1
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Akram MO, Tidwell JR, Dutton JL, Martin CD. Bis(1-Methyl-ortho-Carboranyl)Borane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307040. [PMID: 37338991 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
The Lewis superacid, bis(1-methyl-ortho-carboranyl)borane, is rapidly accessed in two steps. It is a very effective hydroboration reagent capable of B-H addition to alkenes, alkynes, and cyclopropanes. To date, this is the first identified Lewis superacidic secondary borane and most reactive neutral hydroboration reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjur O Akram
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97348, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - John R Tidwell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97348, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - Jason L Dutton
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Caleb D Martin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97348, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
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2
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Ferrer M, Alkorta I, Elguero J, Oliva‐Enrich JM. Use of 5,10-Disubstituted Dibenzoazaborines and Dibenzophosphaborines as Cyclic Supports of Frustrated Lewis Pairs for the Capture of CO 2. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202200204. [PMID: 35703469 PMCID: PMC9796958 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The reactivity of 5,10-disubstituted dibenzoazaborines and dibenzophosphaborines towards carbon dioxide was studied at the DFT, M06-2X/def2-TZVP, computational level. The profile of this reaction comprises of three stationary points: the pre-reactive complex and adduct minima and the transition state(TS) linking both minima. Initial results show that dibenzoazaborines derivatives are less suitable to form adducts with CO2 than dibenzophosphaborine systems. The influence of the basicity on the P atom and the acidity on the B center of the dibenzophosphaborine in the reaction with CO2 was also explored. Thus, an equation was developed relating the properties (acidity, basicity and boron hybridization) of the isolated dibenzophosphaborine derivatives with the adduct energy. We found that modulation of the boron acidity allows to obtain more stable adducts than the pre-reactive complexes and isolated monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Ferrer
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC)Juan de la Cierva, 328006MadridSpain
- PhD Program in Theoretical Chemistry and Computational ModelingDoctoral SchoolUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid28049MadridSpain
| | - Ibon Alkorta
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC)Juan de la Cierva, 328006MadridSpain
| | - Jose Elguero
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC)Juan de la Cierva, 328006MadridSpain
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3
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Zhang Y, Mo Y, Cao Z. Rational Design of Main Group Metal-Embedded Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Materials as Frustrated Lewis Pair Catalysts for CO 2 Hydrogenation to Formic Acid. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:1002-1014. [PMID: 34935336 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Developing efficient and inexpensive main group catalysts for CO2 conversion and utilization has attracted increasing attention, as the conversion process would be both economical and environmentally benign. Here, based on the main group element Al, we designed several heterogeneous frustrated Lewis acid/base pair (FLP) catalysts and performed extensive first-principles calculations for the hydrogenation of CO2. These catalysts, including Al@N-Gr-1, Al@N-Gr-2, and Al@C2N, are composed of a single Al atom and two-dimensional (2D) N-doped carbon-based materials to form frustrated Al/C or Al/N Lewis acid/base pairs, which are all predicted to have high reactivity to absorb and activate hydrogen (H2). Compared with Al@N-Gr-1, both Al@N-Gr-2 and Al@C2N, especially Al@N-Gr-2, containing Al/N Lewis pairs exhibit better catalytic activity for CO2 hydrogenation with lower activation energies. CO2 hydrogenation on the three catalysts prefers to go through a three-step mechanism, i.e., the heterolytic dissociation of H2, followed by the transfer of the hydride near Al to CO2, and finally the activation of a second H2 molecule. Other IIIA group element (B and Ga)-embedded N-Gr-2 materials (B@N-Gr-2 and Ga@N-Gr-2) were also explored and compared. Both Al@N-Gr-2 and Ga@N-Gr-2 show higher catalytic activity for CO2 hydrogenation to HCOOH than B@N-Gr-2. However, the CO2 hydrogenation path on Ga@N-Gr-2 tends to follow a two-step mechanism, including H2 dissociation and subsequent hydrogen transfer. The present study provides a potential solution for CO2 hydrogenation by designing novel and effective FLP catalysts based on main group elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemistry Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yirong Mo
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27401, United States
| | - Zexing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemistry Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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4
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Kumar A, Eyyathiyil J, Choudhury J. Reduction of Carbon Dioxide with Ammonia-Borane under Ambient Conditions: Maneuvering a Catalytic Way. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:11684-11692. [PMID: 34270234 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the development of alternatives to the traditional catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 with gaseous H2, employing nongaseous H2 storage compounds as potential reductants for catalytic transfer hydrogenation of CO2 is promising. Ammonia-borane, due to its high hydrogen storage capacity (19.6 wt %), has been used for catalytic transfer hydrogenation of several organic unsaturated compounds. However, a similar protocol involving catalytic transfer hydrogenation of less reactive CO2 with NH3BH3 is yet to be realized experimentally. Herein, we demonstrate the first catalytic CO2 transfer hydrogenation process for generating formate salt with NH3BH3 under ambient conditions (1 atm and 30 °C) employing a cationic "Ir(III)-abnormal NHC" catalyst via an electrophilic NH3BH3 activation route. It exhibited an initial turnover frequency of 686 h-1 and a high turnover number (TON) of ≈1300 in just 4 h. Most significantly, the catalyst was durable enough to maintain long-term activity, and upon only periodic recharging of NH3BH3, it furnished a total TON of >4200 in 10 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kumar
- Organometallics & Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal 462 066, India
| | - Jusaina Eyyathiyil
- Organometallics & Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal 462 066, India
| | - Joyanta Choudhury
- Organometallics & Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal 462 066, India
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5
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Guo R, Jiang J, Ke Z, Tung CH, Kong L. Incorporation of H 2O and CO 2 into a BN-embedded 3 aH-3 a1H-acephenanthrylene derivative. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:1226-1229. [PMID: 33416813 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07276a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A fused tetracyclic BN-species 1 featuring nucleophilic nitrogen and electrophilic boron centers behaves as a reactive N/B frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) for small molecule activation. Specifically, the O-H and C[double bond, length as m-dash]O bonds have been cleaved by 1 with the formation of fused borinic acid 2, borenium species 3, anionic boranuidacarboxylic acid 4 and oxadiazaborolidinone 5, respectively. Quantum-mechanical calculations are conducted to comprehensively understand the activation processes of small molecules by 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingxing Jiang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, PCFM Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhuofeng Ke
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, PCFM Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lingbing Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Škoch K, Daniliuc CG, Kehr G, Erker G. Using the FpXylBH 2•SMe 2 reagent for the regioselective synthesis of cyclic bis(alkenyl)boranes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:12178-12181. [PMID: 32914803 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05230b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The reactive borane reagent FpXylBH2•SMe2 was prepared from 1,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene by treatment with n-BuLi, followed by H3B·SMe2 and subsequent removal of hydride. It undergoes a regioselective hydroboration reaction with 1,2-bis(trimethylsilylethynyl)benzene to give the "dimeric" product 13a featuring a conjugated 14-membered core heterocyclic structure that contains a pair of FpXylB units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Škoch
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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7
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Tolzmann M, Schürmann L, Hepp A, Uhl W, Layh M. Hydrosilylation and Hydrogermylation of CO
2
and CS
2
by Al and Ga Functionalized Silanes and Germanes – Cooperative Reactivity with Formation of Silyl Formates and Disilylacetals. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Tolzmann
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Universität Münster Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Lina Schürmann
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Universität Münster Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Alexander Hepp
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Universität Münster Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Werner Uhl
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Universität Münster Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Marcus Layh
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Universität Münster Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Germany
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8
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Narsaria AK, Rauch F, Krebs J, Endres P, Friedrich A, Krummenacher I, Braunschweig H, Finze M, Nitsch J, Bickelhaupt FM, Marder TB. Computationally Guided Molecular Design to Minimize the LE/CT Gap in D-π-A Fluorinated Triarylboranes for Efficient TADF via D and π-Bridge Tuning. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020; 30:2002064. [PMID: 32774198 PMCID: PMC7405949 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202002064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In this combined experimental and theoretical study, a computational protocol is reported to predict the excited states in D-π-A compounds containing the B(FXyl)2 (FXyl = 2,6-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl) acceptor group for the design of new thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters. To this end, the effect of different donor and π-bridge moieties on the energy gaps between local and charge-transfer singlet and triplet states is examined. To prove this computationally aided design concept, the D-π-B(FXyl)2 compounds 1-5 were synthesized and fully characterized. The photophysical properties of these compounds in various solvents, polymeric film, and in a frozen matrix were investigated in detail and show excellent agreement with the computationally obtained data. Furthermore, a simple structure-property relationship is presented on the basis of the molecular fragment orbitals of the donor and the π-bridge, which minimize the relevant singlet-triplet gaps to achieve efficient TADF emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayush K. Narsaria
- Department of Theoretical ChemistryAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)and Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 1083AmsterdamNL‐1081 HVThe Netherlands
| | - Florian Rauch
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
| | - Johannes Krebs
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
| | - Peter Endres
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
| | - Alexandra Friedrich
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
| | - Maik Finze
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
| | - Jörn Nitsch
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron Julius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
| | - F. Matthias Bickelhaupt
- Department of Theoretical ChemistryAmsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS)and Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM)Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 1083AmsterdamNL‐1081 HVThe Netherlands
- Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM)Radboud UniversityHeyendaalseweg 135NijmegenNL‐6525 AJThe Netherlands
| | - Todd B. Marder
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius‐Maximilians‐Universität WürzburgAm HublandWürzburgD‐97074Germany
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9
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Guo R, Jiang J, Hu C, Liu LL, Cui P, Zhao M, Ke Z, Tung CH, Kong L. BNN-1,3-dipoles: isolation and intramolecular cycloaddition with unactivated arenes. Chem Sci 2020; 11:7053-7059. [PMID: 34122998 PMCID: PMC8159347 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02162h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The mono-base-stabilized 1,2-diboranylidenehydrazine derivatives featuring a 1,3-dipolar BNN skeleton are obtained by dehydrobromination of [ArB(Br)NH]2 (Ar = 2,6-diphenylphenyl (Dpp), Ar = 2,6-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)phenyl (Dmp) or Ar = 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl (Mes*)) with N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs). Depending on the Ar substituents, such species can be isolated as a crystalline solid (Ar = Mes*) or generated as reactive intermediates undergoing spontaneous intramolecular aminoboration of the proximal arene rings via [3 + 2] cycloaddition (Ar = Dpp or Dmp). The latter reactions showcase the 1,3-dipolar reactivity toward unactivated arenes at ambient temperature. In addition, double cycloaddition of the isolable BNN species with two CO2 molecules affords a bicyclic species consisting of two fused five-membered BN2CO rings. The electronic structures of these BNN species and the mechanisms of these cascade reactions are interrogated through density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Jingxing Jiang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, PCFM Lab, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Chenyang Hu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Liu Leo Liu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Ping Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Meihua Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Zhuofeng Ke
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, PCFM Lab, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Lingbing Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China .,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
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10
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Belaidi H, Rauch F, Zhang Z, Latouche C, Boucekkine A, Marder TB, Halet J. Insights into the Optical Properties of Triarylboranes with Strongly Electron‐Accepting Bis(fluoromesityl)boryl Groups: when Theory Meets Experiment. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201900256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Houmam Belaidi
- Univ Rennes, CNRSInstitut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Florian Rauch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Zuolun Zhang
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of ChemistryJilin University Qianjin Street Changchun P. R. China
| | - Camille Latouche
- Institut des Matériaux Jean RouxelUniversité de Nantes, CNRS 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 32229 44322 Nantes cedex 3 France
| | - Abdou Boucekkine
- Univ Rennes, CNRSInstitut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Todd B. Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Jean‐François Halet
- Univ Rennes, CNRSInstitut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
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11
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Fu HC, You F, Li HR, He LN. CO 2 Capture and in situ Catalytic Transformation. Front Chem 2019; 7:525. [PMID: 31396509 PMCID: PMC6667559 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The escalating rate of fossil fuel combustion contributes to excessive CO2 emission and the resulting global climate change has drawn considerable attention. Therefore, tremendous efforts have been devoted to mitigate the CO2 accumulation in the atmosphere. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) strategy has been regarded as one of the promising options for controlling CO2 build-up. However, desorption and compression of CO2 need extra energy input. To circumvent this energy issue, carbon capture and utilization (CCU) strategy has been proposed whereby CO2 can be captured and in situ activated simultaneously to participate in the subsequent conversion under mild conditions, offering valuable compounds. As an alternative to CCS, the CCU has attracted much concern. Although various absorbents have been developed for the CCU strategy, the direct, in situ chemical conversion of the captured CO2 into valuable chemicals remains in its infancies compared with the gaseous CO2 conversion. This review summarizes the recent progress on CO2 capture and in situ catalytic transformation. The contents are introduced according to the absorbent types, in which different reaction type is involved and the transformation mechanism of the captured CO2 and the role of the absorbent in the conversion are especially elucidated. We hope this review can shed light on the transformation of the captured CO2 and arouse broad concern on the CCU strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Chen Fu
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fei You
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong-Ru Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liang-Nian He
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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12
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Aders N, Keweloh L, Pleschka D, Hepp A, Layh M, Rogel F, Uhl W. P–H Functionalized Al/P-Based Frustrated Lewis Pairs in Dipolar Activation and Hydrophosphination: Reactions with CO2 and SO2. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Aders
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Lukas Keweloh
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Damian Pleschka
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander Hepp
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Marcus Layh
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Friedhelm Rogel
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Werner Uhl
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie der Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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13
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Li J, Daniliuc CG, Kehr G, Erker G. Preparation of the Borane (Fmes)BH 2 and its Utilization in the FLP Reduction of Carbon Monoxide and Carbon Dioxide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:6737-6741. [PMID: 30874361 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201901634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of 1,3,5-tris(trifluoromethyl)benzene with n-BuLi, followed by H3 B⋅SMe2 and subsequent hydride removal gave the (Fmes)BH2 reagent, which was isolated as a SMe2 stabilized monomer or a ligand free (μ-H)2 -bridged dimer. Reaction with Mes2 P(vinyl) gave the respective ethylene-bridged P/B(Fmes)H FLP. It reduced carbon monoxide to the formyl stage and carbon dioxide to the formaldehyde oxidation state. Most new compounds were characterized by X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
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14
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Li J, Daniliuc CG, Kehr G, Erker G. Preparation of the Borane (Fmes)BH
2
and its Utilization in the FLP Reduction of Carbon Monoxide and Carbon Dioxide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201901634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstr. 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstr. 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstr. 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstr. 40 48149 Münster Germany
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15
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Fontaine FG, Courtemanche MA, Légaré MA, Rochette É. Design principles in frustrated Lewis pair catalysis for the functionalization of carbon dioxide and heterocycles. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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16
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Blagg RJ, Simmons TR, Hatton GR, Courtney JM, Bennett EL, Lawrence EJ, Wildgoose GG. Novel B(Ar')2(Ar'') hetero-tri(aryl)boranes: a systematic study of Lewis acidity. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:6032-43. [PMID: 26541517 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt03854e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A series of homo- and hetero-tri(aryl)boranes incorporating pentafluorophenyl, 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl, and pentachlorophenyl groups, four of which are novel species, have been studied as the acidic component of frustrated Lewis pairs for the heterolytic cleavage of H2. Under mild conditions eight of these will cleave H2; the rate of cleavage depending on both the electrophilicity of the borane and the steric bulk around the boron atom. Electrochemical studies allow comparisons of the electrophilicity with spectroscopic measurements of Lewis acidity for different series of boranes. Discrepancies in the correlation between these two types of measurements, combined with structural characterisation of each borane, reveal that the twist of the aryl rings with respect to the boron-centred trigonal plane is significant from both a steric and electronic perspective, and is an important consideration in the design of tri(aryl)boranes as Lewis acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin J Blagg
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
| | - Trevor R Simmons
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
| | - Georgina R Hatton
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
| | - James M Courtney
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
| | - Elliot L Bennett
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
| | - Elliot J Lawrence
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
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17
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Wang L, Samigullin K, Wagner M, McQuilken AC, Warren TH, Daniliuc CG, Kehr G, Erker G. An Ethylene-Bridged Phosphane/Borane Frustrated Lewis Pair Featuring the -B(Fxyl)2 Lewis Acid Component. Chemistry 2016; 22:11015-21. [PMID: 27355412 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Hydroboration of dimesitylvinylphosphane with bis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borane [HB(Fxyl)2 ] gave the intramolecular ethylene-bridged P/B frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) Mes2 PCH2 CH2 B(Fxyl)2 . The new compound underwent a variety of typical FLP reactions such as P/B-addition to the carbonyl group of p-chloro-benzaldehyde. Cooperative N,N-addition to nitric oxide gave the respective persistent P/B FLPNO(.) radical, which readily reacted with 1,4-cyclohexadiene by H-atom abstraction to yield the corresponding P/B FLPNOH product. The B(Fxyl)2 -containing FLP reacted as a template for the HB(C6 F5 )2 reduction of carbon monoxide to the formyl stage to give the respective FLP(η(2) -formylborane) product. Most products were characterized by single-crystal X-ray crystal structure analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Wang
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Kamil Samigullin
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438, Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Matthias Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438, Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Alison C McQuilken
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Box 571557, Washington DC, 20057-1227, USA
| | - Timothy H Warren
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Box 571557, Washington DC, 20057-1227, USA
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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18
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von Wolff N, Lefèvre G, Berthet JC, Thuéry P, Cantat T. Implications of CO2 Activation by Frustrated Lewis Pairs in the Catalytic Hydroboration of CO2: A View Using N/Si+ Frustrated Lewis Pairs. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b00421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. von Wolff
- NIMBE,
CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - G. Lefèvre
- NIMBE,
CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J.-C. Berthet
- NIMBE,
CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - P. Thuéry
- NIMBE,
CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - T. Cantat
- NIMBE,
CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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19
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Kilpatrick AR, Green JC, Cloke FGN. The Reductive Activation of CO 2 Across a Ti=Ti Double Bond: Synthetic, Structural, and Mechanistic Studies. Organometallics 2015; 34:4816-4829. [PMID: 26538790 PMCID: PMC4623487 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reactivity of the bis(pentalene)dititanium double-sandwich compound Ti2Pn†2 (1) (Pn† = 1,4-{SiiPr3}2C8H4) with CO2 is investigated in detail using spectroscopic, X-ray crystallographic, and computational studies. When the CO2 reaction is performed at -78 °C, the 1:1 adduct 4 is formed, and low-temperature spectroscopic measurements are consistent with a CO2 molecule bound symmetrically to the two Ti centers in a μ:η2,η2 binding mode, a structure also indicated by theory. Upon warming to room temperature the coordinated CO2 is quantitatively reduced over a period of minutes to give the bis(oxo)-bridged dimer 2 and the dicarbonyl complex 3. In situ NMR studies indicated that this decomposition proceeds in a stepwise process via monooxo (5) and monocarbonyl (7) double-sandwich complexes, which have been independently synthesized and structurally characterized. 5 is thermally unstable with respect to a μ-O dimer in which the Ti-Ti bond has been cleaved and one pentalene ligand binds in an η8 fashion to each of the formally TiIII centers. The molecular structure of 7 shows a "side-on" bound carbonyl ligand. Bonding of the double-sandwich species Ti2Pn2 (Pn = C8H6) to other fragments has been investigated by density functional theory calculations and fragment analysis, providing insight into the CO2 reaction pathway consistent with the experimentally observed intermediates. A key step in the proposed mechanism is disproportionation of a mono(oxo) di-TiIII species to yield di-TiII and di-TiIV products. 1 forms a structurally characterized, thermally stable CS2 adduct 8 that shows symmetrical binding to the Ti2 unit and supports the formulation of 4. The reaction of 1 with COS forms a thermally unstable complex 9 that undergoes scission to give mono(μ-S) mono(CO) species 10. Ph3PS is an effective sulfur transfer agent for 1, enabling the synthesis of mono(μ-S) complex 11 with a double-sandwich structure and bis(μ-S) dimer 12 in which the Ti-Ti bond has been cleaved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer C. Green
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K.
| | - F. Geoffrey N. Cloke
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University
of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, U.K.
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20
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Blagg RJ, Lawrence EJ, Resner K, Oganesyan VS, Herrington TJ, Ashley AE, Wildgoose GG. Exploring structural and electronic effects in three isomers of tris{bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl}borane: towards the combined electrochemical-frustrated Lewis pair activation of H2. Dalton Trans 2015. [PMID: 26215924 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt01918d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Three structural isomers of tris{bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl}borane have been studied as the acidic component of frustrated Lewis pairs. While the 3,5-substituted isomer is already known to heterolytically cleave H2 to generate a bridging-hydride; ortho-substituents in the 2,4- and 2,5-isomers quench such reactivity through electron donation into the vacant boron pz orbital and steric blocking of the boron centre; as shown by electrochemical, structural and computational studies. Electrochemical studies of the corresponding borohydrides identify that the two-electron oxidation of terminal-hydrides occurs at more positive potentials than observed for [HB(C6F5)3](-), while the bridging-hydride oxidizes at a higher potential still, comparable to that of free H2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin J Blagg
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
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21
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Chloro({2-[mesityl(quinolin-8-yl-κN)boryl]-3,5-dimethyl-phenyl}methyl-κC)palladium(II) as a catalyst for Heck reactions. Molecules 2015; 20:12979-91. [PMID: 26193250 PMCID: PMC6332355 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200712979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently reported an air and moisture stable 16-electron borapalladacycle formed upon combination of 8-quinolyldimesitylborane with bis(benzonitrile)dichloropalladium(II). The complex features a tucked mesityl group formed upon metalation of an ortho-methyl group on a mesityl; however it is unusually stable due to contribution of the boron pz orbital in delocalizing the carbanion that gives rise to an η4-boratabutadiene fragment coordinated to Pd(II), as evidenced from crystallographic data. This complex was observed to be a highly active catalyst for the Heck reaction. Data of the catalyst activity are presented alongside data found in the literature, and initial comparison reveals that the borapalladacycle is quite active. The observed catalysis suggests the borapalladacycle readily undergoes reductive elimination; however the Pd(0) complex has not yet been isolated. Nevertheless, the ambiphilic ligand 8-quinolyldimesitylborane may be able to support palladium in different redox states.
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22
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Fan X, Zheng J, Li ZH, Wang H. Organoborane Catalyzed Regioselective 1,4-Hydroboration of Pyridines. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:4916-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b03147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Fan
- Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemistry for Energy Material, Shanghai Key Laboratory of
Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Material, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Handan Road 220, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Junhao Zheng
- Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemistry for Energy Material, Shanghai Key Laboratory of
Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Material, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Handan Road 220, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhen Hua Li
- Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemistry for Energy Material, Shanghai Key Laboratory of
Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Material, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Handan Road 220, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Huadong Wang
- Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemistry for Energy Material, Shanghai Key Laboratory of
Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Material, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Handan Road 220, Shanghai, 200433, China
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23
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Declercq R, Bouhadir G, Bourissou D, Légaré MA, Courtemanche MA, Nahi KS, Bouchard N, Fontaine FG, Maron L. Hydroboration of Carbon Dioxide Using Ambiphilic Phosphine–Borane Catalysts: On the Role of the Formaldehyde Adduct. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Declercq
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliqué (LHFA), 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, LHFA, UMR 5069, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Ghenwa Bouhadir
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliqué (LHFA), 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, LHFA, UMR 5069, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliqué (LHFA), 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, LHFA, UMR 5069, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Marc-André Légaré
- Département
de Chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec (Québec), Canada, G1V 0A6
| | - Marc-André Courtemanche
- Département
de Chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec (Québec), Canada, G1V 0A6
| | - Karine Syrine Nahi
- Département
de Chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec (Québec), Canada, G1V 0A6
| | - Nicolas Bouchard
- Département
de Chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec (Québec), Canada, G1V 0A6
| | - Frédéric-Georges Fontaine
- Département
de Chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec (Québec), Canada, G1V 0A6
| | - Laurent Maron
- Université de Toulouse, INSA, UPS, LCPNO, CNRS, UMR 5215 CNRS-UPS-INSA, 135 avenue de Rangueil, 31400 Toulouse, France
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24
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Chauvier C, Tlili A, Das Neves Gomes C, Thuéry P, Cantat T. Metal-free dehydrogenation of formic acid to H 2 and CO 2 using boron-based catalysts. Chem Sci 2015; 6:2938-2942. [PMID: 29308170 PMCID: PMC5655896 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc00394f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The decomposition of formic acid to H2 and CO2 under metal-free conditions has been unveiled using dialkylborane derivatives as catalysts.
Formic acid is at the crossroads of novel sustainable energy strategies because it is an efficient H2 carrier. Yet, to date, its decomposition to H2 relies on metal-based catalysts. Herein, we describe the first metal-free catalysts able to promote the dehydrogenation of formic acid. Using dialkylborane derivatives, HCOOH is decomposed to H2 and CO2 in the presence of a base with high selectivity. Experimental and computational results point to the involvement of bis(formyloxy)borates as key intermediates in the C–H bond activation of a formate ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Chauvier
- CEA , IRAMIS , NIMBE , CNRS UMR 3685 , 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette , France .
| | - Anis Tlili
- CEA , IRAMIS , NIMBE , CNRS UMR 3685 , 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette , France .
| | | | - Pierre Thuéry
- CEA , IRAMIS , NIMBE , CNRS UMR 3685 , 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette , France .
| | - Thibault Cantat
- CEA , IRAMIS , NIMBE , CNRS UMR 3685 , 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette , France .
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25
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Zhang Z, Edkins RM, Nitsch J, Fucke K, Steffen A, Longobardi LE, Stephan DW, Lambert C, Marder TB. Optical and electronic properties of air-stable organoboron compounds with strongly electron-accepting bis(fluoromesityl)boryl groups. Chem Sci 2015; 6:308-321. [PMID: 28966759 PMCID: PMC5586071 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc02410a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Three compounds with phenyl (1), 4-tert-butylphenyl (2) and 4-N,N-diphenylaminophenyl (3) groups attached to bis(fluoromesityl)boryl ((FMes)2B) through B-C bonds have been prepared. The restricted rotation about the B-C bonds of boron-bonded aryl rings in solution has been studied by variable-temperature 19F NMR spectroscopy, and through-space F-F coupling has been observed for 3 at low temperature. Steric congestion inhibits binding of 1 by Lewis bases DABCO and tBu3P and the activation of H2 in their presence. Photophysical and electrochemical studies have been carried out on 2, 3, and an analogue of 3 containing a bis(mesityl)boryl ((Mes)2B) group, namely 4. Both 2 and 3 show bright emission in nonpolar solvents and in the solid-state, very strong electron-accepting ability as measured by cyclic voltammetry, and good air-stability. In addition, 2 displayed unusually long-lived emission (τ = 2.47 s) in 2-MeTHF at 77 K. The much stronger acceptor strength of (FMes)2B than (Mes)2B leads to significantly red-shifted emission in solution and the solid state, stronger emission solvatochromism, and significantly lower reduction potentials. Theoretical calculations confirm that 2 and 3 tend to form highly twisted excited states with good conjugation between one FMes group and the boron atom, which correlate well with their blue-shifted solid-state emissions and low kr values in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuolun Zhang
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Robert M Edkins
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Jörn Nitsch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Katharina Fucke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
- School of Medicine , Pharmacy and Health , Durham University , University Boulevard , Stockton-on-Tees , TS17 6BH , UK
| | - Andreas Steffen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Lauren E Longobardi
- Department of Chemistry , University of Toronto , 80 St. George St. , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3H6 , Canada
| | - Douglas W Stephan
- Department of Chemistry , University of Toronto , 80 St. George St. , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3H6 , Canada
| | - Christoph Lambert
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Todd B Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
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26
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Fujiwara K, Yasuda S, Mizuta T. Reduction of CO2 to Trimethoxyboroxine with BH3 in THF. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om5008488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Fujiwara
- Department
of Chemistry,
Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-3-1, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Shogo Yasuda
- Department
of Chemistry,
Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-3-1, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Mizuta
- Department
of Chemistry,
Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-3-1, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
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27
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Reducing CO₂ to methanol using frustrated Lewis pairs: on the mechanism of phosphine-borane-mediated hydroboration of CO₂. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:10708-17. [PMID: 24948159 DOI: 10.1021/ja5047846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The full mechanism of the hydroboration of CO2 by the highly active ambiphilic organocatalyst 1-Bcat-2-PPh2-C6H4 (Bcat = catecholboryl) was determined using computational and experimental methods. The intramolecular Lewis pair was shown to be involved in every step of the stepwise reduction. In contrast to traditional frustrated Lewis pair systems, the lack of steric hindrance around the Lewis basic fragment allows activation of the reducing agent while moderate Lewis acidity/basicity at the active centers promotes catalysis by releasing the reduction products. Simultaneous activation of both the reducing agent and carbon dioxide is the key to efficient catalysis in every reduction step.
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28
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Samigullin K, Bolte M, Lerner HW, Wagner M. Facile Synthesis of (3,5-(CF3)2C6H3)2BX (X = H, OMe, F, Cl, Br): Reagents for the Introduction of a Strong Boryl Acceptor Unit. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500476d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Samigullin
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, J. W. Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse
7, D-60438 Frankfurt
(Main), Germany
| | - Michael Bolte
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, J. W. Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse
7, D-60438 Frankfurt
(Main), Germany
| | - Hans-Wolfram Lerner
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, J. W. Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse
7, D-60438 Frankfurt
(Main), Germany
| | - Matthias Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, J. W. Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse
7, D-60438 Frankfurt
(Main), Germany
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29
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Erdmann M, Wiegand T, Blumenberg J, Eckert H, Ren J, Daniliuc CG, Kehr G, Erker G. Formation, structural characterization, and reactions of a unique cyclotrimeric vicinal Lewis pair containing (C6F5)2P-Lewis base and (C6F5)BH-Lewis acid components. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:15159-69. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt02081b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A unique vicinal Lewis pair cyclotrimer has been synthesized and characterized with respect to its structure and reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Erdmann
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- WWU Münster
- D 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Wiegand
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie and Graduate School of Chemistry
- WWU Münster
- D 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jonas Blumenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- WWU Münster
- D 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Hellmut Eckert
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie and Graduate School of Chemistry
- WWU Münster
- D 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jinjun Ren
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie and Graduate School of Chemistry
- WWU Münster
- D 48149 Münster, Germany
| | | | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- WWU Münster
- D 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- WWU Münster
- D 48149 Münster, Germany
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