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Weinzapfel EN, Fedder-Semmes KN, Sun ZW, Keogh MC. Beyond the tail: the consequence of context in histone post-translational modification and chromatin research. Biochem J 2024; 481:219-244. [PMID: 38353483 PMCID: PMC10903488 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20230342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The role of histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) in chromatin structure and genome function has been the subject of intense debate for more than 60 years. Though complex, the discourse can be summarized in two distinct - and deceptively simple - questions: What is the function of histone PTMs? And how should they be studied? Decades of research show these queries are intricately linked and far from straightforward. Here we provide a historical perspective, highlighting how the arrival of new technologies shaped discovery and insight. Despite their limitations, the tools available at each period had a profound impact on chromatin research, and provided essential clues that advanced our understanding of histone PTM function. Finally, we discuss recent advances in the application of defined nucleosome substrates, the study of multivalent chromatin interactions, and new technologies driving the next era of histone PTM research.
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2
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Li ASM, Homsi C, Bonneil E, Thibault P, Verreault A, Vedadi M. Histone H4K20 monomethylation enables recombinant nucleosome methylation by PRMT1 in vitro. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2023; 1866:194922. [PMID: 36822575 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2023.194922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) catalyze the transfer of methyl groups to specific arginine residues of histones and nonhistone proteins. There are nine members in the PRMT family (PRMT1 to PRMT9), and PRMT1 is a dominant member catalyzing majority of arginine methylation in the cell. However, none of the PRMTs is active with recombinant nucleosome as substrate in vitro. Here, we report the discovery of the first in class novel crosstalk between histone H4 lysine 20 (H4K20) monomethylation on nucleosome by SETD8 and histone H4 arginine 3 (H4R3) methylation by PRMT1 in vitro. Full kinetic characterization and mass spectrometry analysis indicated that PRMT1 is only active with recombinant nucleosomes monomethylated at H4K20 by SETD8. These data suggests that the level of activity of PRMT1 could potentially be regulated selectively by SETD8 in various pathways, providing a new approach for discovery of selective regulators of PRMT1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Shi Ming Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Drug Discovery Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Charles Homsi
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Eric Bonneil
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Pierre Thibault
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada; Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Alain Verreault
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada; Département de Pathologie et Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Masoud Vedadi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Drug Discovery Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada.
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3
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Wang J, Xie Y, Song Y, Cong Z, Zhao K, Pang X, Liu Y, Huang X. New diterpene and indole alkaloid analogues from the Streptomyces malaysiensis SCSIO 41397. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200731. [PMID: 36036172 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
One new cyclooctatin-type diterpenoid, 15-hydroxyl-cyclooctatin ( 1 ), and one new indole alkaloid, streptoprenylindole D ( 3 ), along with 9 known compounds, were isolated from the Streptomyces malaysiensis SCSIO 41397. Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, optical rotation, and by a comparison with data from the literature. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial (MRSA), antitumor (22Rv1 and PC-3) and antiviral (HSV-1/2) activities. According to the analysis of biological gene clusters in the whole genome, we preliminarily locate the gene clusters related to the synthesis of 15-hydroxyl-cyclooctatin ( 1 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Wang
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Lab of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources, 164 West Xingangxi Road, 510301, Guangzhou, CHINA
| | - Yuhui Xie
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, CHINA
| | - Yue Song
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, 164nXingangxi Road, Guangzhou, CHINA
| | - Ziwen Cong
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, CHINA
| | - Kai Zhao
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, CHINA
| | - Xiaoyan Pang
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, CHINA
| | - Yonghong Liu
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, CHINA
| | - Xiaolong Huang
- Hainan University, School of Life Sciences, 58 Renmin Road, Haikou, CHINA
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4
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Chemical biology and pharmacology of histone lysine methylation inhibitors. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2022; 1865:194840. [PMID: 35753676 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2022.194840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Histone lysine methylation is a post-translational modification that plays a key role in the epigenetic regulation of a broad spectrum of biological processes. Moreover, the dysregulation of histone lysine methyltransferases (KMTs) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases particularly cancer. Due to their pathobiological importance, KMTs have garnered immense attention over the last decade as attractive therapeutic targets. These endeavors have culminated in tens of chemical probes that have been used to interrogate many aspects of histone lysine methylation. Besides, over a dozen inhibitors have been advanced to clinical trials, including the EZH2 inhibitor tazemetostat approved for the treatment of follicular lymphoma and advanced epithelioid sarcoma. In this Review, we highlight the chemical biology and pharmacology of KMT inhibitors and targeted protein degraders focusing on the clinical development of EZH1/2, DOT1L, Menin-MLL, and WDR5-MLL inhibitors. We also briefly discuss the pharmacologic targeting of other KMTs.
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Feoli A, Viviano M, Cipriano A, Milite C, Castellano S, Sbardella G. Lysine methyltransferase inhibitors: where we are now. RSC Chem Biol 2022; 3:359-406. [PMID: 35441141 PMCID: PMC8985178 DOI: 10.1039/d1cb00196e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein lysine methyltransferases constitute a large family of epigenetic writers that catalyse the transfer of a methyl group from the cofactor S-adenosyl-l-methionine to histone- and non-histone-specific substrates. Alterations in the expression and activity of these proteins have been linked to the genesis and progress of several diseases, including cancer, neurological disorders, and growing defects, hence they represent interesting targets for new therapeutic approaches. Over the past two decades, the identification of modulators of lysine methyltransferases has increased tremendously, clarifying the role of these proteins in different physio-pathological states. The aim of this review is to furnish an updated outlook about the protein lysine methyltransferases disclosed modulators, reporting their potency, their mechanism of action and their eventual use in clinical and preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Feoli
- Department of Pharmacy, Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, University of Salerno via Giovanni Paolo II 132 I-84084 Fisciano SA Italy +39-089-96-9602 +39-089-96-9770
| | - Monica Viviano
- Department of Pharmacy, Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, University of Salerno via Giovanni Paolo II 132 I-84084 Fisciano SA Italy +39-089-96-9602 +39-089-96-9770
| | - Alessandra Cipriano
- Department of Pharmacy, Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, University of Salerno via Giovanni Paolo II 132 I-84084 Fisciano SA Italy +39-089-96-9602 +39-089-96-9770
| | - Ciro Milite
- Department of Pharmacy, Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, University of Salerno via Giovanni Paolo II 132 I-84084 Fisciano SA Italy +39-089-96-9602 +39-089-96-9770
| | - Sabrina Castellano
- Department of Pharmacy, Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, University of Salerno via Giovanni Paolo II 132 I-84084 Fisciano SA Italy +39-089-96-9602 +39-089-96-9770
| | - Gianluca Sbardella
- Department of Pharmacy, Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, University of Salerno via Giovanni Paolo II 132 I-84084 Fisciano SA Italy +39-089-96-9602 +39-089-96-9770
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A Novel Approach for Fast Screening of a Complex Cyanobacterial Extract for Immunomodulatory Properties and Antibacterial Activity. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12062847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The filamentous cyanobacteria from genus Phormidium are rich natural sources of bioactive compounds that could be exploited as pharmaceuticals or nutraceuticals. In this study, we suggest a novel approach for assessing the immunomodulatory properties of the products derived from cyanobacteria. The influence of Phormidium papyraceum extract on the human leukocyte immunophenotype was evaluated by attempting to link this activity to certain putative compounds identified in the extract. By using three staining panels and flow cytometry, we found that the cyanobacterial extract affected mainly CD4+ T cells upregulating activated CD4+CD152+ T cells (15.75 ± 1.93% treated vs. 4.65 ± 1.41% control) and regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells (5.36 ± 0.64% treated vs. 1.03 ± 0.08% control). Furthermore, P. papyraceum extract can modulate T cell subpopulations with a CD4+ effector/memory phenotype. Extract-treated cells showed increased production of IL-2 (55 ± 12 pg/mL) and IL-6 (493 ± 64 pg/mL) compared to the untreated, 21 ± 7 pg/mL and 250 ± 39 pg/mL, respectively. No significant changes were observed in the secretion of TNF-α. In addition, P. papyraceum extract displayed antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative (inhibition zone from 18.25 ± 0.50 mm to 20.28 ± 1.50 mm) and Gram-positive (inhibition zone from 10.86 ± 0.85 mm to 17.00 ± 0.82 mm) bacteria. The chemical profile of the cyanobacterial extract was determined using LC–ESI–MS/MS analysis, where at least 112 putative compounds were detected. Many of these compounds have proven different biological activities. We speculated that compounds such as betulin and the macrolide azithromycin (or their analogues) could be responsible for the immunomodulatory potential of the investigated extract. More studies are needed to determine and validate the biological activities of the determined putative compounds.
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Qiu Z, Wu Y, Lan K, Wang S, Yu H, Wang Y, Wang C, Cao S. Cytotoxic compounds from marine actinomycetes: Sources, Structures and Bioactivity. ACTA MATERIA MEDICA 2022; 1:445-475. [PMID: 36588746 PMCID: PMC9802659 DOI: 10.15212/amm-2022-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Marine actinomycetes produce a substantial number of natural products with cytotoxic activity. The strains of actinomycetes were isolated from different sources like fishes, coral, sponges, seaweeds, mangroves, sediments etc. These cytotoxic compounds can be categorized briefly into four classes: polyketides, non-ribosomal peptides and hybrids, isoprenoids and hybrids, and others, among which majority are polyketides (146). Twenty two out of the 254 compounds showed potent cytotoxicity with IC50 values at ng/mL or nM level. This review highlights the sources, structures and antitumor activity of 254 natural products isolated from marine actinomycetes, which were new when they were reported from 1989 to 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Yinshuang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Kunyan Lan
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Shiyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Huilin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China,Correspondence: (C.W.); (S.C.)
| | - Shugeng Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai’i at Hilo, 200 W. Kawili St., Hilo, HI 96720, USA,Correspondence: (C.W.); (S.C.)
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8
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Petruncio G, Shellnutt Z, Elahi-Mohassel S, Alishetty S, Paige M. Skipped dienes in natural product synthesis. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:2187-2213. [PMID: 34913051 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00012h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2000-2020The 1,4-diene motif, also known as a skipped diene, is widespread across various classes of natural products including alkaloids, fatty acids, terpenoids, and polyketides as part of either the finalized structure or a biosynthetic intermediate. The prevalence of this nonconjugated diene system in nature has resulted in numerous encounters in the total synthesis literature. However, skipped dienes have not been extensively reviewed, which could be attributed to overshadowing by the more recognized 1,3-diene system. In this review, we aim to highlight the relevance of skipped dienes in natural products through the lens of total synthesis. Subjects that will be covered include nomenclature, structural properties, prevalence in natural products, synthetic strategies and the future direction of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg Petruncio
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, George Mason University, 10920 George Mason Circle, Manassas, Virginia 20110, USA.
| | - Zachary Shellnutt
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, George Mason University, 10920 George Mason Circle, Manassas, Virginia 20110, USA.
| | - Synah Elahi-Mohassel
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, George Mason University, 10920 George Mason Circle, Manassas, Virginia 20110, USA.
| | - Suman Alishetty
- Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, 10920 George Mason Circle, Manassas, Virginia 20110, USA
| | - Mikell Paige
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, George Mason University, 10920 George Mason Circle, Manassas, Virginia 20110, USA.
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9
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Guillade L, Mora P, Villar P, Alvarez R, R de Lera A. Total synthesis of nahuoic acid A via a putative biogenetic intramolecular Diels-Alder (IMDA) reaction. Chem Sci 2021; 12:15157-15169. [PMID: 34909158 PMCID: PMC8612404 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc04524e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inspired by the biogenetic proposal of an intramolecular Diels–Alder (IMDA) cycloaddition, the total synthesis of natural product nahuoic acid A, a cofactor-competitive inhibitor of the epigenetic enzyme lysine methyl transferase SETD8, has been carried out. A non-conjugated pentaenal precursor was synthesized with high levels of stereoselectivity at seven stereogenic centers and with the appropriate control of double bond geometries. Although the IMDA reaction of the non-conjugated pentaenal using Me2AlCl for catalysis at −40 °C selectively afforded the trans-fused diastereomer corresponding to the Re-endo mode of cycloaddition, under thermal reaction conditions it gave rise to a mixture of diastereomers, that preferentially formed through the exo mode, including the cis-fused angularly-methylated octahydronaphthalene diastereomer precursor of nahuoic acid A. The natural product could be obtained upon oxidation and overall deprotection of the hydroxyl groups present in the Si-exo IMDA diastereomer. The total synthesis of natural product nahuoic acid A, a cofactor-competitive inhibitor of the epigenetic enzyme lysine methyl transferase SETD8, has been carried out based on the biogenetic proposal of an intramolecular Diels–Alder (IMDA) cycloaddition.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Guillade
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, CINBIO, IIS Galicia Sur, Universidade de Vigo 36310 Vigo Spain
| | - Paula Mora
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, CINBIO, IIS Galicia Sur, Universidade de Vigo 36310 Vigo Spain
| | - Pedro Villar
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, CINBIO, IIS Galicia Sur, Universidade de Vigo 36310 Vigo Spain
| | - Rosana Alvarez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, CINBIO, IIS Galicia Sur, Universidade de Vigo 36310 Vigo Spain
| | - Angel R de Lera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, CINBIO, IIS Galicia Sur, Universidade de Vigo 36310 Vigo Spain
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10
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Zhang S, Zhou T, Wang Z, Yi F, Li C, Guo W, Xu H, Cui H, Dong X, Liu J, Song X, Cao L. Post-Translational Modifications of PCNA in Control of DNA Synthesis and DNA Damage Tolerance-the Implications in Carcinogenesis. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:4047-4059. [PMID: 34671219 PMCID: PMC8495385 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.64628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The faithful DNA replication is a critical event for cell survival and inheritance. However, exogenous or endogenous sources of damage challenge the accurate synthesis of DNA, which causes DNA lesions. The DNA lesions are obstacles for replication fork progression. However, the prolonged replication fork stalling leads to replication fork collapse, which may cause DNA double-strand breaks (DSB). In order to maintain genomic stability, eukaryotic cells evolve translesion synthesis (TLS) and template switching (TS) to resolve the replication stalling. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) trimer acts as a slide clamp and encircles DNA to orchestrate DNA synthesis and DNA damage tolerance (DDT). The post-translational modifications (PTMs) of PCNA regulate these functions to ensure the appropriate initiation and termination of replication and DDT. The aberrant regulation of PCNA PTMs will result in DSB, which causes mutagenesis and poor response to chemotherapy. Here, we review the roles of the PCNA PTMs in DNA duplication and DDT. We propose that clarifying the regulation of PCNA PTMs may provide insights into understanding the development of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Zhang
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110122, PR China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110122, PR China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110122, PR China
| | - Fei Yi
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110122, PR China
| | - Chunlu Li
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110122, PR China
| | - Wendong Guo
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110122, PR China
| | - Hongde Xu
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110122, PR China
| | - Hongyan Cui
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110122, PR China
| | - Xiang Dong
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110122, PR China
| | - Jingwei Liu
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110122, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Song
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110122, PR China
| | - Liu Cao
- College of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110122, PR China
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11
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Sabido EM, Tenebro CP, Trono DJVL, Vicera CVB, Leonida SFL, Maybay JJWB, Reyes-Salarda R, Amago DS, Aguadera AMV, Octaviano MC, Saludes JP, Dalisay DS. Insights into the Variation in Bioactivities of Closely Related Streptomyces Strains from Marine Sediments of the Visayan Sea against ESKAPE and Ovarian Cancer. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19080441. [PMID: 34436280 PMCID: PMC8399204 DOI: 10.3390/md19080441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine sediments host diverse actinomycetes that serve as a source of new natural products to combat infectious diseases and cancer. Here, we report the biodiversity, bioactivities against ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp.) and ovarian cancer, and metabolites variation among culturable actinomycetes isolated from the marine sediments of Visayan Sea, Philippines. We identified 15 Streptomyces species based on a 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The crude extracts of 10 Streptomyces species have inhibited the growth of ESKAPE pathogens with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.312 mg/mL to 20 mg/mL depending on the strain and pathogens targeted. Additionally, ten crude extracts have antiproliferative activity against A2780 human ovarian carcinoma at 2 mg/mL. To highlight, we observed that four phylogenetically identical Streptomyces albogriseolus strains demonstrated variation in antibiotic and anticancer activities. These strains harbored type I and II polyketide synthase (PKS) and non-ribosomal synthetase (NRPS) genes in their genomes, implying that their bioactivity is independent of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-detected bio-synthetic gene clusters (BGCs) in this study. Metabolite profiling revealed that the taxonomically identical strains produced core and strain-specific metabolites. Thus, the chemical diversity among these strains influences the variation observed in their biological activities. This study expanded our knowledge on the potential of marine-derived Streptomyces residing from the unexplored regions of the Visayan Sea as a source of small molecules against ESKAPE pathogens and cancer. It also highlights that Streptomyces species strains produce unique strain-specific secondary metabolites; thus, offering new chemical space for natural product discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edna M. Sabido
- Center for Natural Drug Discovery and Development (CND3), University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines; (E.M.S.); (S.F.L.L.); (J.J.W.B.M.); (D.S.A.); (A.M.V.A.); (M.C.O.)
| | - Chuckcris P. Tenebro
- Center for Chemical Biology and Biotechnology (C2B2), University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines; (C.P.T.); (D.J.V.L.T.); (C.V.B.V.); (R.R.-S.)
| | - Dana Joanne Von L. Trono
- Center for Chemical Biology and Biotechnology (C2B2), University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines; (C.P.T.); (D.J.V.L.T.); (C.V.B.V.); (R.R.-S.)
| | - Carmela Vannette B. Vicera
- Center for Chemical Biology and Biotechnology (C2B2), University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines; (C.P.T.); (D.J.V.L.T.); (C.V.B.V.); (R.R.-S.)
| | - Sheeny Fane L. Leonida
- Center for Natural Drug Discovery and Development (CND3), University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines; (E.M.S.); (S.F.L.L.); (J.J.W.B.M.); (D.S.A.); (A.M.V.A.); (M.C.O.)
| | - Jose Jeffrey Wayne B. Maybay
- Center for Natural Drug Discovery and Development (CND3), University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines; (E.M.S.); (S.F.L.L.); (J.J.W.B.M.); (D.S.A.); (A.M.V.A.); (M.C.O.)
| | - Rikka Reyes-Salarda
- Center for Chemical Biology and Biotechnology (C2B2), University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines; (C.P.T.); (D.J.V.L.T.); (C.V.B.V.); (R.R.-S.)
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts, Sciences, and Education, University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines
| | - Diana S. Amago
- Center for Natural Drug Discovery and Development (CND3), University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines; (E.M.S.); (S.F.L.L.); (J.J.W.B.M.); (D.S.A.); (A.M.V.A.); (M.C.O.)
| | - Angelica Marie V. Aguadera
- Center for Natural Drug Discovery and Development (CND3), University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines; (E.M.S.); (S.F.L.L.); (J.J.W.B.M.); (D.S.A.); (A.M.V.A.); (M.C.O.)
| | - May C. Octaviano
- Center for Natural Drug Discovery and Development (CND3), University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines; (E.M.S.); (S.F.L.L.); (J.J.W.B.M.); (D.S.A.); (A.M.V.A.); (M.C.O.)
| | - Jonel P. Saludes
- Center for Natural Drug Discovery and Development (CND3), University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines; (E.M.S.); (S.F.L.L.); (J.J.W.B.M.); (D.S.A.); (A.M.V.A.); (M.C.O.)
- Department of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts, Sciences, and Education, University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines
- Tuklas Lunas Development Center, University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines
- Balik Scientist Program, Department of Science and Technology, Philippine Council for Health Research and Development (PCHRD), Bicutan, Taguig City 1631, Philippines
- Correspondence: (J.P.S.); (D.S.D.); Tel.: +63-33-503-6887 (J.P.S.); +63-33-501-0350 (D.S.D.)
| | - Doralyn S. Dalisay
- Center for Chemical Biology and Biotechnology (C2B2), University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines; (C.P.T.); (D.J.V.L.T.); (C.V.B.V.); (R.R.-S.)
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts, Sciences, and Education, University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines
- Tuklas Lunas Development Center, University of San Agustin, Iloilo City 5000, Philippines
- Balik Scientist Program, Department of Science and Technology, Philippine Council for Health Research and Development (PCHRD), Bicutan, Taguig City 1631, Philippines
- Correspondence: (J.P.S.); (D.S.D.); Tel.: +63-33-503-6887 (J.P.S.); +63-33-501-0350 (D.S.D.)
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12
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Histone lysine methyltransferase SET8 is a novel therapeutic target for cancer treatment. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:2423-2430. [PMID: 34022460 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
SET8 is the only lysine methyltransferase that can specifically monomethylate the histone H4K20. SET8-mediated protein modifications are largely involved in the regulation of cell cycle, DNA repair, gene transcription, cell apoptosis, and other vital physiological processes. The aberrant expression of SET8 is closely linked to the proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and prognosis of a variety of cancers. As a consequence, targeting SET8 could be an appealing strategy for cancer therapy. In this article, we introduce the molecular structure of SET8, followed by summarizing its roles in various biological pathways. Crucially, we highlight the potential functions of SET8 in tumors, as well as progress in the development of SET inhibitors for cancer treatment.
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13
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Zhang Y, Rong D, Li B, Wang Y. Targeting Epigenetic Regulators with Covalent Small-Molecule Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2021; 64:7900-7925. [PMID: 33599482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation of gene expression plays a critical role in various physiological processes, and epigenetic dysregulation is implicated in a number of diseases, prominently including cancer. Epigenetic regulators have been validated as potential therapeutic targets, and significant progress has been made in the discovery and development of epigenetic-based inhibitors. However, successful epigenetic drug discovery is still facing challenges, including moderate selectivity, limited efficacy, and acquired drug resistance. Inspired by the advantages of covalent small-molecule inhibitors, targeted covalent inhibition has attracted increasing interest in epigenetic drug discovery. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the structure-based design and characterization of covalent inhibitors targeting epigenetic writers, readers, and erasers and highlight their potential benefits in enhancing selectivity across the enzyme family and improving in vivo efficacy. We also discuss the challenges and opportunities of covalent small-molecule inhibitors and hope to shed light on future epigenetic drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Deqin Rong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bingbing Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuanxiang Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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14
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Aleksandrov R, Hristova R, Stoynov S, Gospodinov A. The Chromatin Response to Double-Strand DNA Breaks and Their Repair. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081853. [PMID: 32784607 PMCID: PMC7464352 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular DNA is constantly being damaged by numerous internal and external mutagenic factors. Probably the most severe type of insults DNA could suffer are the double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs). They sever both DNA strands and compromise genomic stability, causing deleterious chromosomal aberrations that are implicated in numerous maladies, including cancer. Not surprisingly, cells have evolved several DSB repair pathways encompassing hundreds of different DNA repair proteins to cope with this challenge. In eukaryotic cells, DSB repair is fulfilled in the immensely complex environment of the chromatin. The chromatin is not just a passive background that accommodates the multitude of DNA repair proteins, but it is a highly dynamic and active participant in the repair process. Chromatin alterations, such as changing patterns of histone modifications shaped by numerous histone-modifying enzymes and chromatin remodeling, are pivotal for proficient DSB repair. Dynamic chromatin changes ensure accessibility to the damaged region, recruit DNA repair proteins, and regulate their association and activity, contributing to DSB repair pathway choice and coordination. Given the paramount importance of DSB repair in tumorigenesis and cancer progression, DSB repair has turned into an attractive target for the development of novel anticancer therapies, some of which have already entered the clinic.
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15
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Williams DE, Andersen RJ. Biologically active marine natural products and their molecular targets discovered using a chemical genetics approach. Nat Prod Rep 2020; 37:617-633. [PMID: 31750842 PMCID: PMC7874888 DOI: 10.1039/c9np00054b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2000 to 2019The discovery of new natural products that have some combination of unprecedented chemical structures, biological activities of therapeutic interest for urgent medical needs, and new molecular targets provides the fuel that sustains the vitality of natural products chemistry research. Unfortunately, finding these important new compounds is neither routine or trivial and a major challenge is finding effective discovery paradigms. This review presents examples that illustrate the effectiveness of a chemical genetics approach to marine natural product (MNP) discovery that intertwines compound discovery, molecular target identification, and phenotypic response/biological activity. The examples include MNPs that have complex unprecedented structures, new or understudied molecular targets, and potent biological activities of therapeutic interest. A variety of methods to identify molecular targets are also featured.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Williams
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth, Ocean & Atmospheric Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.
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16
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Ganesan A. Epigenetic drug discovery: a success story for cofactor interference. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2019; 373:rstb.2017.0069. [PMID: 29685973 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Within the past two decades, seven epigenetic drugs have received regulatory approval and numerous other candidates are currently in clinical trials. Among the epigenetic targets are the writer and eraser enzymes that are, respectively, responsible for the reversible introduction and removal of structural modifications in the nucleosome. This review discusses the progress achieved in the design and development of inhibitors against the key writer and eraser pairs: DNA methyltransferases and Tet demethylases; lysine/arginine methyltransferases and lysine demethylases; and histone acetyltransferases and histone deacetylases. A common theme for the successful inhibition of these enzymes in a potent and selective manner is the targeting of the cofactors present in the active site, namely zinc and iron cations, S-adenosylmethione, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, flavin adenine dinucleotide and acetyl Coenzyme A.This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Frontiers in epigenetic chemical biology'.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ganesan
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK .,Freiburg Institute of Advanced Studies (FRIAS), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
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17
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Singh PK. Histone methyl transferases: A class of epigenetic opportunities to counter uncontrolled cell proliferation. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 166:351-368. [PMID: 30735901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
With each newly disclosed resistance mechanism, management of cancer with previously established targets have become a "failure" oriented approach. Molecular targets such as kinases did initially provide a ray of hope against cancer but with decades of struggle between novel therapeutic agents and more sophisticated resistance mechanisms, they seem to have saturated as anti-cancer targets. Now, with more exhaustive molecular recognition techniques and approaches, epigenetic targets have accessed the centre stage as anti-cancer targets. Accordingly, several classes of epigenetic enzymes are being studied for this role and histone methyltransferases form one such class. They include a class of epigenetic enzymes which transfer methyl group from histone proteins and maintain genetic homeostasis. In cancer, several reports have deduced upregulation of different members of this family according to the tumor environment, establishing them as one of the novel anti-cancer targets. This compilation provides an updated information on several members of histone methyltransferases family as epigenetic targets for developing novel anti-cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India.
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18
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Lascano S, Lopez M, Arimondo PB. Natural Products and Chemical Biology Tools: Alternatives to Target Epigenetic Mechanisms in Cancers. CHEM REC 2018; 18:1854-1876. [PMID: 30537358 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation and histone acetylation are widely studied epigenetic modifications. They are involved in numerous pathologies such as cancer, neurological disease, inflammation, obesity, etc. Since the discovery of the epigenome, numerous compounds have been developed to reverse DNA methylation and histone acetylation aberrant profile in diseases. Among them several were inspired by Nature and have a great interest as therapeutic molecules. In the quest of finding new ways to target epigenetic mechanisms, the use of chemical tools is a powerful strategy to better understand epigenetic mechanisms in biological systems. In this review we will present natural products reported as DNMT or HDAC inhibitors for anticancer treatments. We will then discuss the use of chemical tools that have been used in order to explore the epigenome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Lascano
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 CNRS-Université de Montpellier-ENSCM, 240 avenue du Prof. E. Jeanbrau, 34296, Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Marie Lopez
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 CNRS-Université de Montpellier-ENSCM, 240 avenue du Prof. E. Jeanbrau, 34296, Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Paola B Arimondo
- Epigenetic Chemical Biology, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR3523, 28 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724, Paris cedex 15, France
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19
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Thioquinomycins A-D, novel naphthothiophenediones from the marine-derived Streptomyces sp. SS17F. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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20
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Biswas S, Rao CM. Epigenetic tools (The Writers, The Readers and The Erasers) and their implications in cancer therapy. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 837:8-24. [PMID: 30125562 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Addition of chemical tags on the DNA and modification of histone proteins impart a distinct feature on chromatin architecture. With the advancement in scientific research, the key players underlying these changes have been identified as epigenetic modifiers of the chromatin. Indeed, the plethora of enzymes catalyzing these modifications, portray the diversity of epigenetic space and the intricacy in regulating gene expression. These epigenetic players are categorized as writers: that introduce various chemical modifications on DNA and histones, readers: the specialized domain containing proteins that identify and interpret those modifications and erasers: the dedicated group of enzymes proficient in removing these chemical tags. Research over the past few decades has established that these epigenetic tools are associated with numerous disease conditions especially cancer. Besides, with the involvement of epigenetics in cancer, these enzymes and protein domains provide new targets for cancer drug development. This is certain from the volume of epigenetic research conducted in universities and R&D sector of pharmaceutical industry. Here we have highlighted the different types of epigenetic enzymes and protein domains with an emphasis on methylation and acetylation. This review also deals with the recent developments in small molecule inhibitors as potential anti-cancer drugs targeting the epigenetic space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhankar Biswas
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - C Mallikarjuna Rao
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
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21
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Hirano T, Mori S, Kagechika H. Recent Advances in Chemical Tools for the Regulation and Study of Protein Lysine Methyltransferases. CHEM REC 2018; 18:1745-1759. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Hirano
- Institute of Biomaterials and BioengineeringTokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 101-0062 Japan
| | - Shuichi Mori
- Institute of Biomaterials and BioengineeringTokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 101-0062 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kagechika
- Institute of Biomaterials and BioengineeringTokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 101-0062 Japan
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22
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Richard K, Williams DE, de Silva ED, Brockman MA, Brumme ZL, Andersen RJ, Tietjen I. Identification of Novel HIV-1 Latency-Reversing Agents from a Library of Marine Natural Products. Viruses 2018; 10:v10070348. [PMID: 29954099 PMCID: PMC6071113 DOI: 10.3390/v10070348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products originating from marine and plant materials are a rich source of chemical diversity and unique antimicrobials. Using an established in vitro model of HIV-1 latency, we screened 257 pure compounds from a marine natural product library and identified 4 (psammaplin A, aplysiatoxin, debromoaplysiatoxin, and previously-described alotaketal C) that induced expression of latent HIV-1 provirus in both cell line and primary cell models. Notably, aplysiatoxin induced similar levels of HIV-1 expression as prostratin but at up to 900-fold lower concentrations and without substantial effects on cell viability. Psammaplin A enhanced HIV-1 expression synergistically when treated in combination with the protein kinase C (PKC) activator prostratin, but not the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) panobinostat, suggesting that psammaplin A functions as a latency-reversing agent (LRA) of the HDACi class. Conversely, aplysiatoxin and debromoaplysiatoxin synergized with panobinostat but not prostratin, suggesting that they function as PKC activators. Our study identifies new compounds from previously untested marine natural products and adds to the repertoire of LRAs that can inform therapeutic “shock-and-kill”-based strategies to eliminate latent HIV-infected reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khumoekae Richard
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - David E Williams
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth, Ocean & Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - E Dilip de Silva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka.
| | - Mark A Brockman
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada.
| | - Zabrina L Brumme
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada.
| | - Raymond J Andersen
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth, Ocean & Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Ian Tietjen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
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23
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Prakash A, Garcia-Moreno JF, Brown JAL, Bourke E. Clinically Applicable Inhibitors Impacting Genome Stability. Molecules 2018; 23:E1166. [PMID: 29757235 PMCID: PMC6100577 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in technology have facilitated the molecular profiling (genomic and transcriptomic) of tumours, and has led to improved stratification of patients and the individualisation of treatment regimes. To fully realize the potential of truly personalised treatment options, we need targeted therapies that precisely disrupt the compensatory pathways identified by profiling which allow tumours to survive or gain resistance to treatments. Here, we discuss recent advances in novel therapies that impact the genome (chromosomes and chromatin), pathways targeted and the stage of the pathways targeted. The current state of research will be discussed, with a focus on compounds that have advanced into trials (clinical and pre-clinical). We will discuss inhibitors of specific DNA damage responses and other genome stability pathways, including those in development, which are likely to synergistically combine with current therapeutic options. Tumour profiling data, combined with the knowledge of new treatments that affect the regulation of essential tumour signalling pathways, is revealing fundamental insights into cancer progression and resistance mechanisms. This is the forefront of the next evolution of advanced oncology medicine that will ultimately lead to improved survival and may, one day, result in many cancers becoming chronic conditions, rather than fatal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Prakash
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 YR71 Galway, Ireland.
| | - Juan F Garcia-Moreno
- Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 YR71 Galway, Ireland.
| | - James A L Brown
- Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 YR71 Galway, Ireland.
| | - Emer Bourke
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 YR71 Galway, Ireland.
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24
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Guillade L, González-Pérez AB, de Lera ÁR. Synthesis of the octahydronaphthalene core of nahuoic acid A via a B(C 6F 5) 3-catalyzed intramolecular Diels-Alder (IMDA) reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:7430-7438. [PMID: 28831488 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01665d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Model tetraenal 9b underwent intramolecular Diels-Alder cycloaddition in CH2Cl2 at -10 °C under catalysis by the bulky Lewis acid B(C6F5)3 to deliver as major components the cis-fused angularly-methylated octahydronaphthalene products, which are formed through the alternative exo orientations of the reacting moieties. One of these diastereomers features the relative and absolute configuration present in the core of nahuoic acid A, a natural product that acts as a cofactor-competitive inhibitor of the lysine methyl transferase SETD8. By contrast, catalysis of the reaction by Me2AlCl at -40 °C selectively afforded the trans-fused isomer resulting from the Re-endo orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Guillade
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CINBIO), Universidade de Vigo, Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
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25
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Abstract
Covering: 2016. Previous review: Nat. Prod. Rep., 2017, 34, 235-294This review covers the literature published in 2016 for marine natural products (MNPs), with 757 citations (643 for the period January to December 2016) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, mangroves and other intertidal plants and microorganisms. The emphasis is on new compounds (1277 in 432 papers for 2016), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Reviews, biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that led to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Blunt
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
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26
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Abstract
A convergent total synthesis of (-)-nahuoic acid Ci(Bii) (3), a novel cis-decalin polyketide, has been achieved. Key synthetic transformations include Type II Anion Relay Chemistry (ARC) to construct the polyol chain, a Ti-catalyzed asymmetric Diels-Alder reaction to generate the cis-decalin skeleton, and a late-stage large fragment union exploiting a Micalizio alkoxide-directed alkyne-alkene coupling tactic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter and Monell Chemical Senses Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Yifan Deng
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter and Monell Chemical Senses Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Amos B. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter and Monell Chemical Senses Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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27
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Mayer AMS, Rodríguez AD, Taglialatela-Scafati O, Fusetani N. Marine Pharmacology in 2012-2013: Marine Compounds with Antibacterial, Antidiabetic, Antifungal, Anti-Inflammatory, Antiprotozoal, Antituberculosis, and Antiviral Activities; Affecting the Immune and Nervous Systems, and Other Miscellaneous Mechanisms of Action. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15090273. [PMID: 28850074 PMCID: PMC5618412 DOI: 10.3390/md15090273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The peer-reviewed marine pharmacology literature from 2012 to 2013 was systematically reviewed, consistent with the 1998–2011 reviews of this series. Marine pharmacology research from 2012 to 2013, conducted by scientists from 42 countries in addition to the United States, reported findings on the preclinical pharmacology of 257 marine compounds. The preclinical pharmacology of compounds isolated from marine organisms revealed antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, antiviral and anthelmitic pharmacological activities for 113 marine natural products. In addition, 75 marine compounds were reported to have antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory activities and affect the immune and nervous system. Finally, 69 marine compounds were shown to display miscellaneous mechanisms of action which could contribute to novel pharmacological classes. Thus, in 2012–2013, the preclinical marine natural product pharmacology pipeline provided novel pharmacology and lead compounds to the clinical marine pharmaceutical pipeline, and contributed significantly to potentially novel therapeutic approaches to several global disease categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro M S Mayer
- Department of Pharmacology, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA.
| | - Abimael D Rodríguez
- Molecular Sciences Research Center, University of Puerto Rico, 1390 Ponce de León Avenue, San Juan, PR 00926, USA.
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Kaniskan HÜ, Jin J. Recent progress in developing selective inhibitors of protein methyltransferases. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2017; 39:100-108. [PMID: 28662389 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that protein methyltransferases (PMTs), which catalyze methylation of histones as well as non-histone proteins, play a crucial role in diverse biological pathways and human diseases. In particular, PMTs have been recognized as major players in regulating gene expression and chromatin state. There has been an increasingly growing interest in these enzymes as potential therapeutic targets and over the past two years tremendous progress has been made in the discovery of selective, small molecule inhibitors of protein lysine and arginine methyltransferases. Inhibitors of PMTs have been used extensively in oncology studies as tool compounds, and inhibitors of EZH2, DOT1L and PRMT5 are currently in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ümit Kaniskan
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States.
| | - Jian Jin
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States.
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29
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Abstract
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Post-translational
modifications of histones by protein methyltransferases
(PMTs) and histone demethylases (KDMs) play an important role in the
regulation of gene expression and transcription and are implicated
in cancer and many other diseases. Many of these enzymes also target
various nonhistone proteins impacting numerous crucial biological
pathways. Given their key biological functions and implications in
human diseases, there has been a growing interest in assessing these
enzymes as potential therapeutic targets. Consequently, discovering
and developing inhibitors of these enzymes has become a very active
and fast-growing research area over the past decade. In this review,
we cover the discovery, characterization, and biological application
of inhibitors of PMTs and KDMs with emphasis on key advancements in
the field. We also discuss challenges, opportunities, and future directions
in this emerging, exciting research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ümit Kaniskan
- Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Michael L Martini
- Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Jian Jin
- Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York 10029, United States
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30
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Judge RA, Zhu H, Upadhyay AK, Bodelle PM, Hutchins CW, Torrent M, Marin VL, Yu W, Vedadi M, Li F, Brown PJ, Pappano WN, Sun C, Petros AM. Turning a Substrate Peptide into a Potent Inhibitor for the Histone Methyltransferase SETD8. ACS Med Chem Lett 2016; 7:1102-1106. [PMID: 27994746 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
SETD8 is a histone H4-K20 methyltransferase that plays an essential role in the maintenance of genomic integrity during mitosis and in DNA damage repair, making it an intriguing target for cancer research. While some small molecule inhibitors for SETD8 have been reported, the structural binding modes for these inhibitors have not been revealed. Using the complex structure of the substrate peptide bound to SETD8 as a starting point, different natural and unnatural amino acid substitutions were tested, and a potent (Ki 50 nM, IC50 0.33 μM) and selective norleucine containing peptide inhibitor has been obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell A. Judge
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan
Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Haizhong Zhu
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan
Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Anup K. Upadhyay
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan
Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Pierre M. Bodelle
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan
Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Charles W. Hutchins
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan
Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Maricel Torrent
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan
Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Violeta L. Marin
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan
Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Wenyu Yu
- Structural
Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G
1L7, Canada
| | - Masoud Vedadi
- Structural
Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G
1L7, Canada
| | - Fengling Li
- Structural
Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G
1L7, Canada
| | - Peter J. Brown
- Structural
Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G
1L7, Canada
| | - William N. Pappano
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan
Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Chaohong Sun
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan
Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Andrew M. Petros
- AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan
Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
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31
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Butler KV, Ma A, Yu W, Li F, Tempel W, Babault N, Pittella-Silva F, Shao J, Wang J, Luo M, Vedadi M, Brown PJ, Arrowsmith CH, Jin J. Structure-Based Design of a Covalent Inhibitor of the SET Domain-Containing Protein 8 (SETD8) Lysine Methyltransferase. J Med Chem 2016; 59:9881-9889. [PMID: 27804297 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Selective inhibitors of protein lysine methyltransferases, including SET domain-containing protein 8 (SETD8), are highly desired, as only a fraction of these enzymes are associated with high-quality inhibitors. From our previously discovered SETD8 inhibitor, we developed a more potent analog and solved a cocrystal structure, which is the first crystal structure of SETD8 in complex with a small-molecule inhibitor. This cocrystal structure allowed the design of a covalent inhibitor of SETD8 (MS453), which specifically modifies a cysteine residue near the inhibitor binding site, has an IC50 value of 804 nM, reacts with SETD8 with near-quantitative yield, and is selective for SETD8 against 28 other methyltransferases. We also solved the crystal structure of the covalent inhibitor in complex with SETD8. This work provides atomic-level perspective on the inhibition of SETD8 by small molecules and will help identify high-quality chemical probes of SETD8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle V Butler
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Anqi Ma
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Wenyu Yu
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Fengling Li
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Wolfram Tempel
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Nicolas Babault
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Fabio Pittella-Silva
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Jason Shao
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Junyi Wang
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Minkui Luo
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Masoud Vedadi
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Peter J Brown
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Cheryl H Arrowsmith
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jian Jin
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York 10029, United States
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32
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Milite C, Feoli A, Viviano M, Rescigno D, Cianciulli A, Balzano AL, Mai A, Castellano S, Sbardella G. The emerging role of lysine methyltransferase SETD8 in human diseases. Clin Epigenetics 2016; 8:102. [PMID: 27688818 PMCID: PMC5034662 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-016-0268-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
SETD8/SET8/Pr-SET7/KMT5A is the only known lysine methyltransferase (KMT) that monomethylates lysine 20 of histone H4 (H4K20) in vivo. Lysine residues of non-histone proteins including proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and p53 are also monomethylated. As a consequence, the methyltransferase activity of the enzyme is implicated in many essential cellular processes including DNA replication, DNA damage response, transcription modulation, and cell cycle regulation. This review aims to provide an overview of the roles of SETD8 in physiological and pathological pathways and to discuss the progress made to date in inhibiting the activity of SETD8 by small molecules, with an emphasis on their discovery, selectivity over other methyltransferases and cellular activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciro Milite
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy ; Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy
| | - Alessandra Feoli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy ; Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy ; Programma di Dottorato di Ricerca in Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy
| | - Monica Viviano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy ; Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy
| | - Donatella Rescigno
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy ; Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy ; Programma di Dottorato di Ricerca in Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy
| | - Agostino Cianciulli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy ; Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy ; Programma di Dottorato di Ricerca in Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy
| | - Amodio Luca Balzano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy ; Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy ; Programma di Dottorato di Ricerca in Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Castellano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy ; Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy ; Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, Baronissi, I-84081 Salerno, Italy
| | - Gianluca Sbardella
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy ; Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, I-84084 Salerno, Italy
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33
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Design, synthesis, and protein methyltransferase activity of a unique set of constrained amine containing compounds. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:4436-4440. [PMID: 27528434 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations relate to various human diseases, and developing inhibitors of Kme regulatory proteins is considered to be a new frontier for drug discovery. We were inspired by the known multicyclic ligands, UNC669 and UNC926, which are the first reported small molecule ligands for a methyl-lysine binding domain. We hypothesized that reducing the conformational flexibility of the key amine moiety of UNC669 would result in a unique set of ligands. Twenty-five novel compounds containing a fused bi- or tricyclic amine or a spirocyclic amine were designed and synthesized. To gauge the potential of these amine-containing compounds to interact with Kme regulatory proteins, the compounds were screened against a panel of 24 protein methyltransferases. Compound 13 was discovered as a novel scaffold that interacts with SETD8 and could serve as a starting point for the future development of PKMT inhibitors.
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34
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Milite C, Feoli A, Viviano M, Rescigno D, Mai A, Castellano S, Sbardella G. Progress in the Development of Lysine Methyltransferase SETD8 Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:1680-5. [PMID: 27411844 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
SETD8/SET8/Pr-SET7/KMT5A is the only known lysine methyltransferase that monomethylates lysine 20 of histone H4 (H4K20) in vivo. The methyltransferase activity of SETD8 has been implicated in many essential cellular processes, including DNA replication, DNA damage response, transcription modulation, and cell cycle regulation. In addition to H4K20, SETD8 monomethylates non-histone substrates including proliferating cell nuclear antigen and p53. During the past decade, different structural classes of inhibitors targeting various lysine methyltransferases have been designed and developed. However, the development of SETD8 inhibitors is still in its infancy. This review covers the progress made to date in inhibiting the activity of SETD8 by small molecules, with an emphasis on their discovery, selectivity over other methyltransferases, and cellular activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciro Milite
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy.,Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Alessandra Feoli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy.,Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy.,Programma di Dottorato di Ricerca in Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Monica Viviano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy.,Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Donatella Rescigno
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy.,Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy.,Programma di Dottorato di Ricerca in Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- Istituto Pasteur - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Castellano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy.,Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy.,Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Gianluca Sbardella
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy. .,Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy.
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35
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Strelow JM, Xiao M, Cavitt RN, Fite NC, Margolis BJ, Park KJ. The Use of Nucleosome Substrates Improves Binding of SAM Analogs to SETD8. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 21:786-94. [PMID: 27369108 DOI: 10.1177/1087057116656596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
SETD8 is the methyltransferase responsible for monomethylation of lysine at position 20 of the N-terminus of histone H4 (H4K20). This activity has been implicated in both DNA damage and cell cycle progression. Existing biochemical assays have utilized truncated enzymes containing the SET domain of SETD8 and peptide substrates. In this report, we present the development of a mechanistically balanced biochemical assay using full-length SETD8 and a recombinant nucleosome substrate. This improves the binding of SAM, SAH, and sinefungin by up to 10,000-fold. A small collection of inhibitors structurally related to SAM were screened and 40 compounds were identified that only inhibit SETD8 when a nucleosome substrate is used.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Strelow
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Min Xiao
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Rachel N Cavitt
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Nathan C Fite
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Brandon J Margolis
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kyu-Jin Park
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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36
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Williams DE, Izard F, Arnould S, Dalisay DS, Tantapakul C, Maneerat W, Matainaho T, Julien E, Andersen RJ. Structures of Nahuoic Acids B-E Produced in Culture by a Streptomyces sp. Isolated from a Marine Sediment and Evidence for the Inhibition of the Histone Methyl Transferase SETD8 in Human Cancer Cells by Nahuoic Acid A. J Org Chem 2016; 81:1324-32. [PMID: 26815947 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Nahuoic acids A-E (1-5) have been isolated from laboratory cultures of a Streptomyces sp. obtained from a tropical marine sediment. The structures of the new polyketides 2-5 were elucidated by analysis of spectroscopic data of the natural products and the chemical derivatives 6 and 7. Nahuoic acids 1-5 are in vitro inhibitors of the histone methyltransferase SETD8, and nahuoic acid A (1) and its pentaacetate derivative 8 inhibit the proliferation of several cancer cells lines in vitro with modest potency. At the IC50 for cancer cell proliferation, nahuoic acid A (1) showed selective inhibition of SETD8 in U2OS osteosarcoma cells that reflect its selectivity against a panel of pure histone methyl transferases. A cell cycle analysis revealed that the cellular toxicity of nahuoic acid A (1) is likely linked to its ability to inhibit SETD8 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Williams
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Fanny Izard
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM) , Montpellier F-34298, France
| | - Stéphanie Arnould
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM) , Montpellier F-34298, France
| | - Doralyn S Dalisay
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Cholpisut Tantapakul
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Wisanu Maneerat
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | | | - Eric Julien
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM) , Montpellier F-34298, France
| | - Raymond J Andersen
- Departments of Chemistry and Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z1
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37
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Nong XH, Zhang XY, Xu XY, Wang J, Qi SH. Nahuoic Acids B-E, Polyhydroxy Polyketides from the Marine-Derived Streptomyces sp. SCSGAA 0027. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:141-148. [PMID: 26684286 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Four new polyol polyketides containing a decalin ring, nahuoic acids B-E (1-4), together with a known analogue, nahuoic acid A (5), possessing an unprecedented carbon skeleton, were isolated from a culture broth of the marine-derived Streptomyces sp. SCSGAA 0027. Their structures were determined by detailed analysis of spectroscopic data and chemical transformations including acetonide formation and Mosher's ester method. Compounds 1-5 showed weak antibiofilm activity against Shewanella onedensis MR-1 biofilm. This is the first series of analogues of the novel selective SETD8 inhibitor nahuoic acid A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Hua Nong
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica/RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301 Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica/RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301 Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Ya Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica/RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301 Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica/RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301 Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Hua Qi
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica/RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301 Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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38
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Abstract
This review covers the literature published in 2013 for marine natural products (MNPs), with 982 citations (644 for the period January to December 2013) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, mangroves and other intertidal plants and microorganisms. The emphasis is on new compounds (1163 for 2013), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Reviews, biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that lead to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Blunt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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39
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Abstract
Lysine methyltransferase which catalyze methylation of histone and non-histone proteins, play a crucial role in diverse biological processes and has emerged as a promising target for the development of various human diseases, including cancer, inflammation, and psychiatric disorders. However, inhibiting lysine methyltransferases selectively has presented many challenges to medicinal chemists. During the past decade, lysine methyltransferase inhibitors covering many different structural classes have been designed and developed. In this review, we describe the development of selective, small-molecule inhibitors of lysine methyltransferases with an emphasis on their discovery and chemical synthesis. We highlight the current state of lysine methyltransferase inhibitors and discuss future directions and opportunities for lysine methyltransferase inhibitor discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tao Ye
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung Hom, Hong Kong
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40
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Li G, Kusari S, Spiteller M. Natural products containing 'decalin' motif in microorganisms. Nat Prod Rep 2015; 31:1175-201. [PMID: 24984916 DOI: 10.1039/c4np00031e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms are well-known producers of a wide variety of bioactive compounds that are utilized not only for their primary metabolism but also for other purposes such as defense, detoxification, or communication with other micro- and macro-organisms. Natural products containing a 'decalin ring' occur often in microorganisms. They exhibit diverse and remarkable biological activities, including antifungal, antibacterial, anticancer and immunosuppressive activities, to name a few. This review surveys the natural decalin-type compounds that have been isolated from microorganisms, with emphasis on both chemical and biological implications. Total syntheses of some important decalin moiety-containing natural products are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str.6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany.
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41
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Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that protein methyltransferases (PMTs), which catalyze methylation of histone and nonhistone proteins, play a crucial role in diverse biological processes and human diseases. In particular, PMTs have been recognized as major players in regulating gene expression and chromatin state. PMTs are divided into two categories: protein lysine methyltransferases (PKMTs) and protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs). There has been a steadily growing interest in these enzymes as potential therapeutic targets and therefore discovery of PMT inhibitors has also been pursued increasingly over the past decade. Here, we present a perspective on selective, small-molecule inhibitors of PMTs with an emphasis on their discovery, characterization, and applicability as chemical tools for deciphering the target PMTs' physiological functions and involvement in human diseases. We highlight the current state of PMT inhibitors and discuss future directions and opportunities for PMT inhibitor discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ümit Kaniskan
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, ‡Department of Oncological Sciences, §Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10029, United States
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Blum G, Ibáñez G, Rao X, Shum D, Radu C, Djaballah H, Rice JC, Luo M. Small-molecule inhibitors of SETD8 with cellular activity. ACS Chem Biol 2014; 9:2471-8. [PMID: 25137013 PMCID: PMC4245162 DOI: 10.1021/cb500515r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
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SETD8/SET8/Pr-SET7/KMT5A
is the sole protein lysine methyltransferase
(PKMT) known to monomethylate lysine 20 of histone H4 in vivo. SETD8’s methyltransferase activity has been implicated in
many essential cellular processes including DNA replication, DNA damage
response, transcription modulation, and cell cycle regulation. Developing
SETD8 inhibitors with cellular activity is a key step toward elucidating
the diverse roles of SETD8 via convenient pharmacological perturbation.
From the hits of a prior high throughput screen (HTS), SPS8I1–3 (NSC663284, BVT948, and ryuvidine) were validated as potent SETD8
inhibitors. These compounds contain different structural motifs and
inhibit SETD8 via distinct modes. More importantly, these compounds
show cellular activity by suppressing the H4K20me1 mark of SETD8 and
recapitulate characteristic S/G2/M-phase cell cycle defects as observed
for RNAi-mediated SETD8 knockdown. The commonality of SPS8I1–3 against SETD8, together with their distinct structures and mechanisms
for SETD8 inhibition, argues for the collective application of these
compounds as SETD8 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiangjun Rao
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | | | | | | | - Judd C. Rice
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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43
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Tough DF, Lewis HD, Rioja I, Lindon MJ, Prinjha RK. Epigenetic pathway targets for the treatment of disease: accelerating progress in the development of pharmacological tools: IUPHAR Review 11. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:4981-5010. [PMID: 25060293 PMCID: PMC4253452 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The properties of a cell are determined both genetically by the DNA sequence of its genes and epigenetically through processes that regulate the pattern, timing and magnitude of expression of its genes. While the genetic basis of disease has been a topic of intense study for decades, recent years have seen a dramatic increase in the understanding of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms and a growing appreciation that epigenetic misregulation makes a significant contribution to human disease. Several large protein families have been identified that act in different ways to control the expression of genes through epigenetic mechanisms. Many of these protein families are finally proving tractable for the development of small molecules that modulate their function and represent new target classes for drug discovery. Here, we provide an overview of some of the key epigenetic regulatory proteins and discuss progress towards the development of pharmacological tools for use in research and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David F Tough
- Immuno-Inflammation Therapy Area, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Epinova DPU, Stevenage, UK
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44
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Schnekenburger M, Dicato M, Diederich M. Epigenetic modulators from “The Big Blue”: A treasure to fight against cancer. Cancer Lett 2014; 351:182-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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45
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Ma A, Yu W, Li F, Bleich RM, Herold JM, Butler KV, Norris JL, Korboukh V, Tripathy A, Janzen WP, Arrowsmith CH, Frye SV, Vedadi M, Brown PJ, Jin J. Discovery of a selective, substrate-competitive inhibitor of the lysine methyltransferase SETD8. J Med Chem 2014; 57:6822-33. [PMID: 25032507 PMCID: PMC4136711 DOI: 10.1021/jm500871s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The lysine methyltransferase SETD8 is the only known methyltransferase that catalyzes monomethylation of histone H4 lysine 20 (H4K20). Monomethylation of H4K20 has been implicated in regulating diverse biological processes including the DNA damage response. In addition to H4K20, SETD8 monomethylates non-histone substrates including proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and promotes carcinogenesis by deregulating PCNA expression. However, selective inhibitors of SETD8 are scarce. The only known selective inhibitor of SETD8 to date is nahuoic acid A, a marine natural product, which is competitive with the cofactor. Here, we report the discovery of the first substrate-competitive inhibitor of SETD8, UNC0379 (1). This small-molecule inhibitor is active in multiple biochemical assays. Its affinity to SETD8 was confirmed by ITC (isothermal titration calorimetry) and SPR (surface plasmon resonance) studies. Importantly, compound 1 is selective for SETD8 over 15 other methyltransferases. We also describe structure-activity relationships (SAR) of this series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Ma
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, ‡Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, §Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, and ∥Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, UNC Macromolecular Interactions Facility, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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46
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Stonik VA, Fedorov SN. Marine low molecular weight natural products as potential cancer preventive compounds. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:636-71. [PMID: 24473167 PMCID: PMC3944507 DOI: 10.3390/md12020636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to taxonomic positions and special living environments, marine organisms produce secondary metabolites that possess unique structures and biological activities. This review is devoted to recently isolated and/or earlier described marine compounds with potential or established cancer preventive activities, their biological sources, molecular mechanisms of their action, and their associations with human health and nutrition. The review covers literature published in 2003–2013 years and focuses on findings of the last 2 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin A Stonik
- Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku, 159, Vladivostok 690950, Russia.
| | - Sergey N Fedorov
- Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku, 159, Vladivostok 690950, Russia.
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47
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Chen G, Wang HF, Pei YH. Secondary metabolites from marine-derived microorganisms. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2014; 16:105-122. [PMID: 24215463 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2013.855202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In the search for novel and bioactive molecules for drug discovery, marine-derived natural resources, especially marine microorganisms are becoming an important and interesting research area. This study covers the literature published after 2008 on secondary metabolites of marine-derived microorganisms. The emphasis was on new compounds with the relevant biological activities, strain information, and country of origin. New compounds without biological activity were not included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- a School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , 110016 , China
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48
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Ma A, Yu W, Xiong Y, Butler KV, Brown PJ, Jin J. Structure-activity relationship studies of SETD8 inhibitors. MEDCHEMCOMM 2014; 5:1892-1898. [PMID: 25554733 DOI: 10.1039/c4md00317a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
SETD8 (also known as SET8, PR-SET7, or KMT5A (lysine methyltransferase 5A)) is the only known lysine methyltransferase that catalyzes monomethylation of histone H4 lysine 20 (H4K20). In addition to H4K20, SETD8 monomethylates non-histone substrates such as the tumor suppressor p53 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Because of its role in regulating diverse biological processes, SETD8 has been pursued as a potential therapeutic target. We recently reported the first substrate-competitive SETD8 inhibitor, UNC0379 (1), which is selective for SETD8 over 15 other methyltransferases. We characterized this inhibitor in a battery of biochemical and biophysical assays. Here we describe our comprehensive structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of this chemical series. In addition to 2- and 4-substituents, we extensively explored 6- and 7-substituents of the quinazoline scaffold. These SAR studies led to the discovery of several new compounds, which displayed similar potencies as compound 1, and interesting SAR trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Ma
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, United States
| | - Wenyu Yu
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Yan Xiong
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, United States
| | - Kyle V Butler
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, United States
| | - Peter J Brown
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Jian Jin
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, United States ; Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, United States ; Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, United States
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49
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Hassler MR, Schiefer AI, Egger G. Combating the epigenome: epigenetic drugs against non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Epigenomics 2013; 5:397-415. [PMID: 23895653 DOI: 10.2217/epi.13.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) comprise a large and diverse group of neoplasms of lymphocyte origin with heterogeneous molecular features and clinical manifestations. Current therapies are based on standard chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation or stem cell transplantation. The discovery of recurrent mutations in epigenetic enzymes, such as chromatin modifiers and DNA methyltransferases, has provided researchers with a rationale to develop novel inhibitors targeting these enzymes. Several clinical and preclinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of epigenetic drugs in NHL therapy and a few specific inhibitors have already been approved for clinical use. Here, we provide an overview of current NHL classification and a review of the present literature describing epigenetic alterations in NHL, including a summary of different epigenetic drugs, and their use in preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie R Hassler
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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50
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Liu F, Barsyte-Lovejoy D, Li F, Xiong Y, Korboukh V, Huang XP, Allali-Hassani A, Janzen WP, Roth BL, Frye SV, Arrowsmith CH, Brown PJ, Vedadi M, Jin J. Discovery of an in vivo chemical probe of the lysine methyltransferases G9a and GLP. J Med Chem 2013; 56:8931-42. [PMID: 24102134 PMCID: PMC3880643 DOI: 10.1021/jm401480r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Among epigenetic "writers", "readers", and "erasers", the lysine methyltransferases G9a and GLP, which catalyze mono- and dimethylation of histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9me2) and nonhistone proteins, have been implicated in a variety of human diseases. A "toolkit" of well-characterized chemical probes will allow biological and disease hypotheses concerning these proteins to be tested in cell-based and animal models with high confidence. We previously discovered potent and selective G9a/GLP inhibitors including the cellular chemical probe UNC0638, which displays an excellent separation of functional potency and cell toxicity. However, this inhibitor is not suitable for animal studies due to its poor pharmacokinetic (PK) properties. Here, we report the discovery of the first G9a and GLP in vivo chemical probe UNC0642, which not only maintains high in vitro and cellular potency, low cell toxicity, and excellent selectivity, but also displays improved in vivo PK properties, making it suitable for animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy
| | - Dalia Barsyte-Lovejoy
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fengling Li
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yan Xiong
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy
| | - Victoria Korboukh
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy
| | - Xi-Ping Huang
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Abdellah Allali-Hassani
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Ontario, Canada
| | - William P. Janzen
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy
| | - Bryan L. Roth
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Stephen V. Frye
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy
| | - Cheryl H. Arrowsmith
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter J. Brown
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Ontario, Canada
| | - Masoud Vedadi
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jian Jin
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
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