1
|
Dammarane triterpenoids with rare skeletons from Gynostemma pentaphyllum and their cytotoxic activities. Fitoterapia 2022; 162:105280. [PMID: 35964850 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2022.105280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Three unreported dammarane-type triterpenoids with rare skeletons (1-3), along with one undescribed gypenoside (4), were isolated from the aerial parts of Gynostemma pentaphyllum using diverse chromatographic materials and pre-HPLC. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and spectrometric data, while the absolute configurations of 1-3 were assessed via electronic circular dichroism (ECD) analyses. Notably, compounds 1-3 possess a 3,19-hemiketal bridge in the A ring. Saponin 4 possesses an unreported 20,25-oxa structural moiety. Their antiproliferative effects against HepG2, MCF-7, and DU145 cell lines were screened. Compounds 1-3 displayed moderate cytotoxicity with IC50 values ranging from 13.7 ± 0.2 to 32.0 ± 1.7 μM.
Collapse
|
2
|
Lopes K, Oliveira J, Sousa-Junior FJC, Santos TDF, Andrade D, Andrade SL, Pereira WL, Gomes PWP, Monteiro MC, E Silva CYY, da Silva MN, Maia CF, Fontes-Júnior EA. Chemical Composition, Toxicity, Antinociceptive, and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Dry Aqueous Extract of Varronia multispicata (Cham.) Borhidi ( Cordiaceae) Leaves. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1376. [PMID: 31827436 PMCID: PMC6890604 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Varronia multispicata (Cham.) Borhidi (Cordiaceae), an herbaceous plant distributed in tropical and subtropical regions is native of Brazil and widely used in folk medicine to treat respiratory and digestive diseases, inflammation, and some types of infections. Thus, this study aimed to investigate acute oral toxicity, antinociceptive, and anti-inflammatory activities of dry aqueous extract of V. multispicata (AEVm) and to identify its compounds. Extract was obtained by lyophilized leaf infusion and its composition was analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Acute oral toxicity was evaluated in female rats treated with AEVm (2,000 mg/kg) in a single oral dose. Mortality, body weight changes, feed and water intake, organ weights, histological and biochemical parameters were screened for 14 days. Antinociceptive activity was evaluated by writhing (WT), formalin (FT), and hot plate (HP) tests in male mice while anti-inflammatory activity was performed by carrageenan (CPE) and dextran (DPE)-induced paw edema tests and carrageenan-induced peritonitis (CP) test in male rats. Additionally, spontaneous open-field (OF) locomotion was evaluated. LC-MS analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids with biological activity. In toxicity evaluation, extract did not cause deaths in dose of 2,000 mg/kg, and there were no significant behavioral or biochemical alterations. Additionally, evidence of hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity was observed. In pharmacological evaluation AEVm showed dose-dependent antinociceptive activity in WT, with a median effective dose of 146.89 mg/kg, which showed selectivity by inflammatory base processes (FT first phase; p < 0.001), showing no activity in neuropathic nociception components (FT second phase and HP) or about consciousness and locomotion in OF. AEVm also showed significant anti-inflammatory activity, inhibiting CPE (p < 0.001) and cell migration (p < 0.05) and nitric oxide (NO) production (p < 0,01) in CP test. These data demonstrate that AEVm has low oral toxicity—with evidence of hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties—antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity, supporting V. multispicata traditional use, possibly related to flavonoids present in its constitution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klaylton Lopes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil.,Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Juliana Oliveira
- Laboratório de Cromatografia Líquida, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Fabio J C Sousa-Junior
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Túlio da F Santos
- Laboratório de Cromatografia Líquida, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Débora Andrade
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Sara L Andrade
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Produção Animal na Amazônia, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, Brazil
| | - Washington L Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Produção Animal na Amazônia, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, Brazil
| | - Paulo Wender P Gomes
- Laboratório de Cromatografia Líquida, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Marta C Monteiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Consuelo Y Yoshioka E Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil.,Laboratório de Cromatografia Líquida, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Milton Nascimento da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil.,Laboratório de Cromatografia Líquida, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Cristiane F Maia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil.,Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Enéas A Fontes-Júnior
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil.,Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Biswas T, Dwivedi UN. Plant triterpenoid saponins: biosynthesis, in vitro production, and pharmacological relevance. PROTOPLASMA 2019; 256:1463-1486. [PMID: 31297656 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-019-01411-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The saponins are a diverse class of natural products, with a broad scale distribution across different plant species. Chemically characterized as triterpenoid glycosides, they posses a 30C oxidosqualene precursor-based aglycone moiety (sapogenin), to which glycosyl residues are subsequently attached to yield the corresponding saponin. Based on the chemically distinct aglycone moieties, broadly, they are divided into triterpenoid saponins (dammaranes, ursanes, oleananes, lupanes, hopanes, etc.) and the sterol glycosides. This review aims to present in detail the biosynthesis patterns of the different aglycones from a common precursor and their glycosylation patterns to yield the functionally active glycoside. The review also presents recent advances in the pharmacological activities of these saponins, particularly as potent anti-neoplastic pharmacophores, antioxidants, or anti-viral/antibacterial agents. Since alternate production pedestals for these pharmacologically important triterpenes via cell and tissue cultures are an attractive option for their sustainable production, recent trends in the variety and scale of in vitro production of plant triterpenoids have also been discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Biswas
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India
| | - Upendra N Dwivedi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India.
- Institute for Development of Advanced Computing, ONGC Centre for Advanced Studies, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Oza MJ, Kulkarni YA. Traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of the medicinal species of the genus Cordia (Boraginaceae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 69:755-789. [PMID: 28266011 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cordia (family Boraginaceae) is a genus of deciduous flowering trees or shrubs comprising more than 300 species distributed widely in the tropical regions. The aim of this review was to provide exhaustive scientific information on traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of the 36 important species with medicinal value from the genus Cordia, to divulge prospects for further research on its therapeutic potential. KEY FINDINGS Leaves, fruit, bark and seed of a majority of the species were found to possess abundant ethnomedicinal value, but leaves were found to be used most frequently to treat many ailments such as respiratory disorders, stomach pain, wound, inflammation, myalgia, cough, dysentery and diarrhoea. The phytochemical investigation of 36 species resulted in isolation of 293 chemical constituents from various chemical classes. The crude extracts, fractions, essential oils and pure compounds isolated from various Cordia species were reported to have a varied range of pharmacological activities. SUMMARY Many of the traditional uses of the genus Cordia were supported by the results obtained from pharmacological studies performed using various extracts or pure compounds. More attention should be given to the biological evaluation using pure phytochemicals and to identify the mechanism of actions and exploring this genus for new drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manisha J Oza
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India.,SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
| | - Yogesh A Kulkarni
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hongthong S, Meesin J, Pailee P, Soorukram D, Kongsaeree P, Prabpai S, Piyachaturawat P, Jariyawat S, Suksen K, Jaipetch T, Nuntasaen N, Reutrakul V, Kuhakarn C. Cytotoxic lanostanes from fruits of Garcinia wallichii Choisy (Guttiferae). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:5773-5779. [PMID: 27793565 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Five new lanostanes, wallichinanes A-E (1-5) together with a known lanostane derivative 6 were isolated from the cytotoxic hexanes extract of fruits of Garcinia wallichii Choisy (Guttiferae). The structures of the isolated compounds were established by analysis of spectroscopic data, X-ray diffraction technique as well as comparison with the literature data. The cytotoxicity of all isolated compounds against a panel of cultured cancer cell lines was evaluated. Compound 4 exhibited good cytotoxicity with ED50 values ranging from 3.91 to 7.63μM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sakchai Hongthong
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Jatuporn Meesin
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Phanruethai Pailee
- Chulabhorn Research Institute, Kamphaeng Phet 6 Road, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Darunee Soorukram
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Palangpon Kongsaeree
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Samran Prabpai
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Pawinee Piyachaturawat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Surawat Jariyawat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Kanoknetr Suksen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Thaworn Jaipetch
- Mahidol University, Kanchanaburi Campus, Saiyok, Kanchanaburi 71150, Thailand
| | - Narong Nuntasaen
- The Forest Herbarium National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vichai Reutrakul
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chutima Kuhakarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ruan J, Zheng C, Qu L, Liu Y, Han L, Yu H, Zhang Y, Wang T. Plant Resources, (13)C-NMR Spectral Characteristic and Pharmacological Activities of Dammarane-Type Triterpenoids. Molecules 2016; 21:E1047. [PMID: 27529202 PMCID: PMC6273074 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21081047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dammarane-type triterpenoids (DTT) widely distribute in various medicinal plants. They have generated a great amount of interest in the field of new drug research and development. Generally, DTT are the main bioactive ingredients abundant in Araliaceae plants, such as Panax ginseng, P. japonicas, P. notoginseng, and P. quinquefolium. Aside from Araliaceae, DTT also distribute in other families, including Betulaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Meliaceae, Rhamnaceae, and Scrophulariaceae. Until now, about 136 species belonging to 46 families have been reported to contain DTT. In this article, the genus classifications of plant sources of the botanicals that contain DTT are reviewed, with particular focus on the NMR spectral features and pharmacological activities based on literature reports, which may be benefit for the development of new drugs or food additives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingya Ruan
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Chang Zheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Lu Qu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Yanxia Liu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Lifeng Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gu CZ, Lv JJ, Zhang XX, Qiao YJ, Yan H, Li Y, Wang D, Zhu HT, Luo HR, Yang CR, Xu M, Zhang YJ. Triterpenoids with Promoting Effects on the Differentiation of PC12 Cells from the Steamed Roots of Panax notoginseng. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:1829-40. [PMID: 26200131 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The roots of Panax notoginseng, an important Chinese medicinal plant, have been used traditionally in both the raw and processed forms, due to the different chemical constituents and bioactivities found. Thirty-eight dammarane-type triterpenoid saponins were isolated from the steam-processed roots of P. notoginseng, including 18 new substances, namely, notoginsenosides SP1-SP18 (1-18). The structures of 1-18 were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and acidic hydrolysis. The absolute configuration of the hydroxy group at C-24 in 1-4, 19, and 20 was determined in each case by Mo2(AcO)4-induced circular dichroism. The new compounds were found to feature a diversity of highly oxygenated side chains, formed by hydrolysis of the C-20 sugar moiety followed by dehydration, dehydrogenation, epoxidation, hydroxylation, or methoxylation of the main saponins in the raw roots. The new saponins 1, 2, 6-8, 14, and 17 and the known compounds 20-27 showed promoting effects on the differentiation of PC12 cells, at a concentration of 10 μM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Zhen Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Jiang Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Jun Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Tao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Huai-Rong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong-Ren Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
do Vale AE, David JM, dos Santos EO, David JP, e Silva LCRC, Bahia MV, Brandão HN. An unusual caffeic acid derived bicyclic [2.2.2] octane lignan and other constituents from Cordia rufescens. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2012; 76:158-161. [PMID: 22248687 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Revised: 09/04/2011] [Accepted: 09/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This work reports isolation of an unusual lignan with a bicyclic [2.2.2] octene skeleton, named rufescenolide (1), from stems of Cordia rufescens, along with β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, syringaldehyde, 3-β-O-D-glucopyranosyl-sitosterol, methyl caffeate, 4-methoxy-protocatechuic acid and methyl rosmarinate. Structural characterizations employed IR spectroscopic, ESIHRMS and mono and dimensional NMR spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ademir E do Vale
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Antioxidant, anti-glycation and anti-inflammatory activities of phenolic constituents from Cordia sinensis. Molecules 2011; 16:10214-26. [PMID: 22158590 PMCID: PMC6264710 DOI: 10.3390/molecules161210214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2011] [Accepted: 12/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nine compounds have been isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of C. sinensis, namely protocatechuic acid (1), trans-caffeic acid (2), methyl rosmarinate (3), rosmarinic acid (4), kaempferide-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), kaempferide-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (8) and kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamno-pyranosyl (1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (9), all reported for the first time from this species. The structures of these compounds were deduced on the basis of spectroscopic studies, including 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Compounds 1-9 were investigated for biological activity and showed significant anti-inflammatory activity in the carrageen induced rat paw edema test. The antioxidant activities of isolated compounds 1-9 were evaluated by the DPPH radical scavenging test, and compounds 1, 2, 4 and 7-9 exhibited marked scavenging activity compared to the standard BHA. These compounds were further studied for their anti-glycation properties and some compounds showed significant anti-glycation inhibitory activity. The purity of compounds 2-5, 8 and 9 was confirmed by HPLC. The implications of these results for the chemotaxonomic studies of the genus Cordia have also been discussed.
Collapse
|
10
|
Nguyen PH, Gauhar R, Hwang SL, Dao TT, Park DC, Kim JE, Song H, Huh TL, Oh WK. New dammarane-type glucosides as potential activators of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) from Gynostemma pentaphyllum. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:6254-60. [PMID: 21978948 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Revised: 09/07/2011] [Accepted: 09/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key sensor and regulator of glucose, lipid, and energy metabolism throughout the body. Activation of AMPK improves metabolic abnormalities associated with metabolic diseases including obesity and type-2 diabetes. The oriental traditional medicinal herbal plant, Gynostemma pentaphyllum, has shown a wide range of beneficial effects on glucose and lipid metabolism. In this study, we found that G. pentaphyllum contains two novel dammarane-type saponins designated as damulin A (1), 2α,3β,12β-trihydroxydammar-20(22)-E,24-diene-3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside], and damulin B (2), 2α,3β,12β-trihydroxydammar-20,24-diene-3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside], that strongly activate AMPK in cultured L6 myotube cells. Damulins A and B also increased β-oxidation and glucose uptake with increasing GluT4 translocation to the plasma membrane in L6 myotube cells. Taken together our results indicate that activation of AMPK by damulins A and B may contribute to beneficial effect of G. pentaphyllum on glucose and lipid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phi Hung Nguyen
- BK21 Project Team, College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
das Graças M, Zoghbi B, Andrade EHA, Pereira RA, Oliveira J. Volatiles of theCordia multispicataCham.: a Weed Medicinal Brazilian Plant. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2010.9700395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
12
|
Correia Da Silva TB, Souza VKT, Da Silva APF, Lyra Lemos RP, Conserva LM. Determination of the phenolic content and antioxidant potential of crude extracts and isolated compounds from leaves of Cordia multispicata and Tournefortia bicolor. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2010; 48:63-69. [PMID: 20645757 DOI: 10.3109/13880200903046146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of extracts and four flavonoids isolated from leaves of two Boraginaceae species (Cordia multispicata Cham. and Tournefortia bicolor Sw.) were evaluated using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, DPPH free radical scavenging and inhibition of peroxidation of linoleic acid by FTC method. For comparison, ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopherol and BHT were used. In general, extracts from T. bicolor (68.8 +/- 0.001 to > 1000 mg/g) showed higher phenolic content than C. multispicata (66.1 +/- 0.009 to 231 +/- 0.07 mg/g), and also scavenged radicals (IC(50) 12.8 +/- 2.5 to 437 +/- 3.5 mg/L) and inhibited lipid peroxide formation (IC(50) 51.2 +/- 2.29 to 89 +/- 0.59 mg/L). For these extracts a good correlation between the phenolic content and antioxidant activity was observed, suggesting that T. bicolor is richer in phenolic compounds and that it could serve as a new source of natural antioxidants or nutraceuticals with potential applications. Chromatographic procedures monitored by antioxidant assays afforded seven compounds, which were identified by spectral analyses (IR, MS and 1D and 2D NMR) and comparison with reported data as being trans-phytol (1), taraxerol (2), 3,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone (3), 5,3'-dihydroxy-3,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone (4), quercetin (5), tiliroside (6), and rutin (7). Compounds (4-7) were also evaluated and were effective as DPPH quenching (IC(50) 7.7 +/- 3.6 to 79.3 +/- 3.4 mg/L) and as inhibition of lipid peroxidation (IC(50) 80.1 +/- 0.98 to 88.7 +/- 3.62 mg/L). This is the first report on the total phenolic content, radical-scavenging and antioxidant activities of these species.
Collapse
|
13
|
Dettrakul S, Surerum S, Rajviroongit S, Kittakoop P. Biomimetic transformation and biological activities of Globiferin, a terpenoid benzoquinone from Cordia globifera. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2009; 72:861-865. [PMID: 19368377 DOI: 10.1021/np9000703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A new 10-membered ring meroterpene (1), named globiferin, was isolated from root extracts of Cordia globifera. Biomimetic transformations of 1 and its derivatives, either by acid cyclization or by Cope rearrangement, provided information relating to the biogenesis of cordiachromes A-C. Globiferin (1) underwent Cope rearrangement upon refluxing in xylene and DMSO-d(6) to yield cordiachrome C (3) and cordiaquinol C (4), respectively. Heating in DMSO-d(6) resulted in an unexpected reduction of a quinone moiety. Globiferin diacetate (1b) cyclized under acidic conditions to give compounds 10 and 11, respective derivatives of natural cordiachromes B (2) and A (12). The present study indicates that globiferin (1) is a genuine intermediate for the biosynthesis of cordiachromes in Cordia species. Compounds 1 and 3 exhibited significant antimycobacterial activity, with MIC values of 6.2 and 1.5 mug/mL, respectively. Antimalarial, antifungal, and cytotoxic activities of 1 and its derivatives were also evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suppamit Dettrakul
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Diniz JC, Viana FA, Oliveira OF, Maciel MAM, Torres MDCDM, Braz-Filho R, Silveira ER, Pessoa ODL. 1H and 13C NMR assignments for two new cordiaquinones from roots of Cordia leucocephala. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2009; 47:190-193. [PMID: 19025970 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
From the roots of Cordia leucocephala (Boraginaceae), two new meroterpenoid naphthoquinones, 6-[10-(12,12-dimethyl-13alpha-hydroxy-16-methenyl-cyclohexyl)ethyl]-1,4-naphthalenedione (cordiaquinone L) and 5-methyl-6-[10-(12,12-dimethyl-13beta-hydroxy-16-methenyl-cyclohexyl)methyl-1,4-naphthalenedione (cordiaquinone M) were isolated. Their structures were elucidated after detailed 1D and 2D NMR (COSY, HSQC, HMBC and NOESY) data analyses and comparison with literature data for analogous compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaécio Carlos Diniz
- Departamento de Química, Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, 59610-210, Mossoró-RN, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mori K, Kawano M, Fuchino H, Ooi T, Satake M, Agatsuma Y, Kusumi T, Sekita S. Antileishmanial compounds from Cordia fragrantissima collected in Burma (Myanmar). JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2008; 71:18-21. [PMID: 18088097 DOI: 10.1021/np070211i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A methanol extract of the wood of Cordia fragrantissima, collected in Burma (Myanmar), was found to exhibit significant activity against Leishmania major. Bioassay-guided fractionation of this extract using several chromatographic techniques afforded three new compounds (1-3) and five known compounds (4-8). The structures of the new compounds were revealed on the basis of spectroscopic data interpretation and by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Interestingly, the new compounds, despite the presence of asymmetric carbons, were found to be racemates. The activities of the isolates from C. fragrantissima and several derivatives were evaluated against the promastigote forms of Leishmania major, L. panamensis, and L. guyanensis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanami Mori
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa Campus, Tokushima Bunri University, Sanuki, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Okusa PN, Penge O, Devleeschouwer M, Duez P. Direct and indirect antimicrobial effects and antioxidant activity of Cordia gilletii De Wild (Boraginaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2007; 112:476-81. [PMID: 17537602 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2007] [Revised: 03/20/2007] [Accepted: 04/12/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cordia gilletii De Wild (Boraginaceae) root bark is traditionally used in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) for the treatment of various disorders, including malaria, diarrhea, wounds and skin diseases; part of these activities may rely on antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Successive extracts of root barks powder with n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol and water were tested for antimicrobial activity, both direct and indirect (antibiotic resistance reversal), against 10 strains of bacteria and 1 strain of fungi by broth microdilution and agar diffusion methods. The eventual synergy between plant extracts and antibiotics was investigated by the determination of the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FIC index). The methanol extract showed direct antimicrobial activity against all tested microorganisms with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranging between 125 and 1000 microg/ml, whereas the ethyl acetate and the dichloromethane extracts showed activity on four and three strains, respectively. 200 microg/ml of n-hexane and dichloromethane extracts decreased the MICs of penicillin and streptomycin 4-64-fold for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. A synergistic effect was found between the methanol extract and tetracycline, whereas additive effects were observed for the other combinations tested. The methanol and dichloromethane extracts showed the greater antioxidant activity by scavenging the free radical DPPH with IC(50) values of 3.2 and 8.1 microg/ml, respectively. These results support the use of the plant in the treatment of infectious diseases and wounds; they warrant further studies as to the nature of active compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P N Okusa
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, de Bromatologie et de Nutrition Humaine, Institut de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 205/09, Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
|