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Wang Y, Kang HK. The Role of Triggers in Physical Activity among College Students: An Extended Model of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:328. [PMID: 38667122 PMCID: PMC11047562 DOI: 10.3390/bs14040328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to extend the Theory of Planned Behavior with Triggers (TPBT) to improve the prediction of physical activity (PA) behavior using the TPB model. METHODS Questionnaires, including the TPB scale, PA rating scale (PARS-3), and triggers scale, were administered to 596 Chinese college students, and the data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 24.0. RESULTS Subjective norm (SN), attitude (AT), and perceived behavioral control (PBC) all significantly and positively affected behavioral intention (BI). The path coefficient of PA behavior was significantly influenced by the interaction term of three types of triggers and BI, and the TPB with Triggers (TPBT) model improved the explanation rate of PA behavior. CONCLUSION Triggers have a moderating effect on the relationship between BI and PA behavior, and the TPBT model better explains college students' PA behavior. Among the three dimensions of triggers, people are more receptive to facilitator and signal triggers than spark triggers. This has practical implications for practitioners designing interventions to promote PA among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunbo Wang
- School of Physical Education, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, China;
| | - Hyoung-Kil Kang
- Department of Physical Education, Kyungnam University, Changwon 51767, Republic of Korea
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Yao F, Shi C, Wang X, Ji Y, Liu Y, Li HX. Exploring the intentional unsafe behavior of workers in prefabricated construction based on structural equation modeling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:1589-1606. [PMID: 38044402 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30894-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Compared with traditional onsite construction, prefabricated construction has a more complex working environment, resulting in more safety risks. While cognitive failure has been identified as a primary cause of intentional unsafe behaviors, there remains a lack of knowledge on the formation mechanism underlying intentional unsafe behaviors among workers in precast construction. Using the Theory of Planned Behavior and the risk preference variable, this study constructs a theoretical model for intentional unsafe behaviors of precast construction workers. Data related to precast construction and safety management activities is collected from 208 frontline workers. Structural Equation Modeling is used to test and modify the theoretical model in order to identify the formation mechanism and pathway underlying intentional unsafe behaviors. The findings show that: (1) workers' perceptual behavior control, behavior and attitude, risk preference, and subjective norms influence their intention to engage in unsafe behavior and subsequently lead to intentional unsafe behavior; (2) the effect of personal risk preference on intentional unsafe behaviors is significant, contributing 7.71% to overall intentional unsafe behavior; and (3) the effects of the observed variables are more evident than the initial theoretical model. The most prominent of these are the effects of task intensity (IBC1), safety equipment (IBC2), worker behavior (IOW1), historical behavior (IBC3), and behavioral belief (BAA3). Finally, comprehensive measures to control the intentional unsafe behaviors of precast construction workers are recommended. The results of this study are useful for reducing the occurrence of intentional unsafe behaviors by workers and reducing the incidence of accidents in a complex manufacturing-oriented construction environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyi Yao
- School of Civil Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaofan Shi
- School of Civil Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowen Wang
- Policy Processing Section, Hangzhou Fuyang Jiaotuo Ecological Environment Engineering Limited Company, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingbo Ji
- School of Civil Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Civil Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Xian Li
- School of Architecture and Built Environment, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20001, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
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Mathew A, Isbanner S, Xi Y, Rundle-Thiele S, David P, Li G, Lee D. A systematic literature review of voluntary behaviour change approaches in single use plastic reduction. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 336:117582. [PMID: 36913853 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plastic waste is a leading contributor to climate change due to its build up in landfill and oceans, releasing harmful greenhouse gases and causing harm to ecosystems. The past decade has seen a rise in the number of policies and legislative regulations surrounding the use of single-use plastics (SUP). Such measures are needed and have shown effectiveness in the reduction of SUP's. However, it is becoming apparent that voluntary behaviour change efforts, which preserve autonomous decision making are also needed to further reduce demand for SUP. This mixed-methods systematic review had three aims, 1) synthesise existing voluntary behavioural change interventions and approaches aimed at reducing SUP consumption, 2) assess the level of autonomy preserved in interventions, and 3) assess the extent of theory use in voluntary SUP reduction interventions. A systematic search was executed across six electronic databases. Eligible studies were peer-reviewed literature published in English between 2000 and 2022 reporting on voluntary behaviour change programs aimed at reducing the consumption of SUPs. Quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Overall, 30 articles were included. Due to the heterogenic nature of outcome data in included studies, meta-analytic analysis was not possible. However, data were extracted and narratively synthesised. Communication and informational campaigns were the most common intervention approach with most interventions taking place in community or commercial settings. There was limited theory use among included studies (27% used theory). A framework was created using the criteria outlined by Geiger et al. (2021) to evaluate level of autonomy preserved in included interventions. Overall, level of autonomy preserved in included interventions was low. This review highlights the urgent need for more research into voluntary SUP reduction strategies, increased integration of theory in intervention development, and higher levels of autonomy preservation in SUP reduction interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alieena Mathew
- Social Marketing @ Griffith, Griffith Business School, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia.
| | - Sebastian Isbanner
- Social Marketing @ Griffith, Griffith Business School, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia.
| | - Yue Xi
- Social Marketing @ Griffith, Griffith Business School, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia.
| | - Sharyn Rundle-Thiele
- Social Marketing @ Griffith, Griffith Business School, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia.
| | - Patricia David
- Khemistry, 23 Kyabra St, Newstead, QLD, 4006, Australia.
| | - Gabriel Li
- School of Professional Education and Executive Development, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University 9 Hoi Ting Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
| | - Daisy Lee
- School of Professional Education and Executive Development, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University 9 Hoi Ting Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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The effects of social-media based social comparison information and similarity mindsets on COVID-19 vaccination uptake cognitions. J Behav Med 2022; 46:276-289. [PMID: 35522398 PMCID: PMC9073443 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-022-00321-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy—delays in vaccine uptake when one is readily available—is an important public health issue. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the role of psychosocial factors in influencing cognitions and behaviors related to vaccine uptake have been examined. Using an online sample of unvaccinated U.S. adults (N = 300), we examined the influence of COVID-19-related social media-based comparison information (e.g., others’ attitudes about taking the vaccine)—as well as the moderating impact of (dis)similarity mindsets and indirect influence of affective associations, norm perceptions, and self-evaluations of efficacy—on vaccination uptake intentions. Participants reported higher intentions for vaccine uptake following exposure to cautious comparison models (e.g., those that engaged in health prevention behaviors, intended to get vaccinated) versus risky comparison models (e.g., those who did not engage in health prevention behaviors, did not intend to get vaccinated) and neutral comparison models and this effect was indirect through positive affective associations about taking the vaccine. There were no main or interactive effects of (dis)similarity mindsets. Understanding the psychosocial factors that influence health cognitions and behaviors in the context of an infectious disease pandemic will advance theoretical development and aid in creating interventions targeting vaccine uptake.
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de Vries R, Boesveldt S, Sotomayor Sainz A, Copier J, de Vet E. Wired for harsh food environments: Human spatial memory favours the effortless location and consumption of high-calorie foods. Food Qual Prefer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2021.104478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Lee J, Keil M, Lee JS, Baird A, Choi HY. Gender Effects on the Impact of Colorectal Cancer Risk Calculators on Screening Intentions: An Experimental Study (Preprint). JMIR Form Res 2022. [DOI: 10.2196/37553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Taylor KA, Humphrey WF. Impact of Medical Blog Reading and Information Presentation on Readers' Preventative Health Intentions: Mixed Methods, Multistudy Investigation. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e23210. [PMID: 34941543 PMCID: PMC8734913 DOI: 10.2196/23210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Medical blogs have become valuable information sources for patients and caregivers. Most research has focused on patients’ creation of blogs as therapy. But we know less about how these blogs affect their readers and what format of information influences readers to take preventative health actions. Objective This study aimed to identify how reading patient medical blogs influences readers’ perceived health risk and their intentions to engage in preventative health actions. Further, we aimed to examine the format of the medical blog and the reader’s response. Methods We surveyed 99 university participants and a general-population, online panel of 167 participants. Both studies randomly assigned participants to conditions and measured blog evaluation, intentions for preventative health action, and evaluation of health risk and beliefs, and allowed open-ended comments. The second study used a different sample and added a control condition. A third study used a convenience sample of blog readers to evaluate the link between reading medical blogs and taking preventative health action. Results Across 3 studies, participants indicated a desire to take future preventative health action after reading patient blogs. Studies 1 and 2 used experimental scenario-based designs, while Study 3 employed a qualitative design with real blog readers. The 2 experimental studies showed that the type of blog impacted intentions to engage in future preventative health actions (Study 1: F2,96=6.08, P=.003; Study 2: F3,166=2.59, P=.06), with a statistical blog being most effective in both studies and a personal narrative blog showing similar effectiveness in Study 2, contrary to some prior research. The readers’ perceptions of their own health risk did not impact the relationship between the blog type and health intentions. In contrast, in one study, participants’ judgments about the barriers they might face to accessing care improved the fit of the model (F2,95=13.57, P<.001). In Study 3’s sample of medical blog readers, 53% (24/45) reported taking preventative health action after reading a health blog, including performing a self-check, asking a doctor about their health risk, or requesting a screening test. Additionally, these readers expressed that they read the blogs to follow the author (patient) and to learn general health information. All studies demonstrated the blogs were somewhat sad and emotional but also informative and well-written. They noted that the blogs made them appreciate life more and motivated them to consider taking some action regarding their health. Conclusions Reading patient blogs influences intentions to take future health actions. However, blog formats show different efficacy, and the readers’ disease risk perceptions do not. Physicians, medical practitioners, and health organizations may find it useful to curate or promote selected medical blogs to influence patient behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Taylor
- Department of Marketing & Logistics, College of Business, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - William F Humphrey
- Department of Marketing & Logistics, College of Business, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
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Wynn C, Smith L, Killen C. How Power Influences Behavior in Projects: A Theory of Planned Behavior Perspective. PROJECT MANAGEMENT JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/87569728211052592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
While the effect of power on organizations has been well researched, how power influences behavior in projects is less well understood. Taking a case-study approach and using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), we traced the thoughts of project managers subject to power, particularly those who resisted. We discovered that power bore down on project managers through new injunctive norms, encouraging them either not to resist or eventually to compromise and yield to new norms that changed their experiential attitudes. The TPB brings a new perspective to project management research, illustrating how power affected project managers’ behavior and influenced project outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor Wynn
- BehaviourWorks, Monash Sustainable Development Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Liam Smith
- BehaviourWorks, Monash Sustainable Development Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Catherine Killen
- Faculty of Design Architecture and Building, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, Australia
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Andersen BL, Dorfman CS, Conley CC. Achieving oncology mental health providers' usage of an empirically supported treatment: Lessons learned. Psychooncology 2021; 30:794-803. [PMID: 33966323 PMCID: PMC8210804 DOI: 10.1002/pon.5699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is a need for oncology mental health providers to receive training to use empirically supported psychological treatments (ESTs) with their patients. The purpose of this editorial is to describe "lessons learned" from disseminating-conducting EST trainings-and supporting providers' capacity and confidence to use the EST. METHOD Processes and outcomes from conducting six, 3-days (18 h) EST training institutes from 2012-2016 are discussed. Institutes trained 166 full time oncology mental health providers from more than 100 different settings. The dissemination was intentionally designed to achieve EST implementation, i.e., therapists' sustained usage of the EST for at least 12 months post training. RESULTS Previously published discussion and findings show the effort was successful in achieving positive EST dissemination outcomes and sustained EST implementation by providers. Thus, "lessons learned" include discussions of (1) orientation to design education/training to achieve EST usage using theory based aims and outcomes of training efficacy; (2) multimodal, educational strategies used to achieve therapists' positive attitudes toward and self-efficacy to implement the EST; (3) guidance to therapists for adapting the EST to their practice settings while maintaining fidelity; (4) assistance to therapists to identify and problem solve implementation challenges; and (5) using patient reported outcome measures to determine clinical change. CONCLUSION Our discussion of the plan, methods, and goals of EST training contributes to the science of dissemination/implementation by providing support for (1) theory-informed EST dissemination, and (2) mechanisms of EST implementation. For researchers, our experience may guide future EST dissemination/implementation efforts in psycho-oncology. For therapists, lessons learned provide criteria for evaluating future continuing education options.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caroline S. Dorfman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Claire C. Conley
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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Chirico A, Lucidi F, Galli F, Giancamilli F, Vitale J, Borghi S, La Torre A, Codella R. COVID-19 Outbreak and Physical Activity in the Italian Population: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Underlying Psychosocial Mechanisms. Front Psychol 2020; 11:2100. [PMID: 32973631 PMCID: PMC7471606 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Italy is one of the first European epicenters of the COVID-19 pandemic. In attempts to hinder the spread of the novel coronavirus disease, Italian government hardened protective measures, from quarantine to lockdown, impacting millions of lives dramatically. Amongst the enacted restrictions, all non-essential activities were prohibited as well as all outdoor activities banned. However, at the first spur of the outbreak, for about a dozen of days, physical and sports activities were permitted, while maintaining social distancing. In this timeframe, by administering measures coming from self-determination theory and theory of planned behavior and anxiety state, in an integrated approach, we investigated the prevalence of these activities by testing, via a Structural Equation Model, the influence of such psychosocial variables on the intention to preserve physical fitness during the healthcare emergency. Through an adequate fit of the hypothesized model and a multi-group analysis, we compared the most COVID-19 hit Italian region - Lombardy - to the rest of Italy, finding that anxiety was significantly higher in the Lombardy region than the rest of the country. In addition, anxiety negatively influenced the intention to do physical activity. Giving the potential deleterious effects of physical inactivity due to personal restrictions, these data may increase preparedness of public health measures and attractiveness of recommendations, including on the beneficial effects of exercise, under circumstances of social distancing to control an outbreak of a novel infectious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Chirico
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Lucidi
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Galli
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Giancamilli
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Antonio La Torre
- IRCSS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Codella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
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Cervical cancer screening among HIV-infected women in an urban, United States safety-net healthcare system. AIDS 2018; 32:1861-1870. [PMID: 29762164 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000001881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Little is known about cervical cancer screening and results patterns among HIV-infected (HIV+) women in real-world healthcare settings. We characterized two periods of screening opportunity. DESIGN Retrospective cohort. SETTING US safety-net healthcare system in Dallas County, Texas. PARTICIPANTS We analyzed data from electronic medical records (EMR) of 1490 HIV+ women receiving care 2010-2014. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES At baseline, we categorized a woman's Pap status 15 months prior to index date as under-screened (vs. screened), and cytology result (normal vs. abnormal). Then, we examined screening completion and results, and colposcopy uptake and results after an abnormal screen, in the subsequent 15-month period. RESULTS More than half of women (56%) had no evidence of a Pap test (i.e. under-screened) at baseline. Under-screened women were more likely to be older (50-64 years), have diabetes, and unknown viral load; they were less likely to be Black, Hispanic, have Medicaid, recently pregnant, have a HIV clinic visit, or a CD4 cell count at least 200 cells/μl. Nearly half of under-screened women (46%, n = 383) remained under-screened in the subsequent 15 months. Among women under-screened at baseline who later completed screening and follow-up during the study period, 21 high-grade dysplasia and three cancers were diagnosed. Overall, 40% of women did not receive colposcopy when needed, with most failures to follow-up occurring in women who were under-screened at baseline. CONCLUSION Most HIV+ women receiving care in a safety-net system did not receive sufficient screening for cervical cancer and remained at exceptionally high risk of developing high-grade dysplasia.
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Ong R, Howting D, Rea A, Christian H, Charman P, Molster C, Ravenscroft G, Laing NG. Measuring the impact of genetic knowledge on intentions and attitudes of the community towards expanded preconception carrier screening. J Med Genet 2018; 55:744-752. [PMID: 30068663 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2018-105362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preconception carrier screening (PCS) provides the potential to empower couples to make reproductive choices before having an affected child. An important question is what factors influence the decision to use or not use PCS. METHODS We analysed the relationship between knowledge, attitudes and intentions to participate in PCS using logistic regression in 832 participants in Western Australia. RESULTS Two-thirds of participants said they would take the test, with 92% of these supporting screening for diseases reducing the lifespan of children and infants. Those who had good genetic knowledge were seven times more likely to intend to use PCS (p≤0.001), while those with high genetic knowledge were four times more likely to (p=0.002) and raised concerns such as insurance and confidentiality.Decreasing genetic knowledge correlated positively with religiosity and apprehension (p≤0.001), which correlated negatively with intention to use PCS (p≤0.001). Increasing genetic knowledge correlated positively with factors representing positive attitudes (p≤0.001), which correlated positively with intention to use PCS (p≤0.001). Many participants with good genetic knowledge nevertheless answered questions that tested understanding incorrectly.80% of participants stated they would prefer to access the test through their general practitioners and 30% would pay up to $A200. CONCLUSIONS Knowledge is instrumental in influencing participation. Having good genetic knowledge may not be enough to understand core concepts of PCS and may impact informed decision-making. This study recommends that continuous education of health professionals and thus the community, in PCS is crucial to reduce misconceptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Royston Ong
- Centre for Medical Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,QEII Medical Centre, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Denise Howting
- Centre for Medical Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,QEII Medical Centre, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Alethea Rea
- Centre for Applied Statistics, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Hayley Christian
- School of Population and Global Health, and Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Pauline Charman
- BioDiscovery Centre, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Caron Molster
- Department of Health Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gianina Ravenscroft
- Centre for Medical Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,QEII Medical Centre, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nigel George Laing
- Centre for Medical Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,QEII Medical Centre, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
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Saqib NU. Predicting cross-cultural intentions to engage in physical activity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND HEALTHCARE MARKETING 2018. [DOI: 10.1108/ijphm-12-2016-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
This research identifies cross-cultural differences between perception and behavioral intentions of Western and South Asian consumers to engage in physical activity. The theory of planned behavior is applied. It aims to provide insights to healthcare marketers and managers to address the problems of being overweight and obese in South Asia.
Design/methodology/approach
Path analysis was used to conduct this research. Two online questionnaires were used to collect data from South Asian and North American respondents. Cross-cultural differences were identified based on results from structural equation models.
Findings
Path analysis shows that the theory of planned behavior effectively predicted the behavioral intentions of North American and South Asian respondents. South Asians are more strongly influenced by subjective norms and perceived behavioral control in their intentions to engage in physical activity. On the other hand, North Americans are more strongly influenced by their attitudes.
Practical implications
A consistent campaign to increase awareness about the risks of being overweight and obese will be necessary in South Asian countries to address this problem. Healthcare marketers need to emphasize marketing messages that lead to positive attitudes toward a healthy lifestyle in society and form public opinion such that it increases the role of social norms.
Originality/value
The research establishes the utility of the theory of planned behavior for South Asian populations. It identifies cross-cultural differences in terms of how behavioral intentions to engage in physical activity are formed in North American and South Asian populations. The findings are relevant to healthcare service managers and marketers in South Asia.
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Spina M, Arndt J, Landau MJ, Cameron LD. Enhancing Health Message Framing With Metaphor and Cultural Values: Impact on Latinas' Cervical Cancer Screening. Ann Behav Med 2018; 52:106-115. [PMID: 29538628 PMCID: PMC6361230 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kax009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An integration of message framing and sociocultural literature suggests that ethnic health disparities may be reduced by incorporating minority groups' cultural values into persuasive health messages. Framing messages with metaphors represents one promising strategy for harnessing cultural values to change health outcomes. Still, the effectiveness of metaphoric health messages in minority populations has received virtually no empirical attention. Purpose To fill this gap, the present study tested whether a health message using a cancer-screening metaphor targeting collectivism and familism values would engage individual differences in these values to predict Papanicolaou (Pap) smear intentions among Latinas. Methods Latina women (N = 168) completed an online survey including measures of collectivism and familism. They were randomized to read a message about Pap smears featuring the metaphor the body is a family or no metaphor before reporting their Pap smear intentions. Results Regression analyses revealed a pattern of interactions suggesting metaphoric messages engage targeted cultural values: For Latinas reading the family metaphor message, collectivism and familism positively predicted Pap smear intentions, whereas for Latinas reading the no-metaphor message, these values did not predict intentions. Conclusions This study offers a foundation for further examination of the potential for metaphoric health messages that connect to cultural values to reduce ethnic health disparities. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Spina
- Department of Counseling, San Francisco State University, CA, USA
| | - Jamie Arndt
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, MO, USA
| | - Mark J Landau
- Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, KS, USA
| | - Linda D Cameron
- Psychological Sciences, University of California Merced, CA, USA
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Landau MJ, Arndt J, Cameron LD. Do Metaphors in Health Messages Work? Exploring Emotional and Cognitive Factors. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2017; 74:135-149. [PMID: 33833472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Health communicators publicize messages that use metaphors to compare abstract health-related concepts to concrete concepts in other domains. Such messages aim to change health attitudes and behavior, but do they work? According to Conceptual Metaphor Theory, metaphors can shape thought by transferring personalized knowledge of a concrete concept to understand and relate to an abstraction, despite their superficial differences. The authors extend this claim to specify emotional and cognitive factors potentially moderating the productivity (and counter-productivity) of metaphoric health messages. A source resonance hypothesis predicts that when a message frames a health risk metaphorically in terms of a concrete hazard (versus literally), individual differences in fear surrounding that particular hazard will differentially predict risk-related worry and thus prevention intentions. A metaphoric fit hypothesis predicts that a risk metaphor will be more persuasive when the recommended prevention response is itself framed metaphorically as addressing the concrete hazard (versus literally). These hypotheses were supported in three experiments conducted with online, undergraduate, and community samples (N = 539). With skin cancer as a case study, the studies tested the impact of messages framing sun exposure and sun-safe practices with or without metaphors of enemy combat. Findings illuminate how, when, and for whom metaphoric messages are persuasive, with theoretical and practical implications for health communication and metaphoric construal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jamie Arndt
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia
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Tseng YF, Wang KL, Lin CY, Lin YT, Pan HC, Chang CJ. Predictors of smoking cessation in Taiwan: using the theory of planned behavior. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2017; 23:270-276. [PMID: 28931309 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2017.1378820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the factors predicting the intention to quit smoking and the subsequent behavior 6 months later using the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Data were obtained from 145 smokers who attended a smoking cessation clinic in a community hospital. All participants completed a questionnaire which included demographic information, TPB-based items, perceived susceptibility and previous attempts to quit. The actual quitting behavior was obtained by follow-up phone calls 6 months later. The TPB constructs explained 34% of the variance in intention to quit smoking. By adding perceived susceptibility, the explained variance was significantly improved to 40%. The most important predictors were perceived behavior control and perceived susceptibility, followed by attitude. Subjective norm did not contribute to the prediction of intention. Attitude and perceived behavior control contributed to the prediction of actual quitting behavior, but intention, subjective norm and perceived susceptibility did not. Our findings support that the TPB is generally a useful framework to predict the intention to quit smoking in Taiwan. The inclusion of perceived susceptibility improved the prediction of intention. With regards to successfully quitting, attitude and perceived behavior control played more crucial roles than other TPB constructs. Smoking cessation promotion initiatives focusing on reinforcing cessation belief, enhancing a smoker's perception of their capability to quit smoking, and persuading smokers that they can overcome cessation barriers to cessation could make subsequent interventions more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fang Tseng
- a Department of Family Medicine , Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Lan Wang
- b Department of Nursing , Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yun Lin
- a Department of Family Medicine , Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Lin
- a Department of Family Medicine , Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan.,c Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine , Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chen Pan
- b Department of Nursing , Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Chai-Jan Chang
- d Department of Family Medicine , Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
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Voorwinden JS, Buitenhuis AH, Birnie E, Lucassen AM, Verkerk MA, van Langen IM, Plantinga M, Ranchor AV. Expanded carrier screening: what determines intended participation and can this be influenced by message framing and narrative information? Eur J Hum Genet 2017; 25:793-800. [PMID: 28594415 PMCID: PMC5520082 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2017.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing enabled us to create a population-based expanded carrier screening (ECS) test that simultaneously tests for 50 serious autosomal recessive diseases. Before offering this test universally, we wanted to know what factors are related to intended participation and how the general public can be informed about the test without being influenced in their intention to participate. We studied this by measuring to what extent 'message framing' and 'narrative information' can influence people's intended participation. Data were collected by means of an online survey of 504 potential users, and the factors examined were based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour and on previous research on intended participation in preconception carrier screening. Message framing was manipulated by explaining the risk of couple carriership in different ways, while narrative information was provided to only half of the respondents. The factors most positively related to intended participation were perceiving benefits of the screening, having a positive attitude towards the screening, having no religion, having an actual child wish and experiencing the choice to participate as easy. Perceived benefits and a positive attitude were most influential factors by far. Message framing and narrative information had no significant effect on intended participation, reinforcing that message framing and narrative information can help to inform the general public about ECS without influencing their intended participation. Future research should study if the importance of perceived benefits and a positive attitude can be replicated when other factors are included and when actual participation is measured instead of intended participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan S Voorwinden
- Department of Health Psychology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anne H Buitenhuis
- Department of Health Psychology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Erwin Birnie
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anneke M Lucassen
- Department of Clinical Ethics and Law, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Marian A Verkerk
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Irene M van Langen
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mirjam Plantinga
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Adelita V Ranchor
- Department of Health Psychology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Mou Y. Predicting the Use of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Maintenance Approach from Cultural and Spiritual Perspectives. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2017; 56:971-985. [PMID: 27538575 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-016-0299-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) health maintenance approach is widespread among the lay public as a tool of health maintenance and disease prevention across the globe. This study aims to investigate the factors that exert influences on the intention to adopt or continue using TCM health maintenance approach under the guideline of the extended theory of planned behavior. Based on an online survey on a Chinese national sample of 800 valid responses, this study indicates the respondents' spirituality and Chinese cultural orientation positively predict their attitude toward TCM health maintenance approach. In turn, their attitude, perceived behavioral control and norms positively predict the intention to adopt or continue using TCM health maintenance approach, as postulated in hypotheses. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Mou
- School of Media and Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, 200240, Shanghai, China.
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Manyaapelo T, Nyembezi A, Ruiter RAC, Borne BVD, Sifunda S, Reddy P. Understanding the Psychosocial Correlates of the Intention to Use Condoms among Young Men in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:E339. [PMID: 28333100 PMCID: PMC5409540 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14040339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
South Africa leads the world with the number of people infected with HIV. Even with all attempts that have been made to curb HIV, it is still evident that new infections are on the rise. Condom use remains one of the best tools against this challenge yet a small number of sexually active men use them. This study investigates the psychosocial correlates of the intention to use condoms among young men in KwaZulu-Natal province. Using the Theory of Planned Behaviour as a framework, hierarchical linear regression models were used to determine the unique contribution of the study measures in explaining the overall variance of intention to consistently use condoms. Subjective norms and perceived behavioural control towards consistent condom use explained 46% of the variance in the intention to use a condom, suggesting that health behaviour interventions should focus on targeting the normative beliefs as well as control beliefs of the target population. Furthermore, subjective norms and intentions towards reducing alcohol and marijuana use explained an additional 7% to the final model in intentions to condom use, implying that substance use and condom usage may influence each other. No significant contributions were found for beliefs underlying cultural aspects of responsible manhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thabang Manyaapelo
- Human Sciences Research Council, Population Health, Health Systems and Innovation, Private Bag X41, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
| | - Anam Nyembezi
- Human Sciences Research Council, Population Health, Health Systems and Innovation, Private Bag X9182, Cape Town 8000, South Africa.
| | - Robert A C Ruiter
- Department of Work & Social Psychology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Bart van den Borne
- Department of Health Education & Health Promotion, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Sibusiso Sifunda
- Human Sciences Research Council, HIV/AIDS, STIs and TB, Private Bag X41, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
| | - Priscilla Reddy
- Human Sciences Research Council, Population Health, Health Systems and Innovation, Private Bag X9182, Cape Town 8000, South Africa.
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Tai BWB, Hata M, Wu S, Frausto S, Law AV. Prediction of pharmacist intention to provide medication disposal education using the theory of planned behaviour. J Eval Clin Pract 2016; 22:653-61. [PMID: 26804456 DOI: 10.1111/jep.12511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES Lack of familiarity with proper medication disposal options among patients can lead to personal and environmental safety concerns, besides signalling non-adherence. Given that community pharmacists are in a position to educate patients, this study assessed community pharmacists' knowledge on medication disposal and examined the utility of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) in predicting their intention to provide medication disposal education to their patients. METHODS A cross-sectional, self-administered survey was distributed to community pharmacists in California. Descriptive statistics were reported for all survey items. Cronbach's alpha and Pearson correlation were used to determine the reliability for the four TPB constructs (attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control and intention). Multiple linear regressions were performed to predict intent using the other three TPB constructs. RESULTS Pharmacists (n = 142) demonstrated a positive intention to provide education (mean = 5.91 ± 1.22; range: 2 to 8), but most (67.9%) provided this information once a month or less. Attitude (β = 0.266, P = 0.001), subjective norm (β = 0.333, P < 0.001) and perceived behavioural control (β = 0.211, P = 0.009) were significant predictors of intention, accounting for 40.8% of the variance in intention to provide disposal education. Scale reliability ranged from 0.596 to 0.619 for the four constructs. Few pharmacists accurately selected all of the appropriate recommendations of disposal for non-controlled and controlled substances (15.9% and 10.1%, respectively). CONCLUSION Pharmacists showed favourable attitude, subjective norm, perceived behaviour control and intention in providing such education. However, their knowledge in this area may be lacking and they are not consistently providing this information to their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Micah Hata
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Administration, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA.
| | - Stephanie Wu
- Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA, USA
| | | | - Anandi V Law
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Administration, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
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Abstract
Social cognition models (SCMs) have been described by Ingham as old clothes fit only for the jumble, yet their use in investigations of health behaviour performance in recent years has proliferated rather than declined. In a critique of the literature, this paper highlights a range of theoretical, methodological and performance-based limitations of the SCM approach and demonstrates that a ceiling has now been reached whereby more than half the variance in health behaviour performance is routinely unexplained, despite all efforts to improve the models. A major conceptual flaw within the SCM approach is identified and it is argued that `health behaviours', as generally defined, do not exist and that health-related activities only acquire meaning and significance on the basis of their relationship to the broader social prac- tices of which they form a part. A `new look' is proposed for research in this field which takes this alternative conceptualization into account.
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Mulholland E, Van Wersch A. Stigma, Sexually Transmitted Infections and Attendance at the GUM Clinic. J Health Psychol 2016; 12:17-31. [PMID: 17158837 DOI: 10.1177/1359105306069098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A gap in the literature regarding understanding of people's health care seeking behaviours in relation to sexually transmitted infections is identified. Employing both deductive and inductive methods, 10 patients (five female, five male) were interviewed to explore the psychosocial, motivational and attitudinal factors associated with attendance at a Genito-Urinary Medicine (GUM) clinic in a close-knit community in the north of England. Seven stigma-related themes were identified as salient issues surrounding perceptions of sexual health screening and included: (1)prejudice surrounding STIs; (2)fear of exposure; (3)isolation; (4)reluctance to attend; (5)contamination; (6)relationship issues; and (7)perceived invulnerability. Within these themes distinct gender differences were identified. Implications for the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) are discussed against the factors identified.
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Manning M, Wojda M, Hamel L, Salkowski A, Schwartz AG, Harper FW. Understanding the role of family dynamics, perceived norms, and lung cancer worry in predicting second-hand smoke avoidance among high-risk lung cancer families. J Health Psychol 2016; 22:1493-1509. [PMID: 26956703 DOI: 10.1177/1359105316630132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Reducing exposure to environmental tobacco smoke significantly reduces lung cancer risk. We used family communication patterns theory and the theory of planned behavior to examine whether perceived norms and lung cancer worry more strongly influenced intentions to avoid environmental tobacco smoke in families higher in conformity and conversation orientations. Results from 52 individuals in 17 high-risk lung cancer families showed injunctive norms were positively related to intentions when families conformed and conversed more. Lung cancer worry was positively related to intentions in high conformity families and negatively related to intentions in low conformity families. Findings can benefit interventions to reduce environmental tobacco smoke exposure.
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Jekauc D, Völkle M, Wagner MO, Mess F, Reiner M, Renner B. Prediction of attendance at fitness center: a comparison between the theory of planned behavior, the social cognitive theory, and the physical activity maintenance theory. Front Psychol 2015; 6:121. [PMID: 25717313 PMCID: PMC4323998 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the processes of physical activity (PA) maintenance specific predictors are effective, which differ from other stages of PA development. Recently, Physical Activity Maintenance Theory (PAMT) was specifically developed for prediction of PA maintenance. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the predictability of the future behavior by the PAMT and compare it with the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Social Cognitive Theory (SCT). Participation rate in a fitness center was observed for 101 college students (53 female) aged between 19 and 32 years (M = 23.6; SD = 2.9) over 20 weeks using a magnetic card. In order to predict the pattern of participation TPB, SCT and PAMT were used. A latent class zero-inflated Poisson growth curve analysis identified two participation patterns: regular attenders and intermittent exercisers. SCT showed the highest predictive power followed by PAMT and TPB. Impeding aspects as life stress and barriers were the strongest predictors suggesting that overcoming barriers might be an important aspect for working out on a regular basis. Self-efficacy, perceived behavioral control, and social support could also significantly differentiate between the participation patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darko Jekauc
- Department for Sport Psychology, Institute for Sport Science, Humboldt University of BerlinBerlin, Germany
- Department for Sport Science, University of KonstanzKonstanz, Germany
| | - Manuel Völkle
- Max Planck Institute for Human DevelopmentBerlin, Germany
| | | | - Filip Mess
- Department for Health Sciences, University of Education Schwäbisch GmündSchwäbisch Gmünd, Germany
| | - Miriam Reiner
- Department for Sport Science, University of StuttgartStuttgart, Germany
| | - Britta Renner
- Department for Psychology, University of KonstanzKonstanz, Germany
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Sax H, Uçkay I, Richet H, Allegranzi B, Pittet D. Determinants of Good Adherence to Hand Hygiene Among Healthcare Workers Who Have Extensive Exposure to Hand Hygiene Campaigns. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2015; 28:1267-74. [DOI: 10.1086/521663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2007] [Accepted: 07/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective.To quantify the different behavioral components of healthcare workers' motivation to comply with hand hygiene in a healthcare institution with a 10-year history of hand hygiene campaigning.Design.Cross-sectional study, by use of an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire.Setting.A 2,200-bed university teaching hospital.Participants.A stratified random sample of 2,961 medical and nursing staff.Results.A total of 1,042 questionnaires (35.2%) were returned. Of the respondents, 271 (26.0%) were physicians, 629 (60.4%) were nurses, and 141 (13.5%) were nursing assistants. Overall, 1,008 respondents provided information about sex; 718 (71.2%) of these were women. Respondents provided demographic information and data about various behavioral, normative, and control beliefs that determined their intentions with respect to performing hand hygiene. Among behavioral beliefs, the perception that healthcare-associated infections are severe for patients was highly ranked as a determinant of behavior by 331 (32.1%) of the respondents, and the perception that hand hygiene is effective at preventing these infections was ranked highly by 891 respondents (86.0%). Among normative beliefs, perceived social pressure from patients to perform hand hygiene was ranked highly by 760 respondents (73.7%), pressure from superiors was ranked highly by 687 (66.8%), pressure from colleagues was ranked highly by 596 (57.9%), and pressure from the person perceived to be most influential was ranked highly by 687 (68.8%). Among control beliefs, the perception that hand hygiene is relatively easy to perform was rated highly by 670 respondents (65.1%). High self-reported rates of adherence to hand hygiene (defined as performance of proper hand hygiene during 80% or more of hand hygiene opportunities) was independently associated with female sex, receipt of training in hand hygiene, participation in a previous hand hygiene campaign, peer pressure from colleagues, perceived good adherence by colleagues, and the perception that hand hygiene is relatively easy to perform.Conclusions.In a setting with a long tradition of hand hygiene campaigns, behavioral beliefs are strongly in favor of hand hygiene, but adherence is driven by peer pressure and the perception of high self-efficacy, rather than by reasoning about the impact of hand hygiene on patient safety. Female sex, training, and campaign exposure increased the likelihood of compliance with hand hygiene. This additional insight can help to shape future promotional activity.
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Gao X, Xu L, Lu C, Wu J, Wang Z, Decat P, Zhang WH, Chen Y, Moyer E, Wu S, Minkauskiene M, Van Braeckel D, Temmerman M. Effect of improving the knowledge, attitude and practice of reproductive health among female migrant workers: a worksite-based intervention in Guangzhou, China. Sex Health 2014; 12:13-21. [PMID: 25469517 DOI: 10.1071/sh14061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Background The sexual and reproductive health (SRH) knowledge and attitudes of female migrant workers are far from optimum in China. A worksite-based intervention program on SRH-related knowledge, attitude and practice (SRH KAP) modification may be an effective approach to improve the SRH status among migrant workers. This study aimed to identify better intervention approaches via the implementation and evaluation of two intervention packages. METHODS A worksite-based cluster-randomised intervention study was conducted from June to December 2008 in eight factories in Guangzhou, China. There were 1346 female migrant workers who participated in this study. Factories were randomly allocated to the standard package of interventions group (SPIG) or the intensive package of interventions group (IPIG). Questionnaires were administered to evaluate the effect of two interventions. RESULTS SRH knowledge scores were higher at follow up than at baseline for all participants of the SPIG; the knowledge scores increased from 6.50 (standard deviation (s.d.) 3.673) to 8.69 (s.d. 4.085), and from 5.98 (s.d. 3.581) to 11.14 (s.d. 3.855) for IPIG; SRH attitude scores increased among unmarried women: the attitude scores changed from 4.25 (s.d. 1.577) to 4.46 (s.d. 1.455) for SPIG, and from 3.99 (s.d. 1.620) to 4.64 (s.d. 1.690) for IPIG; most SRH-related practice was also modified (P<0.05). In addition, after intervention, the IPIG had a higher knowledge level than the SPIG; the scores were 11.14 (s.d. 3.855) versus 8.69 (s.d. 4.085), and unmarried women in the IPIG had higher condom use rate than the SPIG (86.4% versus 57.1%). CONCLUSIONS The interventions had positive influences on improvements in SRH knowledge, attitudes and behaviours. Additionally, IPIs were more effective than SPIs, indicating that a comprehensive intervention may achieve better results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Gao
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, NO. 74, Zhongshan II Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Longchang Xu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, NO. 74, Zhongshan II Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ciyong Lu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, NO. 74, Zhongshan II Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jie Wu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, NO. 74, Zhongshan II Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhijin Wang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, NO. 74, Zhongshan II Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Peter Decat
- International Centre for Reproductive Health (ICRH), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185 UZ P114, 9000 Ghent, VAT BE 248.015.142, Belgium
| | - Wei-Hong Zhang
- International Centre for Reproductive Health (ICRH), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185 UZ P114, 9000 Ghent, VAT BE 248.015.142, Belgium
| | - Yimin Chen
- National Research Institution for Family Planning, NO. 12, Hui temple, Haidian district, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Eileen Moyer
- Department of Anthropology, Amsterdam School for Social Science Research, University of Amsterdam, 1001 NAAmsterdam, Postbus 15508, The Netherlands
| | - Shizhong Wu
- Donghua Research Institute of Reproductive Health in Chengdu, NO.324, Yulindong XVI Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610000, China
| | | | - Dirk Van Braeckel
- International Centre for Reproductive Health (ICRH), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185 UZ P114, 9000 Ghent, VAT BE 248.015.142, Belgium
| | - Marleen Temmerman
- International Centre for Reproductive Health (ICRH), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185 UZ P114, 9000 Ghent, VAT BE 248.015.142, Belgium
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Cooke R, French DP. How well do the theory of reasoned action and theory of planned behaviour predict intentions and attendance at screening programmes? A meta-analysis. Psychol Health 2014; 23:745-65. [PMID: 25160879 DOI: 10.1080/08870440701544437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Meta-analysis was used to quantify how well the Theories of Reasoned Action and Planned Behaviour have predicted intentions to attend screening programmes and actual attendance behaviour. Systematic literature searches identified 33 studies that were included in the review. Across the studies as a whole, attitudes had a large-sized relationship with intention, while subjective norms and perceived behavioural control (PBC) possessed medium-sized relationships with intention. Intention had a medium-sized relationship with attendance, whereas the PBC-attendance relationship was small sized. Due to heterogeneity in results between studies, moderator analyses were conducted. The moderator variables were (a) type of screening test, (b) location of recruitment, (c) screening cost and (d) invitation to screen. All moderators affected theory of planned behaviour relationships. Suggestions for future research emerging from these results include targeting attitudes to promote intention to screen, a greater use of implementation intentions in screening information and examining the credibility of different screening providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Cooke
- a School of Life & Health Sciences, Psychology , Aston University , Aston Triangle , Birmingham , B4 7ET
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Montgomery SV, Barsevick AM, Egleston BL, Bingler R, Ruth K, Miller SM, Malick J, Cescon TP, Daly MB. Preparing individuals to communicate genetic test results to their relatives: report of a randomized control trial. Fam Cancer 2014; 12:537-46. [PMID: 23420550 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-013-9609-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study reports a randomized clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of an intervention to prepare individuals to communicate BRCA1/BRCA2 results to family members. Women aged 18 years and older, who had genetic testing, and who had adult first-degree relatives, were randomly assigned to a communication skills-building intervention or a wellness control session. Primary outcomes were the percentage of probands sharing test results, and the level of distress associated with sharing. The ability of the theory of planned behavior variables to predict the outcomes was explored. Four hundred twenty-two women were enrolled in the study, 219 (intervention) and 203 (control). Data from 137 in the intervention group and 112 in the control group were analyzed. Two hundred forty-nine probands shared test results with 838 relatives (80.1 %). There were no significant differences between study groups in the primary outcomes. Combining data from both arms revealed that perceived control and specific social influence were associated with sharing. Probands were more likely to share genetic test results with their children, female relatives and relatives who they perceived had a favorable opinion about learning the results. The communication skills intervention did not impact sharing of test results. The proband's perception of her relative's opinion of genetic testing and her sense of control in relaying this information influenced sharing. Communication of test results is selective, with male relatives and parents less likely to be informed. Prevalent psychosocial factors play a role in the communication of genetic test results within families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan V Montgomery
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
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Gavaza P, Fleming M, Barner JC. Examination of psychosocial predictors of Virginia pharmacists' intention to utilize a prescription drug monitoring program using the theory of planned behavior. Res Social Adm Pharm 2013; 10:448-58. [PMID: 23953982 DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2013.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Revised: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the main drivers of pharmacists' intention to utilize prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) when making care decisions and the actual contribution of these factors in explaining intention and behavior. OBJECTIVES This study examined what theory of planned behavior (TPB) model constructs (i.e., attitude, subjective norm [SN], perceived behavioral control [PBC]), past utilization behavior (PUB) and perceived moral obligation (PMO) were significant predictors of Virginia community pharmacists' intention to utilize a PDMP. METHODS A cover letter with a link to a 28-item online survey was e-mailed to 600 members of the Virginia Pharmacists Association. Multiple regression analyses were used to determine the association between pharmacists' intention to utilize the PDMP database and attitude, SN, PBC, PUB and PMO. RESULTS Ninety-seven usable responses were received, for a response rate of 16.2%. A majority of the respondents were Caucasian (96.4%), female (50.5%), working in independent community pharmacies (60.4%) with an average age of 49.5 ± 13.4 years. Overall, pharmacists intended to utilize a PDMP (mean = 5.3 ± 4.6; possible range: -9 to 9), had a positive attitude toward utilizing PDMP (mean = 6.3 ± 5.3; possible range: -12 to 12), perceived that others wanted them to utilize a PDMP (SN score = 3.7 ± 2.4; range: -6 to 6), and believed that they had control over utilization behavior (PBC score = 4.5 ± 4.0; range: -9 to 9). Attitude (β = 0.723, P < 0.001), SN (β = 0.230, P = 0.014) and PBC (β = -0.215, P = 0.026) significantly predicted pharmacists' intent, accounting for 56.7% of the variance in intention to utilize the PDMP database (P < 0.001). The addition of PMO (P < 0.001) significantly contributed to explaining the variance in intention but PUB did not. CONCLUSIONS Members of the Virginia Pharmacists Association who responded to the survey showed a strong positive intent to utilize PDMP database. Pharmacists' attitudes, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control and perceived moral obligation were significant predictors of intention but past utilization behavior was not. The TPB is a useful theoretical framework when predicting PDMP utilization behavior of community pharmacists, accounting for 56.7% of the variance in intention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Gavaza
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Social and Administrative Sciences, Appalachian College of Pharmacy, 1060 Dragon Road, Oakwood, VA 24631, USA.
| | - Marc Fleming
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Administration, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, 1441 Moursund St., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jamie C Barner
- Health Outcomes and Pharmacy Practice Division, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A1900 Austin, TX, USA
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Sussner KM, Jandorf L, Thompson HS, Valdimarsdottir HB. Barriers and facilitators to BRCA genetic counseling among at-risk Latinas in New York City. Psychooncology 2013; 22:1594-604. [PMID: 22987526 PMCID: PMC3541466 DOI: 10.1002/pon.3187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Revised: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite underuse of genetic services for hereditary breast and/or ovarian cancer risk among Latinas (including counseling and testing for BRCA mutations), there is little known about the barriers and facilitators to BRCA genetic counseling among this group. It is imperative to first understand factors that may impede Latinas seeking BRCA genetic counseling, as it is considered a prerequisite to testing. METHODS Quantitative telephone interviews (N=120) were conducted with at-risk Latinas in New York City to investigate interest, barriers, and beliefs about BRCA genetic counseling. Statistical analyses examined predictors of intention to undergo BRCA genetic counseling. RESULTS Despite moderate levels of awareness, Latinas held largely positive beliefs, attitudes, and knowledge about BRCA genetic counseling. Perceived barriers included logistic concerns (e.g., where to go, cost/health insurance coverage), emotional concerns (e.g., fear, distress), and competing life concerns (e.g., too many other things to worry about, too busy taking care of children or family members). Multivariate results showed that the strongest predictor of intention to undergo BRCA genetic counseling was competing life concerns; Latinas with more competing life concerns were less likely to intend to undergo BRCA genetic counseling (p=0.0002). Other significant predictors of intention included perceived risk of carrying a BRCA mutation (p=0.01) and referral by their physician (p=0.02). CONCLUSION Educational efforts to promote BRCA genetic counseling among at-risk Latinas and increase referrals by their physicians should incorporate discussion of perceived barriers to counseling, such as competing life concerns that Latinas may need to overcome in order to seek genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina M Sussner
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Cancer Prevention and Control, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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Masuet‐Aumatell C, Toovey S, Zuckerman JN. Prevention of influenza among travellers attending at a UK travel clinic: beliefs and perceptions. A cross-sectional study. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2013; 7:574-83. [PMID: 22998606 PMCID: PMC5781004 DOI: 10.1111/irv.12010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Travellers' compliance with measures to prevent influenza through the use of antivirals and influenza vaccine remains very poor despite influenza being one of the commonest travel and vaccine-preventable diseases. A study was undertaken to assess travellers' beliefs, perceptions and intentions to take antivirals for the treatment and prevention of influenza during the H1N1 pandemic. METHODS A cross-sectional survey (n = 96) of travellers who attended the Royal Free Travel Health Centre, London, UK was undertaken in September 2009. A self-administered questionnaire was completed by a traveller in advance of their pre-travel health consultation. Logistic regression identified variables independently associated with compliance. RESULTS Influenza vaccination uptake for the 5 years preceding the study was found to be 20·8%. This was statistically significantly higher for older travellers and those with underlying health conditions (P < 0·005). Mean intention to comply with antiviral drugs on a preventive and therapeutic basis was 58% and 72%, respectively, and this varied markedly with age and with dispensed antimalarial chemoprophylaxis. CONCLUSION This study identifies some beliefs and perceptions travellers consider with regard to the therapeutic and preventive influenza use of antivirals during the H1N1 pandemic; it underscores the importance of travellers receiving hemisphere appropriate influenza vaccination. The external validity of these study findings requires further corroboration involving other travel clinics and different cohorts of travellers during seasonal activity or outbreaks of influenza. These findings could guide the development of future strategies for the prevention of influenza in travellers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Masuet‐Aumatell
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), International Health Centre and Travel Medicine Clinic, Department of Preventive Medicine, University Hospital of Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Stephen Toovey
- Academic Centre for Travel Medicine & Vaccines, WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference, Research and Training in Travel Medicine University College London Medical School, London, UK
| | - Jane N. Zuckerman
- Academic Centre for Travel Medicine & Vaccines, WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference, Research and Training in Travel Medicine University College London Medical School, London, UK
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Overstreet RE, Cegielski C, Hall D. Predictors of the intent to adopt preventive innovations: a meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Casey Cegielski
- Department of Aviation and Supply Chain Management; Auburn University
| | - Dianne Hall
- Department of Aviation and Supply Chain Management; Auburn University
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Stedman-Smith M, DuBois CLZ, Grey S. Workplace hand hygiene and wellness: a survey of knowledge, beliefs, and practices. Workplace Health Saf 2013; 60:477-85. [PMID: 23092176 DOI: 10.1177/216507991206001103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2011] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Community hand hygiene interventions have reduced the spread of infectious disease in elementary schools, daycare centers, and private homes. Despite this success, and the potential for reducing workplace absenteeism and presenteeism, few peer-reviewed hand hygiene intervention studies among workers have been published. This research used the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to guide the development of a model to understand and predict motivations for performing hand hygiene, and to examine related illness, absenteeism, and presenteeism among employees from 39 bank branches in Ohio. Although the TPB has been used extensively to elucidate hand hygiene practices among employees in the health care and food industries, little is known about the ability of the TPB to predict hand hygiene practices among workers in public settings. These survey findings indicate a need for hand hygiene improvement, and support the use of attitudinal beliefs and social norms to guide multimodal approaches for workplace hand hygiene interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie Stedman-Smith
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Kent State University, OH, USA.
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Stedman-Smith M, DuBois CLZ, Grey S. Workplace Hand Hygiene and Wellness: A Survey of Knowledge, Beliefs, and Practices. Workplace Health Saf 2012. [DOI: 10.3928/21650799-20121016-67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Gavaza P, Brown CM, Lawson KA, Rascati KL, Steinhardt M, Wilson JP. Effect of social influences on pharmacists' intention to report adverse drug events. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003) 2012; 52:622-9. [PMID: 23023842 DOI: 10.1331/japha.2012.10198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify the groups or individuals that influence pharmacists' decision making to report adverse drug events (ADEs), determine the differences in social influence or subjective norm between intenders and nonintenders, and determine the relationship between subjective norm toward reporting serious ADEs and practice and demographic characteristics. DESIGN Nonexperimental cross-sectional study. SETTING Texas during June and July 2009. PARTICIPANTS 1,500 Texas pharmacists. INTERVENTION As part of a larger survey, 3 and 18 items were used to assess pharmacists' intentions and subjective norm, respectively, to report serious ADEs to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Pharmacists' subjective norm toward reporting serious ADEs. RESULTS The survey had a response rate of 26.4% (n = 377). Most pharmacists intended to report serious ADEs that they would encounter (15.87 ± 4.22 [mean ± SD], possible range 3-21, neutral = 12). The mean subjective norm scores were moderately high and positive (28.75 ± 9.38, 1-49, 16), indicating that the referents had a moderate influence on pharmacists regarding reporting serious ADEs to FDA. FDA had the greatest (34.82 ± 12.16) and drug manufacturers the lowest (21.55 ± 13.83) social influence. The most important salient referents (important others) in pharmacists' decisions to report serious ADEs were FDA, patients, pharmacy associations, pharmacy managers/bosses, and hospitals and hospital groups. Gender (female equals higher), pharmacists' years of experience (negative correlation), and knowledge of ADE reporting (positive correlation) were associated with subjective norm. CONCLUSION Pharmacists had a moderately high subjective norm, suggesting that ADE reporting intentions is influenced by others and that the opinions of others are of great importance in pharmacists' intentions regarding ADE reporting. The main drivers of subjective norm were FDA, patients, pharmacy associations, and managers/bosses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Gavaza
- Appalachian College of Pharmacy, 1060 Dragon Rd., Oakwood, VA 24631, USA.
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36
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Leach LS, Rickwood DJ. The Impact of School Bullying on Adolescents' Psychosocial Resources and Help-Seeking Intentions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/1754730x.2009.9715702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Wiemeyer J, Kliem A. Serious games in prevention and rehabilitation—a new panacea for elderly people? Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11556-011-0093-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Digital games cannot only be used for fun and entertainment. The term “serious games” (SG) denotes digital games serving serious purposes like education, training, advertising, research and health. Recently, a new generation of games has emerged involving whole-body movements. Compared to traditional interventions, these games may help elderly people to improve their health by enhancing physical fitness and coordinative abilities by combining increased motivation, game experience like fun and game flow and training. Serious games, particularly adventure and shooter games, already play an important role in health education, prevention and rehabilitation, e.g. to enhance health-related physical activity, improve sensory–motor coordination, prevent asthma, change nutrition behaviour and alleviate diabetes and prevent smoking or HIV. In this paper, the impact of SG on prevention and rehabilitation is discussed. Three criteria are applied. Beyond effectivity and efficiency, the additional benefits of serious games can be described and explained by different models including social, psychological, physiological and sensory–motor factors. The quality of study serves as a third criterion. Despite first promising results, there are only few high-quality studies. Adequate content, game interfaces, sustainability and appropriate settings are critical factors for the success of SG. In this regard, (sport) science can help to develop and evaluate SG and test appropriate settings that ensure sustainable use of serious games.
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McEachan RRC, Conner M, Taylor NJ, Lawton RJ. Prospective prediction of health-related behaviours with the Theory of Planned Behaviour: a meta-analysis. Health Psychol Rev 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2010.521684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 718] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Mendez RDR, Rodrigues RCM, Cornélio ME, Gallani MCBJ, Godin G. Desenvolvimento de instrumento para medida dos fatores psicossociais determinantes do comportamento de atividade física em coronariopatas. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2010; 44:584-96. [DOI: 10.1590/s0080-62342010000300006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Este estudo teve como objetivo apresentar o desenvolvimento, a análise de conteúdo e da confiabilidade do Questionário para identificação dos fatores psicossociais determinantes do comportamento de atividade física em coronariopatas, baseado na extensão da Teoria do Comportamento Planejado. O instrumento foi submetido à validade de conteúdo, com realização de sua avaliação por três juízes e pré-teste com cinco sujeitos, até mostrar-se conceitualmente adequado e compreensível aos sujeitos entrevistados. Foi aplicado em 51 sujeitos para a avaliação preliminar da consistência interna, por meio da determinação do coeficiente alfa de Crombach. Foram observados coeficientes alfa de Crombach >0,75 para os constructos Intenção, Atitude, Norma Subjetiva, Autoeficácia e Hábito. O instrumento desenvolvido mostrou evidências de validade de conteúdo e de confiabilidade.
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Schneider JA, Dandona R, Pasupneti S, Lakshmi V, Liao C, Yeldandi V, Mayer KH. Initial commitment to pre-exposure prophylaxis and circumcision for HIV prevention amongst Indian truck drivers. PLoS One 2010; 5:e11922. [PMID: 20689602 PMCID: PMC2912853 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2010] [Accepted: 07/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of HIV prevention interventions such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PREP) and circumcision in India are limited. The present study sought to investigate Indian truck-drivers initial commitment to PREP and circumcision utilizing the AIDS Risk Reduction Model. Ninety truck-drivers completed an in-depth qualitative interview and provided a blood sample for HIV and HSV-2 testing. Truck-drivers exhibited low levels of initial commitment towards PREP and even lower for circumcision. However, potential leverage points for increasing commitment were realized in fear of infecting family rather than self, self-perceptions of risk, and for PREP focusing on cultural beliefs towards medication and physicians. Cost was a major barrier to both HIV prevention interventions. Despite these barriers, our findings suggest that the ARRM may be useful in identifying several leverage points that may be used by peers, health care providers and public health field workers to enhance initial commitment to novel HIV prevention interventions in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Schneider
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
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Petróczi A, Hawkins K, Jones G, Naughton DP. HIV Patient Characteristics that Affect Adherence to Exercise Programmes: An Observational Study. Open AIDS J 2010; 4:148-55. [PMID: 20871752 PMCID: PMC2944991 DOI: 10.2174/1874613601004010148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2009] [Revised: 01/21/2010] [Accepted: 02/04/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benefits of exercise for HIV-infected persons have been documented, although in clinical practice, diminished adherence to exercise limits the effectiveness of this auxiliary treatment. Exercise intervention studies carry the caveat that the results are limited to volunteers with good compliance and completion profiles. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to identify characteristics contributing to adherence vs non-adherence to prescribed supervised 10-week 75-minute aerobic and progressive resistance exercise programme in a clinical setting that requires twice-weekly attendance at the physiotherapy gym. STUDY DESIGN This observational study was comprised of 11 males and 11 females, physician-assessed, HIV seropositive patients referred to exercise programmes in a tertiary multi-disciplinary outpatient service for HIV patients at an urban Teaching Hospital in London (UK). Measurements taken prior to the exercise programme were used as dependent variables and include CD4 count, fitness level, flexibility and perceived physical-, emotional-, functional- and psychological- well-being. Attendance records were categorised into a dichotomous independent variable of adherence based on a natural break that occurred at 8/20 attended sessions. RESULTS Prior-to-treatment differences in perceived physical, functional and psychological well-being exist between adherent and non-adherent patients, but no differences were found in age, CD4 count or fitness level. Perceived well-being explained 55.7% of the variances in attendance. Gender and reason for referral appear to be independent of adherence, whereas ethnicity may play an influential role. CONCLUSION Perceived well-being appears to differentiate between adherent and non-adherent patients. Further studies are required to investigate other psychological characteristics and barriers to maintaining exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Petróczi
- Kingston University, Faculty of Science, Penrhyn Road, Kingston upon Thames, Surrey KT1 2EE, UK
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Shelton RC, Winkel G, Davis SN, Roberts N, Valdimarsdottir H, Hall SJ, Thompson HS. Validation of the group-based medical mistrust scale among urban black men. J Gen Intern Med 2010; 25:549-55. [PMID: 20195782 PMCID: PMC2869405 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-010-1288-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2009] [Revised: 01/27/2010] [Accepted: 02/01/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Socioculturally relevant measures of medical mistrust are needed to better address health disparities, especially among Black men, a group with lower life expectancy and higher death rates compared to other race/gender groups. OBJECTIVES The study aim was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Group-Based Medical Mistrust Scale (GBMMS) in a Black male sample. DESIGN Data were collected as part of a randomized controlled trial testing educational strategies to support Black men's decisions about prostate cancer screening. PARTICIPANTS Participants included 201 Black men ages 40-75 years recruited in New York City during 2006-2007. MAIN MEASURES The primary measures included: race-based medical mistrust, health care participation, avoidance of health care, perceived access to health care, health care satisfaction, racial identity, residential racial segregation, attitudes towards prostate cancer screening, and past prostate cancer screening behavior. KEY RESULTS An exploratory factor analysis suggested a three-factor structure. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the three-factor model. Internal consistency was high for the total GBMMS and the three sub-scales: Suspicion, Discrimination, and Lack of Support. Construct validity was supported by: significant positive correlations between GBMMS and avoidance of health care and racial identity as well as significant negative correlations with health care access, health care satisfaction, and attitudes about prostate cancer screening. ANOVA showed that the GBMMS was associated with greater residential racial segregation. Higher total GBMMS scores were associated with not visiting a physician in the last year and not having a regular physician. CONCLUSIONS The present findings provide strong additional evidence that the GBMMS is a valid and reliable measure that may be used among urban Black men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel C Shelton
- Department of Oncological Science/Cancer Prevention and Control, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, 1425 Madison Avenue, Box 1130, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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Lee YS, Chiu YL, Liao HL, Chen JT, Lee FC. Factors influencing the intention to utilize out-of-pocket health checkup services: A sample of citizens from 12 townships of Taichung County in Taiwan. J Chin Med Assoc 2010; 73:252-9. [PMID: 20685592 DOI: 10.1016/s1726-4901(10)70054-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2009] [Accepted: 04/06/2010] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taiwan started its National Health Insurance (NHI) system in 1995. However, until now, most cancer screening tests and preventive care have been out-of-pocket (OOP) medical items excluded from the coverage of NHI. The aim of this study was to explore the factors influencing an individual's intention to utilize OOP health checkups. METHODS A cross-sectional research method was adopted in this study. Based on the theory of planned behavior, a questionnaire was developed and used to survey purposively sampled residents (n = 940) from 12 randomly selected townships in Taichung County, Taiwan, from August to September 2006. Descriptive statics and linear regression were conducted to analyze the collected data. RESULTS Our results showed that result evaluation (beta = 0.092), behavioral beliefs (beta = 0.088), behavioral norms of people with experience in utilizing OOP health checkups (beta = 0.116), perceived convenience (beta = 0.273), and worry about illness and perceived health (beta = 0.110) were important factors influencing the intention to utilize OOP health checkups. Age, education and acceptable health checkup charges were also related. CONCLUSION Reinforcing disease- and health checkup-related knowledge may positively influence an individual's intention to utilize OOP health checkups. In addition, improving perceived convenience and reducing disease-screening barriers can intensify the individual's intention to use OOP health checkups. The influence of age, education level and OOP checkup charges should also be taken into consideration when related policies are formulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuh-Shiow Lee
- Secretarial Office, Fung-Yuan Hospital, Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Fung-Yuan, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Griva F, Anagnostopoulos F, Madoglou S. Mammography screening and the theory of planned behavior: suggestions toward an extended model of prediction. Women Health 2010; 49:662-81. [PMID: 20183107 DOI: 10.1080/03630240903496010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Mammography screening is probably the most effective method for the early detection of breast cancer. Existing models of health behavior, such as the theory of planned behavior, could improve their predictive validity and, therefore, their ability to promote health-related interventions by identifying additional factors associated with health decision making. This review provides an overview of research on factors related to mammography screening within the context of the theory of planned behavior and identifies the potential benefits of adding motivational factors, such as time perspective, optimism, and risk perception, in an attempt to enhance its explanatory power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fay Griva
- Department of Psychology, Panteion University, Athens, Greece
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Gierisch JM, Earp JA, Brewer NT, Rimer BK. Longitudinal predictors of nonadherence to maintenance of mammography. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010; 19:1103-11. [PMID: 20354125 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-09-1120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regular adherence to screening mammography, also known as maintenance of mammography, reduces breast cancer morbidity and mortality. However, mammography maintenance is uncommon and little is known about why women do not maintain regular screening schedules. We investigated longitudinal predictors of women not maintaining adherence. METHODS Participants were insured women enrolled in an intervention trial who had screening mammograms 8 to 9 months before study enrollment (n = 1,493). Data were collected from 2003 to 2008. We used discrete event history analysis to model nonadherence to mammography maintenance over three successive annual screening intervals (+ 2 months). RESULTS Most (54%) women did not maintain screening adherence over 3 years. Women who did not maintain adherence were more likely to be ages 40 to 49 years, rate their health fair or poor, be less satisfied with their last mammography experiences, report one or more barriers to getting mammograms, be less than completely confident about getting their next mammograms (lower self-efficacy), or have weaker behavioral intentions. The odds of not maintaining adherence decreased over time. DISCUSSION Although great strides have been achieved in increasing the proportion of women who have received mammograms, most women still are not maintaining regular mammography use over time. Our findings provide insights into targets for future mammography maintenance interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Gierisch
- Duke University Medical Center-Division of General Internal Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
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Interest and beliefs about BRCA genetic counseling among at-risk Latinas in New York City. J Genet Couns 2010; 19:255-68. [PMID: 20151317 DOI: 10.1007/s10897-010-9282-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2009] [Accepted: 01/20/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Latinas are less likely to use genetic services (counseling and testing) for hereditary breast and/or ovarian cancer risk compared to other ethnic groups. Meanwhile, little is known about barriers to genetic counseling among Latinas at increased risk of inherited breast cancer. METHODS A two-phase pilot study was conducted to examine interest, barriers and beliefs about BRCA genetic counseling among at-risk Latinas in New York City and explore the potential for developing a culturally-tailored narrative educational tool for use in future studies. Phase 1 included quantitative telephone interviews (N = 15) with bilingual participants with a personal diagnosis at a young age and/or family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer. Quantitative results informed development of a narrative prototype educational presentation viewed by a subset of participants (N = 10) in Phase 2 focus groups. RESULTS Despite barriers, including lack of awareness/knowledge, concerns related to learning cancer risks of family members, and concerns about cost/health insurance, participants reported positive attitudes, beliefs and interest in learning about BRCA genetic counseling. Further, significant increases in knowledge were demonstrated from pre-post presentation (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION There is an unmet need to educate at-risk Latinas about BRCA genetic counseling. Culturally-tailored educational materials including narratives may increase knowledge about BRCA genetic counseling among this underserved group. The effectiveness of these approaches should be tested in future research with larger samples.
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Gregg J, Centurion T, Aguillon R, Maldonado J, Celaya-Alston R. Beliefs About the Pap Smear Among Mexican Immigrants. J Immigr Minor Health 2009; 13:899-905. [DOI: 10.1007/s10903-009-9301-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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49
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Shinan-Altman S, Cohen M. Nursing Aides' Attitudes to Elder Abuse in Nursing Homes: The Effect of Work Stressors and Burnout. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2009; 49:674-84. [DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnp093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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50
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Nicol P, Watkins R, Donovan R, Wynaden D, Cadwallader H. The power of vivid experience in hand hygiene compliance. J Hosp Infect 2009; 72:36-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2009.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2008] [Accepted: 01/21/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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