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de Oliveira JD, Jordaan J, Cronjé M. Morality, self-control, age, type of offence and sentence length as predictors of psychopathy amongst female incarcerated offenders in South Africa. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299847. [PMID: 38547082 PMCID: PMC10977693 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
There has been an increase in female incarcerated offenders nationally and internationally. Despite this trend, literature and research on female offenders remain limited compared to their male counterparts. Evidence of the relationship between certain personality disorders and offending behaviour has led numerous countries to prioritise identifying and assessing personality disorders among the offender population. Psychopathic personality traits may contribute to women's risk factors for expressing antisocial behaviours, resulting in their potential future incarceration. Thus, a need exists to understand possible factors that may predict the expression of psychopathic traits in females, which may have notable utility among female offenders. This study aimed to investigate possible predictor variables of psychopathy amongst incarcerated female offenders in South Africa. A quantitative research approach, non-experimental research type, and correlational research design were employed. A convenience sampling technique was used. The sample consisted of 139 (N = 139) female offenders housed in two correctional centres in South Africa who voluntarily participated in this study. Correlation analyses and hierarchical regression analysis procedures were conducted to analyse the results. Results indicated (i) a certain combination of predictor variables that statistically and practically significantly explained both primary and secondary psychopathy and (ii) individual predictor variables (e.g., Impulsivity, Simple Tasks, Risk-Seeking, and Self-Centredness) that explained both primary and secondary psychopathy statistically and practically significantly. This study provides valuable information about the possible predictor variables of psychopathy amongst female offenders within the context of South Africa. However, further research must be conducted to validate these findings and advance our knowledge on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacques Jordaan
- Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa
| | - Matthew Cronjé
- Department of Criminology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa
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Chan HO, Beech A. Risky Sexual Behavior and Psychopathy: Testing the Relationship in a Non-Clinical Sample of Young Adults in Hong Kong. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:94. [PMID: 38392448 PMCID: PMC10885930 DOI: 10.3390/bs14020094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the relationship between risky sexual behavior (RSB) and psychopathy in a non-clinical sample of 714 Hong Kong adults, shedding light on sex differences. Our findings reveal that males exhibit significantly higher mean levels of RSB (general, penetrative, and nonpenetrative), as well as egocentric (Factor 1) and callous (Factor 3) traits of psychopathy, along with increased sexual desire compared to females. Regression analyses indicate that elevated levels of antisociality (Factor 2) and callousness (Factor 3) traits of psychopathy, along with sexual desire, emerge as significant risk factors for engaging in general, penetrative, and nonpenetrative RSB. Intriguingly, higher age and being in a long-term relationship are associated with RSB. The implications of this study suggest potential avenues for reducing, if not entirely preventing, the inclination to engage in RSB in the presence of psychopathic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Oliver Chan
- Department of Social Policy, Sociology, and Criminology, School of Social Policy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Anthony Beech
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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Ghossoub E, Itani H, Touma Sawaya R, Ghanime PM, Cherro M, Elbejjani M, Barakat M, El Asmar K. Validation of the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy (LSRP) scale in the non-institutionalized Lebanese population. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:72. [PMID: 38267879 PMCID: PMC10809519 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05499-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychopathy has been described as "the first personality disorder to be recognized in psychiatry". It has three core features: affective, interpersonal, and behavioral. The Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy (LSRP) scale is used to screen for and measure psychopathy. Our study aims to validate the LSRP as a tool to measure psychopathy in the non-institutionalized Lebanese population. METHODS We surveyed Lebanese individuals residing in Lebanon and aged 18 through 65. It was a convenience sample collected via an online survey. 534 Lebanese participants completed the survey and were included in our analyses. Nearly 80% were female, 90% were college educated, and 60% were employed. We used exploratory graph analysis and confirmatory factor analyses to measure internal validity of the LSRP. We also used the HEXACO Personality Inventory-Revised (HEXACO-PI-R), the Subtypes of Antisocial Behavior Questionnaire (STAB), and the Short version of the Urgency, Premeditation (lack of), Perseverance (lack of), Sensation Seeking, Positive Urgency, Impulsive Behavior Scale (S-UPPS-P) to measure external validity of LSRP. RESULTS The exploratory graph analysis showed that the LSRP had a three-factor structure (Egocentric, Callous and Antisocial) in the Lebanese population. This three-factor structure (RMSEA = 0.05, CFI = 0.83, SRMR = 0.06) yielded a better fit than the two-factor, and three-factor Brinkley models. The LSRP was negatively correlated with the Honesty-Humility dimension of the HEXACO-PI-R and positively correlated with the STAB and S-UPPS-P subscales. CONCLUSIONS The LSRP scale is a valid measure of psychopathy in the Lebanese non-institutionalized population, adding to the currently limited literature addressing psychopathy in the Arab World.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Ghossoub
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hala Itani
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rayah Touma Sawaya
- Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Pia Maria Ghanime
- Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Michele Cherro
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Martine Elbejjani
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marc Barakat
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Khalil El Asmar
- Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street, P.O. Box 11-0236, Riad El-Solh/Beirut 1107 2020, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Zhang J, Zhang Z, Peng S, Veloo A, Bailey RP, Tan WH. Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of Sport Anxiety Scale-2. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1260253. [PMID: 38023018 PMCID: PMC10650591 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1260253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2) is a validated measure of sports trait anxiety, with promising psychometric properties. However, its cross-cultural applicability in Chinese samples remains unexplored. Thus, the primary objectives of this study were twofold: to translate the SAS-2 into Chinese and assess the psychometric properties of the Chinese version. Methods In Study 1, we initiated the translation of the SAS-2 into Chinese. This assessment involved bilingual Chinese students proficient in both English and Chinese. Additionally, we conducted a cross-linguistic measurement invariance analysis. In Study 2, we delved into the psychometric properties of the Chinese SAS-2 using a sample of Chinese student athletes. This examination encompassed an evaluation of its factor structure, convergent and discriminant validity, and measurement invariance across genders. Results Our findings in Study 1 indicated no significant differences in item scores between the Chinese SAS-2 and the English version, and measurement invariance across languages. In Study 2, we uncovered that the Chinese SAS-2 and its factors exhibited excellent reliability, with Cronbach's alpha values exceeding 0.80. Confirmatory factor analyses upheld the original three-factor model, demonstrating acceptable model fit indices (CFI = 0.96, TLI = 0.93, RMSEA = 0.08). Furthermore, all three factors of the Chinese SAS-2 displayed significant and positive correlations with athlete burnout and State-Trait anxiety. Additionally, this study elucidated the mediating role of Concentration Disruption (Somatic anxiety and Concentration Disruption) in the relationship between the Trait (State) anxiety, and athlete burnout. Moreover, we identified measurement invariance of the Chinese version of the SAS-2 across genders. Finally, female college athletes exhibited significantly higher scores in somatic anxiety and worry compared to their male counterparts. Discussion In sum, our findings affirm that the Chinese version of the SAS-2 demonstrates robust reliability and correlates effectively with related criteria, thus validating its suitability for use in a Chinese context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinrui Zhang
- Department of Physical Education, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, China
| | - Zhiwen Zhang
- School of General Education, Chongqing Institute of Engineering, Chongqing, China
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Liberal Arts, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shuo Peng
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Liberal Arts, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Faculty of Arts and Physical Education, The Open University of Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Arsaythamby Veloo
- School of Education and Modern Languages, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Bukit Kayu Hitam, Malaysia
| | - Richard Peter Bailey
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Liberal Arts, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wee Hoe Tan
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Liberal Arts, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Psychopathy in Iran: Developing and Validating a Persian Version of the Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality- Self-Report (CAPP-SR). JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-023-10037-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThe Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality-Self-Report (CAPP-SR) is the most recent operationalization of the CAPP model which uses 33 symptoms to conceptualize psychopathic personality disorder. In the current study, we sought to examine the cross-cultural utility of the CAPP-SR in an Iranian sample. In Study 1, we translated the CAPP-SR into Persian and assessed the linguistic convergence between the Persian and original English versions using a sample of Persian–English bilingual university students in New Zealand. In Study 2, we examined the reliability and validity of the Persian CAPP-SR using a sample of university students in Iran. Our results showed that the Persian CAPP-SR has a promising pattern of convergent and incremental validity in terms of their associations with conceptually-relevant criterion measures, including those designed for the Iranian cultural context. Overall, the findings from the current study support the use of the Persian CAPP-SR as well as having implications for the cross-cultural utility of the CAPP model.
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Lagera LM, Sellbom M. Examining the Psychometric Properties of the Expanded Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale in Community and University Samples. Assessment 2022:10731911221109448. [PMID: 35919943 DOI: 10.1177/10731911221109448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to further examine the psychometric properties of the Expanded Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (E-LSRP; Christian & Sellbom, 2016). Specifically, its reliability, internal structure, and convergent and discriminant validity were evaluated using university (N = 367) and community samples (N = 205) from Aotearoa New Zealand. The results provided support for the reliability and validity of the E-LSRP in both samples. More specifically, the internal consistency estimates of the E-LSRP were above the meaningful threshold, indicating good reliability. Furthermore, using confirmatory factor analysis, the hypothesized three-factor structure was supported and conceptually consistent with Cooke and Michie's (2001) Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) three-factor model. Lastly, the results generally provided support for the convergent and discriminant validity of the E-LSRP subscales; the E-LSRP Egocentricity was associated with criteria relevant to interpersonal impairment, the Callous scale with criteria relevant to the affective psychopathy domain, and the Antisocial scale with criteria representing behavioral dysfunction. Overall, the E-LSRP is a promising tool for assessing psychopathy in nonincarcerated populations.
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Is the more psychopathic more concerned with human beings overall? A data reanalysis exploration. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03234-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Amador-Zavala LO, Padrós-Blázquez F, Palacios-Salas P, Méndez-Sánchez C, Sánchez-Loyo LM, Reynoso-González OU. Propiedades Psicométricas de la Escala de Psicopatía de Levenson en Población General y Penitenciaria. ANUARIO DE PSICOLOGÍA JURÍDICA 2022. [DOI: 10.5093/apj2022a3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Network analysis of psychopathic traits among Chinese male offenders based on three self-report psychopathy measures. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03205-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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10
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Xu W, Zheng S. Personality Traits and Cyberbullying Perpetration Among Chinese University Students: The Moderating Role of Internet Self-Efficacy and Gender. Front Psychol 2022; 13:779139. [PMID: 35391948 PMCID: PMC8980776 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.779139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyberbullying is a serious global problem that affects many teenagers and university students. Recent studies have explored the relationship between personality traits and cyberbullying, but the mechanism needs further research. This paper examines the impact of personality traits on cyberbullying perpetration of Chinese university students and the moderating role of Internet self-efficacy (ISE) and gender. By random cluster sampling, 549 university students (45.7% boys) participated in filling out the self-report questionnaires. The results revealed: (1) conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness were significantly negatively correlated with cyberbullying perpetration. (2) The stratified regression showed that ISE moderated the relation between agreeableness and cyberbullying. Gender moderated the relationship between agreeableness and cyberbullying, and openness and cyberbullying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- School of Educational Science, Ludong University, Yantai, China.,Institute for Education and Treatment of Problematic Youth, Ludong University, Yantai, China.,School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Shujie Zheng
- School of Educational Science, Ludong University, Yantai, China.,Institute for Education and Treatment of Problematic Youth, Ludong University, Yantai, China
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Ye S, Li W, Zhu B, Lv Y, Yang Q, Krueger F. Altered effective connectivity from the posterior insula to the amygdala mediates the relationship between psychopathic traits and endorsement of the Harm foundation. Neuropsychologia 2022; 170:108216. [PMID: 35339504 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2022.108216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Psychopathic traits have been demonstrated to be associated with different moral foundations. However, the neuropsychological mechanism underlying the relationship between psychopathic traits and moral foundations remains obscure. Our study examined the effective connectivity (EC) of psychopathy-related brain regions and its association with endorsement to moral foundations (Harm, Fairness, Loyalty, Authority, and Purity)-combining questionnaire measures, resting-state fMRI (RS-fMRI), and Granger causality analysis. We administered the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale and Moral Foundation Questionnaire to 78 college students after RS-fMRI scanning. Our results showed that total and primary psychopathy negatively predicted endorsement of the Harm foundation. The EC from the posterior insula to the amygdala was negatively associated with primary psychopathy but positively associated with endorsement of the Harm foundation. Altered posterior insula-amygdala EC partially mediated the relationship between primary psychopathy and endorsement of the Harm foundation. Our findings demonstrated that individuals with elevated psychopathic traits may have atypical processes in recognizing and integrating bodily state information into emotional responses -leading to less concern for harm-related morality. Our findings deepen the understanding of the neuropsychological mechanism underlying the relationship between psychopathic traits and morality, providing potential neurobiological explanations for increased moral transgressions, especially those harm-related transgressions, committed by psychopathic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuer Ye
- Department of Psychology, School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Psychology, School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing Zhu
- School of Marxism, Zhejiang Yuexiu University, China
| | - Yating Lv
- Centre for Cognition and Brain Disorder, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, China.
| | - Qun Yang
- Department of Psychology, School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Frank Krueger
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
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Wu H, Fung BJ, Mobbs D. Mentalizing During Social Interaction: The Development and Validation of the Interactive Mentalizing Questionnaire. Front Psychol 2022; 12:791835. [PMID: 35250692 PMCID: PMC8891136 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.791835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that during social interaction a shared system underlies inferring one’s own mental state, and the mental states of others – processes often referred to as mentalization. However, no validated assessment has been developed to measure second order mentalization (one’s beliefs about how transparent one’s thoughts are to others), or whether this capacity plays a significant role in social interaction. The current work presents a interactive mentalization theory, which divides these directional and second order aspects of mentalization, and investigates whether these constructs are measurable, stable, and meaningful in social interactions. We developed a 20-item, self-report interactive mentalization questionnaire (IMQ) in order to assess the different sub-components of mentalization: self–self, self–other, and other–self mentalization (Study 1). We then tested this scale on a large, online sample, and report convergent and discriminant validity in the form of correlations with other measures (Study 2), as well as correlations with social deception behaviors in real online interaction with Mturk studies (Study 3 and Study 4). These results validate the IMQ, and support the idea that these three factors can predict mentalization in social interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Wu
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences and Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
- Division of the Humanities and Social Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Haiyan Wu,
| | - Bowen J. Fung
- Division of the Humanities and Social Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States
- Computation and Neural Systems Program, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States
| | - Dean Mobbs
- Division of the Humanities and Social Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States
- Computation and Neural Systems Program, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States
- Dean Mobbs,
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Wang MC, Deng J, Shou Y, Sellbom M. Cross-Cultural Examination of Psychopathy Network in Chinese and U.S. Prisoners. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-022-09960-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Latent Profile Analysis of Psychopathy in Chinese Female Offenders. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-022-09958-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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15
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Thomson ND. Gun Violence and Psychopathy Among Female Offenders. Front Psychol 2022; 13:873305. [PMID: 35756318 PMCID: PMC9218335 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.873305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Research exploring risk factors of gun violence is limited, especially research involving women as perpetrators of violence. Yet, women account for 18-21% of convicted violent crime. The present study aimed to test if psychopathy, a notable risk factor for violence, was related to past convictions of gun violence, general forms of violence, and non-violent crime. In a sample of 206 female offenders, multinomial logistic regressions assessed how interpersonal, affective, and behavioral psychopathic traits increased the likelihood of women belonging to the gun violence group, a violent crime group, and a non-violent crime group. Results showed the interpersonal and affective facets increased the likelihood of women belonging to the gun violence group compared to both the violent and non-violent crime groups. The behavioral facet increased the likelihood of women belonging to the violent crime group when compared to the gun violence and non-violent crime groups. These results suggest that gun violence has different risk factors than violent and non-violent crime. This line of inquiry indicates that existing violence prevention strategies may need to be modified to address gun violence.
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Ye S, Zhu B, Zhao L, Tian X, Yang Q, Krueger F. Connectome-based model predicts individual psychopathic traits in college students. Neurosci Lett 2021; 769:136387. [PMID: 34883220 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychopathic traits have been suggested to increase the risk of violations of socio-moral norms. Previous studies revealed that abnormal neural signatures are associated with elevated psychopathic traits; however, whether the intrinsic network architecture can predict psychopathic traits at the individual level remains unclear. METHODS The present study utilized connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM) to investigate whether whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) can predict psychopathic traits in the general population. Resting-state fMRI data were collected from 84 college students with varying psychopathic traits measured by the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (LSRP). RESULTS Functional connections that were negatively correlated with psychopathic traits predicted individual differences in total LSRP and secondary psychopathy score but not primary score. Particularly, nodes with the most connections in the predictive connectome anchored in the prefrontal cortex (e.g., anterior prefrontal cortex and orbitofrontal cortex) and limbic system (e.g., anterior cingulate cortex and insula). In addition, the connections between the occipital network (OCCN) and cingulo-opercular network (CON) served as a significant predictive connectome for total LSRP and secondary psychopathy score. CONCLUSION CPM constituted by whole-brain RSFC significantly predicted psychopathic traits individually in the general population. The brain areas including the prefrontal cortex and limbic system and large-scale networks including the CON and OCCN play special roles in the predictive model-possibly reflecting atypical cognitive control and affective processing for individuals with elevated psychopathic traits. These findings may facilitate detection and potential intervention of individuals with maladaptive psychopathic tendency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuer Ye
- Department of Psychology, Jing Hengyi School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing Zhu
- School of Marxism, Zhejiang Yuexiu University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Psychology, Jing Hengyi School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China; Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuehong Tian
- Department of Psychology, Jing Hengyi School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qun Yang
- Department of Psychology, Jing Hengyi School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Frank Krueger
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
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Fekih-Romdhane F, Hsini A, Aouina AA, Ridha R, Cheour M. Correlates of psychopathy in a Tunisian sample of incarcerated women. J Forensic Leg Med 2021; 82:102232. [PMID: 34385020 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2021.102232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considerable effort has been devoted to elucidating correlates of psychopathy in males, but only few researchers have turned their attention to this field in female counterparts, with most of the research in this field having been driven from western countries. We aimed to explore psychopathic traits, impulsiveness and psychiatric symptoms that characterize a Tunisian female prison population. METHOD Data were collected in a cross-sectional design during September 2017. The sample was comprised of 100 adult females who were incarcerated at the "Manouba Women's Prison" at the time of the survey. The Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale, the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, and The Brief Symptom Inventory were used. RESULTS In the univariate analysis, socioeconomic level (p = .001), tobacco use (p = .001), poly drug use (p = .014) and physically aggressive behaviors in the 6 months before incarceration (p = .043) were significantly associated with psychopathy total scores. After multivariable adjustment, motor impulsiveness (β = 0.426, p < .01) and phobic anxiety (β = 0.284, p < .05) contributed significantly to the variance of psychopathy total scores. CONCLUSION The current findings not only add to the growing body of literature on female psychopathy, but also help inform decision making about mental health-related programs and policies in female prison settings in underdeveloped and underrepresented countries similar to our sociocultural context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunisia; Razi Hospital, Mannouba, Tunisia.
| | - Ameni Hsini
- Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunisia; Razi Hospital, Mannouba, Tunisia.
| | - Asma Achouri Aouina
- Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunisia; Manouba Women's Prison, The General Direction of Prisons and Rehabilitation, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Rym Ridha
- Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunisia; Razi Hospital, Mannouba, Tunisia.
| | - Majda Cheour
- Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunisia; Razi Hospital, Mannouba, Tunisia.
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Wissenburg SA, Garofalo C, Blokland AAJ, Palmen H, Sellbom M. Longitudinal Validation of the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy (LSRP) Scale in a High-Risk Dutch Community Sample. Assessment 2020; 29:367-384. [PMID: 33269603 DOI: 10.1177/1073191120975130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy (LSRP) scale is a self-report measure that can be used to assess psychopathic traits in community samples, and recent research suggested that its three-factor model (Egocentricity, Callousness, and Antisocial) has promising psychometric properties. However, no study to date has validated the LSRP in a longitudinal framework. The present study sought to validate the LSRP scale in a longitudinal design using a sample of Dutch emerging adults (ns = 970 and 693 at time points 1 and 2, respectively). We assessed longitudinal measurement invariance and the stability of psychopathic traits over an 18-month time period, from age 20 to age 21.6. Furthermore, we replicated and extended findings on the factor structure, reliability, and construct validity of the Dutch LSRP scale. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the three-factor model fit the data well. Evidence of partial longitudinal measurement invariance was observed, which means that the Dutch translation of the LSRP scale is measuring an equivalent construct (and overall latent factor structure) over time. Psychopathic traits were relatively stable over time. The three LSRP subscales showed largely acceptable levels of internal consistency at both time points and showed conceptually expected patterns of construct validity and predictive validity, with a few notable exceptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie A Wissenburg
- VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, North Holland, Netherlands.,University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | | | - H Palmen
- Leiden University, Leiden, South Holland, Netherlands
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19
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Li S, Ding D, Wu Z, Yi L, Lai J, Dang L. Do High Psychopaths Care More about Moral Consequences than Low Psychopaths in Chinese Culture? An Exploration Using the CNI Model. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:healthcare8040505. [PMID: 33233385 PMCID: PMC7712818 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8040505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Fewer studies are about the influence of psychopath traits on moral judgment and the underlying psychological mechanism in Chinese cultural background. In this paper, we use the creative CNI (Consequences, Norms, Inaction versus action) model to quantify the subject’s reaction to moral dilemmas. Method: In this research, the Chinese version of the Levenson Psychopathic Scale, CNI model materials, and a multinomial model to further analyze the associations among the psychopathy characteristics and utilitarian moral judgment are applied. The CNI model is proposed by Gawronski et al., which can quantify the subjects’ sensitivity to moral consequence, sensitivity to moral norms, and the general preference for inaction or action in moral dilemmas. Result: This study finds that there were significant differences in the utilitarian moral judgment between the groups, t (360) = 3.24, p = 0.001, and Cohen’s d = 0.36. The analysis results of the CNI model show that the high psychopathy group on the N parameter was significantly lower than the group of low psychopathy, ΔG2 (2) = 79.70, p = 0.001. In terms of the C parameter, we found no significant distinctions between the two groups, ΔG2 (2) = 1.356, p = 0.244. For the I parameter, the two groups also have no significant differences, ΔG2 (2) = 0.093, p = 0.76. Conclusion: Persons with high psychopathy traits prefer to make more utilitarian moral judgments and have a weak sensitivity to moral norms (N). The sensitivity to consequences (C) of the two groups is no significant difference. The general preference for inaction versus action (I) also has no significant differences between those two groups. Moreover, the CNI model fits well in Chinese subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglan Li
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; (S.L.); (Z.W.); (L.Y.); (J.L.)
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Normal College, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, China
| | - Daoqun Ding
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; (S.L.); (Z.W.); (L.Y.); (J.L.)
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-1557-585-1428
| | - Zhihui Wu
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; (S.L.); (Z.W.); (L.Y.); (J.L.)
| | - Liangliang Yi
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; (S.L.); (Z.W.); (L.Y.); (J.L.)
| | - Ji Lai
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; (S.L.); (Z.W.); (L.Y.); (J.L.)
| | - Le Dang
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China;
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20
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Psederska E, Yankov GP, Bozgunov K, Popov V, Vasilev G, Vassileva J. Validation of the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale in Bulgarian Substance-Dependent Individuals. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1110. [PMID: 32581949 PMCID: PMC7296064 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The co-occurrence of psychopathy and substance use disorders (SUDs) is associated with higher relapse rates and increased risk of violent offending. Studies on the validity of psychopathy measures in community samples and substance-dependent individuals (SDIs) are scarce. The aim of the current study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (LSRP) in a sample of Bulgarian SDIs and non-dependent controls. We tested 615 participants: 106 heroin users, 91 amphetamine users, 123 polysubstance users, and 295 controls. Confirmatory factor analyses replicated the tri-factor structure of the LSRP (egocentric, antisocial, callous). The scale demonstrated acceptable reliability and validity. SDIs scored significantly higher than controls on the total scale and subscales of the LSRP, indicating good discriminant validity. Overall, results indicate that the LSRP is a valid instrument for measuring psychopathy in Bulgarian community samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Psederska
- Bulgarian Addictions Institute, Sofia, Bulgaria.,Department of Cognitive Science and Psychology, New Bulgarian University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi P Yankov
- Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, United States
| | | | - Vencislav Popov
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | | | - Jasmin Vassileva
- Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
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21
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Ren F, Zhang QP, Li M, Luo J, Deng J, Zhang X, Wang MC. Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance of Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory-Child Version in Chinese Children. Front Psychol 2019; 10:2550. [PMID: 31827452 PMCID: PMC6892403 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary goal of the present study was to examine the latent factor structure and measurement invariance (MI) of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory-Child Version (YPI-CV) in a sample of Chinese children. 299 school children (aged 9-12, 47.3% female) completed the Chinese version of the YPI-CV, and their parents completed a different measure of psychopathic traits, as well as ones for other measures: the Child Problematic Traits Inventory (CPTI), the Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire (SDQ), and the Social Competence - Parent Version (SCPV). Results showed that a bifactor model at item level fit the data best and was invariant across gender. Specifically, the general psychopathy factor influenced the 18 items strongly, suggesting that the YPI-CV is unidimensional rather than multidimensional. Overall, findings suggest that the bifactor structure of the YPI-CV should be used when examining relationships with outcome variables in Chinese children, with a focus on the total score of the YPI-CV, while factor scores should explain with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Ren
- School of Education and Psychology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Qing-Peng Zhang
- Department of Sociology, School of Public Administration, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingshu Li
- The Center for Psychometrics and Latent Variable Modeling, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Psychology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Luo
- School of Education Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiaxin Deng
- The Center for Psychometrics and Latent Variable Modeling, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Psychology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xintong Zhang
- The Center for Psychometrics and Latent Variable Modeling, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Psychology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Cheng Wang
- The Center for Psychometrics and Latent Variable Modeling, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Psychology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory for Juveniles Mental Health and Educational Neuroscience in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
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22
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The development and psychometric evaluation of the Chinese Big Five Personality Inventory-15. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221621. [PMID: 31454383 PMCID: PMC6771307 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Chinese Big Five Personality Inventory (CBF-PI), a 134-item self-report
scale, and its 40-item brief version (CBF-PI-B) are sound psychometric
instruments used to measure the Big Five personality domains in the Chinese
population. However, their applicability is limited by their length, as well as
restricted by assessment conditions. In this study, we developed and validated a
new shortened version with 15 items (CBF-PI-15) through exploratory factor
analysis and confirmatory factor analysis in a large sample (Sample 1) of 10,738
Chinese adults (mean = 33.90 years, SD = 9.39 years, range
17–57 years). Measurement invariance results suggested the CBF-PI-15 were
invariant across gender and age groups. Convergent, discriminant and criterion
validities were tested in Sample 2 (N = 256, mean = 21.62
years, SD = 3.06 years, range 18–35 years) and findings showed
an expected correlational pattern with external variables. Results revealed
positive correlations of Neuroticism with the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale Brief
Version (BIS-Brief), the Patient Health Questionnaire, and the Generalized
Anxiety Disorder Screener, as well as a strongly negative correlation between
Conscientiousness and BIS-Brief. Additionally, Conscientiousness positively
correlated with academic performance as expected. In conclusion, the CBF-PI-15
holds promise as an informative alternative for the original CBF-PI-B when
administration time or conditions are limited, and our findings provide
preliminary support for the utility of the CBF-PI-15.
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23
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Yang W, Zhang X, Wang MC, Zhong C, Luo J, Gao Y. Factor Structure and Construct Validity of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory and Its Shorten Version in Chinese Detained Boys. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1831. [PMID: 31447751 PMCID: PMC6692477 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory (YPI) was designed to assess psychopathic traits in adolescents. However, there exists limited evidence for the factor structure and psychometric properties of the YPI when used with Chinese detained juveniles. The present study aimed to examine the factor structure and construct validity of the YPI and its shortened version (YPI-S) in a sample of 607 Chinese 14- to 22-year-old detained boys (M = 17.15, SD = 1.09). Confirmatory factor analyses revealed a bifactor model which best fit the data at the subscale level for the YPI, and at the item level for the YPI-S. The internal consistency of the YPI and YPI-S scores ranged from marginal to good. Both the YPI and YPI-S total and factor scores correlated positively with the APSD, an alternative psychopathic measure, as well as with proactive and reactive aggression, and correlated negatively with affective and cognitive empathy. Overall, the YPI and YPI-S are shown to be practical and valid assessment tools to measure psychopathic traits in Chinese detained youths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendeng Yang
- Department of Psychology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory for Juveniles Mental Health and Educational Neuroscience in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xintong Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- The Center for Psychometrics and Latent Variable Modeling, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Cheng Wang
- Department of Psychology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory for Juveniles Mental Health and Educational Neuroscience in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- The Center for Psychometrics and Latent Variable Modeling, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuxian Zhong
- Department of Psychology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory for Juveniles Mental Health and Educational Neuroscience in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Luo
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
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24
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Yao X, Zhang F, Yang T, Lin T, Xiang L, Xu F, He G. Psychopathy and Decision-Making: Antisocial Factor Associated With Risky Decision-Making in Offenders. Front Psychol 2019; 10:166. [PMID: 30774616 PMCID: PMC6367264 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychopathy is a personality development disorder increasing the risk of antisocial behavior. Studies on the relationship between psychopathy and decision-making have received limited attention and the result of studies is mixed. A present study examines whether or not the different factors of psychopathy are related to decision-making under risk and ambiguity in offenders and how they are related. Also, the study investigates whether general intelligence is associated with decision-making or moderates the relationship between psychopathy and decision-making. The results showed that only antisocial factor of psychopathy significantly correlates with Game of Dice Task (GDT) risky selections, but there no general relation between psychopathy and Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) performance. Lastly, general intelligence neither is related to decision-making under risk and ambiguity nor moderates the relationship between decision-making and psychopathy. The study results show that antisocial factor of psychopathy was associated with decision-making under risk rather than ambiguity. Our results also suggest that the antisocial factor of psychopathy was more related to executive dysfunction in offenders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Yao
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Fenghua Zhang
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Psychology and Cognition Science of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tao Lin
- Nanchang Prison, Nanchang, China
| | - Ling Xiang
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Psychology and Cognition Science of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Fuming Xu
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
- Key Laboratory of Psychology and Cognition Science of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Guanrui He
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
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25
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Garofalo C, Noteborn MGC, Sellbom M, Bogaerts S. Factor Structure and Construct Validity of the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (LSRP): A Replication and Extension in Dutch Nonclinical Participants. J Pers Assess 2018; 101:481-492. [PMID: 30362829 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2018.1519830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy (LSRP) scale is widely used to assess psychopathic traits in noninstitutionalized samples. Recent studies suggest that a three-factor structure measuring Egocentricity, Callousness, and Antisocial factors outperformed the original two-factor structure of the LSRP. This study replicated and extended these findings by examining the factor structure and construct validity of a Dutch version of the LSRP in a community sample (N = 856, subsamples ranging between 140 and 572 participants). Confirmatory factor analysis results corroborated the superiority of the three-factor model of the LSRP, using 19 of the 26 LSRP items. Limitations included the need to specify correlated residuals for some indicators, although these were largely in line with prior studies. Across three subsamples, we found evidence for construct validity of the LSRP subscales. Egocentricity and Antisocial showed a pattern of differential associations with external correlates in accordance with theoretical expectations. Callousness shared some correlates with Egocentricity, others with Antisocial, and uniquely predicted low morality and high physical aggression. Few exceptions to the hypothesized associations were observed, mostly concerning Callousness. Overall, the LSRP three-factor model received further support in a Dutch sample, and is thus recommended in future research, possibly adding items to improve the performance of the Callousness factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Garofalo
- a Department of Developmental Psychology, Tilburg University , Tilburg , The Netherlands
| | - Mirthe G C Noteborn
- a Department of Developmental Psychology, Tilburg University , Tilburg , The Netherlands
| | - Martin Sellbom
- b Department of Psychology, University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand
| | - Stefan Bogaerts
- a Department of Developmental Psychology, Tilburg University , Tilburg , The Netherlands.,c Fivoor Science & Treatment Innovation , Poortugaal , The Netherlands
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26
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Wang MC, Gao Y, Deng J, Lai H, Deng Q, Armour C. The factor structure and construct validity of the inventory of callous-unemotional traits in Chinese undergraduate students. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189003. [PMID: 29216240 PMCID: PMC5720694 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study assesses the factor structure and construct validity of the self-reported Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU) in 637 Chinese community adults (mean age = 25.98, SD = 5.79). A series of theoretical models proposed in previous studies were tested through confirmatory factor analyses. Results indicated that a shortened form that consists of 11 items (ICU-11) to assess callousness and uncaring factors has excellent overall fit. Additionally, correlations with a wide range of external variables demonstrated that this shortened form has similar construct validity compared to the original ICU. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the ICU-11 may be a promising self-report tool that could be a good substitute for the original form to assess callous-uncaring traits in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Cheng Wang
- Department of Psychology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory for Juveniles Mental Health and Educational Neuroscience in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Yu Gao
- Brooklyn College, the City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jiaxin Deng
- Department of Psychology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Lai
- Department of Psychology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiaowen Deng
- Department of Psychology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cherie Armour
- Psychology Research Institute, University of Ulster, Coleraine, United Kingdom
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