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Peng S, Fu H, Li R, Li H, Wang S, Li B, Sun J. A new direction in periodontitis treatment: biomaterial-mediated macrophage immunotherapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:359. [PMID: 38907216 PMCID: PMC11193307 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02592-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammation caused by a bacterial infection and is intimately associated with an overactive immune response. Biomaterials are being utilized more frequently in periodontal therapy due to their designability and unique drug delivery system. However, local and systemic immune response reactions driven by the implantation of biomaterials could result in inflammation, tissue damage, and fibrosis, which could end up with the failure of the implantation. Therefore, immunological adjustment of biomaterials through precise design can reduce the host reaction while eliminating the periodontal tissue's long-term chronic inflammation response. It is important to note that macrophages are an active immune system component that can participate in the progression of periodontal disease through intricate polarization mechanisms. And modulating macrophage polarization by designing biomaterials has emerged as a new periodontal therapy technique. In this review, we discuss the role of macrophages in periodontitis and typical strategies for polarizing macrophages with biomaterials. Subsequently, we discuss the challenges and potential opportunities of using biomaterials to manipulate periodontal macrophages to facilitate periodontal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Peng
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 45000, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences at Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 45000, China
| | - Haojie Fu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 45000, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences at Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 45000, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 45000, China
| | - Hui Li
- Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Shuyuan Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 45000, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences at Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 45000, China
| | - Bingyan Li
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 45000, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences at Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 45000, China
| | - Jingjing Sun
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 45000, China.
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Mills EG, Abbara A, Dhillo WS, Comninos AN. Effects of distinct Polycystic Ovary Syndrome phenotypes on bone health. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1163771. [PMID: 37251667 PMCID: PMC10213631 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1163771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a highly prevalent and heterogenous endocrinopathy affecting 5-18% of women. Although its cardinal features include androgen excess, ovulatory dysfunction, and/or polycystic ovarian morphology, women often display related metabolic manifestations, including hyperinsulinaemia, insulin resistance, and obesity. Emerging data reveal that the hormonal alterations associated with PCOS also impact bone metabolism. However, inconsistent evidence exists as to whether PCOS is a bone-protective or bone-hindering disorder with an accumulating body of clinical data indicating that hyperandrogenism, hyperinsulinaemia, insulin resistance, and obesity may have a relative protective influence on bone, whereas chronic low-grade inflammation and vitamin D deficiency may adversely affect bone health. Herein, we provide a comprehensive assessment of the endocrine and metabolic manifestations associated with PCOS and their relative effects on bone metabolism. We focus principally on clinical studies in women investigating their contribution to the alterations in bone turnover markers, bone mineral density, and ultimately fracture risk in PCOS. A thorough understanding in this regard will indicate whether women with PCOS require enhanced surveillance of bone health in routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edouard G. Mills
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ali Abbara
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Waljit S. Dhillo
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander N. Comninos
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Endocrine Bone Unit, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Cappariello A, Muraca M, Teti A, Rucci N. Circulating Extracellular Vesicles Express Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor κB Ligand and Other Molecules Informative of the Bone Metabolic Status of Mouse Models of Experimentally Induced Osteoporosis. Calcif Tissue Int 2023; 112:74-91. [PMID: 36282293 PMCID: PMC9813163 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-022-01032-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are potent means of cell-to-cell communication. They are released in biological fluids, including blood, urine, and saliva, and can be exploited to identify new biomarkers of diseases. We hypothesized that EVs contain molecular cargos involved in bone metabolism, possibly mirroring biological differences between postmenopausal and disuse osteoporosis. We tested this hypothesis in primary murine osteoblasts subjected to steroid depletion or to unloading, and in the serum of animal models of osteoporosis induced by ovariectomy or hindlimb tail suspension. EVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation and analysed by transmission electron microscopy, cytofluorimetry, immunoblotting and RT-PCR. Large-scale analyses were performed by Real-Time arrays and Proteome Profiler™ Antibody arrays. Finally, precise titration of analytes was carried out by ELISA assay. In vitro, we confirmed an increased release of EVs enriched in surface RANKL by primary mouse osteoblasts subjected to steroid depletion or simulated microgravity compared to controls. In vivo, circulating EVs isolated from the sera of control female mice expressed RANKL along with other genes associated with bone metabolism. Serum EVs from ovariectomized or hindlimb tail-suspended mice showed distinct molecular profiles. They expressed RANKL with different kinetics, while transcriptomic and proteomic profiles uncovered unique molecular signatures that discriminated the two conditions, unveiling exclusive molecules expressed in time- and osteoporosis type-dependent manner. These results suggest that circulating EVs could represent a new tool for monitoring the onset and the progression of diverse types of the disease in mice, paving the way for their exploitation to diagnose human osteoporosis in liquid biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Cappariello
- Research Laboratories, Department of Onco-Haematology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio - Coppito 2, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Maurizio Muraca
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Anna Teti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio - Coppito 2, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Nadia Rucci
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio - Coppito 2, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
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4
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Meng D, Wang Y, Liu T. Protective effects of silibinin on LPS-induced inflammation in human periodontal ligament cells. Front Chem 2022; 10:1019663. [PMID: 36300030 PMCID: PMC9591103 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1019663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinically, periodontitis is a chronic nonspecific inflammation that leads to damaged teeth and their supporting gum tissues. Although many studies on periodontitis have been conducted, therapy with natural products is still rare. Silibinin has been proven to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. However, the effects of silibinin on lipopolyssacharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in periodontal ligaments (PDLs) have not yet been investigated. In this study, the PDLs were treated with silibinin (10, 20, and 40 μM) in the presence of LPS. The results showed that silibinin treatment reduced the levels of NO, PGE2, IL-6, TNF-α, MMP-1, and MMP-3 and enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH). Moreover, silibinin treatment downregulated RANKL levels and upregulated OPG and ALP levels. In summary, silibinin protected PDLs against LPS-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Meng
- Department of Stomatology, The Central Hospital Affilliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuling Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The Central Hospital Affilliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Stomatology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Tongjun Liu
- Department of Stomatology, The Central Hospital Affilliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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Xiong X, Li C, Guo L, Wu Y, Wang Y, Song X. Effect of Intracapsular Pressure on Decompression Effectiveness. Int Dent J 2022; 72:839-846. [DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2022.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Manual Therapy Facilitates Homeostatic Adaptation to Bone Microstructural Declines Induced by a Rat Model of Repetitive Forceful Task. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126586. [PMID: 35743030 PMCID: PMC9223642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The effectiveness of manual therapy in reducing the catabolic effects of performing repetitive intensive force tasks on bones has not been reported. We examined if manual therapy could reduce radial bone microstructural declines in adult female Sprague–Dawley rats performing a 12-week high-repetition and high-force task, with or without simultaneous manual therapy to forelimbs. Additional rats were provided 6 weeks of rest after task cessation, with or without manual therapy. The control rats were untreated or received manual therapy for 12 weeks. The untreated TASK rats showed increased catabolic indices in the radius (decreased trabecular bone volume and numbers, increased osteoclasts in these trabeculae, and mid-diaphyseal cortical bone thinning) and increased serum CTX-1, TNF-α, and muscle macrophages. In contrast, the TASK rats receiving manual therapy showed increased radial bone anabolism (increased trabecular bone volume and osteoblast numbers, decreased osteoclast numbers, and increased mid-diaphyseal total area and periosteal perimeter) and increased serum TNF-α and muscle macrophages. Rest, with or without manual therapy, improved the trabecular thickness and mid-diaphyseal cortical bone attributes but not the mineral density. Thus, preventive manual therapy reduced the net radial bone catabolism by increasing osteogenesis, while rest, with or without manual therapy, was less effective.
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SARS-CoV-2 infection induces inflammatory bone loss in golden Syrian hamsters. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2539. [PMID: 35534483 PMCID: PMC9085785 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30195-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Extrapulmonary complications of different organ systems have been increasingly recognized in patients with severe or chronic Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, limited information on the skeletal complications of COVID-19 is known, even though inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract have been known to perturb bone metabolism and cause pathological bone loss. In this study, we characterize the effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection on bone metabolism in an established golden Syrian hamster model for COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 causes significant multifocal loss of bone trabeculae in the long bones and lumbar vertebrae of all infected hamsters. Moreover, we show that the bone loss is associated with SARS-CoV-2-induced cytokine dysregulation, as the circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines not only upregulate osteoclastic differentiation in bone tissues, but also trigger an amplified pro-inflammatory cascade in the skeletal tissues to augment their pro-osteoclastogenesis effect. Our findings suggest that pathological bone loss may be a neglected complication which warrants more extensive investigations during the long-term follow-up of COVID-19 patients. The benefits of potential prophylactic and therapeutic interventions against pathological bone loss should be further evaluated. Although extrapulmonary complications of different organ systems are recognized in patients with severe COVID19 effects are less well studied. Here, Qiao et al. characterize the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 on bone metabolism in Syrian hamster and find that bone loss is associated with virus-mediated cytokine dysregulation.
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Terkawi MA, Matsumae G, Shimizu T, Takahashi D, Kadoya K, Iwasaki N. Interplay between Inflammation and Pathological Bone Resorption: Insights into Recent Mechanisms and Pathways in Related Diseases for Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1786. [PMID: 35163708 PMCID: PMC8836472 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone is a mineralized and elastic connective tissue that provides fundamental functions in the human body, including mechanical support to the muscles and joints, protection of vital organs and storage of minerals. Bone is a metabolically active organ that undergoes continuous remodeling processes to maintain its architecture, shape, and function throughout life. One of the most important medical discoveries of recent decades has been that the immune system is involved in bone remodeling. Indeed, chronic inflammation has been recognized as the most significant factor influencing bone homeostasis, causing a shift in the bone remodeling process toward pathological bone resorption. Bone osteolytic diseases typified by excessive bone resorption account for one of the greatest causes of disability worldwide, with significant economic and public health burdens. From this perspective, we discuss the recent findings and discoveries highlighting the cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate this process in the bone microenvironment, in addition to the current therapeutic strategies for the treatment of osteolytic bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alaa Terkawi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nish-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (G.M.); (T.S.); (D.T.); (K.K.); (N.I.)
| | - Gen Matsumae
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nish-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (G.M.); (T.S.); (D.T.); (K.K.); (N.I.)
| | - Tomohiro Shimizu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nish-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (G.M.); (T.S.); (D.T.); (K.K.); (N.I.)
| | - Daisuke Takahashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nish-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (G.M.); (T.S.); (D.T.); (K.K.); (N.I.)
| | - Ken Kadoya
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nish-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (G.M.); (T.S.); (D.T.); (K.K.); (N.I.)
| | - Norimasa Iwasaki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nish-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (G.M.); (T.S.); (D.T.); (K.K.); (N.I.)
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Sun Y, Li J, Xie X, Gu F, Sui Z, Zhang K, Yu T. Macrophage-Osteoclast Associations: Origin, Polarization, and Subgroups. Front Immunol 2021; 12:778078. [PMID: 34925351 PMCID: PMC8672114 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.778078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular associations in the bone microenvironment are involved in modulating the balance between bone remodeling and resorption, which is necessary for maintaining a normal bone morphology. Macrophages and osteoclasts are both vital components of the bone marrow. Macrophages can interact with osteoclasts and regulate bone metabolism by secreting a variety of cytokines, which make a significant contribution to the associations. Although, recent studies have fully explored either macrophages or osteoclasts, indicating the significance of these two types of cells. However, it is of high importance to report the latest discoveries on the relationships between these two myeloid-derived cells in the field of osteoimmunology. Therefore, this paper reviews this topic from three novel aspects of the origin, polarization, and subgroups based on the previous work, to provide a reference for future research and treatment of bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiangbi Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoping Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Feng Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhenjiang Sui
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tiecheng Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Deferoxamine Reduces Inflammation and Osteoclastogenesis in Avulsed Teeth. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158225. [PMID: 34360988 PMCID: PMC8348439 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Replacement and inflammatory resorption are serious complications associated with the delayed replantation of avulsed teeth. In this study, we aimed to assess whether deferoxamine (DFO) can suppress inflammation and osteoclastogenesis in vitro and attenuate inflammation and bone resorption in a replanted rat tooth model. Cell viability and inflammation were evaluated in RAW264.7 cells. Osteoclastogenesis was confirmed by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining, reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurement, and quantitative reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction in teeth exposed to different concentrations of DFO. In vivo, molars of 31 six-week-old male Sprague–Dawley rats were extracted and stored in saline (n = 10) or DFO solution (n = 21) before replantation. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) imaging and histological analysis were performed to evaluate inflammation and root and alveolar bone resorption. DFO downregulated the genes related to inflammation and osteoclastogenesis. DFO also reduced ROS production and regulated specific pathways. Furthermore, the results of the micro-CT and histological analyses provided evidence of the decrease in inflammation and hard tissue resorption in the DFO group. Overall, these results suggest that DFO reduces inflammation and osteoclastogenesis in a tooth replantation model, and thus, it has to be further investigated as a root surface treatment option for an avulsed tooth.
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Ebe Y, Nakamura T, Hasegawa-Nakamura K, Noguchi K. Effect of interleukin-1β on bone morphogenetic protein-9-induced osteoblastic differentiation of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts. Eur J Oral Sci 2021; 129:e12792. [PMID: 33945653 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein-9 (BMP-9) has been shown to potently induce osteoblastic differentiation of periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs) and may be a candidate therapeutic agent for periodontal tissue healing/regeneration, but the effect of the inflammatory environment of periodontitis on such approaches is unclear. We investigated whether interleukin-1β (IL-1β) affected BMP-9-mediated osteoblastic differentiation of human (h) PDLFs. IL-1β suppressed BMP-9-induced osteogenic differentiation of hPDLFs, as evidenced by reduced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralization, and the downregulated expression of BMP-9-mediated bone-related genes, RUNX2, SP7, IBSP, and SPP1. In hPDLFs, with or without BMP-9, IL-1β increased the protein expression of activin A, a BMP-9 antagonist, and decreased follistatin protein, an antagonist of activin A. Similarly, IL-1β upregulated the expression of the activin A gene and downregulated that of the follistatin gene. Notably, follistatin re-established BMP-9-induced ALP activity suppressed by IL-1β. Activin A inhibited the expression of BMP-9-responsive genes and BMP-9-induced ALP activity, while follistatin re-established them. Finally, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), p38, and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) inhibition significantly blocked IL-1β-induced activin A gene expression. Our data indicate that IL-1β inhibits BMP-9-induced osteoblastic differentiation of hPDLFs, possibly by promoting activin A production via the ERK1/2, p38, and NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukari Ebe
- Division of Clinical Engineering, Department of Dental Hygiene, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Nakamura
- Department of Periodontology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kozue Hasegawa-Nakamura
- Department of Periodontology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Noguchi
- Department of Periodontology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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12
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Galler KM, Grätz EM, Widbiller M, Buchalla W, Knüttel H. Pathophysiological mechanisms of root resorption after dental trauma: a systematic scoping review. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:163. [PMID: 33771147 PMCID: PMC7995728 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01510-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The objective of this scoping review was to systematically explore the current knowledge of cellular and molecular processes that drive and control trauma-associated root resorption, to identify research gaps and to provide a basis for improved prevention and therapy. Methods Four major bibliographic databases were searched according to the research question up to February 2021 and supplemented manually. Reports on physiologic, histologic, anatomic and clinical aspects of root resorption following dental trauma were included. Duplicates were removed, the collected material was screened by title/abstract and assessed for eligibility based on the full text. Relevant aspects were extracted, organized and summarized. Results 846 papers were identified as relevant for a qualitative summary. Consideration of pathophysiological mechanisms concerning trauma-related root resorption in the literature is sparse. Whereas some forms of resorption have been explored thoroughly, the etiology of others, particularly invasive cervical resorption, is still under debate, resulting in inadequate diagnostics and heterogeneous clinical recommendations. Effective therapies for progressive replacement resorptions have not been established. Whereas the discovery of the RANKL/RANK/OPG system is essential to our understanding of resorptive processes, many questions regarding the functional regulation of osteo-/odontoclasts remain unanswered. Conclusions This scoping review provides an overview of existing evidence, but also identifies knowledge gaps that need to be addressed by continued laboratory and clinical research. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-021-01510-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin M Galler
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Eva-Maria Grätz
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Widbiller
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Buchalla
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Helge Knüttel
- University Library, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Yamaguchi M, Fukasawa S. Is Inflammation a Friend or Foe for Orthodontic Treatment?: Inflammation in Orthodontically Induced Inflammatory Root Resorption and Accelerating Tooth Movement. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2388. [PMID: 33673606 PMCID: PMC7957544 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to provide a review on the role of inflammation in orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR) and accelerating orthodontic tooth movement (AOTM) in orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is stimulated by remodeling of the periodontal ligament (PDL) and alveolar bone. These remodeling activities and tooth displacement are involved in the occurrence of an inflammatory process in the periodontium, in response to orthodontic forces. Inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins (PGs), interleukins (Ils; IL-1, -6, -17), the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α superfamily, and receptor activator of nuclear factor (RANK)/RANK ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) are increased in the PDL during OTM. OIIRR is one of the accidental symptoms, and inflammatory mediators have been detected in resorbed roots, PDL, and alveolar bone exposed to heavy orthodontic force. Therefore, these inflammatory mediators are involved with the occurrence of OIIRR during orthodontic tooth movement. On the contrary, regional accelerating phenomenon (RAP) occurs after fractures and surgery such as osteotomies or bone grafting, and bone healing is accelerated by increasing osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Recently, tooth movement after surgical procedures such as corticotomy, corticision, piezocision, and micro-osteoperforation might be accelerated by RAP, which increases the bone metabolism. Therefore, inflammation may be involved in accelerated OTM (AOTM). The knowledge of inflammation during orthodontic treatment could be used in preventing OIIRR and AOTM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Yamaguchi
- Ginza Orthodontic Clinic, Ginza Granvia 6F, 3-3-14 Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0061, Japan;
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The revisited role of interleukin-1 alpha and beta in autoimmune and inflammatory disorders and in comorbidities. Autoimmun Rev 2021; 20:102785. [PMID: 33621698 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2021.102785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The interleukin (IL) 1 family of cytokines is noteworthy to have pleiotropic functions in inflammation and acquired immunity. Over the last decades, several progresses have been made in understanding the function and regulation of the prototypical inflammatory cytokine (IL-1) in human diseases. IL-1α and IL-1β deregulated signaling causes devastating diseases manifested by severe acute or chronic inflammation. In this review, we examine and compare the key aspects of IL-1α and IL-1β biology and regulation and discuss their importance in the initiation and maintenance of inflammation that underlie the pathology of many human diseases. We also report the current and ongoing inhibitors of IL-1 signaling, targeting IL-1α, IL-1β, their receptor or other molecular compounds as effective strategies to prevent or treat the onset and progression of various inflammatory disorders.
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15
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Nowrin SA, Jaafar S, Rahman NA, Shahid F, Basri R, Alam MK. External Apical Root Resorption and IL-1A, IL-1RN Gene Polymorphisms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies. PESQUISA BRASILEIRA EM ODONTOPEDIATRIA E CLÍNICA INTEGRADA 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/pboci.2021.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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16
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Belenska-Todorova L, Zhivkova R, Markova M, Ivanovska N. Follicle stimulating hormone and estradiol alter immune response in osteoarthritic mice in an opposite manner. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2021; 35:20587384211016198. [PMID: 34024188 PMCID: PMC8150452 DOI: 10.1177/20587384211016198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Although a number of studies have shown that the occurrence and progression of osteoarthritis (OA) is related to endocrine system dysfunction, there is limited evidence about what roles sex hormones play. The aim of the present study was to examine the capacity of 17β-estradiol (ED) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) to alter the differentiation of bone marrow (BM) cells in arthritic mice. The experiments were conducted in collagenase-induced osteoarthritis in mice. Cartilage degradation was observed by safranin and toluidine blue staining. Flow cytometry was used to define different BM and synovial cell populations. The influence of FSH and ED on osteoclastogenesis was studied in BM cultures and on the osteoblastogenesis in primary calvarial cultures. The levels of IL-8, TNF-α, FSH, and osteocalcin were estimated by ELISA. FSH increased cartilage degradation and serum osteocalcin levels, while ED abolished it and lowered serum osteocalcin. FSH elevated the percentage of monocytoid CD14+/RANK+ and B cell CD19+/RANK+ cells in contrast to ED which inhibited the accumulation of these osteogenic populations. Also, ED changed the percentage of CD105+/F4/80+ and CD11c+ cells in the synovium. FSH augmented and ED suppressed macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) + receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast (OC) formation, and this correlated with a respective increase and decrease of IL-8 secretion. FSH did not influence osteoblast (OB) formation while ED enhanced this process in association with changes of TNF-α, IL-8, and osteocalcin production. ED reduced osteoclast generation in bone. The key outcome of the current study is that both hormones influenced BM cell differentiation, with FSH favoring osteoclast formation and ED favoring osteoblast accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila Belenska-Todorova
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Microbiology, Sofia University, Medical Faculty, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ralitsa Zhivkova
- Department of Biology, Medical Faculty, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Maya Markova
- Department of Biology, Medical Faculty, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Nina Ivanovska
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Wu LF, Wang WY, Zhu DC, He P, Zhu K, Gui GP, Gao HQ, Mo XB, Lu X, Deng FY, Lei SF. Protein array test detected three osteoporosis related plasma inflammatory cytokines in Chinese postmenopausal women. Cytokine 2020; 133:155166. [PMID: 32570159 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory cytokines were involved in pathological conditions of osteoporosis (OP). However, the specific OP-associated inflammatory cytokines are still awaiting to be detected by using a systemic method. Herein, we adopted an extreme sampling scheme and examined inflammatory cytokines between subjects with low and high bone mineral density (BMD) through protein microarray. First, 8 candidate cytokines including B lymphocyte chemoattractant (BLC), osteopontin (OPN) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 4 (IGFBP4) were identified in the discovery extreme sampling subgroup. Then, the different expressions for BLC, OPN and IGFBP4 were validated and replicated in two independent extreme sampling subgroups. Further functional experiments showed that the cytokine BLC was involved in bone metabolism by inhibiting bone formation and promoting bone resorption. Together, this study further revealed that inflammatory cytokines were closely related with OP, and that they highlighted critical roles of BLC in the pathogenesis of OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Fei Wu
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Wen-Yu Wang
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China; Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong-Cheng Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Sihong People's Hospital, Suqian, Jiangsu 223900, China
| | - Pei He
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Kan Zhu
- Loujiang Community Health Service Center, Suzhou Gusu District, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guo-Ping Gui
- Disease Prevention and Control Center of Suzhou High Tech Zone, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong-Qin Gao
- Shishan Community Health Service Center, Suzhou High Tech Zone, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xing-Bo Mo
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xin Lu
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Fei-Yan Deng
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Shu-Feng Lei
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
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18
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Consolo U, Bellini P, Melini GM, Ferri A, Lizio G. Analysis of Marsupialization of Mandibular Cysts in Improving the Healing of Related Bone Defects. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 78:1355.e1-1355.e11. [PMID: 32482564 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2020.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Marsupialization, designed to reduce the mandibular cyst volume, has continued to debated regarding its influence on the healing of the related bone cavity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the 3-dimensional radiographic variation over time in mandibular odontogenic cystic lesions after marsupialization and assess the correlations between these variations and variables that can affect the procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS We planned a retrospective cohort study. The predictor variables were the treatment duration, preoperative volume, patient age, histologic type, and number of preoperative residual bony walls. The outcomes variables were the postoperative volume reduction and the daily reduction rate calculated using computed tomography (CT) from before to after marsupialization using software designed for volumetric reconstruction and measurement of cyst-related bone defects. The descriptive and bivariate statistics were computerized, and the significance level was set at P = .05. RESULTS The sample included 15 patients (12 men and 3 women; mean age, 51.6; range, 27 to 85 years) affected by keratocysts (n = 6), dentigerous cysts (n = 6), and radicular cysts (n = 3) who had undergone marsupialization. The median duration of marsupialization was 406 days (25th to 75th percentile, 276 to 519). The mean ± standard deviation (SD) pre- and postdecompression volumes were 6,908.27 ± 2,669.058 and 2,468.13 ± 1,343.517 mm3, respectively (P < 0.001), and the mean ± SD percentage of reduction was 63.90 ± 13.12%. The volume decrease in the bone defects correlated positively with the treatment duration (P = .009) and preoperative volume (P < .001). However, no correlation was found with the other variables (P > .05) nor between the daily reduction rate and other variables (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS Marsupialization appears useful in improving the healing of cyst-related bone defects in mandibles, especially larger defects. Further studies with a wider sample size would add more knowledge to this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Consolo
- Professor, Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry, and Morphological Sciences with Transplant Surgery, Oncology, and Regenerative Medicine Relevance, School of Dentistry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Pierantonio Bellini
- Researcher, Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry, and Morphological Sciences with Transplant Surgery, Oncology, and Regenerative Medicine Relevance, School of Dentistry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Gian Marco Melini
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry, and Morphological Sciences with Transplant Surgery, Oncology, and Regenerative Medicine Relevance, School of Dentistry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Agnese Ferri
- Scholar, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lizio
- Resident, Unit of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Policlinico di Modena Hospital, Modena, Italy; Research Assistant, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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19
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Kızıldağ A, Arabacı T, Albayrak M, Balseven HM, Aksu Kızıldağ C, Tasdemir U. A biochemical and immunohistochemical study of the effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on alveolar bone loss and oxidative stress in diabetic rats with experimental periodontitis. Biotech Histochem 2020; 95:456-463. [PMID: 32013634 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2020.1718756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is used as a therapeutic agent to prevent bone loss. We determined the effects of systemically administered CAPE on alveolar bone loss and oxidative stress in diabetic rats with experimental periodontitis. Forty male rats were divided into four equal groups: control, experimental periodontitis (EP), EP-diabetes mellitus (EP-DM) and EP-DM-CAPE. DM was induced by streptozotocin, then lipopolysaccharide was injected to induce periodontitis. CAPE was administered to the EP-DM-CAPE group daily for 15 days. Then, serum samples were taken and the rats were sacrificed for histological analyses. Serum interleukin (IL-1β) and oxidative stress also were evaluated. Alveolar bone loss was assessed histomorphometrically. Alveolar bone loss and IL-1β levels were significantly less in the EP-DM-CAPE and EP groups compared to the EP-DM group. Oxidative stress was significantly less in the EP-DM-CAPE group compared to the EP and EP-DM groups. Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) levels were significantly higher in the EP-DM group compared to the disease groups. CAPE significantly reduced RANKL levels in the EP-DM-CAPE group compared to the EP-DM group. We found that CAPE treatment significantly inhibited DM induced oxidative stress and RANKL induced osteoclastogenesis and alveolar bone loss in diabetic rats with periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alper Kızıldağ
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Pamukkale University , Denizli, Turkey
| | - Taner Arabacı
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Atatürk University , Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mevlüt Albayrak
- Medical Laboratory Department, Health Services Vocational Training School, Ataturk University , Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Havva Müge Balseven
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Pamukkale University , Denizli, Turkey
| | - Canan Aksu Kızıldağ
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Pamukkale University , Denizli, Turkey
| | - Ufuk Tasdemir
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Pamukkale University , Denizli, Turkey
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20
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Barbe MF, Popoff SN. Occupational Activities: Factors That Tip the Balance From Bone Accrual to Bone Loss. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2020; 48:59-66. [PMID: 32004169 PMCID: PMC7077966 DOI: 10.1249/jes.0000000000000217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bone adaptation to persistent overloading can be counteracted by superimposed inflammatory and loading-induced damage that can tip the balance from bone accrual to loss. Supplemental digital content is available in the text. It is commonly assumed that beneficial adaptations in bone occur with vigorous exercise, yet any adaptive re/modeling in bone undergoing persistent overloading can be counteracted by superimposed inflammatory, compressive, and tensile loading–induced damage responses above thresholds of tissue fatigue failure and repair. This leads to a tenuous balance between achieving bone accrual and loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary F Barbe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
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21
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Hu B, Kong X, Li L, Dai F, Zhang Q, Shi R. Integrative Analyses of Genes Associated With Osteoporosis in CD16+ Monocyte. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:581878. [PMID: 33551990 PMCID: PMC7859337 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.581878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by decreased bone mineral density and abnormal bone quality. Monocytes can secret cytokines for bone resorption, resulting in bone mass loss. However, the mechanism by which monocytes subpopulations lead to osteoporosis remains unclear. The aim of this study was to identify genes associated with osteoporosis in monocytes subsets. METHODS Three microarray datasets including GSE7158 (transcription of low/high-peak bone mass), GSE101489 (transcription of CD16+/CD16- monocyte) and GSE93883 (miRNA expression profile of primary osteoporosis) were derived from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and analyzed with GEO2R tool to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Functional enrichment was analyzed using Metascape database and GSEA software. STRING was utilized for the Protein-Protein Interaction Network construct. The hub genes were screened out using the Cytoscape software. Related miRNAs were predicted in miRWalk, miRDB, and TargetScan databases. RESULTS Total 368 DEGs from GSE7158 were screened out, which were mostly enriched in signaling, positive regulation of biological process and immune system process. The hub genes were clustered into two modules by PPI network analysis. We identified 15 overlapping DGEs between GSE101489 and GSE7158 microarray datasets. Moreover, all of them were up-regulated genes in both datasets. Then, nine key genes were screened out from above 15 overlapping DEGs using Cytoscape software. It is a remarkable fact that the nine genes were all in one hub gene module of GSE7158. Additionally, 183 target miRNAs were predicted according to the above nine DEGs. After cross-verification with miRNA express profile dataset for osteoporosis (GSE93883), 12 DEmiRNAs were selected. Finally, a miRNA-mRNA network was constructed with the nine key genes and 12 miRNAs, which were involved in osteoporosis. CONCLUSION Our analysis results constructed a gene expression framework in monocyte subsets for osteoporosis. This approach could provide a novel insight into osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China
| | - Xiangan Kong
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China
| | - Fang Dai
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qiu Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Ruifeng Shi, ; Qiu Zhang,
| | - Ruifeng Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Ruifeng Shi, ; Qiu Zhang,
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22
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Föger-Samwald U, Dovjak P, Azizi-Semrad U, Kerschan-Schindl K, Pietschmann P. Osteoporosis: Pathophysiology and therapeutic options. EXCLI JOURNAL 2020; 19:1017-1037. [PMID: 32788914 PMCID: PMC7415937 DOI: 10.17179/excli2020-2591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease that, on a cellular level, results from osteoclastic bone resorption not compensated by osteoblastic bone formation. This causes bones to become weak and fragile, thus increasing the risk of fractures. Traditional pathophysiological concepts of osteoporosis focused on endocrine mechanisms such as estrogen or vitamin D deficiency as well as secondary hyperparathyroidism. However, research over the last decades provided exiting new insights into mechanisms contributing to the onset of osteoporosis, which go far beyond this. Selected mechanisms such as interactions between bone and the immune system, the gut microbiome, and cellular senescence are reviewed in this article. Furthermore, an overview on currently available osteoporosis medications including antiresorptive and bone forming drugs is provided and an outlook on potential future treatment options is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Föger-Samwald
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- *To whom correspondence should be addressed: Ursula Föger-Samwald, Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Tel: +43 (1) 40400-56940 or 51270, Fax: +43 (1) 40400-51300, E-mail:
| | - Peter Dovjak
- Department of Acute Geriatrics, Salzkammergut Klinikum Gmunden, Gmunden, Austria
| | - Ursula Azizi-Semrad
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Kerschan-Schindl
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Pietschmann
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Kariya G, Nariyasu T, Yamaguchi M, Nakajima R, Takano M, Yoshida T, Fujita S, Kasai K. ALP activity decreased in compressed PDL cells obtained from severe orthodontically root resorption. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.odw.2007.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Genichiro Kariya
- Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo City, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - Takashi Nariyasu
- Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo City, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - Masaru Yamaguchi
- Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo City, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - Ryo Nakajima
- Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo City, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - Machi Takano
- Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo City, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - Takamasa Yoshida
- Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo City, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - Shouji Fujita
- Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo City, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Kasai
- Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-Nishi, Matsudo City, Chiba 271-8587, Japan
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24
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Caution K, Young N, Robledo-Avila F, Krause K, Abu Khweek A, Hamilton K, Badr A, Vaidya A, Daily K, Gosu H, Anne MNK, Eltobgy M, Dakhlallah D, Argwal S, Estfanous S, Zhang X, Partida-Sanchez S, Gavrilin MA, Jarjour WN, Amer AO. Caspase-11 Mediates Neutrophil Chemotaxis and Extracellular Trap Formation During Acute Gouty Arthritis Through Alteration of Cofilin Phosphorylation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2519. [PMID: 31803174 PMCID: PMC6874099 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gout is characterized by attacks of arthritis with hyperuricemia and monosodium urate (MSU) crystal-induced inflammation within joints. Innate immune responses are the primary drivers for tissue destruction and inflammation in gout. MSU crystals engage the Nlrp3 inflammasome, leading to the activation of caspase-1 and production of IL-1β and IL-18 within gout-affected joints, promoting the influx of neutrophils and monocytes. Here, we show that caspase-11−/− mice and their derived macrophages produce significantly reduced levels of gout-specific cytokines including IL-1β, TNFα, IL-6, and KC, while others like IFNγ and IL-12p70 are not altered. IL-1β induces the expression of caspase-11 in an IL-1 receptor-dependent manner in macrophages contributing to the priming of macrophages during sterile inflammation. The absence of caspase-11 reduced the ability of macrophages and neutrophils to migrate in response to exogenously injected KC in vivo. Notably, in vitro, caspase-11−/− neutrophils displayed random migration in response to a KC gradient when compared to their WT counterparts. This phenotype was associated with altered cofilin phosphorylation. Unlike their wild-type counterparts, caspase-11−/− neutrophils also failed to produce neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) when treated with MSU. Together, this is the first report demonstrating that caspase-11 promotes neutrophil directional trafficking and function in an acute model of gout. Caspase-11 also governs the production of inflammasome-dependent and -independent cytokines from macrophages. Our results offer new, previously unrecognized functions for caspase-11 in macrophages and neutrophils that may apply to other neutrophil-mediated disease conditions besides gout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Caution
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Nicholas Young
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Frank Robledo-Avila
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Kathrin Krause
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Arwa Abu Khweek
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Birzeit University, West Bank, Palestine
| | - Kaitlin Hamilton
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Asmaa Badr
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Anup Vaidya
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Kylene Daily
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Hawin Gosu
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Midhun N K Anne
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Mostafa Eltobgy
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Duaa Dakhlallah
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Sudha Argwal
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Shady Estfanous
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | | | - Mikhail A Gavrilin
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Wael N Jarjour
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Amal O Amer
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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25
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Fawzy El-Sayed KM, Elsalawy R, Ibrahim N, Gadalla M, Albargasy H, Zahra N, Mokhtar S, El Nahhas N, El Kaliouby Y, Dörfer CE. The Dental Pulp Stem/Progenitor Cells-Mediated Inflammatory-Regenerative Axis. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2019; 25:445-460. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2019.0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karim M. Fawzy El-Sayed
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Nehal Zahra
- Faculty of Dentistry, New Giza University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | | | | | - Christof E. Dörfer
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
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Fawzy El-Sayed KM, Elahmady M, Adawi Z, Aboushadi N, Elnaggar A, Eid M, Hamdy N, Sanaa D, Dörfer CE. The periodontal stem/progenitor cell inflammatory-regenerative cross talk: A new perspective. J Periodontal Res 2019; 54:81-94. [PMID: 30295324 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Adult multipotent stem/progenitor cells, with remarkable regenerative potential, have been isolated from various components of the human periodontium. These multipotent stem/progenitor cells include the periodontal ligament stem/progenitor cells (PDLSCs), stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAP), the gingival mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (G-MSCs), and the alveolar bone proper stem/progenitor cells (AB-MSCs). Whereas inflammation is regarded as the reason for tissue damage, it also remains a fundamental step of any early healing process. In performing their periodontal tissue regenerative/reparative activity, periodontal stem/progenitor cells interact with their surrounding inflammatory micro-environmental, through their expressed receptors, which could influence their fate and the outcome of any periodontal stem/progenitor cell-mediated reparative/regenerative activity. The present review discusses the current understanding about the interaction of periodontal stem/progenitor cells with their surrounding inflammatory micro-environment, elaborates on the inflammatory factors influencing their stemness, proliferation, migration/homing, differentiation, and immunomodulatory attributes, the possible underlying intracellular mechanisms, as well as their proposed relationship to the canonical and noncanonical Wnt pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim M Fawzy El-Sayed
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Zeina Adawi
- Faculty of Dentistry, New Giza University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Ali Elnaggar
- Faculty of Dentistry, New Giza University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Maryam Eid
- Faculty of Dentistry, New Giza University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nayera Hamdy
- Faculty of Dentistry, New Giza University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Dalia Sanaa
- Faculty of Dentistry, New Giza University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Christof E Dörfer
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
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Abstract
PURPOSE Recently, the terms sugosteogenesis and distraction sugosteogenesis have been introduced to the scientific literature. While the former describes a biologic phenomenon, the latter refers to the clinical technique which relies on the accelerated normal bone healing process that takes place at the osseous walls surrounding a cystic cavity when active negative pressure is applied. The purpose of this study is to provide the biologic bases and the therapeutic principles of this emerging technique. Employing well-stablished biologic principles, clinical evidence from analogous techniques, emerging experimental data, and circumstantial evidence, this study presents the possible mechanism of action of the evacuator for odontogenic cysts (Evocyst), a closed, vacuum-like drain system intended to treat cystic conditions using negative pressure. METHODS A review of the literature was done. Keywords for the Medline search were: marsupialization, decompression, odontogenic cysts, effects of negative pressure on bone, and negative pressure wound therapy. In addition, relevant publications from the reference list of the retrieved studies were considered. The matches were evaluated for relevance and analyzed accordingly. Clinical reports used to illustrate the concept of distraction sugosteogenesis were performed following the Declaration of Helsinki on medical protocol and ethics. RESULTS Currently, the standard of care to manage odontogenic cystic lesions includes marsupialization, enucleation and curettage, decompression, and surgical resection. However, there is a need for an alternative option in which the entity could be treated while promoting bone formation. With large odontogenic cystic conditions treated in a short period of time, distraction sugosteogenesis appears to be a choice. CONCLUSION The application of negative pressure to osseous cells produces a stretching that creates mechanical cues that trigger signaling pathways, promotes fluid flow, and enhances angiogenesis. All of them, combined, may explain sugosteogenesis. The clinical application of such parameters may explain the good clinical results obtained with the Evocyst.
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Metzger CE, Narayanan SA. The Role of Osteocytes in Inflammatory Bone Loss. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:285. [PMID: 31139147 PMCID: PMC6527760 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoimmunology investigations to-date have demonstrated the significant interactions between bone surface cells, osteoclasts and osteoblasts, and immune cells. However, there is a paucity of knowledge on osteocytes, cells embedded in the bone matrix, and their role in inflammation and inflammatory bone loss. Osteocytes communicate through various mechanisms; directly via dendritic processes and through secretion of proteins that can influence the formation and activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Some osteocyte proteins (e.g., interleukin-6 and RANKL) also have roles within the immune system. In the context of mechanical loading/unloading, the regulatory role of osteocytes is well understood. More recent data on osteocytes in various inflammatory models suggest they may also aid in orchestrating inflammation-induced changes in bone turnover. In inflammatory conditions, osteocytes express multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines which are associated with increases in bone resorption and declines in bone formation. Cytokines are known to also influence cell population growth, maturation, and responsiveness via various signaling modalities, but how they influence osteocytes has not been greatly explored. Furthermore, osteocytes may play regulatory roles in orchestrating bone's response to immunological changes in inflammatory conditions. This review will address what is known about osteocyte biology in physiological conditions and in response to varying immunological conditions, as well as highlight key areas of interest for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne E. Metzger
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Corinne E. Metzger
| | - S. Anand Narayanan
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, United States
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Dalla Via J, Duckham RL, Peake JM, Kukuljan S, Nowson CA, Daly RM. Circulating Levels of Inflammation and the Effect on Exercise-Related Changes in Bone Mass, Structure and Strength in Middle-Aged and Older Men. Calcif Tissue Int 2019; 104:50-58. [PMID: 30209527 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-018-0475-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Chronic, low-grade systematic inflammation has been associated with bone loss and increased fracture risk. We previously reported that exercise improved femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD), geometry and strength and lumbar spine trabecular BMD in middle-aged and older men, but had no effect on markers of inflammation. The aim of this study was to examine the association between basal inflammatory status and the adaptive skeletal responses to exercise. Secondary analysis was completed on 91 men aged 50-79 years who participated in an 18-month program of progressive resistance training plus weight-bearing impact exercise (3 day/week) with and without additional calcium-vitamin D3. Markers of inflammation (serum hs-CRP, TNF-α and IL-6) and DXA and QCT-derived BMD, bone structure and strength at the lumbar spine and proximal femur were measured at baseline and 18 months. Multiple regression was used to assess associations between skeletal changes and both baseline levels of individual inflammatory markers and a composite inflammatory index derived from the number of markers categorized into the highest tertile. Baseline serum hs-CRP, TNFα and IL-6 and the composite inflammatory index score were not associated with skeletal changes at any site after adjusting for age, change in lean mass, disease(s)/medication use and adherence to the exercise intervention. In conclusion, this study indicates that basal inflammatory status does not influence the osteogenic response to exercise training in healthy middle-aged and older men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Dalla Via
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Geelong, Melbourne, VIC, 3215, Australia
| | - Rachel L Duckham
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Geelong, Melbourne, VIC, 3215, Australia
- Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St. Albans, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jonathan M Peake
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sonja Kukuljan
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Geelong, Melbourne, VIC, 3215, Australia
| | - Caryl A Nowson
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Geelong, Melbourne, VIC, 3215, Australia
| | - Robin M Daly
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Geelong, Melbourne, VIC, 3215, Australia.
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Jenei-Lanzl Z, Meurer A, Zaucke F. Interleukin-1β signaling in osteoarthritis - chondrocytes in focus. Cell Signal 2018; 53:212-223. [PMID: 30312659 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) can be regarded as a chronic, painful and degenerative disease that affects all tissues of a joint and one of the major endpoints being loss of articular cartilage. In most cases, OA is associated with a variable degree of synovial inflammation. A variety of different cell types including chondrocytes, synovial fibroblasts, adipocytes, osteoblasts and osteoclasts as well as stem and immune cells are involved in catabolic and inflammatory processes but also in attempts to counteract the cartilage loss. At the molecular level, these changes are regulated by a complex network of proteolytic enzymes, chemokines and cytokines (for review: [1]). Here, interleukin-1 signaling (IL-1) plays a central role and its effects on the different cell types involved in OA are discussed in this review with a special focus on the chondrocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsa Jenei-Lanzl
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopaedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Andrea Meurer
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopaedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Frank Zaucke
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopaedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
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Nowrin SA, Jaafar S, Ab Rahman N, Basri R, Alam MK, Shahid F. Association between genetic polymorphisms and external apical root resorption: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Korean J Orthod 2018; 48:395-404. [PMID: 30450332 PMCID: PMC6234115 DOI: 10.4041/kjod.2018.48.6.395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To date, only a few studies have investigated the relationships between genetic polymorphisms and external apical root resorption (EARR). Hence, the aim of this systematic review was to explore the relationship between different gene polymorphisms and their association with EARR. Methods A complete literature search was conducted by two independent reviewers. The PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus databases were searched. In addition, the bibliographies of all textbooks and relevant articles were searched manually. A meta-analysis was performed using data entered into the electronic databases until February 28, 2017. Results On the basis of the search, we identified 17 and 7 publications for the systematic review and meta-analysis, respectively. Odds ratio (OR) was used to evaluate the association of the interleukin 1B (+3954) polymorphism and the risk of EARR. The overall OR from the studies was used to estimate the risk of EARR. However, no association was found and no publication bias was apparent for the risk of EARR in patients receiving orthodontic treatment. Conclusions More research on the relationship between gene polymorphism and EARR is necessary to determine better specificity of possible interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifat A Nowrin
- Orthodontic Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Saidi Jaafar
- Craniofacial Biology Research Group, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Norma Ab Rahman
- Orthodontic Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Rehana Basri
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Al Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Fazal Shahid
- Orthodontic Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Brandt SL, Putnam NE, Cassat JE, Serezani CH. Innate Immunity to Staphylococcus aureus: Evolving Paradigms in Soft Tissue and Invasive Infections. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2018; 200:3871-3880. [PMID: 29866769 PMCID: PMC6028009 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus causes a wide range of diseases that together embody a significant public health burden. Aided by metabolic flexibility and a large virulence repertoire, S. aureus has the remarkable ability to hematogenously disseminate and infect various tissues, including skin, lung, heart, and bone, among others. The hallmark lesions of invasive staphylococcal infections, abscesses, simultaneously denote the powerful innate immune responses to tissue invasion as well as the ability of staphylococci to persist within these lesions. In this article, we review the innate immune responses to S. aureus during infection of skin and bone, which serve as paradigms for soft tissue and bone disease, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Brandt
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Nicole E Putnam
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - James E Cassat
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232;
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232; and
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - C Henrique Serezani
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232;
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
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Ripamonti C, Fulfaro F, Ticozzi C, Casuccio A, De Conno F. Role of Pamidronate Disodium in the Treatment of Metastatic Bone Disease. TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 84:442-55. [PMID: 9824995 DOI: 10.1177/030089169808400403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Aims and Background Bone metastases are a common feature of advanced neoplastic disease and are considered to be among the most frequent causes of pain and complications in oncologic patients. The main objective of the treatment of such patients is to control their symptoms and improve their quality of life. Pamidronate disodium is a second-generation bisphosphonate capable of inhibiting bone resorption (particularly osteoclast activity) without affecting bone reminerali-zation. After a brief introduction concerning the pathophysiology of bone metastases and neoplastic bone pain, we herein present data on the clinical pharmacology and toxicity of bisphosphonates in general, and pamidronate in particular. We conclude by reviewing the literature on the use of pamidronate in phase II and III trials involving patients with metastatic bone disease. Methods The paper is based on a review of articles published between 1984 and 1997 selected from the Cancerline and Medline databases. Results In the considered phase II and III studies involving patients with bone metastases (breast cancer and multiple myeloma in particular), pamidronate proved to be efficacious in reducing the incidence of pain and skeletal complications, decreasing the excretion of metabolic markers of bone resorption and improving the quality of life. Intravenous infusions of 60-90 mg over a period of 2 hr every 3-4 weeks did not cause any significant toxic effects and was easily managed. Conclusions Pamidronate is a bisphosphonate that is efficacious in the treatment of symptomatic bone metastases and can be considered an important therapeutic option in association with systemic treatments, radiotherapy and normal supportive care, especially in patients with breast cancer and multiple myeloma. Further randomized studies are necessary to confirm the positive preliminary results in other neoplasms, analyze the cost/benefit ratio of the treatment, and verify the possibility that, in addition to being used for palliative purposes, pamidronate may also prevent or delay the appearance of bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ripamonti
- Pain Therapy and Palliative Care Division, National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy.
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Matrix metalloproteinase-13: A special focus on its regulation by signaling cascades and microRNAs in bone. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 109:338-349. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.12.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Jiao Z, Xu W, Zheng J, Shen P, Qin A, Zhang S, Yang C. Kaempferide Prevents Titanium Particle Induced Osteolysis by Suppressing JNK Activation during Osteoclast Formation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16665. [PMID: 29192233 PMCID: PMC5709360 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16853-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Kaempferide (KF) is an O-methylated flavonol, a natural plant extract, which is often found in Kaempferia galanga. It has a variety of effects including anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial and anti-viral properties. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether KF effectively inhibits titanium particle induced calvarial bone loss via down regulation of the JNK signaling pathway. In the mice with titanium particle induced calvarial osteolysis, the Low dose of KF mildly reduced the resorption pits while in the high dose group, fewer scattered pits were observed on the surface of calvarium. Histological examination showed fewer osteoclasts formation in the KF group. In mouse bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) and RAW264.7 cells, KF significantly inhibited the osteoclast formation and bone resorption at 12.5 μM. However, KF does not affect the mature osteoclast F-actin ring formation. But when being co-treated with KF and anisomycin, BMMs differentiated into mature osteoclasts. At the molecular levels, the JNK phosphorylation was inhibited and the osteoclastogenesis-related specific gene expression including V-ATPase d2, TRAP, calcitonin receptor (CTR), c-Fos and NFATc1 was markedly suppressed. In conclusion, these results indicated that KF is a promising agent in the treatment of osteoclast-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixian Jiao
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Weifeng Xu
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jisi Zheng
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Pei Shen
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - An Qin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implant, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Shanyong Zhang
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Chi Yang
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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Kaur A, Kharbanda OP, Kapoor P, Kalyanasundaram D. A review of biomarkers in peri-miniscrew implant crevicular fluid (PMICF). Prog Orthod 2017; 18:42. [PMID: 29177754 PMCID: PMC5702602 DOI: 10.1186/s40510-017-0195-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The temporary anchorage devices (TADs) which include miniscrew implants (MSIs) have evolved as useful armamentarium in the management of severe malocclusions and assist in complex tooth movements. Although a multitude of factors is responsible for the primary and secondary stability of miniscrew implants, contemporary research highlights the importance of biological interface of MSI with bone and soft tissue in augmenting the success of implants. The inflammation and remodeling associated with MSI insertion or loading are reflected through biomarkers in peri-miniscrew implant crevicular fluid (PMICF) which is analogous to the gingival crevicular fluid. Analysis of biomarkers in PMICF provides indicators of inflammation at the implant site, osteoclast differentiation and activation, bone resorption activity and bone turnover. The PMICF for assessment of these biomarkers can be collected non-invasively via paper strips, periopaper or micro capillary pipettes and analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or immunoassays. The markers and mediators of inflammation have been previously studied in relation to orthodontic tooth movement include interleukins (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-8), growth factors and other proteins like tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), chondroitin sulphate (CS) and osteoprotegerin (OPG). Studies have indicated that successful and failed MSIs have different concentrations of biomarkers in PMICF. However, there is a lack of comprehensive information on this aspect of MSIs. Therefore, a detailed review was conducted on the subject. Results A literature search revealed six relevant studies: two on IL-1β; one on IL-2, IL-6 and IL-8; one on TNF-α; one on CS; and one on RANKL/OPG ratio. One study showed an increase in IL-1β levels upon MSI loading, peak in 24 hours (h), followed by a decrease in 21 days to reach baseline in 300 days. A 6.87% decrease in IL-2 levels was seen before loading and a 5.97% increase post-loading. IL-8 showed a 6.31% increase after loading and IL-6 increased by 3.08% before MSI loading and 15.06% after loading. RANKL/OPG ratio increased in loaded compared to unloaded MSIs. Conclusions Cytokines (mainly ILs and TNF-α) and RANKL/OPG ratio showed alteration in PMICF levels upon loading of MSIs as direct or indirect anchorage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Kaur
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Om P Kharbanda
- Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Priyanka Kapoor
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Dinesh Kalyanasundaram
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
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Okamoto K, Nakashima T, Shinohara M, Negishi-Koga T, Komatsu N, Terashima A, Sawa S, Nitta T, Takayanagi H. Osteoimmunology: The Conceptual Framework Unifying the Immune and Skeletal Systems. Physiol Rev 2017; 97:1295-1349. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00036.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune and skeletal systems share a variety of molecules, including cytokines, chemokines, hormones, receptors, and transcription factors. Bone cells interact with immune cells under physiological and pathological conditions. Osteoimmunology was created as a new interdisciplinary field in large part to highlight the shared molecules and reciprocal interactions between the two systems in both heath and disease. Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) plays an essential role not only in the development of immune organs and bones, but also in autoimmune diseases affecting bone, thus effectively comprising the molecule that links the two systems. Here we review the function, gene regulation, and signal transduction of osteoimmune molecules, including RANKL, in the context of osteoclastogenesis as well as multiple other regulatory functions. Osteoimmunology has become indispensable for understanding the pathogenesis of a number of diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We review the various osteoimmune pathologies, including the bone destruction in RA, in which pathogenic helper T cell subsets [such as IL-17-expressing helper T (Th17) cells] induce bone erosion through aberrant RANKL expression. We also focus on cellular interactions and the identification of the communication factors in the bone marrow, discussing the contribution of bone cells to the maintenance and regulation of hematopoietic stem and progenitors cells. Thus the time has come for a basic reappraisal of the framework for understanding both the immune and bone systems. The concept of a unified osteoimmune system will be absolutely indispensable for basic and translational approaches to diseases related to bone and/or the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Okamoto
- Department of Osteoimmunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Tokyo, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoki Nakashima
- Department of Osteoimmunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Tokyo, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shinohara
- Department of Osteoimmunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Tokyo, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takako Negishi-Koga
- Department of Osteoimmunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Tokyo, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Komatsu
- Department of Osteoimmunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Tokyo, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asuka Terashima
- Department of Osteoimmunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Tokyo, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Sawa
- Department of Osteoimmunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Tokyo, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nitta
- Department of Osteoimmunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Tokyo, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takayanagi
- Department of Osteoimmunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Tokyo, Japan; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Tokyo, Japan
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Yokose C, Chen M, Berhanu A, Pillinger MH, Krasnokutsky S. Gout and Osteoarthritis: Associations, Pathophysiology, and Therapeutic Implications. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2017; 18:65. [PMID: 27686950 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-016-0613-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), the most common type of arthritis worldwide, is a degenerative disease of diarthrodial joints resulting in pain, reduced quality of life, and socioeconomic burden. Gout, the most common form of inflammatory arthritis, is a consequence of persistently elevated levels of urate and the formation of proinflammatory monosodium urate crystals in joints. Clinicians have long noted a predilection for both diseases to occur in the same joints. In this review, we provide an overview into research elucidating possible biochemical, mechanical, and immunological relationships between gout and OA. We additionally consider the potential implications of these relationships for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chio Yokose
- From the Crystal Disease Study Group, Division of Rheumatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Meng Chen
- From the Crystal Disease Study Group, Division of Rheumatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Adey Berhanu
- From the Crystal Disease Study Group, Division of Rheumatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Michael H Pillinger
- From the Crystal Disease Study Group, Division of Rheumatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Svetlana Krasnokutsky
- From the Crystal Disease Study Group, Division of Rheumatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA. .,NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases, 301 East 17th Street, Suite 1410, New York, NY, 10003, USA.
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Lee S, Seo DH, Kim KM, Lee EY, Kim HC, Kim CO, Youm Y, Rhee Y. Contingent association between the size of the social support network and osteoporosis among Korean elderly women. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180017. [PMID: 28700637 PMCID: PMC5507492 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between the number of personal ties (or the size of the social support network) and the incidence of osteoporosis among older women in Korea. METHODS Data from the Korean Urban Rural Elderly Study were used. Bone density was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the lumbar spine (L1-L4) and femur neck. T-score, the standardized bone density compared with what is normally expected in a healthy young adult, was measured and the presence of osteoporosis was determined, if the T-score was < -2.5. The social support network size was measured by self-responses (number of confidants and spouse). RESULTS Of the 1,846 participants, 44.9% were diagnosed with osteoporosis. The association between the social support network size and the incidence of osteoporosis was curvilinear in both bivariate and multivariate analyses. Having more people in one's social support network size was associated with lower risk of osteoporosis until it reached around four. Increasing the social support network size beyond four, in contrast, was associated with a higher risk of osteoporosis. This association was contingent on the average intimacy level of the social network. At the highest average intimacy level ("extremely close"), increasing the number of social support network members from one to six was associated with linear decrease in the predicted probability of osteoporosis from 45% to 30%. However, at the lowest average intimacy level ("not very close"), the predicted probability of osteoporosis dramatically increased from 48% to 80% as the size of the social network increased from one to six. CONCLUSION Our results show that maintaining a large and intimate social support network is associated with a lower risk of osteoporosis among elderly Korean women, while a large but less-intimate social relationship is associated with a higher risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungwon Lee
- Department of Sociology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Da Hea Seo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Eun Young Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Chang Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang Oh Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoosik Youm
- Department of Sociology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yumie Rhee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Abstract
Bone is in a constant state of remodeling, a process which was once attributed solely to osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Decades of research has identified many other populations of cells in the bone that participate and mediate skeletal homeostasis. Recently, osteal macrophages emerged as vital participants in skeletal remodeling and osseous repair. The exact mechanistic roles of these tissue-resident macrophages are currently under investigation. Macrophages are highly plastic in response to their micro-environment and are typically classified as being pro- or anti-inflammatory (pro-resolving) in nature. Given that inflammatory states result in decreased bone mass, proinflammatory macrophages may be negative regulators of bone turnover. Pro-resolving macrophages have been shown to release anabolic factors and may present a target for therapeutic intervention in inflammation-induced bone loss and fracture healing. The process of apoptotic cell clearance, termed efferocytosis, is mediated by pro-resolving macrophages and may contribute to steady-state bone turnover as well as fracture healing and anabolic effects of osteoporosis therapies. Parathyroid hormone is an anabolic agent in bone that is more effective in the presence of mature phagocytic macrophages, further supporting the hypothesis that efferocytic macrophages are positive contributors to bone turnover. Therapies which alter macrophage plasticity in tissues other than bone should be explored for their potential to treat bone loss either alone or in conjunction with current bone therapeutics. A better understanding of the exact mechanisms by which macrophages mediate bone homeostasis will lead to an expansion of pharmacologic targets for the treatment of osteoporosis and inflammation-induced bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan N Michalski
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Laurie K McCauley
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
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Dayer JM, Oliviero F, Punzi L. A Brief History of IL-1 and IL-1 Ra in Rheumatology. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:293. [PMID: 28588495 PMCID: PMC5440542 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The history of what, in 1979, was called interleukin-1 (IL-1), orchestrator of leukocyte inter-communication, began many years before then, initially by the observation of fever induction via the endogenous pyrogen (EP) (1974) and then in rheumatology on the role in tissue destruction in rheumatoid diseases via the induction of collagenase and PGE2 in human synovial cells by a mononuclear cell factor (MCF) (1977). Since then, the family has exploded to presently 11 members as well as many membrane-bound and soluble receptor forms. The discovery of a natural Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) in human biological fluids has highlighted the importance of IL-1 and IL-1Ra in human diseases. Evidence delineating its role in autoinflammatory syndromes and the elucidation of the macromolecular complex referred to as "inflammasome" have been instrumental to our understanding of the link with IL-1. At present, the IL-1blockade as therapeutic approach is crucial for many hereditary autoinflammatory diseases, as well as for adult-onset Still's disease, crystal-induced arthropathies, certain skin diseases including neutrophil-triggered skin diseases, Behçet's disease and deficiency of IL-1Ra and other rare fever syndromes. Its role is only marginally important in rheumatoid arthritis and is still under debate with regard to osteoarthritis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. This brief historical review focuses on some aspects of IL-1, mainly IL-1β and IL-Ra, in rheumatology. There are many excellent reviews focusing on the IL-1 family in general or with regard to specific diseases or biological discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Leonardo Punzi
- Department of Medicine, University of PadovaPadova, Italy
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Interleukin-1β as emerging therapeutic target in hematological malignancies and potentially in their complications. Blood Rev 2017; 31:306-317. [PMID: 28495184 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a pleiotropic cytokine that exerts multiple roles in both physiological and pathological conditions. It is produced by different cell subsets, and drives a wide range of inflammatory responses in numerous target cells. Enhanced IL-1β signaling is a common event in patients of hematological malignancies. Recent body of evidence obtained in preclinical models shows the pathogenic role of these alterations, and the promising therapeutic value of IL-1 targeting. In this review, we further highlight a potential contribution of IL-1β linking to complications and autoimmune disease that should be investigated in future studies. Hence, drugs that target IL-1 may be helpful to improve outcome or reduce morbidity in patients. Some of them are FDA-approved, and used efficiently against autoimmune diseases, like IL-1 receptor antagonist. In the clinic, however, this agent seems to have limited properties. Current improved drugs will allow to determine the true potential of IL-1 and IL-1β targeting as therapy in hematological malignancies and their related complications.
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Role of oral microbiome on oral cancers, a review. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:552-558. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.09.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Lee SY, Nho TH, Choi BD, Jeong SJ, Lim DS, Jeong MJ. Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor reduces inflammation and alveolar bone resorption in LPS-induced periodontitis in rats and in MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2016.1250817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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45
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Montenegro Raudales JL, Yoshimura A, SM Z, Kaneko T, Ozaki Y, Ukai T, Miyazaki T, Latz E, Hara Y. Dental Calculus Stimulates Interleukin-1β Secretion by Activating NLRP3 Inflammasome in Human and Mouse Phagocytes. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162865. [PMID: 27632566 PMCID: PMC5025015 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental calculus is a mineralized deposit associated with periodontitis. The bacterial components contained in dental calculus can be recognized by host immune sensors, such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), and induce transcription of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β. Studies have shown that cellular uptake of crystalline particles may trigger NLRP3 inflammasome activation, leading to the cleavage of the IL-1β precursor to its mature form. Phagocytosis of dental calculus in the periodontal pocket may therefore lead to the secretion of IL-1β, promoting inflammatory responses in periodontal tissues. However, the capacity of dental calculus to induce IL-1β secretion in human phagocytes has not been explored. To study this, we stimulated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with dental calculus collected from periodontitis patients, and measured IL-1β secretion by ELISA. We found that calculus induced IL-1β secretion in both human PMNs and PBMCs. Calculus also induced IL-1β in macrophages from wild-type mice, but not in macrophages from NLRP3- and ASC-deficient mice, indicating the involvement of NLRP3 and ASC. IL-1β induction was inhibited by polymyxin B, suggesting that LPS is one of the components of calculus that induces pro-IL-1β transcription. To analyze the effect of the inorganic structure, we baked calculus at 250°C for 1 h. This baked calculus failed to induce pro-IL-1β transcription. However, it did induce IL-1β secretion in lipid A-primed cells, indicating that the crystalline structure of calculus induces inflammasome activation. Furthermore, hydroxyapatite crystals, a component of dental calculus, induced IL-1β in mouse macrophages, and baked calculus induced IL-1β in lipid A-primed human PMNs and PBMCs. These results indicate that dental calculus stimulates IL-1β secretion via NLRP3 inflammasome in human and mouse phagocytes, and that the crystalline structure has a partial role in the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Atsutoshi Yoshimura
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Ziauddin SM
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takashi Kaneko
- Center for Oral Diseases, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yukio Ozaki
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takashi Ukai
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Miyazaki
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Eicke Latz
- University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Yoshitaka Hara
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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Peck SH, Casal ML, Malhotra NR, Ficicioglu C, Smith LJ. Pathogenesis and treatment of spine disease in the mucopolysaccharidoses. Mol Genet Metab 2016; 118:232-43. [PMID: 27296532 PMCID: PMC4970936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a family of lysosomal storage disorders characterized by deficient activity of enzymes that degrade glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Skeletal disease is common in MPS patients, with the severity varying both within and between subtypes. Within the spectrum of skeletal disease, spinal manifestations are particularly prevalent. Developmental and degenerative abnormalities affecting the substructures of the spine can result in compression of the spinal cord and associated neural elements. Resulting neurological complications, including pain and paralysis, significantly reduce patient quality of life and life expectancy. Systemic therapies for MPS, such as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and enzyme replacement therapy, have shown limited efficacy for improving spinal manifestations in patients and animal models. Therefore, there is a pressing need for new therapeutic approaches that specifically target this debilitating aspect of the disease. In this review, we examine how pathological abnormalities affecting the key substructures of the spine - the discs, vertebrae, odontoid process and dura - contribute to the progression of spinal deformity and symptomatic compression of neural elements. Specifically, we review current understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of spine disease in MPS, how the tissues of the spine respond to current clinical and experimental treatments, and discuss future strategies for improving the efficacy of these treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun H Peck
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Margret L Casal
- Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Neil R Malhotra
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Can Ficicioglu
- Division of Human Genetics and Metabolism, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Lachlan J Smith
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States.
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47
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Guo C, Yang XG, Wang F, Ma XY. IL-1α induces apoptosis and inhibits the osteoblast differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells through the JNK and p38 MAPK pathways. Int J Mol Med 2016; 38:319-27. [PMID: 27220839 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-1 is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays important roles in inflammation and host responses to infection. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of IL-1α on the apoptosis and differentiation of osteoblasts, and to elucidate the mechanism responsible for these effects in the osteoblast‑like cell line MC3T3-E1. The MC3T3-E1 cells were non-treated or treated with IL-1α. Following treatment, cell viability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and caspase-3 activity were evaluated. The expression of osteoblast-specific genes as well as Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase-3 were determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The protein levels of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3 and the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs, also known as MAP kinases) were evaluated using western blot analysis. The MAPK signaling pathway was blocked by pre-treatment with MAPK inhibitors SB203580, PD98059 and SP600125. IL-1α treatment induced a significant decrease in cell viability and ALP activity in the MC3T3-E1 cells. IL-1α also significantly decreased the mRNA expression and protein levels of osteoblast-related genes in the MC3T3-E1 cells. On the other hand, IL-1α significantly upregulated the mRNA expression and protein levels of Bax and caspase-3 as well as caspase-3 activity, whereas Bcl-2 expression was decreased in the MC3T3-E1 cells. Furthermore, IL-1α activated the apoptotic signaling pathway by increasing the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38-MAPK, whereas it inhibited the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). Moreover, pre-treatment with MAPK inhibitors attenuated the phosphorylation of JNK, p38 and Bax expression enhanced by IL-1α. However, MAPK inhibitors markedly increased the protein expression of osteoblast-related genes and Bcl-xL in the MC3T3-E1 cells downregulated by IL-1α. Taken together, these findings suggest that IL-1α induces the apoptosis of osteoblasts and inhibits osteoblast differentiation by activating the JNK and the p38 MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Guo
- Department of Medicine, Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan 462002, P.R. China
| | - Xu-Guang Yang
- Department of Medicine, Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan 462002, P.R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Medicine, Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan 462002, P.R. China
| | - Xu-Yuan Ma
- Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475000, P.R. China
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Phipps MC, Huang Y, Yamaguchi R, Kamiya N, Adapala NS, Tang L, Kim HKW. In vivo monitoring of activated macrophages and neutrophils in response to ischemic osteonecrosis in a mouse model. J Orthop Res 2016; 34:307-13. [PMID: 26016440 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic osteonecrosis (IO) is caused by disruption of the blood supply to bone. It is a debilitating condition with pathological healing characterized by excessive bone resorption and delayed osteogenesis. Although the majority of research has focused on the role of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in the disease progression, we hypothesize that innate immune cells, macrophages and neutrophils, play a significant role. With the recent development of real-time imaging probes for neutrophils and macrophages, the purpose of this study was to investigate the kinetic immune cell response in a mouse model of IO. Our results show that induction of IO leads to a significant accumulation of activated neutrophils and macrophages at the affected tissue by 48 h after surgery. Additionally, the accumulation of these immune cells remained elevated in comparison to sham controls for up to 6 weeks, indicative of chronic inflammation. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the immune cell infiltration into the necrotic bone marrow and the increased presence of TNFα-positive cells, demonstrating, for the first time, a direct response of these cells to ischemia induced necrotic bone. These new findings support a hypothesis that IO is an osteoimmunologic condition where innate immune cells play a significant role in the chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Phipps
- Center for Excellence in Hip Disorders, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Welborn Street, Dallas, Texas, 75219
| | - YiHui Huang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, 76019
| | - Ryosuke Yamaguchi
- Center for Excellence in Hip Disorders, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Welborn Street, Dallas, Texas, 75219
| | - Nobuhiro Kamiya
- Center for Excellence in Hip Disorders, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Welborn Street, Dallas, Texas, 75219.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, 75390
| | - Naga S Adapala
- Center for Excellence in Hip Disorders, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Welborn Street, Dallas, Texas, 75219.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, 75390
| | - Liping Tang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, 76019.,Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Harry K W Kim
- Center for Excellence in Hip Disorders, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Welborn Street, Dallas, Texas, 75219.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, 75390
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Effect of Short-Term Stimulation with Interleukin-1β and Differentiation Medium on Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Paracrine Activity in Coculture with Osteoblasts. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:714230. [PMID: 26798640 PMCID: PMC4700155 DOI: 10.1155/2015/714230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Introduction. Human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) exhibit the potential to accelerate bone healing by enhanced osteogenic differentiation. Interleukin-1β is highly expressed during fracture healing and has been demonstrated to exert a significant impact on the differentiation behaviour of hMSCs. Here, we investigate the effect of 2-hour IL-1β stimulation on the differentiation and paracrine activity of hMSCs in coculture with osteosarcoma cells in vitro. Methods. hMSCs from 3 donors were incubated for 2 hours with 10 ng/mL IL-1β and subsequently cocultured with MG63-GFP cells either in control or in differentiation medium in a transwell system for 28 days. Genetic and functional effects were investigated. Results. hMSCs cultured in control medium exhibited a regulatory effect on cocultured MG63-GFP cells, resulting in upregulation of osteogenic gene expression in combination with increased ALP activity. However, while stimulated hMSCs cultured under differentiation conditions exhibit signs of osteogenic differentiation, osteogenic differentiation also caused an impaired regulatory effect on the cocultured MG63-GFP cells. Conclusion. Short stimulation of hMSCs has the potential to modify their long-term behaviour. In addition, undifferentiated hMSCs are able to regulate osteoblast differentiation; however, this regulatory function is lost upon osteogenic differentiation in vitro. This offers a novel approach for clinical cell therapy protocols.
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50
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Schett G, Dayer JM, Manger B. Interleukin-1 function and role in rheumatic disease. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2015; 12:14-24. [DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2016.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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