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Fu X, Li P, Chen X, Ma Y, Wang R, Ji W, Gu J, Sheng B, Wang Y, Zhang Z. Ceria nanoparticles: biomedical applications and toxicity. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2024; 25:361-388. [PMID: 38725338 PMCID: PMC11087188 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2300854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Ceria nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) have become popular materials in biomedical and industrial fields due to their potential applications in anti-oxidation, cancer therapy, photocatalytic degradation of pollutants, sensors, etc. Many methods, including gas phase, solid phase, liquid phase, and the newly proposed green synthesis method, have been reported for the synthesis of CeO2 NPs. Due to the wide application of CeO2 NPs, concerns about their adverse impacts on human health have been raised. This review covers recent studies on the biomedical applications of CeO2 NPs, including their use in the treatment of various diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, ischemic stroke, retinal damage, chronic inflammation, and cancer). CeO2 NP toxicity is discussed in terms of the different systems of the human body (e.g., cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, respiratory toxicity, neurotoxicity, and hepatotoxicity). This comprehensive review covers both fundamental discoveries and exploratory progress in CeO2 NP research that may lead to practical developments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Nephrology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Rong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Wenxuan Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Jiakuo Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Bowen Sheng
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Yizhou Wang
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. ,
| | - Zhuhong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
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2
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Bai Y, Li Y, Li Y, Tian L. Advanced Biological Applications of Cerium Oxide Nanozymes in Disease Related to Oxidative Damage. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:8601-8614. [PMID: 38434816 PMCID: PMC10905716 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Due to their excellent catalytic activities, cerium oxide nanoparticles have promise as biological nanoenzymes. A redox reaction occurs between Ce3+ ions and Ce4+ ions during which they undergo conversion by acquiring or losing electrons as well as forming oxygen vacancies (or defects) in the lattice structure, which can act as antioxidant enzymes and simulate various enzyme activities. A number of cerium oxide nanoparticles have been engineered with multienzyme activities, including catalase, superoxide oxidase, peroxidase, and oxidase mimetic properties. Cerium oxide nanoparticles have nitric oxide radical clearing and radical scavenging properties and have been widely used in a number of fields of biology, including biomedicine, disease diagnosis, and treatment. This review provides a comprehensive introduction to the catalytic mechanisms and multiple enzyme activities of cerium oxide nanoparticles, along with their potential applications in the treatment of diseases of the brain, bones, nerves, and blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yandong Bai
- Tianjin
Union Medical Center, No. 190 Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao District, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Yongmei Li
- NHC
Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory
of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin
Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical
University, No. 6 Huanrui North Road, Ruijing Street, Beichen District, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Yuemei Li
- Xiamen
Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital
of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361012, China
| | - Lijie Tian
- NHC
Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory
of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin
Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical
University, No. 6 Huanrui North Road, Ruijing Street, Beichen District, Tianjin 300134, China
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3
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Yu F, Liu Y, Wang W, Yang S, Gao Y, Shi W, Hou H, Chen J, Guo R. Toxicity of TPhP on the gills and intestines of zebrafish from the perspectives of histopathology, oxidative stress and immune response. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168212. [PMID: 37918726 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
As an organophosphate ester (OPE), triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) has been frequently detected in aquatic environments, and its environmental risk has been widely studied. The gills and intestines are the most important part of the mucosal immune barrier in fish as the first line of defense against the invasion of harmful substances. TPhP is more abundant in the gill and intestine of fish. However, knowledge of the toxic effects and potential mechanisms of TPhP on the intestine and gill is limited. Herein, the adverse effects of TPhP (0.01, 0.1 and 1 mg/L) on the gills and intestines of zebrafish after 75 days of exposure were investigated from the perspectives of histology, oxidative stress and immune level. The histological results of exposed zebrafish showed that TPhP caused significant damage to gills and intestines. TPhP significantly increased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and glutathione s-transferase (GST), inducing oxidative damage to lipids, proteins, and DNA. Meanwhile, the immune function of the gills and intestines was significantly influenced by TPhP, as evidenced by the upregulation of the expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), upregulation of the content of complement 3 (C3) and complement 4 (C4), and downregulation of the activity of lysozyme (LZM) and the content of immunoglobulin M (IgM). Oxidative stress and the immune response were more severe in the gills. These findings indicate that TPhP, a typical OPE, caused tissue damage in aquatic organisms by inducing oxidative stress and immune damage and has strong environmental toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanrui Yu
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wuyue Wang
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shunsong Yang
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yaqian Gao
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Haiyan Hou
- Qinhuai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210001, China
| | - Jianqiu Chen
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ruixin Guo
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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4
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Chen S, Wang X, Ye X, Qin Y, Wang H, Liang Z, Zhu L, Zhou L, Martyniuk CJ, Yan B. Dopaminergic and serotoninergic neurotoxicity of lanthanide phosphate (TbPO 4) in developing zebrafish. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 340:139861. [PMID: 37597622 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Rare earth elements (REEs) are exploited for global use in manufacturing. Such activities result in their release into the environment and the transformation into more stable phosphate deposition. The objective of this study was to evaluate molecular and behavioral changes of zebrafish exposed to the synthesized terbium phosphate (TbPO4) at concentrations of 10, 20, and 50 mg/L and to determine its potential for neurotoxicity. Metabolomics related to neurotransmitters, and assessment of transcripts and proteins were conducted to uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying TbPO4 with emphasis on neurotransmitter systems. Exposure to 20 mg/L TbPO4 induced larval hyperactivity and perturbed the cholinergic system in zebrafish. Based on metabolomics related to neurotransmitters, dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), and many of their precursors and metabolites were decreased in abundance by TbPO4. In addition, the expression levels of transcripts related to the synthesis, transport, receptor binding, and metabolism of DA and 5-HT were analyzed at the mRNA and protein levels. Transcript and protein levels for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate-limiting enzyme for DA synthesis, were down-regulated in larval fish. Monoamine oxidase (MAO), an enzyme that catabolizes monoamines DA and 5-HT, was also reduced in mRNA abundance. We hypothesize that DA synthesis and monoamine metabolism are associated with behavioral alterations. This study elucidates putative mechanisms and exposure risks to wildlife and humans by characterizing phosphatic REE-induced neurotoxicity in developing zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siying Chen
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xiaolin Ye
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yingju Qin
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Haiqing Wang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Zhenda Liang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lishan Zhu
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, UF Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences in Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Bing Yan
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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5
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Zhang G, Luo W, Yang W, Li S, Li D, Zeng Y, Li Y. The importance of the
IL
‐1 family of cytokines in nanoimmunosafety and nanotoxicology. WIRES NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1850. [DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guofang Zhang
- Laboratory of Immunology and Nanomedicine Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China
| | - Wenhe Luo
- Laboratory of Immunology and Nanomedicine Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China
| | - Wenjie Yang
- Laboratory of Immunology and Nanomedicine Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China
| | - Su Li
- Laboratory of Immunology and Nanomedicine Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China
| | - Dongjie Li
- Laboratory of Immunology and Nanomedicine Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China
| | - Yanqiao Zeng
- Laboratory of Immunology and Nanomedicine Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China
| | - Yang Li
- Laboratory of Immunology and Nanomedicine Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China
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Cui L, Wang X, Zhao X, Sun B, Xia T, Hu S. CeO 2 nanoparticles induce pulmonary fibrosis via activating S1P pathway as revealed by metabolomics. NANO TODAY 2022; 45:101559. [PMID: 36910843 PMCID: PMC9997866 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2022.101559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) have been shown to cause lung fibrosis, however, the exact underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, we have conducted a mass spectrometry-based global metabolomic analysis of human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells treated by CeO2 NPs with different aspect ratios and assessed their toxicity on the bronchial epithelial cells by various cell-based functional assays. Although CeO2 NPs at doses ranging from 12.5 μg/mL to 25 μg/mL displayed low cytotoxicity on the bronchial epithelial cells, the metabolomic analysis revealed a number of metabolites in the cellular metabolic pathways of sphingosine-1-phosphate, fatty acid oxidation, inflammation, etc. were significantly altered by CeO2 NPs, especially those with high aspect ratios. More importantly, the robustness of metabolomics findings was further successfully validated in mouse models upon acute and chronic exposures to CeO2 NPs. Mechanistically, CeO2 NPs upregulated transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) levels in BEAS-2B cells in an aspect ratio-dependent manner through enhancing the expression of early growth response protein 1 (EGR-1). In addition, both in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that CeO2 NPs significantly induced the expression of sphingosine kinase 1 (SHPK1), phosphorylated Smad2/3 and lung fibrosis markers. Moreover, targeting SPHK1, TGFβ receptor or Smad3 phosphorylation significantly attenuated the fibrosis-promoting effects of CeO2 NPs, and SPHK1-S1P pathway exerted a greater effect on the TGF-β1-mediated lung fibrosis compared to the conventional Smad2/3 pathway. Collectively, our studies have identified the metabolomic changes in BEAS-2B cells exposed to CeO2 NPs with different aspect ratios and revealed the subtle changes in metabolic activities that traditional approaches might have missed. More importantly, we have discovered a previously unknown molecular mechanism underlying CeO2 NP-induced lung fibrosis with different aspect ratios, shedding new insights on the environmental hazard potential of CeO2 NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Cui
- School of Dentistry, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Xiang Wang
- Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), California NanoSystems Institute, Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Xinyuan Zhao
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Bingbing Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Tian Xia
- Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), California NanoSystems Institute, Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Shen Hu
- School of Dentistry, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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7
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Shahabi R, Dehghani M, Javad Moosavi SA, Shahabi B, Poordakan O, Sadeghi M, Aryan L, Ghasempoor A, Aghanasiri F, Mohseni M, Mehravi B. The effect of nanoparticles on pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and Meta-analysis of preclinical studies. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2022; 77:684-694. [PMID: 35244528 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2021.2001637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is a big ecumenical problem associated with public health around the world. The rapid development of nanotechnology worldwide resulted in a significant increase in human exposure with unknown particles, and ultimately leading to an increase in acute and chronic diseases. The effect of nanoparticles on pulmonary fibrosis has been reported in vivo and in vitro studies; however, the results are inconsistent. The present systematic review and meta-analysis of animal preclinical studies was conducted to assess the effect of nanoparticles on pulmonary fibrosis. A systematic search of online databases and gray literature as well as reference lists of retrieved studies was performed up to February 2019 to identify preclinical animal studies. Studies were assessed for methodological quality using the SYstematic Review Center for Laboratory animal Experimentation bias risk tool (SYRCLE's ROB tool). Pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) estimate with corresponding 95% CI was calculated using inverse-variance weights method while random effects meta-analysis was used, taking into account conceptual heterogeneity. To assess the robustness of pooled estimates as well as heterogeneity across studies, sensitivity analysis and Cochran Q statistic (with I2 statistic) was carried out using Stata 11.0. Of 6494 retrieved studies, 85 were reviewed in depth for eligibility. 16 studies met the criteria for inclusion in this systematic review. The meta-analysis was conducted on 10 studies which had reported the mean of TGF-β in 7 days after exposure by nanoparticles jointly (exposure compared to no exposure). Findings showed that exposure to nanoparticles significantly induced pulmonary fibrosis (SMD: 4.12, 95% CI: 2.57-5.67). A statistical heterogeneity was found [P < 0.001 (Q statistics), I2 = 83.0%] across studies. Nanoparticles were the most influencing in inducing pulmonary fibrosis in animal models. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated consistency of the results, indicating that the meta-analysis model was robust. Publication bias (using visual inspection and statistical tests) was unlikely in the association between nanoparticles and pulmonary fibrosis. We found that the nanoparticles significantly induce pulmonary fibrosis through increasing proinflammatory cytokine TGF-β and histopathological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Shahabi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Dehghani
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran
| | | | - Bahareh Shahabi
- Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Poordakan
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medical Nanotechnologies, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Sadeghi
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Leila Aryan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- R&D Division, Nanografi Co, METU, Technopolis, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alireza Ghasempoor
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medical Nanotechnologies, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Aghanasiri
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medical Nanotechnologies, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojdeh Mohseni
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bita Mehravi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medical Nanotechnologies, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Cao W, Wang X, Li J, Yan M, Chang CH, Kim J, Jiang J, Liao YP, Tseng S, Kusumoputro S, Lau C, Huang M, Han P, Lu P, Xia T. NLRP3 inflammasome activation determines the fibrogenic potential of PM 2.5 air pollution particles in the lung. J Environ Sci (China) 2022; 111:429-441. [PMID: 34949371 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is known to cause respiratory inflammation such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung fibrosis. NLRP3 inflammasome activation has been implicated in these diseases; however, due to the complexity in PM2.5 compositions, it is difficult to differentiate the roles of the components in triggering this pathway. We collected eight real-life PM2.5 samples for a comparative analysis of their effects on NLRP3 inflammasome activation and lung fibrosis. In vitro assays showed that although the PM2.5 particles did not induce significant cytotoxicity at the dose range of 12.5 to 100 µg/mL, they induced potent TNF-α and IL-1β production in PMA differentiated THP-1 human macrophages and TGF-β1 production in BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelial cells. At the dose of 100 µg/mL, PM2.5 induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation by inducing lysosomal damage and cathepsin B release, leading to IL-1β production. This was confirmed by using NLRP3- and ASC-deficient cells as well as a cathepsin B inhibitor, ca-074 ME. Administration of PM2.5 via oropharyngeal aspiration at 2 mg/kg induced significant TGF-β1 production in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and collagen deposition in the lung at 21 days post-exposure, suggesting PM2.5 has the potential to induce pulmonary fibrosis. The ranking of in vitro IL-1β production correlates well with the in vivo total cell count, TGF-β1 production, and collagen deposition. In summary, we demonstrate that the PM2.5 is capable of inducing NLRP3 inflammasome activation, which triggers a series of cellular responses in the lung to induce fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cao
- Translational Medical Center, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China.
| | - Xiang Wang
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, CA, United States.
| | - Jiulong Li
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, CA, United States
| | - Ming Yan
- Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chong Hyun Chang
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, CA, United States
| | - Joshua Kim
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, CA, United States
| | - Jinhong Jiang
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, CA, United States
| | - Yu-Pei Liao
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, CA, United States
| | - Shannon Tseng
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, CA, United States
| | - Sydney Kusumoputro
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, CA, United States
| | - Candice Lau
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, CA, United States
| | - Marissa Huang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, CA, United States
| | - Pengli Han
- Translational Medical Center, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Pengju Lu
- Translational Medical Center, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Tian Xia
- Translational Medical Center, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China; Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, CA, United States.
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9
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Zhang X, Xia M, Zhao J, Cao Z, Zou W, Zhou Q. Photoaging enhanced the adverse effects of polyamide microplastics on the growth, intestinal health, and lipid absorption in developing zebrafish. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 158:106922. [PMID: 34628252 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The safety of microplastics (MPs) and associated health effects has been one of the major concerns worldwide. However, the role of photoaging toward the risk of MPs in water ecosystems remains inconclusive yet. In this study, the size of polyamide (PA, ∼32.50 μm) MPs was obviously decreased after photoaging in water containing fulvic acid (FA) and humic acid (HA) (∼19.75 and ∼24.30 μm, respectively). Nanoplastics were formed (4.65% and 2.03%, respectively) and hydrophilia and colloidal stability was improved due to the formation of oxygen-containing functional groups. FA-aged PA exhibited higher inhibition on body length and weight of developing zebrafish than HA-aged and pristine PA. Photoaged MPs in intestine were more difficult to be depurated by zebrafish, leading to the disappearance of intestinal folding, shedding of more enterocytes, and emaciation of intestinal microvilli. Dietary lipid digestion in larvae was inhibited by aged PA due to oxidative stress-triggered lipid peroxidation and inhibition of lipase activities and bile acids secretion. Exposure of photoaged MPs down-regulated genes (cd36, dgat1a, dgat2, mttp, etc.) associated with triglyceride resynthesis and transportation, resulting in lipid maladsorption and growth inhibition. Our findings highlight the potential negative effects of environmentally aged MPs on diet digestion and nutrient assimilation in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingli Zhang
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Mengli Xia
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Jingyi Zhao
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Zhiguo Cao
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Wei Zou
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
| | - Qixing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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Lotfipour F, Shahi S, Farjami A, Salatin S, Mahmoudian M, Dizaj SM. Safety and Toxicity Issues of Therapeutically Used Nanoparticles from the Oral Route. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9322282. [PMID: 34746313 PMCID: PMC8570876 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9322282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The emerging science of nanotechnology sparked a research attention in its potential benefits in comparison to the conventional materials used. Oral products prepared via nanoparticles (NPs) have garnered great interest worldwide. They are used commonly to incorporate nutrients and provide antimicrobial activity. Formulation into NPs can offer opportunities for targeted drug delivery, improve drug stability in the harsh environment of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, increase drug solubility and bioavailability, and provide sustained release in the GI tract. However, some issues like the management of toxicity and safe handling of NPs are still debated and should be well concerned before their application in oral preparations. This article will help the reader to understand safety issues of NPs in oral drug delivery and provides some recommendations to the use of NPs in the drug industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Lotfipour
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shahriar Shahi
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Farjami
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sara Salatin
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Solmaz Maleki Dizaj
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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11
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Zhang X, Xia M, Su X, Yuan P, Li X, Zhou C, Wan Z, Zou W. Photolytic degradation elevated the toxicity of polylactic acid microplastics to developing zebrafish by triggering mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 413:125321. [PMID: 33582471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable plastics (BPs), as alternatives to conventional plastics, are increasingly consumed, but pose potential threats to aquatic ecosystems. In addition, the impact of natural aging on the toxicity of BPs is poorly understood. In this study, the photodegradation of polylactic acid (PLA, a typical BP) microplastics (MPs) under ultraviolet irradiation in water for 90 days was investigated, and the toxicities of virgin and degraded PLA to infantile zebrafish were compared. The results revealed that the size of MPs was reduced from ~25.56 to ~11.22 µm after degradation and nanoparticles were generated with a maximum yield of 7.13%. The formation of abundant oxygen-containing groups (i.e. C˭O and C-O-C) improved the hydrophilia and stability of MPs. Compared with pristine PLA, the efflux and detoxification of degraded PLA mediated by ABC transporters and P450 enzymes were slower, leading to higher bioaccumulation and skeletal development inhibition of zebrafish. Further, oxidative stress-triggered mitochondrial structural damage, depolarization, fission inhibition, and apoptosis were identified as crucial mechanisms underlying the elevated toxicity of PLA after degradation. These findings highlight the importance and necessity of considering natural degradation of BPs and related toxicity, which poses great implications for risk assessment and management of BPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingli Zhang
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
| | - Mengli Xia
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xiaojuan Su
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Peng Yuan
- Henan International Collaborative Laboratory for Health Effects and Intervention of Air Pollution, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Xiaokang Li
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Chunyu Zhou
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Zepeng Wan
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Wei Zou
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, International Joint Laboratory on Key Techniques in Water Treatment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
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Liu Y, Ma Y, Jiao C, Liu M, Luo W, Dong C, Fan S, He X, Yang F, Zhang Z. Comparative toxicity of rod-shaped nano-CeO2 and nano-CePO4 to lettuce. Metallomics 2021; 13:mfab033. [PMID: 34100933 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfab033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The influence of morphology on the biological effects of nanomaterials (NMs) has not been well understood. In the present study, we compared the phytotoxicity of rod-shaped nano-cerium dioxide (R-CeO2) and nano-cerium phosphate (R-CePO4) to lettuce plants. The results showed that R-CeO2 significantly inhibited the root elongation of lettuce, induced oxidative damages, and caused cell death, while R-CePO4 was nontoxic to lettuce. The different distribution and speciation of Ce in plant tissues were determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) combined with linear combination fitting (LCF). The results showed that in the R-CeO2 group, part of Ce was transformed from Ce(IV) to Ce(III), while only Ce(III) was present in the R-CePO4 group. When interacting with plants, R-CeO2 is easier to be dissolved and transformed than R-CePO4, which might be the reason for their different phytotoxicity. Although both are Ce-based NMs and have the same morphology, the toxicity of R-CeO2 seems to come from the released Ce3+ ions rather than its shape. This research emphasizes the importance of chemical composition and reactivity of NMs to their toxicological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabo Liu
- Hebei Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Technology & High Efficient Energy Saving, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Yuhui Ma
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health & Environment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunlei Jiao
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mengyao Liu
- Hebei Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Technology & High Efficient Energy Saving, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Wenhe Luo
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chaonan Dong
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shixian Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiao He
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health & Environment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Hebei Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Technology & High Efficient Energy Saving, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health & Environment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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13
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Milenković I, Radotić K, Despotović J, Lončarević B, Lješević M, Spasić SZ, Nikolić A, Beškoski VP. Toxicity investigation of CeO 2 nanoparticles coated with glucose and exopolysaccharides levan and pullulan on the bacterium Vibrio fischeri and aquatic organisms Daphnia magna and Danio rerio. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 236:105867. [PMID: 34052720 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cerium oxide nanoparticles (nCeO2) have widespread applications, but they can be hazardous to the environment. Some reports indicate the toxic effect of nCeO2 on tested animals, but literature data are mainly contradictory. Coating of nCeO2 can improve their suspension stability and change their interaction with the environment, which can consequently decrease their toxic effects. Herein, the exopolysaccharides levan and pullulan, due to their high water solubility, biocompatibility, and ability to form film, were used to coat nCeO2. Additionally, the monosaccharide glucose was used, since it is a common material for nanoparticle coating. This is the first study investigating the impact of carbohydrate-coated nCeO2 in comparison to uncoated nCeO2 using different model organisms. The aim of this study was to test the acute toxicity of carbohydrate-coated nCeO2 on the bacterium Vibrio fischeri NRRL B-11177, the crustacean Daphnia magna, and zebrafish Danio rerio. The second aim was to investigate the effects of nCeO2 on respiration in Daphnia magna which was performed for the first time. Finally, it was important to see the relation between Ce bioaccumulation in Daphnia magna and Danio rerio and other investigated parameters. Our results revealed that the coating decreased the toxicity of nCeO2 on Vibrio fischeri. The coating of nCeO2 did not affect the nanoparticles' accumulation/adsorption or mortality in Daphnia magna or Danio rerio. Monitoring of respiration in Daphnia magna revealed changes in CO2 production after exposure to coated nCeO2, while the crustacean's O2 consumption was not affected by any of the coated nCeO2. In summary, this study revealed that, at 200 mg L-1, uncoated and carbohydrate-coated nCeO2 are not toxic for the tested organisms, however, the CO2 production in Daphnia magna is different when they are treated with coated and uncoated nCeO2. The highest production was in glucose and levan-coated nCeO2 according to their highest suspension stability. Daphnia magna (D. magna), Danio rerio (D. rerio), Vibrio fischeri (V. fischeri).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Milenković
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Ksenija Radotić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovana Despotović
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11010 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branka Lončarević
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Lješević
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slađana Z Spasić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; Singidunum University, Danijelova 32, 11010 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Nikolić
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11010 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir P Beškoski
- University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
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Sun T, Kang Y, Liu J, Zhang Y, Ou L, Liu X, Lai R, Shao L. Nanomaterials and hepatic disease: toxicokinetics, disease types, intrinsic mechanisms, liver susceptibility, and influencing factors. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:108. [PMID: 33863340 PMCID: PMC8052793 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00843-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The widespread use of nanomaterials (NMs) has raised concerns that exposure to them may introduce potential risks to the human body and environment. The liver is the main target organ for NMs. Hepatotoxic effects caused by NMs have been observed in recent studies but have not been linked to liver disease, and the intrinsic mechanisms are poorly elucidated. Additionally, NMs exhibit varied toxicokinetics and induce enhanced toxic effects in susceptible livers; however, thus far, this issue has not been thoroughly reviewed. This review provides an overview of the toxicokinetics of NMs. We highlight the possibility that NMs induce hepatic diseases, including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, liver cancer, and metabolic disorders, and explore the underlying intrinsic mechanisms. Additionally, NM toxicokinetics and the potential induced risks in the livers of susceptible individuals, including subjects with liver disease, obese individuals, aging individuals and individuals of both sexes, are summarized. To understand how NM type affect their toxicity, the influences of the physicochemical and morphological (PCM) properties of NMs on their toxicokinetics and toxicity are also explored. This review provides guidance for further toxicological studies on NMs and will be important for the further development of NMs for applications in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Sun
- Foshan Stomatological Hospital, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China.
- Medical Center of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Yiyuan Kang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Lingling Ou
- Medical Center of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Xiangning Liu
- Medical Center of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Renfa Lai
- Medical Center of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
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15
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Rong J, He Y, Tang J, Qiao R, Lin S. "Fishing" nano-bio interactions at the key biological barriers. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:5954-5964. [PMID: 33734277 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr00328c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Understanding nano-bio interactions is pivotal to the safe implementation of nanotechnology for both biological and environmental applications. Zebrafish as a model organism provides unique opportunities to dissect nano-bio interactions occurring at different biological barriers. In this review, we focus on four key biological barriers, namely cell membrane, blood-brain barrier (BBB), skin and gill epithelia, and gastrointestinal tract (GIT), and highlight recent advancement achieved by using zebrafish to conduct both visualized observations and mechanistic investigations on a diversity of nano-bio interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Rong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Biomedical Multidisciplinary Innovation Research Institute, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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16
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Sol-gel synthesis, characterization, dielectric and anti-bacterial properties of soft ferromagnetic oxide system Gd4-xSr1+xFe5-xZnxO14+δ [0 ≤ x ≤ 0.45]. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2020.108432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Zhao Y, Qiao R, Zhang S, Wang G. Metabolomic profiling reveals the intestinal toxicity of different length of microplastic fibers on zebrafish (Danio rerio). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 403:123663. [PMID: 33264870 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
To explore the intestinal toxicity of microplastic fibers, zebrafish larvae and adults were exposed to different length of microplastic fibers (50 ± 26 μm and 200 ± 90 μm). After exposure, microplastic fibers were observed in the gut of zebrafish even at the early life stage, causing length-dependent intestinal damage and toxicities manifested by histopathological changes and biomarker responses. Long microplastic fibers induced more serious effects. They significantly decreased the food intake of zebrafish by 54 %-67 % compared with short microplastic fibers. Metabolomics was conducted to further reveal the metabolic alterations induced by microplastic fibers in zebrafish. A total of 124 and 123 metabolites were significantly changed by short and long microplastic fibers. At the meanwhile, 41 significantly changed metabolites were shared between short and long fibers treatment groups and were further investigated to reveal the influence of fiber length on the toxicity. The results demonstrate that microplastic fibers can up-regulate glycerophospholipids metabolism which exacerbates oxidative damage and inflammation and down-regulate fatty acyls metabolism related to nutritional deficiency. These novel findings enhance our understanding of the intestinal toxicity of microplastic fibers and demonstrate that metabolomics is powerful to unravel the underlying mechanisms of microplastics (MPs) toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Zhao
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Ruxia Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Siyuan Zhang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Guoxiang Wang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Lu YQ. Coagulation disorders following an accidental ingestion of cerium dioxide nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 82:103560. [PMID: 33290874 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Clinically, acute cerium dioxide poisoning or damage is very rare. Here, the investigator reported a case about the patient who accidental ingested cerium dioxide nanoparticles during work shift. The patient recovered well after the treatment with removal of cerium and restoring coagulation factor activity. The author also reviewed relative literatures to discuss the potential mechanism of coagulation disorders following cerium dioxide nanoparticles ingestion. This case is the first report in the world about acute oral poisoning due to cerium dioxide nanoparticles, with the exact exposure concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Qiang Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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Liu X, Tang I, Wainberg ZA, Meng H. Safety Considerations of Cancer Nanomedicine-A Key Step toward Translation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2000673. [PMID: 32406992 PMCID: PMC7486239 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202000673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The rate of translational effort of nanomedicine requires strategic planning of nanosafety research in order to enable clinical trials and safe use of nanomedicine in patients. Herein, the experiences that have emerged based on the safety data of classic liposomal formulations in the space of oncology are discussed, along with a description of the new challenges that need to be addressed according to the rapid expansion of nanomedicine platform beyond liposomes. It is valuable to consider the combined use of predictive toxicological assessment supported by deliberate investigation on aspects such as absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) and toxicokinetic profiles, the risk that may be introduced during nanomanufacture, unique nanomaterials properties, and nonobvious nanosafety endpoints, for example. These efforts will allow the generation of investigational new drug-enabling safety data that can be incorporated into a rational infrastructure for regulatory decision-making. Since the safety assessment relates to nanomaterials, the investigation should cover the important physicochemical properties of the material that may lead to hazards when the nanomedicine product is utilized in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangsheng Liu
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 90095 CA, USA
| | - Ivanna Tang
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zev A. Wainberg
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 90095 CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, 90095 CA, USA
| | - Huan Meng
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 90095 CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, 90095 CA, USA
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20
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Hosseini M, Mozafari M. Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles: Recent Advances in Tissue Engineering. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E3072. [PMID: 32660042 PMCID: PMC7411590 DOI: 10.3390/ma13143072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Submicron biomaterials have recently been found with a wide range of applications for biomedical purposes, mostly due to a considerable decrement in size and an increment in surface area. There have been several attempts to use innovative nanoscale biomaterials for tissue repair and tissue regeneration. One of the most significant metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs), with numerous potential uses in future medicine, is engineered cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles (CeONPs), also known as nanoceria. Although many advancements have been reported so far, nanotoxicological studies suggest that the nanomaterial's characteristics lie behind its potential toxicity. Particularly, physicochemical properties can explain the positive and negative interactions between CeONPs and biosystems at molecular levels. This review represents recent advances of CeONPs in biomedical engineering, with a special focus on tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In addition, a summary report of the toxicity evidence on CeONPs with a view toward their biomedical applications and physicochemical properties is presented. Considering the critical role of nanoengineering in the manipulation and optimization of CeONPs, it is expected that this class of nanoengineered biomaterials plays a promising role in the future of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motaharesadat Hosseini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 1591634311, Iran;
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran 1449614535, Iran
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21
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Cui X, Bao L, Wang X, Chen C. The Nano-Intestine Interaction: Understanding the Location-Oriented Effects of Engineered Nanomaterials in the Intestine. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1907665. [PMID: 32347646 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201907665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are used in food additives, food packages, and therapeutic purposes owing to their useful properties, Therefore, human beings are orally exposed to exogenous nanomaterials frequently, which means the intestine is one of the primary targets of nanomaterials. Consequently, it is of great importance to understand the interaction between nanomaterials and the intestine. When nanomaterials enter into gut lumen, they inevitably interact with various components and thereby display different effects on the intestine based on their locations; these are known as location-oriented effects (LOE). The intestinal LOE confer a new biological-effect profile for nanomaterials, which is dependent on the involvement of the following biological processes: nano-mucus interaction, nano-intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) interaction, nano-immune interaction, and nano-microbiota interaction. A deep understanding of NM-induced LOE will facilitate the design of safer NMs and the development of more efficient nanomedicine for intestine-related diseases. Herein, recent progress in this field is reviewed in order to better understand the LOE of nanomaterials. The distant effects of nanomaterials coupling with microbiota are also highlighted. Investigation of the interaction of nanomaterials with the intestine will stimulate other new research areas beyond intestinal nanotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Lin Bao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chunying Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- GBA Research Innovation Institute for Nanotechnology, Guangdong, 510700, China
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Wang X, Chang CH, Jiang J, Liu X, Li J, Liu Q, Liao YP, Li L, Nel AE, Xia T. Mechanistic Differences in Cell Death Responses to Metal-Based Engineered Nanomaterials in Kupffer Cells and Hepatocytes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2000528. [PMID: 32337854 PMCID: PMC7263057 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202000528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The mononuclear phagocyte system in the liver is a frequent target for nanoparticles (NPs). A toxicological profiling of metal-based NPs is performed in Kupffer cell (KC) and hepatocyte cell lines. Sixteen NPs are provided by the Nanomaterial Health Implications Research Consortium of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences to study the toxicological effects in KUP5 (KC) and Hepa 1-6 cells. Five NPs (Ag, CuO, ZnO, SiO2 , and V2 O5 ) exhibit cytotoxicity in both cell types, while SiO2 and V2 O5 induce IL-1β production in KC. Ag, CuO, and ZnO induced caspase 3 generated apoptosis in both cell types is accompanied by ion shedding and generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in both cell types. However, the cell death response to SiO2 in KC differs by inducing pyroptosis as a result of potassium efflux, caspase 1 activation, NLRP3 inflammasome assembly, IL-1β release, and cleavage of gasdermin-D. This releases pore-performing peptide fragments responsible for pyroptotic cell swelling. Interestingly, although V2 O5 induces IL-1β release and delays caspase 1 activation by vanadium ion interference in membrane Na+ /K+ adenosine triphosphate (ATP)ase activity, the major cell death mechanism in KC (and Hepa 1-6) is caspase 3 mediated apoptosis. These findings improve the understanding of the mechanisms of metal-based engineered nanomaterial (ENM) toxicity in liver cells toward comprehensive safety evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine; University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute; University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
| | - Chong Hyun Chang
- California NanoSystems Institute; University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
| | - Jinhong Jiang
- California NanoSystems Institute; University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
| | - Xiangsheng Liu
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine; University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
| | - Jiulong Li
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine; University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
| | - Qi Liu
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine; University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
| | - Yu-Pei Liao
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine; University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
| | - Linjiang Li
- California NanoSystems Institute; University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
| | - André E. Nel
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine; University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute; University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
| | - Tian Xia
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine; University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute; University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
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23
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Michalkova H, Skubalova Z, Sopha H, Strmiska V, Tesarova B, Dostalova S, Svec P, Hromadko L, Motola M, Macak JM, Adam V, Heger Z. Complex cytotoxicity mechanism of bundles formed from self-organised 1-D anodic TiO 2 nanotubes layers. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 388:122054. [PMID: 31954312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study reports on a comprehensive investigation of mechanisms of in vitro cytotoxicity of high aspect ratio (HAR) bundles formed from anodic TiO2 nanotube (TNT) layers. Comparative cytotoxicity studies were performed using two types of HAR TNTs (diameter of ∼110 nm), differing in initial thickness of the nanotubular layer (∼35 μm for TNTs-1 vs. ∼10 μm for TNTs-2). Using two types of epithelial cell lines (MDA-MB-231, HEK-293), it was found that nanotoxicity is highly cell-type dependent and plausibly associates with higher membrane fluidity and decreased rigidity of cancer cells enabling penetration of TNTs to the cell membrane towards disruption of membrane integrity and reorganization of cytoskeletal network. Upon penetration, TNTs dysregulated redox homeostasis followed by DNA fragmentation and apoptotic/necrotic cell death. Both TNTs exhibited haemolytic activity and rapidly activated polarization of RAW 264.7 macrophages. Throughout the whole study, TNTs-2 possessing a lower aspect ratio manifested significantly higher cytotoxic effects. Taken together, this is the first report comprehensively investigating the mechanisms underlying the nanotoxicity of bundles formed from self-organised 1-D anodic TNT layers. Except for description of nanotoxicity of industrially-interesting nanomaterials, the delineation of the nanotoxicity paradigm in cancer cells could serve as solid basis for future efforts in rational engineering of TNTs towards selective anticancer nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Michalkova
- Research Group for Molecular Biology and Nanomedicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czechia
| | - Zuzana Skubalova
- Research Group for Molecular Biology and Nanomedicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czechia
| | - Hanna Sopha
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czechia; Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Nam. Cs. Legii 565, CZ-530 02 Pardubice, Czechia
| | - Vladislav Strmiska
- Research Group for Molecular Biology and Nanomedicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czechia
| | - Barbora Tesarova
- Research Group for Molecular Biology and Nanomedicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czechia
| | - Simona Dostalova
- Research Group for Molecular Biology and Nanomedicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czechia; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czechia
| | - Pavel Svec
- Research Group for Molecular Biology and Nanomedicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czechia; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czechia
| | - Ludek Hromadko
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czechia; Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Nam. Cs. Legii 565, CZ-530 02 Pardubice, Czechia
| | - Martin Motola
- Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Nam. Cs. Legii 565, CZ-530 02 Pardubice, Czechia
| | - Jan M Macak
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czechia; Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Nam. Cs. Legii 565, CZ-530 02 Pardubice, Czechia
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Research Group for Molecular Biology and Nanomedicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czechia; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czechia
| | - Zbynek Heger
- Research Group for Molecular Biology and Nanomedicine, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czechia; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czechia.
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24
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Bakshi MS. Impact of nanomaterials on ecosystems: Mechanistic aspects in vivo. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 182:109099. [PMID: 31901674 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.109099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnologies are becoming increasingly popular in modern era of human development in every aspect of life. Their impact on our ecosystem in air, soil, and water is largely unknown because of the limited amount of information available, and hence, they require considerable attention. This account highlights the important routes of nanomaterials toxicity in air, soil, and water, their possible impact on the ecosystem and aquatic life. The mechanistic aspects have been focused on the size, shape, and surface modifications of nanomaterials. The preventive measures and future directions along with appropriate designs and implementation of nanotechnologies have been proposed so as to minimize the interactions of nanomaterials with terrestrial flora and aquatic life. Specifically, the focus largely remains on the toxicity of metallic nanoparticles such as gold (Au) and silver (Ag) because of their applications in diverse fields. The account lists some prominent mechanistic routes of nanotoxicity along with in vivo experimental results based on the fundamental understanding that how nanometallic surfaces interact with plant as well as animal biological systems. The appropriate modifications of the nanometallic surfaces with biocompatible molecules are considered to be the most effective preventive measures to reduce the nanotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep Singh Bakshi
- Department of Chemistry, Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Green Bay, 2420 Nicolet Drive, Green Bay, WI, 54311-7001, USA.
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25
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Zebrafish Larvae Phenotype Classification from Bright-field Microscopic Images Using a Two-Tier Deep-Learning Pipeline. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10041247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Classification of different zebrafish larvae phenotypes is useful for studying the environmental influence on embryo development. However, the scarcity of well-annotated training images and fuzzy inter-phenotype differences hamper the application of machine-learning methods in phenotype classification. This study develops a deep-learning approach to address these challenging problems. A convolutional network model with compressed separable convolution kernels is adopted to address the overfitting issue caused by insufficient training data. A two-tier classification pipeline is designed to improve the classification accuracy based on fuzzy phenotype features. Our method achieved an averaged accuracy of 91% for all the phenotypes and maximum accuracy of 100% for some phenotypes (e.g., dead and chorion). We also compared our method with the state-of-the-art methods based on the same dataset. Our method obtained dramatic accuracy improvement up to 22% against the existing method. This study offers an effective deep-learning solution for classifying difficult zebrafish larvae phenotypes based on very limited training data.
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26
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Kini S, Badekila AK, Barh D, Sharma A. Cellular and Organismal Toxicity of Nanoparticles and Its Associated Health Concerns. Nanobiomedicine (Rij) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-32-9898-9_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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27
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Yin L, Liu H, Cui H, Chen B, Li L, Wu F. Impacts of polystyrene microplastics on the behavior and metabolism in a marine demersal teleost, black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 380:120861. [PMID: 31288171 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.120861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
After nano- (0.5 μm) or micro- (15 μm) polystyrene (PS) microplastics exposure, the behavior, metabolism and energy reserve in marine demersal fish (Sebastes schlegelii) were evaluated. The behavior of fish was accurately recorded by video behavior tracking technology. Results showed that changes in behavior (e.g. cluster, the reduction of swimming speed and range of movement) were significantly greater in 15-μm PS-exposed fish, which may affect hunting behavior and exploration competence. Oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion of fish was significantly greater in 15-μm PS treatment than in 0.5-μm PS treatment, suggesting respiration and metabolism stress. Moreover, the abnormal behavior, respiration and ammonia excretion of PS-exposed fish had recovered modestly. In addition, abnormal symptoms of bile, liver and lumen of intestine were detected in 15-μm PS exposure. Importantly, the growth and gross energy of fish were reduced in 15-μm PS exposure than 0.5-μm PS exposure. Both 0.5-μm and 15-μm PS exposures led to significantly lower protein and lipid contents, suggesting energy reserve and nutrition quality reduction of fish. Overall, microplastics had the negative impact at greater levels than nanoplastics. Altered behavior, energy reserve and nutritional quality of fish indicated the potential risk on biological functions, the development of fishery and food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Yin
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shi jiazhuang 050024, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China.
| | - Haiyan Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shi jiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Hongwu Cui
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Bijuan Chen
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Lingli Li
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shi jiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Fan Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shi jiazhuang 050024, China
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28
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Wang X, Chang CH, Jiang J, Liu Q, Liao YP, Lu J, Li L, Liu X, Kim J, Ahmed A, Nel AE, Xia T. The Crystallinity and Aspect Ratio of Cellulose Nanomaterials Determine Their Pro-Inflammatory and Immune Adjuvant Effects In Vitro and In Vivo. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1901642. [PMID: 31461215 PMCID: PMC6800804 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201901642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nanocellulose is increasingly considered for applications; however, the fibrillar nature, crystalline phase, and surface reactivity of these high aspect ratio nanomaterials need to be considered for safe biomedical use. Here a comprehensive analysis of the impact of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) and nanocrystals (CNC) is performed using materials provided by the Nanomaterial Health Implications Research Consortium of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. An intermediary length of nanocrystals is also derived by acid hydrolysis. While all CNFs and CNCs are devoid of cytotoxicity, 210 and 280 nm fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled CNCs show higher cellular uptake than longer and shorter CNCs or CNFs. Moreover, CNCs in the 200-300 nm length scale are more likely to induce lysosomal damage, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and IL-1β production than CNFs. The pro-inflammatory effects of CNCs are correlated with higher crystallinity index, surface hydroxyl density, and reactive oxygen species generation. In addition, CNFs and CNCs can induce maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells and CNCs (and to a lesser extent CNFs) are found to exert adjuvant effects in ovalbumin (OVA)-injected mice, particularly for 210 and 280 nm CNCs. All considered, the data demonstrate the importance of length scale, crystallinity, and surface reactivity in shaping the innate immune response to nanocellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
| | - Chong Hyun Chang
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
| | - Jinhong Jiang
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
| | - Qi Liu
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
| | - Yu-Pei Liao
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
| | - Jianqin Lu
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
| | - Linjiang Li
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
| | - Xiangsheng Liu
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
| | - Joshua Kim
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
| | - Ayman Ahmed
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
| | - André E. Nel
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
| | - Tian Xia
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States, United States
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29
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Osman NM, Sexton DW, Saleem IY. Toxicological assessment of nanoparticle interactions with the pulmonary system. Nanotoxicology 2019; 14:21-58. [PMID: 31502904 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2019.1661043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticle(NP)-based materials have breakthrough applications in many fields of life, such as in engineering, communications and textiles industries; food and bioenvironmental applications; medicines and cosmetics, etc. Biomedical applications of NPs are very active areas of research with successful translation to pharmaceutical and clinical uses overcoming both pharmaceutical and clinical challenges. Although the attractiveness and enhanced applications of these NPs stem from their exceptional properties at the nanoscale size, i.e. 1-1000 nm, they exhibit completely different physicochemical profiles and, subsequently, toxicological profiles from their parent bulk materials. Hence, the clinical evaluation and toxicological assessment of NPs interactions within biological systems are continuously evolving to ensure their safety at the nanoscale. The pulmonary system is one of the primary routes of exposure to airborne NPs either intentionally, via aerosolized nanomedicines targeting pulmonary pathologies such as cancer or asthma, or unintentionally, via natural NPs and anthropogenic (man-made) NPs. This review presents the state-of-the-art, contemporary challenges, and knowledge gaps in the toxicological assessment of NPs interactions with the pulmonary system. It highlights the main mechanisms of NP toxicity, factors influencing their toxicity, the different toxicological assessment methods and their drawbacks, and the recent NP regulatory guidelines based on literature collected from the research pool of NPs interactions with lung cell lines, in vivo inhalation studies, and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashwa M Osman
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Darren W Sexton
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Imran Y Saleem
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
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30
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Cabellos J, Delpivo C, Vázquez-Campos S, Janer G. In vitro assessment of CeO2 nanoparticles effects on intestinal microvilli morphology. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 59:70-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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31
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Nanomaterials meet zebrafish: Toxicity evaluation and drug delivery applications. J Control Release 2019; 311-312:301-318. [PMID: 31446084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid development of engineered nanomaterials for various applications, in vivo toxicological studies for evaluating the potential hazardous effects of nanomaterials on environmental and human safety are in urgent need. Zebrafish has long been considered as the "gold standard" for biosafety assessments of chemicals and pollutants due to its high fecundity, cost-effectiveness, well-characterized developmental stages, optical transparency, and so forth. Thus, zebrafish holds great potential for high-throughput nanotoxicity screening. In this review, we summarize the in vivo toxicological profiles of different nanomaterials, including Ag nanoparticles (NPs), CuO NPs, silica NPs, polymeric NPs, quantum dots, nanoscale metal-organic frameworks, etc, in zebrafish and focus on how the physicochemical properties (e.g., size, surface charge, and surface chemistry) of these nanomaterials influence their biosafety. In addition, we also report the recent advances of the in vivo delivery of nanopharmaceuticals using zebrafish as the model organism for therapeutic assessment, biodistribution tracking, and the controlled release of loaded drugs. Limitations and special considerations of zebrafish model are also discussed. Overall, zebrafish is expected to serve as a high-throughput screening platform for nanotoxicity and drug delivery assessment, which may instruct the design of safe nanomaterials and more effective nanomedicines.
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32
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Tan E, Li BL, Ariga K, Lim CT, Garaj S, Leong DT. Toxicity of Two-Dimensional Layered Materials and Their Heterostructures. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:2287-2299. [PMID: 31381854 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional layered materials (2D LMs) are taking the scientific world by storm. Graphene epitomizes 2D LMs with many interesting properties and corresponding applications. Following the footsteps of graphene, many other types of 2D LMs such as transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorus, and graphitic-phase C3N4 nanosheets are emerging to be equally interesting as graphene and its derivatives. Some of these applications such as nanomedicine do have a high probability of human exposure. This review focuses on the biological and toxicity effects of 2D LMs and their associated mechanisms linking their chemistries to their biological end points. This review aims to help researchers to predict and mitigate any toxic effects. With understanding, redesign of newer and safer 2D LMs becomes possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eveline Tan
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117585 , Singapore
| | - Bang Lin Li
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117585 , Singapore.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southwest University , Chongqing 400715 , P. R. China
| | - Katsuhiko Ariga
- WPI-MANA , National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) , 1-1 Namiki , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0044 , Japan.,Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha , Kashiwa , Chiba 277-8561 , Japan
| | - Chwee-Teck Lim
- Department of Physics , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117542 , Singapore.,Department of Biomedical Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117575 , Singapore.,Centre for Advanced 2D Materials , Graphene Research Centre , Singapore 117546 , Singapore.,NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117456 , Singapore.,Mechanobiology Institute , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117411 , Singapore
| | - Slaven Garaj
- Department of Physics , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117542 , Singapore.,Department of Biomedical Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117575 , Singapore.,Centre for Advanced 2D Materials , Graphene Research Centre , Singapore 117546 , Singapore
| | - David Tai Leong
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117585 , Singapore.,NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117456 , Singapore
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33
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Khan B, Adeleye AS, Burgess RM, Smolowitz R, Russo SM, Ho KT. A 72-h exposure study with eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) and the nanomaterial graphene oxide. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2019; 38:820-830. [PMID: 30667076 PMCID: PMC6580423 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is a 2-dimensional nanomaterial with unique mechanical, thermal, electrical, and optical properties. With increasing applications of graphene-family nanomaterials (GFNs) in electronics, biomedicine, and surface coatings, concern for their impacts on aquatic ecosystems is rising. Current information on the toxicity of GFNs, including graphene oxide, is scarce. Filter-feeding bivalves, such as eastern oysters, are good models for nanomaterial exposure studies. We present results from a 72-h static renewal oyster study using 1 and 10 mg/L graphene oxide, which, to our knowledge, is the first report on in vivo effects of graphene oxide exposures in marine bivalves. Water samples were analyzed for graphene oxide concentration and size assessments. Gill and digestive gland tissues were evaluated for lipid peroxidation and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity. In addition, gill sections were fixed for histopathological analyses. Elevated lipid peroxidation was noted in oysters exposed to 10 mg/L graphene oxide. No significant changes in GST activity were observed, but reduced total protein levels were found in digestive gland tissues of exposed oysters at both concentrations. Loss of mucous cells, hemocytic infiltration, and vacuolation were observed in gills of exposed oysters. The results indicate that short-term graphene oxide exposures can induce oxidative stress and epithelial inflammation and adversely affect overall oyster health. Further investigations regarding the fate and sublethal effects of graphene oxide are critical to understanding the risks associated with a rapidly growing graphene consumer market. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:820-830. Published 2019 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Khan
- National Research Council Postdoctoral Research Associate, US Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
- corresponding author: Bushra Khan,
| | - Adeyemi S. Adeleye
- National Research Council Postdoctoral Research Associate, US Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Robert M. Burgess
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
| | | | - Stephen M. Russo
- Oak Ridge Associated Universities Student Services Contractor, US Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Kay T. Ho
- US Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
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34
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Gao C, Jin Y, Jia G, Suo X, Liu H, Liu D, Yang X, Ge K, Liang XJ, Wang S, Zhang J. Y 2O 3 Nanoparticles Caused Bone Tissue Damage by Breaking the Intracellular Phosphate Balance in Bone Marrow Stromal Cells. ACS NANO 2019; 13:313-323. [PMID: 30571089 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b06211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Y2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) have become great promising products for numerous applications in nanoscience especially for biomedical application, therefore increasing the probability of human exposure and gaining wide attention in biosecurity. It is well known that rare earth (RE) materials are deposited in the bone and excreted very slowly. Nevertheless, the effect of Y2O3-based NPs on bone metabolism has not been exactly known yet. In the present study, the effects of Y2O3 NPs on bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and bone metabolism in mice after intravenous injection were studied. The results demonstrated that Y2O3 NPs could be taken up into BMSCs and localized in acidifying intracellular lysosomes and underwent dissolution and transformation from Y2O3 to YPO4, which could lead to a break in the intracellular phosphate balance and induce lysosomal- and mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis pathways. Furthermore, after being administered to mice, a higher concentration of yttrium occurred in bone, which caused the apoptosis of bone cells and induced the destruction of bone structure. However, the formation of a YPO4 coating on the surface of Y2O3 NPs by pretreatment of Y2O3 NPs in lysosome-simulated body fluid could observably decrease the toxicity in vivo and in vitro. This study may be useful for practical application of Y2O3 NPs in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyue Gao
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education , Hebei University , Baoding 071002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Jin
- College of Medical Science , Hebei University , Baoding 071002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Jia
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education , Hebei University , Baoding 071002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Suo
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education , Hebei University , Baoding 071002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Huifang Liu
- College of Pharmacy , Hebei University , Baoding 071002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Liu
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education , Hebei University , Baoding 071002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xinjian Yang
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education , Hebei University , Baoding 071002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Ge
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education , Hebei University , Baoding 071002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, and National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxiang Wang
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education , Hebei University , Baoding 071002 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jinchao Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education , Hebei University , Baoding 071002 , People's Republic of China
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Hwang R, Mirshafiee V, Zhu Y, Xia T. Current approaches for safer design of engineered nanomaterials. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 166:294-300. [PMID: 30273853 PMCID: PMC6192839 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.09.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The surge of applications for engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) across multiple industries raises safety concerns regarding human health and environmental impacts. ENMs can be hazardous through various mechanisms, including, particle dissolution and shedding of toxic metal ions, surface reactivity and perturbation of cellular membranes, lysosomal membrane damage, activation of inflammation pathways (e.g., NLRP3 inflammasome), etc. The aim of this review is therefore to discuss practical approaches for the safer design of ENMs through modification of their physicochemical properties that can lead to acute and/or chronic toxicity. This is premised on our understanding of how different ENMs induce toxicity within various biological systems. We will summarize studies that have investigated nanomaterial toxicity both in vitro and in vivo to understand the underlying mechanisms by which nanoparticles can cause inflammation, fibrosis, and cell death. With this knowledge, researchers have identified several design strategies to counter these mechanisms of toxicity. In particular, we will discuss how metal doping, surface coating and covalent functionalization, and adjustment of surface oxidation state and aspect ratio of ENMs could reduce their potential adverse effects. While these strategies might be effective under certain experimental and exposure scenarios, more research is required to fully apply this knowledge in real life applications of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Hwang
- Fielding School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Science, University of California Los Angeles, Center for Health Sciences, 650 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Vahid Mirshafiee
- Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States; Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Yifang Zhu
- Fielding School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Science, University of California Los Angeles, Center for Health Sciences, 650 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Tian Xia
- Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States; Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States.
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36
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Cai X, Dong J, Liu J, Zheng H, Kaweeteerawat C, Wang F, Ji Z, Li R. Multi-hierarchical profiling the structure-activity relationships of engineered nanomaterials at nano-bio interfaces. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4416. [PMID: 30356046 PMCID: PMC6200803 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06869-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing concerns over the possible risks of nanotechnology necessitates breakthroughs in structure-activity relationship (SAR) analyses of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) at nano-bio interfaces. However, current nano-SARs are often based on univariate assessments and fail to provide tiered views on ENM-induced bio-effects. Here we report a multi-hierarchical nano-SAR assessment for a representative ENM, Fe2O3, by metabolomics and proteomics analyses. The established nano-SAR profile allows the visualizing of the contributions of seven basic properties of Fe2O3 to its diverse bio-effects. For instance, although surface reactivity is responsible for Fe2O3-induced cell migration, the inflammatory effects of Fe2O3 are determined by aspect ratio (nanorods) or surface reactivity (nanoplates). These nano-SARs are examined in THP-1 cells and animal lungs, which allow us to decipher the detailed mechanisms including NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1-dependent signaling. This study provides more insights for nano-SARs, and may facilitate the tailored design of ENMs to render them desired bio-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, School of Public Health, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Jun Dong
- Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, Hubei 430000 China
| | - Jing Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R&A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dalian, 116023 China
| | - Huizhen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, School of Public Health, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Chitrada Kaweeteerawat
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Klong Nueng, 12120 Thailand
| | - Fangjun Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R&A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dalian, 116023 China
| | - Zhaoxia Ji
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Living Proof, Inc., Cambridge, MA 02142 United States
| | - Ruibin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, School of Public Health, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123 China
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Yin L, Chen B, Xia B, Shi X, Qu K. Polystyrene microplastics alter the behavior, energy reserve and nutritional composition of marine jacopever (Sebastes schlegelii). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 360:97-105. [PMID: 30098534 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.07.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Uptake and toxicity of microplastics on marine organisms have been reported elsewhere. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the ecological effects of microplastics on marine organisms. In this study, we investigated the effects of polystyrene microplastics (1 × 106 microspheres per L) on the behavior, energy reserve and nutritional composition of juvenile jacopever (Sebastes schlegelii). Compared to the controls, fish treated by microplastics showed lower sensitivity toward the added food in the tank, and increased foraging time, indicating that microplastics significantly weakened feeding activity of the fish. Interestingly, the microplastics treated-fish obviously reduced swimming speed and range of movement, demonstrating that polystyrene microplastics could have negative effect on hunting behavior. Furthermore, polystyrene microplastics accumulated in the gills and intestine, causing significant histopathological changes in the gallbladder and liver. Moreover, the energy reserve and nutritional quality of fish were influenced by microplastics as evidenced by lower growth, protein and lipid contents. Our results highlighted the potential negative effects of microplastics on marine ecological function and food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Yin
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Bijuan Chen
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Bin Xia
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Xiaotao Shi
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Keming Qu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
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38
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Liu Q, Wang X, Xia T. Creative use of analytical techniques and high-throughput technology to facilitate safety assessment of engineered nanomaterials. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:6097-6111. [PMID: 30066194 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1289-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid development and numerous applications of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in science and technology, their impact on environmental health and safety should be considered carefully. This requires an effective platform to investigate the potential adverse effects and hazardous biological outcomes of numerous nanomaterials and their formulations. We consider predictive toxicology a rational approach for this effort, which utilizes mechanism-based in vitro high-throughput screening (HTS) to make predictions on ENMs' adverse outcomes in vivo. Moreover, this approach is able to link the physicochemical properties of ENMs to toxicity that allows the development of structure-activity relationships (SARs). To build this predictive platform, extensive analytical and bioanalytical techniques and tools are required. In this review, we described the predictive toxicology approach and the accompanying analytical and bioanalytical techniques. In addition, we elaborated several successful examples as a result of using the predictive approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Center of Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Xiang Wang
- Center of Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Tian Xia
- Center of Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. .,California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. .,Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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39
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Meng H, Leong W, Leong KW, Chen C, Zhao Y. Walking the line: The fate of nanomaterials at biological barriers. Biomaterials 2018; 174:41-53. [PMID: 29778981 PMCID: PMC5984195 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Biological systems have developed an efficient multi-tiered defense system to block foreign substances such as engineered nanomaterials (NMs) from causing damage. In a pathological scenario, the disease itself may also pose additional barriers due to the imbalance between abnormal cells and their surrounding microenvironment, and NMs could behave similarly or differently to classic foreign substances, depending on their unique characteristics. Thus, understanding the mechanisms that govern the fate of NMs against these biological barriers, including the strategies that can be used to shift their fate between access and blockage, become key information for NMs design. In this manuscript, we first describe the biological barriers that NMs may encounter, and further discuss how these biological barrier interactions could shift the fate of NMs between toxicity and therapeutic potential. A list of effects that may influence NMs access at nano/bio interface are presented and discussed, followed by personal insights on the important nano/bio topics that require additional research for a better understanding of NM/biological barrier interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Meng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanosciences and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China; Department of Medicine, Division of NanoMedicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Wei Leong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10025, USA
| | - Kam W Leong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10025, USA
| | - Chunying Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanosciences and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China; Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanosciences and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China; Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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40
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Yu T, Jiang Y, Lin S. A 3-dimensional (3D)-printed Template for High Throughput Zebrafish Embryo Arraying. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 29912199 DOI: 10.3791/57892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish is a globally recognized fresh water organism frequently used in developmental biology, environmental toxicology, and human disease related research fields. Thanks to its unique features, including large fecundity, embryo translucency, rapid and simultaneous development, etc., zebrafish embryos are often used for large scale toxicity assessment of chemicals and drug/compound screening. A typical screening procedure involves adult zebrafish spawning, embryos selection, and arraying the embryos into multi-well plates. From there, embryos are subjected to exposure and the toxicity of chemical, or the effectiveness of the drugs/compounds can be evaluated relatively quickly based on phenotypic observations. Among these processes, embryos arraying is one of the most time-consuming and labor-intensive steps that limits the throughput level. In this protocol, we present an innovative approach that makes use of a 3D-printed arraying template coupled with vacuum manipulation to speed up this laborious step. The protocol herein describes the overall design of the arraying template, a detailed experimental setup and step-by-step procedure, followed by representative results. When implemented, this approach should prove beneficial in a variety of research applications using zebrafish embryos as testing subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Yu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University; UNEP-Tongji Institute of Environment for Sustainable Development, Tongji University
| | - Yue Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University
| | - Sijie Lin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University;
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Mirshafiee V, Sun B, Chang CH, Liao YP, Jiang W, Jiang J, Liu X, Wang X, Xia T, Nel AE. Toxicological Profiling of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Liver Context Reveals Pyroptosis in Kupffer Cells and Macrophages versus Apoptosis in Hepatocytes. ACS NANO 2018; 12:3836-3852. [PMID: 29543433 PMCID: PMC5946698 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b01086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The liver and the mononuclear phagocyte system are a frequent target for engineered nanomaterials, either as a result of particle uptake and spread from primary exposure sites or systemic administration of therapeutic and imaging nanoparticles. In this study, we performed a comparative analysis of the toxicological impact of 29 metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs), some commonly used in consumer products, in transformed or primary Kupffer cells (KCs) and hepatocytes. We not only observed differences between KCs and hepatocytes, but also differences in the toxicological profiles of transition-metal oxides (TMOs, e. g., Co3O4) versus rare-earth oxide (REO) NPs ( e. g., Gd2O3). While pro-oxidative TMOs induced the activation of caspases 3 and 7, resulting in apoptotic cell death in both cell types, REOs induced lysosomal damage, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, caspase 1 activation, and pyroptosis in KCs. Pyroptosis was accompanied by cell swelling, membrane blebbing, IL-1β release, and increased membrane permeability, which could be reversed by knockdown of the pore forming protein, gasdermin D. Though similar features were not seen in hepatocytes, the investigation of the cytotoxic effects of REO NPs could also be seen to affect macrophage cell lines such as J774A.1 and RAW 264.7 cells as well as bone marrow-derived macrophages. These phagocytic cell types also demonstrated features of pyroptosis and increased IL-1β production. Collectively, these findings demonstrate important mechanistic considerations that can be used for safety evaluation of metal oxides, including commercial products that are developed from these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Mirshafiee
- Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave., Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Bingbing Sun
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave., Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Rd., Dalian 116024, China
| | - Chong Hyun Chang
- Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yu Pei Liao
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave., Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Wen Jiang
- Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jinhong Jiang
- Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Xiangsheng Liu
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave., Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Xiang Wang
- Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Tian Xia
- Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave., Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Address correspondence to: ;
| | - André E. Nel
- Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave., Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Address correspondence to: ;
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Hussain S, Kodavanti PP, Marshburg JD, Janoshazi A, Marinakos SM, George M, Rice A, Wiesner MR, Garantziotis S. Decreased Uptake and Enhanced Mitochondrial Protection Underlie Reduced Toxicity of Nanoceria in Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2018; 12:2139-50. [PMID: 29368911 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2016.2320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cerium dioxide nanoparticles (nanoceria), currently used as catalysts including additives to diesel fuel, also present potential as a novel therapeutic agent for disorders involving oxidative stress. However, little is known about the effects of nanoceria on primary human cells involved in the innate immune response. Here, we evaluate nanoceria effects on monocyte derived macrophages (MDMs) from healthy human subjects. Peripheral blood monocytes were isolated from healthy human volunteers. MDMs were obtained by maturing monocytes over a five-day period. MDMs were exposed to well-characterized nanoceria suspensions (0, 5, 10, 20 μg/mL) for 24 or 48 hours. We evaluated particle uptake, ultrastructural changes, cytotoxicity, and mitochondrial damage in MDMs through transmission electron microscopy (TEM), confocal imaging, flow cytometry, spectrometry, western blots, and immunofluorescence techniques. The role that intracellular concentration of nanoceria plays in the toxicity of MDMs was evaluated by 3D image analysis and compared to monocytes as a nanoceria sensitive cell model. Nanoceria failed to induce cytotoxicity in MDMs at the tested doses. Nanoceria-exposed MDMs showed no mitochondrial damage and displayed significant accumulation of anti-apoptotic proteins (Mcl-1 and Bcl-2) during the maturation process. TEM and confocal analyses revealed efficient uptake of nanoceria by MDMs, however 3D image analyses revealed lower nanoceria accumulation per unit cell volume in MDMs compared to monocytes. Taken together, our results suggest that mitochondrial protection and reduced volume-corrected intracellular nanoparticle concentration account for the lower sensitivity of human MDMs to nanoceria.
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Manshian BB, Poelmans J, Saini S, Pokhrel S, Grez JJ, Himmelreich U, Mädler L, Soenen SJ. Nanoparticle-induced inflammation can increase tumor malignancy. Acta Biomater 2018; 68:99-112. [PMID: 29274476 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials, such as aluminum oxide, have been regarded with high biomedical promise as potential immune adjuvants in favor of their bulk counterparts. For pathophysiological conditions where elevated immune activity already occurs, the contribution of nanoparticle-activated immune reactions remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effect of spherical and wire-shaped aluminum oxide nanoparticles on primary splenocytes and observed a clear pro-inflammatory effect of both nanoparticles, mainly for the high aspect ratio nanowires. The nanoparticles resulted in a clear activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, and also secreted transforming growth factor β. When cancer cells were exposed to these cytokines, this resulted in an increased level of epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition, a hallmark for cancer metastasis, which did not occur when the cancer cells were directly exposed to the nanoparticles themselves. Using a syngeneic tumor model, the level of inflammation and degree of lung metastasis were significantly increased when the animals were exposed to the nanoparticles, particularly for the nanowires. This effect could be abrogated by treating the animals with inflammatory inhibitors. Collectively, these data indicate that the interaction of nanoparticles with immune cells can have secondary effects that may aggravate pathophysiological conditions, such as cancer malignancy, and conditions must be carefully selected to finely tune the induced aspecific inflammation into cancer-specific antitumor immunity. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Many different types of nanoparticles have been shown to possess immunomodulatory properties, depending on their physicochemical parameters. This can potentially be harnessed as a possible antitumor therapy. However, in the current work we show that inflammation elicited by nanomaterials can have grave effects in pathophysiological conditions, where non-specific inflammation was found to increase cancer cell mobility and tumor malignancy. These data show that immunomodulatory properties of nanomaterials must be carefully controlled to avoid any undesired side-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bella B Manshian
- Biomedical MRI Unit/MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jennifer Poelmans
- Biomedical MRI Unit/MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Shweta Saini
- Biomedical MRI Unit/MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Suman Pokhrel
- Foundation Institute of Materials Science (IWT), Department of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Julio Jiménez Grez
- Organ Systems, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Uwe Himmelreich
- Biomedical MRI Unit/MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lutz Mädler
- Foundation Institute of Materials Science (IWT), Department of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Stefaan J Soenen
- Biomedical MRI Unit/MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Amorim MJB, Lin S, Schlich K, Navas JM, Brunelli A, Neubauer N, Vilsmeier K, Costa AL, Gondikas A, Xia T, Galbis L, Badetti E, Marcomini A, Hristozov D, Kammer FVD, Hund-Rinke K, Scott-Fordsmand JJ, Nel A, Wohlleben W. Environmental Impacts by Fragments Released from Nanoenabled Products: A Multiassay, Multimaterial Exploration by the SUN Approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:1514-1524. [PMID: 29376638 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b04122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanoenabled products (NEPs) have numerous outdoor uses in construction, transportation or consumer scenarios, and there is evidence that their fragments are released in the environment at low rates. We hypothesized that the lower surface availability of NEPs fragment reduced their environmental effects with respect to pristine nanomaterials. This hypothesis was explored by testing fragments generated by intentional micronisation ("the SUN approach"; Nowack et al. Meeting the Needs for Released Nanomaterials Required for Further Testing: The SUN Approach. Environmental Science & Technology, 2016 (50), 2747). The NEPs were composed of four matrices (epoxy, polyolefin, polyoxymethylene, and cement) with up to 5% content of three nanomaterials (carbon nanotubes, iron oxide, and organic pigment). Regardless of the type of nanomaterial or matrix used, it was observed that nanomaterials were only partially exposed at the NEP fragment surface, indicating that mostly the intrinsic and extrinsic properties of the matrix drove the NEP fragment toxicity. Ecotoxicity in multiple assays was done covering relevant media from terrestrial to aquatic, including sewage treatment plant (biological activity), soil worms (Enchytraeus crypticus), and fish (zebrafish embryo and larvae and trout cell lines). We designed the studies to explore the possible modulation of ecotoxicity by nanomaterial additives in plastics/polymer/cement, finding none. The results support NEPs grouping by the matrix material regarding ecotoxicological effect during the use phase. Furthermore, control results on nanomaterial-free polymer fragments representing microplastic had no significant adverse effects up to the highest concentration tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica J B Amorim
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro , 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sijie Lin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University , Shanghai 200092, China
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Karsten Schlich
- Department of Ecotoxicology, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology , Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392 Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - José M Navas
- Department of Environment, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA) , Centra De la Coruña Km 7.5, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Brunelli
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics (DAIS), University Ca' Foscari of Venice , Via Torino 155, 30170 Venice Mestre, Italy
| | - Nicole Neubauer
- Department of Material Physics, BASF SE , Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Klaus Vilsmeier
- Department of Material Physics, BASF SE , Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Anna L Costa
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (CNR-ISTEC) , Via Granarolo, 64, I-48018 Faenza, Italy
| | - Andreas Gondikas
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, University of Vienna , 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Tian Xia
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Liliana Galbis
- Department of Environment, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA) , Centra De la Coruña Km 7.5, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Badetti
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics (DAIS), University Ca' Foscari of Venice , Via Torino 155, 30170 Venice Mestre, Italy
| | - Antonio Marcomini
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics (DAIS), University Ca' Foscari of Venice , Via Torino 155, 30170 Venice Mestre, Italy
| | - Danail Hristozov
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics (DAIS), University Ca' Foscari of Venice , Via Torino 155, 30170 Venice Mestre, Italy
| | - Frank von der Kammer
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, University of Vienna , 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Kerstin Hund-Rinke
- Department of Ecotoxicology, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology , Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392 Schmallenberg, Germany
| | | | - André Nel
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Wendel Wohlleben
- Department of Material Physics, BASF SE , Carl-Bosch-Strasse 38, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
- Department of Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, BASF SE , D-67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
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45
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Chen BH, Stephen Inbaraj B. Various physicochemical and surface properties controlling the bioactivity of cerium oxide nanoparticles. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2018; 38:1003-1024. [PMID: 29402135 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2018.1426555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Amidst numerous emerging nanoparticles, cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) possess fascinating pharmacological potential as they can be used as a therapeutic for various oxidative stress-associated chronic diseases such as cancer, inflammation and neurodegeneration due to unique redox cycling between Ce3+ and Ce4+ oxidation states on their surface. Lattice defects generated by the formation of Ce3+ ions and compensation by oxygen vacancies on CNPs surface has led to switching between CeO2 and CeO2-x during redox reactions making CNPs a lucrative catalytic nanoparticle capable of mimicking key natural antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase. Eventually, most of the reactive oxygen species and nitrogen species in biological system are scavenged by CNPs via an auto-regenerative mechanism in which a minimum dose can exhibit catalytic activity for a longer duration. Due to the controversial outcomes on CNPs toxicity, considerable attention has recently been drawn towards establishing relationships between the physicochemical properties of CNPs obtained by different synthesis methods and biological effects ranging from toxicity to therapeutics. Unlike non-redox active nanoparticles, variations in physicochemical properties and the surface properties of CNPs obtained from different synthesis methods can significantly affect their biological activity (inactive, antioxidant, or pro-oxidant). Moreover, these properties can influence the biological identity, cellular interactions, cellular uptake, biodistribution, and therapeutic efficiency. This review aims to highlight the critical role of various physicochemical and the surface properties of CNPs controlling their biological activity based on 165 cited references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Huei Chen
- a Department of Food Science , Fu Jen Catholic University , New Taipei City , Taiwan.,b Graduate Institute of Medicine , Fu Jen Catholic University , New Taipei City , Taiwan
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46
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Boyle D, Sutton PA, Handy RD, Henry TB. Intravenous injection of unfunctionalized carbon-based nanomaterials confirms the minimal toxicity observed in aqueous and dietary exposures in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 232:191-199. [PMID: 28941714 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Numerous ecotoxicology studies of carbon-based nanomaterials (CNMs) have been conducted in fishes; however, different approaches have been used to make CNM dispersions and dose tanks for aqueous exposures, and to prepare food containing CNMs for dietary studies. This diversity of experimental methods has led to conflicting results and difficulties in comparing studies. The objective of the present study was to evaluate intravenous injection of unfunctionalized CNMs in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), as a means of delivering a known internal dose, on tissue biochemistry and histopathological lesions; then, subsequently, to compare the results with our previous work on aqueous and dietary exposures of rainbow trout to CNMs. Rainbow trout were injected in the caudal vein with corn oil dispersions of 200 μg (approximately 1 μg g-1) of either the fullerene C60, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), or amorphous carbon black. After 96 h, injected fish were euthanized and tissue samples collected for biochemistry and histology. Histological examination of the kidney of fish injected intravenously indicated the presence of black material consistent with the injected carbon treatments. However, there were no additional lesions associated with CNM exposure compared to controls. There were also no significant changes in haematology, or ionoregulatory disturbance in blood plasma among the intravenously injected fish. Significant elevation in lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances TBARS) was detected only in kidney and spleen of fish injected with SWCNTs, but not the other carbon treatments. The elevated TBARS following injection contrasted with CNMs delivered via aqueous or dietary routes in our previous studies, suggesting that the latter exposure routes may not lead to absorption and toxicity in the internal tissues. Comparison of the effects of injected CNMs with aqueous and dietary CNMs exposures indicates that these materials are of minimal environmentally-relevant toxicity in rainbow trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Boyle
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Plymouth University, Devon, PL4 8AA, UK.
| | - Paul A Sutton
- Biogeochemistry Research Centre, School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Plymouth University, Devon, PL4 8AA, UK.
| | - Richard D Handy
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Plymouth University, Devon, PL4 8AA, UK.
| | - Theodore B Henry
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Plymouth University, Devon, PL4 8AA, UK; School of Life Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH10 5ES, UK; Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, 676 Dabney Hall, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA; Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, Center for Environmental Biotechnology, 676 Dabney Hall, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.
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47
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Wang X, Liao YP, Telesca D, Chang CH, Xia T, Nel AE. The Genetic Heterogeneity among Different Mouse Strains Impacts the Lung Injury Potential of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:10.1002/smll.201700776. [PMID: 28677920 PMCID: PMC5581261 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201700776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Genetic variation constitutes an important variable impacting the susceptibility to inhalable toxic substances and air pollutants, as reflected by epidemiological studies in humans and differences among animal strains. While multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are capable of causing lung fibrosis in rodents, it is unclear to what extent the genetic variation in different mouse strains influence the outcome. Four inbred mouse strains, including C57Bl/6, Balb/c, NOD/ShiLtJ, and A/J, to test the pro-fibrogenic effects of a library of MWCNTs in vitro and in vivo are chosen. Ex vivo analysis of IL-1β production in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) as molecular initiating event (MIE) is performed. The order of cytokine production (Balb/c > A/J > C57Bl/6 > NOD/ShiLtJ) in BMDMs is also duplicated during assessment of IL-1β production in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the same mouse strains 40 h after oropharyngeal instillation of a representative MWCNT. Animal test after 21 d also confirms a similar hierarchy in TGF-β1 production and collagen deposition in the lung. Statistical analysis confirms a correlation between IL-1β production in BMDM and the lung fibrosis. All considered, these data demonstrate that genetic background indeed plays a major role in determining the pro-fibrogenic response to MWCNTs in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of NanoMedicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Yu-Pei Liao
- Department of Medicine, Division of NanoMedicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Donatello Telesca
- Department of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Chong Hyun Chang
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Tian Xia
- Department of Medicine, Division of NanoMedicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - André E. Nel
- Department of Medicine, Division of NanoMedicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
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48
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Gliga AR, Edoff K, Caputo F, Källman T, Blom H, Karlsson HL, Ghibelli L, Traversa E, Ceccatelli S, Fadeel B. Cerium oxide nanoparticles inhibit differentiation of neural stem cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9284. [PMID: 28839176 PMCID: PMC5570910 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09430-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria) display antioxidant properties and have shown cytoprotective effects both in vitro and in vivo. Here, we explored the effects of nanoceria on neural progenitor cells using the C17.2 murine cell line as a model. First, we assessed the effects of nanoceria versus samarium (Sm) doped nanoceria on cell viability in the presence of the prooxidant, DMNQ. Both particles were taken up by cells and nanoceria, but not Sm-doped nanoceria, elicited a temporary cytoprotective effect upon exposure to DMNQ. Next, we employed RNA sequencing to explore the transcriptional responses induced by nanoceria or Sm-doped nanoceria during neuronal differentiation. Detailed computational analyses showed that nanoceria altered pathways and networks relevant for neuronal development, leading us to hypothesize that nanoceria inhibits neuronal differentiation, and that nanoceria and Sm-doped nanoceria both interfere with cytoskeletal organization. We confirmed that nanoceria reduced neuron specific β3-tubulin expression, a marker of neuronal differentiation, and GFAP, a neuroglial marker. Furthermore, using super-resolution microscopy approaches, we could show that both particles interfered with cytoskeletal organization and altered the structure of neural growth cones. Taken together, these results reveal that nanoceria may impact on neuronal differentiation, suggesting that nanoceria could pose a developmental neurotoxicity hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anda R Gliga
- Division of Molecular Toxicology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Edoff
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fanny Caputo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
- Department of Chemical Science and Technology, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - Thomas Källman
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Bioinformatics Infrastructure for Life Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hans Blom
- Science for Life Laboratory, Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Hanna L Karlsson
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lina Ghibelli
- Department of Biology, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Traversa
- Department of Chemical Science and Technology, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sandra Ceccatelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bengt Fadeel
- Division of Molecular Toxicology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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49
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Feliu N, Docter D, Heine M, Del Pino P, Ashraf S, Kolosnjaj-Tabi J, Macchiarini P, Nielsen P, Alloyeau D, Gazeau F, Stauber RH, Parak WJ. In vivo degeneration and the fate of inorganic nanoparticles. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 45:2440-57. [PMID: 26862602 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00699f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
What happens to inorganic nanoparticles (NPs), such as plasmonic gold or silver, superparamagnetic iron oxide, or fluorescent quantum dot NPs after they have been administrated to a living being? This review discusses the integrity, biodistribution, and fate of NPs after in vivo administration. The hybrid nature of the NPs is described, conceptually divided into the inorganic core, the engineered surface coating comprising of the ligand shell and optionally also bio-conjugates, and the corona of adsorbed biological molecules. Empirical evidence shows that all of these three compounds may degrade individually in vivo and can drastically modify the life cycle and biodistribution of the whole heterostructure. Thus, the NPs may be decomposed into different parts, whose biodistribution and fate would need to be analyzed individually. Multiple labeling and quantification strategies for such a purpose will be discussed. All reviewed data indicate that NPs in vivo should no longer be considered as homogeneous entities, but should be seen as inorganic/organic/biological nano-hybrids with complex and intricately linked distribution and degradation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neus Feliu
- Advanced Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine (ACTREM), Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Division of Ear, Nose and Throat, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden and Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Dominic Docter
- Department of Nanobiomedicine, ENT/University Medical Center of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Markus Heine
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Pablo Del Pino
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany. and Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain and CIC biomaGUNE, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Sumaira Ashraf
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Jelena Kolosnjaj-Tabi
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057 CNRS/Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
| | - Paolo Macchiarini
- Advanced Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine (ACTREM), Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Division of Ear, Nose and Throat, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Nielsen
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Damien Alloyeau
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, UMR 7162 CNRS/Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
| | - Florence Gazeau
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057 CNRS/Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
| | - Roland H Stauber
- Department of Nanobiomedicine, ENT/University Medical Center of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany. and CIC biomaGUNE, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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50
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Alpaslan E, Geilich BM, Yazici H, Webster TJ. pH-Controlled Cerium Oxide Nanoparticle Inhibition of Both Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria Growth. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45859. [PMID: 28387344 PMCID: PMC5384081 DOI: 10.1038/srep45859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, the antibacterial activity of dextran-coated nanoceria was examined against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epidermidis by varying the dose, the time of treatment, and the pH of the solution. Findings suggested that dextran-coated nanoceria particles were much more effective at killing P. aeruginosa and S. epidermidis at basic pH values (pH = 9) compared to acidic pH values (pH = 6) due to a smaller size and positive surface charge at pH 9. At pH 9, different particle concentrations did cause a delay in the growth of P. aeruginosa, whereas impressively S. epidermidis did not grow at all when treated with a 500 μg/mL nanoceria concentration for 24 hours. For both bacteria, a 2 log reduction and elevated amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation per colony were observed after 6 hours of treatment with nanoceria at pH 9 compared to untreated controls. After 6 hours of incubation with nanoceria at pH 9, P. aeruginosa showed drastic morphological changes as a result of cellular stress. In summary, this study provides significant evidence for the use of nanoceria (+4) for a wide range of anti-infection applications without resorting to the use of antibiotics, for which bacteria are developing a resistance towards anyway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Alpaslan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Benjamin M. Geilich
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Hilal Yazici
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- TUBITAK-MAM, Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology Research Institute, 41470, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Thomas J. Webster
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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