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Drumond VZ, de Oliveira TN, de Arruda JAA, Mesquita RA, Abreu LG. Dental trauma in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2023; 43:635-644. [PMID: 36606334 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a childhood neurodevelopmental disorder primarily characterized by inattention and hyperactivity that affects approximately 7.2% of children and adolescents worldwide. This study aimed to assess whether children and adolescents with ADHD were more likely to have dental trauma when compared to their healthy peers. METHODS This study was reported following the statements proposed in MOOSE (Meta-analyses Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology). PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, APA PsycINFO, LILACS, and grey literature were searched until October 2022. Observational studies with a control group were eligible. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The meta-analysis was performed using the R language. GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) was applied. RESULTS A total of 239 studies were detected; of these, six were included in the qualitative synthesis and four were merged in the meta-analysis (OR = 1.80 [1.16-2.80]; I2 = 18.6% [0.0%-87.5%]). The risk of bias was high. The strength of the evidence was "very low." CONCLUSION Children and adolescents with ADHD are more likely to have dental trauma than their non-ADHD peers. However, due to limitations in the design of the included studies, a causal relationship cannot be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Zanetti Drumond
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Faculdades Unidas do Norte de Minas, Ipatinga, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Thaynara Nascimento de Oliveira
- Department of Child and Adolescent Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José Alcides Almeida de Arruda
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Alves Mesquita
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lucas Guimarães Abreu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Li L, Acharya K, Ghimire B, Li Y, Xing X, Hou X, Hou L, Hu X. Conservative management of mandibular fractures in pediatric patients during the growing phase with splint fiber and ligature arch wire. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:601. [PMID: 37641075 PMCID: PMC10463483 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03309-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this article is to discuss the effective management of mandibular fractures in pediatric patients during the growing phase of the mandible using splint fiber and ligature wire. METHODS A retrospective study examined pediatric patients with mandibular fractures who were treated using the splint (Quartz) fiber and ligature wire technique at the Stomatology Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from August 2021 to January 2023. Data on gender, age, location or site of the fracture, and development of tooth stage were collected from the patient's medical records. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data and evaluate the effectiveness of the splint (Quartz) fiber technique for treating mandibular fractures in pediatric patients. RESULTS Out of 256 subjects, 6 pediatric patients with mandibular fractures were selected, resulting in an incidence rate of 2.34% with an equal sex ratio. Mental or symphysis fracture was the most common site for fracture in children, accounting for 100% of cases. Right mandibular angle fracture was observed in 16.7% of patients, while 50% of the group (3 individuals) suffered from left condylar fracture and 16.7% had a bilateral condylar fracture. Treatment with Quartz splint fiber and circumdental arch wiring using ligature wire was successful with no observed post-treatment complications or malocclusion. The splint fiber was worn for 30 days and the circumdental arch wiring was for the same. Healing of bone fracture yields good results after 12 weeks. Follow-up care is crucial to monitor for complications, in this study, no post-treatment complications were observed. CONCLUSION The treatment of pediatric mandibular fractures is complex and requires careful consideration of various factors. Conservative management should be the first choice, with open reduction and internal fixation reserved for specific cases. The use of quartz splint fiber and ligature wire is an effective treatment option for stabilizing the mandible and providing occlusal stability in growing children. A fiber splint along with ligature wire can also be used as an alternative treatment to avoid any adverse effects on the growth and development of the mandible and permanent teeth. A multidisciplinary approach is essential to achieving the best outcomes for pediatric patients with mandibular fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Li
- Key laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Trauma and Plastic Surgery, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kiran Acharya
- Key laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Trauma and Plastic Surgery, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bedana Ghimire
- Shree Birendera Sainik (Army Hospital), Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Yanqiu Li
- Key laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Trauma and Plastic Surgery, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaotao Xing
- Key laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Trauma and Plastic Surgery, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoru Hou
- Key laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Trauma and Plastic Surgery, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lingnan Hou
- Key laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Trauma and Plastic Surgery, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoyi Hu
- Key laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Trauma and Plastic Surgery, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Trauma and Plastic Surgery, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No 98 Xiwu Road, 710004, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Sarao SK, Levin L. Prevention of maxillofacial injuries through analysis of mechanisms, patterns, and long-term sequalae. Dent Traumatol 2023; 39:97-100. [PMID: 36899141 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
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Mohd Yani AAB, Marcenes W, Stansfeld SA, Bernabé E. The relationship between traumatic dental injuries and adolescents' non-suicidal self-injury behaviour: A cross-sectional analysis of an East London cohort. Dent Traumatol 2023; 39:173-178. [PMID: 36409280 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Recent reviews of case reports have pointed out a potential connection between non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and traumatic dental injuries (TDIs). The aim of this study was to investigate the association of a history of NSSI with TDIs in 15- to 16-year-old adolescents. METHODS This study analysed cross-sectional data from the Research with East London Adolescents Community Health Survey, a prospective population survey of adolescents attending state schools in East London, England. The history of NSSI was obtained using two items from the Lifestyle and Coping questionnaire (whether they have ever engaged with self-harm and the last time they engaged in such behaviours). The presence of TDIs, increased overjet and inadequate lip coverage were determined through clinical assessments by two trained dentists. Survey logistic regression was fitted to test the association of NSSI with TDIs. Odds ratios (ORs) were adjusted for socio-demographic and clinical characteristics as potential confounders. RESULTS The lifetime and last-year prevalence of NSSI were 11.9% and 6.7%, respectively, whereas the prevalence of TDIs was 16.5%. Neither the lifetime prevalence of NSSI (OR: 1.02, 95% confidence interval: 0.56-1.85) nor the last-year prevalence of NSSI (OR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.36-1.61) were associated with TDIs in regression models adjusted for confounders. CONCLUSION This study did not support an association between history of NSSI and TDIs among adolescents aged 15-16 years old in East London.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azri Aliah Binti Mohd Yani
- Dental Public Health Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.,Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia
| | - Wagner Marcenes
- Dental Public Health Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.,Affordable Health Initiative, London, UK
| | - Stephen A Stansfeld
- Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Eduardo Bernabé
- Dental Public Health Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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Okolo CC, Oredugba FA, Denloye OO, Adeyemo YI. The risk factors and pattern of traumatic dental injuries in 10-12-year olds in Kano, Nigeria. Niger Postgrad Med J 2022; 29:272-277. [PMID: 35900466 DOI: 10.4103/npmj.npmj_145_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) rank among the most common conditions in children and adolescents. Nigerian dental trauma data are largely based on studies that were conducted in the southern parts of Nigeria. This study was designed to identify the risk factors and the pattern of TDIs among school-age children in northern Nigeria. OBJECTIVES The objective of the study was to identify the risk factors for and to determine the pattern of dental injuries among 10-12-year-old males in Kano, northern Nigeria. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six hundred and ninety-six 10-12-year olds were selected through a multistage sampling of school children, street children and rehabilitated children in Kano and examined for TDIs using the WHO protocols. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 20. Statistical significance was considered when P < 0.05. RESULTS Six hundred and ninety-four 10-12-year olds participated in the study; The prevalence of TDIs was 6.6%. Being a street-child was associated with 30% higher risk for dental injuries (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.3; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.60 - 3.1; P = 0.48), whereas living as a rehabilitated street child (aOR = 0.41; 95% CI = 0.19 - 0.88; P = 0.02) and older age were associated with a reduced risk (aOR = 0.63; 95% CI = 0.39 - 1.01; P = 0.06) to injuries. The most common type of trauma was enamel-dentine injuries or Ellis II, and the most common cause was falls. Street children and low-age groups had more single-tooth injuries (85.7% and 85.0%, respectively). The commonly injured teeth were the maxillary right and left central incisors. CONCLUSION Living on the street and young age were associated with the likelihood for injuries in male adolescents in Kano. The maxillary central incisors were the commonly affected teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chizoba Chineme Okolo
- Department of Child Dental Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Folakemi A Oredugba
- Department of Child Dental Health, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Obafunke O Denloye
- Department of Child Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Letelier A, Watt RG, Heilmann A. Head injuries in early childhood in the UK; is there a social gradient? J Epidemiol Community Health 2022; 76:600-605. [PMID: 35318278 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2021-217184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine if there is a social gradient in early childhood head injuries among UK children. METHODS Cross-sectional study, using data from the UK Millennium Cohort Study (MCS). The second, third and fourth sweeps of the MCS were analysed separately, when children were 3, 5 and 7 years old. Logistic regression models were used to explore the associations between head injuries and family socioeconomic position (social class, household income, maternal education and area deprivation). RESULTS The unadjusted analyses showed different associations with socioeconomic indicators at different ages. At age 3 and 5 years, head injuries were associated with higher area deprivation, lower household income and parents not being in work or in the routine social class. At age 5 years head injuries were also associated with lower maternal education. At age 7 years only associations with area deprivation and maternal education were found. In adjusted analyses (mutually adjusted for all four socioeconomic indicators, maternal age, child age and child sex), the following associations were observed: at ages 3 and 5 years, higher levels of area deprivation were related to higher odds of head injuries. At age 3 years only, lower levels of maternal education were related to lower odds of head injuries. No social gradients were observed. At age 7 years, there were no significant associations between head injuries and any of the SEP measures. CONCLUSION We observed no social gradients in early childhood head injuries. However, at ages 3 and 5 years, head injuries were more frequently reported for children living in more deprived areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Letelier
- Instituto de Odontoestomatología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Región de Los Ríos, Chile .,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Richard G Watt
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Anja Heilmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
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Kambal E, Marcenes W, Stansfeld SA, Bernabé E. Troublesome behaviour and traumatic dental injuries during adolescence. Dent Traumatol 2022; 38:129-135. [PMID: 34997946 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Troublesome behaviour can lead to bodily injuries among young people, although a link with traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the longitudinal association between troublesome behaviour and TDIs during adolescence. METHODS This study analysed data from phases 2 and 3 of the Research with East London Adolescents Community Health Survey (RELACHS), a longitudinal study of public secondary schools in East London. Troublesome behaviour in the past 12 months was measured with 8 items (told lies to get things from others, started fight, bullied or threatened people, stayed late outside, stole valuable things, ran away from home, played truant from school and intentionally destroyed someone else's property) from the Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA), when participants were 13-14 years old (Phase 2). Adolescents were dentally examined for TDIs when they were 15-16 years old (Phase 3). The association between troublesome behaviour and TDIs was tested in logistic regression models adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics and oral clinical factors. RESULTS Forty-three per cent of adolescents reported one or more troublesome behaviours at age 13-14 years, and 16% had evidence of TDIs by age 15-16 years. Adolescents who answered 'perhaps' and 'definitely' to any troublesome behaviour item had, respectively, 1.37 (95% CI: 0.62-3.00) and 1.50 (95% CI: 0.69-3.30) greater odds of having TDIs than those who answered 'no' after adjustment for confounders. Of the 8 behaviours assessed, having run away from home, bullied or threatened people, often told lies, and stolen valuable things were associated with having TDIs. CONCLUSION This study among adolescents shows that reporting troublesome behaviour was associated with TDIs two years later. Given the wide confidence intervals for these associations, the present findings require confirmation from further longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enas Kambal
- Dental Public Health group, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Stephen A Stansfeld
- Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Eduardo Bernabé
- Dental Public Health group, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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Abdelhalim MM, El Fahar MH. Novel and Affordable Low-Cost Technique for Fixation of Parasymphyseal Fractures in Infants With Unerupted Dentition. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 79:1732.e1-1732.e6. [PMID: 33775652 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2021.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pediatric mandibular fractures are immensely challenging compared to adult fractures. The current update management spectrum ranges from the conservative one in the form of soft diet and regular follow-up, or less invasive surgical intervention by closed reduction and nonrigid fixation, to open reduction and internal fixation with plates and screws. In this study, we investigated the use of a straightforward fabricated mold for the parasymphyseal mandibular fracture in infants with an unerupted dentition. PATIENTS AND METHODS This prospective study was conducted on 8 infants presenting with parasymphyseal fractures with unerupted dentitions in our specialized trauma center. In the operating room before the induction of anesthesia, the authors used a straightforward plastic airway to create a splint. The curved part was split into 2 transverse halves making 2 U-shaped curved pieces that were utilized as a mold. Intraoperatively, the U-shaped piece was placed over the mandible and stabilized with circummandibular wires. This molded airway is used to stabilize the fracture site for 2-3 weeks. The average period of follow-up was around 6 months. RESULTS The average time of mandibular fixation was 17.6 ± 2.4 SD (14 to 20) days. The mean of the total operative time was 38.7 ± 3.5 SD minutes, ranging from 35 to 45 minutes. Our infants were observed in the outpatient clinic for 6 months postoperatively during the follow-up period. There were no noticeable complications nor any interference with tooth eruption or mandibular growth. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that this technique is straightforward to use and affordable. It does not require a long learning period. It also exhibits the advantage of reducing the cost in many developing countries.
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Awareness of Parents About the Emergency Management of Avulsed Tooth in Eastern Province and Riyadh. Eur Endod J 2020; 5:145-149. [PMID: 32766526 PMCID: PMC7398990 DOI: 10.14744/eej.2020.65265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess the level of parents knowledge about the emergency management of tooth avulsion in Eastern Province and Riyadh. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out by means of a questionnaire-based internet survey in which 1201 parents from Eastern Province and Riyadh participated. The questionnaire contained 10 closed-ended questions and was used to assess the knowledge of parents about the emergency management of avulsed teeth in Eastern Province and Riyadh. Chi-square test was used for data analysis. Results In response to closed-ended questions, the statistically significant result was obtained for the history of child dental trauma in which 35% (P=0.04) of parents reported history of dental trauma in their children. These parents were belong to Eastern province (51%) and Riyadh (49%). Furthermore, only 31.3% of the parents were aware of possible storage media for transportation of avulsed tooth while 68.7% (49.5% in Eastern Province and 50.5% in Riyadh) were unaware (P=0.02) of it. Conclusion That the majority of the parents were unaware of emergency management for tooth avulsion in two densely populated regions of Saudi Arabia. Education of parents should be initiated at a national level.
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Chau YCY, Peng SM, McGrath CPJ, Yiu CKY. Oral Health of Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Atten Disord 2020; 24:947-962. [PMID: 29182035 DOI: 10.1177/1087054717743331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This systematic review investigated the oral health of children with ADHD. Method: A structured search strategy was performed on five electronic databases: SCOPUS, Web of Science, COCHRANE, PubMed, and PsychInfo. Studies were included in the review if they reported clinical oral health outcomes on a population diagnosed with ADHD under the age of 18 years old. Qualitative and quantitative analysis was performed on pooled prevalence and mean/median values for caries, trauma, periodontal problems, and tooth wear. Results: Twenty-seven effective articles were reviewed by two calibrated assessors. Meta-analysis of the results found higher mean number of decayed surfaces, plaque index, and trauma prevalence among children with ADHD. Conclusion: Children with ADHD show increased risk for caries and traumatic dental injuries, and may have poorer oral hygiene compared with children without ADHD. More awareness among clinicians would promote better caries- and trauma-preventive advice and management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Si-Min Peng
- The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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11
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Born CD, Jackson TH, Koroluk LD, Divaris K. Traumatic dental injuries in preschool-age children: Prevalence and risk factors. Clin Exp Dent Res 2019; 5:151-159. [PMID: 31049218 PMCID: PMC6483041 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the prevalence, socio-demographic correlates, and clinical predictors of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) in the primary dentition among a community-based sample of preschool-age children. The sample comprised 1,546 preschool-age children (mean age 49 [range: 24-71] months) in North Carolina public preschools, enrolled in a population-based investigation among young children and their parents in North Carolina. Information on socio-demographic, extraoral, and intraoral characteristics was collected and analyzed with bivariate and multivariate methods, including logistic regression modeling and marginal effects estimation. The prevalence of dental trauma was 47% and 8% of TDI cases were "severe" (pulp exposure, tooth displacement, discolored or necrotic tooth, or tooth loss). In bivariate analyses, overjet and lip incompetence were significantly associated with TDI. Overjet remained positively associated with severe trauma in multivariate analysis, OR = 1.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.2, 1.6], corresponding to an absolute 1.3%, 95% CI [0.7, 1.8], increase in the likelihood of severe trauma, per millimeter of overjet. Children with increased overjet (>3 mm) were 3.8, 95% CI [2.0, 7.4], times as likely to have experienced severe TDI compared with those with ≤3 mm. Overjet is a strong risk factor for TDIs in the primary dentition. Incorporating and operationalizing this information may help TDI prevention and related anticipatory guidance for families of preschool-age children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine D. Born
- Department of Orthodontics, School of DentistryUniversity of North Carolina‐Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Tate H. Jackson
- Department of Orthodontics, School of DentistryUniversity of North Carolina‐Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Lorne D. Koroluk
- Department of Orthodontics, School of DentistryUniversity of North Carolina‐Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of DentistryUniversity of North Carolina‐Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Kimon Divaris
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of DentistryUniversity of North Carolina‐Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public HealthUniversity of North Carolina‐Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
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The Prevalence of ADHD Patients among Pediatric Dentists in Israel and Knowledge of Dental and Behavioral Aspects of Treating Them. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018; 42:212-216. [PMID: 29698135 DOI: 10.17796/1053-4628-42.3.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There are no clear guidelines for managing the dental treatment of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The use of sedation in combination with chronic ADHD medication use is also not well defined. This study surveyed the prevalence of ADHD children, management techniques and knowledge of pharmacologic therapies of these children among Israeli dentists. STUDY DESIGN A specially designed questionnaire was distributed to all Israeli dentists attending a national conference in 2016. RESULTS Of the 160 dentists who attended the conference, 96 completed the survey (60% response rate), and they included 46 (51%) pediatric dental specialists and 50 (49%) general dental practitioners. The medications Ritalin and Concerta were most familiar to the respondents (98.9%). Eighty-seven (91.1%) of the practitioners responded that their ADHD patients take their usual doses of any drug for treating ADHD symptoms, regardless of whether or not the dentists intended to use sedatives. The practitioners invented their own behavior management techniques with varying degrees of success. CONCLUSIONS There are no specific guidelines for the most effective pharmacologic protocol (co-administration of ADHD drugs and dental sedatives) or behavior management techniques for the provision of optimal dental care to children with ADHD.
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Nyquist JM, Phillips C, Stein M, Koroluk LD. Executive Function as a Risk Factor for Incisor Trauma. Dent Traumatol 2018; 34:229-236. [PMID: 29738636 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Executive function is the ability to guide behavior to achieve goals or complete tasks. This study explored the relationship between executive function, as assessed by the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function Parent Form Questionnaire (BRIEF® ) and incisor trauma. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study included children in the mixed dentition with recent incisor trauma (n=28) and a control group (n=30) without recent incisor trauma. Subjects' parents completed the BRIEF® , while a clinical examination assessed subjects' occlusal relationships. Parents also completed a custom questionnaire that investigated their child's medical history and daily activities. Fisher Exact and unpaired t-tests compared BRIEF® scores, occlusal characteristics, medical history, and reported daily activities of the two groups. RESULTS The trauma group had a greater percentage of participants with a Class II dental relationship (p=0.01). There was no significant difference between groups with respect to mean BRIEF® t-scores within the Global Executive Composite. There was a statistically significant difference between groups with respect to the percentage of subjects with clinically significant (≥65) BRIEF® t-scores within the Inhibit (p=0.05) and Emotional Control (p=0.02) subscales and Behavioral Regulation Index (p=0.02). There were no statistically significant differences between groups with respect to age, gender, overbite, overjet, medical history, body mass index, or daily activities. CONCLUSIONS Children in the mixed dentition with a Class II dental relationship are at greater risk for incisor injury, as well as those involved in outdoor activities. Specific executive dysfunctions such as impulsivity and poor emotional control may increase the risk for incisor trauma. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ceib Phillips
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Margot Stein
- School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lorne D Koroluk
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Nezam S, Kumar A, Shukla JN, Khan SA. Management of mandibular fracture in pediatric patient. Natl J Maxillofac Surg 2018; 9:106-109. [PMID: 29937672 PMCID: PMC5996639 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_54_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A pediatric mandibular fracture can cause a child severe pain and the parent or caregiver extreme worry. While the pattern of fractures in children is similar to adults, however, due to a number of factors, including the anatomical complexity of the developing mandible, management of such fractures differs from that of adults and can greatly challenge the pediatric dentist. Various treatment modalities of managing mandibular fracture are available, such as closed/open cap splint with circummandibular wiring, arch-bar fixation, and cementation of the cap splint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaiya Nezam
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Jeevendra Nath Shukla
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Shabab Ahmed Khan
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
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15
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Vural UK, Kiremitçi A, Gökalp S. Clinical Performance and Epidemiologic Aspects of Fractured Anterior Teeth Restored with a Composite Resin: A Two-Year Clinical Study. J Prosthodont 2017; 28:e204-e209. [PMID: 28960769 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the etiologic factors, effect of age and gender on dental trauma, and to evaluate the performance of composite resin on the fractured crown of permanent anterior teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS Over a 2-year period, 73 permanent teeth from 51 patients with dental trauma were treated with direct composite resin restoration. Informed consent and standardized trauma forms were completed by the patient; teeth were restored with a submicron hybrid composite resin (Spectrum TPH) and respective adhesive system (Prime&Bond NT). Sixty-nine teeth were directly restored without fiber posts, while four were treated with fiber posts. Two experienced clinicians, besides the operator, evaluated each restoration at 6-, 12-, and 24-month follow-ups according to US Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria for the following characteristics: anatomical form, marginal adaptation, color match, marginal discoloration, surface roughness, and caries. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U, and Siegel and Castellan tests. RESULTS A total of 73 traumatized teeth in 51 patients aged from 14 to 64 years (mean age 25.47 ± 14.058 years) were assessed according to the Ellis classification and restored over a 2-year period. Crown fractures were more common in the maxilla (84.9%) and caused by falls (58.8%). At the end of 24 months, a total of ten restorations were lost. The survival rate after 24 months was 82.14%. There were statistically significant differences in marginal adaptation between the 6-, 12-, and 24-month follow-ups. Although changes in marginal discoloration over time were not significant (p = 0.194), changes in color match were significant (p = 0.029). CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study, direct composite restorations were accepted as clinically satisfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzay Koc Vural
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Arlin Kiremitçi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Saadet Gökalp
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Chau YCY, Lai KYC, McGrath CPJ, Yiu CKY. Oral health of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Eur J Oral Sci 2016; 125:49-54. [PMID: 28035689 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed and compared oral health and oral-health behaviours among children with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The study included 31 children, 12-18 yr of age, with ADHD and 31 age- and gender-matched children without ADHD. Clinical data were recorded by a trained and calibrated examiner for caries, traumatic dental injuries, periodontal health, tooth wear, and salivary function. A questionnaire was also given to parents or caregivers about the oral health habits and behaviours of these children. Data were compared using Mann-Whitney U-tests and chi-square tests. No significant differences were found between children, with or without ADHD, in caries extent or prevalence, dental trauma prevalence, prevalence of periodontal disease or plaque, tooth wear, or unstimulated salivary flow. Children with ADHD had a significantly higher percentage of sites with gingival bleeding, as well as a higher frequency of parent-reported dislike of dentists, bruxism, history of assisted toothbrushing, and toothbrushing duration <1 min. They also had higher attendance at government dental clinics. The findings indicate that children with ADHD have poorer oral hygiene and more adverse oral-health attitudes and behaviours than do children without ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne C Y Chau
- Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kelly Y C Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Colman P J McGrath
- Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cynthia K Y Yiu
- Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Sabuncuoglu O, Irmak MY. The attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder model for traumatic dental injuries: a critical review and update of the last 10 years. Dent Traumatol 2016; 33:71-76. [PMID: 27748049 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
It has been more than 10 years since the proposal of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) model as an explanatory construct for traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) in children. The aim of this review was to address developments in the study of the issue after 2005-2016. A systematic literature search covering the period from 2005 to 2016 was conducted on PubMed, the Cochrane library and Google Scholar using relevant keywords. Fourteen studies exploring the relationship between ADHD and TDIs from 2005 and onward (including the proposal paper) were identified. Of the 12 controlled studies, nine reported confirming findings for a link with ADHD in the occurrence of TDIs. More than one-third of all children with ADHD may suffer from TDIs. In ADHD children, the most common types of injury were uncomplicated/complicated crown fractures and subluxation of maxillary central incisors resulting from falls and collisions. There is also evidence that ADHD represents an independent risk factor other than the well-established risk factor of incisor overjet. Over the last 10 years, convincing evidence has accumulated that ADHD is an important and common risk factor for TDIs. Increased awareness and side-by-side work of medical, dental and mental professionals at both clinical and research settings are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osman Sabuncuoglu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Marmara University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Yasin Irmak
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kasimpasa Military Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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18
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Amiri S, Sadeghi-Bazargani H, Nazari S, Ranjbar F, Abdi S. Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and risk of injuries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Inj Violence Res 2016; 9:95-105. [PMID: 28554188 PMCID: PMC5556632 DOI: 10.5249/jivr.v9i2.858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This study systematically reviewed the literature in order to determine the effect of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) on injuries and assessed the magnitude of the potential association. Methods: A systematic review of the studies examining the association of ADHD and injuries was carried out across multiple databases. Odds ratios and standardized mean differences were pooled. Results: A total of 35 studies were selected for quantitative analysis. The association of ADHD and injuries was confirmed over the meta-analysis of eligible studies. The odds ratio pooled over all comparative studies was 1.96(95% CI: 1.6-2.4) using random effects model. Pooled odds ratio of 2.1 and 2.17 were calculated respectively when cohort and case-control studies or just cohort studies were included. The pooled odds ratio reduced to 1.8(CI:1.45-2.3) when studies on specific injuries were removed. For studies comparing scores of rating scales, the pooled standardized mean difference was 0.61(95% CI: 0.03-1.2). Conclusions: Those with ADHD are nearly two times more likely to be injured.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani
- Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Department of Statistics & Epidemiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Oyedele TA, Jegede AT, Folayan MO. Prevalence and family structures related factors associated with crown trauma in school children resident in suburban Nigeria. BMC Oral Health 2016; 16:116. [PMID: 27814704 PMCID: PMC5097397 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-016-0314-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple risk factors have been identified for traumatic dental injuries, including crown fractures, in various age groups and various populations. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, risk factors and family related factors for crown trauma among 8 to 16 year-old children in a suburban population, Nigeria. METHODS This is a secondary analysis of a data of 2107 children collected through a school-based survey. Study participants were 8 to 16 year-old resident in suburban Nigeria. The independent variables for the study were age, sex, socioeconomic status, and birth rank, family size and parenting status (one parent, step parent, both parents, and guardians). Details were collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire. Intraoral examination was conducted to identify presence of crown fracture. The independent variables associated with and predictors of crown trauma were determinedusing chi-square and logistic regression analysis respectively. RESULTS Only 167 (7.9 %) of the 2107 study participants had crown trauma. The teeth level prevalence of crown trauma was 0.33 %. Children with middle socioeconomic status had reduced odds of having crown trauma when compared with children with low socioeconomic status (AOR 0.50; CI 0.32-0.80). The odds of having crown traumawas more than doubled in males when compared with females (AOR 2.41; CI 1.72-3.39) and almost doubled in children living with single parents when compared with children living with both parents (AOR 1.94; CI 1.29-3.05). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of crown traumawas low in this study population. Being a female and having lowsocioeconomic status significantly reduced the risk factors for crown traumawhile living with single parents increased risk for crown trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Oyedele
- Department of Surgery, Ben Carson School of Medicine, Babcock University, Ilisan-Remo, Ogun, Nigeria. .,Dental Department, Babcock University Teaching Hospital, Ilisan-Remo, Ogun, Nigeria.
| | - A T Jegede
- Dental Department, Babcock University Teaching Hospital, Ilisan-Remo, Ogun, Nigeria
| | - M O Folayan
- Department of Child Dental Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria
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20
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Mota-Veloso I, Soares MEC, Homem MA, Marques LS, Ramos-Jorge ML, Ramos-Jorge J. Signs of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder as a risk factor for traumatic dental injury among schoolchildren: a case-control study. Int J Paediatr Dent 2016; 26:471-476. [PMID: 26774707 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The determination of risk factors for traumatic dental injury (TDI) is important to the implementation of preventive measures. AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between signs of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and TDI. MATERIAL AND METHODS A case-control (1 : 1) study involved a population-based sample of 230 schoolchildren aged seven to 12 years. The case and control groups were composed of children with (n = 115) and without (n = 115) TDI, respectively. The groups were matched for age and sex. The outcome variable (TDI) was detected using the O'Brien criteria. The main independent variable (signs of ADHD) was evaluated using the Swanson, Nolan and Pelham scale (version IV) administered to parents and teachers. Socio-demographic characteristics and accentuated overjet were analyzed as confounding factors. Statistical analysis involved the McNemar's test as well as the bivariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression. RESULTS The multivariate regression demonstrated that schoolchildren with the signs of hyperactivity (parental reports) had a 2.33-fold greater chance of exhibiting TDI (95% CI: 1.10-4.94) than those without this condition, as well as those with accentuated overjet (OR = 3.13, 95% CI: 1.70-5.77). CONCLUSION Schoolchildren whose parents reported signs suggestive of hyperactivity had a greater chance of exhibiting TDI than those without such signs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Mota-Veloso
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maria Eliza C Soares
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Márcio Alexandre Homem
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Leandro Silva Marques
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Maria Letícia Ramos-Jorge
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Joana Ramos-Jorge
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil.
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21
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Blokland A, Watt RG, Tsakos G, Heilmann A. Traumatic dental injuries and socioeconomic position - findings from the Children's Dental Health Survey 2013. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2016; 44:586-591. [DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Blokland
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health; University College London; London UK
| | - Richard G. Watt
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health; University College London; London UK
| | - Georgios Tsakos
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health; University College London; London UK
| | - Anja Heilmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health; University College London; London UK
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22
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Ramchandani D, Marcenes W, Stansfeld SA, Bernabé E. Problem behaviour and traumatic dental injuries in adolescents. Dent Traumatol 2015; 32:65-70. [DOI: 10.1111/edt.12220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damini Ramchandani
- Division of Population and Patient Health; King's College London Dental Institute at Guy's; King's College and St. Thomas' Hospitals; London UK
| | - Wagner Marcenes
- Institute of Dentistry; Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry; Queen Mary University of London; London UK
| | - Stephen A. Stansfeld
- Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine; Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry; Queen Mary University of London; London UK
| | - Eduardo Bernabé
- Division of Population and Patient Health; King's College London Dental Institute at Guy's; King's College and St. Thomas' Hospitals; London UK
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23
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The prevalence of incisor hypomineralisation and its relationship with the prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralisation. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2015; 16:265-9. [PMID: 25894246 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-014-0171-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To establish the prevalence of incisor hypomineralisation (IH) in a cohort of 12-year-old children in Northern England and to relate the prevalence to gender, socioeconomic status, and the prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH). METHOD The study population comprised 12-year-old children participating in the 2008-2009 National Dental Epidemiological Programme in five regions in Northern England. Participating dentists were trained and calibrated in the use of the modified Developmental Defects of Enamel Index. Children were examined at school under direct vision with the aid of a dental mirror. First permanent molars and incisors were recorded for the presence and type of enamel defects greater than 2 mm. A diagnosis of MIH was ascribed to any child with a demarcated defect in any first permanent molar. A diagnosis of IH was ascribed to any child with a demarcated defect in an incisor but with molar sparing. RESULTS 3,233 children were examined. The prevalence of IH was 11.0 % (95 % CI 11.0-12.2 %). There was a strong positive correlation between the prevalence of MIH and IH in different regions which reached significance (r = 0.9, p = 0.037) according to Spearman's rho test of correlation. There was a similar pattern of prevalence in the different socioeconomic quintiles although this correlation did not reach significance. The most common teeth affected in IH were the maxillary central incisors, followed by the maxillary lateral incisors and followed by the mandibular incisors. There was no difference in the prevalence of IH by gender. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of IH was 11.0 %. The variation of prevalence between regions and socioeconomic groups and the distribution of lesions in the teeth were very similar to observations seen in MIH children from the same cohort.
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Basha S, Mohammad RN, Swamy HS, Sexena V. Association between Traumatic Dental Injury, Obesity, and Socioeconomic Status in 6- and 13-Year-Old Schoolchildren. SOCIAL WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 30:336-344. [PMID: 25812163 DOI: 10.1080/19371918.2014.1002598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and poverty are independent risk factors in trauma-related morbidity in children as well as adolescents. The main objective of this study was to investigate the association between traumatic dental injury, obesity, and socioeconomic status in 6- and 13-year-old schoolchildren in Davangere city, Karnataka, India. Data were obtained from 1,550 schoolchildren. Dental trauma was classified according to Andreasen's criteria. The medical evaluation assessed the Body Mass Index. Overjet was considered a risk factor when it presented values higher than 3 mm, whereas lip coverage was classified as adequate or inadequate. With appropriate sample weighting, relationships between traumatic dental injury and other variables were assessed using the chi-squared test and multivariable logistic regression. Overall prevalence of dental injuries was 10.52% (3.6% in 6-year-olds and 17.2% in 13-year-olds). Boys experienced more injuries than girls, 11.03% and 9.97%, respectively (p>.05). There was a statistically significant difference between traumatic dental injury and overjet (95% confidence interval [CI] [2.06, 4.78], p < 001) and between traumatic dental injury and inadequate lip coverage (95% CI [1.23, 4.65], p < .001). When adjusted for covariates, the logistic regression model showed that there was a significant association between obese children (p < .05) and dental trauma prevalence. Children from low socioeconomic status had an odds ratio 2.33 (95% CI [1.05, 3.97]) times higher likelihood of having dental trauma than children from medium and upper socioeconomic status. To conclude the results of this study support an association between traumatic dental injuries, obesity, and poverty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakeenabi Basha
- a Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry , College of Dental Sciences , Davangere , Karnataka , India
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25
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CORRÊA-FARIA P, PAIVA SM, PORDEUS IA, RAMOS-JORGE ML. Influence of clinical and socioeconomic indicators on dental trauma in preschool children. Braz Oral Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2015.vol29.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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26
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School bullying and traumatic dental injuries in East London adolescents. Br Dent J 2014; 217:E26. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2014.1123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Hergüner A, Erdur AE, Başçiftçi FA, Herguner S. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in children with traumatic dental injuries. Dent Traumatol 2014; 31:140-3. [DOI: 10.1111/edt.12153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arzu Hergüner
- Konya Training and Research Hospital; Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinic; Konya Turkey
| | - Aybuke Emire Erdur
- Department of Orthodontis; Selcuk University; Faculty of Dentistry; Konya Turkey
| | | | - Sabri Herguner
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry; Necmettin Erbakan University; Meram Faculty of Medicine; Konya Turkey
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Feldens CA, Kramer PF, Feldens EG, Pacheco LM, Vítolo MR. Socioeconomic, behavioral, and anthropometric risk factors for traumatic dental injuries in childhood: a cohort study. Int J Paediatr Dent 2014; 24:234-43. [PMID: 24102653 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate risk factors for the occurrence of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) at 4 years of age. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. METHODS A birth cohort (n = 500) was recruited from the public healthcare system in São Leopoldo, Brazil. Demographic, socioeconomic, anthropometric, and behavioral variables were collected at 6 months, 1 year, and 4 years of age. Clinical examinations at 4 years of age were carried out by a single examiner using the Andreasen classification. Poisson regression was used to determine risk factors for the occurrence of TDI at 4 years of age. RESULTS A total of 23.7% of the children (80/337) exhibited TDI at 4 years of age. The risk of TDI was 35% lower among children who had been breastfeed for ≥6 months relative risk (RR 0.65; 95% CI 0.43-0.97) and more than twofold higher among those who were bottle fed ≥ three times a day (RR 2.37; 95% CI 1.10-5.11) at 12 months of age. Higher household income in the first year of life and greater height at 4 years of age were significantly associated with the outcome. CONCLUSIONS The identification of behavioral, socioeconomic, and anthropometric risk factors for TDI in early childhood can contribute to the elaboration of prevention strategies.
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Vijaykumar S, Guna Shekhar M, Vijayakumar R. Traumatic Dental Injuries and Its Relation to Overweight among Indian School Children Living in an Urban Area. J Clin Diagn Res 2013; 7:2631-3. [PMID: 24392425 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2013/7528.3633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries to permanent incisors and explore the association between dental trauma and overweight in a sample of school children residing in an urban area. Our hypothesis was that there was a significant association between overweight and the presence of dental trauma among urban children. MATERIAL AND METHODS This cross-sectional survey included 858 school children aged 10-12 years, of both sexes, randomly selected from 12 schools in urban Bangalore, India. The dental examination for traumatic injuries included only maxillary and mandibular permanent incisors. Anthropometric data were collected and Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated (weight in kg/(height in meters)(2). RESULTS The prevalence of Traumatic Dental Injuries (TDI) was 15.04% and boys experienced more traumatic injuries than girls, but the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). OW boys sustained more TDI than OW girls and the association between dental trauma and OW was statistically significant (p<0.05; OR=3.85; 95% CI=2.62-5.24). CONCLUSION Overweight could be considered a significant risk factor for the occurrence of TDI to permanent incisors in Indian school children residing in urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Singamaneni Vijaykumar
- Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics , Rajahmundry, AP, India
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30
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Käch M, Krastl G, Zitzmann NU, Kühl S, Filippi A. Birth order--a risk factor for dental trauma? Dent Traumatol 2013; 30:118-21. [PMID: 23998194 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many character traits are influenced by birth order with greatest differences between first and lastborns. AIM To investigate the influence of birth order on the risk of dental trauma. METHODS Five hundred mothers in Switzerland were interviewed personally regarding dental trauma in their children. Inclusion criteria were a family size of at least two children. Data of 1282 children were collected. RESULTS Thirty-two percent of the children had sustained one or more dental trauma before the age of 16 (57% male, 43% female). In children who had sustained dental trauma twice, the gender ratio moved to 68% male and 32% female (P = 0.003). Regarding birth order, lastborns sustained more second dental traumas. Relative risk of second dental trauma was 2.1 times higher in lastborns than in firstborns (P = 0.02). Moreover, certain character traits in children are influenced by birth order. According to their mothers, lastborns were more curious, less calm and less deliberate than firstborns (P < 0.001). Second born without younger siblings were more athletic/active than firstborns (P = 0.011). Athletic/active children as well as not calm/deliberate children sustained second dental trauma more often than not athletic/active (P = 0.038) and calm/deliberate children (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Birth order is a risk factor for sustaining dental trauma twice. Character traits of lastborns (curious, not calm/deliberate and aggressive) could be reasons for higher risk of dental trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Käch
- Department of Oral Surgery, Oral Radiology and Oral Medicine, Centre of Dental Traumatology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Ranka M, Dhaliwal H, Albadri S, Brown C. Trauma to the primary dentition and its sequelae. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 40:534-6, 539-40, 542. [DOI: 10.12968/denu.2013.40.7.534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meena Ranka
- Consultant, Restorative Dentistry, Royal Preston Hospital, Sharoe Green Lane, Fulwood, Preston, PR2 9HT, UK
| | - Harmeet Dhaliwal
- FTTA Orthodontics, Leeds Dental Institute, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK
| | - Sondos Albadri
- Senior Lecturer and Honorary Consultant, Paediatric Dentistry, Liverpool University Dental Hospital, Pembroke Place, L3 5PS, UK
| | - Catriona Brown
- Consultant, Paediatric Dentistry, Birmingham Dental Hospital, St Chad's Queensway, Birmingham, B4 6NN, UK
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de Oliveira Filho PM, Jorge KO, Paiva PCP, Ferreira EFE, Ramos-Jorge ML, Zarzar PM. The prevalence of dental trauma and its association with illicit drug use among adolescents. Dent Traumatol 2013; 30:122-7. [DOI: 10.1111/edt.12059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kang JH, Lin HC, Chung SD. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder increased the risk of injury: a population-based follow-up study. Acta Paediatr 2013; 102:640-3. [PMID: 23647526 DOI: 10.1111/apa.12213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To explore the frequency and risk for injury among children with Attention-deficit/hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Taiwan through a population-based study. METHODS A total of 3616 subjects aged between four and twelve years diagnosed with ADHD were selected along with a comparison cohort comprising 18 080 subjects. Each subject was individually traced for a three-year period from their index date to identify those subjects who subsequently received a diagnosis of injury. We used stratified Cox proportional hazards regressions to examine the three-year injury-free survival rates between the two cohorts. RESULTS Of the subjects, the incidence rate of injury during the three-year follow-up period was 7.97 (95% CI = 7.45-8.51) and 5.36 (95% CI = 5.17-5.56) for the study and comparison cohort, respectively. After adjusting for geographic region, the hazard ratio (HR) of injury for subjects with ADHD was 1.64 (95% CI = 1.50-1.79) that of comparison subjects. In addition, we found children with ADHD aged between four and 6 years to demonstrate a greater HR (1.98, 95% CI = 1.72-2.28) than those aged between seven and twelve (HR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.31-1.63). CONCLUSIONS Children with ADHD appear to be at a higher risk for injury than children that are not diagnosed with ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiunn-Horng Kang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Taipei Medical University Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; School of Medicine; College of Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Herng-Ching Lin
- School of Health Care Administration; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Shiu-Dong Chung
- School of Health Care Administration; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
- Division of Urology; Department of Surgery; Far Eastern Memorial Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
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Feldens CA, Kramer PF, Fakhruddin KS, Al Kawas S. Socioeconomic status and traumatic dental injuries. Dent Traumatol 2013; 29:248-50. [DOI: 10.1111/edt.12018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Sabuncuoglu O. Understanding the relationships between breastfeeding, malocclusion, ADHD, sleep-disordered breathing and traumatic dental injuries. Med Hypotheses 2013; 80:315-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2012.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Revised: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Circummandibular Wiring of Symphysis Fracture in a Five-Year-Old Child. Case Rep Dent 2013; 2013:930789. [PMID: 23864964 PMCID: PMC3707230 DOI: 10.1155/2013/930789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of pediatric maxillofacial fractures is unique due to the psychological, physiological, developmental, and anatomical characteristics of children.
Method. This case report describes the management of symphysis fracture of mandible in a 5-year-old boy. The fracture was treated by acrylic splint with circummandibular wiring.
Results. The splint was removed after 3 weeks. The patient had no complaints, and radiograph revealed a healed fracture.
Conclusion. The clinical outcome in the present case indicates the management of mandibular fractures in pediatric patients using acrylic splint with circummandibular wiring.
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Turkistani J, Hanno A. Recent trends in the management of dentoalveolar traumatic injuries to primary and young permanent teeth. Dent Traumatol 2011; 27:46-54. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2010.00950.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Feldens CA, Kramer PF, Ferreira SH, Spiguel MH, Marquezan M. Exploring factors associated with traumatic dental injuries in preschool children: a Poisson regression analysis. Dent Traumatol 2010; 26:143-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2009.00858.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Årtun J, Al‐Azemi R. Social and behavioral risk factors for maxillary incisor trauma in an adolescent Arab population. Dent Traumatol 2009; 25:589-593. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2009.00827.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jon Årtun
- Department of Developmental and Preventive Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait
| | - Rashed Al‐Azemi
- Department of Developmental and Preventive Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait
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Avsar A, Akbaş S, Ataibiş T. Traumatic dental injuries in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Dent Traumatol 2009; 25:484-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2009.00792.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mohandas U, Chandan GD. Knowledge, attitude and practice in emergency management of dental injury among physical education teachers: a survey in Bangalore urban schools. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2009; 27:242-8. [PMID: 19915276 DOI: 10.4103/0970-4388.57660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess, by means of a self administered structured questionnaire, the level of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of physical education teachers in Bangalore city with regards to emergency management of dental injuries. The questionnaire surveyed the physical education teacher's background, knowledge of management of tooth fracture, avulsion, luxation injuries, it also investigated physical education teacher's attitude and the way they handle the injuries. The sample consisted 580 teachers from 700 selected schools in Bangalore city. Chi-square test was applied to test the significance between trained and untrained teachers. Among the population 70% were males physical education teachers 30% were females. 95% of the teachers had physical education training and 5% did not have the training. 95% of the population had first aid component and 5% did not have. Only 25% of trained physical education teachers had correct knowledge about tooth identification and 17% among untrained teachers. 81% of trained teachers answered correctly regarding management of fractured anterior teeth against 27.5% of untrained teachers (P< 0.0002). The present report indicates that there is lack of knowledge and practice among physical education teachers in Bangalore city regarding emergency management of dental trauma. Educational programs to improve the knowledge and awareness among the teachers have to be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Mohandas
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, VS Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka-560 004, India
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Altun C, Ozen B, Esenlik E, Guven G, Gürbüz T, Acikel C, Basak F, Akbulut E. Traumatic injuries to permanent teeth in Turkish children, Ankara. Dent Traumatol 2009; 25:309-13. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2009.00778.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Jorge KO, Moysés SJ, e Ferreira EF, Ramos-Jorge ML, de Araújo Zarzar PMP. Prevalence and factors associated to dental trauma in infants 1-3 years of age. Dent Traumatol 2009; 25:185-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2008.00730.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Glendor U. Aetiology and risk factors related to traumatic dental injuries - a review of the literature. Dent Traumatol 2009; 25:19-31. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2008.00694.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Wasmer C, Pohl Y, Filippi A. Traumatic dental injuries in twins: Is there a genetic risk for dental injuries? Dent Traumatol 2008; 24:619-24. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2008.00681.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Ozel E, Kazandag MK, Soyman M, Bayirli G. Two-year follow-up of fractured anterior teeth restored with direct composite resin: report of three cases. Dent Traumatol 2008; 24:589-92. [PMID: 18821971 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2008.00580.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Thirty-five (case 1), 15 (case 2) and 22 (case 3)-year-old female patients presented to Yeditepe University Dental Faculty Clinic because of esthetic reasons. Fractures of maxillar central incisors including enamel and dentin were diagnosed. Beveling with diamond bur was performed in all four cases. Dentin was cleaned with tungsten carbid bur. The teeth were etched with 37% phosphoric acid, restored with an adhesive system and microhybrid composite. Finishing and polishing procedures were performed by discs (Sof-Lex) and burs. Restorations were found successful according to modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria after 2 years in terms of retention, color match, marginal discoloration, secondary caries, marginal adaptation, and surface texture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Ozel
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Bimstein E, Wilson J, Guelmann M, Primosch R. Oral characteristics of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2008; 28:107-10. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1754-4505.2008.00021.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Soriano EP, Caldas ADF, Diniz De Carvalho MV, Amorim Filho HDA. Prevalence and risk factors related to traumatic dental injuries in Brazilian schoolchildren. Dent Traumatol 2007; 23:232-40. [PMID: 17635357 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2005.00426.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors associated with the occurrence of dental trauma in permanent anterior teeth of schoolchildren in Recife, Brazil. It included a random sample of 1046 boys and girls aged 12 attending both public and private schools. The sample size was calculated using a 95% confidence interval level; a statistical significance of 5% (alpha); a sample power of 80%; and an odds ratio of 1.55. The sample selection was carried out in two stages: first, schools were selected by simple sampling, and then children were chosen using a proportionality coefficient. Data were collected through clinical examinations and interviews, after examiner calibration. Dental trauma was classified according to Andreasen criteria. Overjet was considered a risk factor when it presented values higher than 5 mm. Lip coverage was classified as adequate or inadequate, while obesity was considered according to National Center for Health Statistics procedures for the assessment of nutritional status. Data were summarized and analyzed using the statistical software SPSS. The prevalence of dental injuries was 10.5%. Boys experienced more injuries than girls, 12.2% and 8.8%, respectively (P > 0.05). Children attending public schools presented more traumatic injuries than those from private schools, 11.4% and 9.5%, respectively, but there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between traumatic dental injuries and overjet (P < 0.05); between traumatic dental injuries and inadequate lip coverage (P = 0.000), and between obesity and dental trauma (P < 0.05). It was concluded that boys attending public schools and presenting an overjet size >5 mm, inadequate lip coverage, and obesity were more likely to have traumatic dental injuries in Recife, Brazil.
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Sabuncuoglu O. Traumatic dental injuries and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: is there a link? Dent Traumatol 2007; 23:137-42. [PMID: 17511834 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2005.00431.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) constitute a major cause of morbidity among children worldwide. Both TDIs and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are prevalent conditions with similar male-to-female predominance and similar age of presentation. While the commonest causes of TDIs have been identified as playground or sports accidents, a well-known feature of ADHD is accident proneness. Violence, another significant risk factor for TDIs, is more likely to be observed in conduct disorder, a common comorbidity of ADHD. Also, both TDIs and ADHD have been found to be associated with left-handedness. The presence of multiple dental trauma episodes (MDTE), as well as increased risk for non-dental injuries in children with TDIs indicates an underlying persistent condition, which resembles ADHD. Higher point prevalence of mental distress at age 30, found to be associated with increased lifetime prevalence of TDIs, may also be taken as an evidence of a background developmental disorder persisting into adulthood with various comorbidities. In conclusion, this review combines the results of several studies and explains the significance of ADHD as an underlying and predisposing factor for TDIs. Increased awareness and close collaboration between different disciplines involved are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osman Sabuncuoglu
- Department of Child Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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50
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Prevalence and risk factors related to traumatic dental injuries in Brazilian schoolchildren. Dent Traumatol 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2007.00426.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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