1
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Buenrostro-Muñoz J, Jarmusch SA, Souza V, Martínez-Cárdenas A, Fajardo-Hernández CA, Yeverino IR, Eguiarte LE, Figueroa M. Metabolomic Diversity in Microbial Mats Under Different Environmental Conditions: A Tool to Test Microbial Ecosystem Chemical Change. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202300829. [PMID: 37721179 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Microbial mats are microbial communities capable of recycling the essential elements of life and considered to be the oldest evidence of microbial communities on Earth. Due to their uniqueness and limited sampling material, analyzing their metabolomic profile in different seasons or conditions is challenging. In this study, microbial mats from a small pond in the Cuatro Cienegas Basin in Coahuila, Mexico, were collected in wet and dry seasons. In addition to these samples, mesocosm experiments from the wet samples were set. These mats are elastic and rise after heavy rainfall by forming gas domes structures known as "Archean domes", by the outgassing of methanogenic bacteria, archaea, and sulfur bacteria. Extracts from all mats and mesocosms were subjected to untargeted mass spectrometry-based metabolomics and molecular networking analysis. Interestingly, each mat showed high chemical diversity that may be explained by the temporal dynamic processes in which they were sampled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhoselinne Buenrostro-Muñoz
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04530, México
- Posgrado de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04530, México
| | - Scott A Jarmusch
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 221, DK-2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Valeria Souza
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04530, México
- Centro de Estudios del Cuaternario de Fuego-Patagonia y Antártica (CEQUA), Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Anahí Martínez-Cárdenas
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04530, México
| | | | - Itzel R Yeverino
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04530, México
| | - Luis E Eguiarte
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04530, México
| | - Mario Figueroa
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04530, México
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2
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Herbert LA, Bruguière A, Derbré S, Richomme P, Peña-Rodríguez LM. 13C NMR dereplication-assisted isolation of bioactive polyphenolic metabolites from Clusia flava Jacq. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:1089-1098. [PMID: 36214555 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2130917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Presently it is estimated that many of the approximately 4000 new natural products isolated every year following complicated, long, and expensive isolation processes are already known; because of this, developing new strategies for locating secondary metabolites of interest in complex extracts or fractions is important. Currently, chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques are being used to optimize the isolation and identification of natural products. In this investigation we have used 13C NMR dereplication analyses for the quick identification of a number of triterpenes (friedelin, lupeol, betulinic acid), sterols (euphol, β-sitosterol) and fatty acids (palmitic acid) present in semipurified fractions obtained from the stem bark extract of Clusia flava and to assist in the isolation of the bioactive metabolites trapezifolixanthone and paralycolin A. The complete and correct assignment of the 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic data for paralycolin A is reported for the first time and the antioxidant and antiAGEs activity of both metabolites is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Herbert
- Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Unidad de Biotecnología, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Antoine Bruguière
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, SONAS, EA921, UNIV Angers, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Séverine Derbré
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, SONAS, EA921, UNIV Angers, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Pascal Richomme
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, SONAS, EA921, UNIV Angers, SFR QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Luis M Peña-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Unidad de Biotecnología, Mérida, Yucatán, México
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3
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Li H, Ding W, Zhang Q. Discovery and engineering of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide (RiPP) natural products. RSC Chem Biol 2024; 5:90-108. [PMID: 38333193 PMCID: PMC10849128 DOI: 10.1039/d3cb00172e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) represent a diverse superfamily of natural products with immense potential for drug development. This review provides a concise overview of the recent advances in the discovery of RiPP natural products, focusing on rational strategies such as bioactivity guided screening, enzyme or precursor-based genome mining, and biosynthetic engineering. The challenges associated with activating silent biosynthetic gene clusters and the development of elaborate catalytic systems are also discussed. The logical frameworks emerging from these research studies offer valuable insights into RiPP biosynthesis and engineering, paving the way for broader pharmaceutic applications of these peptide natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Li
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Wei Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
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4
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Rebollar-Ramos D, Ovalle-Magallanes B, Raja HA, Jacome-Rebollo M, Figueroa M, Tovar-Palacio C, Noriega LG, Madariaga-Mazón A, Mata R. Antidiabetic Potential of a Trimeric Anthranilic Acid Peptide Isolated from Malbranchea flocciformis. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301602. [PMID: 38102075 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Compound 3, a trimeric anthranilic acid peptide, and another three metabolites were isolated from an organic extract from the culture medium of Malbranchea flocciformis ATCC 34530. The chemical structure proposed previously for 3 was unequivocally assigned via synthesis and X-ray diffraction analysis. Tripeptide 3 showed insulinotropic properties by decreasing the postprandial peak in healthy and hyperglycemic mice. It also increased glucose-induced insulin secretion in INS-1E at 5 μM, specifically at higher glucose concentrations. These results revealed that 3 might act as an insulin sensitizer and a non-classical insulin secretagogue. Altogether, these findings are in harmony with the in vivo oral glucose tolerance test and acute oral hypoglycemic assay. Finally, the chemical composition of the extract was established by the Global Natural Products Social Molecular Network platform. Phylogenetic analysis using the internal transcribed spacer region revealed that M. flocciformis ATCC 34530 is related to the Malbrancheaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Rebollar-Ramos
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04510, México
| | | | - Huzefa A Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC-27412, USA
| | - Mariano Jacome-Rebollo
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04510, México
| | - Mario Figueroa
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04510, México
| | - Claudia Tovar-Palacio
- Dirección de Nutrición, Instituto Nacional Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, 14080, México
| | - Lilia G Noriega
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, 14080, México
| | - Abraham Madariaga-Mazón
- Instituto de Química Unidad Mérida and f Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemáticas Aplicadas y en Sistemas Unidad Mérida, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Rachel Mata
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04510, México
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5
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Pourhadi H, El-Elimat T, Rangel-Grimaldo M, Graf TN, Falkinham JO, Khin M, Burdette JE, Mirtallo Ezzone N, Jeyaraj J, de Blanco EC, Pearce CJ, Oberlies NH. Semisynthesis, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation of Fluorinated Analogues of the Spirobisnaphthalene, Diepoxin-η. Tetrahedron Lett 2024; 134:154857. [PMID: 38328000 PMCID: PMC10846677 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2023.154857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Diepoxin-η (1) is a cytotoxic fungal metabolite belonging to the spirobisnaphthalene structural class. In this study, four mono fluorinated analogues (2-5) of diepoxin-η (1) were semisynthesized in a single-step by selectively fluorinating the naphthalene moiety with Selectfluor. The structures of 2-5 were elucidated using a set of spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques and were further confirmed by means of TDDFT-ECD and isotropic shielding tensors calculations. Compounds 2-5 showed equipotent cytotoxic activity to 1 when tested against OVCAR3 (ovarian) and MDA-MB-435 (melanoma) cancer cell lines with IC50 values that range from 5.7-8.2 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Pourhadi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402, United States
| | - Tamam El-Elimat
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402, United States
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Manuel Rangel-Grimaldo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402, United States
| | - Tyler N. Graf
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402, United States
| | - Joseph O. Falkinham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Manead Khin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Joanna E. Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Nathan Mirtallo Ezzone
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Jonathan Jeyaraj
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Esperanza Carcache de Blanco
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | | | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402, United States
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6
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Bendejacq-Seychelles A, Gibot-Leclerc S, Guillemin JP, Mouille G, Steinberg C. Phytotoxic fungal secondary metabolites as herbicides. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:92-102. [PMID: 37794581 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Among the alternatives to synthetic plant protection products, biocontrol appears as a promising method. This review reports on the diversity of fungal secondary metabolites phytotoxic to weeds and on the approach generally used to extract, characterize, identify and exploit them for weed management. The 183 phytotoxic fungal secondary metabolites discussed in this review fall into five main classes of molecules: 61 polyketides, 53 terpenoids, 36 nitrogenous metabolites, 18 phenols and phenolic acids, and 15 miscellaneous. They are mainly produced by the genera Drechslera, Fusarium and Alternaria. The phytotoxic effects, more often described by the symptoms they produce on plants than by their mode of action, range from inhibition of germination to inhibition of root and vegetative growth, including tissue and organ alterations. The biochemical characterization of fungal secondary metabolites requires expertise and tools to carry out fungal cultivation and metabolite extraction, phytotoxicity tests, purification and fractionation of the extracts, and chemical identification procedures. Phytotoxicity tests are mainly carried out under controlled laboratory conditions (not always on whole plants), while effectiveness against targeted weeds and environmental impacts must be assessed in greenhouses and open fields. These steps are necessary for the formulation of effective, environment-friendly fungal secondary metabolites-derived bioherbicides using new technologies such as nanomaterials. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bendejacq-Seychelles
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Stéphanie Gibot-Leclerc
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Guillemin
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Gregory Mouille
- Univ Paris Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Inst Jean Pierre Bourgin, Versailles, France
| | - Christian Steinberg
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
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7
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do Espírito Santo BC, Oliveira JADS, Ribeiro MADS, Schoffen RP, Polli AD, Polonio JC, da Silva AA, de Abreu Filho BA, Heck MC, Meurer EC, Constantin PP, Pileggi M, Vicentini VEP, Golias HC, Pamphile JA. Antitumor and antibacterial activity of metabolites of endophytic Colletotrichum siamense isolated from coffee (Coffea arabica L. cv IAPAR-59). Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:2651-2661. [PMID: 37642890 PMCID: PMC10689633 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01104-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi produce a range of known metabolites and several others, not yet explored, which present important biological activities from the pharmaceutical and industrial perspective. Several studies have reported the diversity of endophytes in Coffea arabica plants, although few have been described in organic cultures. In the current paper, we describe the chemical profile of specialized metabolites in the ethyl acetate phase in a strain of the endophytic fungus Colletotrichum siamense associated with coffee (Coffea arabica L.) (Rubiaceae) and its potential against tumor cells and bacteria of medical and food importance. Cytotoxicity assays in tumor cells MCF-7 and HepG2/C3A were performed by MTT and microdilution in broth to evaluate the antibacterial action of metabolic extract. The antiproliferative assay showed promising results after 24 h of treatment, with 50% injunction concentrations for the two cell types. UHPLC-MS/MS analyses with an electrospray ionization source were used to analyze the extracts and identify compounds of species Colletotrichum siamense, which is still little explored as a source of active metabolites. Many of these compounds observed in the endophytic need to be chemically synthesized in industry, at high costs, while production by the fungus becomes a chemically and economically more viable alternative. Pyrocatechol, gentisyl alcohol, and alpha-linolenic acid, associated with different mechanisms of action against tumor cells, were detected among the main compounds. The extract of the endophytic fungus Colletotrichum siamense presented several compounds with pharmacological potential and antibacterial activity, corroborating its potential in biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno César do Espírito Santo
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, LBioMic, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rodrigo Pawloski Schoffen
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, LBioMic, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Andressa Domingos Polli
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, LBioMic, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Julio Cesar Polonio
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, LBioMic, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil.
| | - Angela Aparecida da Silva
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, LBioMic, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Benício Alves de Abreu Filho
- Center for Health Sciences, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Michele Cristina Heck
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Paola Pereira Constantin
- Department of Structural, Molecular and Genetic Biology, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcos Pileggi
- Department of Structural, Molecular and Genetic Biology, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Halison Correia Golias
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, LBioMic, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
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8
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Rutz A, Wolfender JL. Automated Composition Assessment of Natural Extracts: Untargeted Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolite Profiling Integrating Semiquantitative Detection. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:18010-18023. [PMID: 37949451 PMCID: PMC10683005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments in mass spectrometry-based metabolite profiling allow unprecedented qualitative coverage of complex biological extract composition. However, the electrospray ionization used in metabolite profiling generates multiple artifactual signals for a single analyte. This leads to thousands of signals per analysis without satisfactory means of filtering those corresponding to abundant constituents. Generic approaches are therefore needed for the qualitative and quantitative annotation of a broad range of relevant constituents. For this, we used an analytical platform combining liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) with Charged Aerosol Detection (CAD). We established a generic metabolite profiling for the concomitant recording of qualitative MS data and semiquantitative CAD profiles. The MS features (recorded in high-resolution tandem MS) are grouped and annotated using state-of-the-art tools. To efficiently attribute features to their corresponding extracted and integrated CAD peaks, a custom signal pretreatment and peak-shape comparison workflow is built. This strategy allows us to automatically contextualize features at both major and minor metabolome levels, together with a detailed reporting of their annotation including relevant orthogonal information (taxonomy, retention time). Signals not attributed to CAD peaks are considered minor metabolites. Results are illustrated on an ethanolic extract of Swertia chirayita (Roxb.) H. Karst., a bitter plant of industrial interest, exhibiting the typical complexity of plant extracts as a proof of concept. This generic qualitative and quantitative approach paves the way to automatically assess the composition of single natural extracts of interest or broader collections, thus facilitating new ingredient registrations or natural-extracts-based drug discovery campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Rutz
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute
of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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9
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Shepherd RA, Earp CE, Cank KB, Raja HA, Burdette J, Maher SP, Marin AA, Ruberto AA, Mai SL, Darveaux BA, Kyle DE, Pearce CJ, Oberlies NH. Sheptide A: an antimalarial cyclic pentapeptide from a fungal strain in the Herpotrichiellaceae. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2023; 76:642-649. [PMID: 37731043 PMCID: PMC10602849 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-023-00655-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
As part of ongoing efforts to isolate biologically active fungal metabolites, a cyclic pentapeptide, sheptide A (1), was discovered from strain MSX53339 (Herpotrichiellaceae). The structure and sequence of 1 were determined primarily by analysis of 2D NMR and HRMS/MS data, while the absolute configuration was assigned using a modified version of Marfey's method. In an in vitro assay for antimalarial potency, 1 displayed a pEC50 value of 5.75 ± 0.49 against malaria-causing Plasmodium falciparum. Compound 1 was also tested in a counter screen for general cytotoxicity against human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), yielding a pCC50 value of 5.01 ± 0.45 and indicating a selectivity factor of ~6. This makes 1 the third known cyclic pentapeptide biosynthesized by fungi with antimalarial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Shepherd
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Cody E Earp
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Kristof B Cank
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Huzefa A Raja
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Joanna Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Steven P Maher
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Adriana A Marin
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Anthony A Ruberto
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Sarah Lee Mai
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | - Dennis E Kyle
- Center for Tropical & Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA.
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10
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Lopez-Ayuso CA, Garcia-Contreras R, Manisekaran R, Figueroa M, Arenas-Arrocena MC, Hernandez-Padron G, Pozos-Guillén A, Acosta-Torres LS. Evaluation of the biological responses of silver nanoparticles synthesized using Pelargonium x hortorum extract. RSC Adv 2023; 13:29784-29800. [PMID: 37829709 PMCID: PMC10565737 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00201b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are one of the widely studied nanomaterials for diverse biomedical applications, in particular, as antimicrobial agents to kill bacteria, fungi, and viruses. In this report, AgNPs were synthesized using a geranium (Pelargonium x hortorum) leaves extract and tested for their antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Using green biosynthesis, the leaves extract was employed as a reducing and stabilizing agent. Synthesis parameters like reaction time and precursor (silver nitrate AgNO3) volume final were modified, and the products were tested against Streptococcus mutans. For the first time, the metabolomic analysis of extract, we have identified more than 50 metabolites. The UV-Vis analysis showed a peak ranging from 410-430 nm, and TEM confirmed their nearly spherical morphology for all NPs. The antimicrobial activity of the NPs revealed a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 10 μg mL-1. Concerning cytotoxicity, a dose-time-dependent effect was observed with a 50% cellular cytotoxicity concentration (CC50) of 4.51 μg mL-1 at 24 h. Interestingly, the cell nuclei were visualized using fluorescence microscopy, and no significant changes were observed. These results suggest that synthesized spherical AgNPs are promising potential candidates for medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Andrea Lopez-Ayuso
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Odontológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) Mexico
- Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory (LII), Nanostructures and Biomaterials Area, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores (ENES) Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Predio el Saucillo y el Potrero, Comunidad de los Tepetates 37684 León Mexico
| | - Rene Garcia-Contreras
- Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory (LII), Nanostructures and Biomaterials Area, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores (ENES) Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Predio el Saucillo y el Potrero, Comunidad de los Tepetates 37684 León Mexico
| | - Ravichandran Manisekaran
- Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory (LII), Nanostructures and Biomaterials Area, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores (ENES) Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Predio el Saucillo y el Potrero, Comunidad de los Tepetates 37684 León Mexico
| | | | - Ma Concepción Arenas-Arrocena
- Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory (LII), Nanostructures and Biomaterials Area, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores (ENES) Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Predio el Saucillo y el Potrero, Comunidad de los Tepetates 37684 León Mexico
| | - Genoveva Hernandez-Padron
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada (CFATA), Departamento de Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Campus Juriquilla Juriquilla 76230 Mexico
| | - Amaury Pozos-Guillén
- Basic Science Laboratory, Faculty of Stomatology, San Luis Potosí University Av. Dr. Manuel Nava #2, Zona Universitaria 78290 San Luis Potosí SLP Mexico
| | - Laura Susana Acosta-Torres
- Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory (LII), Nanostructures and Biomaterials Area, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores (ENES) Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Predio el Saucillo y el Potrero, Comunidad de los Tepetates 37684 León Mexico
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11
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Kiss A, Hariri Akbari F, Marchev A, Papp V, Mirmazloum I. The Cytotoxic Properties of Extreme Fungi's Bioactive Components-An Updated Metabolic and Omics Overview. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1623. [PMID: 37629481 PMCID: PMC10455657 DOI: 10.3390/life13081623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungi are the most diverse living organisms on planet Earth, where their ubiquitous presence in various ecosystems offers vast potential for the research and discovery of new, naturally occurring medicinal products. Concerning human health, cancer remains one of the leading causes of mortality. While extensive research is being conducted on treatments and their efficacy in various stages of cancer, finding cytotoxic drugs that target tumor cells with no/less toxicity toward normal tissue is a significant challenge. In addition, traditional cancer treatments continue to suffer from chemical resistance. Fortunately, the cytotoxic properties of several natural products derived from various microorganisms, including fungi, are now well-established. The current review aims to extract and consolidate the findings of various scientific studies that identified fungi-derived bioactive metabolites with antitumor (anticancer) properties. The antitumor secondary metabolites identified from extremophilic and extremotolerant fungi are grouped according to their biological activity and type. It became evident that the significance of these compounds, with their medicinal properties and their potential application in cancer treatment, is tremendous. Furthermore, the utilization of omics tools, analysis, and genome mining technology to identify the novel metabolites for targeted treatments is discussed. Through this review, we tried to accentuate the invaluable importance of fungi grown in extreme environments and the necessity of innovative research in discovering naturally occurring bioactive compounds for the development of novel cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Kiss
- Agro-Food Science Techtransfer and Innovation Centre, Faculty for Agro, Food and Environmental Science, Debrecen University, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Farhad Hariri Akbari
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Andrey Marchev
- Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Biotechnology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Viktor Papp
- Department of Botany, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 1118 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Iman Mirmazloum
- Department of Plant Physiology and Plant Ecology, Institute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 1118 Budapest, Hungary
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12
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Caesar LK, Butun FA, Robey MT, Ayon NJ, Gupta R, Dainko D, Bok JW, Nickles G, Stankey RJ, Johnson D, Mead D, Cank KB, Earp CE, Raja HA, Oberlies NH, Keller NP, Kelleher NL. Correlative metabologenomics of 110 fungi reveals metabolite-gene cluster pairs. Nat Chem Biol 2023; 19:846-854. [PMID: 36879060 PMCID: PMC10313767 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-023-01276-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Natural products research increasingly applies -omics technologies to guide molecular discovery. While the combined analysis of genomic and metabolomic datasets has proved valuable for identifying natural products and their biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) in bacteria, this integrated approach lacks application to fungi. Because fungi are hyper-diverse and underexplored for new chemistry and bioactivities, we created a linked genomics-metabolomics dataset for 110 Ascomycetes, and optimized both gene cluster family (GCF) networking parameters and correlation-based scoring for pairing fungal natural products with their BGCs. Using a network of 3,007 GCFs (organized from 7,020 BGCs), we examined 25 known natural products originating from 16 known BGCs and observed statistically significant associations between 21 of these compounds and their validated BGCs. Furthermore, the scalable platform identified the BGC for the pestalamides, demystifying its biogenesis, and revealed more than 200 high-scoring natural product-GCF linkages to direct future discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay K Caesar
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Fatma A Butun
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Matthew T Robey
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Navid J Ayon
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Raveena Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - David Dainko
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jin Woo Bok
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Grant Nickles
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | | | | | - Kristof B Cank
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Cody E Earp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Huzefa A Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Nancy P Keller
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Neil L Kelleher
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Proteomics Center of Excellence, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
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13
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Winter HL, Flores-Bocanegra L, Cank KB, Crandall WJ, Rotich FC, Tillman MN, Todd DA, Graf TN, Raja HA, Pearce CJ, Oberlies NH, Cech NB. What was old is new again: Phenotypic screening of a unique fungal library yields pyridoxatin, a promising lead against extensively resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (AB5075). PHYTOCHEMISTRY LETTERS 2023; 55:88-96. [PMID: 37252254 PMCID: PMC10210987 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytol.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Due to the emergence of resistance, the World Health Organization considers Gram-negative pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii a top priority for therapeutic development. Using this priority pathogen and a phenotypic, agar plate-based assay, a unique library of extracts from 2,500 diverse fungi was screened for antimicrobial activity against a highly virulent, drug-resistant strain of A. baumannii (AB5075). The most potent hit from this screen was an extract from the fungus Tolypocladium sp., which was found to produce pyridoxatin. Another active extract from the fungi Trichoderma deliquescens was characterized and yielded trichokonin VII and trichokonin VIII. Evaluation of pyridoxatin against A. baumannii (AB5075) in a broth microdilution assay revealed a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 38 μM, compared to the known antibiotic levofloxacin with MIC of 28 μM. Mass spectrometry, Marfey's analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy analyses confirmed the structures of trichokonins VII and VIII to be consistent with previous reports. In an in vivo Galleria mellonella model, pyridoxatin tested at 150 mg/kg exhibited minimal toxicity (90% survival) and promising antimicrobial efficacy (50% survival) after 5 days. Trichokonins VII and VIII tested at 150 mg/kg were toxic to G. mellonella, with 20% survival and 40% survival after 5 days, respectively. The findings of this project suggest that pyridoxatin may serve as a lead compound for the development of antimicrobials against A. baumannii. They also demonstrate the value of the phenotypic screening approach employed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L. Winter
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Laura Flores-Bocanegra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Kristóf B. Cank
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - William J. Crandall
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Fridah C. Rotich
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Madeline N. Tillman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Daniel A. Todd
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Tyler N. Graf
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Huzefa A. Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | | | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Nadja B. Cech
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
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14
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Shi X, Sun Y, Liu J, Liu W, Xing Y, Xiu Z, Dong Y. Metabolomic Strategy to Characterize the Profile of Secondary Metabolites in Aspergillus aculeatus DL1011 Regulated by Chemical Epigenetic Agents. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010218. [PMID: 36615412 PMCID: PMC9821969 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Chemical epigenetic regulation (CER) is an effective method to activate the silent pathway of fungal secondary metabolite synthesis. However, conventional methods for CER study are laborious and time-consuming. In the meantime, the overall profile of the secondary metabolites in the fungi treated by the CER reagent is not well characterized. In this study, suberohydroxamic acid (SBHA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, was added to a culture of Aspergillus aculeatus DL1011 and a new strategy based on LC-MS/MS analysis integrated with various metabolomic tools (MetaboAnalyst, MS-DIAL, SIRIUS and GNPS) was developed to characterize the profile of induced metabolites. As a result, 13.6%, 29.5% and 27.2% of metabolites were identified as newly biosynthesized, increasing and decreasing in abundance by CER, respectively. The structures of the 18 newly induced secondary metabolites were further identified by the new strategy to demonstrate that 72.2% of them (1 novel compound and 12 known compounds) were first discovered in A. aculeatus upon SBHA treatment. The accuracy of the new approach was confirmed by purification and NMR data analysis of major newly biosynthesized secondary metabolites. The bioassay showed that the newly biosynthesized compounds, roseopurpurin analogues, showed selective activities against DPPH scavenging, cytotoxicity and SHP1 inhibition. Our research demonstrated that CER was beneficial for changing the secondary metabolic profile of fungi and was an effective means of increasing the diversity of active metabolites. Our work also supplied a metabolomic strategy to characterize the profile changes and determine the newly induced compounds in the secondary metabolites of fungi treated with the chemical epigenetic regulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Shi
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yu Sun
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Junhui Liu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Wencai Liu
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Protein Pharmaceutical, Shandong New Time Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linyi 273400, China
| | - Yan Xing
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zhilong Xiu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yuesheng Dong
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- Correspondence:
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15
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Qin GF, Zhang X, Zhu F, Huo ZQ, Yao QQ, Feng Q, Liu Z, Zhang GM, Yao JC, Liang HB. MS/MS-Based Molecular Networking: An Efficient Approach for Natural Products Dereplication. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010157. [PMID: 36615351 PMCID: PMC9822519 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Natural products (NPs) have historically played a primary role in the discovery of small-molecule drugs. However, due to the advent of other methodologies and the drawbacks of NPs, the pharmaceutical industry has largely declined in interest regarding the screening of new drugs from NPs since 2000. There are many technical bottlenecks to quickly obtaining new bioactive NPs on a large scale, which has made NP-based drug discovery very time-consuming, and the first thorny problem faced by researchers is how to dereplicate NPs from crude extracts. Remarkably, with the rapid development of omics, analytical instrumentation, and artificial intelligence technology, in 2012, an efficient approach, known as tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS)-based molecular networking (MN) analysis, was developed to avoid the rediscovery of known compounds from the complex natural mixtures. Then, in the past decade, based on the classical MN (CLMN), feature-based MN (FBMN), ion identity MN (IIMN), building blocks-based molecular network (BBMN), substructure-based MN (MS2LDA), and bioactivity-based MN (BMN) methods have been presented. In this paper, we review the basic principles, general workflow, and application examples of the methods mentioned above, to further the research and applications of these methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Fei Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi 273400, China
- Correspondence: (G.-F.Q.); (J.-C.Y.); (H.-B.L.); Tel.: +86-539-503-0319 (G.-F.Q.)
| | - Xiao Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi 273400, China
| | - Zong-Qing Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi 273400, China
| | | | - Qun Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi 273400, China
| | - Zhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi 273400, China
| | - Gui-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi 273400, China
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Jing-Chun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi 273400, China
- Correspondence: (G.-F.Q.); (J.-C.Y.); (H.-B.L.); Tel.: +86-539-503-0319 (G.-F.Q.)
| | - Hong-Bao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi 273400, China
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Correspondence: (G.-F.Q.); (J.-C.Y.); (H.-B.L.); Tel.: +86-539-503-0319 (G.-F.Q.)
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16
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Chemodiversity and Anti-Leukemia Effect of Metabolites from Penicillium setosum CMLD 18. Metabolites 2022; 13:metabo13010023. [PMID: 36676948 PMCID: PMC9864219 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Penicillium setosum represents a Penicillium species recently described, with little up-to-date information about its metabolic and biological potential. Due to this scenario, we performed chemical and biological studies of P. setosum CMLD18, a strain isolated from Swinglea glutinosa (Rutaceae). HRMS-MS guided dereplication strategies and anti-leukemia assays conducted the isolation and characterization of six compounds after several chromatographic procedures: 2-chloroemodic acid (2), 2-chloro-1,3,8-trihydroxy-6- (hydroxymethyl)-anthraquinone (7), 7-chloroemodin (8), bisdethiobis(methylthio)acetylaranotine (9), fellutanine C (10), and 4-methyl-5,6-diihydro-2H-pyran-2-one (15). From the assayed metabolites, (10) induced cellular death against Kasumi-1, a human leukemia cell line, as well as good selectivity for it, displaying promising cytotoxic activity. Here, the correct NMR signal assignments for (9) are also described. Therefore, this work highlights more detailed knowledge about the P. setosum chemical profile as well as its biological potential, offering prospects for obtaining natural products with anti-leukemia capabilities.
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17
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Hatmaker EA, Rangel-Grimaldo M, Raja HA, Pourhadi H, Knowles SL, Fuller K, Adams EM, Lightfoot JD, Bastos RW, Goldman GH, Oberlies NH, Rokas A. Genomic and Phenotypic Trait Variation of the Opportunistic Human Pathogen Aspergillus flavus and Its Close Relatives. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0306922. [PMID: 36318036 PMCID: PMC9769809 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03069-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal diseases affect millions of humans annually, yet fungal pathogens remain understudied. The mold Aspergillus flavus can cause both aspergillosis and fungal keratitis infections, but closely related species are not considered clinically relevant. To study the evolution of A. flavus pathogenicity, we examined genomic and phenotypic traits of two strains of A. flavus and three closely related species, Aspergillus arachidicola (two strains), Aspergillus parasiticus (two strains), and Aspergillus nomiae (one strain). We identified >3,000 orthologous proteins unique to A. flavus, including seven biosynthetic gene clusters present in A. flavus strains and absent in the three nonpathogens. We characterized secondary metabolite production for all seven strains under two clinically relevant conditions, temperature and salt concentration. Temperature impacted metabolite production in all species, whereas salinity did not affect production of any species. Strains of the same species produced different metabolites. Growth under stress conditions revealed additional heterogeneity within species. Using the invertebrate fungal disease model Galleria mellonella, we found virulence of strains of the same species varied widely; A. flavus strains were not more virulent than strains of the nonpathogens. In a murine model of fungal keratitis, we observed significantly lower disease severity and corneal thickness for A. arachidicola compared to other species at 48 h postinfection, but not at 72 h. Our work identifies variations in key phenotypic, chemical, and genomic attributes between A. flavus and its nonpathogenic relatives and reveals extensive strain heterogeneity in virulence that does not correspond to the currently established clinical relevance of these species. IMPORTANCE Aspergillus flavus is a filamentous fungus that causes opportunistic human infections, such as aspergillosis and fungal keratitis, but its close relatives are considered nonpathogenic. To begin understanding how this difference in pathogenicity evolved, we characterized variation in infection-relevant genomic, chemical, and phenotypic traits between strains of A. flavus and its relatives. We found extensive variation (or strain heterogeneity) within the pathogenic A. flavus as well as within its close relatives, suggesting that strain-level differences may play a major role in the ability of these fungi to cause disease. Surprisingly, we also found that the virulence of strains from species not considered to be pathogens was similar to that of A. flavus in both invertebrate and murine models of disease. These results contrast with previous studies on Aspergillus fumigatus, another major pathogen in the genus, for which significant differences in infection-relevant chemical and phenotypic traits are observed between closely related pathogenic and nonpathogenic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Anne Hatmaker
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Evolutionary Studies Initiative, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Manuel Rangel-Grimaldo
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Huzefa A. Raja
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Hadi Pourhadi
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sonja L. Knowles
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kevin Fuller
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Emily M. Adams
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Jorge D. Lightfoot
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Rafael W. Bastos
- Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Gustavo H. Goldman
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Antonis Rokas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Evolutionary Studies Initiative, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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18
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El-Elimat T, Al-Khawlani AR, Al-Sawalha NA, Sa'ed MM, Al-Qiam R, Sharie AHA, Qinna NA. The effect of beetroot juice on airway inflammation in a murine model of asthma. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14381. [PMID: 35976974 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The effects of beetroot juice on airways inflammation, cytokine levels, and oxidative stress biomarkers were evaluated using an allergen-induced murine model of asthma. Ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized and challenged BALB/c mice were used as an asthma model. BALB/c mice were randomly assigned into four groups: control (Ova sensitization and normal saline challenge), control and beetroot (Ova sensitization and normal saline challenge plus beetroot juice), Ova S/C [Ova sensitization and challenge (Ova S/C)], Ova S/C and beetroot juice (Ova S/C plus beetroot juice). The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was analyzed for total and differential inflammatory cells count. The levels of cytokines [interleukin (IL)-10, IL-13, and IL-18], and oxidative stress biomarkers [glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)] were analyzed in the lung tissue. Simultaneous administration of beetroot juice and Ova S/C significantly increased the total inflammatory cells compared to the control (p = .0001) and Ova S/C (p = .013) groups and significantly increased the number of eosinophils (p ˂ .0001) and macrophages (p ˂ .0001) compared to the control. Moreover, the simultaneous administration of beetroot juice and Ova S/C did not affect the level of IL-10, IL-13, IL-18, GPx, or TBARS compared to the control (p > .05), but it significantly increased the level of catalase (p = .002). Results suggest that beetroot juice aggravates asthma by enhancing airway inflammation. However, it does not affect airway inflammation in healthy mice. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease that is characterized by variable degrees of airways inflammation and obstruction. Paradox data are reported in the literature regarding beetroot and asthma. The present study revealed that beetroot juice exacerbates asthma by enhancing airway inflammation. However, it is safe and has no effects on airway inflammation in healthy mice. Patients having asthma or a history of asthma are advised to avoid the consumption of beetroot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamam El-Elimat
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | | | - Nour A Al-Sawalha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Marwan M Sa'ed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Reema Al-Qiam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ahmed H Al Sharie
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nidal A Qinna
- University of Petra Pharmaceutical Center (UPPC), Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
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19
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Bittremieux W, Wang M, Dorrestein PC. The critical role that spectral libraries play in capturing the metabolomics community knowledge. Metabolomics 2022; 18:94. [PMID: 36409434 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-022-01947-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spectral library searching is currently the most common approach for compound annotation in untargeted metabolomics. Spectral libraries applicable to liquid chromatography mass spectrometry have grown in size over the past decade to include hundreds of thousands to millions of mass spectra and tens of thousands of compounds, forming an essential knowledge base for the interpretation of metabolomics experiments. AIM OF REVIEW We describe existing spectral library resources, highlight different strategies for compiling spectral libraries, and discuss quality considerations that should be taken into account when interpreting spectral library searching results. Finally, we describe how spectral libraries are empowering the next generation of machine learning tools in computational metabolomics, and discuss several opportunities for using increasingly accessible large spectral libraries. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW This review focuses on the current state of spectral libraries for untargeted LC-MS/MS based metabolomics. We show how the number of entries in publicly accessible spectral libraries has increased more than 60-fold in the past eight years to aid molecular interpretation and we discuss how the role of spectral libraries in untargeted metabolomics will evolve in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wout Bittremieux
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Mingxun Wang
- Department of Computer Science, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92507, USA
| | - Pieter C Dorrestein
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
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20
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Kushwaha M, Qayum A, Sharma N, Abrol V, Choudhary P, Murtaza M, Singh SK, Vishwakarma RA, Goutam U, Jain SK, Jaglan S. LC-PDA-MS/MS-Based Dereplication Guided Isolation of a New Optical Isomer of 19,20-Epoxycytochalasin-N and Its Cytotoxic Activity. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:29135-29141. [PMID: 36033687 PMCID: PMC9404496 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The Rosellinia sanctae-cruciana extract was subjected to detailed liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry studies. A total of 38 peaks were annotated to m/z 508.26, m/z 510.28, m/z 524.26, m/z 526.28, m/z 540.26, m/z 542.27, and m/z 584.28 [M + H]+. The accurate mass, mutually supported UV/vis spectra, and database search identified these compounds as cytochalasins. Systematic dereplication helped identify a peak at m/z 540.26 [M + H]+ as the new compound. Further, the identified compound was purified by high-performance liquid chromatography and characterized by 2D NMR to be 19,20-epoxycytochalasin N1, a new optical isomer of 19,20-epoxycytochalasin-N. It exhibited substantial cytotoxicity with IC50 values ranging from 1.34 to 19.02 μM. This study shows a fast approach for dereplicating and identifying novel cytochalasin metabolites in crude extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kushwaha
- Fermentation
& Microbial Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Department
of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143001, Punjab, India
| | - Arem Qayum
- Cancer
Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute
of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research, Jammu Campus, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Nisha Sharma
- Fermentation
& Microbial Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Department
of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Vidushi Abrol
- Fermentation
& Microbial Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Poonam Choudhary
- Fermentation
& Microbial Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Mohd Murtaza
- Fermentation
& Microbial Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research, Jammu Campus, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Shashank K. Singh
- Cancer
Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute
of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research, Jammu Campus, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Ram A. Vishwakarma
- Medicinal
Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of
Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Umesh Goutam
- Department
of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Shreyans K. Jain
- Department
of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Sundeep Jaglan
- Fermentation
& Microbial Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research, Jammu Campus, Jammu 180001, India
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21
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Chemometrics and genome mining reveal an unprecedented family of sugar acid-containing fungal nonribosomal cyclodepsipeptides. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2123379119. [PMID: 35914151 PMCID: PMC9371744 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2123379119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Xylomyrocins, a unique group of nonribosomal peptide secondary metabolites, were discovered in Paramyrothecium and Colletotrichum spp. fungi by employing a combination of high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (HRMS/MS)-based chemometrics, comparative genome mining, gene disruption, stable isotope feeding, and chemical complementation techniques. These polyol cyclodepsipeptides all feature an unprecedented d-xylonic acid moiety as part of their macrocyclic scaffold. This biosynthon is derived from d-xylose supplied by xylooligosaccharide catabolic enzymes encoded in the xylomyrocin biosynthetic gene cluster, revealing a novel link between carbohydrate catabolism and nonribosomal peptide biosynthesis. Xylomyrocins from different fungal isolates differ in the number and nature of their amino acid building blocks that are nevertheless incorporated by orthologous nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) enzymes. Another source of structural diversity is the variable choice of the nucleophile for intramolecular macrocyclic ester formation during xylomyrocin chain termination. This nucleophile is selected from the multiple available alcohol functionalities of the polyol moiety, revealing a surprising polyspecificity for the NRPS terminal condensation domain. Some xylomyrocin congeners also feature N-methylated amino acid residues in positions where the corresponding NRPS modules lack N-methyltransferase (M) domains, providing a rare example of promiscuous methylation in the context of an NRPS with an otherwise canonical, collinear biosynthetic program.
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22
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Rivera-Chávez J, Ceapă CD, Figueroa M. Biological Dark Matter Exploration using Data Mining for the Discovery of Antimicrobial Natural Products. PLANTA MEDICA 2022; 88:702-720. [PMID: 35697058 DOI: 10.1055/a-1795-0562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of novel antimicrobials has significantly slowed down over the last three decades. At the same time, humans rely increasingly on antimicrobials because of the progressive antimicrobial resistance in medical practices, human communities, and the environment. Data mining is currently considered a promising option in the discovery of new antibiotics. Some of the advantages of data mining are the ability to predict chemical structures from sequence data, anticipation of the presence of novel metabolites, the understanding of gene evolution, and the corroboration of data from multiple omics technologies. This review analyzes the state-of-the-art for data mining in the fields of bacteria, fungi, and plant genomic data, as well as metabologenomics. It also summarizes some of the most recent research accomplishments in the field, all pinpointing to innovation through uncovering and implementing the next generation of antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Rivera-Chávez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Corina-Diana Ceapă
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Mario Figueroa
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
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23
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Cank KB, Shepherd RA, Knowles SL, Rangel-Grimaldo M, Raja HA, Bunch ZL, Cech NB, Rice CA, Kyle DE, Falkinham JO, Burdette JE, Oberlies NH. Polychlorinated cyclopentenes from a marine derived Periconia sp. (strain G1144). PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 199:113200. [PMID: 35421431 PMCID: PMC9173697 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Studies on an organic extract of a marine fungus, Periconia sp. (strain G1144), led to the isolation of three halogenated cyclopentenes along with the known and recently reported rhytidhyester D; a series of spectrometric and spectroscopic techniques were used to elucidate these structures. Interestingly, two of these compounds represent tri-halogenated cyclopentene derivatives, which have been observed only rarely from Nature. The relative and absolute configurations of the compounds were established via mass spectrometry (MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, Mosher's esters method, optical rotation and GIAO NMR calculations, including correlation coefficient calculations and the use of both DP4+ and dJ DP4 analyses. Several of the isolated compounds were tested for activity in anti-parasitic, antimicrobial, quorum sensing inhibition, and cytotoxicity assays and were shown to be inactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristóf B Cank
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 435 Patricia A. Sullivan Science Building, Greensboro, NC, 27402-6170, USA
| | - Robert A Shepherd
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 435 Patricia A. Sullivan Science Building, Greensboro, NC, 27402-6170, USA
| | - Sonja L Knowles
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 435 Patricia A. Sullivan Science Building, Greensboro, NC, 27402-6170, USA
| | - Manuel Rangel-Grimaldo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 435 Patricia A. Sullivan Science Building, Greensboro, NC, 27402-6170, USA
| | - Huzefa A Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 435 Patricia A. Sullivan Science Building, Greensboro, NC, 27402-6170, USA
| | - Zoie L Bunch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 435 Patricia A. Sullivan Science Building, Greensboro, NC, 27402-6170, USA
| | - Nadja B Cech
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 435 Patricia A. Sullivan Science Building, Greensboro, NC, 27402-6170, USA
| | - Christopher A Rice
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, 724 Biological Sciences Building, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2607, USA; Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, 335 Coverdell Center 500 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA, 30602-7399, USA.
| | - Dennis E Kyle
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, 335 Coverdell Center 500 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA, 30602-7399, USA.
| | - Joseph O Falkinham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Derring Hall Room 2125, 926 West Campus Drive, Mail Code 0406, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
| | - Joanna E Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, 333 PHARM, MC 781, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 435 Patricia A. Sullivan Science Building, Greensboro, NC, 27402-6170, USA.
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24
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Espinosa-Asuar L, Monroy-Guzmán C, Madrigal-Trejo D, Navarro-Miranda M, Sánchez-Pérez J, Buenrostro Muñoz J, Villar J, Cifuentes Camargo JF, Kalambokidis M, Esquivel-Hernandez DA, Viladomat Jasso M, Escalante AE, Velez P, Figueroa M, Martinez-Cardenas A, Ramirez-Barahona S, Gasca-Pineda J, Eguiarte LE, Souza V. Diversity of an uncommon elastic hypersaline microbial mat along a small-scale transect. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13579. [PMID: 35757167 PMCID: PMC9220918 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the microbial diversity and metabolome profile of an uncommon hypersaline elastic microbial mat from Cuatro Ciénegas Basin (CCB) in the Chihuahuan Desert of Coahuila, México. We collected ten samples on a small scale transect (1.5-m) and described its microbial diversity through NGS-based ITS and 16S rDNA gene sequencing. A very low number of taxa comprised a considerable proportion of the mat and were shared across all sampling points, whereas the rare biosphere was more phylogenetically diverse (Faith's Phylogenetic Diversity (FPD) index) and phylogenetically disperse (using a null model distribution of Phylogenetic Species Clustering (nmdPSC)) than the abundant (high read count) taxa for both analyzed libraries. We also found a distinctive metabolome profile for each sample and were able to tentatively annotate several classes of compounds with relevant biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Espinosa-Asuar
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CdMx, México
| | - Camila Monroy-Guzmán
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CdMx, México
| | - David Madrigal-Trejo
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CdMx, México
| | - Marisol Navarro-Miranda
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CdMx, México
| | - Jazmin Sánchez-Pérez
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CdMx, México
| | - Jhoselinne Buenrostro Muñoz
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CdMx, México
| | - Juan Villar
- Pontifica Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | | | - Maria Kalambokidis
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CdMx, México
| | - Diego A. Esquivel-Hernandez
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CdMx, México
| | - Mariette Viladomat Jasso
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CdMx, México
| | - Ana E. Escalante
- Laboratorio Nacional de Ciencias de la Sostenibilidad, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CdMx, México
| | - Patricia Velez
- Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CdMx, México
| | - Mario Figueroa
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CdMx, México
| | | | - Santiago Ramirez-Barahona
- Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CdMx, México
| | - Jaime Gasca-Pineda
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CdMx, México
| | - Luis E. Eguiarte
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CdMx, México
| | - Valeria Souza
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CdMx, México
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25
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Shankar A, Sharma KK. Fungal secondary metabolites in food and pharmaceuticals in the era of multi-omics. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:3465-3488. [PMID: 35546367 PMCID: PMC9095418 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11945-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Fungi produce several bioactive metabolites, pigments, dyes, antioxidants, polysaccharides, and industrial enzymes. Fungal products are also the primary sources of functional food and nutrition, and their pharmacological products are used for healthy aging. Their molecular properties are validated through the use of recent high-throughput genomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic tools and techniques. Together, these updated multi-omic tools have been used to study fungal metabolites structure and their mode of action on biological and cellular processes. Diverse groups of fungi produce different proteins and secondary metabolites, which possess tremendous biotechnological and pharmaceutical applications. Furthermore, its use and acceptability can be accelerated by adopting multi-omics, bioinformatics, and machine learning tools that generate a huge amount of molecular data. The integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning tools in the era of omics and big data has opened up a new outlook in both basic and applied researches in the area of nutraceuticals and functional food and nutrition. KEY POINTS: • Multi-omic tool helps in the identification of novel fungal metabolites • Intra-omic data from genomics to bioinformatics • Novel metabolites and application in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Shankar
- Laboratory of Enzymology and Recombinant DNA Technology, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Krishna Kant Sharma
- Laboratory of Enzymology and Recombinant DNA Technology, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India.
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26
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Fajardo-Hernández C, Khan FST, Flores-Bocanegra L, Prieto-Davó A, Wan B, Ma R, Qader M, Villanueva-Silva R, Martínez-Cárdenas A, López-Lobato MA, Hematian S, Franzblau SG, Raja HA, García-Contreras R, Figueroa M. Insights into the Chemical Diversity of Selected Fungi from the Tza Itzá Cenote of the Yucatan Peninsula. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:12171-12185. [PMID: 35449929 PMCID: PMC9016812 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cenotes are habitats with unique physical, chemical, and biological features. Unexplored microorganisms from these sinkholes represent a potential source of bioactive molecules. Thus, a series of cultivable fungi (Aspergillus spp. NCA257, NCA264, and NCA276, Stachybotrys sp. NCA252, and Cladosporium sp. NCA273) isolated from the cenote Tza Itzá were subjected to chemical, coculture, and metabolomic analyses. Nineteen compounds were obtained and tested for their antimicrobial potential against ESKAPE pathogens, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and nontuberculous mycobacteria. In particular, phenylspirodrimanes from Stachybotrys sp. NCA252 showed significant activity against MRSA, MSSA, and mycobacterial strains. On the other hand, the absolute configuration of the new compound 17-deoxy-aspergillin PZ (1) isolated from Aspergillus sp. NCA276 was established via single-crystal X-ray crystallography. Also, the chemical analysis of the cocultures between Aspergillus and Cladosporium strains revealed the production of metabolites that were not present or were barely detected in the monocultures. Finally, molecular networking analysis of the LC-MS-MS/MS data for each fungus was used as a tool for the annotation of additional compounds, increasing the chemical knowledge on the corresponding fungal strains. Overall, this is the first systematic chemical study on fungi isolated from a sinkhole in Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos
A. Fajardo-Hernández
- Departamento
de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Firoz Shah Tuglak Khan
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Laura Flores-Bocanegra
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Alejandra Prieto-Davó
- Unidad
de Química en Sisal, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Sisal, Yucatán 97356, Mexico
| | - Baojie Wan
- Institute
for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Rui Ma
- Institute
for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Mallique Qader
- Institute
for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Rodrigo Villanueva-Silva
- Departamento
de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Anahí Martínez-Cárdenas
- Departamento
de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Marian A. López-Lobato
- Departamento
de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Shabnam Hematian
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Scott G. Franzblau
- Institute
for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Huzefa A. Raja
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Rodolfo García-Contreras
- Departamento
de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Mario Figueroa
- Departamento
de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
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27
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Aldrich LN, Burdette JE, de Blanco EC, Coss CC, Eustaquio AS, Fuchs JR, Kinghorn AD, MacFarlane A, Mize B, Oberlies NH, Orjala J, Pearce CJ, Phelps MA, Rakotondraibe LH, Ren Y, Soejarto DD, Stockwell BR, Yalowich JC, Zhang X. Discovery of Anticancer Agents of Diverse Natural Origin. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:702-719. [PMID: 35213158 PMCID: PMC9034850 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Research progress from mainly over the last five years is described for a multidisciplinary collaborative program project directed toward the discovery of potential anticancer agents from a broad range of taxonomically defined organisms. Selected lead compounds with potential as new antitumor agents that are representative of considerable structural diversity have continued to be obtained from each of tropical plants, terrestrial and aquatic cyanobacteria, and filamentous fungi. Recently, a new focus has been on the investigation of the constituents of U.S. lichens and their fungal mycobionts. A medicinal chemistry and pharmacokinetics component of the project has optimized structurally selected lead natural products, leading to enhanced cytotoxic potencies against selected cancer cell lines. Biological testing has shown several compounds to have in vivo activity, and relevant preliminary structure-activity relationship and mechanism of action studies have been performed. Several promising lead compounds worthy of further investigation have been identified from the most recent collaborative work performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie N. Aldrich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Joanna E. Burdette
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | | | - Christopher C. Coss
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Alessandra S. Eustaquio
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - James R. Fuchs
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - A. Douglas Kinghorn
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Amanda MacFarlane
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Brittney Mize
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 24702, United States
| | - Jimmy Orjala
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Cedric J. Pearce
- Mycosynthetix, Inc., Hillsborough, North Carolina 27278, United States
| | - Mitch A. Phelps
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | | | - Yulin Ren
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Djaja Doel Soejarto
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois 60605, United States
| | - Brent R. Stockwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Jack C. Yalowich
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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28
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Flores-Bocanegra L, Al Subeh ZY, Egan JM, El-Elimat T, Raja HA, Burdette JE, Pearce CJ, Linington RG, Oberlies NH. Dereplication of Fungal Metabolites by NMR-Based Compound Networking Using MADByTE. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:614-624. [PMID: 35020372 PMCID: PMC8957573 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Strategies for natural product dereplication are continually evolving, essentially in lock step with advances in MS and NMR techniques. MADByTE is a new platform designed to identify common structural features between samples in complex extract libraries using two-dimensional NMR spectra. This study evaluated the performance of MADByTE for compound dereplication by examining two classes of fungal metabolites, the resorcylic acid lactones (RALs) and spirobisnaphthalenes. First, a pure compound database was created using the HSQC and TOCSY data from 19 RALs and 10 spirobisnaphthalenes. Second, this database was used to assess the accuracy of compound class clustering through the generation of a spin system feature network. Seven fungal extracts were dereplicated using this approach, leading to the correct prediction of members of both families from the extract set. Finally, NMR-guided isolation led to the discovery of three new palmarumycins (20-22). Together these results demonstrate that MADByTE is effective for the detection of specific compound classes in complex mixtures and that this detection is possible for both known and new natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Flores-Bocanegra
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States
| | - Zeinab Y. Al Subeh
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States
| | - Joseph M. Egan
- Department
of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Tamam El-Elimat
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Huzefa A. Raja
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States
| | - Joanna E. Burdette
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of
Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Cedric J. Pearce
- Mycosynthetix,
Inc., Hillsborough, North Carolina 27278, United States
| | - Roger G. Linington
- Department
of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States
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29
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UPLC-HRESI-MS and GC-MS analysis of the leaves of Nicotiana glauca. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2022; 72:97-108. [PMID: 36651530 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2022-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The alkaloid-rich fraction obtained by fractionation of the crude methanolic extract of the leaves of wild tobacco tree Nicotiana glauca Graham (Solanaceae) was analyzed using UPLC-MS and GC-MS. Anabasine, a piperidine alkaloid, was identified as the major constituent with approximately 60 % (m/m) of the alkaloid-rich fraction. In addition to anabasine, six secondary metabolites were identified using high-resolution UPLC-MS. Anabasine was quantified in the leaves to be 1 mg g-1 dry plant material. The GC-MS analysis revealed five compounds with anabasine as the major component, while nicotine was not detected. Moreover, GC-MS was used for the analysis of the volatile oil that was obtained by hydro-distillation from the leaves of N. glauca. The volatile plant oil was found to be rich in oxygenated sesquiterpenes (e.g., β-bisabolol) and carboxylic acids and esters (e.g., ethyl linoleate and hexadecanoic acid), whereas anabasine was not detected.
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Arnason JT, Harris CS, Guerrero-Analco JA. Phytochemistry in the Ethnopharmacology of North and Central America. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:815742. [PMID: 35295322 PMCID: PMC8918843 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.815742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditionally the role of phytochemistry in the ethnopharmacology of North and Central America has been to characterize plant materials so that they can be produced reproducibly for commercial use or to identify active principles in unstudied traditional medicines for drug discovery. With new decolonial objectives coming from Indigenous communities, emphasis has shifted to evaluating the safety and efficacy of traditional medicines and preparations for community use. With new techniques and technologies available, scientific focus has shifted from individual bioactives to more rapid and comprehensive chemical characterizations and polypharmacy of traditional medicines. Untargeted metabolomics and associated statistical treatments have greatly expanded identification of components, improved species and cultivar identification and provided means for identifying multiple activity biomarkers, via chemometric and biochemometric analysis. New integrated techniques are available for identifying multiple active principles and synergists. The recent explosion of information is not without problems that need to be addressed including many unconfirmed tentative identifications of phytochemicals, lack of quantitative testing, superficial chemical activity testing and continuing need for dereplication.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Thor Arnason
- Biology Department, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: John Thor Arnason,
| | - Cory S. Harris
- Biology Department, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Hussein ME, Mohamed OG, El-Fishawy AM, El-Askary HI, El-Senousy AS, El-Beih AA, Nossier ES, Naglah AM, Almehizia AA, Tripathi A, Hamed AA. Identification of Antibacterial Metabolites from Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus fumigatus, Isolated from Albizia lucidior Leaves (Fabaceae), Utilizing Metabolomic and Molecular Docking Techniques. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27031117. [PMID: 35164382 PMCID: PMC8839868 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid spread of bacterial infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus has become a problem to public health despite the presence of past trials devoted to controlling the infection. Thus, the current study aimed to explore the chemical composition of the extract of endophytic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus, isolated from Albizia lucidior leaves, and investigate the antimicrobial activity of isolated metabolites and their probable mode of actions. The chemical investigation of the fungal extract via UPLC/MS/MS led to the identification of at least forty-two metabolites, as well as the isolation and complete characterization of eight reported metabolites. The antibacterial activities of isolated metabolites were assessed against S. aureus using agar disc diffusion and microplate dilution methods. Compounds ergosterol, helvolic acid and monomethyl sulochrin-4-sulphate showed minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 15.63, 1.95 and 3.90 µg/mL, respectively, compared to ciprofloxacin. We also report the inhibitory activity of the fungal extract on DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, which led us to perform molecular docking using the three most active compounds isolated from the extract against both enzymes. These active compounds had the required structural features for S. aureus DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV inhibition, evidenced via molecular docking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai E. Hussein
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt; (O.G.M.); (A.M.E.-F.); (H.I.E.-A.); (A.S.E.-S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Osama G. Mohamed
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt; (O.G.M.); (A.M.E.-F.); (H.I.E.-A.); (A.S.E.-S.)
- Natural Products Discovery Core, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Ahlam M. El-Fishawy
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt; (O.G.M.); (A.M.E.-F.); (H.I.E.-A.); (A.S.E.-S.)
| | - Hesham I. El-Askary
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt; (O.G.M.); (A.M.E.-F.); (H.I.E.-A.); (A.S.E.-S.)
| | - Amira S. El-Senousy
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt; (O.G.M.); (A.M.E.-F.); (H.I.E.-A.); (A.S.E.-S.)
| | - Ahmed A. El-Beih
- Department of Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Eman S. Nossier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11754, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed M. Naglah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.N.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Abdulrahman A. Almehizia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.N.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Ashootosh Tripathi
- Natural Products Discovery Core, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ahmed A. Hamed
- Microbial Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth Street, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
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Oppong-Danquah E, Blümel M, Scarpato S, Mangoni A, Tasdemir D. Induction of Isochromanones by Co-Cultivation of the Marine Fungus Cosmospora sp. and the Phytopathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:782. [PMID: 35054969 PMCID: PMC8775470 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial co-cultivation is a promising approach for the activation of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) that remain transcriptionally silent under artificial culture conditions. As part of our project aiming at the discovery of marine-derived fungal agrochemicals, we previously used four phytopathogens as model competitors in the co-cultivation of 21 marine fungal strains. Based on comparative untargeted metabolomics analyses and anti-phytopathogenic activities of the co-cultures, we selected the co-culture of marine Cosmospora sp. with the phytopathogen Magnaporthe oryzae for in-depth chemical studies. UPLC-MS/MS-based molecular networking (MN) of the co-culture extract revealed an enhanced diversity of compounds in several molecular families, including isochromanones, specifically induced in the co-culture. Large scale co-cultivation of Cosmospora sp. and M. oryzae resulted in the isolation of five isochromanones from the whole co-culture extract, namely the known soudanones A, E, D (1-3) and their two new derivatives, soudanones H-I (4-5), the known isochromans, pseudoanguillosporins A and B (6, 7), naphtho-γ-pyrones, cephalochromin and ustilaginoidin G (8, 9), and ergosterol (10). Their structures were established by NMR, HR-ESIMS, FT-IR, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectroscopy, polarimetry ([α]D), and Mosher's ester reaction. Bioactivity assays revealed antimicrobial activity of compounds 2 and 3 against the phytopathogens M. oryzae and Phytophthora infestans, while pseudoanguillosporin A (6) showed the broadest and strongest anti-phytopathogenic activity against Pseudomonas syringae, Xanthomonas campestris, M. oryzae and P. infestans. This is the first study assessing the anti-phytopathogenic activities of soudanones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Oppong-Danquah
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Product Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Am Kiel-Kanal 44, 24106 Kiel, Germany; (E.O.-D.); (M.B.)
| | - Martina Blümel
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Product Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Am Kiel-Kanal 44, 24106 Kiel, Germany; (E.O.-D.); (M.B.)
| | - Silvia Scarpato
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (S.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Alfonso Mangoni
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (S.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Deniz Tasdemir
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Product Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Am Kiel-Kanal 44, 24106 Kiel, Germany; (E.O.-D.); (M.B.)
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Kiel University, Christian-Albrechts-Platz 4, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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Parker CW, Teixeira MDM, Singh NK, Raja HA, Cank KB, Spigolon G, Oberlies NH, Barker BM, Stajich JE, Mason CE, Venkateswaran K. Genomic Characterization of Parengyodontium torokii sp. nov., a Biofilm-Forming Fungus Isolated from Mars 2020 Assembly Facility. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8010066. [PMID: 35050006 PMCID: PMC8778116 DOI: 10.3390/jof8010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A fungal strain (FJII-L10-SW-P1) was isolated from the Mars 2020 spacecraft assembly facility and exhibited biofilm formation on spacecraft-qualified Teflon surfaces. The reconstruction of a six-loci gene tree (ITS, LSU, SSU, RPB1 and RPB2, and TEF1) using multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) analyses of the strain FJII-L10-SW-P1 supported a close relationship to other known Parengyodontium album subclade 3 isolates while being phylogenetically distinct from subclade 1 strains. The zig-zag rachides morphology of the conidiogenous cells and spindle-shaped conidia were the distinct morphological characteristics of the P. album subclade 3 strains. The MLST data and morphological analysis supported the conclusion that the P. album subclade 3 strains could be classified as a new species of the genus Parengyodontium and placed in the family Cordycipitaceae. The name Parengyodontium torokii sp. nov. is proposed to accommodate the strain, with FJII-L10-SW-P1 as the holotype. The genome of the FJII-L10-SW-P1 strain was sequenced, annotated, and the secondary metabolite clusters were identified. Genes predicted to be responsible for biofilm formation and adhesion to surfaces were identified. Homology-based assignment of gene ontologies to the predicted proteome of P. torokii revealed the presence of gene clusters responsible for synthesizing several metabolic compounds, including a cytochalasin that was also verified using traditional metabolomic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceth W. Parker
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA; (C.W.P.); (N.K.S.)
| | - Marcus de Melo Teixeira
- Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA; (M.d.M.T.); (B.M.B.)
- School of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Nitin K. Singh
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA; (C.W.P.); (N.K.S.)
| | - Huzefa A. Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA; (H.A.R.); (K.B.C.); (N.H.O.)
| | - Kristof B. Cank
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA; (H.A.R.); (K.B.C.); (N.H.O.)
| | - Giada Spigolon
- Biological Imaging Facility, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA;
| | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA; (H.A.R.); (K.B.C.); (N.H.O.)
| | - Bridget M. Barker
- Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA; (M.d.M.T.); (B.M.B.)
| | - Jason E. Stajich
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California—Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA;
| | - Christopher E. Mason
- WorldQuant Initiative for Quantitative Prediction, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Kasthuri Venkateswaran
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA; (C.W.P.); (N.K.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(818)-393-1481; Fax: +1-(818)-393-4176
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Reveglia P, Raimondo ML, Masi M, Cimmino A, Nuzzo G, Corso G, Fontana A, Carlucci A, Evidente A. Untargeted and Targeted LC-MS/MS Based Metabolomics Study on In Vitro Culture of Phaeoacremonium Species. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8010055. [PMID: 35049995 PMCID: PMC8780456 DOI: 10.3390/jof8010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) can be affected by many different biotic agents, including tracheomycotic fungi such as Phaeomoniella chlamydospora and Phaeoacremonium minimum, which are the main causal agent of Esca and Petri diseases. Both fungi produce phytotoxic naphthalenone polyketides, namely scytalone and isosclerone, that are related to symptom development. The main objective of this study was to investigate the secondary metabolites produced by three Phaeoacremonium species and to assess their phytotoxicity by in vitro bioassay. To this aim, untargeted and targeted LC-MS/MS-based metabolomics were performed. High resolution mass spectrometer UHPLC-Orbitrap was used for the untargeted profiling and dereplication of secondary metabolites. A sensitive multi reaction monitoring (MRM) method for the absolute quantification of scytalone and isosclerone was developed on a UPLC-QTrap. Different isolates of P. italicum, P. alvesii and P. rubrigenum were grown in vitro and the culture filtrates and organic extracts were assayed for phytotoxicity. The toxic effects varied within and among fungal isolates. Isosclerone and scytalone were dereplicated by matching retention times and HRMS and MS/MS data with pure standards. The amount of scytalone and isosclerone differed within and among fungal species. To our best knowledge, this is the first study that applies an approach of LC-MS/MS-based metabolomics to investigate differences in the metabolic composition of organic extracts of Phaeoacremonium species culture filtrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Reveglia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71121 Foggia, Italy; (P.R.); (G.C.)
| | - Maria Luisa Raimondo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering, Via Napoli 25, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Marco Masi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (M.M.); (A.C.)
| | - Alessio Cimmino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (M.M.); (A.C.)
| | - Genoveffa Nuzzo
- Institute of Bio-Molecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (G.N.); (A.F.)
| | - Gaetano Corso
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71121 Foggia, Italy; (P.R.); (G.C.)
| | - Angelo Fontana
- Institute of Bio-Molecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICB-CNR), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (G.N.); (A.F.)
- Laboratory of Bio-Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Biology, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Cupa Nuova Cinthia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonia Carlucci
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering, Via Napoli 25, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (A.E.)
| | - Antonio Evidente
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (M.M.); (A.C.)
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (A.E.)
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Chemical Diversity and Antimicrobial Potential of Cultivable Fungi from Deep-Sea Sediments of the Gulf of Mexico. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237328. [PMID: 34885908 PMCID: PMC8659086 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A collection of 29 cultivable fungal strains isolated from deep-sea sediments of the Gulf of Mexico were cultivated under the “one strain, many compounds” approach to explore their chemical diversity and antimicrobial potential. From the 87 extracts tested, over 50% showed antimicrobial activity, and the most active ones were those from cultures grown at 4 °C in darkness for 60 days (resembling deep-sea temperature). PCA analysis of the LC-MS data of all the extracts confirmed that culture temperature is the primary factor in the variation of the 4462 metabolite features, accounting for 21.3% of the variation. The bioactivity-guided and conventional chemical studies of selected fungal strains allowed the identification of several active and specialized metabolites. Finally, metabolomics analysis by GNPS molecular networking and manual dereplication revealed the biosynthetic potential of these species to produce interesting chemistry. This work uncovers the chemical and biological study of marine-derived fungal strains from deep-sea sediments of the Gulf of Mexico.
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Gupta P, Verma A, Rai N, Singh AK, Singh SK, Kumar B, Kumar R, Gautam V. Mass Spectrometry-Based Technology and Workflows for Studying the Chemistry of Fungal Endophyte Derived Bioactive Compounds. ACS Chem Biol 2021; 16:2068-2086. [PMID: 34724607 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive compounds have gained substantial attention in research and have conferred great advancements in the industrial and pharmacological fields. Highly diverse fungi and their metabolome serve as a big platform to be explored for their diverse bioactive compounds. Omics tools coupled with bioinformatics, statistical, and well-developed algorithm tools have elucidated immense knowledge about fungal endophyte derived bioactive compounds. Further, these compounds are subjected to chromatography-gas chromatography and liquid chromatography (LC), spectroscopy-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and "soft ionization" technique-matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) based analytical techniques for structural characterization. The mass spectrometry (MS)-based approach, being highly sensitive, reproducible, and reliable, produces quick and high-profile identification. Coupling these techniques with MS has resulted in a descriptive account of the identification and quantification of fungal endophyte derived bioactive compounds. This paper emphasizes the workflows of the above-mentioned techniques, their advancement, and future directions to study the unraveled area of chemistry of fungal endophyte-derived bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyamvada Gupta
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Ashish Verma
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Nilesh Rai
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Anurag Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Vibhav Gautam
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
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Caesar LK, Montaser R, Keller NP, Kelleher NL. Metabolomics and genomics in natural products research: complementary tools for targeting new chemical entities. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:2041-2065. [PMID: 34787623 PMCID: PMC8691422 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00036e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 2010 to 2021Organisms in nature have evolved into proficient synthetic chemists, utilizing specialized enzymatic machinery to biosynthesize an inspiring diversity of secondary metabolites. Often serving to boost competitive advantage for their producers, these secondary metabolites have widespread human impacts as antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, and antifungal drugs. The natural products discovery field has begun a shift away from traditional activity-guided approaches and is beginning to take advantage of increasingly available metabolomics and genomics datasets to explore undiscovered chemical space. Major strides have been made and now enable -omics-informed prioritization of chemical structures for discovery, including the prospect of confidently linking metabolites to their biosynthetic pathways. Over the last decade, more integrated strategies now provide researchers with pipelines for simultaneous identification of expressed secondary metabolites and their biosynthetic machinery. However, continuous collaboration by the natural products community will be required to optimize strategies for effective evaluation of natural product biosynthetic gene clusters to accelerate discovery efforts. Here, we provide an evaluative guide to scientific literature as it relates to studying natural product biosynthesis using genomics, metabolomics, and their integrated datasets. Particular emphasis is placed on the unique insights that can be gained from large-scale integrated strategies, and we provide source organism-specific considerations to evaluate the gaps in our current knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay K Caesar
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
| | - Rana Montaser
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
| | - Nancy P Keller
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology and Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Neil L Kelleher
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
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Li G, Lin P, Wang K, Gu CC, Kusari S. Artificial intelligence-guided discovery of anticancer lead compounds from plants and associated microorganisms. Trends Cancer 2021; 8:65-80. [PMID: 34750090 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Plants and associated microorganisms are essential sources of natural products against human cancer diseases, partly exemplified by plant-derived anticancer drugs such as Taxol (paclitaxel). Natural products provide diverse mechanisms of action and can be used directly or as prodrugs for further anticancer optimization. Despite the success, major bottlenecks can delay anticancer lead discovery and implementation. Recent advances in sequencing and omics-related technology have provided a mine of information for developing new therapeutics from natural products. Artificial intelligence (AI), including machine learning (ML), has offered powerful techniques for extensive data analysis and prediction-making in anticancer leads discovery. This review presents an overview of current AI-guided solutions to discover anticancer lead compounds, focusing on natural products from plants and associated microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ping Lin
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen-Chen Gu
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Souvik Kusari
- Center for Mass Spectrometry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund 44227, Germany.
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Targeted Isolation of a Cytotoxic Cyclic Hexadepsipeptide from the Mesophotic Zone Sponge-Associated Fungus Cymostachys sp. NBUF082. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19100565. [PMID: 34677465 PMCID: PMC8540034 DOI: 10.3390/md19100565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
LC-MS/MS-based molecular networking facilitated the targeted isolation of a new cyclic hexadepsipeptide, cymodepsipeptide (1), and two known analogues, RF-2691A (2) and RF-2691B (3), from the fungus Cymostachys sp. NBUF082 that was derived from a mesophotic zone Aaptos sponge collected near Apo Island. The constitution and configuration of 1 was elucidated through 1D and 2D NMR-spectroscopy, high resolution mass-spectrometry, and chemical degradations including Marfey's analysis and chiral HPLC. It was observed that 1 was moderately cytotoxic against CCRF-CEM human acute lymphocytic leukemia cells in vitro with the IC50 value of 9.2 ± 1.1 μM.
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Al Subeh ZY, Raja HA, Burdette JE, Falkinham JO, Hemby SE, Oberlies NH. Three diketomorpholines from a Penicillium sp. (strain G1071). PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 189:112830. [PMID: 34157637 PMCID: PMC8292221 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Three previously undescribed diketomorpholine natural products, along with the known phenalenones, herqueinone and norherqueinone, were isolated from the mycoparasitic fungal strain G1071, which was identified as a Penicillium sp. in the section Sclerotiora. The structures were established by analyzing NMR data and mass spectrometry fragmentation patterns. The absolute configurations of deacetyl-javanicunine A, javanicunine C, and javanicunine D, were assigned by examining ECD spectra and Marfey's analysis. The structural diversity generated by this fungal strain was interesting, as only a few diketomorpholines (~17) have been reported from nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Y Al Subeh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, United States
| | - Huzefa A Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, United States
| | - Joanna E Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Joseph O Falkinham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Scott E Hemby
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fred Wilson School of Pharmacy, High Point University, High Point, NC, United States
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, United States.
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Labuda R, Bacher M, Rosenau T, Gasparotto E, Gratzl H, Doppler M, Sulyok M, Kubátová A, Berger H, Cank K, Raja HA, Oberlies NH, Schüller C, Strauss J. Polyphasic Approach Utilized for the Identification of Two New Toxigenic Members of Penicillium Section Exilicaulis, P. krskae and P. silybi spp. nov. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:557. [PMID: 34356936 PMCID: PMC8307998 DOI: 10.3390/jof7070557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new species, Penicillium krskae (isolated from the air as a lab contaminant in Tulln (Austria, EU)) and Penicillium silybi (isolated as an endophyte from asymptomatic milk thistle (Silybum marianum) stems from Josephine County (Oregon, USA)) are described. The new taxa are well supported by phenotypic (especially conidial ornamentation under SEM, production of red exudate and red pigments), physiological (growth at 37 °C, response to cycloheximide and CREA), chemotaxonomic (production of specific extrolites), and multilocus phylogenetic analysis using RNA-polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2), partial tubulin (benA), and calmodulin (CaM). Both new taxa are resolved within the section Exilicaulis in series Restricta and show phylogenetic affiliation to P. restrictum sensu stricto. They produce a large spectrum of toxic anthraquinoid pigments, namely, monomeric anthraquinones related to emodic and chloremodic acids and other interesting bioactive extrolites (i.e., endocrocin, paxilline, pestalotin, and 7-hydroxypestalotin). Of note, two bianthraquinones (i.e., skyrin and oxyskyrin) were detected in a culture extract of P. silybi. Two new chloroemodic acid derivatives (2-chloro-isorhodoptilometrin and 2-chloro-desmethyldermoquinone) isolated from the exudate of P. krskae ex-type culture were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Labuda
- Unit of Food Microbiology, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Food Safety, Food Technology and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
- Research Platform Bioactive Microbial Metabolites (BiMM), Konrad Lorenz Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln a.d. Donau, Austria; (E.G.); (J.S.)
| | - Markus Bacher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln a.d. Donau, Austria; (M.B.); (T.R.)
| | - Thomas Rosenau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln a.d. Donau, Austria; (M.B.); (T.R.)
| | - Erika Gasparotto
- Research Platform Bioactive Microbial Metabolites (BiMM), Konrad Lorenz Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln a.d. Donau, Austria; (E.G.); (J.S.)
| | - Hannes Gratzl
- Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, 3430 Tulln a.d. Donau, Austria; (H.G.); (M.D.); (M.S.)
| | - Maria Doppler
- Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, 3430 Tulln a.d. Donau, Austria; (H.G.); (M.D.); (M.S.)
| | - Michael Sulyok
- Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Strasse 20, 3430 Tulln a.d. Donau, Austria; (H.G.); (M.D.); (M.S.)
| | - Alena Kubátová
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Culture Collection of Fungi (CCF) Charles University, Benátská 2, 128 01 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Harald Berger
- Fungal Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, Institute of Microbial Genetics, University of Natural Resurces and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln a.d. Donau, Austria; (H.B.); (C.S.)
| | - Kristof Cank
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, USA; (K.C.); (H.A.R.); (N.H.O.)
| | - Huzefa A. Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, USA; (K.C.); (H.A.R.); (N.H.O.)
| | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, USA; (K.C.); (H.A.R.); (N.H.O.)
| | - Christoph Schüller
- Fungal Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, Institute of Microbial Genetics, University of Natural Resurces and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln a.d. Donau, Austria; (H.B.); (C.S.)
- Core Facility Bioactive Molecules: Screening and Analysis, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenz Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln a.d. Donau, Austria
| | - Joseph Strauss
- Research Platform Bioactive Microbial Metabolites (BiMM), Konrad Lorenz Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln a.d. Donau, Austria; (E.G.); (J.S.)
- Fungal Genetics and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, Institute of Microbial Genetics, University of Natural Resurces and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln a.d. Donau, Austria; (H.B.); (C.S.)
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Martins T, Schinke C, Queiroz SCN, de C Braga PA, Silva FSP, Melo IS, Reyes FGR. Role of bioactive metabolites from Acremonium camptosporum associated with the marine sponge Aplysina fulva. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 274:129753. [PMID: 33540315 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Acremonium camptosporum, a fungus associated with the marine sponge Aplysina fulva, was collected from the isolated mid-Atlantic Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago, Brazil, and was found to produce secondary metabolites that displayed antibacterial activities. Mass spectra data obtained by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analyses of these extracts were compared to several databases and revealed the presence of several different cytotoxic acremonidins and acremoxanthones. The close association between the sponge and the fungi with its compounds could be of strategic importance in defending both from the high predation pressure and spatial competition in the warm-water scarps of the islands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamires Martins
- Department of Food Science, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil.
| | - Claudia Schinke
- Department of Food Science, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil.
| | - Sonia C N Queiroz
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Environment, Jaguariúna, SP, 13820-000, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia A de C Braga
- Department of Food Science, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil.
| | - Fábio S P Silva
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Environment, Jaguariúna, SP, 13820-000, Brazil.
| | - Itamar S Melo
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Environment, Jaguariúna, SP, 13820-000, Brazil.
| | - Felix G R Reyes
- Department of Food Science, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil.
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Yuan B, Wu Z, Ji W, Liu D, Guo X, Yang D, Fan A, Jia H, Ma M, Lin W. Discovery of cyclohexadepsipeptides with anti-Zika virus activities and biosynthesis of the nonproteinogenic building block (3S)-methyl-l-proline. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:100822. [PMID: 34029593 PMCID: PMC8233208 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The fungal cyclohexadepsipeptides destruxins (DTXs), isaridins (ISDs), and isariins (ISRs) are nonribosomal peptides whose structures include a 19-membered ring composed of five amino acid residues and one α- or β-hydroxy acid residue. These cyclohexadepsipeptides contain unusual nonproteinogenic amino acid-building blocks and possess a range of antiviral, antibacterial, and other activities. The biosynthetic gene clusters for ISDs and ISRs have not been identified, and the biosynthesis of the nonproteinogenic (3S)-methyl-l-proline residue, which is found in DTXs, ISDs, and many other natural products, lacks full characterization. In an ongoing effort to identify compounds that can inhibit the Zika virus (ZIKV), we examined the extract of marine-derived fungus Beauveria felina SX-6-22 and discovered 30 DTXs, ISDs, and ISRs (1-30) including seven new compounds (1-7). The anti-ZIKV assays showed that 9-12 and 16-18 possess inhibitory activities against ZIKV RNA replication and NS5 (nonstructural protein 5) production in ZIKV-infected A549 cells. We sequenced the genome of B. felina SX-6-22 and identified three biosynthetic gene clusters detx, isd and isr, which are responsible for the biosynthesis of DTXs, ISDs, and ISRs, respectively. Comparative analyses of the three gene clusters clarified the biosynthetic relationships among these cyclohexadepsipeptides. Finally, we characterized the entire biosynthesis of nonproteinogenic building block (3S)-methyl-l-proline. The Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductases (P5CRs), also used in the biosynthesis of l-proline, were demonstrated to catalyze the final reduction step in (3S)-methyl-l-proline formation, suggesting potential cross talk between primary and secondary metabolisms. These results provide opportunities for biosynthetic pathway engineering to generate new anti-ZIKV cyclohexadepsipeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bochuan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziwei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Ji
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Donghui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Aili Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongli Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Wenhan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Institute of Ocean Research, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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44
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Al Subeh ZY, Raja HA, Obike JC, Pearce CJ, Croatt MP, Oberlies NH. Media and strain studies for the scaled production of cis-enone resorcylic acid lactones as feedstocks for semisynthesis. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2021; 74:496-507. [PMID: 34155352 PMCID: PMC8313427 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-021-00432-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Resorcylic acid lactones (RALs) with a cis-enone moiety, represented by hypothemycin (1) and (5Z)-7-oxozeaenol (2), are fungal secondary metabolites with irreversible inhibitory activity against protein kinases, with particularly selective activity for inhibition of TAK1 (transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1). Gram-scale quantities of these compounds were needed as feedstock for semi-synthesizing RAL-analogues in a step-economical fashion. To do so, this study had three primary goals: identifying fungi that biosynthesized 1 and 2, enhancing their production by optimizing the fermentation conditions on the lab scale, and developing straight forward purification processes. After evaluating 536 fungal extracts via an in-house dereplication protocol, three strains were identified as producing cis-enone RALs (i.e., MSX78495, MSX63935, MSX45109). Screening these fungal strains on three grain-based media revealed enhanced production of 1 by strain MSX78495 on oatmeal medium, while rice medium increased the biosynthesis of 2 by strain MSX63935. Furthermore, the purification processes were improved, moving away from HPLC purification to utilizing two to four cycles of resuspension and centrifugation in small volumes of organic solvents, generating gram-scale quantities of these metabolites readily. In addition, studying the chemistry profiles of strains MSX78495 and MSX63935 resulted in the isolation of ten other RALs (3-12), two radicinin analogues (13-14), and six benzopyranones (15-20), with 19 and 20 being newly described chlorinated benzopyranones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Y Al Subeh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Huzefa A Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer C Obike
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | | | - Mitchell P Croatt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA.
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45
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Knowles SL, Roberts CD, Augustinović M, Flores-Bocanegra L, Raja HA, Heath-Borrero KN, Burdette JE, Falkinham Iii JO, Pearce CJ, Oberlies NH. Opportunities and Limitations for Assigning Relative Configurations of Antibacterial Bislactones using GIAO NMR Shift Calculations. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:1254-1260. [PMID: 33764773 PMCID: PMC8108483 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Four new bislactones, dihydroacremonol (1), clonostachyone (2), acremodiol B (3), and acremodiol C (4), along with one known compound, hymeglusin (5), were isolated from cultures of two fungal strains (MSX59876 and MSX59260). Both strains were identified based on phylogenetic analysis of molecular data as Clonostachys spp.; yet, they biosynthesized a suite of related, but different, secondary metabolites. Given the challenges associated with elucidating the structures and configurations of bislactones, GIAO NMR calculations were tested as a complement to traditional NMR and HRESIMS experiments. Fortuitously, the enantiomer of the new natural product (4) was known as a synthetic compound, and the predicted configuration from GIAO NMR calculations (i.e., for the relative configuration) and optical rotation calculations (i.e., for the absolute configuration) matched those of the synthesis product. These results engendered confidence in using similar procedures, particularly the mixture of GIAO NMR shift calculations coupled with an orthogonal technique, to predict the configuration of 1-3; however, there were important limitations, which are discussed for each of these. The metabolites displayed antimicrobial activities, with compounds 1 and 4 being the most potent against Staphylococcus aureus with MICs of 1 and 4 μg/mL, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja L Knowles
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States
| | - Christopher D Roberts
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States
| | - Mario Augustinović
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States
| | - Laura Flores-Bocanegra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States
| | - Huzefa A Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States
| | - Kimberly N Heath-Borrero
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Joanna E Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Joseph O Falkinham Iii
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Cedric J Pearce
- Mycosynthetix, Inc., Hillsborough, North Carolina 27278, United States
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States
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El-Elimat T, Raja HA, Figueroa M, Al Sharie AH, Bunch RL, Oberlies NH. Freshwater Fungi as a Source of Chemical Diversity: A Review. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:898-916. [PMID: 33662206 PMCID: PMC8127292 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
As their name indicates, freshwater fungi occur on submerged substrates in fresh water habitats. This review brings together the chemical diversity and biological activity of 199 of the 280 known freshwater fungal metabolites published from 1992 to 2020, representing at least seven structural classes, including polyketides, phenylpropanoids, terpenoids, meroterpenoids, alkaloids, polypeptides, and monosaccharides. In addition to describing what they are, where they are found, and what they do, we also discuss strategies for the collection, isolation, and identification of fungi from freshwater habitats, with the goal of enhancing chemists' knowledge of several mycological principles. We anticipate that this review will provide a springboard for future natural products studies from this fascinating but underexplored group of Ascomycota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamam El-Elimat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Huzefa A. Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Mario Figueroa
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Ahmed H. Al Sharie
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Rick L. Bunch
- Department of Geography, Environment, and Sustainability, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, USA
| | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
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47
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Flores-Bocanegra L, Raja HA, Bacon JW, Maldonado AC, Burdette JE, Pearce CJ, Oberlies NH. Cytotoxic Naphthoquinone Analogues, Including Heterodimers, and Their Structure Elucidation Using LR-HSQMBC NMR Experiments. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:771-778. [PMID: 33006889 PMCID: PMC8005429 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 1700 naphthoquinones have been reported from a range of natural product source materials, but only 283 have been isolated from fungi, fewer than 75 of those were dimers, and only 2 were heterodimers with a head-to-tail linkage. During a search for anticancer leads from fungi, a series of new naphthoquinones (1-4), including two heterodimers (3 and 4), were isolated from Pyrenochaetopsis sp. (strain MSX63693). In addition, the previously reported 5-hydroxy-6-(1-hydroxyethyl)-2,7-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthalenedione (5), misakimycin (6), 5-hydroxy-6-[1-(acetyloxy)ethyl]-2,7-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthalenedione (7), 6-ethyl-2,7-dimethoxyjuglone (8), and kirschsteinin (9) were isolated. While the structure elucidation of 1-9 was achieved using procedures common for natural products chemistry studies (high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HRESIMS), 1D and 2D NMR), the elucidation of the heterodimers was facilitated substantially by data from the long-range heteronuclear single quantum multiple bond correlation (LR-HSQMBC) experiment. The absolute configuration of 1 was established by analysis of the measured vs calculated ECD data. The racemic mixture of 4 was established via X-ray crystallography of an analogue that incorporated a heavy atom. All compounds were evaluated for cytotoxicity against the human cancer cells lines MDA-MB-435 (melanoma), MDA-MB-231 (breast), and OVCAR3 (ovarian), where the IC50 values ranged between 1 and 20 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Flores-Bocanegra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States
| | - Huzefa A Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States
| | - Jeffrey W Bacon
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Amanda C Maldonado
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Joanna E Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Cedric J Pearce
- Mycosynthetix, Inc., Hillsborough, North Carolina 27278, United States
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412, United States
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48
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Study of the active ingredients and mechanism of Sparganii rhizoma in gastric cancer based on HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and network pharmacology. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1905. [PMID: 33479376 PMCID: PMC7820434 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81485-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sparganii rhizoma (SL) has potential therapeutic effects on gastric cancer (GC), but its main active ingredients and possible anticancer mechanism are still unclear. In this study, we used HPLC-Q-TOF–MS/MS to comprehensively analyse the chemical components of the aqueous extract of SL. On this basis, a network pharmacology method incorporating target prediction, gene function annotation, and molecular docking was performed to analyse the identified compounds, thereby determining the main active ingredients and hub genes of SL in the treatment of GC. Finally, the mRNA and protein expression levels of the hub genes of GC patients were further analysed by the Oncomine, GEPIA, and HPA databases. A total of 41 compounds were identified from the aqueous extract of SL. Through network
analysis, we identified seven main active ingredients and ten hub genes: acacetin, sanleng acid, ferulic acid, methyl 3,6-dihydroxy-2-[(2-hydroxyphenyl) ethynyl]benzoate, caffeic acid, adenine nucleoside, azelaic acid and PIK3R1, PIK3CA, SRC, MAPK1, AKT1, HSP90AA1, HRAS, STAT3, FYN, and RHOA. The results indicated that SL might play a role in GC treatment by controlling the PI3K-Akt and other signalling pathways to regulate biological processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and angiogenesis in tumour cells. In conclusion, this study used HPLC-Q-TOF–MS/MS combined with a network pharmacology approach to provide an essential reference for identifying the chemical components of SL and its mechanism of action in the treatment of GC.
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Steenwyk JL, Mead ME, Knowles SL, Raja HA, Roberts CD, Bader O, Houbraken J, Goldman GH, Oberlies NH, Rokas A. Variation Among Biosynthetic Gene Clusters, Secondary Metabolite Profiles, and Cards of Virulence Across Aspergillus Species. Genetics 2020; 216:481-497. [PMID: 32817009 PMCID: PMC7536862 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.120.303549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus is a major human pathogen. In contrast, Aspergillus fischeri and the recently described Aspergillus oerlinghausenensis, the two species most closely related to A. fumigatus, are not known to be pathogenic. Some of the genetic determinants of virulence (or "cards of virulence") that A. fumigatus possesses are secondary metabolites that impair the host immune system, protect from host immune cell attacks, or acquire key nutrients. To examine whether secondary metabolism-associated cards of virulence vary between these species, we conducted extensive genomic and secondary metabolite profiling analyses of multiple A. fumigatus, one A. oerlinghausenensis, and multiple A. fischeri strains. We identified two cards of virulence (gliotoxin and fumitremorgin) shared by all three species and three cards of virulence (trypacidin, pseurotin, and fumagillin) that are variable. For example, we found that all species and strains examined biosynthesized gliotoxin, which is known to contribute to virulence, consistent with the conservation of the gliotoxin biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) across genomes. For other secondary metabolites, such as fumitremorgin, a modulator of host biology, we found that all species produced the metabolite but that there was strain heterogeneity in its production within species. Finally, species differed in their biosynthesis of fumagillin and pseurotin, both contributors to host tissue damage during invasive aspergillosis. A. fumigatus biosynthesized fumagillin and pseurotin, while A. oerlinghausenensis biosynthesized fumagillin and A. fischeri biosynthesized neither. These biochemical differences were reflected in sequence divergence of the intertwined fumagillin/pseurotin BGCs across genomes. These results delineate the similarities and differences in secondary metabolism-associated cards of virulence between a major fungal pathogen and its nonpathogenic closest relatives, shedding light onto the genetic and phenotypic changes associated with the evolution of fungal pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob L Steenwyk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
| | - Matthew E Mead
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
| | - Sonja L Knowles
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina 27402
| | - Huzefa A Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina 27402
| | - Christopher D Roberts
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina 27402
| | - Oliver Bader
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Germany
| | - Jos Houbraken
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gustavo H Goldman
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-900 Brazil
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina 27402
| | - Antonis Rokas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
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Al Subeh ZY, Raja HA, Monro S, Flores-Bocanegra L, El-Elimat T, Pearce CJ, McFarland SA, Oberlies NH. Enhanced Production and Anticancer Properties of Photoactivated Perylenequinones. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:2490-2500. [PMID: 32786877 PMCID: PMC7493285 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Hypocrellins and hypomycins are naturally occurring fungal perylenequinones with potential photodynamic activity against cancer and microbial diseases. This project pursued three lines of research. First, the production of perylenequinones was enhanced by investigating the effect of culture medium and light exposure on their biosynthesis. Solid-fermentation cultures on rice medium allowed for enhanced production of hypocrellins as compared to Cheerios or oatmeal medium. Alternatively, increased production of hypomycins, which are structurally related to the hypocrellins, was observed on oatmeal medium. In both cases, light exposure was an essential factor for the enhanced biosynthesis. In addition, this led to the discovery of two new perylenequinones, ent-shiraiachrome A (5) and hypomycin E (8), which were elucidated based on spectroscopic data. Finally, the photocytotoxic effects of both classes of compounds were evaluated against human skin melanoma, with EC50 values at nanomolar levels for hypocrellins and micromolar levels for hypomycins. In contrast, both classes of compounds showed reduced dark toxicity (EC50 values >100 μM), demonstrating promising phototherapeutic indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Y. Al Subeh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Huzefa A. Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Susan Monro
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, 6 University Avenue, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - Laura Flores-Bocanegra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Tamam El-Elimat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Cedric J. Pearce
- Mycosynthetix, Inc., Hillsborough, North Carolina 27278, United States
| | - Sherri A. McFarland
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, 6 University Avenue, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
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