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Zhao J, Wei F, Liu H, Qin R, Yang X. Two aromatic acid derivatives and a xanthone from Hypericum hengshanense. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:1537-1544. [PMID: 36519675 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2156999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Three previously undescribed compounds including two aromatic acid derivatives (1-2), and one xanthone (3), together with ten known compounds (4-13) were isolated from the aerial part of Hypericum hengshanense. The planar structures of three new compounds were established by 1 D and 2 D NMR and MS data. And the absolute configurations of compounds 1-2 were determined by the quantum chemical ECD calculations. Compounds 1-2 showed weak cytotoxicity against Hep-2 human cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 65.1 ± 2.7 and 78.0 ± 1.0 μg/mL, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Hong Liu
- College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Qin
- College of Life Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinzhou Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
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Yu J, Xie J, Sun M, Xiong S, Xu C, Zhang Z, Li M, Li C, Lin L. Plant-Derived Caffeic Acid and Its Derivatives: An Overview of Their NMR Data and Biosynthetic Pathways. Molecules 2024; 29:1625. [PMID: 38611904 PMCID: PMC11013677 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, caffeic acid and its derivatives have received increasing attention due to their obvious physiological activities and wide distribution in nature. In this paper, to clarify the status of research on plant-derived caffeic acid and its derivatives, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy data and possible biosynthetic pathways of these compounds were collected from scientific databases (SciFinder, PubMed and China Knowledge). According to different types of substituents, 17 caffeic acid and its derivatives can be divided into the following classes: caffeoyl ester derivatives, caffeyltartaric acid, caffeic acid amide derivatives, caffeoyl shikimic acid, caffeoyl quinic acid, caffeoyl danshens and caffeoyl glycoside. Generalization of their 13C-NMR and 1H-NMR data revealed that acylation with caffeic acid to form esters involves acylation shifts, which increase the chemical shift values of the corresponding carbons and decrease the chemical shift values of the corresponding carbons of caffeoyl. Once the hydroxyl group is ester, the hydrogen signal connected to the same carbon shifts to the low field (1.1~1.6). The biosynthetic pathways were summarized, and it was found that caffeic acid and its derivatives are first synthesized in plants through the shikimic acid pathway, in which phenylalanine is deaminated to cinnamic acid and then transformed into caffeic acid and its derivatives. The purpose of this review is to provide a reference for further research on the rapid structural identification and biofabrication of caffeic acid and its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Yu
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Human Province, School of Pharmacy, Human University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (M.S.); (S.X.); (C.X.); (Z.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Jingchen Xie
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Human Province, School of Pharmacy, Human University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (M.S.); (S.X.); (C.X.); (Z.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Miao Sun
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Human Province, School of Pharmacy, Human University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (M.S.); (S.X.); (C.X.); (Z.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Suhui Xiong
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Human Province, School of Pharmacy, Human University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (M.S.); (S.X.); (C.X.); (Z.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Chunfang Xu
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Human Province, School of Pharmacy, Human University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (M.S.); (S.X.); (C.X.); (Z.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Human Province, School of Pharmacy, Human University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (M.S.); (S.X.); (C.X.); (Z.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Minjie Li
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Human Province, School of Pharmacy, Human University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (M.S.); (S.X.); (C.X.); (Z.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Chun Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China;
| | - Limei Lin
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Human Province, School of Pharmacy, Human University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (M.S.); (S.X.); (C.X.); (Z.Z.); (M.L.)
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Hou Z, Sun L, Jiang Z, Zeng T, Wu P, Huang J, Liu H, Xiao P. Neuropharmacological insights into Gardenia jasminoides Ellis: Harnessing therapeutic potential for central nervous system disorders. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 125:155374. [PMID: 38301302 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In China, Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (GJE) has a longstanding history of application. The Ministry of Health has listed it as one of the first pharmaceutical or food resources. In ethnic, traditional, and folk medicine, GJE has been used to treat fever and cold and relieve nervous anxiety. Recent studies have confirmed the significant efficacy of GJE for treating central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and major depressive disorder; however, GJE has not been systematically evaluated. PURPOSE This research systematically summarizes global studies on the use of GJE for treating CNS disorders and explores the potential applications and underlying mechanisms via intestinal flora analysis and network pharmacology, aiming to establish a scientific basis for innovative CNS disorder treatment with GJE. METHODS The PRISMA guidelines were used, and electronic databases such as the Web of Science, PubMed, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched using the following search terms: "Gardenia jasminoides Ellis" with "central nervous system disease," "neuroprotection," "Alzheimer's disease," "Parkinson's disease," "ischemic stroke," "Epilepsy," and "major depressive disorder." The published literature up to September 2023 was searched to obtain relevant information on the application of GJE for treating CNS disorders. RESULTS There has been an increase in research on the material formulation and mechanisms of action of GJE for treating CNS disorders, with marked effects on CNS disorder treatment in different countries and regions. We summarized the research results related to the role of GJE in vitro and in vivo via multitargeted interventions in response to the complex mechanisms of action of CNS disorders. CONCLUSION We systematically reviewed the research progress on traditional treatment for GJE and preclinical mechanisms of CNS disorders and explored the potential of optimizing network pharmacology strategies and intestinal flora analysis to elucidate the mechanisms of action of GJE. The remarkable therapeutic efficacy of GJE, an important resource in traditional medicine, has been well documented in the literature, highlighting its significant medicinal potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Hou
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Le Sun
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Zheyu Jiang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Tiexin Zeng
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Peiling Wu
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Jiali Huang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Haibo Liu
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Peigen Xiao
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), No. 151 Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
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Wang L, Chen S, Liu S, Biu AM, Han Y, Jin X, Liang C, Liu Y, Li J, Fang S, Chang Y. A comprehensive review of ethnopharmacology, chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetics, toxicology, and quality control of gardeniae fructus. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 320:117397. [PMID: 37956915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gardeniae Fructus (GF), the desiccative mature fruitage of Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis (G. jasminoides), belongs to the Rubiaceae family. It has abundant medicinal value, such as purging fire and eliminating annoyance, clearing heat and diuresis, cooling blood, and detoxifying. GF is usually used in combination with other drugs to treat diseases such as fever and jaundice in damp heat syndrome in traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) clinical practice. THE AIM OF THE REVIEW This review comprehensively summarizes the research progress in botany, traditional medical use, processing method, phytochemistry, pharmacological activity, quality control, pharmacokinetics, and toxicology, which aims to provide a scientific basis for the rational application and future research of GF. MATERIALS AND METHODS ScienceDirect, PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Embase, Scopus etc. databases were retrieved to gain the comprehensive information of GF. RESULTS At present, more than 215 compounds were isolated and identified from GF, including iridoids, diterpenes, triterpenoids, flavonoids, organic esters, and so on. The traditional application of GF mainly focused on clearing heat and detoxification. Pharmacological studies proved that GF had anti-inflammatory, antioxidation, antifatigue, antithrombotic, liver and gallbladder protection, and other pharmacological effects. In addition, many improved processing methods can alleviate the side effects and toxic reactions caused by long-term use of GF, so controlling its quality through multi-component content measurement has become an important means of research. CONCLUSION GF has a wide range of applications, the mechanisms by which some effective substances exert their pharmacological effects have not been clearly explained due to the complexity and diversity of its components. This review systematically elaborates on the traditional medical use, processing method, phytochemistry, pharmacological activity, quality control, and toxicology of GF, and it is expected to become a candidate drug for treating diseases, such as depression, pancreatitis, alcoholic or non-alcoholic fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Shujing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Suyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Abdulmumin Muhammad Biu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yuli Han
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xingyue Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Chunxiao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Jin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Shiming Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Yanxu Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
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Ginovyan M, Javrushyan H, Karapetyan H, Koss-Mikołajczyk I, Kusznierewicz B, Grigoryan A, Maloyan A, Bartoszek A, Avtandilyan N. Hypericum alpestre extract exhibits in vitro and in vivo anticancer properties by regulating the cellular antioxidant system and metabolic pathway of L-arginine. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3914. [PMID: 38269521 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Conventional treatment methods are not effective enough to fight the rapid increase in cancer cases. The interest is increasing in the investigation of herbal sources for the development of new anticancer therapeutics. This study aims to investigate the antitumor capacity of Hypericum alpestre (H. alpestre) extract in vitro and in vivo, either alone or in combination with the inhibitors of the l-arginine/polyamine/nitric oxide (NO) pathway, and to characterize its active phytochemicals using advanced chromatographic techniques. Our previous reports suggest beneficial effects of the arginase inhibitor NG-hydroxy-nor- l-arginine and NO inhibitor NG-nitro-Larginine methyl ester in the treatment of breast cancer via downregulation of polyamine and NO synthesis. Here, the antitumor properties of H. alpestre and its combinations were explored in vivo, in a rat model of mammary gland carcinogenesis induced by subcutaneous injection of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. The study revealed strong antiradical activity of H. alpestre aerial part extract in chemical (DPPH/ABTS) tests. In the in vitro antioxidant activity test, the H. alpestre extract demonstrated pro-oxidant characteristics in human colorectal (HT29) cells, which were contingent upon the hemostatic condition of the cells. The H. alpestre extract expressed a cytotoxic effect on HT29 and breast cancer (MCF-7) cells measured by the MTT test. According to comet assay results, H. alpestre extract did not exhibit genotoxic activity nor possessed antigenotoxic properties in HT29 cells. Overall, 233 substances have been identified and annotated in H. alpestre extract using the LC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS system. In vivo experiments using rat breast cancer models revealed that the H. alpestre extract activated the antioxidant enzymes in the liver, brain, and tumors. H. alpestre combined with chemotherapeutic agents attenuated cancer-like histological alterations and showed significant reductions in tumor blood vessel area. Thus, either alone or in combination with Nω -OH-nor- l-arginine and Nω -nitro- l-arginine methyl ester, H. alpestre extract exhibits pro- and antioxidant, antiangiogenic, and cytotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Anna Grigoryan
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, YSU, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Alina Maloyan
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, USA
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Yang HD, Tang ZS, Xue TT, Zhu YY, Su ZH, Xu HB. Acyl-quinic acids from the root bark of Acanthopanax gracilistylus and their inhibitory effects on neutrophil elastase and cyclooxygenase-2 in vitro. Bioorg Chem 2023; 140:106798. [PMID: 37634270 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Eleven new acyl-quinic acids (AQAs) 1a-9, and 18 known AQAs 10-27 were isolated from the root bark of Acanthopanax gracilistylus W. W. Smith (Acanthopanacis Cortex). The planar structures of 1a-9 were determined based on their HR-ESIMS, IR, and NMR data. The absolute configurations of 1a-6 were identified by comparing the experimental and the calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. This is the first report of the isolation of AQAs from Acanthopanacis Cortex. Notably, 1a-6 were determined as unusual oxyneolignan-(-)-quinic acids heterodimers, representing a new class of natural products. The inhibitory activities of 1a-27 on neutrophil elastase (NE) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were studied in vitro, and the results indicated they possessed significant inhibitory activities on COX-2. Among them, the IC50 values of 1a-9 were 0.63±0.014, 0.75±0.028, 0.15±0.023, 0.63±0.016, 0.30±0.013, 35.63±4.600, 8.70±1.241, 16.51±0.480, 0.69±0.049, 0.39±0.017, and 0.26±0.080 μM, respectively. This study represents the inaugural disclosure of the anti-COX-2 constituents found in Acanthopanacis Cortex, thereby furnishing valuable insights into the exploration of novel COX-2 inhibitors derived from natural reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Dong Yang
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712083, PR China
| | - Zhi-Shu Tang
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712083, PR China; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China
| | - Tao-Tao Xue
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712083, PR China
| | - Ya-Ya Zhu
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712083, PR China
| | - Zeng-Hu Su
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712083, PR China
| | - Hong-Bo Xu
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712083, PR China.
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Miura S, Ishida K, Tanaka K, Morita E, Hashimoto M. Integrasone Derivatives Isolated from Lepteutypa sp. KT4162 and Their Anti-HIV-1 Integrase Activity. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:1019-1024. [PMID: 36898139 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Five integrasone derivatives, integrasone C (1), isointegrasone C (2), integrasone D1 (3), integrasone D2 (4), and integrasone E (5), were isolated from the culture broth of Lepteutypa sp. KT4162. Neither conventional NMR analyses nor DFT (density functional theory)-based computationally assisted chemical shift discussions were sufficient to elucidate the relative configuration of the 1,4-epoxydiol moiety. A combined analysis using the calculated nJCH values and HMBC spectra was helpful to establish the relative configuration. The absolute configurations of 1-5 were determined using DFT-based ECD (electronic circular dichroism) spectral analysis. Biological assays of these compounds revealed that 2 potently inhibits HIV-1 integrase without cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Miura
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, 3-Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
| | - Kotaro Ishida
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Tanaka
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, 3-Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
| | - Eiji Morita
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, 3-Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
| | - Masaru Hashimoto
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, 3-Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
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Song L, Hu X, Ren X, Liu J, Liu X. Antibacterial Modes of Herbal Flavonoids Combat Resistant Bacteria. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:873374. [PMID: 35847042 PMCID: PMC9278433 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.873374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing dissemination of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial infections endangers global public health. How to develop effective antibacterial agents against resistant bacteria is becoming one of the most urgent demands to solve the drug resistance crisis. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with multi-target antibacterial actions are emerging as an effective way to combat the antibacterial resistance. Based on the innovative concept of organic wholeness and syndrome differentiation, TCM use in antibacterial therapies is encouraging. Herein, advances on flavonoid compounds of heat-clearing Chinese medicine exhibit their potential for the therapy of resistant bacteria. In this review, we focus on the antibacterial modes of herbal flavonoids. Additionally, we overview the targets of flavonoid compounds and divide them into direct-acting antibacterial compounds (DACs) and host-acting antibacterial compounds (HACs) based on their modes of action. We also discuss the associated functional groups of flavonoid compounds and highlight recent pharmacological activities against diverse resistant bacteria to provide the candidate drugs for the clinical infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianyu Song
- Beijing Traditional Chinese Veterinary Engineering Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Changping, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Changping, China
| | - Xiaomin Ren
- Beijing Traditional Chinese Veterinary Engineering Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Changping, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Changping, China
| | - Xiaoye Liu
- Beijing Traditional Chinese Veterinary Engineering Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Changping, China
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Changping, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoye Liu,
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Comprehensive profiling of phytochemicals in the fruits of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis and its variety using liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Nat Med 2022; 76:774-795. [PMID: 35639238 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-022-01627-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The fruits of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis are an important herb medicine in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and have been used for thousands of years for clearing away heat and toxic materials. It mainly contains iridoids, pigments, organic acids, and flavonoids. Although belonging to one species, it has two kinds of cultivars and one variety widely distributed and sold. This study aims to develop an integrated and efficient analytical strategy for comprehensive profiling of phytochemicals and clarify the differences in all three populations. Based on reversed-phase ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/ESI-QTOFMS), an optimized analytical approach for comprehensive profiling of phytochemicals in the fruits of G. jasminoides was established in negative ionization mode. The holistic metabolites profiling was carried out on UHPLC/ESI-QTOFMS and data analysis program Progenesis QI, and a total of 80 metabolites were obtained and interpreted by chromatographic and tandem mass spectral data. The interpretation of metabolites comprises iridoids, pigments, organic acids, and flavonoids. Principal component analysis and partial least square-discriminant analysis were performed, and 19 main different components could be obtained to distinguish the three populations. Combined with non-targeted and targeted data analysis, the integrated strategy developed in this study was feasibly applied to discern differences in the profiles of the phytochemicals accumulating in the fruits of three populations of G. jasminoides.
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Tian J, Qin S, Han J, Meng J, Liang A. A review of the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of Fructus Gardeniae (Zhi-zi). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 289:114984. [PMID: 35066066 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.114984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Fructus Gardeniae (FG) is the dried fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (GjE), which belongs to the family Rubiaceae. FG has a long history of use as a herb, and was originally recorded in Sheng Nong's herbal classic. FG has also been widely used as both medicine and food. AIM OF STUDY This review aimed to provide a systematic and comprehensive analysis of the current research progress of FG in terms of ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicity, to provide new insights and extensive field of view for subsequent studies. METHODS Scientific databases, including CNKI, VIP (Chinese literature), PubMed, Science Direct, Elsevier and Google Scholar (English literatures) were searched to gather data about FG and its main active ingredients such as geniposide and genipin (only regarding toxicity). RESULTS Many chemical constituents have been identified from the fruit of GjE, including iridoids, terpenoids, flavonoids, organic acids, volatile oils and others. The constituents of different parts of FG and processed FG are different from those of whole FG. FG extract and its main active constituents have been reported to have pharmacological properties such as hepatoprotective, choleretic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, anti-diabetic, anti-apoptotic and antitumor activities. However, an increasing number of studies have shown that FG induces multiple organ injury, especially causing hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity, which could increase the risk during clinical use. The available literature shows that geniposide, a major active component of FG and a critical marker for its quality, is associated with the pharmacology and toxicity of FG. CONCLUSION Although a large number of studies examining FG have been published, issues remain. In the aspect of FG's pharmacology, the traditional efficacy and modern pharmacological effects of FG should be combined, which to broadens clinical application prospects. In addition, few studies have assessed the toxicity of FG. Toxicity assessment of FG should tackle various aspects, including compatibility, processing and the symptom-based prescription theory, in addition to over-dosage or long-term use, for a reasonable clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhuo Tian
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, , No. 16 Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimen Nei Ave, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Shasha Qin
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, , No. 16 Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimen Nei Ave, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jiayin Han
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, , No. 16 Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimen Nei Ave, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jing Meng
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, , No. 16 Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimen Nei Ave, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Aihua Liang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, , No. 16 Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimen Nei Ave, Beijing, 100700, China.
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11
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Zou Q, Feng J, Li T, Cheng G, Wang W, Rao G, He H, Li Y. Antioxidation and anti-inflammatory actions of the extract of Nitraria Tangutorum Bobr. fruits reduce the severity of ulcerative colitis in a dextran sulphate sodium-induced mice model. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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12
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Kaur J, Gulati M, Singh SK, Kuppusamy G, Kapoor B, Mishra V, Gupta S, Arshad MF, Porwal O, Jha NK, Chaitanya M, Chellappan DK, Gupta G, Gupta PK, Dua K, Khursheed R, Awasthi A, Corrie L. Discovering multifaceted role of vanillic acid beyond flavours: Nutraceutical and therapeutic potential. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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13
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Chen X, Cao YG, Ren YJ, Wang MN, Liu YL, He C, Zheng XK, Feng WS. A new quinic acid derivative with α-glucosidase inhibitory activity from the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:2836-2842. [PMID: 34100675 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1933973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A new quinic acid derivative (1) along with seven known compounds (2-8) were isolated from the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis. All the structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of the analysis of multiple spectroscopic data. The α-glucosidase inhibitory effects of the isolated compounds were investigated. The results showed that compounds 1-3, 6, and 8 have moderate α-glucosidase inhibitory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province China, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan-Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province China, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying-Jie Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province China, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meng-Na Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province China, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan-Ling Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province China, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chen He
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province China, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ke Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province China, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei-Sheng Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province China, Zhengzhou, China
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14
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Li C, Gao X, Gao X, Lv J, Bian X, Lv J, Sun J, Luo G, Zhang H. Effects of medicine food Fructus Gardeniae on liver and kidney functions after oral administration to rats for 12 weeks. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13752. [PMID: 34086366 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Fructus Gardeniae (FG) is medicine food widely used for the treatment and prevention of various diseases. However, in recent years, research has suggested that high doses of FG can cause hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. To assess this potential toxicity in more depth, this study investigated the effects of decocted FG and two of its bioactive constituents (geniposide and genipin) on liver and kidney function in rats. Rats were intragastrically administered FG (330 mg/kg body weight), geniposide (50 mg/kg body weight), or genipin (50 mg/kg body weight) for 12 weeks. Changes in body weight, liver and kidney indices, biochemical indices, and inflammatory factors were monitored. In addition, pathological sections were assessed and the expression of caspase-3, NF-κBp65, COX-2, and iNOS was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. It was found that the levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, and urea nitrogen increased following administration of FG, geniposide, and genipin. Furthermore, the activities of superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione decreased following treatment, while malondialdehyde levels increased. Pathological and immunohistochemical evaluations further confirmed that FG and its constituents may cause damage to the liver and kidneys. The mechanism study revealed that the protein level of inflammatory pathway increased and further promoted apoptosis, suggesting that it should not be taken orally for extended periods of time. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Chinese medicine and food safety have always been public health concerns. Fructus Gardeniae (FG) is a plant with a dual-purpose as it is used as both a medicine and food. Medicinally, it has the effects of heat-clearing and detoxification. However, its adverse effects and related mechanisms are not clear, and this has potential safety implications. In this study, rats were treated with FG for 12 weeks and found that the long-term administration of FG or high dosing can lead to damage to liver and kidney function. Therefore, close attention must be paid to the dosage of FG in order to achieve a therapeutic effect and avoid adverse reactions. Thus, this study lays a foundation for the safety evaluation and clinical application of FG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunnan Li
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaochen Gao
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jingwei Lv
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xuefeng Bian
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jinpeng Lv
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jiaming Sun
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Guangming Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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15
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Li X, Sivignon C, da Silva P, Rahbé Y, Queneau Y, Moebs-Sanchez S. Design and synthesis of 3, 5- hetero diesters of 4-deoxy quinic acid and their aphicidal activity against Acyrthosiphon pisum. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.131982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Identification and Screening of Natural Neuraminidase Inhibitors from Reduning Injection via One-Step High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Fraction Collector and UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS. Int J Anal Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/8838025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuraminidase plays an essential role in the spread of influenza viruses via cleaving sialic acids from the host cell receptors and virions. Neuraminidase has been regarded as an essential target for prevention and treatment of influenza infection. The one-step high-performance liquid chromatography-fraction collector (HPLC-FC) was selected to prepare fractions from Reduning (RDN) injection, while ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS) was used to identify fractions depending on their retention time and molecular ion. As a result, 75 fractions were prepared and 28 fractions out of them exhibited NA inhibitory effects with the dose-effect relationship. Exploring it further, six components including neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid B, isochlorogenic acid A, and isochlorogenic acid C were the main components that accounted for almost 80% of inhibitory activity of RDN injection. Accordingly, these results demonstrated that this strategy could not only rapidly identify but also accurately screen active components from traditional Chinese medicine.
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17
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Liu W, Li J, Zhang X, Zu Y, Yang Y, Liu W, Xu Z, Gao H, Sun X, Jiang X, Zhao Q. Current Advances in Naturally Occurring Caffeoylquinic Acids: Structure, Bioactivity, and Synthesis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:10489-10516. [PMID: 32846084 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs) are a broad class of secondary metabolites that have been found in edible and medicinal plants from various families. It has been 100 years since the discovery of chlorogenic acid in 1920. In recent years, a number of naturally derived CQAs have been isolated and structurally elucidated. Accumulated evidence demonstrate that CQAs have a wide range of biological activities, such as antioxidation, antibacterial, antiparasitic, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiviral, and antidiabetic effects. Up to date, some meaningful progresses on the biosynthesis and total synthesis of CQAs have also been made. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively summarize the structure, biological activity, biosynthesis, and chemical synthesis of CQAs. This review provides extensive coverage of naturally occurring CQAs discovered from 1990 until 2020. Modern isolation techniques, chemical data (including structure, biosynthesis, and total synthesis), and bioactivity are summarized. This would be helpful for further research of CQAs as potential pharmaceutical agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwu Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110840, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingda Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Zu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihua Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110840, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110840, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110840, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowen Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110840, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingchun Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110840, People's Republic of China
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18
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Chen L, Li M, Yang Z, Tao W, Wang P, Tian X, Li X, Wang W. Gardenia jasminoides Ellis: Ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacological and industrial applications of an important traditional Chinese medicine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 257:112829. [PMID: 32311486 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gardenia jasminoides Ellis is a popular shrub in the Rubiaceae family. The desiccative ripe fruits of this plant (called Zhizi in China) are well known and frequently used not only as an excellent natural colourant, but also as an important traditional medicine for the treatment of different diseases, such as reducing fire except vexed, clearing away heat evil, and cooling blood and eliminating stasis to activate blood circulation. It has also been declared as the first batch of dual-purpose plants used for food and medical functions in China. AIM OF THE STUDY This review aims to provide a critical and systematic summary of the traditional uses, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity and industrial applications of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis and briefly proposes several suggestions for future application prospects. MATERIALS AND METHODS The related information on Gardenia jasminoides Ellis was obtained from internationally recognized scientific databases through the Internet (PubMed, CNKI, Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, Web of Science, Medline Plus, ACS, Elsevier and Flora of China) and libraries. RESULTS Approximately 162 chemical compounds have been isolated and identified from this herb. Among them, iridoid glycosides and yellow pigment are generally considered the main bioactive and characteristic ingredients. Various pharmacological properties, such as a beneficial effect on the nervous, cardiovascular and digestive systems, hepatoprotective activity, antidepressant activity, and anti-inflammatory activity, were also validated in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, geniposide and genipin are the most important iridoid compounds isolated from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, and genipin is the aglycone of geniposide. As the predominant active ingredient with a distinct pharmacological activity, genipin is also an outstanding biological crosslinking agent. Gardenia yellow pigment has also been widely used as an excellent natural dye-stuff. Hence, Gardenia jasminoides Ellis has been applied to many other fields, including the food industry, textile industry and chemical industry, in addition to its predominant medicinal uses. CONCLUSIONS According to this review, Gardenia jasminoides Ellis is outstanding traditional medical plant used in medicine and food. Pharmacological investigations support the traditional use of this herb and may validate the folk medicinal use of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis to treat different diseases. Iridoid glycosides are potential medicines. Gardenia yellow pigment has been the most important source of a natural colourant for food, cloth and paint for thousands of years. This herb has made great contributions to human survival and development. Moreover, it has also achieved outstanding progress in human life and even in art. Although Gardenia jasminoides Ellis has extremely high and comprehensive utilization values, it is still far from being completely explored. Therefore, the comprehensive development of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis deserves further analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
| | - Maoxing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China.
| | - Zhiqiang Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
| | - Wendi Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
| | - Xiuyu Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
| | - Weigang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
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19
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Cádiz-Gurrea MDLL, Fernández-Ochoa Á, Leyva-Jiménez FJ, Guerrero-Muñoz N, Villegas-Aguilar MDC, Pimentel-Moral S, Ramos-Escudero F, Segura-Carretero A. LC-MS and Spectrophotometric Approaches for Evaluation of Bioactive Compounds from Peru Cocoa By-Products for Commercial Applications. Molecules 2020; 25:E3177. [PMID: 32664612 PMCID: PMC7397285 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Peru is one of the main areas where there are large cocoa crops with special relevance to the economy of this country. In fact, cocoa is a major, economically important, international crop which has been linked to several benefits, such as anti-allergenic, anti-atherogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-thrombotic, cardioprotective and vasodilatory properties, relating to its bioactive compound content. However, in cocoa industrial processing, several residues or wastes, which are commonly discarded generating a negative impact on the environment, are produced in large amounts. Some of the cocoa by-products, which go underutilized, could be a good source of bioactive compounds with high utility for the development of innovative products in nutraceutical, medical or pharmaceutical industries. For this reason, the aim of this study is to qualitatively determine the phytochemical composition of husk and bean extracts from different cocoa-growing areas and processes from Peru by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Furthermore, we aim to evaluate their phenolic and flavan-3-ol contents and antioxidant capacities for the purpose of highlighting the potential of cocoa by-products from these cultivars as functional ingredients. In total, 49 chemical compounds were detected in the analyzed extracts. Comparing both husks and beans, bean extracts were characterized by high content in flavonoids whereas husk extracts had a higher content of phenolic acids. The presence of these compounds together with the bioactivity results suggest that these matrices may be further studied for their revaluation in the development of high added-value products in nutraceutical, medical, and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- María de la Luz Cádiz-Gurrea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain; (Á.F.-O.); (N.G.-M.); (M.d.C.V.-A.); (S.P.-M.); (A.S.-C.)
- Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Av. del Conocimiento s/n, E-18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Álvaro Fernández-Ochoa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain; (Á.F.-O.); (N.G.-M.); (M.d.C.V.-A.); (S.P.-M.); (A.S.-C.)
- Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Av. del Conocimiento s/n, E-18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Leyva-Jiménez
- Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Av. del Conocimiento s/n, E-18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Noelia Guerrero-Muñoz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain; (Á.F.-O.); (N.G.-M.); (M.d.C.V.-A.); (S.P.-M.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - María del Carmen Villegas-Aguilar
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain; (Á.F.-O.); (N.G.-M.); (M.d.C.V.-A.); (S.P.-M.); (A.S.-C.)
- Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Av. del Conocimiento s/n, E-18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Sandra Pimentel-Moral
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain; (Á.F.-O.); (N.G.-M.); (M.d.C.V.-A.); (S.P.-M.); (A.S.-C.)
- Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Av. del Conocimiento s/n, E-18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Fernando Ramos-Escudero
- Unidad de Investigación en Nutrición, Salud, Alimentos Funcionales y Nutraceúticos, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola (UNUSAN-USIL), Calle Toulon 310, Lima 15024, Peru;
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Av. La Fontana 750, Lima 15024, Peru
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Av. Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain; (Á.F.-O.); (N.G.-M.); (M.d.C.V.-A.); (S.P.-M.); (A.S.-C.)
- Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Av. del Conocimiento s/n, E-18016 Granada, Spain
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20
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Qian W, Yang M, Wang T, Sun Z, Liu M, Zhang J, Zeng Q, Cai C, Li Y. Antibacterial Mechanism of Vanillic Acid on Physiological, Morphological, and Biofilm Properties of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacter hormaechei. J Food Prot 2020; 83:576-583. [PMID: 31855457 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-19-469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Many studies have evaluated the antimicrobial activity of natural products against various microorganisms, but to our knowledge there have been no studies of the possible use of natural products for their antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter hormaechei. In this study, we investigated vanillic acid (VA) for its antimicrobial activities and its modes of action against carbapenem-resistant E. hormaechei (CREH). The MIC of VA against CREH was determined by the agar diffusion method. The antibacterial action of VA against CREH was elucidated by measuring variations in intracellular ATP concentration, intracellular pH, membrane potential, and cell morphology. Moreover, the efficacy of VA against biofilm formation and VA damage to CREH cells embedded in biofilms were further explored. Our results show that VA was effective against CREH with a MIC of 0.8 mg/mL. VA could rupture the cell membrane integrity of CREH, as measured by a decrease of intracellular ATP, pH, and membrane potential, along with distinctive alternations in cell morphology. In addition, VA exerted a remarkable inhibitory effect on the biofilm formation of CREH and also killed CREH cells within biofilms. These findings show that VA has a potent antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against CREH and, hence, has the potential to be used clinically as a novel candidate agent to treat CREH infections and in the food industry as a food preservative and surface disinfectant. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Qian
- Food Science and Bioengineering School, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China.,(ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4612-4351 [W.Q.])
| | - Min Yang
- Food Science and Bioengineering School, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Wang
- Food Science and Bioengineering School, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohuan Sun
- Food Science and Bioengineering School, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Liu
- Food Science and Bioengineering School, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianing Zhang
- Food Science and Bioengineering School, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao Zeng
- Food Science and Bioengineering School, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Changlong Cai
- Research Center of Ion Beam Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongdong Li
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, People's Republic of China
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Screening of the Hepatotoxic Components in Fructus Gardeniae and Their Effects on Rat Liver BRL-3A Cells. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24213920. [PMID: 31671698 PMCID: PMC6864725 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fructus Gardeniae (FG) is a common Chinese medicine and food. However, the toxicity of FG has drawn increasing concern, especially its hepatotoxicity. The purpose of this study was to screen the hepatotoxic components of FG and evaluate their effects on rat liver BRL-3A cells. The chemical composition of FG was determined by HPLC-ESI-MS. CCK-8 assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of ten chemical components from FG, and then the toxic components with significant inhibitory activity were selected for further study. The results showed that geniposide, genipin, genipin-1-gentiobioside, gardenoside, and shanzhiside all suppress cells viability. Apoptosis assays further indicated that geniposide and its metabolite genipin are the main hepatotoxic components of FG. Pretreatment of cells with geniposide or genipin increased the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) were decreased, while the malondialdehyde (MDA) level was increased. The cell contents of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and nitric oxide (NO) were also increased. Molecular docking simulations were used to investigate the mechanism of FG-induced hepatotoxicity, revealing that geniposide and genipin bind strongly to the pro-inflammatory factor TNFR1 receptor of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. The obtained results strongly indicate that the hepatotoxicity of FG is caused by iridoids compounds. Genipin had the most significant hepatotoxic effect. These toxic substances destroy the cell antioxidant defense system, increasing inflammatory injury to the liver cells and leading to apoptosis and even necrosis. Thus, this study lays a foundation for toxicology research into FG and its rational application.
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Li Y, Xie J, Li Y, Yang Y, Yang L. Literature data based systems pharmacology uncovers the essence of "body fire" in traditional Chinese medicine: A case by Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 237:266-285. [PMID: 30922854 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE Like other concepts in traditional Chinese medical theory, "body fire", a concept that has already been well-known and widely used in describing the symptoms and the treatment of corresponding diseases, is, however, still under suspicions in the western medicine due to its vague essence and symptoms. Presently, Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang (HLJDT), a typical popular TCM formula in cleansing the "body fire", is studied as a probe by a systems pharmacology method we produced, with purpose to explore the mechanisms of the potion, as well as to interpret the essence of "body fire" disease. METHODS The systematic process includes a pharmacokinetics prescreening, pharmacodynamics targets and pathways identification, and candidate-target-pathway network construction. RESULTS Through this method, 145 chemicals and 91 proteins are identified as active ingredients and "body fire"-related targets. And we find that the mechanism of HLJDT prescription for cleansing "body fire" lies in three, i.e., anti-OS/NS, anti-inflammation and anti-infection function modules, which are mainly executed through four, i.e., PI3K-AKT, MAPK, VEGF as well as Calcium signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS Accordingly, the essence of "body fire" is a gradual process which is an integration of OS/NS, inflammation and infection. This work, we hope, may not only offer a systemic methodology for exploring and elucidating TCM concepts from a multi-scale perspective, but also provide an efficient way for herbal drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), Faculty of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, PR China.
| | - Jing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), Faculty of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, PR China.
| | - Yaying Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), Faculty of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, PR China.
| | - Yinfeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), Faculty of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, PR China
| | - Ling Yang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Qian W, Wang J, Ding H, Xie W. Modeling of the static batch desorption and dynamic column elution of geniposidic acid from a porous anion-exchanger. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1594:1-12. [PMID: 30772057 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.01.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
For several decades, plenty of iridoid glycosides including geniposide (GS) and geniposidic acid (GSA) in the gardenia yellow pigment extraction waste water was not recovered effectively. This study is aimed to supply an efficient GSA recycling route. In this study, a model incorporating a superficial desorption rate constant was applied to the batch GSA desorption process, i.e., recycling, for verification. Then, the model was further developed to research the feasibility in dynamic column elutions simulation through porous uniform media. The simulation approach was done by coupling velocity field and mass transfer equations using COMSOL Multiphysics™ Finite element method, with appropriate mesh refinement was employed to solve the equation system. The HCl solutions ranging from 0.03 mol/L to 0.06 mol/L were used to desorb/elute the GSA from a presaturated polymeric porous anionic resin D08. Good results were accomplished in terms of ion exchange desorption rate and GSA recovery. The pore diffusion model (PDM) considering counter ion was established to describe the desorption/elution kinetics in the batch/column experiment. By the least square fitting method, the superficial desorption rate constant Kd of GSA/HCl reaction on the ion-exchange sites of porous resin was fitted to 0.116 L/(mol s). Subsequently, this value was sequentially applied in the simulation of the dynamic elution process. The individual pore diffusion coefficients for GSA and Cl- were estimated to be 5.07 × 10-10 and 1.77 × 10-9 m2/s, respectively. In order to validate the simulation feasibility of this pore diffusion model to a dynamic column elution process, the effects of HCl concentration, flow rate and column's height/diameter ratio on the column performance were investigated systematically. The results from this work should serve as motivation for further experimental and theoretical study in the scaling-up of GSA purification process. Finally, repeated adsorption-elution column cycles were simulated by the PDM model well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Qian
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, PR China; School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, PR China.
| | - Juan Wang
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, PR China
| | - Hanjing Ding
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, PR China
| | - Wenjing Xie
- School of Resource and Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, PR China
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24
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Qian W, Song Q, Ding H, Xie W. Computational simulations of the mass transfer zone in GS adsorption column packed with Fe 3+ type ion exchanger. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 215:507-514. [PMID: 30340159 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a mesoporous Fe3+ type ion exchanger (DOW-3) was used to adsorb the geniposide (GS) involved in gardenia yellow pigment waste water. To test its viability, the mass transfer zone (MTZ) in dynamic adsorption column that plays an important role in the future scale-up of the GS adsorption process was studied systematically. Simulation of the MTZ behavior under various operation conditions in a packed adsorption column enabled the predictions of breakthrough curves of GS for the mesoporous adsorbent. Several modes of mass transport and processes taking place simultaneously, such as permeation, convection, dispersion and adsorption equilibrium were incorporated in the proposed model. Modeling process firstly affected the behavior of MTZ when it formed and moved throughout the column, and then had a much greater impact on the shape of breakthrough curve in the simulation. The dynamics of MTZ were studied under different adsorption conditions such as various column heights, flow rates and inlet concentrations. Moreover, the post-processing technique and 3D visualization of MTZ simulation results were capable of demonstrating the expanding and progressing of the MTZ related to the adsorption isotherm. The basic findings of MTZ dynamics will be very useful for process scale up. Additionally, the effective molecule docking results obtained from this study, help us fully understand the contribution of various molecular forces in the adsorption mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Qian
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, PR China; School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, PR China.
| | - Qiaoqiao Song
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, PR China
| | - Hanjing Ding
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, PR China
| | - Wenjing Xie
- School of Resource and Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, PR China
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25
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Anti-TMV and Insecticidal Potential of Four Iridoid Glycosides from Gardenia Jasminoides Fruit. Chem Res Chin Univ 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-018-8197-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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26
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Jung S, Song SW, Lee S, Kim SH, Ann SJ, Cheon EJ, Yi G, Choi EY, Lee SH, Joo HC, Ryu DH, Lee SH, Hwang GS. Metabolic phenotyping of human atherosclerotic plaques: Metabolic alterations and their biological relevance in plaque-containing aorta. Atherosclerosis 2018; 269:21-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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27
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Mid-infrared and near-infrared spectroscopy for rapid detection of Gardeniae Fructus by a liquid-liquid extraction process. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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28
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Vien LT, Van QTT, Hanh TTH, Huong PTT, Thuy NTK, Cuong NT, Dang NH, Thanh NV, Cuong NX, Nam NH, Kiem PV, Minh CV. Flavonoid glycosides from Barringtonia acutangula. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:3776-3781. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.06.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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29
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Ni Y, Li L, Zhang W, Lu D, Zang C, Zhang D, Yu Y, Yao X. Discovery and LC-MS Characterization of New Crocins in Gardeniae Fructus and Their Neuroprotective Potential. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:2936-2946. [PMID: 27936687 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b03866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Ten new crocins, neocrocins B-J (1-9) and 13-cis-crocetin-8'-O-β-d-gentiobioside (14), along with 10 known crocins, were isolated from the fruits of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Gardeniae Fructus). The structures of these compounds were elucidated by analyzing HRESIMS, UV/vis, and 1D and 2D NMR spectra, and their neuroprotective effects against hydrogen peroxide- and l-glutamic acid-induced SH-SY5Y cell injury were evaluated. The UPLC-Q/TOF-MS chromatogram of a crocin-rich fraction derived from gardenia fruit extracts was established using the obtained crocin compounds as references. Most of the peaks were identified (the total integral area of the identified peaks accounted for 95% of total peak areas), and bioactive crocins were a large portion of this fraction (the areas of peaks from the neuroprotective compounds accounted for 70% of the total).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ni
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Li
- Institute of TCM & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Lu
- Institute of TCM & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Caixia Zang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yu
- Institute of TCM & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinsheng Yao
- Institute of TCM & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
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30
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Amen Y, Arung ET, Afifi MS, Halim AF, Ashour A, Fujimoto R, Goto T, Shimizu K. Melanogenesis inhibitors from Coix lacryma-jobi seeds in B16-F10 melanoma cells. Nat Prod Res 2017; 31:2712-2718. [PMID: 28278663 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1292270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
An adenine derivative, 9-β-D-glucopyranosyl adenine, reported for the first time from a natural source, in addition to nine known compounds were isolated from the seeds of Coix lacryma-jobi. Their structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic and chemical studies. The isolated compounds and the ethanol extract have been assayed for melanin inhibition using B16-F10 melanoma cell line. The results of our study suggested the potential use of Coix lacryma-jobi seeds as a skin whitening agent and reveal the seeds to be a rich source of important phytochemicals with melanogenesis inhibitory activity. Among the isolated compounds, coixol (2) and 2-O-β-glucopyranosyl-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (8) exhibited potent melanogenesis inhibitory activity with no obvious melanocytotoxicity. The rest of the compounds showed weak to moderate activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yhiya Amen
- a Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences , Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University , Fukuoka , Japan.,b Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy , Mansoura University , Mansoura , Egypt
| | - Enos Tangke Arung
- a Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences , Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University , Fukuoka , Japan.,c Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Product Technology , Mulawarman University , Samarinda , Indonesia
| | - Mohamed S Afifi
- b Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy , Mansoura University , Mansoura , Egypt
| | - Ahmed F Halim
- b Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy , Mansoura University , Mansoura , Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ashour
- b Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy , Mansoura University , Mansoura , Egypt
| | | | | | - Kuniyoshi Shimizu
- a Division of Systematic Forest and Forest Products Sciences, Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences , Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University , Fukuoka , Japan
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31
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Direct and model-free detection of carbohydrate excipients in traditional Chinese medicine formula granules by ATR-FTIR microspectroscopic imaging. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409:2893-2904. [PMID: 28188353 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0234-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A formula granule is a traditional Chinese medicine preparation made from the decoction of a single herbal medicinal. Because of the flexibility for combination and the convenience for utilization, formula granules are becoming popular in clinical applications. However, the efficacy and safety of commercial formula granules often suffer from the improper addition of carbohydrate excipients. Therefore, the detection of carbohydrate excipients is indispensable for the quality control of formula granules. FTIR spectroscopy has been used for the detection of carbohydrate excipients in formula granules. But the overlapped absorption signals limit the sensitivity and specificity of detection. Besides, a large number of multivariate calibration models are needed for quantitative determination. To overcome the above disadvantages, this research utilizes FTIR microspectroscopy for the model-free and universal detection of carbohydrate excipients in formula granules. Using ATR-FTIR imaging, excipient particles and herbal extract particles in formula granules can be measured individually, which resolves the absorption signals of excipients and herbal extract spatially and thus improves the sensitivity and specificity of detection. The content of excipients can be estimated directly from the number of excipient particles, which is robust to the variations of herb extracts and free of calibration models. The case study of Gardeniae Fructus formula granules shows the potential of FTIR microspectroscopy in the direct and rapid detection of carbohydrate excipients in formula granules. Graphical Abstract Excipient particles in TCM formula granules can be measured and recognized individually by FTIR microspectroscopy.
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Song Q, Wu Z, Xie W, Qian W. Adsorptive recovery of geniposidic acid from gardenia yellow pigment extraction wastewater by anion exchange: equilibrium, thermodynamics and mechanism modeling and simulation. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-016-2757-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Wang L, Liu S, Zhang X, Xing J, Liu Z, Song F. A strategy for identification and structural characterization of compounds from Gardenia jasminoides by integrating macroporous resin column chromatography and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry combined with ion-mobility spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1452:47-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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34
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Wang GW, Bao B, Han ZQ, Han QY, Yang XL. Metabolic profile of Fructus Gardeniae in human plasma and urine using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution LTQ-orbitrap mass spectrometry. Xenobiotica 2016; 46:901-12. [PMID: 26751108 DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2015.1132793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Wa Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, China and
| | - Burenbatu Bao
- Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, China and
| | - Zhi-Qiang Han
- Medical Institution Conducting Clinical Trials for Human Used Drug of Affliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, China
| | - Qing-Yu Han
- Medical Institution Conducting Clinical Trials for Human Used Drug of Affliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, China
| | - Xiu-Lan Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, China and
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35
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Zhang W, Zhu XL, Ding W, Shi XX. A novel stereoselective synthesis of (−)-quinic acid starting from the naturally abundant (−)-shikimic acid. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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36
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Han Y, Wen J, Zhou T, Fan G. Chemical fingerprinting of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis by HPLC–DAD–ESI-MS combined with chemometrics methods. Food Chem 2015; 188:648-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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37
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Li ZJ, Cai L, Mei RF, Dong JW, Li SQ, Yang XQ, Zhou H, Yin TP, Ding ZT. A highly efficient transformation of cis - to trans -cinnamic acid derivatives by iodine. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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38
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Chingwaru W, Vidmar J, Kapewangolo PT. The Potential of Sub-Saharan African Plants in the Management of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections: A Review. Phytother Res 2015; 29:1452-87. [PMID: 26337608 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Southern Africa. Phytomedicines are an integral part of African health care. The Southern African flora is composed of at least 23 400 taxa. Despite this richness, only a handful of botanical products have been assessed for activities against HIV. This study aimed to summarize the potential of Sub-Saharan African plants, based on their composition and the established bioactivities, as sources of agents to manage HIV symptoms and as retroviral therapy. At least 109 plant species from 42 families and 94 genera that are found in Southern Africa were shown to have potential or actual activities against HIV. Only 12 of these plant species from 6 families and 10 genera were shown to harbour anti-HIV properties. Phytochemicals that include β-sitosterols, terpenoids, glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, triterpenoids, tannins and alkaloids, which harbour anti-HIV properties, were found to have a near cosmopolitan presence across the plant families in the region. Bioactivities of multiple phytochemicals are comparable to those for standard allopathic antiretroviral drugs. Research to determine the anti-HIV activities of the identified and other plants, including clinical trials, is long overdue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Chingwaru
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Bindura University of Science Education, P. Bag 1020, Bindura, Zimbabwe.,Institute Ceres/Zavod Ceres, Lahovna 16, 3000, Celje, Slovenia
| | - Jerneja Vidmar
- Institute Ceres/Zavod Ceres, Lahovna 16, 3000, Celje, Slovenia.,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska 5, 2000, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Petrina T Kapewangolo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Namibia, P/Bag 13301, 340 Mandume Ndemufayo Avenue, Pionierspark, Windhoek, Namibia
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39
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Chingwaru W, Vidmar J, Kapewangolo PT, Mazimba O, Jackson J. Therapeutic and Prophylactic Potential of Morama (Tylosema esculentum): A Review. Phytother Res 2015. [PMID: 26206567 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tylosema esculentum (morama) is a highly valued traditional food and source of medicine for the San and other indigenous populations that inhabit the arid to semi-arid parts of Southern Africa. Morama beans are a rich source of phenolic acids, flavonoids, certain fatty acids, non-essential amino acids, certain phytosterols, tannins and minerals. The plant's tuber contains griffonilide, behenic acid and starch. Concoctions of extracts from morama bean, tuber and other local plants are frequently used to treat diarrhoea and digestive disorders by the San and other indigenous populations. Information on composition and bioactivity of phytochemical components of T. esculentum suggests that the polyphenol-rich extracts of the bean testae and cotyledons have great potential as sources of chemicals that inhibit infectious microorganisms (viral, bacterial and fungal, including drug-resistant strains), offer protection against certain non-communicable diseases and promote wound healing and gut health. The potential antinutritional properties of a few morama components are also highlighted. More research is necessary to reveal the full prophylactic and therapeutic potential of the plant against diseases of the current century. Research on domestication and conservation of the plant offers new hope for sustainable utilisation of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Chingwaru
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Bindura University Science Education, P. Bag 1020, Bindura, Zimbabwe.,Institute Ceres/Zavod Ceres, Lahovna 16, 3000, Celje, Slovenia
| | - Jerneja Vidmar
- Institute Ceres/Zavod Ceres, Lahovna 16, 3000, Celje, Slovenia.,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska 5, 2000, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Petrina T Kapewangolo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Namibia, P/Bag 13301, 340 Mandume Ndemufayo Avenue, Pionierspark, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Ofentse Mazimba
- Research and Partnerships at Botswana Institute for Technology Research and Innovation, Private Bag 0082, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Jose Jackson
- Research and Partnerships at Botswana Institute for Technology Research and Innovation, Private Bag 0082, Gaborone, Botswana
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40
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Li ZJ, Zheng X, Wan CP, Cai L, Li Y, Huang L, Ding ZT. A new phenolic compound with antioxidant activity from the branches and leaves of Pyrus pashia. Nat Prod Res 2015; 30:1136-43. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1046130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Nature Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, China
| | - Xi Zheng
- Central Laboratory, No 1 Hospital Affiliated Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650021, China
| | - Chun-Ping Wan
- Central Laboratory, No 1 Hospital Affiliated Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650021, China
| | - Le Cai
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Nature Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, China
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Nature Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Nature Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, China
| | - Zhong-Tao Ding
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Nature Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, China
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Oyama KI, Watanabe N, Yamada T, Suzuki M, Sekiguchi Y, Kondo T, Yoshida K. Efficient and versatile synthesis of 5-O-acylquinic acids with a direct esterification using a p-methoxybenzyl quinate as a key intermediate. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.08.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Song JL, Wang R, Shi YP, Qi HY. Iridoids from the flowers of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis and their chemotaxonomic significance. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2014.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Li L, Wang Z, Peng Y, Fu X, Wang Y, Xiao W, Song S. Screening and Identification of Multi-Components in Re Du Ning Injections Using LC/TOF-MS Coupled with UV-Irradiation. J Chromatogr Sci 2014; 53:778-86. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmu125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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LÜ F, GAO Y, HUANG J, SUN D, LI Q. Roles of Biomolecules in the Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: Case of Gardenia jasminoides Extract. Chin J Chem Eng 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1004-9541(14)60086-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Gao HY, Li GY, Wang HY, Huang J, Du XW, Han Y, Wang LF, Wang JH. Constituents from Zhuyeqing Liquor with hepatoprotective effect on alcohol-induced HepaG 2 toxicity. Arch Pharm Res 2014; 38:683-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-014-0414-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Wu X, Zhou Y, Yin F, Mao C, Li L, Cai B, Lu T. Quality control and producing areas differentiation of Gardeniae Fructus for eight bioactive constituents by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 21:551-559. [PMID: 24183952 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2013] [Revised: 08/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Gardeniae Fructus (G.Fructus), the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Rubiaceae), is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that has been used for the treatment of hepatitis, jaundice, hypersonic, diabetes and hematuria. Numerous researches have demonstrated that the major active constituents in G.Fructus were responsible for the majority of medical effects of this fruit and their quantification were important for the quality control of G.Fructus. However, in the current quality control standard, only geniposide was used as characteristic marker of G.Fructus, which could not reflect the overall quality of this fruit. In order to identify more chemical makers for improving the quality control standard and evaluate producing areas differentiation of G.Fructus, in the present study, a novel and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector coupled to an electrospray tandem mass spectrometer (HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS) was developed for the simultaneous determination of 8 major constituents, including geniposidic acid (1), chlorogenic acid (2), genipin-1-β-gentiobioside (3), geniposide (4), genipin (5), rutin (6), crocin-1 (7), crocin-2 (8) in G.Fructus. Moreover, chemometric analysis techniques with principal component constituent analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) involved were introduced in statistical analysis of 8 investigated constituents in the 34 batches samples to discriminate the samples from different producing areas. The results indicated that the contents of the 8 major bioactive constituents in G.Fructus varied significantly among different producing areas. From results of the loading plot from PCA analysis, genipin-1-β-gentiobioside may have more influence in discriminating the sample from different producing areas, and which was found to be the most abundant bioactive component besides geniposide in all the 34 batches samples, suggesting that it should be added as chemical marker for further investigation on the pharmacological actions and the quality control of G.Fructus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Fangzhou Yin
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China; The Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Chunqin Mao
- The Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Lin Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China; The Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Baochang Cai
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China; The Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Tulin Lu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China; The Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China.
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Hernández V, Malafronte N, Mora F, Pesca MS, Aquino RP, Mencherini T. Antioxidant and antiangiogenic activity ofAstronium graveolensJacq. leaves. Nat Prod Res 2014; 28:917-22. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.889134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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48
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Fu Z, Ling Y, Li Z, Chen M, Sun Z, Huang C. HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS for analysis of major chemical constituents of Yinchen-Zhizi herb pair extract. Biomed Chromatogr 2013; 28:475-85. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Revised: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Fu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 501 Haike Rd, Zhangjiang Pudong Shanghai 201203 People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology; Shuguang hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Yun Ling
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 501 Haike Rd, Zhangjiang Pudong Shanghai 201203 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixiong Li
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 501 Haike Rd, Zhangjiang Pudong Shanghai 201203 People's Republic of China
| | - Mingcang Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 501 Haike Rd, Zhangjiang Pudong Shanghai 201203 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaolin Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 501 Haike Rd, Zhangjiang Pudong Shanghai 201203 People's Republic of China
| | - Chenggang Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 501 Haike Rd, Zhangjiang Pudong Shanghai 201203 People's Republic of China
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Yang L, Peng K, Zhao S, Zhao F, Chen L, Qiu F. 2-Methyl-l-erythritol glycosides from Gardenia jasminoides. Fitoterapia 2013; 89:126-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2013.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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50
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Peng K, Yang L, Zhao S, Chen L, Zhao F, Qiu F. Chemical constituents from the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides and their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:1127-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.11.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2012] [Revised: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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