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A concise review on bio-responsive polymers in targeted drug delivery system. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04424-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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2
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Mokhtari F, Azimi B, Salehi M, Hashemikia S, Danti S. Recent advances of polymer-based piezoelectric composites for biomedical applications. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 122:104669. [PMID: 34280866 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, electronics have become central to many aspects of biomedicine and wearable device technologies as a promising personalized healthcare platform. Lead-free piezoelectric materials for converting mechanical into electrical energy through piezoelectric transduction are of significant value in a diverse range of technological applications. Organic piezoelectric biomaterials have attracted widespread attention as the functional materials in the biomedical devices due to their advantages of excellent biocompatibility. They include synthetic and biological polymers. Many biopolymers have been discovered to possess piezoelectricity in an appreciable amount, however their investigation is still preliminary. Due to their piezoelectric properties, better known synthetic fluorinated polymers have been intensively investigated and applied in biomedical applications including controlled drug delivery systems, tissue engineering, microfluidic and artificial muscle actuators, among others. Piezoelectric polymers, especially poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and its copolymers are increasingly receiving interest as smart biomaterials due to their ability to convert physiological movements to electrical signals when in a controllable and reproducible manner. Despite possessing the greatest piezoelectric coefficients among all piezoelectric polymers, it is often desirable to increase the electrical outputs. The most promising routes toward significant improvements in the piezoelectric response and energy-harvesting performance of such materials is loading them with various inorganic nanofillers and/or applying some modification during the fabrication process. This paper offers a comprehensive review of the principles, properties, and applications of organic piezoelectric biomaterials (polymers and polymer/ceramic composites) with special attention on PVDF-based polymers and their composites in sensors, drug delivery and tissue engineering. Subsequently focuses on the most common fabrication routes to produce piezoelectric scaffolds, tissue and sensors which is electrospinning process. Promising upcoming strategies and new piezoelectric materials and fabrication techniques for these applications are presented to enable a future integration among these applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mokhtari
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong NSW, Australia
| | - Bahareh Azimi
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Department. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Maryam Salehi
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Samaneh Hashemikia
- Faculty of Textile Engineering, Urmia University of Technology, Urmia, Iran
| | - Serena Danti
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Department. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Rudko M, Urbaniak T, Musiał W. Recent Developments in Ion-Sensitive Systems for Pharmaceutical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1641. [PMID: 34070206 PMCID: PMC8158499 DOI: 10.3390/polym13101641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive carriers of pharmaceutical agents have been extensively researched in recent decades due to the possibility of distinctively precise targeted drug delivery. One of the potentially beneficial strategies is based on the response of the medical device to changes in the ionic environment. Fluctuations in ionic strength and ionic composition associated with pathological processes may provide triggers sufficient to induce an advantageous carrier response. This review is focused on recent developments and novel strategies in the design of ion-responsive drug delivery systems. A variety of structures i.e., polymeric matrices, lipid carriers, nucleoside constructs, and metal-organic frameworks, were included in the scope of the summary. Recently proposed strategies aim to induce different pharmaceutically beneficial effects: localized drug release in the desired manner, mucoadhesive properties, increased residence time, or diagnostic signal emission. The current state of development of ion-sensitive drug delivery systems enabled the marketing of some responsive topical formulations. Concurrently, ongoing research is focused on more selective and complex systems for different administration routes. The potential benefits in therapeutic efficacy and safety associated with the employment of multi-responsive systems will prospectively result in further research and applicable solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Witold Musiał
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Biophysics, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.R.); (T.U.)
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Kang M, Oderinde O, Han X, Fu G, Zhang Z. Development of oxidized hydroxyethyl cellulose-based hydrogel enabling unique mechanical, transparent and photochromic properties for contact lenses. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:1162-1173. [PMID: 33971231 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
With the development of smart devices, higher requirements are put forward for the stimuli-responsive materials. Stimuli-hydrogels as one kind of stimuli-responsive materials with hydrophilicity, demonstrate huge potential in developing intelligent devices for biomedical application. On this basis, we herein report that a sample method was devised to develop a novel composite hydrogel mainly based on oxidized hydroxyethyl cellulose and allyl co-polymer. Subsequently, a series of tests toward this oxidized hydroxyethyl cellulose-based hydrogel due to its structure and performance was applied. Here, the oxidized hydroxyethyl cellulose molecular chains were used as biomacromolecule templates to form Schiff base, borate and hydrogen bonds to obtain unique mechanical properties (fast recovery with almost no-hysteresis and remarkable compressive capacity), while a double bond functionalized spirooxazine (allyl spirooxazine derivative) was applied to endow photo- and pH sensitivity to the oxidized hydroxyethyl cellulose-based transparent hydrogel (T% = 93%) substrate. Furthermore, the oxidized hydroxyethyl cellulose-based hydrogel did exhibit good pH environment adaptability and noncytotoxicity in vitro test. Based on the advanced characteristics, the designed oxidized hydroxyethyl cellulose-based hydrogel has potential applications prospect in the development of safe, fashionable and pH- detectable contact lenses, thereby providing a new strategy for the development of smart, stylish contact lenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Kang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Normal University, No. 46, East of Construction Road, Xinxiang 453007, Henan Province, China
| | - Olayinka Oderinde
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211189, China
| | - Xuelian Han
- Hydron Contact Lens Co., Ltd, Danyang, Jiangsu 212331, China
| | - Guodong Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211189, China.
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 166, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450002, China.
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5
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Geremia KL, Seybold PG. Computational estimation of the acidities of purines and indoles. J Mol Model 2019; 25:12. [PMID: 30607649 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-018-3892-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Purines and related compounds are central ingredients in the genetic code and form the structural framework for many drugs and other bioactive compounds. A key feature of these compounds is their acidity, as expressed by their pKa values. For a proper understanding of the behaviors of these compounds, it is important to have a theoretical means for estimating their acidities. Here we present a quantum-chemical quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) study of these compounds aimed at estimating the aqueous pKa values of purines and related compounds based on the energy differences in solution ΔE(H2O) between the parent compounds and their dissociation products. This method was applied to both the cation → neutral (pKa1) and neutral → anion (pKa2) dissociations of the compounds. Computations were performed using density functional theory at the B3LYP/6-31 + G** level with the SM8 aqueous solvent model. Good-quality QSAR regression equations were obtained for both dissociations using the ΔE(H2O) descriptor. These equations were applied to estimate missing pKa values for compounds in this category, and should also be applicable to the acidities of other related heterocyclic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara L Geremia
- Department of Chemistry, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA
| | - Paul G Seybold
- Department of Chemistry, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA.
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6
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Dübner M, Naoum ME, Spencer ND, Padeste C. From pH- to Light-Response: Postpolymerization Modification of Polymer Brushes Grafted onto Microporous Polymeric Membranes. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:455-461. [PMID: 31457450 PMCID: PMC6641005 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.6b00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A microporous pH- and light-responsive membrane that enables remote control over its interfacial properties has been fabricated. pH-Responsiveness was imparted to a porous polypropylene film via grafting of poly(methacrylic acid) brushes from the substrate using argon-plasma-induced free-radical graft polymerization. Morphological changes as a function of grafting level were analyzed using atomic force microscopy. Conversion into a light-responsive membrane was performed via postpolymerization modification to covalently attach photochromic spiropyran moieties to the grafted polymer brushes. Reversible switches in wettability and permeability were determined upon changing from acidic to basic pH or upon alternating UV- and visible-light irradiation. Additionally, light-responsive membranes show a switch in color upon UV exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Dübner
- Laboratory
for Micro- and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer
Institute (PSI), ODRA/105, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Maria-Eleni Naoum
- Laboratory
for Micro- and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer
Institute (PSI), ODRA/105, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas D. Spencer
- Laboratory
for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Celestino Padeste
- Laboratory
for Micro- and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer
Institute (PSI), ODRA/105, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
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Wang J, Kaplan JA, Colson YL, Grinstaff MW. Mechanoresponsive materials for drug delivery: Harnessing forces for controlled release. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 108:68-82. [PMID: 27856307 PMCID: PMC5285479 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mechanically-activated delivery systems harness existing physiological and/or externally-applied forces to provide spatiotemporal control over the release of active agents. Current strategies to deliver therapeutic proteins and drugs use three types of mechanical stimuli: compression, tension, and shear. Based on the intended application, each stimulus requires specific material selection, in terms of substrate composition and size (e.g., macrostructured materials and nanomaterials), for optimal in vitro and in vivo performance. For example, compressive systems typically utilize hydrogels or elastomeric substrates that respond to and withstand cyclic compressive loading, whereas, tension-responsive systems use composites to compartmentalize payloads. Finally, shear-activated systems are based on nanoassemblies or microaggregates that respond to physiological or externally-applied shear stresses. In order to provide a comprehensive assessment of current research on mechanoresponsive drug delivery, the mechanical stimuli intrinsically present in the human body are first discussed, along with the mechanical forces typically applied during medical device interventions, followed by in-depth descriptions of compression, tension, and shear-mediated drug delivery devices. We conclude by summarizing the progress of current research aimed at integrating mechanoresponsive elements within these devices, identifying additional clinical opportunities for mechanically-activated systems, and discussing future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Jonah A Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Yolonda L Colson
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Mark W Grinstaff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States; Department of Chemistry, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States; Department of Medicine, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, United States.
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8
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Bai S, Zhang H, Sun J, Han J, Guo Y. Preparation and pH-responsive performance of silane-modified poly(methylacrylic acid). J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Bai
- College of Environmental and Energy Engineering; Beijing University of Technology; Beijing 100124 People's Republic of China
| | - Huang Zhang
- College of Environmental and Energy Engineering; Beijing University of Technology; Beijing 100124 People's Republic of China
| | - Jihong Sun
- College of Environmental and Energy Engineering; Beijing University of Technology; Beijing 100124 People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Han
- College of Environmental and Energy Engineering; Beijing University of Technology; Beijing 100124 People's Republic of China
| | - Yueyue Guo
- College of Environmental and Energy Engineering; Beijing University of Technology; Beijing 100124 People's Republic of China
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9
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Water-soluble drug partitioning and adsorption in HEMA/MAA hydrogels. Biomaterials 2014; 35:620-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.09.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Dadsetan M, Taylor KE, Yong C, Bajzer Ž, Lu L, Yaszemski MJ. Controlled release of doxorubicin from pH-responsive microgels. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:5438-46. [PMID: 23022545 PMCID: PMC3970914 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Revised: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive hydrogels have enormous potential in drug delivery applications. They can be used for site-specific drug delivery due to environmental variables in the body such as pH and temperature. In this study, we have developed pH-responsive microgels for the delivery of doxorubicin (DOX) in order to optimize its anti-tumor activity while minimizing its systemic toxicity. We used a copolymer of oligo(polyethylene glycol) fumarate (OPF) and sodium methacrylate (SMA) to fabricate the pH-responsive microgels. We demonstrated that the microgels were negatively charged, and the amounts of charge on the microgels were correlated with the SMA concentration in their formulation. The resulting microgels exhibited sensitivity to the pH and ionic strength of the surrounding environment. We demonstrated that DOX was efficiently loaded into the microgels and released in a controlled fashion via an ion-exchange mechanism. Our data revealed that the DOX release was influenced by the pH and ionic strength of the solution. Moreover, we designed a phenomenological mathematical model, based on a stretched exponential function, to quantitatively analyze the cumulative release of DOX. We found a linear correlation between the maximum release of DOX calculated from the model and the SMA concentration in the microgel formulation. The anti-tumor activity of the released DOX was assessed using a human chordoma cell line. Our data revealed that OPF-SMA microgels prolonged the cell killing effect of DOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahrokh Dadsetan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - K. Efua Taylor
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Chun Yong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Željko Bajzer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Lichun Lu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Michael J. Yaszemski
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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11
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Wang XQ, Zhang Q. pH-sensitive polymeric nanoparticles to improve oral bioavailability of peptide/protein drugs and poorly water-soluble drugs. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2012; 82:219-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Revised: 07/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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12
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Stimuli-responsive magnetic particles for biomedical applications. Int J Pharm 2011; 403:139-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 355] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2010] [Revised: 09/29/2010] [Accepted: 10/07/2010] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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13
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Balamurali V, Pramodkuma T, Srujana N, Venkatesh M, Gupta NV, Krishna K, Gangadhara H. pH Sensitive Drug Delivery Systems: A Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.3923/ajdd.2011.24.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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14
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You JO, Almeda D, Ye GJC, Auguste DT. Bioresponsive matrices in drug delivery. J Biol Eng 2010; 4:15. [PMID: 21114841 PMCID: PMC3002303 DOI: 10.1186/1754-1611-4-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
For years, the field of drug delivery has focused on (1) controlling the release of a therapeutic and (2) targeting the therapeutic to a specific cell type. These research endeavors have concentrated mainly on the development of new degradable polymers and molecule-labeled drug delivery vehicles. Recent interest in biomaterials that respond to their environment have opened new methods to trigger the release of drugs and localize the therapeutic within a particular site. These novel biomaterials, usually termed "smart" or "intelligent", are able to deliver a therapeutic agent based on either environmental cues or a remote stimulus. Stimuli-responsive materials could potentially elicit a therapeutically effective dose without adverse side effects. Polymers responding to different stimuli, such as pH, light, temperature, ultrasound, magnetism, or biomolecules have been investigated as potential drug delivery vehicles. This review describes the most recent advances in "smart" drug delivery systems that respond to one or multiple stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Oh You
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Dariela Almeda
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - George JC Ye
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Debra T Auguste
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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Hu K, Dickson JM. In vitro investigation of potential application of pH-sensitive poly(vinylidene fluoride)–poly(acrylic acid) pore-filled membranes for controlled drug release in ruminant animals. J Memb Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2009.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Deng B, Yang X, Xie L, Li J, Hou Z, Yao S, Liang G, Sheng K, Huang Q. Microfiltration membranes with pH dependent property prepared from poly(methacrylic acid) grafted polyethersulfone powder. J Memb Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2009.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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17
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Yang J, Li DW, Lin YK, Wang XL, Tian F, Wang Z. Formation of a bicontinuous structure membrane of polyvinylidene fluoride in diphenyl ketone diluent via thermally induced phase separation. J Appl Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/app.28606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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18
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Grassi M. Membranes in Drug Delivery. HANDBOOK OF MEMBRANE SEPARATIONS 2008:427-471. [DOI: 10.1201/9781420009484.ch15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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19
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Deng B, Li J, Hou Z, Yao S, Shi L, Liang G, Sheng K. Microfiltration membranes prepared from polyethersulfone powder grafted with acrylic acid by simultaneous irradiation and their pH dependence. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2008.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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You JO, Auguste DT. Feedback-regulated paclitaxel delivery based on poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate-co-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) nanoparticles. Biomaterials 2008; 29:1950-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2007] [Accepted: 12/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Traitel T, Kost J. pH-Responsive Hydrogels: Swelling Model. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2004; 553:29-43. [PMID: 15503445 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-306-48584-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Traitel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
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Ramírez P, Alcaraz A, Mafé S, Pellicer J. Donnan Equilibrium of Ionic Drugs in pH-Dependent Fixed Charge Membranes: Theoretical Modeling. J Colloid Interface Sci 2002; 253:171-9. [PMID: 16290843 DOI: 10.1006/jcis.2002.8508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2001] [Accepted: 05/22/2002] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We have studied theoretically the partition equilibrium of a cationic drug between an electrolyte solution and a membrane with pH-dependent fixed charges using an extended Donnan formalism. The aqueous solution within the fixed charge membrane is assumed to be in equilibrium with an external aqueous solution containing six ionic species: the cationic drug (DH(+)), the salt cations (Na(+) and Ca(2+)), the salt anion (Cl(-)), and the hydrogen and hydroxide ions. In addition to these mobile species, the membrane solution may also contain four fixed species attached to the membrane chains: strongly acid sulfonic groups (SO(3)(-)), weakly acid carboxylic groups in dissociated (COO(-)) and neutral (COOH) forms, and positively charged groups (COO...Ca(+)) resulting from Ca(2+) binding to dissociated weakly acid groups. The ionization state of the weak electrolyte groups attached to the membrane chains is analyzed as a function of the local pH, salt concentration, and drug concentration in the membrane solution, and particular attention is paid to the effects of the Ca(2+) binding to the negatively charged membrane fixed groups. The lipophilicity of the drug is simulated by the chemical partition coefficient between the membrane and external solutions giving the tendency of the drug to enter the membrane solution due to hydrophobic interactions. Comparison of the theoretical results with available experimental data allows us to explain qualitatively the effects that the pH, salt concentration, drug concentration, membrane fixed charge concentration, and Ca(2+) binding exert on the ionic drug equilibrium. The role of the interfacial (Donnan) electric potential difference between the membrane and the external solutions on this ionic drug equilibrium is emphasized throughout the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricio Ramírez
- Departament de Física Aplicada, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, València, E-46022, Spain
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Risbud MV, Hardikar AA, Bhat SV, Bhonde RR. pH-sensitive freeze-dried chitosan-polyvinyl pyrrolidone hydrogels as controlled release system for antibiotic delivery. J Control Release 2000; 68:23-30. [PMID: 10884576 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-3659(00)00208-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 367] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a pH-sensitive chitosan/polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) based controlled drug release system for antibiotic delivery. The hydrogels were synthesised by crosslinking chitosan and PVP blend with glutaraldehyde to form a semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN). The semi-IPN formation was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) analysis. Semi-IPNs, viz, air-dried and freeze-dried, were compared for their surface morphology, wettability, swelling properties and pH-dependent swelling. Air- and freeze-dried membranes were also incorporated with amoxicillin and antibiotic release was studied. Porous freeze-dried hydrogels (pore diameter, 39.20+/-2.66 microm) exhibited superior pH-dependent swelling properties over non-porous air-dried hydrogels. A high octane contact angle (144.20+/-0.580) of hydrogel was indicative of its hydrophilic nature. Increased swelling of hydrogels, under acidic conditions, was due to the protonation of a primary amino group on chitosan, as confirmed by FTIR analysis. Freeze-dried membranes released around 73% of the amoxicillin (33% by air-dried) in 3 h at pH 1.0 and, thus, had superior drug-release properties to air-dried hydrogels. Freeze-dried membranes could serve as potent candidates for antibiotic delivery in an acidic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Risbud
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, 400 076, Mumbai, India
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Jaskari T, Vuorio M, Kontturi K, Urtti A, Manzanares JA, Hirvonen J. Controlled transdermal iontophoresis by ion-exchange fiber. J Control Release 2000; 67:179-90. [PMID: 10825552 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-3659(00)00204-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the transdermal delivery of drugs using iontophoresis with cation- and anion-exchange fibers as controlled drug delivery vehicles. Complexation of charged model drugs with the ion-exchange fibers was studied as a method to achieve controlled transdermal drug delivery. Drug release from the cation-exchange fiber into a physiological saline was dependent on the lipophilicity of the drug. The release rates of lipophilic tacrine and propranolol were significantly slower than that of hydrophilic nadolol. Permeation of tacrine across the skin was directly related to the iontophoretic current density and drug concentration used. Anion-exchange fiber was tested with anionic sodium salicylate. The iontophoretic flux enhancement of sodium salicylate from the fiber was substantial. As the drug has to be released from the ion-exchange fiber before permeating across the skin, a clear reduction in the drug fluxes from the cationic and anionic fibers were observed compared to the respective fluxes of the drugs in solution. Overall, the ion-exchange fibers act as a drug reservoir, controlling the release and iontophoretic transdermal delivery of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Jaskari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Kuopio, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
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26
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Tarvainen T, Nevalainen T, Sundell A, Svarfvar B, Hyrsylä J, Paronen P, Järvinen K. Drug release from poly(acrylic acid) grafted poly(vinylidene fluoride) membrane bags in the gastrointestinal tract in the rat and dog. J Control Release 2000; 66:19-26. [PMID: 10708875 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-3659(99)00254-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Stomach-specific drug delivery systems would be of value in treating diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract. The present study measured in vitro and in vivo drug release from pH-sensitive membrane bags, constructed of poly(acrylic acid) grafted onto a poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PAA-PVDF) membrane, which might be suitable for stomach-specific drug delivery. The used model drugs were propranolol-HCl (1.0 mg) and FITC-dextran MW 4400 (1.0 mg). Drug release in vivo was studied by inserting membrane bags into the stomach and proximal duodenum of anesthetized rats and dogs. At 30 and 180 min, the bags were removed from the lumens and residual drug content was determined. The release of either propranolol or FITC-dextran were comparable in both stomach and duodenum, showing that in vivo drug release did not depend on environmental pH. In vitro results suggested that these results could be explained by interactions between PAA and the mucous layers of the stomach and duodenum.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tarvainen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Kuopio, PO Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
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27
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Ramkissoon-Ganorkar C, Baudys M, Kim SW. Effect of ionic strength on the loading efficiency of model polypeptide/protein drugs in pH-/temperature-sensitive polymers. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2000; 11:45-54. [PMID: 10680607 DOI: 10.1163/156856200743481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this report, the effect of ionic strength on the loading efficiency of three model polypeptide/protein drugs, namely angiotensin II, insulin, and cytochrome c, in pH- and temperature-sensitive terpolymers of poly(NIPAAm-co-butylmethacrylate-co-acrylic acid) (poly(NIPAAm-co-BMA-co-AA)) has been investigated. Loading efficiency of polypeptides in pH-/temperature-sensitive beads composed of poly(NIPAAm-co-BMA-co-AA) terpolymer is predominantly governed by hydrophobic interactions, both nonspecific surface interactions and/or specific interactions (binding pockets) between the protein and the polymer molecules. Thus, loading efficiency increases with ionic strength. However, as ionic strength increases further, polymer deswelling (collapse), which is also controlled by hydrophobic forces, becomes more pronounced, and consequently, a higher fraction of water is squeezed out during bead formation and the loading efficiency starts to decrease.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ramkissoon-Ganorkar
- University of Utah, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry/Center for Conrtrolled Chemical Delivery, Salt Lake City 84112, USA
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28
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Tarvainen T, Svarfvar B, Sääskilahti M, Urtii A, Paronen P, Järvinen K. Drug release from cation exchange membrane in rabbit eye. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 1999; 15:497-504. [PMID: 10609772 DOI: 10.1089/jop.1999.15.497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cations were adsorbed onto a poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) grafted poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membrane that served as a cation exchange membrane. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ionic strength of the adsorption medium on cation release from the PAA-PVDF membrane in the eye. Model cations, propranolol and timolol, were adsorbed onto the membranes in solutions with different ionic strengths (micron = 0.018 - 0.40) at pH 7.0. The circular drug-containing membranes were applied to both eyes of pigmented rabbits in the lower conjunctival sac. The membranes were well tolerated and well retained in the rabbit eye. Membranes containing either propranolol or timolol were removed from the eyes at preset time intervals, and the remaining drug content in the membranes was determined. The release rates of both propranolol and timolol decreased with increasing ionic strength of the adsorption medium. This was probably due to cationic exchange properties, as well as swelling properties of the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tarvainen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Kuopio, Finland
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29
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Akerman S, Akerman K, Karppi J, Koivu P, Sundell A, Paronen P, Järvinen K. Adsorption of drugs onto a poly(acrylic acid) grafted cation-exchange membrane. Eur J Pharm Sci 1999; 9:137-43. [PMID: 10620726 DOI: 10.1016/s0928-0987(99)00055-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The influence of pH, ionic strength and the concentration of albumin in the adsorption medium as well as the charge and lipophilicity of a model drug on their adsorption onto poly(acrylic acid) grafted poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PAA-PVDF) membranes was evaluated. The PAA-PVDF membrane is a responsive porous polymer membrane that we have studied for controlled drug delivery. Sodium salicylate (anionic), flunitrazepam (neutral), primidone (neutral), desipramine (cationic) and thioridazine (cationic) were used as model drugs. The extent of drug adsorption was dependent on pH. Drug adsorption was enhanced by the dissociation of the grafted PAA chains and by a positive charge and a high lipophilicity of the drug. Increasing the ionic strength of the medium retarded the adsorption of the cationic drugs. Interestingly, the present results showing that drugs are adsorbed onto the membrane while albumin is not adsorbed onto the membrane suggest that the PAA-PVDF membrane may be suitable for separating drugs from proteinaceous substances for subsequent monitoring and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Akerman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Kuopio, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland
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Tarvainen T, Svarfvar B, Akerman S, Savolainen J, Karhu M, Paronen P, Järvinen K. Drug release from a porous ion-exchange membrane in vitro. Biomaterials 1999; 20:2177-83. [PMID: 10555086 DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(99)00122-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The effect of environmental ionic strength on the rate of drug release from a cation exchange membrane was evaluated. Cationic propranolol-HCl, timolol, sotalol-HCl, atenolol and dexmedetomidine-HCl and neutral diazepam were adsorbed onto a porous poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membrane that was grafted with bioadhesive poly(acrylic acid) chains (PAA-PVDF). Despite its porosity, the PAA-PVDF membrane acted as a cation exchange membrane. The release of adsorbed drug from the PAA-PVDF membrane was investigated by using a USP rotating basket apparatus. Adsorption of cationic drugs onto the PAA-PVDF membrane tended to increase with increasing lipophilicity of the drug. A decrease in the ionic strength of the adsorption medium increased the amount of the cationic drugs adsorbed onto the membrane, but had no effect on diazepam adsorption. The release of cationic drugs from the PAA-PVDF membrane was greatly affected by the ionic strength of both the adsorption medium and the dissolution medium, while ionic strengths did not affect diazepam release. Our results suggest that the ionic strength of both the adsorption and dissolution media substantially affects the release rate of a drug that has been adsorbed onto the ion exchange membrane, primarily via electrostatic interactions, while ionic strength has no effect on the release of a drug which has been adsorbed onto the membrane via non-electrostatic forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tarvainen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Kuopio, Finland.
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Akerman S, Svarfvar B, Kontturi K, Näsman J, Urtti A, Paronen P, Järvinen K. Influence of ionic strength on drug adsorption onto and release from a poly(acrylic acid) grafted poly(vinylidene fluoride) membrane. Int J Pharm 1999; 178:67-75. [PMID: 10205626 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5173(98)00362-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ion exchange resins have several applications in pharmacy for controlled or sustained release of drugs. In the present study, effects of the ionic strengths of adsorption medium and dissolution medium on drug adsorption onto and release from a acrylic acid grafted poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PAA-PVDF) were studied. Despite their porosity, PAA-PVDF membranes act reasonable well as cation exchange membranes. It was observed, that ionic strength of adsorption medium, degree of grafting and concentration of propranolol-HCl in adsorption medium affect propranolol-HCl adsorption onto the membrane. The fluxes of smaller molecules (MW < 500) across the membrane decreased with ionic strength of buffer solution, whereas the fluxes of the large molecules (FITC-dextran, MW 4400) increased with ionic strength. Release rate of adsorbed propranolol-HCl from the membrane into phosphate buffer was greatly affected by ionic strength of adsorption medium. These results can be explained by a cation exchange process between membrane and cations present in the buffer solution and swelling behavior of the grafted PAA chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Akerman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Kuopio, Finland
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