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Mohamed AA, Nour AA, Mosbah NM, Wahba ASM, Esmail OE, Eysa B, Heiba A, Samir HH, El-Kassas AA, Adroase AS, Elamir AY, Mahmoud GM, Rafaat RS, Hassan HA, El Abd YS. Evaluation of circulating insulin-like growth factor-1, heart-type fatty acid-binding protein, and endotrophin levels as prognostic markers of COVID-19 infection severity. Virol J 2023; 20:94. [PMID: 37189123 PMCID: PMC10183690 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02057-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a worldwide pandemic challenge spreading enormously within a few months. COVID-19 is characterized by the over-activation of the immune system causing cytokine storm. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) pathway can regulate the immune response via interaction with various implicated cytokines. Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) has been shown to promote inflammation. Given the fact that coronavirus infections induce cytokines secretion leading to inflammatory lung injury, it has been suggested that H-FABP levels are affected by COVID-19 severity. Moreover, endotrophin (ETP), the cleavage product of collagen VI, may be an indicator of an overactive repair process and fibrosis, considering that viral infection may predispose or exacerbate existing respiratory conditions, including pulmonary fibrosis. This study aims to assess the prognostic capacity of circulating IGF-1, HFABP, and ETP, levels for COVID-19 severity progression in Egyptian patients. METHODS The study cohort included 107 viral RNA-positive patients and an equivalent number of control individuals with no clinical signs of infection. Clinical assessments included profiling of CBC; serum iron; liver and kidney functions; inflammatory markers. Circulating levels of IGF-1; H-FABP, and ETP were estimated using the corresponding ELISA kits. RESULTS No statistical difference in the body mass index was detected between the healthy and control groups, while the mean age of infected patients was significantly higher (P = 0.0162) than the control. Patients generally showed elevated levels of inflammatory markers including CRP and ESR concomitant with elevated serum ferritin; D dimer and procalcitonin levels, besides the COVID-19 characteristic lymphopenia and hypoxemia were also frequent. Logistic regression analysis revealed that oxygen saturation; serum IGF-1, and H-FABP can significantly predict the infection progression (P < 0.001 each). Both serum IGF-1 and H-FABP as well as O2 saturation showed remarkable prognostic potentials in terms of large AUC values, high sensitivity/specificity values, and wide confidence interval. The calculated threshold for severity prognosis was 25.5 ng/mL; 19.5 ng/mL, 94.5, % and for IGF-1, H-FABP, and O2 saturation; respectively. The calculated thresholds of serum IGF-1; H-FABP, and O2 saturation showed positive and negative value ranges of 79-91% and 72-97%; respectively, with 66-95%, 83-94% sensitivity, and specificity; respectively. CONCLUSION The calculated cut-off values of serum IGF-1 and H-FABP represent a promising non-invasive prognostic tool that would facilitate the risk stratification in COVID-19 patients, and control the morbidity/mortality associated with progressive infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal A Mohamed
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aya A Nour
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Noha M Mosbah
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Alaa S M Wahba
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Omnia E Esmail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Basem Eysa
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Heiba
- Internal Medicine Department, Medicine and Clinical Studies Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hussin H Samir
- Nephrology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed S Adroase
- Clinical Pathology Department, El-Sahel Teaching Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Y Elamir
- Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada M Mahmoud
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Rasha S Rafaat
- Neurology and Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Hatem A Hassan
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Yasmine S El Abd
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
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Goel H, Melot J, Krinock MD, Kumar A, Nadar SK, Lip GYH. Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein: an overlooked cardiac biomarker. Ann Med 2020; 52:444-461. [PMID: 32697102 PMCID: PMC7877932 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2020.1800075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac troponins (cTn) are currently the standard of care for the diagnosis of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with chest pain (CP). However, their plasma kinetics necessitate a prolonged ED stay or overnight hospital admission, especially in those presenting early after CP onset. Moreover, ruling out ACS in low-risk patients requires prolonged ED observation or overnight hospital admission to allow serial measurements of c-Tn, adding cost. Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) is a novel marker of myocardial injury with putative advantages over cTn. Being present in abundance in the myocellular cytoplasm, it is released rapidly (<1 h) after the onset of myocardial injury and could potentially play an important role in both earlier diagnosis of high-risk patients presenting early after CP onset, as well as in risk-stratifying low-risk patients rapidly. Like cTn, H-FABP also has a potential role as a prognostic marker in other conditions where the myocardial injury occurs, such as acute congestive heart failure (CHF) and acute pulmonary embolism (PE). This review provides an overview of the evidence examining the role of H-FABP in early diagnosis and risk stratification of patients with CP and in non-ACS conditions associated with myocardial injury. Key messages Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein is a biomarker that is elevated early in myocardial injury The routine use in the emergency department complements the use of troponins in ruling out acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting early with chest pain It also is useful in risk stratifying patients with other conditions such as heart failure and acute pulmonary embolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Goel
- Department of Medicine, St. Luke's University Hospital, Bethlehem, PA, USA.,Luis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Joshua Melot
- Department of Medicine, St. Luke's University Hospital, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Matthew D Krinock
- Department of Medicine, St. Luke's University Hospital, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Medicine, Wellspan York Hospital, York, PA, USA
| | - Sunil K Nadar
- Department of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Honda Y, Watanabe T, Tamura H, Nishiyama S, Takahashi H, Arimoto T, Shishido T, Miyamoto T, Shibata Y, Konta T, Kayama T, Kubota I. Presence of Myocardial Damage Predicts Future Development of Hypertension in a Normotensive Japanese General Population: The Yamagata (Takahata) Study. Am J Hypertens 2018; 31:549-556. [PMID: 29342240 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpy008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A modest rise in blood pressure (BP) reportedly increases cardiovascular mortality despite not reaching obvious hypertension, suggesting that target organ damages are latently induced by slight BP rising. The goal of this study was to determine whether presence of subclinical myocardial damage can predict the future development of hypertension in the normotensive general population. METHODS AND RESULTS The cohort study was conducted with subjects who participated in a community-based annual health check. Normotensive subjects without prior cardiovascular diseases at baseline were eligible for analyses (n = 524, mean age 58 ± 9 years; 53% women). We measured heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) at baseline as a biomarker of ongoing myocardial damage. Longitudinal changes in BP were examined during median follow-up period of 6.2 years, and we investigated the association between the baseline H-FABP level and longitudinal BP changes. RESULTS During the follow-up, 177 subjects (34%) developed hypertension. In multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis adjusted for potential confounders including age and baseline BP, presence of myocardial damage was significantly associated with the development of hypertension (hazard ratio 1.80, 95% confidence interval, 1.26-2.54; P = 0.0014). Furthermore, relative risk of myocardial damage for incident hypertension was higher in younger subjects and lower BP category. CONCLUSIONS Presence of subclinical myocardial damage was independently associated with the future development of hypertension in the normotensive general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Honda
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Insurance Kuzumaki Hospital, Iwate, Japan
| | - Tetsu Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Harutoshi Tamura
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nishiyama
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takahashi
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Takanori Arimoto
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Shishido
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Takuya Miyamoto
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Yoko Shibata
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Konta
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Takamasa Kayama
- Global Center of Excellence Program Study Group, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Isao Kubota
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
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Honda Y, Watanabe T, Otaki Y, Tamura H, Nishiyama S, Takahashi H, Arimoto T, Shishido T, Miyamoto T, Shibata Y, Konta T, Kawasaki R, Daimon M, Ueno Y, Kato T, Kayama T, Kubota I. Gender differences in the impact of anemia on subclinical myocardial damage and cardiovascular mortality in the general population: The Yamagata (Takahata) study. Int J Cardiol 2018; 252:207-212. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Dookhun MN, Sun Y, Zou H, Cao X, Lu X. Classification of New Biomarkers of Dilated Cardiomyopathy Based on Pathogenesis—An Update. Health (London) 2018. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2018.103024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Otaki Y, Watanabe T, Kubota I. Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein in cardiovascular disease: A systemic review. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 474:44-53. [PMID: 28911997 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid-binding proteins, whose clinical applications have been studied, are a family of proteins that reflect tissue injury. Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) is a marker of ongoing myocardial damage and useful for early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In the past decade, compared to other cardiac enzymes, H-FABP has shown more promise as an early detection marker for AMI. However, the role of H-FABP is being re-examined due to recent refinement in the search for newer biomarkers, and greater understanding of the role of high-sensitivity troponin. We discuss the current role of H-FABP as an early marker for AMI in the era of high sensitive troponin. H-FABP is highlighted as a prognostic marker for a broad spectrum of fatal diseases, viz., AMI, heart failure, arrhythmia, and pulmonary embolism that could be associated with poor clinical outcomes. Because the cut-off value of what constitutes an abnormal H-FABP potentially differs for each cardiovascular event and depends on the clinical setting, an optimal cut-off value has not been clearly established. Of note, several factors such as age, gender, and cardiovascular risk factors, which affect H-FABP levels need to be considered in this context. In this review, we discuss the clinical applications of H-FABP as a prognostic marker in various clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichiro Otaki
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tetsu Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.
| | - Isao Kubota
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
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Kadowaki S, Watanabe T, Otaki Y, Narumi T, Honda Y, Takahashi H, Arimoto T, Shishido T, Miyamoto T, Kubota I. Combined assessment of myocardial damage and electrical disturbance in chronic heart failure. World J Cardiol 2017; 9:457-465. [PMID: 28603594 PMCID: PMC5442415 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v9.i5.457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate feasibility of combined assessment of biochemical and electrophysiological myocardial impairment markers risk-stratifying patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).
METHODS Serum levels of heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) as a marker of ongoing myocardial damage and QRS duration on electrocardiogram were measured at admission in 322 consecutive patients with CHF. A prolonged QRS duration was defined as 120 ms or longer. The cut-off value for H-FABP level (4.5 ng/mL) was determined from a previous study. Patients were prospectively followed during a median follow up period of 534 d. The primary endpoint was cardiac deaths and rehospitalization for worsening CHF.
RESULTS There were 117 primary events, including 27 cardiac deaths and 90 rehospitalizations. Patients were stratified into four groups according to H-FABP level and QRS duration (≥ 120 ms). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that high H-FABP levels [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.745, P = 0.021] and QRS prolongation (HR 1.612, P = 0.0258) were independent predictors of cardiac events. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that the combination of high H-FABP levels and QRS prolongation could be used to reliably stratify patients at high risk for cardiac events (log rank test P < 0.0001).
CONCLUSION Combined assessment of myocardial damage and electrical disturbance can be used to risk-stratify patients with CHF.
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Langer M, Forkmann M, Richter U, Tausche AK, Sveric K, Christoph M, Ibrahim K, Günther M, Kolschmann S, Boscheri A, Barthel P, Strasser RH, Wunderlich C. Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein and myocardial creatine kinase enable rapid risk stratification in normotensive patients with pulmonary embolism. J Crit Care 2016; 35:174-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2016.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Inhibition of gene expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I and heart fatty acid binding protein in cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide-induced acute cardiotoxic rat models. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2015; 14:232-42. [PMID: 24469765 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-014-9247-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated whether cyclophosphamide (CP) and ifosfamide (IFO) therapy alters the expression of the key genes engaged in long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) oxidation outside rat heart mitochondria, and if so, whether these alterations should be viewed as a mechanism during CP- and IFO-induced cardiotoxicity. Adult male Wistar albino rats were assigned to one of the six treatment groups: Rats in group 1 (control) and group 2 (L-carnitine) were injected intraperitoneal (i.p.) with normal saline and L-carnitine (200 mg/kg/day), respectively, for 10 successive days. Animals in group 3 (CP group) were injected i.p. with normal saline for 5 days before and 5 days after a single dose of CP (200 mg/kg, i.p.). Rats in group 4 (IFO group) received normal saline for 5 successive days followed by IFO (50 mg/kg/day, i.p.) for 5 successive days. Rats in group 5 (CP-carnitine supplemented) were given the same doses of L-carnitine as group 2 for 5 days before and 5 days after a single dose of CP as group 3. Rats in group 6 (IFO-carnitine supplemented) were given the same doses of L-carnitine as group 2 for 5 days before and 5 days concomitant with IFO as group 4. Immediately, after the last dose of the treatment protocol, blood samples were withdrawn and animals were killed for biochemical, histopathological and gene expression studies. Treatment with CP and IFO significantly decreased expression of heart fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT I) genes in cardiac tissues. Moreover, CP but not IFO significantly increased acetyl-CoA carboxylase2 mRNA expression. Conversely, IFO but not CP significantly decreased mRNA expression of malonyl-CoA decarboxylase. Both CP and IFO significantly increased serum lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase isoenzyme MB and malonyl-CoA content and histopathological lesions in cardiac tissues. Interestingly, carnitine supplementation completely reversed all the biochemical, histopathological and gene expression changes induced by CP and IFO to the control values, except CPT I mRNA, and protein expression remained inhibited by IFO. Data from the current study suggest, for the first time, that (1) CP and IFO therapy is associated with the inhibition of the expression of H-FABP and CPT I genes in cardiac tissues with the consequent inhibition of mitochondrial transport and oxidation of LCFA. (2) The progressive increase in cardiotoxicity enzymatic indices and the decrease in H-FABP and CPT I expression may point to the possible contribution of these genes to CP- and IFO-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Gedikli O, Kiris A, Hosoglu Y, Karahan C, Kaplan S. Serum myeloperoxidase level is associated with heart-type fatty acid-binding protein but not troponin T in patients with chronic heart failure. Med Princ Pract 2015; 24:42-6. [PMID: 25402608 PMCID: PMC5588196 DOI: 10.1159/000368717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our aim was to investigate the possible relationship between myeloperoxidase (MPO) and myocardial damage markers such as heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) and troponin T (TnT) in patients with chronic heart failure (HF). MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-two consecutive patients (age range: 27-80 years) with chronic HF were enrolled in the study. Serum H-FABP, TnT and MPO levels were measured. Routine biochemical and clinical parameters were recorded. Echocardiographic examinations were performed on all patients. A linear regression analysis was performed to determine the correlates of serum H-FABP. RESULTS The MPO, H-FABP and TnT levels were 255 ± 227, 60.6 ± 48.5 and 0.07 ± 0.15 ng/ml, respectively. In multiple linear regression analysis, age (β = -0.36, p = 0.006), creatinine level (β = 0.3, p = 0.024) and serum MPO level (β = 0.41, p = 0.009) were significant determinants of H-FABP levels. Bivariate predictors were not significantly associated with TnT levels in linear regression analyses. CONCLUSIONS The MPO was significantly associated with serum H-FABP levels but not with TnT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Gedikli
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
- *Omer Gedikli, MD, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, TR–61080 Trabzon (Turkey), E-Mail
| | - Abdulkadir Kiris
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Hosoglu
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Caner Karahan
- Department of Biochemistry, Özel Yıldızlıgüven Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Sahin Kaplan
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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Gunes F, Asik M, Temiz A, Vural A, Sen H, Binnetoglu E, Bozkurt N, Tekeli Z, Erbag G, Ukinc K, Akbal E. Serum H-FABP levels in patients with hypothyroidism. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2014; 126:727-33. [PMID: 25234940 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-014-0612-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypothyroidism (HT) has an increased risk for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity due to increased atherosclerosis. Heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) is abundant in the cytosol of cardiomyocytes, and transports fatty acids into these cells. Although H-FABP has been shown to increase in several atherosclerotic and inflammatory conditions, there is no literature data indicating an alteration in other atherosclerotic processes such as HT. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 39 patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), 26 patients with overt hypothyroidism (OH), and 29 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Carotid artery intima media thickness (CIMT) was measured by high resolution B mode ultrasonography. H-FABP levels, thyroid function test, and biochemical tests of all subjects were measured. The associations between H-FABP and thyroid test and CIMT were examined with correlation and regression analysis. RESULTS OH patients had higher H-FABP levels (mean, 6.18 ± 3.08 ng/mL) than both the SCH (mean, 3.81 ± 2.16 ng/mL) and the controls (mean, 2.12 ± 1.27 ng/mL) (P < 0.01 and < 0.001, respectively). SCH patients had increased serum H-FABP levels compared with control subjects (P < 0.01). CIMT of both OH and SCH patients was also significantly greater compared with control subjects (both of p < 0.01). H-FABP was significantly and positively correlated with age, systolic blood pressure, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, and CIMT, and negatively correlated with fT4 levels. The H-FABP levels retained an independent and positive association with systolic blood pressure, and a negative association with fT4 levels. CONCLUSION Serum H-FABP levels progressively increased from the control group to the OH group. This suggests that H-FABP may be an indicator of low-level myocardial damage in HT, especially when used together with CIMT. Decreasing serum fT4 levels seem also to have an effect on H-FABP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahri Gunes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey,
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Kukat A, Dogan SA, Edgar D, Mourier A, Jacoby C, Maiti P, Mauer J, Becker C, Senft K, Wibom R, Kudin AP, Hultenby K, Flögel U, Rosenkranz S, Ricquier D, Kunz WS, Trifunovic A. Loss of UCP2 attenuates mitochondrial dysfunction without altering ROS production and uncoupling activity. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004385. [PMID: 24945157 PMCID: PMC4063685 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although mitochondrial dysfunction is often accompanied by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, we previously showed that an increase in random somatic mtDNA mutations does not result in increased oxidative stress. Normal levels of ROS and oxidative stress could also be a result of an active compensatory mechanism such as a mild increase in proton leak. Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) was proposed to play such a role in many physiological situations. However, we show that upregulation of UCP2 in mtDNA mutator mice is not associated with altered proton leak kinetics or ROS production, challenging the current view on the role of UCP2 in energy metabolism. Instead, our results argue that high UCP2 levels allow better utilization of fatty acid oxidation resulting in a beneficial effect on mitochondrial function in heart, postponing systemic lactic acidosis and resulting in longer lifespan in these mice. This study proposes a novel mechanism for an adaptive response to mitochondrial cardiomyopathy that links changes in metabolism to amelioration of respiratory chain deficiency and longer lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Kukat
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Aging, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sukru Anil Dogan
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Aging, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Daniel Edgar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arnaud Mourier
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Aging, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Jacoby
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Priyanka Maiti
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Aging, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Mauer
- Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christina Becker
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Aging, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Katharina Senft
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Aging, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Rolf Wibom
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexei P. Kudin
- Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kjell Hultenby
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrich Flögel
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stephan Rosenkranz
- Department III of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center (CCRC) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Daniel Ricquier
- University Paris Descartes, Faculty of Medicine, CNRS FRE3210, Paris, France
| | - Wolfram S. Kunz
- Department of Epileptology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Trifunovic
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Aging, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center (CCRC) and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Glatz JFC, Renneberg R. Added value of H-FABP as plasma biomarker for the early evaluation of suspected acute coronary syndrome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.2217/clp.13.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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14
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Zhang Y, Liu Y, Song J, Cheng S, Dong L. Effects of dietary energy level on the transcription of the H-FABP gene in different tissues of sheep. Small Rumin Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2013.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Gopal DM, Sam F. New and emerging biomarkers in left ventricular systolic dysfunction--insight into dilated cardiomyopathy. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2013; 6:516-27. [PMID: 23609585 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-013-9462-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by deteriorating cardiac performance, impaired contraction and dilation of the left ventricle (or both ventricles). Blood markers--known as "biomarkers"--allow insight into underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms and biologic pathways while predicting outcomes and guiding heart failure management and/or therapies. In this review, we provide an alternative approach to conceptualize heart failure biomarkers: the cardiomyocyte, its surrounding microenvironment, and the macroenvironment, integrating these entities which may impact cellular processes involved in the pathogenesis and/or propagation of DCM. Newer biomarkers of left ventricular systolic dysfunction can be categorized under: (a) myocyte stress and stretch, (b) myocyte apoptosis, (c) cardiac interstitium, (d) inflammation, (e) oxidative stress, (f) cardiac energetics, (g) neurohormones, and (h) renal biomarkers. Biomarkers provide insight into the pathogenesis of DCM while predicting and potentially providing prognostic information in these patients with heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa M Gopal
- Cardiovascular Section and Evans Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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16
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High sensitive troponin T and heart fatty acid binding protein: novel biomarker in heart failure with normal ejection fraction? A cross-sectional study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2011; 11:41. [PMID: 21729325 PMCID: PMC3146933 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2261-11-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High sensitive troponin T (hsTnT) and heart fatty acid binding protein (hFABP) are both markers of myocardial injury and predict adverse outcome in patients with systolic heart failure (SHF). We tested whether hsTnT and hFABP plasma levels are elevated in patients with heart failure with normal ejection fraction (HFnEF). METHODS We analyzed hsTnT, hFABP and N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide in 130 patients comprising 49 HFnEF patients, 51 patients with asymptomatic left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD), and 30 controls with normal diastolic function. Patients were classified to have HFnEF when the diagnostic criteria as recommended by the European Society of Cardiology were met. RESULTS Levels of hs TnT and hFABP were significantly higher in patients with asymptomatic LVDD and HFnEF (both p < 0.001) compared to controls. The hsTnT levels were 5.6 [0.0-9.8] pg/ml in LVDD vs. 8.5 [3.9-17.5] pg/ml in HFnEF vs. <0.03 [< 0.03-6.4] pg/ml in controls; hFABP levels were 3029 [2533-3761] pg/ml in LVDD vs. 3669 [2918-4839] pg/ml in HFnEF vs. 2361 [1860-3081] pg/ml in controls. Furthermore, hsTnT and hFABP levels were higher in subjects with HFnEF compared to LVDD (p = 0.015 and p = 0.022). CONCLUSION In HFnEF patients, hsTnT and hFABP are elevated independent of coronary artery disease, suggesting that ongoing myocardial damage plays a critical role in the pathophysiology. A combination of biomarkers and echocardiographic parameters might improve diagnostic accuracy and risk stratification of patients with HFnEF.
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17
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Hayabuchi Y, Inoue M, Watanabe N, Sakata M, Ohnishi T, Kagami S. Serum concentration of heart-type fatty acid-binding protein in children and adolescents with congenital heart disease. Circ J 2011; 75:1992-7. [PMID: 21617322 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-10-1256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) is widely applied as a marker of cardiac myocyte injury. Recently, it has been reported that levels of H-FABP are elevated in adult patients with chronic heart failure and thus provide useful prognostic information. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationships between serum H-FABP levels and pathophysiological characteristics in children and adolescents with congenital heart disease (CHD). METHODS AND RESULTS Serum H-FABP levels were preoperatively and postoperatively measured in 238 consecutive patients with CHD aged 1-31 years. The relationships between H-FABP levels and severity of heart failure, circulatory status and laboratory data were cross-sectionally analyzed. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that serum H-FABP levels are independently affected by age, New York Heart Association functional class, creatine kinase MB, creatinine and arterial oxygen saturation (standard regression coefficients, -0.378, 0.237, 0.422, 0.615, and -0.210, respectively). Neither left ventricular ejection fraction nor B-type natriuretic peptide correlated with H-FABP levels. CONCLUSIONS H-FABP could serve as a new monitoring tool to provide information that will guide the optimal therapy and management of CHD patients.
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Quantitative evaluation of the effects of cold exposure of rats on the expression levels of ten FABP isoforms in brown adipose tissue. Biotechnol Lett 2010; 33:237-42. [PMID: 20972819 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-010-0444-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2010] [Accepted: 10/12/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We quantitatively examined the transcript levels of ten fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) isoforms in the brown adipose tissue (BAT) of rats kept at room temperature and of rats exposed to the cold by Northern blotting using the synthesized RNA of each isoform as an external standard. FABP3-5 were expressed in BAT of both rats maintained at room temperature and those exposed to the cold. FABP4 was the most abundantly expressed isoform, but its transcript level was not significantly affected by cold exposure. FABP3 was slightly expressed in the BAT of rats maintained at room temperature and its transcript level was elevated ten fold by cold exposure. FABP5 was also elevated four fold by cold exposure but the amount of its mRNA in BAT was negligible.
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Sayed-Ahmed MM, Al-Shabanah OA, Hafez MM, Aleisa AM, Al-Rejaie SS. Inhibition of gene expression of heart fatty acid binding protein and organic cation/carnitine transporter in doxorubicin cardiomyopathic rat model. Eur J Pharmacol 2010; 640:143-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2010] [Revised: 04/13/2010] [Accepted: 05/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Dalzell JR, Jackson CE, McDonagh TA, Gardner RS. Novel biomarkers in heart failure: an overview. Biomark Med 2010; 3:453-63. [PMID: 20477516 DOI: 10.2217/bmm.09.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a complex systemic syndrome resulting from significant impairment of cardiac function. A vast array of biological pathways is now known to be involved in heart failure, including deleterious pathways promoting its development and progression, as well as compensatory cardioprotective pathways. Some of the components of these pathways are now recognized as biomarkers of this condition, and can aid diagnosis, prognostication and guide management. As the understanding of the pathophysiology of heart failure progresses, further candidate biomarkers are being identified. This article reviews the literature regarding the more recently identified biomarkers and outlines areas requiring further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Dalzell
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK.
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Qiao HY, Zhao QJ, Yao N, Lu YZ, Meng XR, Han JL, Guan WJ, Ma YH. [Study on single nucleotide polymorphisms of H-FABP gene in sheep]. YI CHUAN = HEREDITAS 2009; 31:725-731. [PMID: 19586878 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1005.2009.00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing approaches were applied to assess the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and analyze the genetic polymorphisms at partial exon 2 and intron 2 of H-FABP(Heart fatty acid-binding protein)gene, and five sheep populations that comprised of Small-Tailed Han sheep (SH, 48), Ningxia Tan sheep (Tan, 121), Tan x SH F1 (23), Poll Dorset (48) and Suffolk (24) sheep were screened in this study. The result showed: (1)four SNPs at 981(G/A), 1014(A/C) 1019(T/C) and 1058 (-/G ) and nine genotypes (AA, BB, CC, AB, AC, BC, AD, CD and BD) were detected using primer 2, the AA was the predominant genotype. A chi-square analysis suggested that the allele frequencies and genotype frequencies of H-FABP were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium except the Tan and Suffolk populations. Statistical analysis revealed a low polymorphism information content (PIC) in the Suffolk and Tan x SH F1 populations (PIC amp; 0.25) but an intermediate PIC in the remaining three populations (0.25 amp; PIC amp;0.50). It meant that the fragment of H-FABP had polymorphisms, which could be used as a candidate gene associated gene with phenotypic traits like intramuscular fat content in different sheep populations. (2)Three genotypes (HH, Hh and hh) determined by a SNP at 2407(T-C) were detected using primer 4. The genotype frequencies were in the order of HHHhhh. A chi-square analysis suggested that the allele frequencies and genotype frequencies of H-FABP were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the Tan and Poll Dorset populations, and the PIC values were low (PIC amp; 0.25). However, there was no polymorphisms in SH, Tan x SH F1 and Suffolk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yun Qiao
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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22
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Pang WJ, Bai L, Yang GS. Relationship among H-FABP gene polymorphism, intramuscular fat content, and adipocyte lipid droplet content in main pig breeds with different genotypes in western China. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 33:515-24. [PMID: 16800382 DOI: 10.1016/s0379-4172(06)60080-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
H-FABP(Heart fatty acid-binding protein), a member of FABP family, plays an essential role in long-chain fatty acid uptake and metabolic homeostasis. Its role in pig intramuscular fat content remains poorly understood, especially in local pig breeds in western China. In this study, the genetic variations of 5'-upstream region and the second intron in porcine H-FABP gene were investigated by PCR-RFLP in 256 pigs including Duroc, Large White, Landrace, Neijiang, Rongchang, Bamei pig, Hanjiang Black, Hanzhong White, and the wild ones. The effect of H-FABP gene on the IMF content was analyzed by the least square method. Lipid droplet morphology and content in adipocytes cultured from pigs with different H-FABP genotypes, were studied by oil red O staining and a triglyceride assay kit. Results showed a Hinf I -RFLP in these eight pig breeds and wild pigs, among which Large white, Bamei pig, Hanjiang Black, Hanzhong White, and wild pigs presented with low polymorphism while the other breeds had intermediate polymorphism. There was no Hae III or Msp I -RFLPs in the four Chinese local pig breeds tested, but Duroc, Landrace, Large White, Hanzhong White and wild pig had polymorphism. Landrace, Large White and wild pigs had low levels of Hae III- and Msp I -RFLP, whereas others had intermediate polymorphism. H-FABP genotypes significantly affected the IMF content (P<0.05). The IMF content ordered by H-FABP genotypes were HH>Hh>hh, DD<Dd<dd, and AA<Aa<aa. The genetic effect values were 3.89, 3.42, 3.17, 2.27, 2.49, 2.91, 2.28, 2.70, and 2.95, respectively. Fat deposition in adipocytes was stronger in the HH, dd and aa genotypes than in others. The results suggest that porcine meat quality may be improved by increasing the frequency of genotype aa-dd-HH in pig breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jun Pang
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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24
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Separation of minor protein components from whey protein isolates by heparin affinity chromatography. Int Dairy J 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2008.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Relationship between arterial stiffness and myocardial damage in patients with newly diagnosed essential hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2008; 21:989-93. [PMID: 18617881 DOI: 10.1038/ajh.2008.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arterial stiffness increases in hypertensive individuals. Arterial stiffness is associated with impairment of systolic and diastolic myocardial function in hypertension (HT). However, the relationship between arterial stiffness and serum heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) levels, a sensitive marker of myocardial damage, has not been previously examined in patients with HT. We investigate the relationship between serum H-FABP levels and arterial stiffness in patients with newly diagnosed HT. METHODS We studied 46 (48.5 +/- 10.6, years) never-treated patients with HT and age-matched control group of 40 (47 +/- 8.6, years) normotensive individuals. H-FABP levels were determined in all subjects. We evaluated arterial stiffness and wave reflections of study population, using applanation tonometry (Sphygmocor). Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured as indices of elastic-type, aortic stiffness. The heart rate-corrected augmentation index (AIx@75) was estimated as a marker of wave reflections. RESULTS Carotid-femoral PWV (10.5 +/- 2.2 vs. 8.7 +/- 1.6, m/s, P = 0.0001) and AIx@75 (22.7 +/- 9.5 vs. 15 +/- 11, %, P = 0.001) were significantly higher in patients with HT than control group. H-FABP levels were increased in hypertensive patients compared with control group (21.1 +/- 14.8 vs. 12.9 +/- 8.5, ng/ml, P = 0.002). In multiple linear regression analysis, we found that the body mass index (beta = 0.42, P = 0.0001) and carotid-femoral PWV (beta = 0.23, P = 0.03) were significant determinants of H-FABP levels. CONCLUSION Arterial stiffness is associated with serum H-FABP levels, a sensitive marker of myocardial damage, in patients with newly diagnosed HT.
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Niizeki T, Takeishi Y, Arimoto T, Nozaki N, Hirono O, Watanabe T, Nitobe J, Miyashita T, Miyamoto T, Koyama Y, Kitahara T, Suzuki S, Sasaki T, Kubota I. Persistently Increased Serum Concentration of Heart-Type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein Predicts Adverse Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure. Circ J 2008; 72:109-14. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.72.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Niizeki
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Yasuchika Takeishi
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Takanori Arimoto
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Naoki Nozaki
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Osamu Hirono
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Tetsu Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Joji Nitobe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Takehiko Miyashita
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Takuya Miyamoto
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Yo Koyama
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Tatsuro Kitahara
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Satoshi Suzuki
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Toshiki Sasaki
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Isao Kubota
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
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Ishino M, Takeishi Y, Niizeki T, Watanabe T, Nitobe J, Miyamoto T, Miyashita T, Kitahara T, Suzuki S, Sasaki T, Bilim O, Kubota I. Risk Stratification of Chronic Heart Failure Patients by Multiple Biomarkers Implications of BNP, H-FABP, and PTX3. Circ J 2008; 72:1800-5. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-08-0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsunori Ishino
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | | | - Takeshi Niizeki
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Tetsu Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Joji Nitobe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Takuya Miyamoto
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Takehiko Miyashita
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Tatsuro Kitahara
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Satoshi Suzuki
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Toshiki Sasaki
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Olga Bilim
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
| | - Isao Kubota
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine
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Niizeki T, Takeishi Y, Arimoto T, Takabatake N, Nozaki N, Hirono O, Watanabe T, Nitobe J, Harada M, Suzuki S, Koyama Y, Kitahara T, Sasaki T, Kubota I. Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein is more sensitive than troponin T to detect the ongoing myocardial damage in chronic heart failure patients. J Card Fail 2007; 13:120-7. [PMID: 17395052 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2006.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2006] [Revised: 10/18/2006] [Accepted: 10/23/2006] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) is a small cytosolic protein and released into the circulation when the myocardium is injured. Previous studies have demonstrated that both H-FABP and troponin T (TnT) are detectable in venous blood samples in chronic heart failure (CHF) patients, suggesting the presence of ongoing myocardial damage (OMD). We hypothesized that a cytosolic marker (H-FABP) is more sensitive than a myofibrillar component (TnT) in the detection of OMD in CHF. METHODS AND RESULTS We measured serum H-FABP and TnT levels in 126 consecutive CHF patients at admission, and patients were followed-up with a mean period of 474 +/- 328 days. Cutoff values for H-FABP (4.3 ng/mL) and TnT (0.01 ng/mL) were determined from previous studies. Positive rate of H-FABP was higher than that of TnT in all CHF patients (46% [58/126] versus 26% [33/126], P < .0001), and in severe CHF (New York Heart Association III/IV) patients (69% [34/49] versus 47% [23/49], P = .0121). There were 27 cardiac events during a follow-up period. In patients with cardiac events, H-FABP was more frequently detected than TnT (88% [24/27] versus 44% [12/27], P = .0103). There were 33 patients with positive H-FABP among 93 patients with negative TnT. Those patients had more severe New York Heart Association class, higher levels of brain natriuretic peptide, and higher rates of cardiac events (36% versus 5%, P < .0001) compared with those both H-FABP and TnT were negative. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that in patients with negative TnT, positive H-FABP group had higher risk for cardiac events than negative H-FABP group (P < .0001). A multivariate analysis with Cox proportional hazard model showed that H-FABP was the only independent predictor of cardiac events (hazard ratio 15.677, P = .0001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was larger for H-FABP than for TnT (0.779 versus 0.581; P = .009), suggesting that H-FABP had greater predictive capacity for cardiac events than TnT. CONCLUSIONS H-FABP was more sensitive to detect OMD and could identify patients at high risk more effectively than TnT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Niizeki
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
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Niizeki T, Takeishi Y, Takabatake N, Shibata Y, Konta T, Kato T, Kawata S, Kubota I. Circulating Levels of Heart-Type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein in a General Japanese Population Effects of Age, Gender and Physiologic Characteristics. Circ J 2007; 71:1452-7. [PMID: 17721027 DOI: 10.1253/circj.71.1452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) has been widely used as a marker of cardiac myocyte injury. This study was carried out to examine the relationships of H-FABP levels with age, gender, and other physiologic characteristics in a large population of community-dwelling residents. METHODS AND RESULTS Serum H-FABP levels were measured in 2,099 subjects who received an annual health check-up (age 40-87 years). The relationships between H-FABP and blood pressure, laboratory data, electrocardiogram (ECG) findings, and lifestyle factors were cross-sectionally analyzed. Mean H-FABP values were significantly higher in men than in women. Serum H-FABP levels were increased with aging significantly. Both the multivariate regression and multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that serum H-FABP levels were independently affected by age, body mass index, creatinine clearance, and ECG abnormality score. CONCLUSION Serum H-FABP levels were affected by age, gender, obesity, renal function, and ECG abnormality in a large group of volunteers. These effects should be taken into account in determining appropriate reference values for H-FABP. In addition, high serum H-FABP levels may represent latent cardiac injury and have important clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Niizeki
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
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Hirose H, Kato K, Suzuki O, Yoshida T, Oguri M, Yajima K, Hibino T, Yokoi K. Diagnostic accuracy of cardiac markers for myocardial damage after radiofrequency catheter ablation. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2006; 16:169-74. [PMID: 17103317 DOI: 10.1007/s10840-006-9034-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2006] [Accepted: 07/11/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study compares serum markers of myocardial damage incurred during radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA). METHODS AND RESULTS Blood was sampled from 34 patients with atrial flutter (n = 16), atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT; n = 13), and Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW; n = 5) to measure creatine kinase MB subfraction (CK-MB), human heart-type fatty acid protein (h-FABP), and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) values at baseline and after RFCA. The controls comprised 12 patients without significant elevation of all myocardial markers during electrophysiological study (EPS) without RFCA. h-FABP values did not elevate significantly, whereas CK-MB and cTnT demonstrated significant change after RFCA (P < 0.001). Neither peak h-FABP nor CK-MB correlated with following RFCA parameters: delivery duration, number of RFCA discharges, and cumulative RFCA energy. In contrast, correlations were significant between mean peak values of cTnT and these RFCA parameters (all P < 0.05). The sensitivity (71.6%) and specificity (35.6%) of h-FABP were inferior to those of cTnT (93.3% and 89.8%, respectively). CONCLUSION h-FABP is an insensitive and less specific marker of myocardial damage in RFCA much along the lines of CK-MB and when compared with the proven accuracy of cTnT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Hirose
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Prefectural Government TAJIMI Hospital, Tajimi, Gifu 5078522, Japan
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O'Donoghue M, de Lemos JA, Morrow DA, Murphy SA, Buros JL, Cannon CP, Sabatine MS. Prognostic utility of heart-type fatty acid binding protein in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Circulation 2006; 114:550-7. [PMID: 16880323 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.106.641936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) is a cytosolic protein that is released rapidly from the cardiomyocyte in response to myocardial injury. Although it has been investigated as an early marker of acute myocardial infarction, its prognostic utility in acute coronary syndromes has not been established. METHODS AND RESULTS We measured H-FABP in 2287 patients with acute coronary syndromes from the OPUS-TIMI 16 trial. H-FABP was elevated (> 8 ng/mL) in 332 patients (14.5%). Patients with an elevated H-FABP were more likely to suffer death (hazard ratio [HR], 4.1; 95% CI, 2.6 to 6.5), recurrent myocardial infarction (HR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.0 to 2.5), congestive heart failure (HR, 4.5; 95% CI, 2.6 to 7.8), or the composite of these end points (HR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.9 to 3.5) through the 10-month follow-up period. H-FABP predicted the risk of the composite end point both in patients who were troponin I negative (HR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.3 to 3.4) and in those who were troponin I positive (HR, 3.3; 95% CI, 2.0 to 5.3). In a Cox proportional-hazards model that adjusted for baseline variables, including demographics, clinical characteristics, creatinine clearance, ST deviation, index diagnosis, and troponin I, elevated H-FABP remained a significant predictor of the composite end point (HR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.3 to 2.7), as well as the individual end points of death (HR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.5 to 4.9) and CHF (HR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.2 to 5.0). In a multimarker approach, H-FABP, troponin I, and B-type natriuretic peptide provided complementary information. CONCLUSIONS Elevation of H-FABP is associated with an increased risk of death and major cardiac events in patients presenting across the spectrum of acute coronary syndromes and is independent of other established clinical risk predictors and biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle O'Donoghue
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 350 Longwood Ave, First Floor, Boston, Mass 02115, USA
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Morioka N, Shigematsu Y, Hamada M, Higaki J. Circulating levels of heart-type fatty acid-binding protein and its relation to thallium-201 perfusion defects in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 2005; 95:1334-7. [PMID: 15904639 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.01.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2004] [Revised: 01/20/2005] [Accepted: 01/18/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Myocyte loss and replacement fibrosis have been observed in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HC) with heart failure. This study was designed to elucidate whether heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP), a sensitive biochemical marker for myocardial damage, indicates ongoing myocardial damage in patients with HC. We studied 48 patients with HC and 17 control subjects. Patients with HC were divided into 2 groups according to the New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class: NYHA I + II (n = 40) and NYHA III + IV (n = 8). Serum H-FABP and myoglobin levels were measured, and extent score was used to assess the extent of thallium-201 perfusion defect. Serum H-FABP levels were significantly higher in patients with HC than in control subjects (3.8 +/- 1.6 vs 2.6 +/- 0.7 ng/ml, p = 0.0032). Furthermore, serum H-FABP levels were significantly higher in NYHA III + IV than in NYHA I + II (5.2 +/- 1.3 vs 3.5 +/- 1.5 ng/ml, p = 0.0043). Serum myoglobin levels showed no significant difference among the 3 groups (control, 46.6 +/- 15.0 ng/ml; NYHA I + II, 55.5 +/- 26.4 ng/ml; NYHA III + IV, 65.1 +/- 33.6 ng/ml, p = 0.2115). Extent score correlated positively with serum H-FABP levels (r = 0.420, p = 0.0026) and negatively with fractional shortening (r = -0.542, p <0.0001). Increased H-FABP levels indicate ongoing myocardial damage, which could result in clinical deterioration in patients with HC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norikatsu Morioka
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Ehime University School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This paper reviews recent advances in heart failure biomarkers for identification of disease precursors, subclinical disease, and onset or progression of overt disease. RECENT FINDINGS Heart failure biomarkers can be categorized empirically as neurohormonal mediators, markers of myocyte injury and remodeling, and indicators of systemic inflammation. Brain natriuretic peptide is the most widely studied, with a potentially important but evolving role for determining prognosis and as a surrogate endpoint in clinical trials. Strong evidence exists for use of brain natriuretic peptide in the diagnosis of acute heart failure and for improved clinical outcomes with a brain natriuretic peptide-guided approach to heart failure care. The use of brain natriuretic peptide as a screening tool for asymptomatic left ventricular systolic dysfunction, or to distinguish systolic from diastolic heart failure, is not supported by current data. Markers of myocyte injury, including troponins, heart-type fatty acid binding protein, and myosin light chain-1, may further improve heart failure prognostication in conjunction with plasma brain natriuretic peptide. Biomarkers of matrix remodeling and inflammation have emerged as potential preclinical indicators to identify individuals at risk of developing clinical heart failure. A role for cellular adhesion molecules may also emerge in identifying those at risk for cardiovascular thrombotic complications, such as stroke. SUMMARY The spectrum of heart failure biomarkers and their potential clinical applications continues to grow. Ongoing research on multimarker strategies will likely identify biomarker combinations that are optimal at various stages during the evolution of heart failure, ranging from their use for screening, diagnosis, determining prognosis, and guiding management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas S Lee
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institutes, Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702-5827, USA
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Hasegawa T, Yamaguchi M, Yoshimura N, Okita Y. The dependence of myocardial damage on age and ischemic time in pediatric cardiac surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2005; 129:192-8. [PMID: 15632842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2004.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Heart fatty acid-binding protein is a rapid indicator for assessment of myocardial damage in cardiac surgery. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of age and ischemic time on the biochemical evidence and clinical outcomes of myocardial damage in pediatric cardiac surgery. METHODS A prospective observational cohort study conducted over 2.5 years was performed in 98 consecutive patients (51 infants and 47 children) undergoing cardiac surgery for ventricular septal defects. Serial measurements of serum levels of heart fatty acid-binding protein and the respective areas under the curve were obtained, with particular reference to age and aortic crossclamp time. Assessment of clinical outcomes included inotropic support, ventilatory support, and intensive care unit stay. RESULTS There was a linear dependence of the logarithm of age and the logarithm of heart fatty acid-binding protein release(r = 0.737, P < .0001). This logarithm-logarithm plot showed a power function of age for heart fatty acid-binding protein release. The exponent and amplitude parameter of the power function was the aortic crossclamp time. Compared with children, infants had significantly more myocardial damage and worse clinical outcomes, and these factors were related to the aortic crossclamp time. CONCLUSIONS The younger the age of patients, the more vulnerable are their myocardia to injury caused by ischemia during definitive repair of congenital heart disease. Therefore, perioperative management for pediatric patients after cardiac surgery should be performed, taking into consideration the dependence of the myocardial damage on age and ischemic time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Hasegawa
- Division of Cardiovascular Thoracic, and Pediatric Surgery, Department of Cardio-pulmonary and Vascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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Hasegawa T, Yoshimura N, Oka S, Ootaki Y, Toyoda Y, Yamaguchi M. Evaluation of heart fatty acid–binding protein as a rapid indicator for assessment of myocardial damage in pediatric cardiac surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2004; 127:1697-702. [PMID: 15173726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2004.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Perioperative myocardial damage is a major determinant of postoperative cardiac dysfunction for congenital heart disease. Heart fatty acid-binding protein is reported to be a rapid marker of perioperative myocardial damage that peaks earlier than creatine kinase isoenzyme MB or cardiac troponin T in adults. The objective of this study was to assess the suitability of using serum concentrations of heart fatty acid-binding protein for evaluation of perioperative myocardial damage in pediatric cardiac surgery. METHODS After institutional review board approval and informed consent, 100 children undergoing open procedures for congenital heart disease were prospectively enrolled in the study. Mean age at operation was 4.9 +/- 0.4 years. Serum concentrations of heart fatty acid-binding protein, creatine kinase isoenzyme MB, and cardiac troponin T were measured serially before operation and at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 6 hours after aortic declamping. Relationships between serum peak level of heart fatty acid-binding protein and intraoperative and postoperative clinical variables were evaluated. RESULTS Serum heart fatty acid-binding protein reached its peak level at 1 hour after declamping in 95 patients (95%), which was significantly earlier (P <.01) than serum creatine kinase isoenzyme MB or cardiac troponin T. In addition, serum heart fatty acid-binding protein level immediately after declamping correlated strongly with serum peak heart fatty acid-binding protein level (r = 0.91, P <.01). The serum peak level of heart fatty acid-binding protein correlated with those of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (r = 0.77, P <.01) and cardiac troponin T (r = 0.80, P <.01). In the forward stepwise multiple regression analysis, age (P <.0001), aortic crossclamp time (P <.0001), the presence of a ventriculotomy (P <.001), and the lowest hematocrit level during cardiopulmonary bypass (P <.05) were significant intraoperative variables that influenced the release of heart fatty acid-binding protein. There were significant relationships between serum peak heart fatty acid-binding protein level and postoperative inotropic support, duration of intubation, and intensive care unit stay (P <.01 for each). CONCLUSIONS Heart fatty acid-binding protein is a rapid marker for assessment of myocardial damage and clinical outcome in pediatric cardiac surgery. In particular, serum heart fatty acid-binding protein level immediately after aortic declamping may be a potentially useful prognostic indicator of myocardial damage as well as clinical outcome in pediatric cardiac surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Hasegawa
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Japan
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Niu YG, Hauton D, Evans RD. Utilization of triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins by the working rat heart: routes of uptake and metabolic fates. J Physiol 2004; 558:225-37. [PMID: 15121801 PMCID: PMC1664916 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2004.061473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and chylomicrons (CMs) transport triacylglycerol (TAG) to peripheral tissues. Lipoprotein-TAG may gain access to target cells by lipoprotein lipase (LPL) hydrolysis or via receptor-mediated uptake; the principal routes of entry of VLDL and CM into heart are unknown, and different routes of entry may result in different metabolic fates. To examine this, isolated working rat hearts were perfused with rat VLDL and CMs, dual-labelled with [3H]TAG and [14C]cholesterol. Uptake and utilization of CM-TAG were significantly greater than VLDL-TAG, but both were decreased significantly (more than halved) by tetrahydrolipstatin (THL, an inhibitor of lipoprotein lipase). By contrast, uptake of VLDL-cholesterol was much higher than CM-cholesterol (P < 0.01), and suramin (a lipoprotein receptor antagonist) decreased cholesterol uptake of both forms. CM-TAG oxidation rate was more than 4-fold higher than VLDL-TAG oxidation. However, suramin decreased TAG oxidation from both VLDL and CM without affecting TAG uptake or total utilization, suggesting that the TAG gaining access through receptor-mediated pathways is preferentially 'channelled' towards oxidation. Most (79%) CM-TAG was oxidized whilst the proportion of VLDL-TAG oxidized was only about half (49%). In the presence of suramin, there was a significant increase in esterification (incorporation of assimilated [3H]TAG into myocardial tissue [3H]lipids, mainly TAG) of assimilated TAG from both VLDL and CMs, again suggesting that receptor-mediated TAG uptake is directed towards oxidation rather than esterification. The importance of this relatively small pool of TAG is indicated by the fact that cardiac mechanical function declined markedly when lipoprotein receptors were inhibited. These results suggest that CMs, most fatty acids of which gain access into cardiomyocytes through LPL-mediated hydrolysis, are the major supplier of TAG for hearts to oxidize; however, the metabolic fate of VLDL was split evenly between oxidation and deposition as myocardial tissue lipid. Most importantly, VLDL may play a regulatory role in heart lipid metabolism through a lipoprotein receptor-mediated mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Guo Niu
- Nuffield Department of Anaesthetics, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Infirmary, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK
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Schlieper G, Kim JH, Molojavyi A, Jacoby C, Laussmann T, Flögel U, Gödecke A, Schrader J. Adaptation of the myoglobin knockout mouse to hypoxic stress. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2004; 286:R786-92. [PMID: 14656764 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00043.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Myoglobin knockout (myo-/-) mice were previously reported to show no obvious phenotype but revealed several compensatory mechanisms that include increases in cardiac capillary density, coronary flow, and hemoglobin. The aim of this study was to investigate whether severe hypoxic stress can exhaust these compensatory mechanisms and whether this can be monitored on the gene and protein level. Myo-/- and wild-type (WT) mice were exposed to hypoxia (10% O2) for 2 wk. Thereafter hemodynamic parameters were investigated by invasive measurement combined with magnetic resonance imaging. Cardiac gene and protein expression were analyzed using cDNA arrays and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis plus mass spectrometry, respectively. Hematocrit levels increased from 44% (WT) and 48% (myo-/-) to 72% in both groups. Similar to WT controls, hypoxic myo-/- animals maintained stable cardiovascular function (mean arterial blood pressure 82.4 mmHg, ejection fraction 72.5%). Cardiac gene expression of hypoxic myo-/- mice differed significantly from WT controls in 17 genes (e.g., keratinocyte lipid binding protein +202%, cytochrome c oxidase Vb +41%). Interestingly, hypoxia inducible factor-1α remained unchanged in both groups. Proteome analysis revealed reduced levels of heart fatty acid-binding protein and heat shock protein 27 both in hypoxic myo-/- and WT mice. Our data thus demonstrate that myo-/- mice do not decompensate during hypoxic stress but are surprisingly well adapted. Changes in energy metabolism of fatty acids may contribute to the robustness of myoglobin-deficient mice.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptation, Physiological/genetics
- Adaptation, Physiological/physiology
- Animals
- Blood Cell Count
- DNA, Complementary/biosynthesis
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
- Gene Expression Regulation/physiology
- Hemodynamics/physiology
- Hypoxia/physiopathology
- In Situ Hybridization
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Mass Spectrometry
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Myocardium/metabolism
- Myoglobin/genetics
- Myoglobin/physiology
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
- Phenotype
- Protein Biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Stress, Physiological/physiopathology
- Ventricular Function, Left/genetics
- Ventricular Function, Left/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Schlieper
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Seino Y, Ogata KI, Takano T, Ishii JI, Hishida H, Morita H, Takeshita H, Takagi Y, Sugiyama H, Tanaka T, Kitaura Y. Use of a whole blood rapid panel test for heart-type fatty acid-binding protein in patients with acute chest pain: comparison with rapid troponin T and myoglobin tests. Am J Med 2003; 115:185-90. [PMID: 12935824 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9343(03)00325-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We sought to determine the clinical utility of a newly developed qualitative test to measure heart-type fatty acid-binding protein levels in blood for the early identification of myocardial infarction. METHODS We measured heart-type fatty acid-binding protein levels in 371 consecutive patients with acute chest pain and suspected myocardial infarction, and compared the performance of this test with those of troponin T and myoglobin tests. Levels of heart-type fatty acid-binding protein >or=6.2 ng/mL were considered as positive results. RESULTS A final diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction was made in 181 patients (49%). Of the 68 patients who presented within 2 hours of the onset of symptoms, 37 (54%) had a final diagnosis of myocardial infarction. The sensitivity of the rapid heart-type fatty acid-binding protein test was 89% (33/37), significantly higher than for troponin T (22% [8/37]; P<0.001) and myoglobin (38% [14/37]; P<0.001). However, the specificity of troponin T (94% [29/31]) was significantly better than for heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (52% [16/31]; P= 0.002) within 2 hours. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for heart-type fatty acid-binding protein levels was greater than that for myoglobin (0.72 vs. 0.61, P = 0.01) among patients who presented within 2 hours. CONCLUSION A novel whole blood rapid heart-type fatty acid-binding protein test can be useful in the early evaluation of patients who present with acute chest pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Seino
- First Department of Medicine and Coronary Care Unit, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
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Glatz JFC, Schaap FG, Binas B, Bonen A, van der Vusse GJ, Luiken JJFP. Cytoplasmic fatty acid-binding protein facilitates fatty acid utilization by skeletal muscle. ACTA PHYSIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA 2003; 178:367-71. [PMID: 12864741 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-201x.2003.01166.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The intracellular transport of long-chain fatty acids in muscle cells is facilitated to a great extent by heart-type cytoplasmic fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP). By virtue of the marked affinity of this 14.5-kDa protein for fatty acids, H-FABP dramatically increases their concentration in the aqueous cytoplasm by non-covalent binding, thereby facilitating both the transition of fatty acids from membranes to the aqueous space and their diffusional transport from membranes (e.g. sarcolemma) to other cellular compartments (e.g. mitochondria). Striking features are the relative abundance of H-FABP in muscle, especially in oxidative muscle fibres, and the modulation of the muscular H-FABP content in concert with the modulation of other proteins and enzymes involved in fatty acid handling and utilization. Newer studies with mice carrying a homozygous or heterozygous deletion of the H-FABP gene show that, in comparison with wild-type mice, hindlimb muscles from heterozygous animals have a markedly lowered (-66%) H-FABP content but unaltered palmitate uptake rate, while in hindlimb muscles from homozygous animals (no H-FABP present) palmitate uptake was reduced by 45%. These findings indicate that H-FABP is present in relative excess and plays a substantial, but merely permissive role in fatty acid uptake by skeletal muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F C Glatz
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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41
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Kiens B, Roepstorff C. Utilization of long-chain fatty acids in human skeletal muscle during exercise. ACTA PHYSIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA 2003; 178:391-6. [PMID: 12864744 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-201x.2003.01156.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) are important sources of energy in contracting skeletal muscle: during the course of endurance exercise the contribution of LCFA in energy metabolism increases whereas when the intensity of exercise increases, the energy need is covered more and more by carbohydrates. Although this has been known for nearly 100 years, the mechanisms controlling fatty acid uptake and oxidation during various exercise modes are still not completely elucidated. Besides passive diffusion, data suggest that both membrane-associated and cytosolic fatty acid binding proteins are involved in the uptake of LCFA into skeletal muscle. However, data from human studies suggest that the regulation of fatty acid utilization in skeletal muscle during exercise lies mainly within the entrance into the mitochondria or metabolism within the mitochondria. Although possible compartmentalization within the cell makes definitive conclusions difficult, available evidence suggests that changes in malonyl CoA concentration in muscle do not play a major regulatory role in controlling LCFA oxidation during exercise in man. In contrast, it is suggested that the availability of free carnitine may play a major regulatory role in oxidation of LCFA during exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kiens
- Department of Human Physiology, The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, Institute of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Kadenbach B. Intrinsic and extrinsic uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2003; 1604:77-94. [PMID: 12765765 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(03)00027-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 360] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews parameters of extrinsic uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) in mitochondria, based on induction of a proton leak across the inner membrane. The effects of classical uncouplers, fatty acids, uncoupling proteins (UCP1-UCP5) and thyroid hormones on the efficiency of OxPhos are described. Furthermore, the present knowledge on intrinsic uncoupling of cytochrome c oxidase (decrease of H(+)/e(-) stoichiometry=slip) is reviewed. Among the three proton pumps of the respiratory chain of mitochondria and bacteria, only cytochrome c oxidase is known to exhibit a slip of proton pumping. Intrinsic uncoupling was shown after chemical modification, by site-directed mutagenesis of the bacterial enzyme, at high membrane potential DeltaPsi, and in a tissue-specific manner to increase thermogenesis in heart and skeletal muscle by high ATP/ADP ratios, and in non-skeletal muscle tissues by palmitate. In addition, two mechanisms of respiratory control are described. The first occurs through the membrane potential DeltaPsi and maintains high DeltaPsi values (150-200 mV). The second occurs only in mitochondria, is suggested to keep DeltaPsi at low levels (100-150 mV) through the potential dependence of the ATP synthase and the allosteric ATP inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase at high ATP/ADP ratios, and is reversibly switched on by cAMP-dependent phosphorylation. Finally, the regulation of DeltaPsi and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mitochondria at high DeltaPsi values (150-200 mV) are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Kadenbach
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, D-35032 Marburg, Germany.
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Toyoda Y, Yamaguchi M, Yoshimura N, Oka S, Okita Y. Cardioprotective effects and the mechanisms of terminal warm blood cardioplegia in pediatric cardiac surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2003; 125:1242-51. [PMID: 12830040 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5223(02)73240-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Terminal warm blood cardioplegia has been shown to enhance myocardial protection in adult patients. However, the cardioprotective effects and the mechanisms of terminal warm blood cardioplegia in pediatric heart surgery were still unknown. METHODS One hundred three consecutive patients were prospectively randomized to one of two groups. In the control group (n = 52), myocardial protection was achieved with intermittent hyperkalemic cold blood cardioplegia and topical cardiac cooling. In the terminal warm blood cardioplegia group (n = 51), this was supplemented with terminal warm blood cardioplegia before the aorta was declamped. Arterial and coronary sinus blood samples were analyzed to determine myocardial energy metabolism and tissue injury. RESULTS There were no significant differences between the two groups in age (5.5 +/- 0.6 years in the control group vs 5.6 +/- 0.5 years in the terminal warm blood cardioplegia group), body weight (17.2 +/- 1.4 kg in the control group vs 19.8 +/- 1.7 kg in the terminal warm blood cardioplegia group), percentage of cyanotic heart diseases (50% in the control group vs 51% in the terminal warm blood cardioplegia group), number of patients who required right ventriculotomy (33% in the control group vs 39% in the terminal warm blood cardioplegia group), cardiopulmonary bypass time (194 +/- 12.1 minutes in the control group vs 177 +/- 8.6 minutes in the terminal warm blood cardioplegia group), aortic crossclamp time (83.3 +/- 5.9 minutes in the control group vs 82.3 +/- 5 minutes in the terminal warm blood cardioplegia group), lowest rectal temperature (27.4 +/- 0.3 degrees C in the control group vs 28.1 +/- 0.3 degrees C in the terminal warm blood cardioplegia group), and myocardial temperature (9.6 +/- 0.6 degrees C in the control group vs 9.6 +/- 0.7 degrees C in the terminal warm blood cardioplegia group). Spontaneous defibrillation occurred after reperfusion in 80% in the terminal warm blood cardioplegia group, which was significantly (P <.05) higher than the control group (62%). The lactate extraction rate at 60 minutes of reperfusion was significantly (P <.05) higher in the terminal warm blood cardioplegia group (9.0 +/- 2.8%) than the control group (-3.3 +/- 2.4%). The postreperfusion values of cardiac troponin T (7.4 +/- 0.6 ng/mL vs 11.2 +/- 1.0 ng/mL at 6 hours; 4.6 +/- 0.6 ng/mL vs 9.3 +/- 1.6 ng/mL at 18 hours) and heart-type fatty acid binding protein (137 +/- 28 ng/mL vs 240 +/- 30 ng/mL at 2 hours; 88 +/- 19 ng/mL vs 162 +/- 26 ng/mL at 3 hours) were significantly (P <.05 vs the control group) lower in the terminal warm blood cardioplegia group. CONCLUSION Terminal warm blood cardioplegia enhances myocardial protection in pediatric cardiac surgery by an improvement in aerobic energy metabolism and a reduction of myocardial injury or necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiya Toyoda
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Japan
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44
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Luiken JJFP, Koonen DPY, Coumans WA, Pelsers MMAL, Binas B, Bonen A, Glatz JFC. Long-chain fatty acid uptake by skeletal muscle is impaired in homozygous, but not heterozygous, heart-type-FABP null mice. Lipids 2003; 38:491-6. [PMID: 12848299 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-003-1089-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies with cardiac myocytes from homozygous heart-type fatty acid (FA)-binding protein (H-FABP) -/- mice have indicated that this intracellular receptor protein for long-chain FA is involved in the cellular uptake of these substrates. Based on the knowledge that muscle FA uptake is a process highly sensitive to regulation by hormonal and mechanical stimuli, we studied whether H-FABP would play a role in this regulation. A suitable model system to answer this question is provided by H-FABP +/- mice, because in hindlimb muscles the content of H-FABP was measured to be 34% compared to wild-type mice. In these H-FABP +/- skeletal muscles, just as in H-FABP -/- muscles, contents of FA transporters, i.e., 43-kDa FABPpm and 88-kDa FAT/CD36, were similar compared to wild-type muscles, excluding possible compensatory mechanisms at the sarcolemmal level. Palmitate uptake rates were measured in giant vesicles prepared from hindlimb muscles of H-FABP -/-, H-FABP +/-, and H-FABP +/+ mice. For comparison, giant vesicles were isolated from liver, the tissue of which expresses a distinct type of FABP (i.e., L-FABP). Whereas in H-FABP -/- skeletal muscle FA uptake was reduced by 42-45%, FA uptake by H-FABP +/- skeletal muscle was not different from that in wild-type mice. In contrast, in liver from H-FABP -/- and from H-FABP +/- mice, FA uptake was not altered compared to wild-type animals, indicating that changes in FA uptake are restricted to H-FABP expressing tissues. It is concluded that H-FABP plays an important, yet merely permissive, role in FA uptake into muscle tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J F P Luiken
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, NL-6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Setsuta K, Seino Y, Ogawa T, Arao M, Miyatake Y, Takano T. Use of cytosolic and myofibril markers in the detection of ongoing myocardial damage in patients with chronic heart failure. Am J Med 2002; 113:717-22. [PMID: 12517360 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9343(02)01394-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Measurement of serum levels of cytosolic and myofibril components of cardiac tissue could indicate ongoing myocardial damage in patients with chronic heart failure. METHODS We correlated serum levels of a cytosolic marker (heart-type fatty acid-binding protein) and a myofibril marker (troponin T) with the severity of symptoms (based on the New York Heart Association [NYHA] class), neurohumoral derangement, and subsequent cardiac events in 56 patients with chronic heart failure. RESULTS Mean (+/- SD) levels of heart-type fatty acid-binding protein were greater in patients with NYHA class III or IV heart failure (9.9 +/- 5.2 ng/mL) than in those with NYHA class II (4.9 +/- 1.9 ng/mL, P <0.0001). Detection of troponin T (> or =0.02 ng/mL) was also more common in patients with worse heart failure (81% [13/16] in class III or IV vs. 43% [17/40] in class II, P = 0.02). Significant correlations were found between heart-type fatty acid-binding protein levels and plasma levels of A-type natriuretic peptide (r = 0.45, P = 0.0004), B-type natriuretic peptide (r = 0.66, P <0.0001), and norepinephrine (r = 0.36, P = 0.006). Male sex (hazard ratio [HR] = 5.0; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.3 to 19), detectable troponin T levels (HR = 7.0; 95% CI: 1.1 to 44), heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (HR = 2.6 per 3.9-ng/mL increase; 95% CI: 1.1 to 6.5), and left ventricular ejection fraction (HR = 3.6 per 15% decrease; 95% CI: 1.2 to 11) were independently associated with subsequent cardiac events (8 deaths or 10 readmissions because of worsening heart failure). CONCLUSION Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein and troponin T are markers of ongoing myocardial damage, and are associated with subsequent cardiac events in patients with chronic heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Setsuta
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Lee I, Kadenbach B. Palmitate decreases proton pumping of liver-type cytochrome c oxidase. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 2001; 268:6329-34. [PMID: 11737187 DOI: 10.1046/j.0014-2956.2001.02602.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The H+/e- stoichiometry of reconstituted cytochrome c oxidase from bovine kidney, containing subunit VIaL (liver type), is 0.5 under standard conditions but 1.0 on addition of 1% cardiolipin to the lipid mixture (asolectin). Low concentrations of palmitate (half-maximal effect at 0.5 microm), but not laurate, myristate, stearate, oleate, 1-hexadecanol, palmitoyl glycerol and palmitoyl CoA, decreased the H+/e- ratio in the presence of cardiolipin from 1.0 to 0.5, accompanied by an increase of coupled, but not of uncoupled respiration of proteoliposomes. Cardiolipin and palmitate did not influence the H+/e- stoichiometry and respiration of reconstituted cytochrome c oxidase from bovine heart, containing subunit VIaH (heart-type). The H+/e- stoichiometry of the heart enzyme, however, is decreased from 1.0 to 0.5 by 5 mm intraliposomal ATP (instead of 5 mm ADP). It is assumed that palmitate binds to subunit VIaL. The partial uncoupling of proton pumping in cytochrome c oxidase is suggested to participate in mammalian thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Lee
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
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Abstract
Lipid contributes greatly in cardiac metabolism to produce high energy ATPs, and is suggested to be related to the progression and deterioration of heart disease. It is fortunate that the I-123-betamethyliodophenylpentadecanoic acid (BMIPP) imaging technique is now available in determining heart condition, but we must be cautious about the interpretation of images obtained with this new tracer. From the uptake of BMIPP into the cell to breakdown and catabolism of it, there exist so many critical enzymatical pathways relating to the modification of BMIPP imaging. In clinical evaluation, the image will be translated as the integral effects of these pathways. In other words, we must be aware of these critical pathways regulating lipid metabolism and modifying factors in order to correctly understand BMIPP imaging. Lipid transport is affected by the albumin/FFA ratio in the blood, and extraction with membrane transporter proteins. Fatty acid binding protein (FABP) in the cytosole will play an important role in regulating lipid flux and following metabolism. Lipid will be utilized either for oxidation, triglyceride or phospholipid formation. For oxidation, carnitine palmitoil transferase is the key enzyme for the entrance of lipid into mitochondria, and oxidative enzymes such as acyl CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD, LCAD, HAD) will determine lipid use for the TCA cycle. ATPs produced in the mitochondria again limit the TG store. It is well known that BMIPP imaging completely changes in the ischemic condition, and is also shown that lipid metabolical regulation completely differs from normal in the very early phase of cardiac hypertrophy. In the process of deteriorating heart failure, metabolical switching of lipid with glucose will take place. In such a different heart disease conditions, it is clear that lipid metabolical regulation, including many lipid enzymes, works differently from in the healthy condition. These lipid enzymes are regulated by nuclear factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) just like a conductor of an orchestra. Most of the regulating mechanisms of the PPAR are still unknown, but reduction of this nuclear factor is shown in the process of decompensated heart failure. This review is based by mostly on our fundamental and Japanese clinical data. BMIPP has been used clinically in abundant cases in Japan. In such situations, further correct information on lipid metabolism, including BMIPP, will contribute to the understanding of deteriorating heart disease and its prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Nohara
- Department of Medicine, Kitano Hospital, Tazuke Kofukai Medical Research Institute, Osaka, Japan.
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Hauton D, Bennett MJ, Evans RD. Utilisation of triacylglycerol and non-esterified fatty acid by the working rat heart: myocardial lipid substrate preference. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2001; 1533:99-109. [PMID: 11566447 DOI: 10.1016/s1388-1981(01)00146-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Utilisation and subsequent metabolic fate (oxidation; tissue lipid deposition) of non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), very-low-density lipoprotein-triacylglycerol (VLDL-TAG), and chylomicron-triacylglycerol (CM-TAG) alone or in combination by isolated working rat heart were examined. Cardiac mechanical function was maintained regardless of lipid substrate used. NEFA and CM-TAG were assimilated to a greater extent than VLDL-TAG; CM-TAG utilisation (76+/-10 nmol fatty acid/min per g wet wt.; n=8), but not VLDL-TAG utilisation (16+/-2 nmol fatty acid/min per g wet wt.; n=8), was suppressed in the presence of NEFA, but TAG (CM or VLDL) did not alter NEFA utilisation (57+/-9 nmol fatty acid/min per g wet wt.; n=8). Most (about 75%) of the lipid utilised was oxidised. In the presence of NEFA, CM-TAG deposition as tissue lipid was preserved, despite decreased CM-TAG oxidation; metabolic fate of VLDL-TAG was unaffected by NEFA. TAG (CM or VLDL) in the perfusate tended to decrease lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity; this may be a reflection of increased LPL turnover in the presence of lipoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hauton
- Nuffield Department of Anaesthetics, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Infirmary, Woodstock Road, OX2 6HE, Oxford, UK
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Widstrom RL, Norris AW, Spector AA. Binding of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathway products by heart fatty acid-binding protein. Biochemistry 2001; 40:1070-6. [PMID: 11170430 DOI: 10.1021/bi001602y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Arachidonic acid metabolism by lipoxygenases and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases produces regioisomeric hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HPETEs), hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs), epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), and dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs), which serve as components of cell signaling cascades. Intracellular fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) may differentially bind these nonprostanoid oxygenated fatty acids, thus modulating their metabolism and activities. Vascular cells, which express heart FABP (H-FABP), utilize oxygenated fatty acids for regulation of vascular tone. Therefore, the relative affinities of H-FABP for several isomeric series of these compounds were measured by fluorescent displacement of 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonic acid (ANS). In general, H-FABP rank order affinities (arachidonic acid > EETs > HETEs > DHETs) paralleled reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography retention times, indicating that the differences in H-FABP affinity were determined largely by polarity. H-FABP displayed a similar rank order of affinity for compounds derived from linoleic acid. H-FABP affinity for 20-HETE [apparent dissociation constant (K(d)') of 0.44 microM] was much greater than expected from its polarity, indicating unique binding interactions for this HETE. H-FABP affinity for 5,6-EET and 11,12-EET (K(d)' of approximately 0.4 microM) was approximately 20-fold greater than for DHETs (K(d)' of approximately 8 microM). The homologous proteins, liver FABP and intestinal FABP, also displayed selective affinity for EET versus DHET. Thus, FABP binding of EETs may facilitate their intracellular retention whereas the lack of FABP affinity for DHETs may partially explain their release from cells. The affinity of H-FABP for EETs suggests that this family of intracellular proteins may modulate the metabolism, activities, and targeting of these potent eicosanoid biomediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Widstrom
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
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Hertzel AV, Bernlohr DA. The mammalian fatty acid-binding protein multigene family: molecular and genetic insights into function. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2000; 11:175-80. [PMID: 10856918 DOI: 10.1016/s1043-2760(00)00257-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular fatty acid-binding proteins associate with fatty acids and other hydrophobic biomolecules in an internal cavity, providing for solubilization and metabolic trafficking. Analyses of their in vivo function by molecular and genetic techniques reveal specific function(s) that fatty acid-binding proteins perform with respect to fatty acid uptake, oxidation and overall metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Hertzel
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Avenue, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
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