1
|
Hettiarachchi E, Grassian VH. Heterogeneous Reactions of Phenol on Different Components of Mineral Dust Aerosol: Formation of Oxidized Organic and Nitro-Phenolic Compounds. ACS ES&T AIR 2024; 1:259-272. [PMID: 38633204 PMCID: PMC11019555 DOI: 10.1021/acsestair.3c00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Phenol, a common semi-volatile compound associated with different emissions including from plants and biomass burning, as well as anthropogenic emissions and its derivatives, are important components of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs). Gas and aqueous phase reactions of phenol, in the presence of photochemical drivers, are fairly well understood. However, despite observations showing aromatic content within SOA size and mass increases during dust episodes, the heterogeneous reactions of phenol with mineral dusts are poorly understood. In the current study, surface reactions of phenol at the gas/solid interface with different components of mineral dust including SiO2, α-Fe2O3, and TiO2 have been investigated. Whereas reversible surface adsorption of phenol occurs on SiO2 surfaces, for both α-Fe2O3 and TiO2 surfaces, phenol reacts to form a wide range of OH substituted aromatic products. For α-Fe2O3 surfaces that have been nitrated by gas-phase reactions of nitric acid prior to exposure to phenol, unique compounds form on the surface including nitro-phenolic compounds. Moreover, additional surface chemistry was observed when adsorbed nitro-phenolic products were exposed to gas-phase SO2 as a result of the formation of adsorbed nitrite from nitrate redox chemistry with adsorbed SO2. Overall, this study reveals the extensive chemistry as well as the complexity of reactions of prevalent organic compounds leading to the formation of SOA on mineral surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eshani Hettiarachchi
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California San
Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Vicki H. Grassian
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California San
Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sturtz M, House C. Metal Catalysis Acting on Nitriles in Early Earth Hydrothermal Systems. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1524. [PMID: 37511899 PMCID: PMC10381589 DOI: 10.3390/life13071524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrothermal systems are areas in which heated fluids and organic molecules rush through basaltic material rich in metals and minerals. By studying malononitrile and acetonitrile, we examine the effects of metal and mineral nanoparticles on nitrile compounds in anoxic, hydrothermal conditions representing a prebiotic environment of early Earth. Polymerization, reduction, cyclization, and a phenomenon colloquially known as 'chemical gardening' (structure building via reprecipitation of metal compounds or complexing with organics) are all potential outcomes with the addition of metals and minerals. Reduction occurs with the addition of rhodium (Rh) or iron (II) sulfide (FeS), with positive identification of ethanol and ethylamine forming from acetonitrile reduction. We find that polymerization and insoluble product formation were associated with oxide minerals, metallic nickel (Ni), and metallic cobalt (Co) acting as catalysts. Oxide minerals strongly promoted polymerization into insoluble, tar-like products of nitriles. FeS, iron-nickel alloy (FeNi), and rhodium are unique cases that appear to act as reagents by actively participating in chemical gardening without returning to their initial state. Further, FeS tentatively had a phase change into the mineral parabutlerite. This research aims to identify metals and metal minerals that could best serve nitrile catalysis and reactions on early Earth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miranda Sturtz
- Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, 116 Deike Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Christopher House
- Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, 116 Deike Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Iannarelli R, Ludwig C, Rossi MJ. The Kinetics of Adsorption and Desorption of Selected Semivolatile Hydrocarbons and H 2O Vapor on Two Mineral Dust Materials: A Molecular View. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:8711-8726. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c04903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Iannarelli
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Risk Prevention, EPFL VPO-SE OHS-PR, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christian Ludwig
- Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), ENE LBK CPM, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ENAC IIE GR-LUD, Station 6, CH B2 397, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel J. Rossi
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ENAC IIE GR-LUD, Station 6, CH B2 397, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu P, Kong Y, Liang X, Liao Y, Li T, Tan D, Zhu R, Fu M, Suib SL, Ye D. Effect of iron substitution in cryptomelane on the heterogeneous reaction with isoprene. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 437:129293. [PMID: 35724618 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biogenic isoprene is an important pollutant for regional air quality. Being ubiquitously distributed on the earth surface, manganese (hydr)oxides should play a vital role in the transformation of isoprene. Cryptomelane is a typical manganese oxide with isomorphous substitution of Fe for Mn, but less attention has been paid to its heterogeneous reaction with isoprene. When Fe3+ replaces Mn3+, K+ is depleted and Mn3+ is oxidized to Mn4+. In contrast, oxygen vacancies are formed when Fe3+ substitutes Mn4+. Fe substitution creates weak crystallites and abundant mesopores, resulting in the increase of isoprene adsorption. As found by theoretical calculations, the Mn4+-O2- bonds at the cross sections of the tunnels is more active than that on the outer wall of the tunnels. After the adsorption of isoprene, bridging carboxylate species and hydrogen-bonding water are produced and the surface octahedra are distorted, i.e., Mn4+O6 → Mn3+O6-δ. As the heat facilitates the breakage of Mn4+-O2-, the increase of environmental temperature enhances the oxidation of isoprene. The above findings shed light on the effect of Fe substitution in cryptomelane to enhance the oxidation of isoprene, and illustrates that heterogeneous reaction with isoprene impairs the transformation of other environmental substances on cryptomelane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yilian Kong
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xiaoliang Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
| | - Yuxi Liao
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Tan Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Daoyong Tan
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Runliang Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Mingli Fu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Steven L Suib
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Daiqi Ye
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Baruah SD, Deka RC, Gour NK, Paul S. Atmospheric insight into the reaction mechanism and kinetics of isopropenyl methyl ether (i-PME) initiated by OH radicals and subsequent oxidation of product radicals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:45646-45662. [PMID: 33876365 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13928-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Studies on primary gas-phase reactions of emitted saturated and unsaturated ethers with oxidants and subsequent secondary reactions of product radicals with O2 in the presence of NO are important in their atmospheric chemical processes. To accomplish these findings, we have examined the chemistry of OH-initiated oxidation of isopropenyl methyl ether (i-PME) CH3C(CH2)OCH3 by electronic structure ca using density functional theory. Our energetic calculations show that OH additions to carbon-carbon double bonds of i-PME are more favorable reaction pathways than H-abstraction reactions from the various CH sites of the titled molecule. The rate constant values which are obtained from the transition state theory also signify that OH-addition reactions have faster reaction rates than H-abstraction reactions. Our calculated total rate constant of the reaction is found 9.90 × 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1. The percentage branching ratio calculations imply that OH-addition reactions have 98.09% contribution in the total rate constant. The atmospheric lifetime of i-PME is found to be 2.8 h. Further, we have identified 2-hydroxy-2-methoxypropanol, methyl acetate, methy-1,2-hydroxyacetate and 1-hydroxypropane-2-one, 1,2-dihydroxypropan-2-yl format, 2-hydroxyacetic acid, acetic acid, and formaldehyde from the secondary oxidation of product radicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satyajit Dey Baruah
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, 784028, India
| | - Ramesh Chandra Deka
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, 784028, India
| | - Nand Kishor Gour
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, 784028, India.
| | - Subrata Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, 788011, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ji Y, Chen X, Xiao Y, Ji Y, Zhang W, Wang J, Chen J, Li G, An T. Assessing the role of mineral particles in the atmospheric photooxidation of typical carbonyl compound. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 105:56-63. [PMID: 34130839 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mineral particles are ubiquitous in the atmosphere and exhibit an important effect on the photooxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). However, the role of mineral particles in the photochemical oxidation mechanism of VOCs remains unclear. Hence, the photooxidation reactions of acrolein (ARL) with OH radical (OH) in the presence and absence of SiO2 were investigated by theoretical approach. The gas-phase reaction without SiO2 has two distinct pathways (H-abstraction and OH-addition pathways), and carbonyl-H-abstraction is the dominant pathway. In the presence of SiO2, the reaction mechanism is changed, i.e., the dominant pathway from carbonyl-H-abstraction to OH-addition to carbonyl C-atom. The energy barrier of OH-addition to carbonyl C-atom deceases 21.33 kcal/mol when SiO2 is added. Carbonyl H-atom of ARL is occupied by SiO2 via hydrogen bond, and carbonyl C-atom is activated by SiO2. Hence, the main product changes from H-abstraction product to OH-adduct in the presence of SiO2. The OH-adduct exhibits a thermodynamic feasibility to yield HO2 radical and carboxylic acid via the subsequent reactions with O2, with implications for O3 formation and surface acidity of mineral particles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongpeng Ji
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xingyu Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuqi Xiao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuemeng Ji
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Weina Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiangyao Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guiying Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Taicheng An
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wen WC, Eady SC, Thompson LT. Oxide supported metal catalysts for the aldehyde water shift reaction: Elucidating roles of the admetal, support, and synergies. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.03.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
8
|
Lian HY, Pang SF, He X, Yang M, Ma JB, Zhang YH. Heterogeneous reactions of isoprene and ozone on α-Al 2O 3: The suppression effect of relative humidity. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 240:124744. [PMID: 31557643 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The heterogeneous reactions of α-Al2O3 particles with a mixture of ozone (∼50 ppm) and isoprene (∼50 ppm) were studied as a function of relative humidities (RHs). The reactions were monitored in real time through the microscopic Fourier transform infrared (micro-FTIR) spectrometer. The results show that the presence of ozone leads to the rapid conversion of isoprene to carboxylate (COO-) ions on the surfaces of α-Al2O3 particles in the initial stage. The water significantly suppresses the formation of the carboxylate ions. For the isoprene ozonolysis reaction on the α-Al2O3 particles, the reactive uptake coefficient is strongly suppressed by over a factor of 8 when the RH increases from 8% to 89%. The negative correlation between RH with the secondary organic aerosol (SOA) produced by isoprene ozonolysis plays a key role in the actual atmospheric environment under high humidity. Our results may provide insight into the ozonolysis process of biogenic alkenes over mineral aerosol surfaces with the influence of RHs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yang Lian
- Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Shu-Feng Pang
- Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Xiang He
- Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, PR China; College of Resource and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, PR China
| | - Miao Yang
- Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Jia-Bi Ma
- Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
| | - Yun-Hong Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Folliard V, Postole G, Marra L, Dubois JL, Auroux A. Synthesis of acrolein by oxidative coupling of alcohols over spinel catalysts: microcalorimetric and spectroscopic approaches. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00094a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative coupling of methanol and ethanol is becoming a promising alternative to produce sustainable acrolein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Folliard
- Univ Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
- CNRS
- IRCELYON
- F-69626 Villeurbanne Cedex
| | - Georgeta Postole
- Univ Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
- CNRS
- IRCELYON
- F-69626 Villeurbanne Cedex
| | | | - Jean-Luc Dubois
- ARKEMA Direction Recherche & Développement
- F-92705 Colombes
- France
| | - Aline Auroux
- Univ Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
- CNRS
- IRCELYON
- F-69626 Villeurbanne Cedex
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ro I, Xu M, Graham GW, Pan X, Christopher P. Synthesis of Heteroatom Rh–ReOx Atomically Dispersed Species on Al2O3 and Their Tunable Catalytic Reactivity in Ethylene Hydroformylation. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b02111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Insoo Ro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93117, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | | | - George W. Graham
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | | | - Phillip Christopher
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93117, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Carbonaceous Aerosols Collected at the Observatory of Monte Curcio in the Southern Mediterranean Basin. ATMOSPHERE 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos10100592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This work provides the first continuous measurements of carbonaceous aerosol at the Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) Monte Curcio regional station, within the southern Mediterranean basin. We specifically analyzed elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) concentrations in particulate matter (PM) samples, collected from April to December during the two years of 2016 and 2017. The purpose of the study is to understand the behavior of both PM and carbonaceous species, in their fine and coarse size fraction, along with their seasonal variability. Based on 18 months of observations, we obtained a dataset that resulted in a vast range of variability. We found the maximum values in summer, mainly related to the enhanced formation of secondary pollutants owing to intense solar radiation, also due to the high frequency of wildfires in the surrounding areas, as well as to the reduced precipitation and aerosol-wet removal. We otherwise observed the lowest levels during fall, coinciding with well-ventilated conditions, low photochemical activity, higher precipitation amounts, and less frequency of Saharan dust episodes. We employed the HYSPLIT model to identify long-range transport from Saharan desert. We found that the Saharan dust events caused higher concentrations of PM and OC in the coarser size fraction whereas the wildfire events likely influenced the highest PM, OC, and EC concentrations we recorded for the finer fraction.
Collapse
|
12
|
Alves MR, Fang Y, Wall KJ, Vaida V, Grassian VH. Chemistry and Photochemistry of Pyruvic Acid Adsorbed on Oxide Surfaces. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:7661-7671. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b06563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Alves
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Kristin J. Wall
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Veronica Vaida
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Vicki H. Grassian
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department of Nanoengineering and Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ponczek M, George C. Kinetics and Product Formation during the Photooxidation of Butanol on Atmospheric Mineral Dust. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:5191-5198. [PMID: 29595957 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b06306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Mineral dust particles have photochemical properties that can promote heterogeneous reactions on their surfaces and therefore alter atmospheric composition. Even though dust photocatalytic nature has received significant attention recently, most studies have focused on inorganic trace gases. Here, we investigated how light changes the chemical interactions between butanol and Arizona test dust, a proxy for mineral dust, under atmospheric conditions. Butanol uptake kinetics were measured, exploring the effects of UV light irradiation intensity (0-1.4 mW/cm2), relative humidity (0-10%), temperature (283-298 K), and butanol initial concentration (20-55 ppb). The composition of the gas phase was monitored by a high-resolution proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-ToF-MS) operating in H3O+ mode. Water was observed to play a significant role, initially reducing heterogeneous processing of butanol but enhancing reaction rates once it evaporated. Gas phase products were identified, showing that surface reactions of adsorbed butanol led to the emission of a variety of carbonyl containing compounds. Under actinic light these compounds will photolyze and produce hydroxyl radicals, changing dust processing from a sink of VOC into a source of reactive compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milena Ponczek
- Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 , CNRS, IRCELYON, F-69626 , Villeurbanne , France
| | - Christian George
- Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 , CNRS, IRCELYON, F-69626 , Villeurbanne , France
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sihvonen SK, Murphy KA, Washton NM, Altaf MB, Mueller KT, Freedman MA. Effect of Acid on Surface Hydroxyl Groups on Kaolinite and Montmorillonite. Z PHYS CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2016-0958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Mineral dust aerosol participates in heterogeneous chemistry in the atmosphere. In particular, the hydroxyl groups on the surface of aluminosilicate clay minerals are important for heterogeneous atmospheric processes. These functional groups may be altered by acidic processing during atmospheric transport. In this study, we exposed kaolinite (KGa-1b) and montmorillonite (STx-1b) to aqueous sulfuric acid and then rinsed the soluble reactants and products off in order to explore changes to functional groups on the mineral surface. To quantify the changes due to acid treatment of edge hydroxyl groups, we use 19F magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and a probe molecule, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyldimethylchlorosilane. We find that the edge hydroxyl groups (OH) increase in both number and density with acid treatment. Chemical reactions in the atmosphere may be impacted by the increase in OH at the mineral edge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K. Sihvonen
- Department of Chemistry , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802 , USA
| | - Kelly A. Murphy
- Department of Chemistry , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802 , USA
| | - Nancy M. Washton
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, WA 99352 , USA
| | - Muhammad Bilal Altaf
- Department of Chemistry , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802 , USA
| | - Karl T. Mueller
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland, WA 99352 , USA
| | - Miriam Arak Freedman
- Department of Chemistry , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802 , USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lederer MR, Staniec AR, Coates Fuentes ZL, Van Ry DA, Hinrichs RZ. Heterogeneous Reactions of Limonene on Mineral Dust: Impacts of Adsorbed Water and Nitric Acid. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:9545-9556. [PMID: 27933906 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b09865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), including the monoterpene limonene, are a major source of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). While gas-phase oxidation initiates the dominant pathway for BVOC conversion to SOA, recent studies have demonstrated that biogenic hydrocarbons can also directly react with acidic droplets. To investigate whether mineral dust may facilitate similar reactive uptake of biogenic hydrocarbons, we studied the heterogeneous reaction of limonene with mineral substrates using condensed-phase infrared spectroscopy and identified the formation of irreversibly adsorbed organic products. For kaolinite, Arizona Test Dust, and silica at 30% relative humidity, GC-MS identified limonene-1,2-diol as the dominant product with total organic surface concentrations on the order of (3-5) × 1018 molecules m-2. Experiments with 18O-labeled water support a mechanism initiated by oxidation of limonene by surface redox sites forming limonene oxide followed by water addition to the epoxide to form limonenediol. Limonene uptake on α-alumina, γ-alumina, and montmorillonite formed additional products in high yield, including carveol, carvone, limonene oxide, and α-terpineol. To model tropospheric processing of mineral aerosol, we also exposed each mineral substrate to gaseous nitric acid prior to limonene uptake and identified similar surface adsorbed products that were formed at rates 2 to 5 times faster than without nitrate coatings. The initial rate of reaction was linearly dependent on gaseous limonene concentration between 5 × 1012 and 5 × 1014 molecules cm-3 (0.22-20.5 ppm) consistent with an Eley-Rideal-type mechanism in which gaseous limonene reacts directly with reactive surface sites. Increasing relative humidity decreased the amount of surface adsorbed products indicating competitive adsorption of surface adsorbed water. Using a laminar flow tube reactor we measured the uptake coefficient for limonene on kaolinite at 25% RH to range from γ = 5.1 × 10-6 to 9.7 × 10-7. After adjusting for reactive surface areas, we estimate uptake coefficients for limonene on HNO3-processed mineral aerosol on the order of (1-6) × 10-6. Although this heterogeneous reaction will not impact the atmospheric lifetime of gaseous limonene, it does provide a new pathway for mineral aerosol to acquire secondary organic matter from biogenic hydrocarbons, which in turn will alter the physical properties of mineral dust.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madeline R Lederer
- Department of Chemistry, Drew University , Madison, New Jersey 07940, United States
| | - Allison R Staniec
- Department of Chemistry, Drew University , Madison, New Jersey 07940, United States
| | - Zoe L Coates Fuentes
- Department of Chemistry, Drew University , Madison, New Jersey 07940, United States
| | - Daryl A Van Ry
- Department of Chemistry, Drew University , Madison, New Jersey 07940, United States
| | - Ryan Z Hinrichs
- Department of Chemistry, Drew University , Madison, New Jersey 07940, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hou S, Tong S, Zhang Y, Tan F, Guo Y, Ge M. Heterogeneous Uptake of Gas-Phase Acetic Acid on the Surface of α-Al 2 O 3 Particles: Temperature Effects. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:2749-2755. [PMID: 27251942 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201600402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous reactions are thought to play a significant role in the formation of haze, especially in wintertime, which suggests that temperature may affect the heterogeneous formation of organic aerosols. As the most-abundant carboxylic acid in the Earth's atmosphere, we chose acetic acid to study the effect of temperature on its heterogeneous reaction with α-Al2 O3 between 248 and 298 K. The products were characterized by in situ DRIFTS, which indicated that lowering the temperature slowed the formation of acetate, but promoted the formation of crystalline acetic acid. Moreover, low temperatures promoted a different reaction mechanism to that at room temperature. Owing to the formation of chain structures at low temperatures, crystalline acetic acid molecules covered the surface active sites on α-Al2 O3 , thereby inhibiting the formation of acetate. However, crystalline acetic acid reacted with α-Al2 O3 itself in a sequential manner. Furthermore, the reactive uptake coefficients, active energies, and acetic acid lifetimes at different temperatures were investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable, Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shengrui Tong
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable, Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable, Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Fang Tan
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable, Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yucong Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable, Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Maofa Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable, Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sun Z, Kong L, Ding X, Du C, Zhao X, Chen J, Fu H, Yang X, Cheng T. The effects of acetaldehyde, glyoxal and acetic acid on the heterogeneous reaction of nitrogen dioxide on gamma-alumina. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:9367-76. [PMID: 26745767 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05632b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous reactions of nitrogen oxides on the surface of aluminium oxide result in the formation of adsorbed nitrite and nitrate. However, little is known about the effects of other species on these heterogeneous reactions and their products. In this study, diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS) was used to analyze the process of the heterogeneous reaction of NO2 on the surface of aluminium oxide particles in the presence of pre-adsorbed organic species (acetaldehyde, glyoxal and acetic acid) at 298 K and reveal the influence of these organic species on the formation of adsorbed nitrite and nitrate. It was found that the pre-adsorption of organic species (acetaldehyde, glyoxal and acetic acid) on γ-Al2O3 could suppress the formation of nitrate to different extents. Under the same experimental conditions, the suppression of the formation of nitrate by the pre-adsorption of acetic acid is much stronger than that by pre-adsorption of acetaldehyde and glyoxal, indicating that the influence of acetic acid on the heterogeneous reaction of NO2 is different from that of acetaldehyde and glyoxal. Surface nitrite is formed and identified to be an intermediate product. For the heterogeneous reaction of NO2 on the surface of γ-Al2O3 with and without the pre-adsorption of acetaldehyde and glyoxal, it is firstly formed and then gradually disappears as the reaction proceeds, but for the reaction with the pre-adsorption of acetic acid, it is the final main product besides nitrate. This indicates that the pre-adsorption of acetic acid would promote the formation of nitrite, while the others would not change the trend of the formation of nitrite. The possible influence mechanisms of the pre-adsorption of acetaldehyde, glyoxal and acetic acid on the heterogeneous conversion of NO2 on γ-Al2O3 are proposed and atmospheric implications based on these results are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution, Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Romanías MN, Ourrad H, Thévenet F, Riffault V. Investigating the Heterogeneous Interaction of VOCs with Natural Atmospheric Particles: Adsorption of Limonene and Toluene on Saharan Mineral Dusts. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:1197-212. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b10323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manolis N. Romanías
- Mines Douai, SAGE, 941
rue Charles Bourseul, F-59508 Douai, France
- Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Habib Ourrad
- Mines Douai, SAGE, 941
rue Charles Bourseul, F-59508 Douai, France
- Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Frédéric Thévenet
- Mines Douai, SAGE, 941
rue Charles Bourseul, F-59508 Douai, France
- Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Véronique Riffault
- Mines Douai, SAGE, 941
rue Charles Bourseul, F-59508 Douai, France
- Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
George C, Ammann M, D’Anna B, Donaldson DJ, Nizkorodov S. Heterogeneous photochemistry in the atmosphere. Chem Rev 2015; 115:4218-58. [PMID: 25775235 PMCID: PMC4772778 DOI: 10.1021/cr500648z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian George
- Université
de Lyon 1, Lyon F-69626, France
- CNRS, UMR5256,
IRCELYON, Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et
l’Environnement de Lyon, Villeurbanne F-69626, France
| | - Markus Ammann
- Laboratory
of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Barbara D’Anna
- Université
de Lyon 1, Lyon F-69626, France
- CNRS, UMR5256,
IRCELYON, Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et
l’Environnement de Lyon, Villeurbanne F-69626, France
| | - D. J. Donaldson
- Department
of Chemistry and Department of Physical & Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Sergey
A. Nizkorodov
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhao X, Kong L, Sun Z, Ding X, Cheng T, Yang X, Chen J. Interactions between Heterogeneous Uptake and Adsorption of Sulfur Dioxide and Acetaldehyde on Hematite. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:4001-8. [PMID: 25849136 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b01359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur dioxide and organic aldehydes in the atmosphere are ubiquitous and often correlated with mineral dust aerosols. Heterogeneous uptake and adsorption of one of these species on mineral aerosols can potentially change the properties of the particles and further affect the subsequent heterogeneous reactions of the other species on the coating particles. In this study, the interactions between heterogeneous uptake and adsorption of sulfur dioxide and acetaldehyde on hematite are investigated by using in situ diffuse-reflectance infrared Fourier-transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) at room temperature. It is found that the preadsorption of SO2 on α-Fe2O3 can significantly hinder the subsequent heterogeneous oxidation of CH3CHO to acetate, while the preadsorption of CH3CHO significantly suppresses the heterogeneous reaction of large amounts of SO2 on the surface of α-Fe2O3 and has a little influence on the uptake of small amount of SO2. The heterogeneous reactions of SO2 on α-Fe2O3 preadsorbed by CH3CHO change the existing acetate on the particle surface into chemisorbed acetic acid, for the enhancement of surface acidity after the uptake of SO2. During these processes, different surface hydroxyl groups showed different reactivities. Atmospheric implications of this study are discussed.
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhao Y, Huang D, Huang L, Chen Z. Hydrogen peroxide enhances the oxidation of oxygenated volatile organic compounds on mineral dust particles: a case study of methacrolein. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:10614-10623. [PMID: 25111165 DOI: 10.1021/es5023416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous oxidation of oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) serves as an important sink of OVOCs as well as a source of secondary organic material. However, the roles of gas phase oxidants in these reactions are poorly understood. In this work, we present the first laboratory study of the heterogeneous reactions of methacrolein (MACR) on various mineral dust particles in the presence of gaseous H2O2. It is found that the presence of gaseous H2O2 significantly promotes both the uptake and oxidation of MACR on kaolinite, α-Al2O3, α-Fe2O3, and TiO2, but not on CaCO3. The oxidation of MACR produces organic acids as its major low-molecular-weight product, whose yields are enhanced by a factor of 2-6 in the presence of H2O2. In addition, organic peroxides such as methyl hydroperoxide, peroxyformic acid, and peroxyacetic acid are only formed in the presence of H2O2, and the formation of methyl hydroperoxide indicates that MACR oxidation on the surface involves reaction with OH radicals. A probe reaction using salicylic acid verifies the production of OH radicals from H2O2 decomposition on kaolinite, α-Al2O3, α-Fe2O3, and TiO2, which rationalizes the enhanced MACR oxidation observed on these particles. The uptake coefficients of MACR on kaolinite, α-Fe2O3, and TiO2 in the presence of H2O2 are on the order of 10(-5)-10(-4). Our results provide new insights into the formation and chemical evolution of organic species in the atmosphere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chen H, Nanayakkara CE, Grassian VH. Titanium Dioxide Photocatalysis in Atmospheric Chemistry. Chem Rev 2012; 112:5919-48. [DOI: 10.1021/cr3002092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 614] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haihan Chen
- Departments
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and §Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Charith E. Nanayakkara
- Departments
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and §Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Vicki H. Grassian
- Departments
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and §Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Styler SA, Donaldson DJ. Photooxidation of atmospheric alcohols on laboratory proxies for mineral dust. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2011; 45:10004-10012. [PMID: 22014274 DOI: 10.1021/es202263q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We have used a novel photochemical Knudsen cell reactor to investigate the uptake and phototransformation of some atmospherically important trace organics on TiO(2) and TiO(2)-SiO(2) mixed films. Illumination of TiO(2) films led to an enhanced uptake of isopropanol and n-propanol and the concurrent production of gas-phase acetone and propionaldehyde, respectively, with high efficiency. Acetone production from isopropanol on illuminated TiO(2) films displayed a significant enhancement in the presence of cosorbed AgNO(3) or KNO(3). Uptake of cyclohexene by TiO(2) films required the presence of both nitrate anion and light. The wavelength and substrate (TiO(2) vs SiO(2)) dependence of the nitrate-induced enhancement in uptake indicates that it was not caused by direct photolysis of nitrate anion. We propose a 2-fold role for nitrate anion in the present experiments: first, as an electron trapping agent that activates the TiO(2) surface toward photooxidation; second, as suggested by our results for cyclohexene, as a source of reactive nitrate radical at the TiO(2) surface. These observations suggest that mineral dust containing photoactive components may catalyze the transformation of photochemically inactive organic compounds into species that absorb in the actinic region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Styler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lawrence CR, Painter TH, Landry CC, Neff JC. Contemporary geochemical composition and flux of aeolian dust to the San Juan Mountains, Colorado, United States. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jg001077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
25
|
Woodill LA, Hinrichs RZ. Heterogeneous reactions of surface-adsorbed catechol with nitrogen dioxide: substrate effects for tropospheric aerosol surrogates. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:10766-74. [PMID: 20623042 DOI: 10.1039/c002079f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Surface-adsorbed organics can alter the chemistry of tropospheric aerosols thereby impacting photochemical cycles and altering aerosol properties. The nature of the surface can also influence the chemistry of the surface-adsorbed organic. We employed diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS) to monitor the adsorption of gaseous catechol on several tropospheric aerosol surrogates and to investigate the subsequent reactivity of adsorbed catechol with nitrogen dioxide. The dark heterogeneous reaction of NO(2) with NaCl-adsorbed catechol produced 4-nitrocatechol, 1,2-benzoquinone, and the ring-cleaved product muconic acid, with product yields of 88%, 8%, and 4% at relative humidity (RH) < 2%, respectively. The reaction was first-order with respect to both catechol and NO(2). The reactive uptake coefficient for NO(2) + NaCl-adsorbed catechol increased from 3 x 10(-6) at <2% RH to 7 x 10(-6) at 30% RH. These reactions were more than two orders of magnitude more reactive than NaCl without adsorbed catechol. The 4-nitrocatechol product yield was enhanced on NaF, while NaBr-adsorbed catechol produced considerably more 1,2-benzoquinone and muconic acid. This substrate effect is discussed in terms of each substrate's ability to polarize the phenol group and hinder hydrogen atom abstraction from intermediate o-semiquinone radicals. These dark heterogeneous reactions may alter the UV-visible absorbing properties of tropospheric aerosols and may also contribute as a dark source of NO(2)(-)/HONO. These results contrast prior observations which found pure catechol thin films unreactive with NO(2), highlighting the need to specifically consider substrate and matrix effects in laboratory systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurie A Woodill
- Department of Chemistry, Drew University, Madison, NJ 07940, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhao Y, Chen Z, Zhao J. Heterogeneous reactions of methacrolein and methyl vinyl ketone on α-Al2O3 particles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2010; 44:2035-2041. [PMID: 20151657 DOI: 10.1021/es9037275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The heterogeneous reactions of methacrolein (MAC) and methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) on α-Al(2)O(3) surfaces have been studied in a flow reactor using transmission-Fourier Transform Infrared (T-FTIR) spectroscopy to monitor the reaction progress. Unlike SiO(2) particles where MAC and MVK are weakly physisorbed, the results in this work demonstrate that on c-AlO3 particles MAC and MVK are irreversibly adsorbed and can rapidly react on the surface to form various products such as aldehydes, organic acids, hydrogen peroxide, and even higher molecular weight compounds. The initial uptake rates and initial uptake coefficients for MAC and MVK on α-Al(2)O(3) under dry conditions were determined to explore the reactivity of the particles. Furthermore, the effect of water vapor on the heterogeneous reactions was also investigated as a function of relative humidity. Both the heterogeneous uptake and transformation of MAC and MVK on α-Al(2)O(3) were largely suppressed under humid conditions due to the depletion of surface active sites by water molecules. On the basis of experimental results, atmospheric implications of heterogeneous reactions of MAC and MVK were discussed. Our work suggests that heterogeneous reactions on α-Al(2)O(3) can be important sinks for MAC and MVK as well as possible contributors to atmospheric organic aerosol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Nozière B, Dziedzic P, Córdova A. Inorganic ammonium salts and carbonate salts are efficient catalysts for aldol condensation in atmospheric aerosols. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:3864-72. [DOI: 10.1039/b924443c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
28
|
Chen ZM, Jie CY, Li S, Wang HL, Wang CX, Xu JR, Hua W. Heterogeneous reactions of methacrolein and methyl vinyl ketone: Kinetics and mechanisms of uptake and ozonolysis on silicon dioxide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
29
|
Atmospheric heterogeneous reaction of acetone: Adsorption and desorption kinetics and mechanisms on SiO2 particles. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-007-0489-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
30
|
Schmidt CM, Buchbinder AM, Weitz E, Geiger FM. Photochemistry of the Indoor Air Pollutant Acetone on Degussa P25 TiO2Studied by Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:13023-31. [DOI: 10.1021/jp076745+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
31
|
Schmidt CM, Weitz E, Geiger FM. Interaction of the indoor air pollutant acetone with Degussa P25 TiO2 studied by chemical ionization mass spectrometry. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2006; 22:9642-50. [PMID: 17073491 DOI: 10.1021/la061974t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Preventing a build-up of indoor pollutant concentrations has emerged as a major goal in environmental chemistry. Here, we have applied chemical ionization mass spectrometry to study the interaction of acetone, a common indoor air pollutant, with Degussa P25 TiO2, an inexpensive catalyst that is widely used for the degradation of volatile organic compounds into CO2 and water. To better understand the adsorption of acetone onto Degussa P25, the necessary first step for its degradation, the experiments were carried out at room temperature in the absence of UV light. This allowed for the deconvolution of the nonreactive and reactive thermal binding processes on Degussa P25 at acetone partial pressures (10(-7)-10(-4) Torr) commonly found in indoor environments. On average, 30% of the adsorbed acetone is bound irreversibly, resulting in a surface coverage of irreversibly bound acetone of approximately 1 x 10(12) molecules/cm2 at 3-4 x 10(-5) Torr. Equilibrium and dynamic experiments yield a sticking coefficient of approximately 1 x 10(-4) that is independent of the acetone partial pressures examined here. Equilibrium binding constants and free energies of adsorption are reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry and the Institute for Environmental Catalysis, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Tang Y, Zhu L, Chu LT, Xiang B. Cavity ring-down spectroscopic study of acetaldehyde photolysis in the gas phase, on aluminum surfaces, and on ice films. Chem Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2006.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
33
|
Heterogeneous Sulfate Formation on Dust Surface and Its Dependence on Mineralogy: Balloon-Borne Observations from Balloon-Borne Measurements in The Surface Atmosphere of Beijing, China. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s11267-005-0730-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
34
|
|
35
|
Singh HB. Analysis of the atmospheric distribution, sources, and sinks of oxygenated volatile organic chemicals based on measurements over the Pacific during TRACE-P. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
36
|
Falkovich AH. Adsorption of organic compounds pertinent to urban environments onto mineral dust particles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
37
|
Affiliation(s)
- Courtney R Usher
- Department of Chemistry, and Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242. USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Usher CR, Al-Hosney H, Carlos-Cuellar S, Grassian VH. A laboratory study of the heterogeneous uptake and oxidation of sulfur dioxide on mineral dust particles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. R. Usher
- Department of Chemistry; University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa USA
| | - H. Al-Hosney
- Department of Chemistry; University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa USA
| | | | - V. H. Grassian
- Department of Chemistry; University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Li P, Al-Abadleh HA, Grassian VH. Measuring Heterogeneous Uptake Coefficients of Gases on Solid Particle Surfaces with a Knudsen Cell Reactor: Complications Due to Surface Saturation and Gas Diffusion into Underlying Layers. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp011828q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Li
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and the Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - H. A. Al-Abadleh
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and the Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - V. H. Grassian
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and the Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| |
Collapse
|