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Titz B, Siebourg-Polster J, Bartolo F, Lavergne V, Jiang Z, Gayan J, Altay L, Enders P, Schmelzeisen C, Ippisch QT, Koss MJ, Ansari-Shahrezaei S, Garweg JG, Fauser S, Dieckmann A. Implications of Ocular Confounding Factors for Aqueous Humor Proteomic and Metabolomic Analyses in Retinal Diseases. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2024; 13:17. [PMID: 38913008 PMCID: PMC11205237 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.13.6.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess the impact of ocular confounding factors on aqueous humor (AH) proteomic and metabolomic analyses for retinal disease characterization. Methods This study recruited 138 subjects (eyes): 102 with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), 18 with diabetic macular edema (DME), and 18 with cataract (control group). AH samples underwent analysis using Olink Target 96 proteomics and Metabolon's metabolomics platform Data analysis included correlation, differential abundance, and gene-set analysis. Results In total, 756 proteins and 408 metabolites were quantified in AH. Total AH protein concentration was notably higher in nAMD (3.2-fold) and DME (4.1-fold) compared to controls. Pseudophakic eyes showed higher total AH protein concentrations than phakic eyes (e.g., 1.6-fold in nAMD) and a specific protein signature indicative of matrix remodeling. Unexpectedly, pupil-dilating drugs containing phenylephrine/tropicamide increased several AH proteins, notably interleukin-6 (5.4-fold in nAMD). Correcting for these factors revealed functionally relevant protein correlation clusters and disease-relevant, differentially abundant proteins across the groups. Metabolomics analysis, for which the relevance of confounder adjustment was less apparent, suggested insufficiently controlled diabetes and chronic hyperglycemia in the DME group. Conclusions AH protein concentration, pseudophakia, and pupil dilation with phenylephrine/tropicamide are important confounding factors for AH protein analyses. When these factors are considered, AH analyses can more clearly reveal disease-relevant factors. Translational Relevance Considering AH protein concentration, lens status, and phenylephrine/tropicamide administration as confounders is crucial for accurate interpretation of AH protein data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Titz
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Juliane Siebourg-Polster
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Francois Bartolo
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland
- EFOR-CVO et Soladis, Champagne-au-Mont-d'Or, France
| | - Vincent Lavergne
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland
- EFOR-CVO et Soladis, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Zhiwen Jiang
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Javier Gayan
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lebriz Altay
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Philip Enders
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Justus Gerhard Garweg
- Berner Augenklinik, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sascha Fauser
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Dieckmann
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland
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Amer R, Koriat A. Aqueous humor perturbations in chronic smokers: a proteomic study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11279. [PMID: 38760463 PMCID: PMC11101467 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62039-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The detrimental effects of smoking are multisystemic and its effects on the eye health are significant. Smoking is a strong risk factor for age-related nuclear cataract, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, delayed corneal epithelial healing and increased risk of cystoid macular edema in patients with intermediate uveitis among others. We aimed to characterize the aqueous humor (AH) proteome in chronic smokers to gain insight into its perturbations and to identify potential biomarkers for smoking-associated ocular pathologies. Compared to the control group, chronic smokers displayed 67 (37 upregulated, 30 downregulated) differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Analysis of DEPs from the biological point of view revealed that they were proteins involved in complement activation, lymphocyte mediated immunity, innate immune response, cellular oxidant detoxification, bicarbonate transport and platelet degranulation. From the molecular function point of view, DEPs were involved in oxygen binding, oxygen carrier activity, hemoglobin binding, peptidase/endopeptidase/cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitory activity. Several of the upregulated proteins were acute phase reactant proteins such as clusterin, alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein, fibrinogen, alpha-1-antitrypsin, C4b-binding protein and serum amyloid A-2. Further research should confirm if these proteins might serve as biomarkers or therapeutic target for smoking-associated ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radgonde Amer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Adi Koriat
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Winiarczyk M, Thiede B, Utheim TP, Kaarniranta K, Winiarczyk D, Michalak K, Mackiewicz J. Oxidative Stress, Persistent Inflammation and Blood Coagulation Alterations in Serum Proteome of Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:624. [PMID: 38792644 PMCID: PMC11122107 DOI: 10.3390/life14050624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of irreversible blindness in elderly populations in developed countries. AMD's etiopathology is multifactorial, with strong environmental and genetic components, but the exact molecular pathomechanisms underlying the disease are still unknown. In this study, we analyzed blood serum collected from 74 neovascular AMD patients and 58 healthy controls to identify proteins that may serve as potential biomarkers and expand our knowledge about the etiopathogenesis of the disease. The study revealed 17 differentially expressed proteins-11 up-regulated and 6 down-regulated-in neovascular AMD, which are involved in the biological processes previously linked with the disease-oxidative stress and persistent inflammation, impaired cellular transport, lipid metabolism and blood coagulation. In conclusion, the differences in the expressions of the proteins identified in this study may contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying AMD and possibly serve in future as promising biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Winiarczyk
- Department of Vitreoretinal Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, 20-079 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Bernd Thiede
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Tor Paaske Utheim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, 0372 Oslo, Norway;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, 0450 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, 70200 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-136 Lodz, Poland
| | - Dagmara Winiarczyk
- Department and Clinic of Animal Internal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, 20-612 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Michalak
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Life Sciences, 20-612 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Jerzy Mackiewicz
- Department of Vitreoretinal Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, 20-079 Lublin, Poland;
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Dritsoula A, Camilli C, Moss SE, Greenwood J. The disruptive role of LRG1 on the vasculature and perivascular microenvironment. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1386177. [PMID: 38745756 PMCID: PMC11091338 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1386177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The establishment of new blood vessels, and their subsequent stabilization, is a critical process that facilitates tissue growth and organ development. Once established, vessels need to diversify to meet the specific needs of the local tissue and to maintain homeostasis. These processes are tightly regulated and fundamental to normal vessel and tissue function. The mechanisms that orchestrate angiogenesis and vessel maturation have been widely studied, with signaling crosstalk between endothelium and perivascular cells being identified as an essential component. In disease, however, new vessels develop abnormally, and existing vessels lose their specialization and function, which invariably contributes to disease progression. Despite considerable research into the vasculopathic mechanisms in disease, our knowledge remains incomplete. Accordingly, the identification of angiocrine and angiopathic molecules secreted by cells within the vascular microenvironment, and their effect on vessel behaviour, remains a major research objective. Over the last decade the secreted glycoprotein leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1), has emerged as a significant vasculopathic molecule, stimulating defective angiogenesis, and destabilizing the existing vasculature mainly, but not uniquely, by altering both canonical and non-canonical TGF-β signaling in a highly cell and context dependent manner. Whilst LRG1 does not possess any overt homeostatic role in vessel development and maintenance, growing evidence provides a compelling case for LRG1 playing a pleiotropic role in disrupting the vasculature in many disease settings. Thus, LRG1 has now been reported to damage vessels in various disorders including cancer, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, ocular disease, and lung disease and the signaling processes that drive this dysfunction are being defined. Moreover, therapeutic targeting of LRG1 has been widely proposed to re-establish a quiescent endothelium and normalized vasculature. In this review, we consider the current status of our understanding of the role of LRG1 in vascular pathology, and its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina Dritsoula
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Lee TJ, Goyal A, Jones G, Glass J, Doshi V, Bollinger K, Ulrich L, Ahmed S, Kodeboyina SK, Estes A, Töteberg-Harms M, Zhi W, Sharma S, Sharma A. AHP DB: a reference database of proteins in the human aqueous humor. Database (Oxford) 2024; 2024:baae001. [PMID: 38284936 PMCID: PMC10878049 DOI: 10.1093/database/baae001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The aqueous humor (AH) is a low-viscosity biofluid that continuously circulates from the posterior chamber to the anterior chamber of the eye. Recent advances in high-resolution mass-spectrometry workflows have facilitated the study of proteomic content in small-volume biofluids like AH, highlighting the potential clinical implications of the AH proteome. Nevertheless, in-depth investigations into the role of AH proteins in ocular diseases have encountered challenges due to limited accessibility to these workflows, difficulties in large-scale AH sample collection and the absence of a reference AH proteomic database. In response to these obstacles, and to promote further research on the involvement of AH proteins in ocular physiology and pathology, we have developed the web-based Aqueous Humor Proteomics Database (AHP DB). The current version of AHP DB contains proteomic data from 307 human AH samples, which were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The database offers comprehensive information on 1683 proteins identified in the AH samples. Furthermore, relevant clinical data are provided for each analyzed sample. Researchers also have the option to download these datasets individually for offline use, rendering it a valuable resource for the scientific community. Database URL: https://ahp.augusta.edu/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Jin Lee
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Arnav Goyal
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Garrett Jones
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Joshua Glass
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Vishal Doshi
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Kathryn Bollinger
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Lane Ulrich
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Saleh Ahmed
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Sai Karthik Kodeboyina
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Mass General Brigham, 399 Revolution Drive, Somerville, MA 02145, USA
| | - Amy Estes
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Marc Töteberg-Harms
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Wenbo Zhi
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Shruti Sharma
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Ashok Sharma
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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Guo H, Li J, Lu P. Systematic review and meta-analysis of mass spectrometry proteomics applied to ocular fluids to assess potential biomarkers of age-related macular degeneration. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:507. [PMID: 38087257 PMCID: PMC10717315 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-03237-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a significant cause of severe vision loss. The main purpose of this study was to identify mass spectrometry proteomics-based potential biomarkers of AMD that contribute to understanding the mechanisms of disease and aiding in early diagnosis. METHODS This study retrieved studies that aim to detect differences relate to proteomics in AMD patients and healthy control groups by mass spectrometry (MS) proteomics approaches. The search process was accord with PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO database: CRD42023388093). Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Pathway Analysis (KEGG) were performed on differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the included articles using the DAVID database. DEPs were included in a meta-analysis when their effect size could be computed in at least two research studies. The effect size of measured proteins was transformed to the log2-fold change. Protein‒protein interaction (PPI) analysis was conducted on proteins that were statistically significant in the meta-analysis using the String online database. RESULTS Eleven studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria, and 161 DEPs were identified. The GO analysis showed that AMD is significantly related to proteolysis, extracellular exosome and protein binding. In KEGG, the most significant pathway was the complement and coagulation cascades. Meta-analysis results suggested that eight proteins were statistically significant, and according to PPI results, the most significant four proteins were serotransferrin (TF), apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1), complement C3 (C3) and lipocalin-1 (LCN1). CONCLUSIONS Four possible biomarkers, TF, APOA1, C3 and LCN1, were found to be significant in the pathogenesis of AMD and need to be further validated. Further studies should be performed to evaluate diagnostic and therapeutic value of these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanmu Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianqing Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Peirong Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Liu Q, Sun S, Yang Z, Shao Y, Li X. Serum Amyloid A 4 as a Common Marker of Persistent Inflammation in Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:3783-3797. [PMID: 37663754 PMCID: PMC10474861 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s417791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and its subtype, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), are common choroidal vasculopathies. Although they share many common clinical manifestations and treatment strategies, a lack of comprehensive analysis of these conditions means that it is difficult for researchers to further explore the common pathomechanisms of nAMD and PCV. The aim of this study was to characterize aqueous humor (AH) proteome alterations and identify a novel biomarker related to both nAMD and PCV. Methods Liquid Chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was adopted to analyze the AH proteomes of nAMD, PCV and controls. The target protein was validated using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and subjected to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results A total of 737 different proteins were identified in all the groups, of which 544 were quantifiable. The bioinformatics analysis suggested that immune response activation is the essential event in both nAMD and PCV. Serum amyloid A (SAA) 4 is closely associated with a number of chronic inflammatory diseases, and it was enriched as the hub protein. ROC analysis showed that SAA4 could distinguish both nAMD and PCV from the controls. Conclusion This comprehensive study provides insights into, and furthers our understanding of, the pathological mechanism of nAMD and PCV. Additionally, the SAA4 level alteration may serve as a common biomarker of nAMD and PCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyan Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300384, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Anhui NO.2 Provincial People’s hospital, Hefei, 230041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuo Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300384, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengwei Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300384, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Shao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300384, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaorong Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300384, People’s Republic of China
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Raveendran R, Prabakaran L, Senthil R, Yesudhason BV, Dharmalingam S, Sathyaraj WV, Atchudan R. Current Innovations in Intraocular Pressure Monitoring Biosensors for Diagnosis and Treatment of Glaucoma-Novel Strategies and Future Perspectives. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:663. [PMID: 37367028 DOI: 10.3390/bios13060663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors are devices that quantify biologically significant information required for diverse applications, such as disease diagnosis, food safety, drug discovery and detection of environmental pollutants. Recent advancements in microfluidics, nanotechnology and electronics have led to the development of novel implantable and wearable biosensors for the expedient monitoring of diseases such as diabetes, glaucoma and cancer. Glaucoma is an ocular disease which ranks as the second leading cause for loss of vision. It is characterized by the increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) in human eyes, which results in irreversible blindness. Currently, the reduction of IOP is the only treatment used to manage glaucoma. However, the success rate of medicines used to treat glaucoma is quite minimal due to their curbed bioavailability and reduced therapeutic efficacy. The drugs must pass through various barriers to reach the intraocular space, which in turn serves as a major challenge in glaucoma treatment. Rapid progress has been observed in nano-drug delivery systems for the early diagnosis and prompt therapy of ocular diseases. This review gives a deep insight into the current advancements in the field of nanotechnology for detecting and treating glaucoma, as well as for the continuous monitoring of IOP. Various nanotechnology-based achievements, such as nanoparticle/nanofiber-based contact lenses and biosensors that can efficiently monitor IOP for the efficient detection of glaucoma, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubiya Raveendran
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam 603103, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lokesh Prabakaran
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam 603103, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rethinam Senthil
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Beryl Vedha Yesudhason
- Regeneration and Stem Cell Biology Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sankari Dharmalingam
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Weslen Vedakumari Sathyaraj
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam 603103, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raji Atchudan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
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The First Evidence on the Occurrence of Bisphenol Analogues in the Aqueous Humor of Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11216402. [PMID: 36362630 PMCID: PMC9655480 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human exposure to BPs is inevitable mostly due to contaminated food. In this preliminary study, for the first time, the presence of bisphenols (BPs) in aqueous humor (AH) collected from 44 patients undergoing cataract surgery was investigated. The measurements were performed using a sensitive ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC−MS/MS). Chromatographic separation was achieved using a reverse-phase column and a gradient elution mode. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was used. The method was validated for bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol F (BPF). The limits of quantification (LOQs) of both investigated analytes were 0.25 ng mL−1. The method was linear in the range of 0.25−20.0 ng mL−1 with correlation coefficients (R2) higher than 0.98. Recovery of analytes was in the range of 99.9 to 104.3% and intra-assay and inter-assay precision expressed by relative standard deviations (RSD%) were less than 5%. BPA was detected in 12 AH samples with mean concentrations of 1.41 ng mL−1. BPF was not detected at all. Furthermore, two structural isomers termed BPA-1, and BPA-2 were identified, for the first time, in 40.9% of the AH samples, with almost twice higher mean concentrations of 2.15 ng mL−1, and 2.25 ng mL−1, respectively. The total content of BPs were higher in patients with coexisting ocular pathologies such as glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and diabetes in comparison to cataracts alone. However, the difference between these groups did not reach statistical significance (p > 0.05). Performed investigations indicate the need for further research on a larger population with the aim of knowing the consequences of BPs’ accumulation in AH for visual function.
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Proteome alterations in the aqueous humor reflect structural and functional phenotypes in patients with advanced normal-tension glaucoma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1221. [PMID: 35075201 PMCID: PMC8786875 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05273-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous reports have shown possible association between altered protein levels in aqueous humor (AH) and normal-tension glaucoma (NTG), but the underlying pathogenetic mechanism as well as specific molecular biomarkers for NTG remains still elusive. Here, we aimed to identify novel biomarkers for advanced NTG by analyzing the proteome of patient-derived AH and their correlation with various functional and structural parameters from the visual field test (VF), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and OCT angiography (OCTA). We determined differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) of the AH of patients with advanced NTG (n = 20) using label-free quantitative (LFQ) proteomics with pooled samples and data-independent acquisition (DIA) analysis with individual samples, and the roles of AH DEPs in biological pathways were evaluated using bioinformatics. We identified 603 proteins in the AH of patients with advanced NTG, and 61 of them were selected as DEPs via global proteome LFQ profiling. Individual DIA analyses identified a total of 12 DEPs as biomarker candidates, seven of which were upregulated, and five were downregulated. Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed that those DEPs were mainly involved in the immune response. Moreover, IGFBP2, ENO1, C7, B2M, AMBP, DSP, and DCD showed a significant correlation with the mean deviation of VF and with peripapillary and macular parameters from OCT and OCTA. The present study provides possible molecular biomarkers for the diagnosis of advanced NTG.
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Shin JY, Lee J, Park J, Kim M, Chung H, Byeon SH. Association of Keratin 8 Level in Aqueous Humor With Outcomes of Intravitreal Ranibizumab Treatment for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2022; 11:26. [PMID: 35040914 PMCID: PMC8764207 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.11.1.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate keratin 8 (KRT8) level in the aqueous humor (AH) of patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and elucidate its association with intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) treatment outcomes. Methods This prospective study involved 58 eyes of treatment-naïve nAMD patients treated with three IVR doses monthly and whose AH samples were collected at baseline and two months after the initial treatment. KRT8 level was determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and compared with that of the control group, which comprised patients who underwent cataract surgery during the same period. The nAMD-affected eyes were classified into responder (dry) and poor responder (persistent fluid) groups, according to optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings at month three. Additionally, associations between the KRT8 level and IVR treatment outcomes were analyzed. Results The baseline KRT8 level was significantly higher in the AMD group than in the control group. In the AMD group, responders demonstrated significant differences between the KRT8 level at the baseline and month two, whereas poor responders exhibited no significant change. Regression analysis revealed that a higher KRT8 level at month two was significantly associated with persistent fluid upon OCT at months three and six. Conclusions Monitoring aqueous KRT8 level may facilitate early determination of the therapeutic effects of IVR in nAMD patients and reflect the conditions of retinal pigment epithelium during the disease course. Translational Relevance Monitoring aqueous KRT8 may aid early determination of therapeutic effects of IVR in neovascular AMD patients and reflect the health conditions of retinal pigment epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Youn Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghyun Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinkyu Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyewon Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk Ho Byeon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Immunosenescence in Choroidal Neovascularization (CNV)-Transcriptional Profiling of Naïve and CNV-Associated Retinal Myeloid Cells during Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413318. [PMID: 34948115 PMCID: PMC8707893 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunosenescence is considered a possible factor in the development of age-related macular degeneration and choroidal neovascularization (CNV). However, age-related changes of myeloid cells (MCs), such as microglia and macrophages, in the healthy retina or during CNV formation are ill-defined. In this study, Cx3cr1-positive MCs were isolated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting from six-week (young) and two-year-old (old) Cx3cr1GFP/+ mice, both during physiological aging and laser-induced CNV development. High-throughput RNA-sequencing was performed to define the age-dependent transcriptional differences in MCs during physiological aging and CNV development, complemented by immunohistochemical characterization and the quantification of MCs, as well as CNV size measurements. These analyses revealed that myeloid cells change their transcriptional profile during both aging and CNV development. In the steady state, senescent MCs demonstrated an upregulation of factors contributing to cell proliferation and chemotaxis, such as Cxcl13 and Cxcl14, as well as the downregulation of microglial signature genes. During CNV formation, aged myeloid cells revealed a significant upregulation of angiogenic factors such as Arg1 and Lrg1 concomitant with significantly enlarged CNV and an increased accumulation of MCs in aged mice in comparison to young mice. Future studies need to clarify whether this observation is an epiphenomenon or a causal relationship to determine the role of immunosenescence in CNV formation.
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Chang WC, Lee CH, Chiou SH, Liao CC, Cheng CW. Proteomic Analysis of Aqueous Humor Proteins in Association with Cataract Risks: Diabetes and Smoking. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10245731. [PMID: 34945026 PMCID: PMC8703435 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10245731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cataracts are one of the most common eye diseases that can cause blindness. Discovering susceptibility factors in the proteome that contribute to cataract development would be helpful in gaining new insights in the molecular mechanisms of the cataract process. We used label-free nanoflow ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry to compare aqueous humor protein expressions in cataract patients with different cataract risk factors such as diabetes mellitus (DM) and smoking and in controls (with cataract) without risk exposure. Eight patients with diabetes and who smoked (with double risk factors), five patients with diabetes and five patients who smoked (both with a single risk factor), and nine aged-matched cataract controls patients (non-risk exposure) were enrolled. In total, 136 aqueous humor proteins were identified, of which only alpha-2-Heremans–Schmid (HS)-glycoprotein was considered to be significantly risk-associated because it was differentially expressed in these three groups and exhibited increased expression with increasing risk factors. Significant changes in the aqueous humor level of alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein between DM and control samples and between smoking and control samples were confirmed using ELISA. The alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein, called fetuin-a, could be a potential aqueous biomarker associated with DM and smoking, which were cataract risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Cheng Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan 33004, Taiwan
| | - Cho-Hao Lee
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114202, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Hwa Chiou
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Genomic Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chung Liao
- Metabolomics-Proteomics Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan;
| | - Chao-Wen Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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14
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Rinsky B, Beykin G, Grunin M, Amer R, Khateb S, Tiosano L, Almeida D, Hagbi-Levi S, Elbaz-Hayoun S, Chowers I. Analysis of the Aqueous Humor Proteome in Patients With Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:18. [PMID: 34406330 PMCID: PMC8374990 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.10.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is associated with altered gene and protein expression in the retina. We characterize the aqueous humor (AH) proteome in AMD to gain insight into the pathogenesis of the disease and identify potential biomarkers. Methods AH was collected from age and gender matched neovascular AMD (nvAMD; n = 10) patients and controls (n = 10). AH was pooled to create two samples (nvAMD and control), followed by intensity-based label-free quantification (MS1). Functional and bioinformatic analysis were then performed. A validation set (20 controls, 15 atrophic AMD and 15 nvAMD) was tested via multiplex ELISA for nine differentially expressed proteins according to the MS1 findings. Results MS1 identified 674 proteins in the AH. 239 proteins were upregulated in nvAMD (nvAMD/control > 2, peptide tags (PT) > 2), and 86 proteins were downregulated (nvAMD/control < 0.5, PT > 2). Functional analysis of proteins upregulated in AMD demonstrated enrichment for platelet degranulation (enrichment score (ES):28.1), negative regulation of endopeptidase activity (ES:18.8), cellular protein metabolic process (ES:11.8), epidermal growth factor-like domain (ES:10.3), sushi/SCR/CCP (ES:10.1), and complement/coagulation cascades (ES:9.2). AMD protein clusters were upregulated for 3/6 (χ2 < 0.05 compared to randomization). Validation via ELISA confirmed MS1 in 2/9 proteins (Clusterin and Serpin A4, P < 0.05), while 3/9 showed differential expression between aAMD and nvAMD (Clusterin, Serpin A4, and TF P < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic curve calculation identified the area under the curve of 0.82 for clusterin as a biomarker for distinction of AMD. Conclusions AH proteomics in AMD patients identified several proteins and functional clusters with altered expression. Further research should confirm if these proteins may serve as biomarkers or therapeutic target for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batya Rinsky
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gala Beykin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michelle Grunin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Radgonde Amer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Samer Khateb
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Liran Tiosano
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Diego Almeida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shira Hagbi-Levi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sarah Elbaz-Hayoun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Itay Chowers
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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15
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Minaker SA, Mason RH, Lahaie Luna G, Bapat P, Muni RH. Changes in aqueous and vitreous inflammatory cytokine levels in neovascular age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Ophthalmol 2021; 99:134-155. [PMID: 32602185 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory cytokines are involved in the pathogenesis of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and have been shown to be useful as diagnostic and predictive biomarkers. Given the heterogeneity of data within the literature, we aimed to quantitatively summarize data related to inflammatory cytokines in nAMD. A systematic search without year limitation was performed up to 13 April 2020. Studies were included if they provided data on aqueous or vitreous cytokine concentrations in patients with nAMD. Data were extracted from 95 studies that encompassed 3105 study eyes with nAMD and 1209 control eyes. Effect sizes were generated as standardized mean differences (SMDs) of cytokine concentrations between patients with nAMD and controls. Among the 4314 eyes in 95 studies, aqueous concentrations (standard mean difference, 95% confidence interval and p-value) of MCP-1 (0.43, 0.09 to 0.77 and p = 0.01), MIG (0.63, 0.31 to 0.94 and p = 0.0001), TGF-β (0.45, 0.07 to 0.82 and p = 0.02) and VEGF (0.64, 0.31 to 0.98 and p = 0.0001) were significantly higher in patients with nAMD compared to healthy controls. No differences, failed sensitivity analyses or insufficient data were found between patients with nAMD and healthy controls for the concentrations of the remaining cytokines and with all vitreous samples. Previous studies had shown conflicting associations with nAMD for all 27 cytokines assessed. Our analysis indicates multiple candidate cytokines other than VEGF that are implicated in nAMD and adds clarity to the previous literature. This will help focus translational research in nAMD investigating biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel A. Minaker
- Department of Ophthalmology St. Michael’s Hospital/Unity Health Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Sciences University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Kensington Vision and Research Centre Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Ryan H. Mason
- Department of Ophthalmology St. Michael’s Hospital/Unity Health Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Sciences University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Kensington Vision and Research Centre Toronto Ontario Canada
| | | | - Priya Bapat
- Department of Ophthalmology St. Michael’s Hospital/Unity Health Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Sciences University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Kensington Vision and Research Centre Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Rajeev H. Muni
- Department of Ophthalmology St. Michael’s Hospital/Unity Health Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Sciences University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Kensington Vision and Research Centre Toronto Ontario Canada
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16
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Kodeboyina SK, Lee TJ, Churchwell L, Ulrich L, Bollinger K, Bogorad D, Estes A, Zhi W, Sharma S, Sharma A. The Constitutive Proteome of Human Aqueous Humor and Race Specific Alterations. Proteomes 2020; 8:proteomes8040034. [PMID: 33217969 PMCID: PMC7709111 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes8040034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aqueous humor (AH) is the fluid in the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye that contains proteins regulating ocular homeostasis. Analysis of aqueous humor proteome is challenging, mainly due to low sample volume and protein concentration. In this study, by utilizing state of the art technology, we performed Liquid-Chromatography Mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis of 88 aqueous humor samples from subjects undergoing cataract surgery. A total of 2263 unique proteins were identified, which were sub-divided into four categories that were based on their detection in the number of samples: High (n = 152), Medium (n = 91), Low (n = 128), and Rare (n = 1892). A total of 243 proteins detected in at least 50% of the samples were considered as the constitutive proteome of human aqueous humor. The biological processes and pathways enriched in the AH proteins mainly include vesicle mediated transport, acute phase response signaling, LXR/RXR activation, complement system, and secretion. The enriched molecular functions are endopeptidase activity, and various binding functions, such as protein binding, lipid binding, and ion binding. Additionally, this study provides a novel insight into race specific differences in the AH proteome. A total of six proteins were upregulated, and five proteins were downregulated in African American subjects as compared to Caucasians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Karthik Kodeboyina
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (S.K.K.); (T.J.L.); (L.C.); (W.Z.); (S.S.)
| | - Tae Jin Lee
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (S.K.K.); (T.J.L.); (L.C.); (W.Z.); (S.S.)
| | - Lara Churchwell
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (S.K.K.); (T.J.L.); (L.C.); (W.Z.); (S.S.)
| | - Lane Ulrich
- Department of Ophthalmology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (L.U.); (K.B.); (D.B.); (A.E.)
| | - Kathryn Bollinger
- Department of Ophthalmology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (L.U.); (K.B.); (D.B.); (A.E.)
| | - David Bogorad
- Department of Ophthalmology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (L.U.); (K.B.); (D.B.); (A.E.)
| | - Amy Estes
- Department of Ophthalmology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (L.U.); (K.B.); (D.B.); (A.E.)
| | - Wenbo Zhi
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (S.K.K.); (T.J.L.); (L.C.); (W.Z.); (S.S.)
| | - Shruti Sharma
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (S.K.K.); (T.J.L.); (L.C.); (W.Z.); (S.S.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (L.U.); (K.B.); (D.B.); (A.E.)
| | - Ashok Sharma
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (S.K.K.); (T.J.L.); (L.C.); (W.Z.); (S.S.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; (L.U.); (K.B.); (D.B.); (A.E.)
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Correspondence:
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17
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Han G, Wei P, He M, Teng H. Glucose Metabolic Characterization of Human Aqueous Humor in Relation to Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:49. [PMID: 32232346 PMCID: PMC7401462 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.3.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Energy compromise underpins wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD) pathogenesis, but the relationship between glucose metabolism and the disease remains unclear. Here, we characterized aqueous humor (AH) to elucidate glucose-related metabolic signatures in patients with wAMD. Methods In total, 25 eyes of 25 patients with wAMD were divided into phakic (15 eyes), pseudophakic (10 eyes), and intravitreal injections of ranibizumab (13 eyes) wAMD groups. Twenty patients with cataract (21 eyes) served as controls. Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was used to quantitatively characterize AH. Results Twenty-one metabolites related to glucose metabolism were identified in AH from 45 patients. Tricarboxylic acid (TCA)-related metabolic substrates, including citrate, were detected in AH and were significantly increased in AMD (P < 0.01) and AMD pseudophakic groups (P < 0.05). In contrast, α-ketoglutarate levels were decreased in the AMD group (P < 0.05). The α-ketoglutarate/citrate ratio was significantly decreased, corresponding to 71.71% and 93.6% decreases in the AMD (phakic and pseudophakic) groups as compared with controls (P < 0.001), revealing a significant positive correlation with glutamine. A lower mean glutamine and higher glutamate level were detected in AMD cases compared with controls. No significant differences were observed for lactic acid or other Krebs cycle metabolites. Intravitreal injection significantly alleviated mean central foveal thickness but did not significantly alter metabolites. Conclusions Compromised glucose TCA cycle and altered glutamine metabolism are implicated in the AH metabolism in wAMD. These findings highlight potential treatments for alleviating wAMD from a metabolic perspective.
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18
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Young JB, Keppel TR, Waas M, Salmon AE, Buchberger AR, Skumatz CM, Gundry RL, Kassem IS. Quantitative proteomic analysis of aqueous humor after rabbit lensectomy reveals differences in coagulation and immunomodulatory proteins. Mol Omics 2020; 16:126-137. [DOI: 10.1039/c9mo00169g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Proteomics of juvenile rabbit aqueous humor was evaluated before and after surgery to determine proteins responsible for postoperative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathon B. Young
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology, & Anatomy
- Medical College of Wisconsin
- The Eye Institute
- Milwaukee
- USA
| | - Theodore R. Keppel
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Research
- Medical College of Wisconsin
- Milwaukee
- USA
| | - Matthew Waas
- Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin
- Milwaukee
- USA
| | - Alexander E. Salmon
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology, & Anatomy
- Medical College of Wisconsin
- The Eye Institute
- Milwaukee
- USA
| | - Amanda Rae Buchberger
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Research
- Medical College of Wisconsin
- Milwaukee
- USA
| | | | - Rebekah L. Gundry
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Research
- Medical College of Wisconsin
- Milwaukee
- USA
- Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin
| | - Iris S. Kassem
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology, & Anatomy
- Medical College of Wisconsin
- The Eye Institute
- Milwaukee
- USA
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19
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Qu SC, Xu D, Li TT, Zhang JF, Liu F. iTRAQ-based proteomics analysis of aqueous humor in patients with dry age-related macular degeneration. Int J Ophthalmol 2019; 12:1758-1766. [PMID: 31741866 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2019.11.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To preliminarily test proteomics in aqueous humor in patients with dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) by using the proteomic technology. METHODS Aqueous humor samples were collected from patients with or without dry AMD, who underwent cataract surgery. The aqueous samples were analyzed with isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) combined with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) technology. The differential expressed proteins were analyzed with gene ontology (GO) enrichment, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. The data were partly validated by ELISA and Western blot. False discovery rate (FDR) was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS A total of 244 proteins were detected, in which 38 proteins were up-regulated and 51 were down-regulated significantly in patients with dry AMD compared with that in control groups (FDR value <1.0%). Several proteins, e.g., protein S100-A8 (S10A8), dystroglycan (DAG1), Ig alpha-1 chain C region (IGHA1), carbonic anhydrase 3 (CAH3) and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (A1AG1) were increased more than 5 times of that in control group. The bioinformatics analysis showed that dry AMD is closely associated with inflammation or immune reaction, oxidative stress, blood coagulation and remodeling of extracellular matrix. CONCLUSION iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis of aqueous humor demonstrate the differential expressions of proteins between dry AMD and control groups, providing the clues to understand the mechanisms and possible treatments of dry AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Chang Qu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Ding Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Ting-Ting Li
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jing-Fa Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
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20
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Proteomic Biomarkers of Retinal Inflammation in Diabetic Retinopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194755. [PMID: 31557880 PMCID: PMC6801709 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a sight-threatening neurovasculopathy, is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in the developed world. DR arises as the result of prolonged hyperglycemia and is characterized by leaky retinal vasculature, retinal ischemia, retinal inflammation, angiogenesis, and neovascularization. The number of DR patients is growing with an increase in the elderly population, and therapeutic approaches are limited, therefore, new therapies to prevent retinal injury and enhance repair are a critical unmet need. Besides vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced vascular proliferation, several other mechanisms are important in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy, including vascular inflammation. Thus, combining anti-VEGF therapy with other new therapies targeting these pathophysiological pathways of DR may further optimize treatment outcomes. Technological advancements have allowed for high-throughput proteomic studies examining biofluids such as aqueous humor, vitreous humor, tear, and serum. Many DR biomarkers have been identified, especially proteins involved in retinal inflammatory processes. This review attempts to summarize the proteomic biomarkers of DR-associated retinal inflammation identified over the last several years.
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21
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Ragg S, Key M, Rankin F, WuDunn D. The Effect of Molecular Weight on Passage of Proteins Through the Blood-Aqueous Barrier. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 60:1461-1469. [PMID: 30951588 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.19-26542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the effect of molecular weight (MW) on the concentration of plasma-derived proteins in aqueous humor and to estimate the plasma-derived and eye-derived fractions for each protein. Methods Aqueous humor and plasma samples were obtained during cataract surgery on an institutional review board-approved protocol. Protein concentrations were determined by ELISA and quantitative antibody microarrays. A total of 93 proteins were studied, with most proteins analyzed using 27 to 116 aqueous and 6 to 30 plasma samples. Results Plasma proteins without evidence of intraocular expression by sequence tags were used to fit a logarithmic model relating aqueous-plasma ratio (AH:PL) to MW. The log(AH:PL) appears to be well predicted by the log(MW) (P < 0.0001), with smaller proteins such as cystatin C (13 kDa) having a higher AH:PL (1:6) than larger proteins such as albumin (66 kDa, 1:300) and complement component 5 (188 kDa, 1:2500). The logarithmic model was used to calculate the eye-derived intraocular fraction (IOF) for each protein. Based on the IOF, 66 proteins could be categorized as plasma-derived (IOF<20), whereas 10 proteins were primarily derived from eye tissue (IOF >80), and 17 proteins had contribution from both plasma and eye tissue (IOF 20-80). Conclusions Protein concentration of plasma-derived proteins in aqueous is nonlinearly dependent on MW in favor of smaller proteins. Our study demonstrates that for proper interpretation of results, proteomic studies evaluating changes in aqueous humor protein levels should take into account the plasma and eye-derived fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Ragg
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine-Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida, United States.,Center for Computational Diagnostics, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Melissa Key
- Department of Biostatistics, Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Fernanda Rankin
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Darrell WuDunn
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida College of Medicine-Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
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22
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Ahmad MT, Zhang P, Dufresne C, Ferrucci L, Semba RD. The Human Eye Proteome Project: Updates on an Emerging Proteome. Proteomics 2019; 18:e1700394. [PMID: 29356342 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201700394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The human eye is a complex organ consisting of multiple compartments with unique and specialized properties that reflect their varied functions. Although there have been advancements in ocular imaging and therapeutics over the past decade, the pathogenesis of many common eye diseases remains poorly understood. Proteomics is an invaluable tool to gain insight into pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of eye diseases. By 2013, when the Human Eye Proteome Project (also known as the EyeOme) was founded, there were 4842 nonredundant proteins identified in the human eye. Twenty-three recent papers on the human eye proteome were identified in PubMed searches. These papers were used to compile an updated resource of 9782 nonredundant proteins in the human eye. This updated catalogue sheds light on the molecular makeup of previously undescribed proteomes within the human eye, including optic nerve, sclera, iris, and ciliary body, while adding additional proteins to previously characterized proteomes such as aqueous humor, lens, vitreous, retina, and retinal pigment epithelium/choroid. Although considerable advances have been made to characterize the complete proteome of the human eye, additional high-quality data are needed to confirm and quantify previously discovered eye proteins in both health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meleha T Ahmad
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Pingbo Zhang
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Luigi Ferrucci
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Richard D Semba
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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23
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Sharma S, Bollinger KE, Kodeboyina SK, Zhi W, Patton J, Bai S, Edwards B, Ulrich L, Bogorad D, Sharma A. Proteomic Alterations in Aqueous Humor From Patients With Primary Open Angle Glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 59:2635-2643. [PMID: 29847670 PMCID: PMC6733532 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.17-23434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most prevalent form of glaucoma, accounting for approximately 90% of all cases. The aqueous humor (AH), a biological fluid in the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye, is involved in a multitude of functions including the maintenance of IOP and ocular homeostasis. This fluid is very close to the pathologic site and is also known to have a significant role in glaucoma pathogenesis. The purpose of this study was to identify proteomic alterations in AH from patients with POAG. Methods AH samples were extracted from 47 patients undergoing cataract surgery (controls: n = 32; POAG: n = 15). Proteomic analysis of the digested samples was accomplished by liquid-chromatography-mass spectrometry. The identified proteins were evaluated using a variety of statistical and bioinformatics methods. Results A total of 33 proteins were significantly altered in POAG subjects compared with the controls. The most abundant proteins in POAG subjects are IGKC (13.56-fold), ITIH4 (4.1-fold), APOC3 (3.36-fold), IDH3A (3.11-fold), LOC105369216 (2.98-fold). SERPINF2 (2.94-fold), NPC2 (2.88-fold), SUCLG2 (2.70-fold), KIAA0100 (2.29-fold), CNOT4 (2.23-fold), AQP4 (2.11-fold), COL18A1 (2.08-fold), NWD1 (2.07-fold), and TMEM120B (2.06-fold). A significant increasing trend in the odds ratios of having POAG was observed with increased levels of these proteins. Conclusion Proteins identified in this study are implicated in signaling, glycosylation, immune response, molecular transport, and lipid metabolism. The identified candidate proteins may be potential biomarkers associated with POAG development and may lead to more insight in understanding the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Sharma
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States.,James & Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Kathryn E Bollinger
- Department of Ophthalmology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States.,James & Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Sai Karthik Kodeboyina
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Wenbo Zhi
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Jordan Patton
- Department of Ophthalmology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Shan Bai
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Blake Edwards
- Department of Ophthalmology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Lane Ulrich
- Department of Ophthalmology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - David Bogorad
- Department of Ophthalmology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Ashok Sharma
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States.,Department of Population Health Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
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24
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Velez G, Tang PH, Cabral T, Cho GY, Machlab DA, Tsang SH, Bassuk AG, Mahajan VB. Personalized Proteomics for Precision Health: Identifying Biomarkers of Vitreoretinal Disease. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2018; 7:12. [PMID: 30271679 PMCID: PMC6159735 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.7.5.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteomic analysis is an attractive and powerful tool for characterizing the molecular profiles of diseased tissues, such as the vitreous. The complexity of data available for analysis ranges from single (e.g., enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA]) to thousands (e.g., mass spectrometry) of proteins, and unlike genomic analysis, which is limited to denoting risk, proteomic methods take snapshots of a diseased vitreous to evaluate ongoing molecular processes in real time. The proteome of diseased ocular tissues was recently characterized, uncovering numerous biomarkers for vitreoretinal diseases and identifying protein targets for approved drugs, allowing for drug repositioning. These biomarkers merit more attention regarding their therapeutic potential and prospective validation, as well as their value as reproducible, sensitive, and specific diagnostic markers. TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE Personalized proteomics offers many advantages over alternative precision-health platforms for the diagnosis and treatment of vitreoretinal diseases, including identification of molecular constituents in the diseased tissue that can be targeted by available drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Velez
- Omics Laboratory, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Peter H. Tang
- Omics Laboratory, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Thiago Cabral
- Department of Specialized Medicine, CCS, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, Brazil
- Vision Center Unit, Ophthalmology, EBSERH, HUCAM-UFES, Vitória, Brazil
- Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Galaxy Y. Cho
- Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine, Quinnipiac University, North Haven, CT, USA
- Barbara and Donald Jonas Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and Bernard & Shirlee Brown Glaucoma Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel A. Machlab
- Omics Laboratory, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Stephen H. Tsang
- Barbara and Donald Jonas Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and Bernard & Shirlee Brown Glaucoma Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Vinit B. Mahajan
- Omics Laboratory, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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25
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Abstract
iTRAQ 4plex method enables multiplexing of up to four samples for simultaneous quantitation to improve sensitivity and scope of proteomic analysis. Here, we describe iTRAQ 4plex labeling of human aqueous humor specimens followed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) and data analysis for peptide identification and quantitation using Proteome Discoverer software. The protocol can be applied for other animals as well; however, pooling of specimens may be required to obtain sufficient amount of protein for labeling.
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26
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Li J, Lu Q, Lu P. Quantitative proteomics analysis of vitreous body from type 2 diabetic patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. BMC Ophthalmol 2018; 18:151. [PMID: 29940965 PMCID: PMC6020172 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-018-0821-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To compare the abundance of vitreous proteins between the patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and idiopathic macular hole (IMH). Methods In this study, we performed mass spectrometry-based label-free quantitative proteomics analysis of vitreous samples from type 2 diabetic patients with PDR (n = 9) and IMH subjects (n = 9) and identified the abundance of 610 proteins. Results Out of 610 proteins, 64 proteins (Group A) were unique to PDR patients, while 212 proteins (Group B) could be identified in IMH vitreous only. Among the other 334 proteins that could be detected in both PDR and IMH eyes, 62 proteins differed significantly (p < 0.05, fold change > 2), which included 52 proteins (Group C) and 10 proteins (Group D) over- and under-expressed in PDR vitreous compared with the control. All proteins in these four groups were counted as significant proteins in our study. Conclusions We identified and quantified 610 proteins in total, which included 338 significant proteins in our study. Protein distribution analysis demonstrated a clear separation of protein expression in PDR and IMH. The protein function analysis illustrated that immunity and transport related proteins might be associated with PDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqing Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 188 Shizi street, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Qianyi Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 188 Shizi street, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Peirong Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 188 Shizi street, Suzhou, 215006, China.
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27
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Winiarczyk M, Kaarniranta K, Winiarczyk S, Adaszek Ł, Winiarczyk D, Mackiewicz J. Tear film proteome in age-related macular degeneration. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2018; 256:1127-1139. [PMID: 29696386 PMCID: PMC5956098 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-018-3984-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the main reason for blindness in elderly people in the developed countries. Current screening protocols have limitations in detecting the early signs of retinal degeneration. Therefore, it would be desirable to find novel biomarkers for early detection of AMD. Development of novel biomarkers would help in the prevention, diagnostics, and treatment of AMD. Proteomic analysis of tear film has shown promise in this research area. If an optimal set of biomarkers could be obtained from accessible body fluids, it would represent a reliable way to monitor disease progression and response to novel therapies. Methods Tear films were collected on Schirmer strips from a total of 22 patients (8 with wet AMD, 6 with dry AMD, and 8 control individuals). 2D electrophoresis was used to separate tear film proteins prior to their identification with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight spectrometer (MALDI-TOF/TOF) and matching with functional databases. Results A total of 342 proteins were identified. Most of them were previously described in various proteomic studies concerning AMD. Shootin-1, histatin-3, fidgetin-like protein 1, SRC kinase signaling inhibitor, Graves disease carrier protein, actin cytoplasmic 1, prolactin-inducible protein 1, and protein S100-A7A were upregulated in the tear film samples isolated from AMD patients and were not previously linked with this disease in any proteomic analysis. Conclusion The upregulated proteins supplement our current knowledge of AMD pathogenesis, providing evidence that certain specific proteins are expressed into the tear film in AMD. As far we are aware, this is the first study to have undertaken a comprehensive in-depth analysis of the human tear film proteome in AMD patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00417-018-3984-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Winiarczyk
- Department of Vitreoretinal Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Stanisław Winiarczyk
- Department of Epizootiology, University of Life Sciences of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Łukasz Adaszek
- Department of Epizootiology, University of Life Sciences of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Dagmara Winiarczyk
- Department of Epizootiology, University of Life Sciences of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jerzy Mackiewicz
- Department of Vitreoretinal Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
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28
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Ashworth Briggs EL, Toh T, Eri R, Hewitt AW, Cook AL. Uteroglobin and FLRG concentrations in aqueous humor are associated with age in primary open angle glaucoma patients. BMC Ophthalmol 2018; 18:57. [PMID: 29482497 PMCID: PMC5828060 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-018-0723-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The pathophysiological changes occurring in the trabecular meshwork in primary open angle glaucoma are poorly understood, but are thought to include increased extracellular matrix deposition, trabecular meshwork cell apoptosis, inflammation, trabecular meshwork calcification and altered protein composition of the aqueous humor. Although many proteins are present in aqueous humor, relatively few have been studied extensively, and their potential roles in primary open angle glaucoma are unknown. Methods Analyte concentrations in aqueous humor from 19 primary open angle glaucoma and 18 cataract patients were measured using a multiplex immunoassay. Fisher’s exact test was used to assess statistical significance between groups, and correlations of analyte concentrations with age, intraocular pressure, pattern standard deviation, mean deviation, cup-to-disc ratio and disease duration since commencing treatment were tested by Spearman’s method. Results CHI3L1, FLRG, HGF, MIF, P-selectin and Uteroglobin were detected in more than 50% of samples of one or both patient groups, some of which have not previously been quantified in aqueous humor. In the glaucoma but not the cataract group, significant correlations were determined with age for Uteroglobin/SCGB1A1 (rs = 0.805, p < 0.0001) and FLRG (rs = 0.706, p = 0.0007). Furthermore, HGF correlated significantly with disease duration (rs = − 0.723, p = 0.0007). There were no differences in analyte concentrations between groups, and no other significant associations with clinical descriptors that passed correction for multiple testing. Conclusions The correlations of uteroglobin and FLRG with age in primary open angle glaucoma but not cataract may suggest a heightened requirement for anti-inflammatory (uteroglobin) or anti-calcification (FLRG) activity in the ageing glaucomatous trabecular meshwork. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12886-018-0723-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tze'Yo Toh
- Launceston Eye Institute and Launceston Eye Doctors, Launceston, Australia
| | - Rajaraman Eri
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Australia
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Australia.,Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anthony L Cook
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Australia. .,Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, 7001, Australia.
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29
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Kaur I, Kaur J, Sooraj K, Goswami S, Saxena R, Chauhan VS, Sihota R. Comparative evaluation of the aqueous humor proteome of primary angle closure and primary open angle glaucomas and age-related cataract eyes. Int Ophthalmol 2018; 39:69-104. [PMID: 29332228 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-017-0791-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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30
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Kliuchnikova AA, Samokhina NI, Ilina IY, Karpov DS, Pyatnitskiy MA, Kuznetsova KG, Toropygin IY, Kochergin SA, Alekseev IB, Zgoda VG, Archakov AI, Moshkovskii SA. Human aqueous humor proteome in cataract, glaucoma, and pseudoexfoliation syndrome. Proteomics 2017; 16:1938-46. [PMID: 27193151 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-nine human aqueous humor samples from patients with eye diseases such as cataract and glaucoma with and without pseudoexfoliation syndrome were characterized by LC-high resolution MS analysis. In total, 269 protein groups were identified with 1% false discovery rate including 32 groups that were not reported previously for this biological fluid. Since the samples were analyzed individually, but not pooled, 36 proteins were identified in all samples, comprising the constitutive proteome of the fluid. The most dominant molecular function of aqueous humor proteins as determined by GO analysis is endopeptidase inhibitor activity. Label-free protein quantification showed no significant difference between glaucoma and cataract aqueous humor proteomes. At the same time, we found decrease in the level of apolipoprotein D as a marker of the pseudoexfoliation syndrome. The data are available from ProteomeXchange repository (PXD002623).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadezhda I Samokhina
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.,Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Dmitry S Karpov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.,Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Pyatnitskiy
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.,Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU), Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Igor B Alekseev
- Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Sergei A Moshkovskii
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.,Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU), Moscow, Russia
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31
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Kersten E, Paun CC, Schellevis RL, Hoyng CB, Delcourt C, Lengyel I, Peto T, Ueffing M, Klaver CCW, Dammeier S, den Hollander AI, de Jong EK. Systemic and ocular fluid compounds as potential biomarkers in age-related macular degeneration. Surv Ophthalmol 2017; 63:9-39. [PMID: 28522341 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Biomarkers can help unravel mechanisms of disease and identify new targets for therapy. They can also be useful in clinical practice for monitoring disease progression, evaluation of treatment efficacy, and risk assessment in multifactorial diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD). AMD is a highly prevalent progressive retinal disorder for which multiple genetic and environmental risk factors have been described, but the exact etiology is not yet fully understood. Many compounds have been evaluated for their association with AMD. We performed an extensive literature review of all compounds measured in serum, plasma, vitreous, aqueous humor, and urine of AMD patients. Over 3600 articles were screened, resulting in more than 100 different compounds analyzed in AMD studies, involved in neovascularization, immunity, lipid metabolism, extracellular matrix, oxidative stress, diet, hormones, and comorbidities (such as kidney disease). For each compound, we provide a short description of its function and discuss the results of the studies in relation to its usefulness as AMD biomarker. In addition, biomarkers identified by hypothesis-free techniques, including metabolomics, proteomics, and epigenomics, are covered. In summary, compounds belonging to the oxidative stress pathway, the complement system, and lipid metabolism are the most promising biomarker candidates for AMD. We hope that this comprehensive survey of the literature on systemic and ocular fluid compounds as potential biomarkers in AMD will provide a stepping stone for future research and possible implementation in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eveline Kersten
- Department of Ophthalmology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Constantin C Paun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Rosa L Schellevis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Carel B Hoyng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Cécile Delcourt
- Université de Bordeaux, ISPED, Bordeaux, France; INSERM, U1219-Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Bordeaux, France
| | - Imre Lengyel
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Tunde Peto
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Marius Ueffing
- Department for Ophthalmology and Medical Bioanalytics Centre Tübingen, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Caroline C W Klaver
- Department of Ophthalmology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sascha Dammeier
- Department for Ophthalmology and Medical Bioanalytics Centre Tübingen, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anneke I den Hollander
- Department of Ophthalmology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Eiko K de Jong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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32
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Cehofski LJ, Honoré B, Vorum H. A Review: Proteomics in Retinal Artery Occlusion, Retinal Vein Occlusion, Diabetic Retinopathy and Acquired Macular Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18050907. [PMID: 28452939 PMCID: PMC5454820 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18050907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinal artery occlusion (RAO), retinal vein occlusion (RVO), diabetic retinopathy (DR) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are frequent ocular diseases with potentially sight-threatening outcomes. In the present review we discuss major findings of proteomic studies of RAO, RVO, DR and AMD, including an overview of ocular proteome changes associated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatments. Despite the severe outcomes of RAO, the proteome of the disease remains largely unstudied. There is also limited knowledge about the proteome of RVO, but proteomic studies suggest that RVO is associated with remodeling of the extracellular matrix and adhesion processes. Proteomic studies of DR have resulted in the identification of potential therapeutic targets such as carbonic anhydrase-I. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy is the most intensively studied stage of DR. Proteomic studies have established VEGF, pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) and complement components as key factors associated with AMD. The aim of this review is to highlight the major milestones in proteomics in RAO, RVO, DR and AMD. Through large-scale protein analyses, proteomics is bringing new important insights into these complex pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Jørgensen Cehofski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18-22, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Søndre Skovvej 15, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Bent Honoré
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Søndre Skovvej 15, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 3, Building 1182, 024, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Henrik Vorum
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18-22, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Søndre Skovvej 15, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
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Perumal N, Manicam C, Steinicke M, Funke S, Pfeiffer N, Grus FH. Characterization of the human aqueous humour proteome: A comparison of the genders. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172481. [PMID: 28273097 PMCID: PMC5342205 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Aqueous humour (AH) is an important biologic fluid that maintains normal intraocular pressure and contains proteins that regulate the homeostasis of ocular tissues. Any alterations in the protein compositions are correlated to the pathogenesis of various ocular disorders. In recent years, gender-based medicine has emerged as an important research focus considering the prevalence of certain diseases, which are higher in a particular sex. Nevertheless, the inter-gender variations in the AH proteome are unknown. Therefore, this study endeavoured to characterize the AH proteome to assess the differences between genders. Thirty AH samples of patients who underwent cataract surgery were categorized according to their gender. Label-free quantitative discovery mass spectrometry-based proteomics strategy was employed to characterize the AH proteome. A total of 147 proteins were identified with a false discovery rate of less than 1% and only the top 10 major AH proteins make up almost 90% of the total identified proteins. A large number of proteins identified were correlated to defence, immune and inflammatory mechanisms, and response to wounding. Four proteins were found to be differentially abundant between the genders, comprising SERPINF1, SERPINA3, SERPING1 and PTGDS. The findings emerging from our study provide the first insight into the gender-based proteome differences in the AH and also highlight the importance in considering potential sex-dependent changes in the proteome of ocular pathologies in future studies employing the AH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natarajan Perumal
- Experimental and Translational Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Caroline Manicam
- Experimental and Translational Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Steinicke
- Experimental and Translational Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Funke
- Experimental and Translational Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Norbert Pfeiffer
- Experimental and Translational Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Franz H. Grus
- Experimental and Translational Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- * E-mail:
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34
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Shin JY, Son A, Kim H, Kim Y, Yu HG. Carboxymethyl-lysine-modified plasma proteins in age-related macular degeneration. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-016-0504-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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35
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Licier R, Miranda E, Serrano H. A Quantitative Proteomics Approach to Clinical Research with Non-Traditional Samples. Proteomes 2016; 4:proteomes4040031. [PMID: 28248241 PMCID: PMC5260964 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes4040031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The proper handling of samples to be analyzed by mass spectrometry (MS) can guarantee excellent results and a greater depth of analysis when working in quantitative proteomics. This is critical when trying to assess non-traditional sources such as ear wax, saliva, vitreous humor, aqueous humor, tears, nipple aspirate fluid, breast milk/colostrum, cervical-vaginal fluid, nasal secretions, bronco-alveolar lavage fluid, and stools. We intend to provide the investigator with relevant aspects of quantitative proteomics and to recognize the most recent clinical research work conducted with atypical samples and analyzed by quantitative proteomics. Having as reference the most recent and different approaches used with non-traditional sources allows us to compare new strategies in the development of novel experimental models. On the other hand, these references help us to contribute significantly to the understanding of the proportions of proteins in different proteomes of clinical interest and may lead to potential advances in the emerging field of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rígel Licier
- Department of Medicine, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas 00727, Puerto Rico.
- Quantitative Proteomics Laboratory, Comprehensive Cancer Center of Puerto Rico, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico.
| | - Eric Miranda
- Quantitative Proteomics Laboratory, Comprehensive Cancer Center of Puerto Rico, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico.
| | - Horacio Serrano
- Quantitative Proteomics Laboratory, Comprehensive Cancer Center of Puerto Rico, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico.
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Kim HJ, Ahn SJ, Woo SJ, Hong HK, Suh EJ, Ahn J, Park JH, Ryoo NK, Lee JE, Kim KW, Park KH, Lee C. Proteomics-based identification and validation of novel plasma biomarkers phospholipid transfer protein and mannan-binding lectin serine protease-1 in age-related macular degeneration. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32548. [PMID: 27605007 PMCID: PMC5015054 DOI: 10.1038/srep32548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of severe, progressive visual loss among the elderly. There are currently no established serological markers for the diagnosis of AMD. In this study, we carried out a large-scale quantitative proteomics analysis to identify plasma proteins that could serve as potential AMD biomarkers. We found that the plasma levels of phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) and mannan-binding lectin serine protease (MASP)-1 were increased in AMD patients relative to controls. The receiver operating characteristic curve based on data from an independent set of AMD patients and healthy controls had an area under the curve of 0.936 for PLTP and 0.716 for MASP-1, revealing excellent discrimination between the two groups. A proteogenomic combination model that incorporated PLTP and MASP-1 along with two known risk genotypes of age-related maculopathy susceptibility 2 and complement factor H genes further enhanced discriminatory power. Additionally, PLTP and MASP-1 mRNA and protein expression levels were upregulated in retinal pigment epithelial cells upon exposure to oxidative stress in vitro. These results indicate that PLTP and MASP-1 can serve as plasma biomarkers for the early diagnosis and treatment of AMD, which is critical for preventing AMD-related blindness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Jung Kim
- Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Joon Ahn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.,Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Joon Woo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hye Kyoung Hong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Eui Jin Suh
- Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeeyun Ahn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.,Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Na-Kyung Ryoo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lee
- Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Woong Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu Hyung Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Cheolju Lee
- Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
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Murthy KR, Dammalli M, Pinto SM, Murthy KB, Nirujogi RS, Madugundu AK, Dey G, Subbannayya Y, Mishra UK, Nair B, Gowda H, Prasad TK. A Comprehensive Proteomics Analysis of the Human Iris Tissue: Ready to Embrace Postgenomics Precision Medicine in Ophthalmology? OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2016; 20:510-9. [DOI: 10.1089/omi.2016.0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishna R. Murthy
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore, India
- Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita VishwaVidyapeetham, Kollam, India
- Vittala International Institute of Ophthalmology, Bangalore, India
| | - Manjunath Dammalli
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumkur, India
| | - Sneha M. Pinto
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore, India
- YU-IOB Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, India
| | | | - Raja Sekhar Nirujogi
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore, India
- Centre for Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Anil K. Madugundu
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore, India
- Centre for Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Gourav Dey
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore, India
- Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | - Yashwanth Subbannayya
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore, India
- YU-IOB Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, India
| | | | - Bipin Nair
- Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita VishwaVidyapeetham, Kollam, India
| | - Harsha Gowda
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore, India
| | - T.S. Keshava Prasad
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore, India
- YU-IOB Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, India
- NIMHANS-IOB Bioinformatics and Proteomics Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
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38
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Nobl M, Reich M, Dacheva I, Siwy J, Mullen W, Schanstra JP, Choi CY, Kopitz J, Kretz FTA, Auffarth GU, Koch F, Koss MJ. Proteomics of vitreous in neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Exp Eye Res 2016; 146:107-117. [PMID: 26769219 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) has been described as a predominantly inflammatory and proangiogenic retino-choroidal disease. Vitreous humor (VH) is the adjacent and accessible compartment which, due to the vicinity to the retina, might best represent changes of protein-based mediators of nAMD. The aim of this clinical-experimental study was to analyze the nAMD associated VH proteome of previously untreated patients whilst taking different groups of nAMD into account, based on their clinical presentation (clinical diagnosis groups). Electrophoresis coupled online to mass spectrometry (CE-MS) as well as liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were used to analyze VH of 108 nAMD patients and 24 controls with idiopathic floaters. A total of 101 different proteins with at least two unique peptides could be identified. Using a stringent statistical analysis with implementation of the closed test principle, we were able to identify four proteins that may be involved in the pathophysiology of nAMD: Clusterin, opticin, pigment epithelium-derived factor and prostaglandin-H2 d-isomerase. Using independent samples, ROC-Area under the curve was determined proving the validity of the results: Clusterin 0.747, opticin 0.656, pigment epithelium-derived factor 0.514, prostaglandin-H2 d-isomerase 0.712. In addition, validation through ELISA measurements was performed. The identified proteins may serve as potential biomarkers or even targets of therapy for nAMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Nobl
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Reich
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ivanka Dacheva
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - William Mullen
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Joost P Schanstra
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, Institut of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Chul Young Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; David J Apple International Laboratory for Ocular Pathology and International Vision Correction Research Centre (IVCRC), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Kopitz
- Department of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Gerd U Auffarth
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Germany; David J Apple International Laboratory for Ocular Pathology and International Vision Correction Research Centre (IVCRC), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Koch
- Department of Ophthalmology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michael J Koss
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Germany; David J Apple International Laboratory for Ocular Pathology and International Vision Correction Research Centre (IVCRC), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Balasubramanian SA, Krishna Kumar K, Baird PN. The role of proteases and inflammatory molecules in triggering neovascular age-related macular degeneration: basic science to clinical relevance. Transl Res 2014; 164:179-92. [PMID: 24794954 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2014.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) causes severe vision impairment in aged individuals. The health impact and cost of the disease will dramatically increase over the years, with the increase in the aging population. Currently, antivascular endothelial growth factor agents are routinely used for managing late-stage AMD, and recent data have shown that up to 15%-33% of patients do not respond to this treatment. Henceforth, there is a need to develop better treatment options. One avenue is to investigate the role proteases and inflammatory molecules might have in regulating and being regulated by vascular endothelial growth factor. Moreover, emerging data indicate that proteases and inflammatory molecules might be critical in the development and progression of AMD. This article reviews recent literature that investigates proteases and inflammatory molecules involved in the development of AMD. Gaining insights into the proteolytic and inflammatory pathways associated with the pathophysiology of AMD could enable the development of additional or alternative drug strategies for the treatment of AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivaraman A Balasubramanian
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Kaavya Krishna Kumar
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul N Baird
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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40
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Lee H, Choi AJ, Kang GY, Park HS, Kim HC, Lim HJ, Chung H. Increased 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 1 in the aqueous humor of patients with age-related macular degeneration. BMB Rep 2014; 47:292-7. [PMID: 24286321 PMCID: PMC4163863 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2014.47.5.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the world. Evidence indicates that the suppression of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) contributes to the accumulation of toxic proteins and inflammation in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), the functional abnormalities and/or the degeneration of which are believed to be the initiators and major pathologies of AMD. To identify new protein associations with the altered UPS in AMD, we used LC-ESI-MS/MS to perform a proteomic analysis of the aqueous humor (AH) of AMD patients and matched control subjects. Six UPS-related proteins were present in the AH of the patients and control subjects. Four of the proteins, including 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 1 (Rpn2), were increased in patients, according to semi-quantitative proteomic profiling. An LC-MRM assay revealed a significant increase of Rpn2 in 15 AMD patients compared to the control subjects, suggesting that this protein could be a biomarker for AMD. [BMB Reports 2014; 47(5): 292-297]
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungwoo Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 143-729, Korea
| | - Ae Jin Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 143-729, Korea
| | | | | | - Hyung Chan Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 143-729, Korea
| | - Hyunjung Jade Lim
- Department of Biomedical Science & Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-729, Korea
| | - Hyewon Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 143-729, Korea
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41
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Koss MJ, Hoffmann J, Nguyen N, Pfister M, Mischak H, Mullen W, Husi H, Rejdak R, Koch F, Jankowski J, Krueger K, Bertelmann T, Klein J, Schanstra JP, Siwy J. Proteomics of vitreous humor of patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96895. [PMID: 24828575 PMCID: PMC4020801 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is absence of specific biomarkers and an incomplete understanding of the pathophysiology of exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS AND FINDINGS Eighty-eight vitreous samples (73 from patients with treatment naïve AMD and 15 control samples from patients with idiopathic floaters) were analyzed with capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry in this retrospective case series to define potential candidate protein markers of AMD. Nineteen proteins were found to be upregulated in vitreous of AMD patients. Most of the proteins were plasma derived and involved in biological (ion) transport, acute phase inflammatory reaction, and blood coagulation. A number of proteins have not been previously associated to AMD including alpha-1-antitrypsin, fibrinogen alpha chain and prostaglandin H2-D isomerase. Alpha-1-antitrypsin was validated in vitreous of an independent set of AMD patients using Western blot analysis. Further systems biology analysis of the data indicated that the observed proteomic changes may reflect upregulation of immune response and complement activity. CONCLUSIONS Proteome analysis of vitreous samples from patients with AMD, which underwent an intravitreal combination therapy including a core vitrectomy, steroids and bevacizumab, revealed apparent AMD-specific proteomic changes. The identified AMD-associated proteins provide some insight into the pathophysiological changes associated with AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Janusz Koss
- Department of Ophthalmology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruprecht Karls University, Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Nauke Nguyen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marcel Pfister
- Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Harald Mischak
- Mosaiques Diagnostics, Hannover, Germany
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - William Mullen
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Holger Husi
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Rejdak
- Department of General Ophthalmology, Lublin University, Poland
| | - Frank Koch
- Department of Ophthalmology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Joachim Jankowski
- Department of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Transplantation Medicine Charité-Universitaetsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Krueger
- Department of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Transplantation Medicine Charité-Universitaetsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Joost P. Schanstra
- Mosaiques Diagnostics, Hannover, Germany
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, Institut of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Toulouse, France
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Justyna Siwy
- Mosaiques Diagnostics, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Transplantation Medicine Charité-Universitaetsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
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Kang GY, Bang JY, Choi AJ, Yoon J, Lee WC, Choi S, Yoon S, Kim HC, Baek JH, Park HS, Lim HJ, Chung H. Exosomal Proteins in the Aqueous Humor as Novel Biomarkers in Patients with Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:581-95. [DOI: 10.1021/pr400751k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gum-Yong Kang
- Diatech Korea Co., Ltd., Young-Shin
Boulevard, 57-5, Munjeong-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-826, Korea
| | - Joo Young Bang
- Diatech Korea Co., Ltd., Young-Shin
Boulevard, 57-5, Munjeong-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-826, Korea
| | - Ae Jin Choi
- Department
of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Jeehyun Yoon
- Department
of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Won-Chul Lee
- Department
of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Soyoung Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science & Technology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
- Institute
of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Soojin Yoon
- Department
of Molecular Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Hyung Chan Kim
- Department
of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
- Department
of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University Medical Center, 120-1 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-729, Korea
| | - Je-Hyun Baek
- Diatech Korea Co., Ltd., Young-Shin
Boulevard, 57-5, Munjeong-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-826, Korea
| | - Hyung Soon Park
- Diatech Korea Co., Ltd., Young-Shin
Boulevard, 57-5, Munjeong-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-826, Korea
| | - Hyunjung Jade Lim
- Department of Biomedical Science & Technology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
- Institute
of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Hyewon Chung
- Department
of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
- Institute
of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
- Department
of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University Medical Center, 120-1 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-729, Korea
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43
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Smoking and age-related macular degeneration: review and update. J Ophthalmol 2013; 2013:895147. [PMID: 24368940 PMCID: PMC3866712 DOI: 10.1155/2013/895147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 09/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the main socioeconomical health issues worldwide. AMD has a multifactorial etiology with a variety of risk factors. Smoking is the most important modifiable risk factor for AMD development and progression. The present review summarizes the epidemiological studies evaluating the association between smoking and AMD, the mechanisms through which smoking induces damage to the chorioretinal tissues, and the relevance of advising patients to quit smoking for their visual health.
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44
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Semba RD, Enghild JJ, Venkatraman V, Dyrlund TF, Van Eyk JE. The Human Eye Proteome Project: perspectives on an emerging proteome. Proteomics 2013; 13:2500-11. [PMID: 23749747 PMCID: PMC3978387 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201300075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
There are an estimated 285 million people with visual impairment worldwide, of whom 39 million are blind. The pathogenesis of many eye diseases remains poorly understood. The human eye is currently an emerging proteome that may provide key insight into the biological pathways of disease. We review proteomic investigations of the human eye and present a catalogue of 4842 nonredundant proteins identified in human eye tissues and biofluids to date. We highlight the need to identify new biomarkers for eye diseases using proteomics. Recent advances in proteomics do now allow the identification of hundreds to thousands of proteins in tissues and fluids, characterization of various PTMs and simultaneous quantification of multiple proteins. To facilitate proteomic studies of the eye, the Human Eye Proteome Project (HEPP) was organized in September 2012. The HEPP is one of the most recent components of the Biology/Disease-driven Human Proteome Project (B/D-HPP) whose overarching goal is to support the broad application of state-of-the-art measurements of proteins and proteomes by life scientists studying the molecular mechanisms of biological processes and human disease. The large repertoire of investigative proteomic tools has great potential to transform vision science and enhance understanding of physiology and disease processes that affect sight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard D Semba
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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45
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Yao J, Liu X, Yang Q, Zhuang M, Wang F, Chen X, Hang H, Zhang W, Liu Q. Proteomic analysis of the aqueous humor in patients with wet age-related macular degeneration. Proteomics Clin Appl 2013; 7:550-60. [PMID: 23418058 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201200012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Revised: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A number of studies have shown that the levels of some proteins in the aqueous humor (AH) are altered and correlate with the mechanisms or prognosis of many eye diseases. To identify the possible mechanisms that lead to the development of wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a proteomic analysis of the AH composition from wet AMD patients was performed and compared with that from non-AMD cataract patients. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Six wet AMD and six non-AMD cataract patients were enrolled. A proteomic approach which included two-dimensional electrophoresis coupled with MS and bioinformatics methods were used to identify AH proteins with altered expression in wet AMD compared with non-AMD patients. An ELISA was used to validate the proteomic results. RESULTS We separated 78 protein spots and identified 68 that were differently expressed in the wet AMD group and controls. Numerous proteins identified in this study are implicated in inflammation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The AH protein composition was significantly different between wet AMD and non-AMD patients. The proteins identified in this study may be potential biomarkers of wet AMD development and might play a role in the mechanisms of wet AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
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