1
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Silvi E, Wei WJ, Johansson MJ, Himo F, Mendoza A. Uncatalyzed Diboron Activation by a Strained Hydrocarbon: Experimental and Theoretical Study of [1.1.1]Propellane Diborylation. Chemistry 2024:e202402152. [PMID: 38940291 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202402152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of strained carbocyclic building blocks is relevant for Medicinal Chemistry, and methylenecyclobutanes are particularly challenging with current synthetic technology. Careful inspection of the reactivity of [1.1.1]propellane and diboron reagents has revealed that bis(catecholato)diboron (B2cat2) can produce a bis(borylated) methylenecyclobutane in a few minutes at room temperature. This reaction constitutes the first example of B-B bond activation by a special apolar hydrocarbon and also the first time that propellane is electrophilically activated by boron. Mechanistic studies including in situ NMR kinetics and DFT calculations demonstrate that the diboron moiety can be directly activated through coordination with the inverted sigma bond of propellane, and reveal that DMF is involved in the stabilization of diboronate ylide intermediates rather than the activation of the B-B bond. These results enable new possibilities for both diboron and propellane chemistry, and for further developments in the synthesis of methylenecyclobutanes based on propellane strain release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Silvi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (eCVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Pepparedsleden 1, 431 83, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Wen-Jie Wei
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus J Johansson
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (eCVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Pepparedsleden 1, 431 83, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Fahmi Himo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Abraham Mendoza
- Institute of Molecular Science (ICMol), University of Valencia, Calle Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
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2
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Creary X. No-Deuterium Proton (No-D) NMR as a Convenient Method for Analysis of Organic Solvents. J Org Chem 2023; 88:11545-11551. [PMID: 37523712 PMCID: PMC10442915 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
NMR spectra of 25 neat solvents have been recorded using No-D (no-deuterium proton) NMR, and water signals are visible in all spectra. Larger amounts of water can be measured by integration. Water can easily be detected at 0.01% (100 ppm), and amounts can be estimated by comparison with solvent 13C satellite peaks. Molecular sieves efficiently remove water from most solvents such that it cannot be detected by this NMR method. Additives in halogenated solvents and peroxides in ether and THF are also easily detected by No-D NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Creary
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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3
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Tresp DS, Neugebauer H, Grimme S, Hansen A, Prokopchuk DE. Electronic Effects of Aminoindenyl Ligands Coordinated to Manganese: Structures and Properties of a Mn 0 Metalloradical and Bimetallic Mn –I/Mn I Adduct. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David S. Tresp
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University−Newark, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Hagen Neugebauer
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Clausius-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Clausius-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany
| | - Andreas Hansen
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Clausius-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany
| | - Demyan E. Prokopchuk
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University−Newark, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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4
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Napolitano JG, Yang C, Conklin B, He Y, Ochoa JL. Toward the Development of Rapid, Automated Identification Tests for Neat Organic Liquids Using Benchtop NMR Instrumentation. Anal Chem 2022; 94:16095-16102. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José G. Napolitano
- Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Cassie Yang
- Analytical Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Breanna Conklin
- Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Yan He
- Analytical Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Jessica L. Ochoa
- Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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5
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Barth AT, Morales M, Winkler JR, Gray HB. Photoredox Catalysis Mediated by Tungsten(0) Arylisocyanides in 1,2-Difluorobenzene. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:7251-7255. [PMID: 35486113 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have studied the photochemical cyclization of 1-(2-iodobenzyl)-pyrrole (IBP) and 1-(2-bromobenzyl)-pyrrole (BBP) to 5H-pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoindol catalyzed by W(CNDipp)6 (CNDipp = 2,6-diisopropylphenylisocyanide) in 1,2-difluorobenzene (DFB). Irradiation (445 nm) of W(CNDipp)6 (5 mol %) in DFB solution converted 78% of IBP (50 mM) to product after 1 h (16 turnovers). Addition of tetra-n-butyl ammonium hexafluorophosphate (TBAPF6) (0.2 M) to the DFB solution led to rapid photoinduced disappearance of W(CNDipp)6 but, remarkably, did not inhibit photochemical cyclization of IBP, indicating that IBP cyclization could be driven by a nonluminescent photocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra T Barth
- Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Maryann Morales
- Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Jay R Winkler
- Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Harry B Gray
- Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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6
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Kaicharla T, Chinta BS, Hoye TR. Examples Showing the Utility of Doping Experiments in 1H NMR Analysis of Mixtures. J Org Chem 2022; 87:5660-5667. [PMID: 35442679 PMCID: PMC9583569 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c03127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Here we provide examples that demonstrate the value of using properly designed and easily performed doping experiments to give insights about the nature of the analyte(s) present in a 1H NMR sample. Two mixtures, the first quite complex and the second far less so, have been chosen: (i) the crude pyrolysate from reaction of butyric acid in (supercritical) water at 600 °C and (ii) a mixture of two basic amines. In the former, 13 distinct carbonyl-containing compounds, ranging in relative concentration of nearly 2 orders of magnitude, were positively identified. The latter highlights the advantage of using a doping experiment as opposed to merely comparing the spectra from two separate samples containing the same analyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trinadh Kaicharla
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street, SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Bhavani Shankar Chinta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street, SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Thomas R Hoye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street, SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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7
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Ben-Tal Y, Boaler PJ, Dale HJA, Dooley RE, Fohn NA, Gao Y, García-Domínguez A, Grant KM, Hall AMR, Hayes HLD, Kucharski MM, Wei R, Lloyd-Jones GC. Mechanistic analysis by NMR spectroscopy: A users guide. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 129:28-106. [PMID: 35292133 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A 'principles and practice' tutorial-style review of the application of solution-phase NMR in the analysis of the mechanisms of homogeneous organic and organometallic reactions and processes. This review of 345 references summarises why solution-phase NMR spectroscopy is uniquely effective in such studies, allowing non-destructive, quantitative analysis of a wide range of nuclei common to organic and organometallic reactions, providing exquisite structural detail, and using instrumentation that is routinely available in most chemistry research facilities. The review is in two parts. The first comprises an introduction to general techniques and equipment, and guidelines for their selection and application. Topics include practical aspects of the reaction itself, reaction monitoring techniques, NMR data acquisition and processing, analysis of temporal concentration data, NMR titrations, DOSY, and the use of isotopes. The second part comprises a series of 15 Case Studies, each selected to illustrate specific techniques and approaches discussed in the first part, including in situ NMR (1/2H, 10/11B, 13C, 15N, 19F, 29Si, 31P), kinetic and equilibrium isotope effects, isotope entrainment, isotope shifts, isotopes at natural abundance, scalar coupling, kinetic analysis (VTNA, RPKA, simulation, steady-state), stopped-flow NMR, flow NMR, rapid injection NMR, pure shift NMR, dynamic nuclear polarisation, 1H/19F DOSY NMR, and in situ illumination NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Ben-Tal
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick J Boaler
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Harvey J A Dale
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth E Dooley
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom; Evotec (UK) Ltd, 114 Innovation Drive, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 4RZ, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole A Fohn
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrés García-Domínguez
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Katie M Grant
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew M R Hall
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah L D Hayes
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Maciej M Kucharski
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Ran Wei
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Guy C Lloyd-Jones
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom.
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8
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Ohta S, Miura N, Saitoh K, Itoh K, Satoh S, Miyamoto R, Okazaki M. Synthesis and Structures of Bis(indolyl)-Coordinated Titanium Dichlorido Complexes and Their Catalytic Application in the Cyclotrimerization of Alkynes. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shun Ohta
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
| | - Narumi Miura
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Saitoh
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
| | - Keigo Itoh
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
| | - Sora Satoh
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
| | - Ryo Miyamoto
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
| | - Masaaki Okazaki
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
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9
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Verma S, Ravichandiran V, Ranjan N. Selective, pH sensitive, "turn on" fluorescence sensing of carbonate ions by a benzimidazole. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 255:119624. [PMID: 33789191 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anions play crucial roles in the sustenance of life on earth in many ways. Selective detection of specific anions is important in developing new diagnostic tools and therapeutics. A pH-sensitive & selective benzimidazole-based fluorescent sensor has been developed for rapid detection of carbonate ions which can detect carbonate ions in low nanomolar concentrations. NMR based experiments indicate direct interaction of benzimidazole imino protons with the carbonate ions leading to 1:1 ligand carbonate ion complexation events. This is one of the first reports of benzimidazole sensing carbonate ions with high selectivity which may have implications in disease prevention and toxicity assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Verma
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Near CRPF Base Camp, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226301, India; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Velayutham Ravichandiran
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Nihar Ranjan
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Near CRPF Base Camp, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226301, India.
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10
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Jakhar VK, Johnson EC, Kavuturu A, Heller JK, Veige AS, Ghiviriga I. Precise NMR Method for Titering Organometal Reagents. Org Lett 2021; 23:4945-4948. [PMID: 33872036 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The concentration of organometal reagents can be conveniently determined by obtaining the NMR spectra of the neat reagent solution, and, in a second NMR tube, of a neat reference solvent. The PULCON relationship, implemented in all major NMR software, is then used to calculate the concentration of the reagent based on the absolute integrals in the spectra, the known concentration of the reference, and the number of protons under the integrals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet K Jakhar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Eric C Johnson
- Bruker Biospin, 61 Daggett Drive, San Jose, California 95134, United States
| | - Aditya Kavuturu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Jessica K Heller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Adam S Veige
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Ion Ghiviriga
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
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11
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Caleja-Ballesteros HJR, Ballesteros JI, Villena MC. No-D quantitative 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy method for the determination of ethanol in distilled spirits. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.105999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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12
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Abstract
The dramatic expansion of the earth’s population can be directly correlated with the Haber–Bosch process for nitrogen fixation becoming widely available after World War II. The ready availability of artificial fertilizer derived thereof dramatically improved food supplies world-wide. Recently, artificial nitrogen fixation surpassed the natural process. The Haber–Bosch process is extremely energy and green-house gas intensive due to its high-temperature and H2 demands. Many low valent Ti(II) complexes of N2 are known. We report herein a preliminary investigation of the low-valent chemistry of Ti with the CCC-NHC ligand architecture. These CCC-NHC pincer Ti(IV) complexes are readily reduced with KC8 or Mg powder. Preliminary results indicate very different reactivity patterns with alkynes and phosphines for this ligand architecture versus prior ligands. Successful reduction to an intact low-valent (CCC-NHC)Ti complex was confirmed by re-oxidation with PhICl2.
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13
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Abstract
The hydrogenation of unsaturated double bonds with molecular hydrogen is an efficient atom-economic approach to the production of a wide range of fine chemicals. In contrast to a number of reducing reagents typically involved in organic synthesis, hydrogenation with H2 is much more sustainable since it does not produce wastes (i.e., reducing reagent residues). However, its full sustainable potential may be achieved only in the case of easily separable catalysts and high reaction selectivity. In this work, various Pd/C catalysts were used for the liquid-phase hydrogenation of O-, S-, and N-vinyl derivatives with molecular hydrogen under mild reaction conditions (room temperature, pressure of 1 MPa). Complete conversion and high hydrogenation selectivity (>99%) were achieved by adjusting the type of Pd/C catalyst. Thus, the proposed procedure can be used as a sustainable method for vinyl group transformation by hydrogenation reactions. The discovery of the stability of active vinyl functional groups conjugated with heteroatoms (O, S, and N) under hydrogenation conditions over Pd/C catalysts opens the way for many useful transformations.
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14
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Nienałtowski T, Krzesiński P, Baumert ME, Skoczeń A, Suska-Kauf E, Pawłowska J, Kajetanowicz A, Grela K. 4-Methyltetrahydropyran as a Convenient Alternative Solvent for Olefin Metathesis Reaction: Model Studies and Medicinal Chemistry Applications. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2020; 8:18215-18223. [PMID: 33344098 PMCID: PMC7739489 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c06668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A number of metathesis reactions were successfully conducted in 4-methyltetrahydropyran, including both standard model dienes, as well as more complex substrates, such as analogues of biologically active compounds and active pharmaceutical ingredients. To place this solvent in a context of pharmaceutical R + D, larger-scale syntheses of SUAM 1221, a prolyl endopeptidase inhibitor with potential application in Alzheimer disease treatment, and a derivative of sildenafil, an analogue of the popular Viagra drug, were executed. In the latter case, despite all the setup being made in air, the metathesis reaction at a 33 g scale proceeded very well with relatively low catalyst loading and without need of aqueous workup or column chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Nienałtowski
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
- Pharmaceutical
Works Polpharma SA, Pelplińska 19, 83-200 Starogard Gdański, Poland
| | - Paweł Krzesiński
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcel E. Baumert
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Skoczeń
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Suska-Kauf
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jolanta Pawłowska
- Pharmaceutical
Works Polpharma SA, Pelplińska 19, 83-200 Starogard Gdański, Poland
| | - Anna Kajetanowicz
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karol Grela
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
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15
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Chowdhury R, Yu Z, Tong ML, Kohlhepp SV, Yin X, Mendoza A. Decarboxylative Alkyl Coupling Promoted by NADH and Blue Light. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:20143-20151. [PMID: 33125842 PMCID: PMC7705967 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Photoexcited dihydronicotinamides like NADH and analogues have been found to generate alkyl radicals upon reductive decarboxylation of redox-active esters without auxiliary photocatalysts. This principle allowed aliphatic photocoupling between redox-active carboxylate derivatives and electron-poor olefins, displaying surprising water and air-tolerance and unusually high coupling rates in dilute conditions. The orthogonality of the reaction in the presence of other carboxylic acids and its utility in the functionalization of DNA is presented, notably using visible light in combination with NADH, the ubiquitous reductant of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajdip Chowdhury
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Zhunzhun Yu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - My Linh Tong
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Stefanie V Kohlhepp
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Xiang Yin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Abraham Mendoza
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm Sweden
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16
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Smith CJ, Wagle DV, Bhawawet N, Gehrke S, Hollóczki O, Pingali SV, O’Neill H, Baker GA. Combined Small-Angle Neutron Scattering, Diffusion NMR, and Molecular Dynamics Study of a Eutectogel: Illuminating the Dynamical Behavior of Glyceline Confined in Bacterial Cellulose Gels. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:7647-7658. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c04916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chip J. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Durgesh V. Wagle
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Florida Gulf Coast University, 10501 FGCU Boulevard, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Nakara Bhawawet
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sascha Gehrke
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstrasse 4+6, Bonn 53115, Germany
| | - Oldamur Hollóczki
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstrasse 4+6, Bonn 53115, Germany
| | - Sai Venkatesh Pingali
- Biology and Soft Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Hugh O’Neill
- Biology and Soft Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Gary A. Baker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
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17
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A brief introduction to the basics of NMR spectroscopy and selected examples of its applications to materials characterization. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2019-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AbstractNuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is an analytical technique that gives information on the local magnetic field around atomic nuclei. Since the local magnetic field of the nucleus is directly influenced by such features of the molecular structure as constitution, configuration, conformation, intermolecular interactions, etc., NMR can provide exhaustive information on the chemical structure, which is unrivaled by any other analytical method. Starting from the 1950s, NMR spectroscopy first revolutionized organic chemistry and became an indispensable tool for the structure elucidation of small, soluble molecules. As the technique evolved, NMR rapidly conquered other disciplines of chemical sciences. When the analysis of macromolecules and solids also became feasible, the technique turned into a staple in materials characterization, too. All aspects of NMR spectroscopy, including technical and technological development, as well as its applications in natural sciences, have been growing exponentially since its birth. Hence, it would be impossible to cover, or even touch on, all topics of importance related to this versatile analytical tool. In this tutorial, we aim to introduce the reader to the basic principles of NMR spectroscopy, instrumentation, historical development and currently available brands, practical cost aspects, sample preparation, and spectrum interpretation. We show a number of advanced techniques relevant to materials characterization. Through a limited number of examples from different fields of materials science, we illustrate the immense scope of the technique in the analysis of materials. Beyond our inherently limited introduction, an ample list of references should help the reader to navigate further in the field of NMR spectroscopy.
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18
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Davis-Gilbert ZW, Kawakita K, Blechschmidt DR, Tsurugi H, Mashima K, Tonks IA. In Situ Catalyst Generation and Benchtop-Compatible Entry Points for Ti II/Ti IV Redox Catalytic Reactions. Organometallics 2018; 37:4439-4445. [PMID: 31802785 PMCID: PMC6892472 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The development of several in situ generated catalyst systems for Ti-catalyzed oxidative nitrene transfer reactions is reported. The simplest and widely applicable catalyst system, TiCl4(THF)2/Zn0, can be set up on the benchtop under air. This system uses commercially available reagents and can be used as an entry point for TiII/TiIV multicomponent redox reactions for the synthesis of pyrroles, α,γ-unsaturated imines, α,β-unsaturated imines, cyclopropylimines, and arenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary W. Davis-Gilbert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota—Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Kento Kawakita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Daniel R. Blechschmidt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota—Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Hayato Tsurugi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Kazushi Mashima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Ian A. Tonks
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota—Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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19
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Smith CJ, Gehrke S, Hollóczki O, Wagle DV, Heitz MP, Baker GA. NMR relaxometric probing of ionic liquid dynamics and diffusion under mesoscopic confinement within bacterial cellulose ionogels. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:193845. [PMID: 30307178 DOI: 10.1063/1.5016337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chip J. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Sascha Gehrke
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4+6, Bonn 53115, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, Muelheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Oldamur Hollóczki
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4+6, Bonn 53115, Germany
| | - Durgesh V. Wagle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Mark P. Heitz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The College at Brockport SUNY, Brockport, New York 14420, USA
| | - Gary A. Baker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
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20
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Mickelsen K, Zabawa S, Livinghouse T. Diethylzinc-Mediated Metalloamination-Alkylation of N, N-Dimethylhydrazinoalkenes. Catalysis of C-Zn Alkylation Using Simple Cu(I) Salts. Synlett 2018; 29:181-184. [PMID: 31068740 DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1588578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Metalloamination-alkylation of representative N,N-dimethyl-hydrazinoalkenes has been shown to be effectively catalyzed by CuBr-SMe2, CuCN, and Cul. The current method obviates the use of stoichiometric CuCN(LiCl)2 as a promoter for the electrophilic functionalization event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ky Mickelsen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 103 CBB, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Sean Zabawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 103 CBB, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Tom Livinghouse
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 103 CBB, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
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21
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Fallon T, Meek T. Simplified “No-D” NMR Methods for Routine Analysis and Organometallic Reagent Concentration Determination. Org Lett 2017; 19:5752-5755. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Fallon
- Institute of Natural and
Mathematical Sciences, Massey University, 1/5 University Avenue, Albany, Auckland 0632, New Zealand
| | - Tamaryn Meek
- Institute of Natural and
Mathematical Sciences, Massey University, 1/5 University Avenue, Albany, Auckland 0632, New Zealand
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22
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Smith CJ, Wagle DV, O'Neill HM, Evans BR, Baker SN, Baker GA. Bacterial Cellulose Ionogels as Chemosensory Supports. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:38042-38051. [PMID: 29016110 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b12543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To fully leverage the advantages of ionic liquids for many applications, it is necessary to immobilize or encapsulate the fluids within an inert, robust, quasi-solid-state format that does not disrupt their many desirable, inherent features. The formation of ionogels represents a promising approach; however, many earlier approaches suffer from solvent/matrix incompatibility, optical opacity, embrittlement, matrix-limited thermal stability, and/or inadequate ionic liquid loading. We offer a solution to these limitations by demonstrating a straightforward and effective strategy toward flexible and durable ionogels comprising bacterial cellulose supports hosting in excess of 99% ionic liquid by total weight. Termed bacterial cellulose ionogels (BCIGs), these gels are prepared using a facile solvent-exchange process equally amenable to water-miscible and water-immiscible ionic liquids. A suite of characterization tools were used to study the preliminary (thermo)physical and structural properties of BCIGs, including no-deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Our analyses reveal that the weblike structure and high crystallinity of the host bacterial cellulose microfibrils are retained within the BCIG. Notably, not only can BCIGs be tailored in terms of shape, thickness, and choice of ionic liquid, they can also be designed to host virtually any desired active, functional species, including fluorescent probes, nanoparticles (e.g., quantum dots, carbon nanotubes), and gas-capture reagents. In this paper, we also present results for fluorescent designer BCIG chemosensor films responsive to ammonia or hydrogen sulfide vapors on the basis of incorporating selective fluorogenic probes within the ionogels. Additionally, a thermometric BCIG hosting the excimer-forming fluorophore 1,3-bis(1-pyrenyl)propane was devised which exhibited a ratiometric (two-color) fluorescence output that responded precisely to changes in local temperature. The ionogel approach introduced here is simple and has broad generality, offering intriguing potential in (bio)analytical sensing, catalysis, membrane separations, electrochemistry, energy storage devices, and flexible electronics and displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chip J Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia , Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Durgesh V Wagle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia , Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | | | | | - Sheila N Baker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia , Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Gary A Baker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia , Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
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23
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Zuev YF, Litvinov RI, Sitnitsky AE, Idiyatullin BZ, Bakirova DR, Galanakis DK, Zhmurov A, Barsegov V, Weisel JW. Conformational Flexibility and Self-Association of Fibrinogen in Concentrated Solutions. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:7833-7843. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b05654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy F. Zuev
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 420111 Kazan, Russian Federation
- Kazan Federal University, 420000 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Rustem I. Litvinov
- Kazan Federal University, 420000 Kazan, Russian Federation
- Perelman
School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | | | - Bulat Z. Idiyatullin
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 420111 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | | | - Dennis K. Galanakis
- SUNY at Stony Brook School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Artem Zhmurov
- Moscow Institute of Physics & Technology, 141701 Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - Valeri Barsegov
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
- Moscow Institute of Physics & Technology, 141701 Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - John W. Weisel
- Perelman
School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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24
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Companyó X, Burés J. Distribution of Catalytic Species as an Indicator To Overcome Reproducibility Problems. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:8432-8435. [PMID: 28613855 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b05045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Irreproducibility is a common issue in catalysis. The ordinary way to minimize it is by ensuring enhanced control over the factors that affect the reaction. When control is insufficient, some parameters can be used as indicators of the reaction performance. Herein we describe the use of the distribution of catalytic species as an indicator to map, track, and fine-tune the performance of catalytic reactions. This indicator is very sensitive and presents a quick response to variations in the reaction conditions. We have applied this new strategy to the conjugate addition of C-nucleophiles to enals via iminium intermediates, consistently achieving maximum turnover frequencies (TOF) regardless of the quality of the starting materials used. In addition, the present method has allowed us to efficiently reduce the catalyst loading to as little as 0.1 mol %, the lowest one described for this kind of reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Companyó
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London , Exhibition Road, South Kensington, SW7 2AZ London, U.K.,Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua , via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Jordi Burés
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London , Exhibition Road, South Kensington, SW7 2AZ London, U.K.,The University of Manchester, School of Chemistry , Oxford Road, M13 9PL Manchester, U.K
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25
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Perego LA, Blieck R, Groué A, Monnier F, Taillefer M, Ciofini I, Grimaud L. Copper-Catalyzed Hydroamination of Allenes: from Mechanistic Understanding to Methodology Development. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b00911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Alessandro Perego
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris (IRCP), 75005 Paris, France
- 1 Ecole Normale
Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Département de Chimie, PASTEUR, 24, rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
- 2 Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, ENS, CNRS, PASTEUR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Rémi Blieck
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie De Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253 CNRS, AM2N, 8 rue de l’Ecole
Normale, Montpellier Cedex 5 34296, France
| | - Antoine Groué
- 1 Ecole Normale
Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Département de Chimie, PASTEUR, 24, rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
- 2 Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, ENS, CNRS, PASTEUR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Florian Monnier
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie De Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253 CNRS, AM2N, 8 rue de l’Ecole
Normale, Montpellier Cedex 5 34296, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, IUF, 1 rue Descartes, 75231 Paris Cedex 5, France
| | - Marc Taillefer
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie De Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253 CNRS, AM2N, 8 rue de l’Ecole
Normale, Montpellier Cedex 5 34296, France
| | - Ilaria Ciofini
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris (IRCP), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Laurence Grimaud
- 1 Ecole Normale
Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Département de Chimie, PASTEUR, 24, rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
- 2 Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, ENS, CNRS, PASTEUR, 75005 Paris, France
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26
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Tribby AL, Rodríguez I, Shariffudin S, Ball ND. Pd-Catalyzed Conversion of Aryl Iodides to Sulfonyl Fluorides Using SO2 Surrogate DABSO and Selectfluor. J Org Chem 2017; 82:2294-2299. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ariana L. Tribby
- Department
of Chemistry, Pomona College, 645 North College Avenue, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Ismeraí Rodríguez
- Department
of Chemistry, Pomona College, 645 North College Avenue, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Shamira Shariffudin
- Department
of Chemistry, Amherst College, AC #2243, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002-5000, United States
| | - Nicholas D. Ball
- Department
of Chemistry, Pomona College, 645 North College Avenue, Claremont, California 91711, United States
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27
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Stéen EJL, Nyberg N, Lehel S, Andersen VL, Di Pilato P, Knudsen GM, Kristensen JL, Herth MM. Development of a simple proton nuclear magnetic resonance-based procedure to estimate the approximate distribution coefficient at physiological pH (log D 7.4 ): Evaluation and comparison to existing practices. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:319-322. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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28
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Wang Y, Liu J, Huang L, Zhu R, Huang X, Moir R, Huang J. KOtBu-Catalyzed lithiation of PMDTA and the direct functionalization of bridged alkenes under mild conditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:4589-4592. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02006f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A practical preparation of the reagent PMDTALi using a super base system under mild conditions has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
| | - Jialin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
| | - Lin Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
| | - Ranran Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
| | - Xueyan Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
| | - Ross Moir
- School of Chemistry
- University of Edinburgh
- UK
| | - Jianhui Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
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29
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Gouilleux B, Charrier B, Akoka S, Felpin FX, Rodriguez-Zubiri M, Giraudeau P. Ultrafast 2D NMR on a benchtop spectrometer: Applications and perspectives. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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30
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Pan M, Cao N, Lin W, Luo X, Chen K, Che S, Li H, Wang C. Reversible CO2 Capture by Conjugated Ionic Liquids through Dynamic Covalent Carbon-Oxygen Bonds. CHEMSUSCHEM 2016; 9:2351-2357. [PMID: 27458723 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201600402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The strong chemisorption of CO2 is always accompanied by a high absorption enthalpy, and traditional methods to reduce the absorption enthalpy lead to decreased CO2 capacities. Through the introduction of a large π-conjugated structure into the anion, a dual-tuning approach for the improvement of CO2 capture by anion-functionalized ionic liquids (ILs) resulted in a high capacity of up to 0.96 molCO2 mol-1IL and excellent reversibility. The increased capacity and improved desorption were supported by quantum chemical calculations, spectroscopic investigations, and thermogravimetric analysis. The increased capacity may be a result of the strengthened dynamic covalent bonds in these π-electron-conjugated structures through anion aggregation upon the uptake of CO2 , and the improved desorption originates from the charge dispersion of interaction sites through the large π-electron delocalization. These results provide important insights into effective strategies for CO2 capture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingguang Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Ningning Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Kaihong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Siying Che
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Congmin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China.
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31
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Helgert TR, Zhang X, Box HK, Denny JA, Valle HU, Oliver AG, Akurathi G, Webster CE, Hollis TK. Extreme π-Loading as a Design Element for Accessing Imido Ligand Reactivity. A CCC-NHC Pincer Tantalum Bis(imido) Complex: Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Oxidative Amination of Alkenes. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Theodore R. Helgert
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for Computational Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi 38655, United States
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for Computational Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Hannah K. Box
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for Computational Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Jason A. Denny
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for Computational Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Henry U. Valle
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for Computational Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Allen G. Oliver
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Gopalakrishna Akurathi
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for Computational Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Charles Edwin Webster
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for Computational Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - T. Keith Hollis
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for Computational Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi 38655, United States
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32
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Butler BJ, Thomas DS, Hook JM, Harper JB. NMR spectroscopy to follow reaction progress in ionic liquids. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2016; 54:423-428. [PMID: 25287592 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In order to understand reaction outcomes in ionic liquids, it is crucial to be able to follow the progress of these reactions. This review highlights the advantages of NMR spectroscopy over other analytical techniques in following reaction progress in ionic liquids, particularly addressing the practical aspects of the methodology and highlighting the range of processes that can be readily followed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley J Butler
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Donald S Thomas
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - James M Hook
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Jason B Harper
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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33
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Foley DA, Dunn AL, Zell MT. Reaction monitoring using online vs tube NMR spectroscopy: seriously different results. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2016; 54:451-456. [PMID: 26248898 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report findings from the qualitative evaluation of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) reaction monitoring techniques of how each relates to the kinetic profile of a reaction process. The study highlights key reaction rate differences observed between the various NMR reaction monitoring methods investigated: online NMR, static NMR tubes, and periodic inversion of NMR tubes. The analysis of three reaction processes reveals that rates derived from NMR analysis are highly dependent on monitoring method. These findings indicate that users must be aware of the effect of their monitoring method upon the kinetic rate data derived from NMR analysis. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Foley
- Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 445 Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Anna L Dunn
- Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 445 Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Mark T Zell
- Analytical Research and Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 445 Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
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34
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Li Z, Hammond GB, Xu B. Quantification of hydrogen fluoride-based reagents using a bifunctional NMR internal standard. J Fluor Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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35
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A simple and accurate protocol for absolute polar metabolite quantification in cell cultures using quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance. Anal Biochem 2016; 501:26-34. [PMID: 26898303 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Absolute analyte quantification by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is rarely pursued in metabolomics, even though this would allow researchers to compare results obtained using different techniques. Here we report on a new protocol that permits, after pH-controlled serum protein removal, the sensitive quantification (limit of detection [LOD] = 5-25 μM) of hydrophilic nutrients and metabolites in the extracellular medium of cells in cultures. The method does not require the use of databases and uses PULCON (pulse length-based concentration determination) quantitative NMR to obtain results that are significantly more accurate and reproducible than those obtained by CPMG (Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill) sequence or post-processing filtering approaches. Three practical applications of the method highlight its flexibility under different cell culture conditions. We identified and quantified (i) metabolic differences between genetically engineered human cell lines, (ii) alterations in cellular metabolism induced by differentiation of mouse myoblasts into myotubes, and (iii) metabolic changes caused by activation of neurotransmitter receptors in mouse myoblasts. Thus, the new protocol offers an easily implementable, efficient, and versatile tool for the investigation of cellular metabolism and signal transduction.
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36
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Hall AMR, Chouler JC, Codina A, Gierth PT, Lowe JP, Hintermair U. Practical aspects of real-time reaction monitoring using multi-nuclear high resolution FlowNMR spectroscopy. Catal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cy01754a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
FlowNMR spectroscopy is an excellent technique for non-invasive real-time reaction monitoring under relevant conditions that avoids many of the limitations that bedevil other reaction monitoring techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M. R. Hall
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
| | - Jonathan C. Chouler
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
| | | | | | - John P. Lowe
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
| | - Ulrich Hintermair
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
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37
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Sidorowicz K, Ratkiewicz A, Nodzewska A, Lazny R. Determination of the N-invertomer stereochemistry in N-substituted nortropanones and norgranatanones using computational and NMR methods. CR CHIM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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38
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Gouilleux B, Charrier B, Danieli E, Dumez JN, Akoka S, Felpin FX, Rodriguez-Zubiri M, Giraudeau P. Real-time reaction monitoring by ultrafast 2D NMR on a benchtop spectrometer. Analyst 2015; 140:7854-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an01998b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ultrafast 2D NMR spectra are recorded on a compact spectrometer to follow in real time a reaction in the synthetic chemistry laboratory. Complex reactions can be monitored in non-deuterated solvents to confirm in real time the molecular structure of the compounds involved in the reaction while giving access to relevant kinetic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ernesto Danieli
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie (ITMC)
- RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
| | - Jean-Nicolas Dumez
- CNRS UPR2301
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles
- 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex
- France
| | - Serge Akoka
- CEISAM CNRS
- UMR6230
- Université de Nantes
- 44322 Nantes
- France
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39
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Gama LA, Merlo BB, Lacerda V, Romão W, Neto AC. No-deuterium proton NMR (No-D NMR): A simple, fast and powerful method for analyses of illegal drugs. Microchem J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2014.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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40
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Antonov AS, Pozharskii AF, Ozeryanskii VA, Filarowski A, Suponitsky KY, Tolstoy PM, Vovk MA. Ring lithiation of 1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene: another side of the ‘proton sponge coin’. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:17756-66. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt02482j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A set of X-ray, multinuclear NMR and DFT approaches was used to address a question of selectivity, relative stability and enhanced reactivity of ring lithiated 1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S. Antonov
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Southern Federal University
- 344090 Rostov-on-Don
- Russian Federation
| | - Alexander F. Pozharskii
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Southern Federal University
- 344090 Rostov-on-Don
- Russian Federation
| | - Valery A. Ozeryanskii
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Southern Federal University
- 344090 Rostov-on-Don
- Russian Federation
| | - Aleksander Filarowski
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Wroclaw
- 50-383 Wroclaw
- Poland
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics
| | - Kyrill Yu. Suponitsky
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - Peter M. Tolstoy
- Department of Chemistry
- St. Petersburg State University
- 198504 St. Petersburg
- Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail A. Vovk
- Department of Chemistry
- St. Petersburg State University
- 198504 St. Petersburg
- Russian Federation
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41
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Bolton JM, Hillmyer MA, Hoye TR. Sustainable Thermoplastic Elastomers from Terpene-Derived Monomers. ACS Macro Lett 2014; 3:717-720. [PMID: 35590688 DOI: 10.1021/mz500339h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
ABA triblock polymers were prepared by living anionic polymerization of the pinene-derivable monomers α-methyl-p-methylstyrene and myrcene. The resulting thermoplastic elastomers displayed microphase separation at moderate molar mass, an upper service temperature about 70 °C higher than traditional petroleum-derived styrenic thermoplastic elastomers, competitive tensile strengths of up to 10 MPa, impressive ultimate elongations of up to 1300%, and remarkably low energy loss recovery attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M. Bolton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Marc A. Hillmyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Thomas R. Hoye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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42
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Bluemke TD, Clegg W, García-Alvarez P, Kennedy AR, Koszinowski K, McCall MD, Russo L, Hevia E. Structural and reactivity insights in Mg–Zn hybrid chemistry: Zn–I exchange and Pd-catalysed cross-coupling applications of aromatic substrates. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4sc01263a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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43
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Bobbitt JM, Bartelson AL, Bailey WF, Hamlin TA, Kelly CB. Oxoammonium Salt Oxidations of Alcohols in the Presence of Pyridine Bases. J Org Chem 2014; 79:1055-67. [DOI: 10.1021/jo402519m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James M. Bobbitt
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Ashley L. Bartelson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Seton Hill University, 1 Seton Hill Drive, Greensburg, Pennsylvania 15601, United States
| | - William F. Bailey
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Trevor A. Hamlin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Christopher B. Kelly
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
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44
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45
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Corbett MT, Johnson JS. Dynamic kinetic asymmetric transformations of β-stereogenic α-ketoesters by direct aldolization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 53:255-9. [PMID: 24222195 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201306873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic kinetic asymmetric transformations (DyKAT) of racemic β-bromo-α-keto esters by direct aldolization of nitromethane and acetone provide access to fully substituted α-glycolic acid derivatives bearing a β-stereocenter. The aldol adducts are obtained in excellent yield with high relative and absolute stereocontrol under mild reaction conditions. Mechanistic studies determined that the reactions proceed through a facile catalyst-mediated racemization of the β-bromo-α-keto esters under a DyKAT Type I manifold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Corbett
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 (USA) http://www.unc.edu/jsjgroup/Home.html
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46
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Corbett MT, Johnson JS. Dynamic Kinetic Asymmetric Transformations of β-Stereogenic α-Ketoesters by Direct Aldolization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201306873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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47
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Alkane desaturation by concerted double hydrogen atom transfer to benzyne. Nature 2013; 501:531-4. [PMID: 24067712 PMCID: PMC3818522 DOI: 10.1038/nature12492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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48
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Lazny R, Wolosewicz K. An expedient preparation of amine-free lithium enolates using immobilized amide reagents. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.12.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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49
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Lazny R, Ratkiewicz A, Nodzewska A, Wynimko A, Siergiejczyk L. Determination of the N-methyl stereochemistry in tropane and granatane derivatives in solution: a computational and NMR spectroscopic study. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.05.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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50
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Clay DR, McIntosh MC. Anomalies in the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of several polycyclic meso compounds. Tetrahedron Lett 2012; 53:1691-1694. [PMID: 22707800 PMCID: PMC3374411 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.12.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Over the course of developing a multigram scale preparation of epoxy quinol 1 via asymmetric transfer hydrogenation (ATH) using the Noyori Ru(arene)(S,S-TsDPEN) catalysts, we observed several unexpected phenomena, including (i) chemoselective alkene vs ketone reduction of an enedione, (ii) a significant arene ligand effect (p-cymene vs. mesitylene) on the reaction pathway, and (iii) solvent-based reversal of the sense of enantioinduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R. Clay
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701
| | - Matthias C. McIntosh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701
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