1
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Wei H, Hou X, Xu T, Zou Y, Li G, Wu S, Geng Y, Wu J. Solution‐Phase Synthesis and Isolation of An Aza‐Triangulene and Its Cation in Crystalline Form. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210386. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Wei
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin University Binhai New City Fuzhou 350207 China
| | - Xudong Hou
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Tingting Xu
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Ya Zou
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Guangwu Li
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Shaofei Wu
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Yanhou Geng
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin University Binhai New City Fuzhou 350207 China
| | - Jishan Wu
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin University Binhai New City Fuzhou 350207 China
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2
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Wei H, Hou X, Xu T, Zou Y, Li G, Wu S, Geng Y, Wu J. Solution‐Phase Synthesis and Isolation of An Aza‐Triangulene and Its Cation in Crystalline Form. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202210386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Wei
- National University of Singapore Chemistry SINGAPORE
| | - Xudong Hou
- National University of Singapore Chemistry SINGAPORE
| | - Tingting Xu
- National University of Singapore Chemistry SINGAPORE
| | - Ya Zou
- National University of Singapore Chemistry SINGAPORE
| | - Guangwu Li
- National University of Singapore Chemistry SINGAPORE
| | - Shaofei Wu
- National University of Singapore Chemistry SINGAPORE
| | - Yanhou Geng
- National University of Singapore Chemistry SINGAPORE
| | - Jishan Wu
- National University of Singapore Chemistry 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore SINGAPORE
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3
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Ajayakumar MR, Ma J, Feng X. π‐Extended peri‐Acenes: Recent Progress in Synthesis and Characterization. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. R. Ajayakumar
- Dresden University of Technology: Technische Universitat Dresden Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Dresden GERMANY
| | - Ji Ma
- Dresden University of Technology: Technische Universitat Dresden Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry 01069 Dresden GERMANY
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Technische Universitaet Dresden Chair for Molecular Functional Materials Mommsenstrasse 4 01062 Dresden GERMANY
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4
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Guo Y, Ding S, Zhang N, Xu Z, Wu S, Hu J, Xiang Q, Li ZY, Chen X, Sato S, Wu J, Sun Z. π-Extended Doublet Open-Shell Graphene Fragments Exhibiting One-Dimensional Chain Stacking. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:2095-2100. [PMID: 35099946 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The hitherto elusive benzo[c]anthanthrenyl radical derivatives composed of seven fused six-membered rings are synthesized and isolated in the crystalline form, representing a laterally π-extended doublet open-shell graphene fragment compared to the phenalenyl and olympicenyl radical structures. X-ray crystallographic analysis revealed one-dimensional chain stacking with relatively close intermolecular contacts, which is an important precondition for achieving single-component conductors. The magnetic, optical, and redox properties are investigated in the solution phase. In combination with the good stability, such open-shell molecular systems have potentials as functional electronic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng Guo
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Shuaishuai Ding
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhuofan Xu
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Shaofei Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Jinlian Hu
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Qin Xiang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhao-Yang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Educational Park, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Sota Sato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Integrated Molecular Structure Analysis Laboratory, Social Cooperation Program, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Jishan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Zhe Sun
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
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5
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Yubuta A, Tsurusaki A, Kamikawa K. Transformation from triple helicene to double helicene embedding adjacent stereogenic carbon atoms and axial stereogenicity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:6600-6603. [PMID: 34132274 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02393d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Transformation of triple helicene (TH) to double helicene (DH) with adjacent stereogenic carbon atoms and axial stereogenicity was achieved by the unexpected conjugate addition to the central aromatic ring of TH-1. We also studied the boundary at which different reactivities to addition reactions occur in some helicenes with different π-extension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Yubuta
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akihiro Tsurusaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Ken Kamikawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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6
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Ajayakumar MR, Ma J, Lucotti A, Schellhammer KS, Serra G, Dmitrieva E, Rosenkranz M, Komber H, Liu J, Ortmann F, Tommasini M, Feng X. Persistent peri-Heptacene: Synthesis and In Situ Characterization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:13853-13858. [PMID: 33848044 PMCID: PMC8251907 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
n‐peri‐Acenes (n‐PAs) have gained interest as model systems of zigzag‐edged graphene nanoribbons for potential applications in nanoelectronics and spintronics. However, the synthesis of n‐PAs larger than peri‐tetracene remains challenging because of their intrinsic open‐shell character and high reactivity. Presented here is the synthesis of a hitherto unknown n‐PA, that is, peri‐heptacene (7‐PA), in which the reactive zigzag edges are kinetically protected with eight 4‐tBu‐C6H4 groups. The formation of 7‐PA is validated by high‐resolution mass spectrometry and in situ FT‐Raman spectroscopy. 7‐PA displays a narrow optical energy gap of 1.01 eV and exhibits persistent stability (t1/2≈25 min) under inert conditions. Moreover, electron‐spin resonance measurements and theoretical studies reveal that 7‐PA exhibits an open‐shell feature and a significant tetraradical character. This strategy could be considered a modular approach for the construction of next‐generation (3 N+1)‐PAs (where N≥3).
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Ajayakumar
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ji Ma
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andrea Lucotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Karl Sebastian Schellhammer
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 18, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gianluca Serra
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Evgenia Dmitrieva
- Center of Spectroelectrochemistry, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW), Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marco Rosenkranz
- Center of Spectroelectrochemistry, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW), Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hartmut Komber
- Leibniz-Institut for Polymerforschung Dresden e. V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Junzhi Liu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, 999077, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Frank Ortmann
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 18, 01069, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany
| | - Matteo Tommasini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
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7
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Ribar P, Valenta L, Šolomek T, Juríček M. Rules of Nucleophilic Additions to Zigzag Nanographene Diones*. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:13521-13528. [PMID: 33645878 PMCID: PMC8251702 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Nucleophilic addition of carbon-centered nucleophiles to nanographene ketones represents a valuable late-stage method for the functionalization of zigzag nanographenes, but its use is rare in the chemical literature. Using two model systems, non-Kekulé triangulene-4,8-dione and Kekulé anthanthrone, we identify unexpected regioselectivities and uncover the rules that govern these reactions. Considering the large number of nanographene ketones that have been reported since the pioneering work of Eric Clar, this method enables synthesis and exploration of hitherto unknown functionalized nanographenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Ribar
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BaselSt. Johanns-Ring 194056BaselSwitzerland
| | - Leoš Valenta
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057ZurichSwitzerland
| | - Tomáš Šolomek
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BaselSt. Johanns-Ring 194056BaselSwitzerland
- Prievidza Chemical SocietyM. Hodžu 10/16971 01PrievidzaSlovak Republic
- Current address: Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BernFreiestrasse 33012BernSwitzerland
| | - Michal Juríček
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057ZurichSwitzerland
- Prievidza Chemical SocietyM. Hodžu 10/16971 01PrievidzaSlovak Republic
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8
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Ribar P, Valenta L, Šolomek T, Juríček M. Rules of Nucleophilic Additions to Zigzag Nanographene Diones**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Ribar
- Department of Chemistry University of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Leoš Valenta
- Department of Chemistry University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Tomáš Šolomek
- Department of Chemistry University of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
- Prievidza Chemical Society M. Hodžu 10/16 971 01 Prievidza Slovak Republic
- Current address: Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Michal Juríček
- Department of Chemistry University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
- Prievidza Chemical Society M. Hodžu 10/16 971 01 Prievidza Slovak Republic
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9
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Ajayakumar MR, Ma J, Lucotti A, Schellhammer KS, Serra G, Dmitrieva E, Rosenkranz M, Komber H, Liu J, Ortmann F, Tommasini M, Feng X. Persistent
peri
‐Heptacene: Synthesis and In Situ Characterization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. R. Ajayakumar
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Ji Ma
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Andrea Lucotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta” Politecnico di Milano Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Karl Sebastian Schellhammer
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden Technische Universität Dresden Helmholtzstraße 18 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Gianluca Serra
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta” Politecnico di Milano Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Evgenia Dmitrieva
- Center of Spectroelectrochemistry Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW) Helmholtzstraße 20 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Marco Rosenkranz
- Center of Spectroelectrochemistry Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW) Helmholtzstraße 20 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Hartmut Komber
- Leibniz-Institut for Polymerforschung Dresden e. V. Hohe Straße 6 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Junzhi Liu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01062 Dresden Germany
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road 999077 Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Frank Ortmann
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden Technische Universität Dresden Helmholtzstraße 18 01069 Dresden Germany
- Department of Chemistry Technische Universität München Lichtenbergstr. 4 85748 Garching b. München Germany
| | - Matteo Tommasini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta” Politecnico di Milano Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstrasse 4 01062 Dresden Germany
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10
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11
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Mamada M, Nakamura R, Adachi C. Synthesis, crystal structure and charge transport characteristics of stable peri-tetracene analogues. Chem Sci 2020; 12:552-558. [PMID: 34163785 PMCID: PMC8178977 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04699j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
peri-Acenes have shown great potential for use as functional materials because of their open-shell singlet biradical character. However, only a limited number of peri-acene derivatives larger than peri-tetracene have been synthesized to date, presumably owing to the low stability of the target compounds in addition to the complicated synthesis scheme. Here, a very simple synthesis route for the tetrabenzo[a,f,j,o]perylene (TBP) structure enables the development of highly stable peri-tetracene analogues. Despite a high degree of singlet biradical character, the compounds with four substituents at the zigzag edge show a remarkable stability in solution under ambient conditions, which is better than that of acene derivatives with a closed-shell electronic configuration. The crystal structures of the TBP derivatives were obtained for the first time; these are valuable to understand the relationship between the structure and biradical character of peri-acenes. The application of peri-acenes in electronic devices should also be investigated. Therefore, the semiconducting properties of the TBP derivative were investigated by fabricating the field-effect transistors. Highly stable peri-tetracene analogues with a high degree of singlet biradical character were synthesized in a very simple route, and their crystal structures and semiconducting properties were investigated.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Mamada
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan .,JST, ERATO, Adachi Molecular Exciton Engineering Project c/o Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University Nishi Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan.,Academia-Industry Molecular Systems for Devices Research and Education Center (AIMS), Kyushu University Nishi Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Ryota Nakamura
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan .,JST, ERATO, Adachi Molecular Exciton Engineering Project c/o Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University Nishi Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan .,JST, ERATO, Adachi Molecular Exciton Engineering Project c/o Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University Nishi Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan.,Academia-Industry Molecular Systems for Devices Research and Education Center (AIMS), Kyushu University Nishi Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan.,International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University Nishi Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
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12
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Liu J, Feng X. Maßgeschneiderte Synthese von Graphennanostrukturen mit Zickzack‐Rändern. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junzhi Liu
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), und Fakultät für Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), und Fakultät für Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Deutschland
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13
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Liu J, Feng X. Synthetic Tailoring of Graphene Nanostructures with Zigzag-Edged Topologies: Progress and Perspectives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23386-23401. [PMID: 32720441 PMCID: PMC7756885 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Experimental and theoretical investigations have revealed that the chemical and physical properties of graphene are crucially determined by their topological structures. Therefore, the atomically precise synthesis of graphene nanostructures is essential. A particular example is graphene nanostructures with zigzag-edged structures, which exhibit unique (opto)electronic and magnetic properties owing to their spin-polarized edge state. Recent progress in the development of synthetic methods and strategies as well as characterization methods has given access to this class of unprecedented graphene nanostructures, which used to be purely molecular objectives in theoretical chemistry. Thus, clear insight into the structure-property relationships has become possible as well as new applications in organic carbon-based electronic and spintronic devices. In this Minireview, we discuss the recent progress in the controlled synthesis of zigzag-edged graphene nanostructures with different topologies through a bottom-up synthetic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhi Liu
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.,Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
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14
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Synthesis of a triethylene glycol-capped benzo[1,2-c:4,5-c']bis[2]benzopyran-5,12-dione: A highly soluble dilactone-bridged p-terphenyl with a crankshaft architecture. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Xiang Q, Guo J, Xu J, Ding S, Li Z, Li G, Phan H, Gu Y, Dang Y, Xu Z, Gong Z, Hu W, Zeng Z, Wu J, Sun Z. Stable Olympicenyl Radicals and Their π-Dimers. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:11022-11031. [PMID: 32456437 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An olympicenyl radical, a spin 1/2 hydrocarbon radical with C2v symmetry and uneven spin distribution, remains elusive despite the considerable theoretical research interest. Herein, we report syntheses of two air-stable olympicenyl radical derivatives, OR1 and OR2, with half-life times (τ1/2) in air-saturated solution of 7 days and 34 days. The high stability was ascribed to kinetic blocking of reactive sites with high spin densities. X-ray crystallographic analysis revealed unique 20-center-2-electron head-to-tail π-dimer structures with intermolecular distances shorter than the sum of van der Waals radius of carbon. The ground state of the π-dimers was found to be singlet, with singlet-triplet energy gaps estimated to be -2.34 kcal/mol and -3.28 kcal/mol for OR1 and OR2, respectively, by variable-temperature electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. The monomeric radical species were in equilibrium with the π-dimer in solution, and the optical and electrochemical properties of the monomers and π-dimers in solution were investigated by UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry, revealing a concentration-dependent nature. Theoretical calculations illustrated that upon formation of a π-dimer the local aromaticity of each monomer was enhanced, and spatial ring current between the monomers was present, which resulted in an increment of aromaticity of the interior of the π-dimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xiang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Health Science Platform, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Shuaishuai Ding
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhaoyang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Haihe Educational Park, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Guangwu Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Hoa Phan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Yanwei Gu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Yanfeng Dang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhanqiang Xu
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zongcheng Gong
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zebing Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jishan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Zhe Sun
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
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16
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Zhou C, Gu W, Zhang G, Liu L, Lv A, Zhang L. Isomeric Pyrenodithiophenediones and Their Derivatives: Synthesis, Reactivity, and Device Performance. J Org Chem 2019; 84:5936-5942. [PMID: 30931568 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Two isomeric pyrenodithiophenediones and their triisopropylsilyl(TIPS)-ethynyl-functionalized derivatives were synthesized and characterized. With treatment of excess lithium TIPS-acetylide, the isomeric diones could undergo Michael and carbonyl additions to form three derivatives with four, three, and two TIPS-ethynyl groups, respectively. The isomeric TIPS-ethynyl-functionalized derivatives show different physicochemical properties. The single-crystalline transistors based on TIPS-ethynyl-functionalized derivatives exhibit a promising p-type transport behavior, with hole mobilities up to 0.51 cm2 V-1 s-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Wen Gu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shanghai University of Engineering Science , 333 Longteng Road , Shanghai 201620 , China
| | - Guowei Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Lele Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Aifeng Lv
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shanghai University of Engineering Science , 333 Longteng Road , Shanghai 201620 , China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
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17
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Wang Z, Li J, Zhang S, Wang Q, Dai G, Liu B, Zhu X, Li Z, Kolodziej C, McCleese C, Burda C, Sun W, Chen L. Stable 2D Bisthienoacenes: Synthesis, Crystal Packing, and Photophysical Properties. Chemistry 2018; 24:14442-14447. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zunzhi Wang
- Department of Chemistry; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Jinfeng Li
- Department of Chemistry; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Simeng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Gaole Dai
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM); Soochow University; Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Bingqing Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; North Dakota State University; Fargo ND 58108-6050 USA
| | - Xiaolin Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; North Dakota State University; Fargo ND 58108-6050 USA
| | - Zhongguo Li
- Department of Chemistry; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland OH 44106 USA
| | - Charles Kolodziej
- Department of Chemistry; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland OH 44106 USA
| | - Christopher McCleese
- Department of Chemistry; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland OH 44106 USA
| | - Clemens Burda
- Department of Chemistry; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland OH 44106 USA
| | - Wenfang Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; North Dakota State University; Fargo ND 58108-6050 USA
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Chemistry; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
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18
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Liu X, Chen M, Xiao C, Xue N, Zhang L. Soluble Twisted Diarenoperylenes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Device Performance. Org Lett 2018; 20:4512-4515. [PMID: 30047740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Two stable TIPS-ethynyl functionalized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), dibenzo[ a, j]perylene (TIPS-DBP), and dinaphtho[ a, j]perylene (TIPS-DNP), which contain two rows of linear acenes joined by benzene rings, have been synthesized and characterized. It is found that the two twisted PAHs easily form one-dimensional charge-transport systems with short C-C contacts. The crystal of TIPS-DBP shows a hole mobility up to 0.17 cm2 V-1s-1, while the crystal of TIPS-DNP shows a hole mobility up to 0.74 cm2 V-1 s-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Liu
- College of Energy, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Meng Chen
- College of Energy, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Chengyi Xiao
- College of Energy, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Ning Xue
- College of Energy, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Energy, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China.,State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
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19
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Ni Y, Gopalakrishna TY, Phan H, Herng TS, Wu S, Han Y, Ding J, Wu J. A Peri-tetracene Diradicaloid: Synthesis and Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201804276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ni
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | | | - Hoa Phan
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Tun Seng Herng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National University of Singapore; 119260 Singapore Singapore
| | - Shaofei Wu
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National University of Singapore; 119260 Singapore Singapore
| | - Jishan Wu
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
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20
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Ni Y, Gopalakrishna TY, Phan H, Herng TS, Wu S, Han Y, Ding J, Wu J. A Peri-tetracene Diradicaloid: Synthesis and Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:9697-9701. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201804276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ni
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | | | - Hoa Phan
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Tun Seng Herng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National University of Singapore; 119260 Singapore Singapore
| | - Shaofei Wu
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National University of Singapore; 119260 Singapore Singapore
| | - Jishan Wu
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
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21
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Berezin A, Biot N, Battisti T, Bonifazi D. Oxygen-Doped Zig-Zag Molecular Ribbons. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:8942-8946. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201803282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Berezin
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Nicolas Biot
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Tommaso Battisti
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
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22
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Berezin A, Biot N, Battisti T, Bonifazi D. Oxygen-Doped Zig-Zag Molecular Ribbons. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201803282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Berezin
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Nicolas Biot
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Tommaso Battisti
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
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23
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Ajayakumar MR, Fu Y, Ma J, Hennersdorf F, Komber H, Weigand JJ, Alfonsov A, Popov AA, Berger R, Liu J, Müllen K, Feng X. Toward Full Zigzag-Edged Nanographenes: peri-Tetracene and Its Corresponding Circumanthracene. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:6240-6244. [PMID: 29738244 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b03711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Zigzag-edged nanographene with two rows of fused linear acenes, called as n- peri-acene (n-PA), is considered as a potential building unit in the arena of organic electronics. n-PAs with four ( peri-tetracene, 4-PA), five ( peri-pentacene, 5-PA) or more benzene rings in a row have been predicted to show open-shell character, which would be attractive for the development of unprecedented molecular spintronics. However, solution-based synthesis of open-shell n-PA has thus far not been successful because of the poor chemical stability. Herein we demonstrated the synthesis and characterization of the hitherto unknown 4-PA by a rational strategy in which steric protection of the zigzag edges playing a pivotal role. The obtained 4-PA possesses a singlet biradical character ( y0 = 72%) and exhibits remarkable persistent stability with a half-life time ( t1/2) of ∼3 h under ambient conditions. UV-vis-NIR and electrochemical measurements reveal a narrow optical/electrochemical energy gap (1.11 eV) for 4-PA. Moreover, the bay regions of 4-PA enable the efficient 2-fold Diels-Alder reaction, yielding a novel full zigzag-edged circumanthracene.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Ajayakumar
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry , Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Yubin Fu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry , Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Ji Ma
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry , Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Felix Hennersdorf
- Chair of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry , Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Hartmut Komber
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e. V. , Hohe Straße 6 , 01069 Dresden , Germany
| | - Jan J Weigand
- Chair of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry , Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Alexey Alfonsov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research , 01069 Dresden , Germany
| | - Alexey A Popov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research , 01069 Dresden , Germany
| | - Reinhard Berger
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry , Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Junzhi Liu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry , Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10 , 55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry , Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden , Germany
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24
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Hintz HA, Sortedahl NJ, Meyer SM, Decato DA, Dahl BJ. The synthesis of lactone-bridged 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene derivatives as pi-expanded coumarin triskelions. Tetrahedron Lett 2017; 58:4703-4708. [PMID: 29430066 PMCID: PMC5804744 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Two triply lactone-bridged 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene derivatives with solubilizing moieties have been synthesized in five and six steps from commercially available starting materials. Compounds containing the 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene core with two atom bridges are relatively unknown. This new class of pi-expanded coumarins contain triskelion architectures and X-ray crystallographic studies of one of the triskelions indicates that the 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene core adopts a near-planar geometry. This is the only known example of a two atom-bridged 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene derivative to adopt a planar structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather A. Hintz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, WI, 54702, United States
| | - Nicholas J. Sortedahl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, WI, 54702, United States
| | - Samantha M. Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, WI, 54702, United States
| | - Daniel A. Decato
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Macromolecular X-ray Diffraction Facility, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, United States
| | - Bart J. Dahl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, WI, 54702, United States
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25
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26
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27
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Wang XY, Dienel T, Di Giovannantonio M, Barin GB, Kharche N, Deniz O, Urgel JI, Widmer R, Stolz S, De Lima LH, Muntwiler M, Tommasini M, Meunier V, Ruffieux P, Feng X, Fasel R, Müllen K, Narita A. Heteroatom-Doped Perihexacene from a Double Helicene Precursor: On-Surface Synthesis and Properties. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:4671-4674. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b02258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ye Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Dienel
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Marco Di Giovannantonio
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Gabriela Borin Barin
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Neerav Kharche
- Department
of Physics, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, 12180 New York, United States
| | - Okan Deniz
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - José I. Urgel
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Roland Widmer
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Stolz
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Matteo Tommasini
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica ‘G. Natta’, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Vincent Meunier
- Department
of Physics, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, 12180 New York, United States
| | - Pascal Ruffieux
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center
for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Department of Chemistry and Food
Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Roman Fasel
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Akimitsu Narita
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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28
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Nanographenes and Graphene Nanoribbons with Zigzag-Edged Structures. ADVANCES IN POLYMER SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2017_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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29
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Rao MR, Johnson S, Perepichka DF. Aromatization of Benzannulated Perylene-3,9-diones: Unexpected Photophysical Properties and Reactivity. Org Lett 2016; 18:3574-7. [PMID: 27404491 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Rajeswara Rao
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0B8
| | - Shea Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0B8
| | - Dmitrii F. Perepichka
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0B8
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30
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Rogers C, Chen C, Pedramrazi Z, Omrani AA, Tsai H, Jung HS, Lin S, Crommie MF, Fischer FR. Closing the Nanographene Gap: Surface‐Assisted Synthesis of Peripentacene from 6,6′‐Bipentacene Precursors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201507104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Rogers
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, 699 Tan Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, 345 Birge Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
| | - Zahra Pedramrazi
- Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, 345 Birge Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
| | - Arash A. Omrani
- Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, 345 Birge Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
| | - Hsin‐Zon Tsai
- Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, 345 Birge Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
| | - Han Sae Jung
- Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, 345 Birge Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
| | - Song Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, 699 Tan Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
- Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
| | - Michael F. Crommie
- Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, 345 Birge Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at the University of California Berkeley and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
| | - Felix R. Fischer
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, 699 Tan Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at the University of California Berkeley and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
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31
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Rogers C, Chen C, Pedramrazi Z, Omrani AA, Tsai HZ, Jung HS, Lin S, Crommie MF, Fischer FR. Closing the Nanographene Gap: Surface-Assisted Synthesis of Peripentacene from 6,6′-Bipentacene Precursors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:15143-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201507104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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32
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Matsumoto A, Suzuki M, Kuzuhara D, Hayashi H, Aratani N, Yamada H. Tetrabenzoperipentacene: Stable Five-Electron Donating Ability and a Discrete Triple-Layered β-Graphite Form in the Solid State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:8175-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201502466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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33
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Matsumoto A, Suzuki M, Kuzuhara D, Hayashi H, Aratani N, Yamada H. Tetrabenzoperipentacene: Stable Five-Electron Donating Ability and a Discrete Triple-Layered β-Graphite Form in the Solid State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201502466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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34
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Biedermann PU, Agranat I. Stereochemistry of bistricyclic aromatic enes and related polycyclic systems. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2015; 350:177-277. [PMID: 25005068 DOI: 10.1007/128_2014_534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Bistricyclic aromatic enes (BAEs) and related polycyclic systems are a class of molecular materials that display a rich variety of conformations, dynamic stereochemistry and switchable chirality, color, and spectroscopic properties. This is due to the a subtle interplay of the inherent preference for planarity of aromatic systems and the competing necessity of non-planarity due to intramolecular overcrowding in the fjord regions built into the general molecular structure of BAEs. The conformational, dynamic, and spectroscopic properties may be designed and fine-tuned, e.g., by variation of the bridging groups X and Y, the overcrowding in the fjord regions, extensions of the aromatic system, or other modifications of the general BAE structure, based on the fundamental understanding of the structure-property relationships (SPR). The present review provides an analysis of the conformational spaces and the dynamic stereochemistry of overcrowded bistricyclic aromatic enes applying fundamental symmetry considerations. The symmetry analysis presented here allows deeper insight into the conformations, chirality, and the mechanisms of the dynamic stereochemistry, and will be instrumental in future computational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ulrich Biedermann
- Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Philadelphia Bldg. #201-205, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel,
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35
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Zhang L, Cao Y, Colella NS, Liang Y, Brédas JL, Houk KN, Briseno AL. Unconventional, chemically stable, and soluble two-dimensional angular polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: from molecular design to device applications. Acc Chem Res 2015; 48:500-9. [PMID: 25458442 DOI: 10.1021/ar500278w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), consisting of laterally fused benzene rings, are among the most widely studied small-molecule organic semiconductors, with potential applications in organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) and organic photovoltaics (OPVs). Linear acenes, including tetracene, pentacene, and their derivatives, have received particular attention due to the synthetic flexibility in tuning their chemical structure and properties and to their high device performance. Unfortunately, longer acenes, which could exhibit even better performance, are susceptible to oxidation, photodegradation, and, in solar cells which contain fullerenes, Diels-Alder reactions. This Account highlights recent advances in the molecular design of two-dimensional (2-D) PAHs that combine device performance with environmental stability. New synthetic techniques have been developed to create stable PAHs that extend conjugation in two dimensions. The stability of these novel compounds is consistent with Clar's sextet rule as the 2-D PAHs have greater numbers of sextets in their ground-state configuration than their linear analogues. The ionization potentials (IPs) of nonlinear acenes decrease more slowly with annellation in comparison to their linear counterparts. As a result, 2-D bistetracene derivatives that are composed of eight fused benzene rings are measured to be about 200 times more stable in chlorinated organic solvents than pentacene derivatives with only five fused rings. Single crystals of the bistetracene derivatives have hole mobilities, measured in OFET configuration, up to 6.1 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1), with remarkable Ion/Ioff ratios of 10(7). The density functional theory (DFT) calculations can provide insight into the electronic structures at both molecular and material levels and to evaluate the main charge-transport parameters. The 2-D acenes with large aspect ratios and appropriate substituents have the potential to provide favorable interstack electronic interactions, and correspondingly high carrier mobilities. In stark contrast to the 1-D acenes that form mono- and bis-adducts with fullerenes, 2-D PAHs show less reactivity with fullerenes. The geometry of 2-D PAHs plays a crucial role in determining both the barrier and the adduct stability. The reactivity and stability of the 2-D PAHs with regard to Diels-Alder reactions at different reactive sites were explained via DFT calculations of the reaction kinetics and of thermodynamics of reactions and simple Hückel molecular orbital considerations. Also, because of their increased stability in the presence of fullerenes, these compounds have been successfully used in OPVs. The small-molecule semiconductors highlighted in this Account exhibit good charge-transport properties, comparable to those of traditional linear acenes, while being much more environmentally stable. These features have made these 2-D PAHs excellent molecules for fundamental research and device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | | | - Nicholas S. Colella
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | | | - Jean-Luc Brédas
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Solar & Photovoltaics Engineering Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology − KAUST, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Alejandro L. Briseno
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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36
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Aotake T, Suzuki M, Aratani N, Yuasa J, Kuzuhara D, Hayashi H, Nakano H, Kawai T, Wu J, Yamada H. 9,9′-Anthryl-anthroxyl radicals: strategic stabilization of highly reactive phenoxyl radicals. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:6734-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc10104a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Stable anthroxyl radical with a half-life over 10 days in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Aotake
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)
- 8916-5 Takayama-cho
- Japan
| | - Mitsuharu Suzuki
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)
- 8916-5 Takayama-cho
- Japan
| | - Naoki Aratani
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)
- 8916-5 Takayama-cho
- Japan
| | - Junpei Yuasa
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)
- 8916-5 Takayama-cho
- Japan
| | - Daiki Kuzuhara
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)
- 8916-5 Takayama-cho
- Japan
| | - Hironobu Hayashi
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)
- 8916-5 Takayama-cho
- Japan
| | - Haruyuki Nakano
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Sciences
- Kyushu University
- Fukuoka 812-8581
- Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kawai
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)
- 8916-5 Takayama-cho
- Japan
| | - Jishan Wu
- National University of Singapore
- 3 Science Drive 3
- Singapore
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Graduate School of Materials Science
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST)
- 8916-5 Takayama-cho
- Japan
- CREST
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37
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Dressler JJ, Miller SA, Meeuwsen BT, Riel AMS, Dahl BJ. Synthesis of dilactone bridged terphenyls with crankshaft architectures. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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38
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Zöphel L, Berger R, Gao P, Enkelmann V, Baumgarten M, Wagner M, Müllen K. Toward the peri-pentacene framework. Chemistry 2014; 19:17821-6. [PMID: 24498638 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Based on modern pyrene chemistry, a new route toward the synthesis of the peri-pentacene framework was developed. Firstly, the tetraketo form as stable precursor was targeted, because the fully aromatic peri-pentacene is predicted to suffer from high instability and reactivity. Therefore, a recently developed 4,5,9,10-tetrafunctionalization of pyrene was utilized to build up a planar and a dragonfly-shaped derivative in five steps, which only differ in the two outer bonds between the peripheral benzene rings. The planar tetraketone could only be dissolved in strong acids upon protonation, which limited the use of analytical methods. In contrast, the dragonfly-shaped form showed excellent organosolubility. In-depth investigation by NMR spectroscopy revealed co-existence of atropo-isomers in solution. The optical and electronic properties were analyzed by UV/Vis spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. To approach aromatic conjugation, stepwise reduction in solution by using tetrabutylammonium borohydride was carried out. Reduced species were studied by ESR and UV/Vis spectroscopy, as well as by MALDI-TOF MS, confirming the formation of the radical anion.
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39
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Sun Z, Zeng Z, Wu J. Zethrenes, extended p-quinodimethanes, and periacenes with a singlet biradical ground state. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:2582-91. [PMID: 25068503 DOI: 10.1021/ar5001692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 323] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Researchers have studied polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) for more than 100 years, and most PAHs in the neutral state reported so far have a closed-shell electronic configuration in the ground state. However, recent studies have revealed that specific types of polycyclic hydrocarbons (PHs) could have a singlet biradical ground state and exhibit unique electronic, optical, and magnetic activities. With the appropriate stabilization, these new compounds could prove useful as molecular materials for organic electronics, nonlinear optics, organic spintronics, organic photovoltaics, and energy storage devices. However, before researchers can use these materials to design new devices, they need better methods to synthesize these molecules and a better understanding of the fundamental relationship between the structure and biradical character of these compounds and their physical properties. Their biradical character makes these compounds difficult to synthesize. These compounds are also challenging to physically characterize and require the use of various experimental techniques and theoretic methods to comprehensively describe their unique properties. In this Account, we will discuss the chemistry and physics of three types of PHs with a significant singlet biradical character, primarily developed in our group. These structures are zethrenes, Z-shaped quinoidal hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons that include a proaromatic extended p-quinodimethane unit; and periacenes, acenes fused in a peri-arrangement. We used a variety of synthetic methods to prepare these compounds and stabilized them using both thermodynamic and kinetic approaches. We probed their ground-state structures by electronic absorption, NMR, ESR, SQUID, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography and also performed density functional theory calculations. We investigated the physical properties of these PHs using various experimental methods such as one-photon absorption, two-photon absorption, transient absorption spectroscopy, electrochemistry, and spectroelectrochemistry. These systematic studies revealed that aromaticity played a very important role in determining their singlet biradical character, which is critically related to both their physical properties and their chemical reactivity. In particular, we found that Clar's aromatic sextet rule, which is useful for the closed-shell PAHs, can also predict the relative biradical character of benzenoid PH-based singlet biradicaloids. Other factors, such as structural flexibility of the biradical and quinoid resonance forms and the participation of the substitution in the π-conjugation, also influence the biradical character. These molecular materials demonstrate a number of unique properties such as near-infrared absorption, redox amphotericity, large two-photon absorption cross section, short excited state lifetime, stimuli-responsive magnetic activity, and singlet fission, which suggests promise for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Sun
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore
| | - Zebing Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore
| | - Jishan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research
and Engineering, A*STAR, 3 Research
Link, 117602 Singapore
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40
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Abstract
This chapter describes a series of two-dimensional (2D) expanded arene networks, also known as nanographenes, with either closed-shell or open-shell electronic structure in the ground state. These systems are further categorized into three classes on a basis of different edge structures: those with zigzag edges only, those with armchair edges only, and those possessing both. Distinctive physical properties of these 2D aromatic systems are closely related to their structural characteristics and provide great potential for them as materials for different applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Sun
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
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41
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Sun Z, Zeng Z, Wu J. Benzenoid Polycyclic Hydrocarbons with an Open-Shell Biradical Ground State. Chem Asian J 2013; 8:2894-904. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201300560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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42
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Li Y, Heng WK, Lee BS, Aratani N, Zafra JL, Bao N, Lee R, Sung YM, Sun Z, Huang KW, Webster RD, López Navarrete JT, Kim D, Osuka A, Casado J, Ding J, Wu J. Kinetically Blocked Stable Heptazethrene and Octazethrene: Closed-Shell or Open-Shell in the Ground State? J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:14913-22. [DOI: 10.1021/ja304618v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3,
117543, Singapore
| | - Wee-Kuan Heng
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3,
117543, Singapore
| | - Byung Sun Lee
- Spectroscopy
Laboratory for
Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Naoki Aratani
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate
School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku,
Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - José L. Zafra
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Malaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 229071
Malaga, Spain
| | - Nina Bao
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National University of Singapore, 119260, Singapore
| | - Richmond Lee
- Division of Chemical and Life Sciences
and Engineering and KAUST Catalysis Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal
23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Young Mo Sung
- Spectroscopy
Laboratory for
Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Zhe Sun
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3,
117543, Singapore
| | - Kuo-Wei Huang
- Division of Chemical and Life Sciences
and Engineering and KAUST Catalysis Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal
23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Richard D. Webster
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Juan T. López Navarrete
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Malaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 229071
Malaga, Spain
| | - Dongho Kim
- Spectroscopy
Laboratory for
Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate
School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku,
Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Juan Casado
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Malaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 229071
Malaga, Spain
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National University of Singapore, 119260, Singapore
| | - Jishan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3,
117543, Singapore
- Institute
of Materials Research
and Engineering, A*Star, 3 Research Link,
Singapore, 117602
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43
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Ye Q, Chang J, Huang KW, Dai G, Zhang J, Chen ZK, Wu J, Chi C. Incorporating TCNQ into Thiophene-Fused Heptacene for n-Channel Field Effect Transistor. Org Lett 2012; 14:2786-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol301014d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qun Ye
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Chemical and Life Sciences and Engineering, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*Star, 3 Research Link, Singapore, 117602
| | - Jingjing Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Chemical and Life Sciences and Engineering, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*Star, 3 Research Link, Singapore, 117602
| | - Kuo-Wei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Chemical and Life Sciences and Engineering, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*Star, 3 Research Link, Singapore, 117602
| | - Gaole Dai
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Chemical and Life Sciences and Engineering, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*Star, 3 Research Link, Singapore, 117602
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Chemical and Life Sciences and Engineering, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*Star, 3 Research Link, Singapore, 117602
| | - Zhi-Kuan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Chemical and Life Sciences and Engineering, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*Star, 3 Research Link, Singapore, 117602
| | - Jishan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Chemical and Life Sciences and Engineering, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*Star, 3 Research Link, Singapore, 117602
| | - Chunyan Chi
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Chemical and Life Sciences and Engineering, 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*Star, 3 Research Link, Singapore, 117602
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44
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Sun Z, Ye Q, Chi C, Wu J. Low band gap polycyclic hydrocarbons: from closed-shell near infrared dyes and semiconductors to open-shell radicals. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:7857-89. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35211g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 512] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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45
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Huang X, Zeng L, Zeng Z, Wu J. Intramolecular Domino Electrophilic and Thermal Cyclization of peri-Ethynylene Naphthalene Oligomers. Chemistry 2011; 17:14907-15. [PMID: 22135244 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
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46
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Li J, Jiao C, Huang KW, Wu J. Lateral extension of π conjugation along the bay regions of bisanthene through a Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction. Chemistry 2011; 17:14672-80. [PMID: 22083876 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Diels-Alder cycloaddition reactions at the bay regions of bisanthene (1) with dienophiles such as 1,4-naphthoquinone have been investigated. The products were submitted to nucleophilic addition followed by reductive aromatization reactions to afford the laterally extended bisanthene derivatives 2 and 3. Attempted synthesis of a larger expanded bisanthene 4 revealed an unexpected hydrogenation reaction at the last reductive aromatization step. Unusual Michael addition was observed on quinone 14, which was obtained by Diels-Alder reaction between 1 and 1,4-anthraquinone. Compounds 1-3 exhibited near-infrared (NIR) absorption and emission with high-to-moderate fluorescent quantum yields. Their structures and absorption spectra were studied by density function theory and non-planar twisted structures were calculated for 2 and 3. All compounds showed amphoteric redox behavior with multiple oxidation/reduction waves. Oxidative titration with SbCl(5) gave stable radical cations, and the process was followed by UV/Vis/NIR spectroscopic measurements. Their photostability was measured and correlated to their different geometries and electronic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinling Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
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47
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Sun Z, Wu J. Higher Order Acenes and Fused Acenes with Near-infrared Absorption and Emission. Aust J Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1071/ch11037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Higher order acenes and fused acenes represent two outstanding classes of building blocks to achieve near-infrared absorbing and emitting materials. Appropriate chemical modification and functionalization will lead to significant improvements in solubility and stability, thus making their applications practically possible. This short review summarizes the recent developments of the two types of polycyclic aromatic compounds mentioned above based on their physical and optical properties including absorption, emission, quantum yield, solubility, and stability.
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