensive interest due to the inherent high capacity. On the other side, the high atomic ratio (Li4.4Sn) induces the pulverization of the electrode with cycling. Thus, suppressing pulverization by designing the structure of the materials is an essential key for improving cyclability. Applying the nanotechnologies such as electrospinning, soft/hard nano template strategy, surface modification, multi-step chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and so on has demonstrated the huge advantage on this aspect. These strategies are generally used for homogeneous dispersing Sn nanomaterials in graphene matrix or constructing the voids in the inner of the materials to obtain the mechanical buffer effect. Unfortunately, these processes induce huge energy consumption and complicated operation. To solve the issue, new nanotechnology for the composites by the bottom-up strategy (Organic Molecule Confinement Reaction (OMCR)) was shown in this report. A 3D organic nanoframes was synthesized as a graphene precursor by low energy nano emulsification and photopolymerization. SnO2 nanoparticles@3D organic nanoframes as the composites precursor were in-situ formed in the hydrothermal reaction. After the redox process by the calcination, the Sn nanoparticles with nanovoids (~100 nm, uniform size) were homogeneously dispersed in a Two-Dimensional Laminar Matrix of graphene nanosheets (2DLMG) by the in-situ patterning and confinement effect from the 3D organic nanoframes. The pulverization and crack of the composites were effectively suppressed, which was proved by the electrochemical testing. The Sn nanoparticles@2DLMG not delivered just the high cyclability during 200 cycles, but also firstly achieved a high specific capacity (539 mAh g-1) at the low loading Sn (19.58 wt%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shukai Ding
- Materials Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, ShaanXi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China; Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ICS UPR 22, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Wei Cheng
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Longming Zhang
- Xi'an ZheJiang XiRe LiHua Intelligent Sensor Technology Co. Ltd., Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Gaohui Du
- Materials Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, ShaanXi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Xiaodong Hao
- Materials Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, ShaanXi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Guanjian Nie
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Bingshe Xu
- Materials Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, ShaanXi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Materials Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, ShaanXi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Qingmei Su
- Materials Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, ShaanXi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
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20
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Zhu J, Zhang Z, Ding X, Cao JP, Hu G. In situ one-pot synthesis of Sn/lignite-based porous carbon composite for enhanced lithium storage. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 587:367-375. [PMID: 33360906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To expand the variety of Sn/C composites, lignite-based porous carbon was initially prepared with Baoqing lignite as the raw material and K2CO3 as the extractant and activator. A novel Sn/lignite-based porous carbon composite was subsequently fabricated via an in situ one-pot synthesis method. In the nanocomposite, Sn nanoparticles are uniformly distributed on lignite-based porous carbon, improving the lithium-ion storage performance of the as-prepared material. Compared with pure Sn and bare lignite-based porous carbon, Sn/lignite-based porous carbon displayed a superior electrochemical performance. The composite material exhibits a high reversible capacity of 941 mAh g-1 after 200 cycles at 100 mA g-1. Even after 800 charge/discharge cycles at a high current density of 1000 mA g-1, the nanocomposite retains a reversible capacity of 573 mAh g-1. The enhanced lithium-ion storage performance can be attributed to the combined effect of Sn and lignite-based porous carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsheng Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
| | - Zhaoqi Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Xiaobo Ding
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Jing-Pei Cao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
| | - Guangzhou Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
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Liu Z, Zhang S, Qiu Z, Huangfu C, Wang L, Wei T, Fan Z. Tin Nanodots Derived From Sn2+ /Graphene Quantum Dot Complex as Pillars into Graphene Blocks for Ultrafast and Ultrastable Sodium-Ion Storage. Small 2020; 16:e2003557. [PMID: 32815308 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202003557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tin (Sn) is considered to be an ideal candidate for the anode of sodium ion batteries. However, the design of Sn-based electrodes with maintained long-term stability still remains challenging due to their huge volume expansion (≈420%) and easy pulverization during cycling. Herein, a facile and versatile strategy for the synthesis of nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dot (GQD) edge-anchored Sn nanodots as the pillars into reduced graphene oxide blocks (NGQD/Sn-NG) for ultrafast and ultrastable sodium-ion storage is reported. Sn nanodots (2-5 nm) anchored at the edges of "octopus-like" GQDs via covalent SnOC/SnNC bonds function as the pillars that ensure fast Na-ion/electron transport across the graphene blocks. Moreover, the chemical and spatial (layered structure) confinements not only suppress Sn aggregation, but also function as physical barriers for buffering volume change upon sodiation/desodiation. Consequently, the NGQD/Sn-NG with high structural stability exhibits excellent rate performance (555 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1 and 198 mAh g-1 at 10 A g-1 ) and ultra-long cycling stability (184 mAh g-1 remaining even after 2000 cycles at 5 A g-1 ). The confinement-induced synthesis together with remarkable electrochemical performances should shed light on the practical application of highly attractive tin-based anodes for next generation rechargeable sodium batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Su Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Autonomous Region, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, P. R. China
| | - Zhipeng Qiu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Chao Huangfu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Tong Wei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Zhuangjun Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, 266580, P. R. China
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Zhang W, Qian J, Lei Y, Zhang C, Ma J. Simple synthesis of hierarchically porous Sn/TiO 2/graphitic carbon microspheres for CO 2 reduction with H 2O under simulated solar irradiation. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:22631-22638. [PMID: 32319059 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08732-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A simple colloidal crystal template method was used to prepare Sn/TiO2/graphite carbon microsphere composites (xSn/TiO2/GCM, x = 2.0, 1.0, 0.2, 0.5) with porous layers. Then, the composites were represented using X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and nitrogen physical adsorption/desorption. Meanwhile, the photocatalytic activities in CO2 reduction were studied under simulation of visible light exposure. It was confirmed that the Sn/TiO2/GCM composites had layered porosity, graphitized carbon matrix, and high metal compound content, and their morphology was greatly affected by the acetone amount. The outputs of CO and CH4 coming into the photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction of Sn/TiO2/GCM were 619.46 and 14.46 μmol g-1, respectively. Among the two products, the highest production rate observed in 0.5Sn/TiO2/GCM. Because of these factors, the layered porous Sn/TiO2/GCM composites have good photocatalytic performance under simulated visible light irradiation and have unique composition and structure characteristics, which give broad application prospects in electrode materials, catalysts, and adsorbents. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Zhang
- College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Jing Qian
- College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Yuchen Lei
- College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Chengli Zhang
- College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China.
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Ministry of Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China.
- National Demonstration Center for Environmental and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China.
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Control & Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Kaifeng, 475001, China.
| | - Jianhua Ma
- College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Ministry of Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
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23
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Matuła I, Zubko M, Dercz G. Role of Sn as a Process Control Agent on Mechanical Alloying Behavior of Nanocrystalline Titanium Based Powders. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:E2110. [PMID: 32370206 DOI: 10.3390/ma13092110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of Sn as a process control agent (PCA) on the final powder sizes, morphology, homogenization and alloying process of a new titanium alloy were investigated. Two kinds of powders, Ti10Ta8Mo and Ti10Ta8Mo3Sn (wt %), were prepared using a mechanical alloying process. For the Ti10Ta8Mo3Sn (wt %) alloy, the Sn element was used as PCA to enhance the milling process in the planetary ball mill. The milling process of both compositions was carried out with 200 rpm for 10, 15, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 h. The results confirmed that using Sn as a process control agent can result in a relatively good size distribution and better yield performance compared to samples without Sn addition. The phase analysis using X-ray diffraction proved the formation of the α nanocrystalline phase and the partial phase transformation from α to nanocrystalline β phases of both alloy compositions. The Scaning Electron Micoscope- Backscattered Electrons SEM-BSE results confirmed that the use of Sn as the PCA can provide a better homogenization of samples prepared by at least 60 h of ball milling. Furthermore, the presence of Sn yielded the most uniform, spheroidal and finest particles after the longest milling time.
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Jayachandran P, Angamuthu A, Gopalan P. UV-vis absorption spectra of Sn(IV)tetrakis(4-pyridyl) porphyrins on the basis of axial ligation and pyridine protonation. J Mol Model 2019; 25:294. [PMID: 31478116 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-4166-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study highlights the structural and electronic spectra of Sn(IV)tetrakis(4-pyridyl) porphyrins (SnTP) using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). The impact of axial ligands (OH-, Cl-, and H2O) and protonation at pyridine sites on the excitation properties of SnTP is also explored. The considered SnTPs were optimized at B3LYP/6-31+G* level of theory with LANL2DZ basis set for Sn metal. The effects of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and dimethylformamide (DMF) solvents were also assessed employing conductor-like polarizable continuum (C-PCM) model. The observed structural effects correlate well with the experimental data and clearly depict the impact of axial ligands on the SnTP ring. The absorption spectra along with the frontier orbitals in all three phases show noticeable dependence of axial ligation on the photophysical properties of SnTPs. The transition character of molecular orbitals and their respective density of states (DOS) were explored to infer the orbitals involved in electronic transitions. Graphical abstract The structural and electronic spectra of Sn(IV)tetrakis(4-pyridyl) porphyrins (SnTP) were examined using time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). Axial ligation and pyridine protonation significantly affects the absorption properties of Sn complexes. The overall results suggest the application of [(OH-)Sn (OH-)TP] and [(Cl-)Sn (Cl-)TP] as photosensitizers.
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Glöckel F, Uggowitzer PJ, Felfer P, Pogatscher S, Höppel HW. Influence of Zn and Sn on the Precipitation Behavior of New Al-Mg-Si Alloys. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:E2547. [PMID: 31405097 DOI: 10.3390/ma12162547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrate how Zn and Sn influence hardening behavior and cluster formation during pre-aging and paint bake treatment in Al–Mg–Si alloys via hardness tests, tensile tests, and atom probe tomography. Compared to the standard alloy, the Sn-modified variant shows reduced cluster size and yield strength in the pre-aged condition. During the paint bake cycle, the clusters start to grow very fast and the alloy exhibits the highest strength increment. This behavior is attributed to the high vacancy binding energy of Sn. Adding Zn increases the formation kinetics and the size of Mg–Si co-clusters, generating higher yield strength values for both the pre-aged and paint baked conditions. Simultaneous addition of Zn and Sn creates a synergistic effect and produces an alloy that exhibits moderate strength (and good formability) in the pre-aged condition and accelerated hardening behavior during the paint bake cycle.
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Ding J, Liu X, Wang Y, Huang W, Wang B, Wei S, Xia X, Liang Y, Chen X, Pan F, Xu B. Effect of Sn Addition on Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of As-Extruded Mg-5Zn-4Al Alloy. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:E2069. [PMID: 31252595 DOI: 10.3390/ma12132069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The effect of Sn addition on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of extruded Mg–5Zn–4Al–xSn (0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 wt %) alloys was investigated by optical microscopy (OM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electrochemical measurements, and immersion tests. Microstructural results showed that the average grain size decreased to some degree and the amount of precipitates increased with the increasing amount of Sn. The extruded Mg–5Zn–4Al–xSn alloy mainly consisted of α-Mg, Mg32(Al,Zn)49, and Mg2Sn phases as the content of Sn was above 1 wt %. Electrochemical measurements indicated that the extruded Mg–5Zn–4Al–1Sn (ZAT541) alloy presented the best corrosion performances, with corrosion potential (Ecorr) and corrosion current density (Icorr) values of −1.3309 V and 6.707 × 10−6 A·cm−2, respectively. Furthermore, the corrosion mechanism of Sn is discussed in detail.
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27
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Scheiner S. Differential Binding of Tetrel-Bonding Bipodal Receptors to Monatomic and Polyatomic Anions. Molecules 2019; 24:E227. [PMID: 30634503 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous work has demonstrated that a bidentate receptor containing a pair of Sn atoms can engage in very strong interactions with halide ions via tetrel bonds. The question that is addressed here concerns the possibility that a receptor of this type might be designed that would preferentially bind a polyatomic over a monatomic anion since the former might better span the distance between the two Sn atoms. The binding of Cl− was thus compared to that of HCOO−, HSO4−, and H2PO4− with a wide variety of bidentate receptors. A pair of SnFH2 groups, as strong tetrel-binding agents, were first added to a phenyl ring in ortho, meta, and para arrangements. These same groups were also added in 1,3 and 1,4 positions of an aliphatic cyclohexyl ring. The tetrel-bonding groups were placed at the termini of (-C≡C-)n (n = 1,2) extending arms so as to further separate the two Sn atoms. Finally, the Sn atoms were incorporated directly into an eight-membered ring, rather than as appendages. The ordering of the binding energetics follows the HCO2− > Cl− > H2PO4− > HSO4− general pattern, with some variations in selected systems. The tetrel bonding is strong enough that in most cases, it engenders internal deformations within the receptors that allow them to engage in bidentate bonding, even for the monatomic chloride, which mutes any effects of a long Sn···Sn distance within the receptor.
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Satoh S, Fukushi H, Esashi M, Tanaka S. Comprehensive Die Shear Test of Silicon Packages Bonded by Thermocompression of Al Layers with Thin Sn Capping or Insertions. Micromachines (Basel) 2018; 9:mi9040174. [PMID: 30424107 PMCID: PMC6187392 DOI: 10.3390/mi9040174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Thermocompression bonding for wafer-level hermetic packaging was demonstrated at the lowest temperature of 370 to 390 °C ever reported using Al films with thin Sn capping or insertions as bonding layer. For shrinking the chip size of MEMS (micro electro mechanical systems), a smaller size of wafer-level packaging and MEMS–ASIC (application specific integrated circuit) integration are of great importance. Metal-based bonding under the temperature of CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) backend process is a key technology, and Al is one of the best candidates for bonding metal in terms of CMOS compatibility. In this study, after the thermocompression bonding of two substrates, the shear fracture strength of dies was measured by a bonding tester, and the shear-fractured surfaces were observed by SEM (scanning electron microscope), EDX (energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry), and a surface profiler to clarify where the shear fracture took place. We confirmed two kinds of fracture mode. One mode is Si bulk fracture mode, where the die shear strength is 41.6 to 209 MPa, proportionally depending on the area of Si fracture. The other mode is bonding interface fracture mode, where the die shear strength is 32.8 to 97.4 MPa. Regardless of the fracture modes, the minimum die shear strength is practical for wafer-level MEMS packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiro Satoh
- Micro System Integration Center, Tohoku University, 6-6-01, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-3579, Japan.
| | - Hideyuki Fukushi
- Micro System Integration Center, Tohoku University, 6-6-01, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-3579, Japan.
| | - Masayoshi Esashi
- Micro System Integration Center, Tohoku University, 6-6-01, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-3579, Japan.
| | - Shuji Tanaka
- Micro System Integration Center, Tohoku University, 6-6-01, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-3579, Japan.
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-01, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-3579, Japan.
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29
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Guo Y, Zeng X, Zhang Y, Dai Z, Fan H, Huang Y, Zhang W, Zhang H, Lu J, Huo F, Yan Q. Sn Nanoparticles Encapsulated in 3D Nanoporous Carbon Derived from a Metal-Organic Framework for Anode Material in Lithium-Ion Batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:17172-17177. [PMID: 28471168 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b04561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional nanoporous carbon frameworks encapsulated Sn nanoparticles (Sn@3D-NPC) are developed by a facile method as an improved lithium ion battery anode. The Sn@3D-NPC delivers a reversible capacity of 740 mAh g-1 after 200 cycles at a current density of 200 mA g-1, corresponding to a capacity retention of 85% (against the second capacity) and high rate capability (300 mAh g-1 at 5 A g-1). Compared to the Sn nanoparticles (SnNPs), such improvements are attributed to the 3D porous and conductive framework. The whole structure can provide not only the high electrical conductivity that facilities the electron transfer but also the elasticity that will suppress the volume expansion and aggregation of SnNPs during the charge and discharge process. This work opens a new application of metal-organic frameworks in energy storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Xiaoqiao Zeng
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhengfei Dai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Haosen Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Ying Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Weina Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University , 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Hua Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Jun Lu
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Fengwei Huo
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University , 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Qingyu Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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30
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Tang J, Maurice JL, Chen W, Misra S, Foldyna M, Johnson EV, Roca i Cabarrocas P. Plasma-Assisted Growth of Silicon Nanowires by Sn Catalyst: Step-by-Step Observation. Nanoscale Res Lett 2016; 11:455. [PMID: 27734420 PMCID: PMC5061684 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1681-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive study of the silicon nanowire growth process has been carried out. Silicon nanowires were grown by plasma-assisted-vapor-solid method using tin as a catalyst. We have focused on the evolution of the silicon nanowire density, morphology, and crystallinity. For the first time, the initial growth stage, which determines the nanowire (NW) density and growth direction, has been observed step by step. We provide direct evidence of the merging of Sn catalyst droplets and the formation of Si nanowires during the first 10 s of growth. We found that the density of Sn droplets decreases from ~9000 Sn droplets/μm2 to 2000 droplets/μm2 after just 10 s of growth. Moreover, the long and straight nanowire density decreases from 170/μm2 after 2 min of growth to less than 10/μm2 after 90 min. This strong reduction in nanowire density is accompanied by an evolution of their morphology from cylindrical to conical, then to bend conical, and finally, to a bend inverted conical shape. Moreover, the changes in the crystalline structure of nanowires are from (i) monocrystalline to (ii) monocrystalline core/defective crystalline shell and then to (iii) monocrystalline core/defective crystalline shell/amorphous shell. The evolutions of NW properties have been explained in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Tang
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Jean-Luc Maurice
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Wanghua Chen
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Soumyadeep Misra
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Martin Foldyna
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Erik V. Johnson
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
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Li S, Wang Z, Liu J, Yang L, Guo Y, Cheng L, Lei M, Wang W. Yolk-Shell Sn@C Eggette-like Nanostructure: Application in Lithium-Ion and Sodium-Ion Batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:19438-45. [PMID: 27420372 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b04736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Yolk-shell carbon encapsulated tin (Sn@C) eggette-like compounds (SCE) have been synthesized by a facile method. The SCE structures consist of tin cores covered by carbon membrane networks with extra voids between the carbon shell and tin cores. The novel nanoarchitectures exhibit high electrochemical performance in both lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). As anodes for LIBs, the SCE electrodes exhibit a specific capacity of ∼850 mA h g(-1) at 0.1 C (100 mA g(-1)) and high rate capability (∼450 mA h g(-1) remains) at high current densities up to 5 C (5000 mA g(-1)). For SIBs, the SCE electrodes show a specific capacity of ∼400 mA h g(-1) at 0.1 C and high rate capacity (∼150 mA h g(-1) remains) at high current densities up to 5 C (5000 mA g(-1)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Site Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Ziming Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Jun Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - LinYu Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Yue Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Lizi Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University , Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Ming Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications , Beijing 100876, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering (SMSE), Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100876, China
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Li Y, Zhang H, Chen Y, Shi Z, Cao X, Guo Z, Shen PK. Nitrogen-Doped Carbon-Encapsulated SnO2@Sn Nanoparticles Uniformly Grafted on Three-Dimensional Graphene-like Networks as Anode for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:197-207. [PMID: 26654790 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b08340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A peculiar nanostructure consisting of nitrogen-doped, carbon-encapsulated (N-C) SnO2@Sn nanoparticles grafted on three-dimensional (3D) graphene-like networks (designated as N-C@SnO2@Sn/3D-GNs) has been fabricated via a low-cost and scalable method, namely an in situ hydrolysis of Sn salts and immobilization of SnO2 nanoparticles on the surface of 3D-GNs, followed by an in situ polymerization of dopamine on the surface of the SnO2/3D-GNs, and finally a carbonization. In the composites, three-layer core-shell N-C@SnO2@Sn nanoparticles were uniformly grafted onto the surfaces of 3D-GNs, which promotes highly efficient insertion/extraction of Li(+). In addition, the outermost N-C layer with graphene-like structure of the N-C@SnO2@Sn nanoparticles can effectively buffer the large volume changes, enhance electronic conductivity, and prevent SnO2/Sn aggregation and pulverization during discharge/charge. The middle SnO2 layer can be changed into active Sn and nano-Li2O during discharge, as described by SnO2 + Li(+) → Sn + Li2O, whereas the thus-formed nano-Li2O can provide a facile environment for the alloying process and facilitate good cycling behavior, so as to further improve the cycling performance of the composite. The inner Sn layer with large theoretical capacity can guarantee high lithium storage in the composite. The 3D-GNs, with high electrical conductivity (1.50 × 10(3) S m(-1)), large surface area (1143 m(2) g(-1)), and high mechanical flexibility, tightly pin the core-shell structure of the N-C@SnO2@Sn nanoparticles and thus lead to remarkably enhanced electrical conductivity and structural integrity of the overall electrode. Consequently, this novel hybrid anode exhibits highly stable capacity of up to 901 mAh g(-1), with ∼89.3% capacity retention after 200 cycles at 0.1 A g(-1) and superior high rate performance, as well as a long lifetime of 500 cycles with 84.0% retention at 1.0 A g(-1). Importantly, this unique hybrid design is expected to be extended to other alloy-type anode materials such as silicon, germanium, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology , No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology , No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yiming Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology , No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhicong Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology , No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoguo Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology , No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zaiping Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology , No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, School of Mechanical, Materials and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Wollongong , North Wollongong, New South Wales 2500, Australia
| | - Pei Kang Shen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Energy Materials, Guangxi University , Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
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Tárkányi F, Ditrói F, Hermanne A, Takács S, Baba M. Investigation of activation cross sections of proton induced reactions on indium up to 70 MeV for practical applications. Appl Radiat Isot 2016; 107:391-400. [PMID: 26629684 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Excitation functions were measured for production of the (113,111,110)Sn, (115m,114m,113m,112m,111g,110g)In and (111m,109)Cd radioisotopes by bombardment of In targets with proton beams up to 70 MeV, some of them for the first time. The new results are compared with the earlier experimental data and with the theoretical data in the TENDL-2014 (Talys1.6 based) library. Thick target yields were deduced and application of the new data for production of medically relevant (110m)In,(111g)In,(113m)In and (114m)In, as well as applicability for thin layer activation (TLA) are discussed.
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Abstract
There has been a dearth of suitable techniques for studying the chemical composition of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on Li-ion negative electrodes at a resolution of its basic building blocks' length scale. Infrared apertureless near-field scanning optical microscopy (IR aNSOM) is an emerging tool in the chemical characterization of interfacial layers on the nanometer scale. This work demonstrates an IR aNSOM imaging of the SEI layer on a model Sn electrode. IR aNSOM images reveal significant chemical contrast variations tied to specific topographic features and possible corresponding distribution of lithium carbonate and lithium ethylene dicarbonate on the Sn electrode surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurice Ayache
- Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Simon Franz Lux
- Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Robert Kostecki
- Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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Salamat N, Etemadi-Deylami E, Movahedinia A, Mohammadi Y. Heavy metals in selected tissues and histopathological changes in liver and kidney of common moorhen (Gallinula chloropus) from Anzali Wetland, the south Caspian Sea, Iran. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2014; 110:298-307. [PMID: 25285772 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to measure the concentrations of Sn, Pb, Zn, Hg, Cu, Ni and Cd in the muscle and liver of 40 Common Moorhens (Gallinula chloropus) hunted from four stations in Anzali Wetland (Pirbazar, Ghalam-Koudeh, Selkeh and Abkenar). The histopathologic alteration index (HAI) of liver and kidney was also assessed in these birds. The highest concentrations of selected metals were measured in the liver of birds collected from Ghalam-Koudeh (Pb: 4.59±0.21, Sn: 6.663±0.282, Zn: 29.867±2.011, Cu: 24.07±1.84, Hg: 7.5±0.257, Ni: 6.85±0.52, Cd: 1.879±0.4mg kg(-1) dw). The lowest concentrations of metals were measured in the muscle of birds caught from Abkenar (Pb: 0.799±0.207, Sn: 1.873±0.066, Zn: 18.533±1.582, Hg: 0.86±0.08, Ni: 0.53±0.117, Cu: 6.63±1.114, Cd: 0.08±0.002mg kg(-1) dw). Also the highest and lowest concentrations of metals were recorded in sediment of Ghalam-Koudeh and Abkenar stations, respectively. These stations were located next to multi-industry Anzali Port. However, the concentration of Sn and Zn in sediment and tissues of Common Moorhens collected from different stations was lower than the permissible limit suggested by WHO and Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME). But, Pb, Hg and Ni concentration in sediment and birds caught from all stations was higher than the permissible limit defined by WHO and CCME. Cu and Cd concentration in tissue samples and sediment of Ghalam-Koudeh and Pirbazar was also higher than the permissible limit defined by WHO and CCME. Hemorrhage, melanomacrophage aggregations, sinusoidal congestion and hepatocyte vacuolation were the most pathological changes found in the liver. Reduction of the Bowman space, melanomacrophage aggregations and hemorrhage also were observed in the kidney. The HAI means of G. chloropus collected from Ghalam-Koudeh and Pirbazar were significantly higher than other sites. Based on the HAI values and metal bioaccumulation in the tissues of G. chloropus, Ghalam-Koudeh and Pirbazar could be considered as having the worst environmental quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Salamat
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Khorramshahr University of Marine Sciences and Technology, P. O. Box 64199-669, Iran.
| | - Eelia Etemadi-Deylami
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Khorramshahr University of Marine Sciences and Technology, P. O. Box 64199-669, Iran
| | - Abdolali Movahedinia
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Khorramshahr University of Marine Sciences and Technology, P. O. Box 64199-669, Iran
| | - Yaghoob Mohammadi
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Khorramshahr University of Marine Sciences and Technology, P. O. Box 64199-669, Iran
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de Oliveira APS, de Sousa JF, da Silva MA, Hilário F, Resende FA, de Camargo MS, Vilegas W, dos Santos LC, Varanda EA. Estrogenic and chemopreventive activities of xanthones and flavones of Syngonanthus (Eriocaulaceae). Steroids 2013; 78:1053-63. [PMID: 23891669 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The possible benefits of some bioactive flavones and xanthones present in plants of the genus Syngonanthus prompted us to screen them for estrogenic activity. However, scientific research has shown that such substances may have undesirable properties, such as mutagenicity, carcinogenicity and toxicity, which restrict their use as therapeutic agents. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the estrogenicity and mutagenic and antimutagenic properties. We used recombinant yeast assay (RYA), with the strain BY4741 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Ames test, with strains TA100, TA98, TA97a and TA102 of Salmonella typhimirium, to evaluate estrogenicity, mutagenicity and antimutagenicity of methanolic extracts of Syngonanthus dealbatus (S.d.), Syngonanthus macrolepsis (S.m.), Syngonanthus nitens (S.n.) and Syngonanthus suberosus (S.s.), and of 9 compounds isolated from them (1=luteolin, 2=mix of A-1,3,6-trihydroxy-2-methoxyxanthone and B-1,3,6-trihydroxy-2,5-dimethoxyxanthone, 3=1,5,7-trihydroxy-3,6-dimethoxyxanthone, 4=1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxy-2,5-dimethoxyxanthone, 5=1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxy-5-methoxyxanthone, 6=7-methoxyluteolin-8-C-β-glucopyranoside, 7=7-methoxyluteolin-6-C-β-glucopyranoside, 8=7,3'-dimethoxyluteolin-6-C-β-glucopyranoside and 9=6-hydroxyluteolin). The results indicated the estrogenic potential of the S. nitens methanol extract and four of its isolated xanthones, which exhibited, respectively, 14.74±1.63 nM; 19.54±6.61; 7.20±0.37; 6.71±1.02 e 10.01±4.26 nM of estradiol-equivalents (EEQ). None of the extracts or isolated compounds showed mutagenicity in any of the test strains and all of them showed antimutagenic potential, in particular preventing mutations caused by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P). The results show that the xanthones, only isolated from the methanol extract of S. nitens capitula, probably were the responsible for its estrogenic activity and could be useful as phytoestrogens, providing a new opportunity to develop hormonal agents. In addition, flavones and xanthones could also be used as a new antimutagenic agent. Since, the mutagens are involved in the initiation and promotion of several human diseases, including cancer, the significance of novel bioactive phytocompounds in counteracting these pro-mutagenic and carcinogenic effects is now gaining credence.
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Key Words
- +S9
- 1
- 1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxy-2,5-dimethoxyxanthone
- 1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxy-5-methoxyxanthone
- 1,5,7-trihydroxy-3,6-dimethoxyxanthone
- 17β-estradiol
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 4-nitro-O-phenylenediamine, B[a]P, benzo[a]pyrene
- 5
- 6
- 6-hydroxyluteolin
- 7
- 7,3′-dimethoxyluteolin-6-C-β-glucopyranoside
- 7-methoxyluteolin-6-C-β-glucopyranoside
- 7-methoxyluteolin-8-C-β-glucopyranoside
- 8
- 9
- AFB(1)
- Antimutagenicity
- BAW
- CNPq
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- DES
- DMSO
- E(2)
- EEQ
- ER
- ER-RBA
- Eriocaulaceae
- Estrogenicity
- Ex-DCM
- Ex-Hex
- Ex-MeOH
- FAPESP
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
- HRT
- HSCCC
- I%
- MI
- Mutagenicity
- NPD
- Phytoestrogens
- RYA
- SA
- SD
- SERMs
- Sd
- Sm
- Sn
- Ss
- Standard Deviation
- UV
- aflatoxin B(1)
- dimethylsulfoxide
- estradiol equivalent
- estrogen diethylstilbestrol
- estrogen receptor
- estrogen receptor relative binding affinity
- hexane extract
- high speed counter current chromatography
- hormone replacement therapy
- luteolin
- methanol extract
- methanolic extract of capitula of Syngonanthus dealbatus
- methanolic extract of capitula of Syngonanthus macrolepsis
- methanolic extract of capitula of Syngonanthus nitens
- methanolic extract of capitula of Syngonanthus suberosus
- methylene chloride extract
- mix of A-1,3,6-trihydroxy-2-methoxyxanthone and B-1,3,6-trihydroxy-2,5-dimethoxyxanthone
- mutagenic index
- n-butanol, acetic acid and water solution
- percent of inhibition of reversion in bacterial strains
- recombinant yeast assay
- selective estrogen receptor modulators
- sodium azide, 2-AA, 2-anthramine, MMC, mitomycin C
- ultraviolet light
- with metabolization
- without metabolization
- −S9
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Siqueira de Oliveira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú Km 1, 14801-902 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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Wu S, Deng F, Hao Y, Shima M, Wang X, Zheng C, Wei H, Lv H, Lu X, Huang J, Qin Y, Guo X. Chemical constituents of fine particulate air pollution and pulmonary function in healthy adults: the Healthy Volunteer Natural Relocation study. J Hazard Mater 2013; 260:183-191. [PMID: 23747477 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Revised: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The study examined the associations of 32 chemical constituents of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM₂.₅) with pulmonary function in a panel of 21 college students. Study subjects relocated from a suburban area to an urban area with changing ambient air pollution levels and contents in Beijing, China, and provided daily morning/evening peak expiratory flow (PEF) and forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV₂₁) measurements over 6 months in three study periods. There were significant reductions in evening PEF and morning/evening FEV₂₁ associated with various air pollutants and PM₂.₅ constituents. Four PM₂.₅ constituents (copper, cadmium, arsenic and stannum) were found to be most consistently associated with the reductions in these pulmonary function measures. These findings provide clues for the respiratory effects of specific particulate chemical constituents in the context of urban air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowei Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
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Ooms K, Van Gorp H, Botti S, Van Gaever T, Delputte PL, Nauwynck HJ. Evaluation of viral peptide targeting to porcine sialoadhesin using a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccination-challenge model. Virus Res 2013; 177:147-55. [PMID: 23932898 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2013.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Targeting antigens to professional antigen presenting cells resident at the sites where effective immune responses are generated is a promising vaccination strategy. As such, targeting sialoadhesin (Sn)-expressing macrophages, abundantly present in spleen and lymph nodes where they appear to be strategically placed for antigen capture and processing, is recently gaining increased attention. Previously, we have shown that humoral immune responses to the model antigen human serum albumin can be enhanced by using a porcine Sn-specific monoclonal antibody to target the model antigen to Sn-expressing macrophages. To date however, no studies have been performed to evaluate whether targeted delivery of a pathogen-derived antigen can enhance the pathogen-specific immune response. Therefore, we selected a linear epitope on glycoprotein 4 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), which is known to be a target of virus-neutralizing antibodies. This paper reports on the targeted delivery of this viral peptide to porcine Sn-expressing macrophages and the evaluation of the subsequent immune response in a vaccination-challenge set-up. Four copies of the selected PRRSV epitope were genetically fused to a previously developed porcine Sn-targeting recombinant antibody or an irrelevant isotype control. Fusion proteins were shown to be efficiently purified from HEK293T cell supernatants and subsequently, only Sn-specific fusion proteins were shown to bind to and to be internalized into Sn-expressing cells. Subsequent immunizations with a single dose of the fusion proteins showed that peptide-specific immune responses and neutralizing antibody responses after PRRSV challenge were enhanced in animals receiving a single 500 μg intramuscular dose of the Sn-targeting fusion protein, although correlations between the two read-outs were hard to effectuate. Furthermore, a minor beneficial effect on viral clearance was observed. Together, these data show that viral peptide targeting to porcine Sn-expressing macrophages can improve the anti-viral immune response, although more research will be needed to further explore vaccination potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Ooms
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
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