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Santos LC, dos Anjos Cordeiro JM, Cunha MCDSG, Santos BR, de Oliveira LS, da Silva AL, Barbosa EM, Niella RV, de Freitas GJC, Santos DDA, Serakides R, Ocarino NDM, Borges SC, de Lavor MSL, Silva JF. Kisspeptin-10 Improves Testicular Redox Status but Does Not Alter the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) That Is Downregulated by Hypothyroidism in a Rat Model. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1514. [PMID: 38338793 PMCID: PMC10855899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypothyroidism compromises the testicular redox status and is associated with reduced sperm quality and infertility in men. In this regard, studies have demonstrated the antioxidant potential of kisspeptin in reproductive and metabolic diseases. In this study, we evaluate the effects of kisspeptin-10 (Kp10) on the testicular redox, as well as mediators of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in adult rats with hypothyroidism. Adult male Wistar rats were randomly separated into the Control (n = 15), Hypo (n = 13) and Hypo + Kp10 (n = 14) groups, and hypothyroidism was induced with 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) for three months. In the last month, half of the hypothyroid animals received Kp10. Testis samples were collected for enzymatic, immunohistochemical and/or gene evaluation of mediators of oxidative stress (TBARs, lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), ROS, peroxynitrite, SOD, CAT and GPX), endoplasmic reticulum stress (GRP78, ATF6, PERK, CHOP, HO-1 and sXBP1) and antiapoptocytes (BCL-2). Hypothyroidism increased apoptosis index, TBARS and LOOH concentrations, and reduced testicular gene expression of Sod1, Sod2 and Gpx1, as well as the expression of Grp78, Atf6, Ho1 and Chop. Treatment with Kp10, in turn, reduced testicular apoptosis and the production of peroxynitrite, while increased SOD1 and GPX ½ expression, and enzymatic activity of CAT, but did not affect the lower expression of UPR mediators caused by hypothyroidism. This study demonstrated that hypothyroidism causes oxidative stress and dysregulated the UPR pathway in rat testes and that, although Kp10 does not influence the low expression of UPR mediators, it improves the testicular redox status, configuring it as an important antioxidant factor in situations of thyroid dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Cardoso Santos
- Electron Microscopy Center, Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazare de Andrade, Ilheus 45662-900, Brazil; (L.C.S.); (J.M.d.A.C.); (M.C.d.S.G.C.); (B.R.S.); (L.S.d.O.); (A.L.d.S.); (E.M.B.); (S.C.B.)
| | - Jeane Martinha dos Anjos Cordeiro
- Electron Microscopy Center, Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazare de Andrade, Ilheus 45662-900, Brazil; (L.C.S.); (J.M.d.A.C.); (M.C.d.S.G.C.); (B.R.S.); (L.S.d.O.); (A.L.d.S.); (E.M.B.); (S.C.B.)
| | - Maria Clara da Silva Galrão Cunha
- Electron Microscopy Center, Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazare de Andrade, Ilheus 45662-900, Brazil; (L.C.S.); (J.M.d.A.C.); (M.C.d.S.G.C.); (B.R.S.); (L.S.d.O.); (A.L.d.S.); (E.M.B.); (S.C.B.)
| | - Bianca Reis Santos
- Electron Microscopy Center, Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazare de Andrade, Ilheus 45662-900, Brazil; (L.C.S.); (J.M.d.A.C.); (M.C.d.S.G.C.); (B.R.S.); (L.S.d.O.); (A.L.d.S.); (E.M.B.); (S.C.B.)
| | - Luciana Santos de Oliveira
- Electron Microscopy Center, Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazare de Andrade, Ilheus 45662-900, Brazil; (L.C.S.); (J.M.d.A.C.); (M.C.d.S.G.C.); (B.R.S.); (L.S.d.O.); (A.L.d.S.); (E.M.B.); (S.C.B.)
| | - Adriana Lopes da Silva
- Electron Microscopy Center, Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazare de Andrade, Ilheus 45662-900, Brazil; (L.C.S.); (J.M.d.A.C.); (M.C.d.S.G.C.); (B.R.S.); (L.S.d.O.); (A.L.d.S.); (E.M.B.); (S.C.B.)
| | - Erikles Macêdo Barbosa
- Electron Microscopy Center, Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazare de Andrade, Ilheus 45662-900, Brazil; (L.C.S.); (J.M.d.A.C.); (M.C.d.S.G.C.); (B.R.S.); (L.S.d.O.); (A.L.d.S.); (E.M.B.); (S.C.B.)
| | - Raquel Vieira Niella
- Veterinary Hospital, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazare de Andrade, Ilheus 45662-900, Brazil; (R.V.N.); (M.S.L.d.L.)
| | - Gustavo José Cota de Freitas
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (G.J.C.d.F.); (D.d.A.S.)
| | - Daniel de Assis Santos
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (G.J.C.d.F.); (D.d.A.S.)
| | - Rogéria Serakides
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (R.S.); (N.d.M.O.)
| | - Natália de Melo Ocarino
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (R.S.); (N.d.M.O.)
| | - Stephanie Carvalho Borges
- Electron Microscopy Center, Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazare de Andrade, Ilheus 45662-900, Brazil; (L.C.S.); (J.M.d.A.C.); (M.C.d.S.G.C.); (B.R.S.); (L.S.d.O.); (A.L.d.S.); (E.M.B.); (S.C.B.)
| | - Mário Sérgio Lima de Lavor
- Veterinary Hospital, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazare de Andrade, Ilheus 45662-900, Brazil; (R.V.N.); (M.S.L.d.L.)
| | - Juneo Freitas Silva
- Electron Microscopy Center, Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Campus Soane Nazare de Andrade, Ilheus 45662-900, Brazil; (L.C.S.); (J.M.d.A.C.); (M.C.d.S.G.C.); (B.R.S.); (L.S.d.O.); (A.L.d.S.); (E.M.B.); (S.C.B.)
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Yalçın T, Kaya S, Kuloğlu T, Yiğin A. N-Acetylcysteine May Regulate Altered Meteorin-Like Levels in Testicular Tissue due to Aluminum Exposure. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:5335-5345. [PMID: 37016183 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03656-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (AL) is a heavy metal known to have toxic effects on the reproductive system. It is known that N-acetylcysteine (NAC), which has an antioxidant effect, is a useful chelator for heavy metals. This study aimed to determine whether NAC may reduce AL-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and germ cell apoptosis in testicular tissues and its effects on meteorin-like (METRNL) levels, which are known to play a role in energy metabolism. In this experimental study, 28 Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 7): control, AL (30 mg/kg/day AL), AL + NAC (30 mg/kg/day AL + 150 mg/kg/day NAC), and NAC (150 mg/kg/day NAC). All AL and NAC applications were performed intraperitoneally for 14 days. At the end of the experiment, the effects of AL and/or NAC applications on testicular tissue were examined histomorphometrically, histopathologically, immunohistochemically, and biochemically. It was determined that AL exposure caused histomorphometric and histopathological changes, oxidative stress, apoptosis of germ cells, and inflammation in testicular tissues. In addition, AL caused an increase in METRNL levels. It was determined that NAC treatment significantly reduced the negative effects of AL. NAC therapy may be a protective strategy in reproductive toxicity due to AL exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuba Yalçın
- Vocational Higher School of Healthcare Studies, Batman University, Batman, Turkey
| | - Sercan Kaya
- Vocational Higher School of Healthcare Studies, Batman University, Batman, Turkey.
| | - Tuncay Kuloğlu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Akın Yiğin
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
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3
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Tyagi A, Chandrasekaran B, Navin AK, Shukla V, Baby BV, Ankem MK, Damodaran C. Molecular interplay between NOX1 and autophagy in cadmium-induced prostate carcinogenesis. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 199:44-55. [PMID: 36764624 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to cadmium (Cd), a class I carcinogen, leads to malignant transformation of normal prostate epithelial cells (RWPE-1). The constant generation of Cd-induced ROS and resulting ER stress induces cellular responses that are needed for cell survival, and autophagy has an important role in this process. However, the mechanisms that regulate Cd-induced ROS and how these differ in terms of acute and chronic cadmium exposure remain unexplained. Here, we show that acute or chronic Cd exposure facilitates NOX1 assembly by activating its cytosolic regulators p47phox and p67phox in RWPE-1 cells. Upregulation of NOX1 complex proteins and generation of ROS activates unfolded protein response (UPR) via phosphorylation of protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2α), and selective translation of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4). Chronic Cd exposure constantly activates NOX1 complex and generates consistent ROS and ER stress that led to defective autophagy, wherein ATG5 expression is downregulated in contrast to acute Cd exposure. As a result, selective/defective autophagy creates depletion of autophagosome-lysosome fusion that gives a survival advantage to transforming cells, which is not available to RWPE-1 cells acutely exposed to Cd. Knockdown of key molecules in a lockstep manner directly affects the most downstream autophagy pathways in transforming cells. Overall, this study demonstrates that assembly of NOX1 complex proteins is indispensable for Cd-induced persistent ROS and controls ER stress-induced defective autophagy in mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Tyagi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77845, USA
| | - Balaji Chandrasekaran
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77845, USA
| | - Ajit K Navin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77845, USA
| | - Vaibhav Shukla
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77845, USA
| | - Becaa V Baby
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Murali K Ankem
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Chendil Damodaran
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77845, USA; Department of Urology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
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Wang M, Wang Y, Wang S, Hou L, Cui Z, Li Q, Huang H. Selenium alleviates cadmium-induced oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress and programmed necrosis in chicken testes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 863:160601. [PMID: 36528095 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a common heavy metal pollutant, and one of the important target organs of its toxicity is the testis. Selenium (Se) has the ability to antagonize the toxicity of Cd. However, the mechanism of the alleviating effects of Se on Cd in chicken testis injury through oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and programmed necrosis remained unclear. To explore this, 80 7-day-old chickens were divided into the Control group, the Se group (1.00 mg/kg Se), the Cd group (150.00 mg/kg Cd), and the CdSe group. On the 30th and 60th days, serum and chicken testis tissue samples were collected for testing. The results showed that Cd exposure resulted in swelling and deformation of seminiferous tubules, and thinning of the seminiferous epithelium. The ROS and MDA increased, and the SOD, CAT, GSH, GSH-Px decreased. The expression of GRP78, PERK, IRE1, ATF6, CHOP, and JNK in the Cd group increased. The expression of TNF-α, TNFR1, RIP1, RIP3, MLKL, and PARP1 increased, while the expression of Caspase-8 decreased. Histopathological changes, oxidative stress, ERS, and programmed necrosis were improved after CdSe treatment. In conclusion, Se antagonized the toxicity of Cd, and Se could alleviate Cd-induced oxidative stress, ERS, and programmed necrosis in chicken testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueyue Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Size Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Hou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zilin Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - He Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
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Emre Kızıl H, Gür C, Ayna A, Darendelioğlu E, Küçükler S, Sağ S. Contribution of Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Autophagy Pathways to the Ameliorative Effects of Hesperidin in NaF-Induced Testicular Toxicity. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202200982. [PMID: 36808882 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
The ameliorative effects of hesperidin (HES) on the toxicities created by sodium fluoride (NaF) in the testes tissue of rats were studied via oxidative stress, apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathways. The animals were divided into five distinct groups (7 rats in each group). Group 1 was control group, group 2 received NaF-only (600 ppm), group 3 received HES-only (200 mg/kg bw); group 4 received NaF (600 ppm)+HES (100 mg/kg bw) and group 5 received NaF (600 ppm)+HES (200 mg/kg bw) for 14 days. NaF-induced testes tissue damage by reducing activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and levels of glutathione (GSH), and increasing lipid peroxidation levels. NaF treatment significantly downregulated the mRNA levels of SOD1, CAT and GPx. NaF supplementation caused apoptosis in the testes by upregulating p53, NFkB, caspase-3, caspase-6, caspase-9, and Bax and downregulating Bcl-2. Furthermore, NaF caused ER stress via increasing mRNA transcript levels of PERK, IRE1, ATF-6 and GRP78. NaF treatment led to autophagy via upregulation of Beclin1, LC3A, LC3B and AKT2. In testes tissue, however, co-treatment with HES at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly reduced oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy and ER stress. Overall, the findings of this study suggest that HES may help to reduce testes damage caused by NaF toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamit Emre Kızıl
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Bayburt University, 69000, Bayburt, Türkiye
| | - Cihan Gür
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240-, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Adnan Ayna
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Literature, Bingol University, 12000-, Bingol, Türkiye
| | - Ekrem Darendelioğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Bingol University, 12000-, Bingol, Türkiye
| | - Sefa Küçükler
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240-, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Sevda Sağ
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Bingol University, 12000-, Bingol, Türkiye
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Abedi B, Tayefi-Nasrabadi H, Kianifard D, Basaki M, Shahbazfar AA, Piri A, Dolatyarieslami M. The effect of co-administration of artemisinin and N-acetyl cysteine on antioxidant status, spermatological parameters and histopathology of testis in adult male mice. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2023:hmbci-2022-0050. [PMID: 36749578 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2022-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This in vivo study aimed to evaluate the effect of various concentrations of artemisinin (Art) alone or together with N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) on spermatological indices, antioxidant status, and histopathological parameters of testicular tissue in adult male mice. METHODS Six groups of five healthy male mice (25-30 g) were randomly assigned to different experimental groups. These groups received DMSO and corn oil (0.1%) as an Art solvent (Control), 50 mg kg-1 Art (Art-50), 250 mg kg-1 Art (Art-250), 50 mg kg-1 Art + 150 mg kg-1 NAC (Art-50+NAC-150), 250 mg kg-1 Art + 150 mg kg-1 NAC (Art-250+NAC-150) and 150 mg kg-1 NAC (NAC-150) for a period of 7 days. Testes and epididymis were prepared to evaluate the malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), spermatological indices, and histological parameters. RESULTS We showed that the high dose of Art (Art-250) significantly reduced the sperm count, motility, viability, and the activity of CAT and increased the levels of MDA compared to the control group. Also, the overdose of Art caused adverse changes in testicular tissue. Co-administration of NAC with Art (Art-250+NAC-150) corrected the adverse effects of Art. CONCLUSIONS The current study reports that a high dose of Art affects, spermatological parameters, antioxidant/stress oxidative status of the male reproductive system, and NAC is capable neutralize all adverse effects caused by Art.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Abedi
- Department of Basic sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Tayefi-Nasrabadi
- Department of Basic sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Davoud Kianifard
- Department of Basic sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Basaki
- Department of Basic sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Ali Shahbazfar
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aiyoub Piri
- Department of Basic sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Dolatyarieslami
- Department of Basic sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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Ali W, Ma Y, Zhu J, Zou H, Liu Z. Mechanisms of Cadmium-Induced Testicular Injury: A Risk to Male Fertility. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223601. [PMID: 36429028 PMCID: PMC9688678 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium is a heavy toxic metal with unknown biological functions in the human body. Over time, cadmium accretion in the different visceral organs (liver, lungs, kidney, and testis) is said to impair the function of these organs, which is associated with a relatively long biological half-life and a very low rate of excretion. Recently studies have revealed that the testes are highly sensitive to cadmium. In this review, we discussed the adverse effect of cadmium on the development and biological functions of the testis. The Sertoli cells (SCs), seminiferous tubules, and Blood Testis Barrier are severely structurally damaged by cadmium, which results in sperm loss. The development and function of Leydig cells are hindered by cadmium, which also induces Leydig cell tumors. The testis's vascular system is severely disturbed by cadmium. Cadmium also perturbs the function of somatic cells and germ cells through epigenetic regulation, giving rise to infertile or sub-fertile males. In addition, we also summarized the other findings related to cadmium-induced oxidative toxicity, apoptotic toxicity, and autophagic toxicity, along with their possible mechanisms in the testicular tissue of different animal species. Consequently, cadmium represents a high-risk factor for male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Ali
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yonggang Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jiaqiao Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hui Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Liu Z, Wang H, Larsen M, Gunewardana S, Cendali FI, Reisz JA, Akiyama H, Behringer RR, Ma Q, Hammoud SS, Kumar TR. The solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) is regulated by LH/androgen and required for cystine/glutathione homeostasis in mouse Sertoli cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 549:111641. [PMID: 35398053 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulates testosterone production from Leydig cells. Both LH and testosterone play important roles in spermatogenesis and male fertility. To identify LH - and testosterone - responsive transporter genes that play key roles in spermatogenesis, we performed large-scale gene expression analyses on testes obtained from adult control and Lhb knockout mice. We found a significant reduction in cystine/glutamate transporter encoding Slc7a11 mRNA in testes of Lhb null mice. We observed that Slc7a11/SLC7A11 expression was initiated pre-pubertally and developmentally regulated in mouse testis. Immunolocalization studies confirmed that SLC7A11 was mostly expressed in Sertoli cells in testes of control and germ cell-deficient mice. Western blot analyses indicated that SLC7A11 was significantly reduced in testes of mutant mice lacking either LH or androgen receptor selectively in Sertoli cells. Genetic and pharmacological rescue of Lhb knockout mice restored the testicular expression of Slc7a11 comparable to that observed in controls. Additionally, Slc7a11 mRNA was significantly suppressed upon Sertoli cell/testicular damage induced in mice by cadmium treatment. Knockdown of Slc7a11 in vitro in TM4 Sertoli cells or treatment of mice with sulfasalazine, a SLC7A11 inhibitor caused a significant reduction in intracellular cysteine and glutathione levels but glutamate content remained unchanged as determined by metabolomic analysis. Knockdown of Slc7a11 resulted in compensatory upregulation of other glutamate transporters belonging to the Slc1a family presumably to maintain intracellular glutamate levels. Collectively, our studies identified that SLC7A11 is an LH/testosterone-regulated transporter that is required for cysteine/glutathione but not glutamate homeostasis in mouse Sertoli cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghui Liu
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Huizen Wang
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Mark Larsen
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Sumedha Gunewardana
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Francesca I Cendali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Julie A Reisz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Haruhiko Akiyama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Richard R Behringer
- Department of Molecular Genetics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Qianyi Ma
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - S Sue Hammoud
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - T Rajendra Kumar
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
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Shojaeepour S, Sharififar F, Haghpanah T, Iranpour M, Imani M, Dabiri S. Panax ginseng ameliorate toxic effects of cadmium on germ cell apoptosis, sperm quality, and oxidative stress in male Wistar rats. TOXIN REV 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2021.1884095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeedeh Shojaeepour
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fariba Sharififar
- Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Tahereh Haghpanah
- Department of Anatomy, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Iranpour
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Masoud Imani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shahriar Dabiri
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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10
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Montaño-González RI, Gutiérrez-Salmeán G, Mojica-Villegas MA, Cristóbal-Luna JM, Briseño-Bugarín J, Chamorro-Cevallos G. Phycobiliproteins extract from Spirulina protects against single-dose cadmium-induced reproductive toxicity in male mice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:17441-17455. [PMID: 34664174 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16668-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is known for its many toxic effects on male population such as hypogonadism and fertility difficulties, which are oftenly associated with oxidative stress. As beneficial food, Spirulina(Sp) has been proved efficient against the heavy metal toxicity. This capacity can be associated with its phycobiliproteins (PBP). In this study, the capability of PBP and Sp to treat Cd-induced oxidative damage on the testes and spermatozoa was considered. CD-1 strain mice were orally treated with either Sp or PBP for 10 days prior to single-dose Cd challenge. Sperm quality determinations and testicle histology analysis were performed. Testosterone on serum was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Oxidative damage was determined. Antioxidant enzyme activity was analyzed by measuring the activity of super oxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (Cat), and glutathione peroxidase (GpX). The motility and viability of sperm decrease with Cd and improve with PBP and Sp, as the acrosomal reaction (AR) is diminished by PBPs. Testosterone levels decrease due to Cd, and only Sp maintains elevated levels. Cd increases the production of malondialdehyde in the spermatozoa, but not in testes; this production of malondialdehyde in the spermatozoa decreases in the presence of PBP. ROS only decreases with Cd, FBP, and Sp at high concentrations. Advanced oxidative protein products (AOPP) decrease with Cd and PBPs. Cat and GpX increase their activity with Cd and are altered by FBP. Cd produces vascular alterations testes. Within the seminiferous tubule, it produces areas of necrosis and apoptosis, which improve with PBPs and Sp. PBPs have a strong antioxidant activity as they show protective properties against Cd oxidative-induced toxicity on testes and sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Iván Montaño-González
- Laboratorio de Toxicología de la Reproducción y fertilidad, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu 399. Colonia Adolfo López Mateos, Ciudad de México, 07738, México
| | - Gabriela Gutiérrez-Salmeán
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac, Avenida Universidad Anáhuac 46, Lomas Anáhuac, Huixquilucan, Estado de México, 52786, México
| | - María Angélica Mojica-Villegas
- Laboratorio de Toxicología de la Reproducción y fertilidad, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu 399. Colonia Adolfo López Mateos, Ciudad de México, 07738, México
| | - José Melesio Cristóbal-Luna
- Laboratorio de Toxicología de la Reproducción y fertilidad, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu 399. Colonia Adolfo López Mateos, Ciudad de México, 07738, México
| | - Jorge Briseño-Bugarín
- Laboratorio de Toxicología de la Reproducción y fertilidad, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu 399. Colonia Adolfo López Mateos, Ciudad de México, 07738, México
| | - Germán Chamorro-Cevallos
- Laboratorio de Toxicología de la Reproducción y fertilidad, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu 399. Colonia Adolfo López Mateos, Ciudad de México, 07738, México.
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11
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Alizadeh B, Salehzadeh A, Ranji N, Arasteh A. Effects of N-Acetyl Cysteine on Genes Expression of c-myc, and Ask-1, Histopathological, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis in the Liver of Male Rats Exposed to Cadmium. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:661-668. [PMID: 33740178 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02670-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to consider the oxidative damage induced by cadmium (Cd) and apoptosis and the role of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in preserving hepatic cells against Cd toxicity. Male rats were randomly divided into seven groups including G1 (control), G2 (single dose of Cd), G3 (continuous dose of Cd), G4 (single dose of Cd + continuous dose of NAC), and G5 (continuous dose of Cd + continuous dose of NAC). Hepatic cells apoptosis was measured using TUNEL assay method. Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), TNF-α, IL-10, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured by specific kits. Expression of c-myc and Ask-1 genes was considered using RT-PCR. NAC treatments significantly improved TAC and IL-10, but decreased MDA and TNF-α values in rats that were exposed to a single and continuous dose of Cd (p < 0.05). Exposure to a single and continuous dose of Cd caused a significant increase in c-myc expression by 3.76-fold (p < 0.001) and 8.17-fold (p < 0.0001), respectively. Single and continuous dose treatment of Cd led to a significant increase in Ask1 expression by 4.38-fold (p < 0.001) and 13.52-fold (p < 0.001), respectively. NAC treatments significantly decreased the expression of c-myc, and Ask-1 in rats exposed to single or continuous Cd. Cd exposure is strongly associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, antioxidant depletion, and liver cells apoptosis. NAC can protect liver tissue against Cd by elevating antioxidants capacity, mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation, as well as down-regulating of apoptotic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bentolhoda Alizadeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ali Salehzadeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Najmeh Ranji
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Amir Arasteh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
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12
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Guo H, Yin H, Zuo Z, Yang Z, Yang Y, Wei L, Cui H, Deng H, Chen X, Chen J, Zhu Y, Ouyang P, Geng Y, Du Z, Tang H, Wang F, Fang J. Oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis and autophagy involved in Ni-induced nephrotoxicity in the mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 228:112954. [PMID: 34739934 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As an extensively environmental pollution, Nickel (Ni) represents a serious hazard to human health. The present study focused on exploring the mechanism of Ni-mediated nephrotoxicity, such as apoptosis, autophagy and oxidative stress. In the current work, NiCl2 treatment could induce kidney damage. Meanwhile, NiCl2 treatment elevated ROS production and MDA content and suppressed the antioxidant activity, which was characterized by reducing T-AOC, CAT, SOD activity and GSH content. For investigating the role of oxidative stress on NiCl2-mediated nephrotoxicity, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC, effective antioxidant and free radical scavenger) was co-treated with NiCl2. The results showed that NAC significantly suppressed the NiCl2-mediated oxidative stress and mitigated NiCl2-induced the kidney damage. Then, whether oxidative stress-induced autophagy and apoptosis were involved in NiCl2-induced nephrotoxicity was explored. The findings demonstrated that NAC relieved NiCl2-induced autophagy and reversed the activation of Akt/AMPK/mTOR pathway. Concurrently, the results indicated that NAC attenuated NiCl2-induced apoptosis, as evidenced by reduction of apoptotic cells and cleaved-caspase-3/- 8/- 9 together with cleaved-PARP protein levels. To sum up, our findings suggested that NiCl2-mediated renal injury was associated with oxidative stress-induced apoptosis and autophagy. This study provides new theoretical basis for excess Ni exposure nephrotoxic researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongrui Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Heng Yin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhicai Zuo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhuangzhi Yang
- Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Yue Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ling Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hengmin Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Huidan Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China; Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Yanqiu Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ping Ouyang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yi Geng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zongjun Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Huaqiao Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Fengyuan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jing Fang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China; Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
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13
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Guo H, Ouyang Y, Wang J, Cui H, Deng H, Zhong X, Jian Z, Liu H, Fang J, Zuo Z, Wang X, Zhao L, Geng Y, Ouyang P, Tang H. Cu-induced spermatogenesis disease is related to oxidative stress-mediated germ cell apoptosis and DNA damage. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:125903. [PMID: 34492839 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Copper is considered as an indispensable trace element for living organisms. However, over-exposure to Cu can lead to adverse health effects on human. In this study, CuSO4 decreased sperm concentration and motility, increased sperm malformation rate. Concurrently, testicular damage including testicular histopathological aberrations and reduction of testis relative weight were observed. Then, the mechanism underlying Cu-induced testicular toxicity was explored. According to the results, CuSO4 elevated ROS production while reducing antioxidant function. Additionally, CuSO4 induced apoptosis which was featured by MMP depolarization and up-regulated levels of cleaved-caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-8, cleaved-caspase-9, caspase-12, cleaved-PARP and Bax, whereas down-regulated Bcl-2 expression. Meanwhile, CuSO4 caused testis DNA damage (up-regulation of γ-H2AX protein expression) and suppressed DNA repair pathways including BER, NER, HR, MMR, together with the NHEJ repair pathways, yet did not affect MGMT. To investigate the role of oxidative stress in CuSO4-induced apoptosis and DNA damage, the antioxidant NAC was co-treated with CuSO4. NAC attenuated CuSO4-induced ROS production, inhibited apoptosis and DNA damage. Furthermore, the spermatogenesis disorder was also abolished in the co-treatment with CuSO4 and NAC group. Altogether, abovementioned results indicated that CuSO4-induced spermatogenesis disorder is related to oxidative stress-mediated DNA damage and germ cell apoptosis, impairing male reproductive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongrui Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yujuan Ouyang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hengmin Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Engineering of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Yaan, Sichuan 625014, China.
| | - Huidan Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Xinyue Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhijie Jian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Huan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jing Fang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhicai Zuo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xun Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yi Geng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ping Ouyang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Huaqiao Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu 611130, China
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14
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Sozen E, Demirel-Yalciner T, Koroglu MK, Elmas MA, Ercan F, Ozer NK. High cholesterol diet activates ER stress mediated apoptosis in testes tissue: Role of α-tocopherol. IUBMB Life 2021; 74:85-92. [PMID: 34350697 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The seminiferous tubules where spermatogenesis occurs are enveloped and protected by the Sertoli cells to support germ cells undergoing meiosis to produce haploid gametes. Clearly, induction of apoptosis in seminiferous tubules leads to abnormalities in spermatogenesis and male infertility. Studies demonstrated that increased hyperlipidemia impairs male infertility and spermatogenesis by enhancing seminiferous tubules apoptosis. However, molecular mechanisms underlying high-cholesterol-mediated testicular damage remain poorly elucidated. In this scope, we established a rabbit model and investigated the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress on high cholesterol diet induced seminiferous tubule apoptosis. Histopatological examinations revealed increased seminifer tubule apoptosis in testes of rabbits fed high cholesterol diet. In addition, phosphorylated forms of IRE1 and PERK, two well-identified markers of ER stress, were significantly induced in accordance with high cholesterol diet. High cholesterol diet also exhibited CHOP induction in testes, indicating increased ER stress related apoptosis. Supplementation of α-tocopherol significantly attenuated cholesterol mediated ER stress, and restored seminiferous tubules apoptosis. Taken together, our findings suggest that α-tocopherol might be capable to reduce testicular damage via ameliorating histopatological features and inhibiting seminiferous tubules apoptosis in hypercholesterolemic rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdi Sozen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center (GEMHAM), Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - M Kutay Koroglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve Acikel Elmas
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Feriha Ercan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Kartal Ozer
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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15
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Yi L, Dai J, Chen Y, Tong Y, Li Y, Fu G, Teng Z, Huang J, Quan C, Zhang Z, Zhou T, Zhang L, Shi Y. Reproductive toxicity of cadmium in pubertal male rats induced by cell apoptosis. Toxicol Ind Health 2021; 37:469-480. [PMID: 34128436 DOI: 10.1177/07482337211022615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that is widely present in modern industrial production. It is a known, highly toxic environmental endocrine disruptor. Long-term exposure to Cd can cause varying degrees of damage to the liver, kidney, and reproductive system of organisms, especially the male reproductive system. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of Cd toxicity in the male reproductive system during puberty. Eighteen healthy 6-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (control group, low-dose group, and high-dose group) according to their body weight, with six in each group. Cd (0, 1, and 3 mg/kg/day) was given by gavage for 28 consecutive days. The results showed that Cd exposure to each dose group caused a decrease in the testicular organ coefficient and sperm count, compared with the control group. Cd exposure resulted in significant changes in testicular morphology in the 3 mg/kg/day Cd group. In the 1 and 3 mg/kg/day Cd groups, serum testosterone decreased and apoptosis of testicular cells increased significantly (p < 0.05). In addition, compared with the control group, the activity of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in each Cd exposure dose group decreased, but the content of malondialdehyde in the high-dose, 3 mg/kg/day Cd treatment group significantly increased (p < 0.05). Although Cd exposure caused an increase in the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of Bcl-2, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 in the testicular tissues (p < 0.05), Bcl-2 expression was unchanged (p > 0.05). The expression level of Akt mRNA in testicular tissue of rats in the high-dose 3 mg/kg/day Cd group was increased (p < 0.05). Our data suggest that Cd affected testosterone levels, and apoptosis was observed in spermatids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingna Yi
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, 481115Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Dai
- 369606Wuhan Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Emergency Department, Taikang Tongji (Wuhan) Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Yeqing Tong
- Hubei Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, Wuhan, China
| | - You Li
- Tigermed Consulting Ltd, China
| | - Guoqing Fu
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, 481115Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zengguang Teng
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, 481115Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jufeng Huang
- Hanchuan Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, Hanchuan, China
| | - Chao Quan
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, 481115Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhibing Zhang
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, 481115Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, 481115Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, 481115Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuqin Shi
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, 481115Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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16
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Deferasirox, an Iron-Chelating Agent, Improves Testicular Morphometric and Sperm Functional Parameters in a Rat Model of Varicocele. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6698482. [PMID: 33897943 PMCID: PMC8052147 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6698482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Varicocele is characterized by testicular dysfunction that originates from hyperthermia and hypoxia, leading to defects in testicular tissue and altered spermatozoa structure and function. The varicocele testis is characterized by the presence of intracellular iron deposits that contribute to the associated oxidative stress. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that administration of an iron-chelating agent, such as deferasirox (DFX), could potentially mitigate the consequences of varicocele on testicular tissue and spermatozoa. Using a well-established rat model of varicocele (VCL), we show that treatment with DFX partially improved the structure and function of the testis and spermatozoa. In particular, sperm motility was markedly restored whereas abnormal sperm morphology was only partially improved. No significant improvement in sperm count was observed that could be associated with the proapoptotic response observed following iron chelation treatment. No reduction in oxidative damage to spermatozoa was observed since lipid peroxidation and DNA integrity were not modified. This was suggested to be a result of increased oxidative stress. Finally, we also saw no indication of attenuation of the endoplasmic reticulum/unfolded protein (ER/UPR) stress response that we recently found associated with the VCL testis in rats.
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17
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Azarmehr Z, Ranji N, Khazaei Koohpar Z, Habibollahi H. The effect of N-Acetyl cysteine on the expression of Fxr (Nr1h4), LXRα (Nr1h3) and Sirt1 genes, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the liver of rats exposed to different doses of cadmium. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:2533-2542. [PMID: 33772418 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06300-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to consider the expression of farnesoid X receptor (Fxr), liver X receptor (LXRα) and sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and the protective role of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in the liver of rats treated with cadmium (Cd). 30 Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: G1 (control), G2 (single dose of Cd), G3 (continuous dose of Cd), G4 (single dose of Cd + continuous dose of NAC), and G5 (continuous dose of Cd + continuous dose of NAC). The apoptosis of hepatic cells was measured using the TUNEL assay. Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), IL-10, TNF-α, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured by specific kits. The expression of Fxr, LXRα, and Sirt1 genes and ratio of Bax/Bcl2 was considered using RT-PCR. While NAC treatment improved TAC and IL-10 values, it decreased MDA and TNF-α levels in the liver of rats exposed to Cd (P < 0.001). NAC decreased Bax/Bcl2 in the liver of G4 and G5 groups (P < 0.001). Exposure to a continuous dose of Cd decreased Fxr, LXRα, and Sirt1 expression by 36.65- (P < 0.001), 12.52- (P < 0.001) and 11.34-fold (P < 0.001) compared to control, respectively. NAC increased Fxr, LXRα, and Sirt1 expression (P < 0.01) and decreased Cd concentrations in both serum and tissue samples in G4 and G5 groups. Our results suggested that NAC protects liver tissue against Cd toxicity by elevating antioxidant capacity, mitigating oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and up-regulation of FXR, LXR, and SIRT1 genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Azarmehr
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box, 3516-41335, Rasht, Iran
| | - Najmeh Ranji
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box, 3516-41335, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Zeinab Khazaei Koohpar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Hadi Habibollahi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box, 3516-41335, Rasht, Iran
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18
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Rahmani Talatappeh N, Ranji N, Beigi Harchegani A. The effect of N-acetyl cysteine on oxidative stress and apoptosis in the liver tissue of rats exposed to cadmium. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2021; 76:518-525. [PMID: 33625322 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2021.1887796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We considered the oxidative damage induced by cadmium (Cd) and apoptosis, and the role of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in preserving cells against Cd toxicity in the liver of male rats. NAC significantly improved total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) in rats exposed to single and continuous dose of Cd. Single and continuous exposure to Cd caused a significant increase in Bax expression (by 1.5-fold and 3.61-fold, respectively) and significant decrease in expression of Bcl2 compared to control (by 9.14-fold and 2.36-fold, respectively). The expression of Caspase 3 and 8 in rats exposed to Cd was significantly higher than control group (P < 0.05). NAC protects liver tissue against Cd by elevating antioxidants capacity, mitigating oxidative stress, as well as down-regulating of apoptotic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Rahmani Talatappeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Najmeh Ranji
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
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Zhou GX, Zhu HL, Shi XT, Nan Y, Liu WB, Dai LM, Xiong YW, Yi SJ, Cao XL, Xu DX, Wang H. Autophagy in Sertoli cell protects against environmental cadmium-induced germ cell apoptosis in mouse testes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 270:116241. [PMID: 33321432 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) was an environmental pollutant, which could result in germ cell apoptosis in testes. Sertoli-germ cell communication was vital for germ cell development and maturity. However, little was known about the effect of Sertoli cell autophagy on Cd-induced germ cell apoptosis. Here, we used male Amh-Cre+/Atg5flox/flox (Atg5-/-) mice, loss of autophagy-related gene 5 (Atg5) in testicular Sertoli cells, to explore the obscure effects. Atg5-/- and Wild-type (WT) mice were given with cadmium chloride (CdCl2, 2.0 mg/kg) for 0-24 h. Our results showed that Cd triggered testicular germ cell apoptosis, as evidenced by the increment of TUNEL-labeled germ cells, cleaved caspase3 and cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase protein level. Additionally, Cd induced testicular autophagy, as determined by elevating the level of autophagy-related proteins, including Atg5, Atg7, LC3B-II, and the gathering of LC3 puncta. 3-methyladenine, a specific autophagy inhibitor, exacerbated Cd-caused germ cell apoptosis. Inversely, rapamycin, an autophagy inducer, relieved Cd-stimulated germ cell apoptosis. Interestingly, we found that autophagy in Sertoli cells was activated in Cd-treated WT mouse testes as evidenced by the increment of LC3 puncta surrounding SOX9, a specific Sertoli cell marker. More importantly, loss of autophagy in Sertoli cells aggravated Cd-triggered germ cell apoptosis. Taken together, these data indicate that autophagy in Sertoli cells alleviates Cd-triggered germ cell apoptosis in mouse testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Xiang Zhou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Hua-Long Zhu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Xue-Ting Shi
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Yuan Nan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Wei-Bo Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Li-Min Dai
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Yong-Wei Xiong
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Song-Jia Yi
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Xue-Lin Cao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China.
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20
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Santiago J, Santos MAS, Fardilha M, Silva JV. Stress response pathways in the male germ cells and gametes. Mol Hum Reprod 2021; 26:1-13. [PMID: 31814009 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaz063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a conserved and essential cellular pathway involved in protein quality control that is activated in response to several cellular stressors such as diseases states, ageing, infection and toxins. The cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria are continuously exposed to new proteins and in situations of aberrant protein folding; one of three lines of defence may be activated: (i) heat-shock response, (ii) mitochondrial UPR and (iii) ER UPR. These pathways lead to different signal transduction mechanisms that activate or upregulate transcription factors that, in turn, regulate genes that increase the cell's ability to correct the conformation of poorly folded proteins or, ultimately, lead to apoptosis. Despite the recent progress in understanding such biological processes, few studies have focused on the implications of the UPR in male infertility, highlighting the need for a first approach concerning the presence of these components in the male reproductive system. In testis, there is a high rate of protein synthesis, and the UPR mechanisms are well described. However, the presence of these mechanisms in spermatozoa, apparently transcriptionally inactive cells, is contentious, and it is unclear how sperm cells deal with stress. Here, we review current concepts and mechanisms of the UPR and highlight the relevance of these stress response pathways in male fertility, especially the presence and functional activation of those components in male germinal cells and spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Santiago
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M A S Santos
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Fardilha
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - J V Silva
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.,Reproductive Genetics and Embryo-fetal Development Group, Institute for Innovation and Health Research (I3S), University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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21
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Xiong L, Zhou B, Liu H, Cai L. Comprehensive Review of Cadmium Toxicity Mechanisms in Male Reproduction and Therapeutic Strategies. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 258:151-193. [PMID: 34618232 DOI: 10.1007/398_2021_75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) has been widely studied as an environmental pollutant for many years. Numerous studies have reported that Cd exposure causes damage to the heart, liver, kidneys, and thyroid in vivo. The emerging evidence suggests that Cd exposure induces damage on male reproductive system, which is related to oxidative stress, inflammation, steroidogenesis disruption, and epigenetics. Current preclinical animal studies have confirmed a large number of proteins and intracellular signaling pathways involved in the pathological process of Cd-induced male reproductive damage and potential measures for prophylaxis and treatment, which primarily include antioxidants, anti-inflammatory agents, and essential ion supplement. However, explicit pathogenesis and effective treatments remain uncertain. This review collects data from the literatures, discusses the underlying mechanisms of Cd-induced toxicity on male reproductive function, and summarizes evidence that may provide guidance for the treatment and prevention of Cd-induced male reproductive toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Xiong
- Department of Emergency, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Emergency, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Emergency, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lu Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
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Ghafarizadeh A, Malmir M, Naderi Noreini S, Faraji T. Antioxidant effects of N-acetylcysteine on the male reproductive system: A systematic review. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13898. [PMID: 33167060 DOI: 10.1111/and.13898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of N-acetyl cysteine on the male reproductive system and consensus and classification of data found from previous studies. It is undeniable that N-acetyl cysteine as a powerful antioxidant compound can medicate many diseases such as cardiovascular, kidney, liver and reproductive system disorders. With the increasing environmental pollution that has a direct adverse effect on male fertility, the use of this compound is able to positively function on human fertility health. In this study, we have been collected the main data of scientific articles (1994-2020) about N-acetyl cysteine effects. By searching in the scientific databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Wiley and Web of Science, related articles were extracted. As a result, all observations have confirmed that N-acetyl cysteine can improve and normalise the spermatogenesis in the male reproduction system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahdi Malmir
- Department of Midwifery, Tuyserkan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tuyserkan, Iran
| | | | - Tayebeh Faraji
- Department of Midwifery, Tuyserkan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tuyserkan, Iran
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23
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Bhardwaj JK, Panchal H, Saraf P. Cadmium as a testicular toxicant: A Review. J Appl Toxicol 2020; 41:105-117. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.4055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jitender Kumar Bhardwaj
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra Haryana India
| | - Harish Panchal
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra Haryana India
| | - Priyanka Saraf
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra Haryana India
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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress (ER Stress) and Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) Occur in a Rat Varicocele Testis Model. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:5909306. [PMID: 32802266 PMCID: PMC7411497 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5909306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Using a surgically induced varicocele rat model, we show here strong evidence that the misfolded/unfolded protein response that is part of the stress response of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is activated in the varicocele testis (VCL), leading to the induction of apoptosis. To support this hypothesis, it is observed that the spliced variant of the X-box protein 1 (XBP1s), resulting from the activation of the inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) membrane sensor, is significantly more represented in VCL testicular extracts. The activation of the IRE1/XBP1s pathway is also supported by the observation that the VCL testes show an increase phosphorylation of the c-Jun-kinase (JNK) known to be one intermediate of this pathway and an increased level of caspase-3, the terminal apoptotic effector, partly explaining the apoptotic status of the VCL testis.
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25
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Shati AA. Resveratrol protects against cadmium chloride-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity by inhibiting ER stress and GAAD 153 and activating sirtuin 1/AMPK/Akt. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019; 34:1340-1353. [PMID: 31433112 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated whether the apoptotic effect induced by cadmium chloride (CdCl2 ) in rat's hippocampi and neuroprotection afforded by resveratrol (RES) are mediated by modulation of ER stress and involve sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)/AMPK/Akt axis. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 24/group) as control, control + RES (300 mg/kg), CdCl2 (5 mg/kg), and CdCl2 + RES. All treatments were conducted orally for 45 days. Also, cultured hippocampal cells were treated with CdCl2 in the presence or absence of RES and with or without preincubation with SIRT1, AMPK, or PI3K inhibitors. CdCl2 impaired retention and spatial memories of rats and reduced levels and activities of SIRT1 and inhibited AMPK/Akt axis in their hippocamapi where SIRT1 was the upstream regulator. It also enahnced hippocampal levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and expression of caspase-12 and caspase-3, depleted glutathione (GSH) levels, and activated GRP78, activating transcription factor-6, GAAD 153, X-box binding protein-1 arms of ER stress. On the contrary, RES coadminsitration completley abolished all these events. Interstingly and in control rats, RES not only increased levels of GSH, but also enhenced protein levels of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and dwonregulated GAAD 153. In both control and CdCl2 -treated rats, pharmacological inhibtion of SIRT1, AMPK, and Akt compleltely abolished all effects afforded by RES. In conclusion, CdCl2 -induced hippocampal apopotis is associated with reduction of SIRT1/AMPK/Akt activity levels, ROS generation, downregulation of Bcl-2, and activities, activation of ER stress, and GAAD 153, whereas RES is able to reverse these effects through activation of SIRT1/AMPK/Akt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Shati
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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26
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Karna KK, Shin YS, Choi BR, Kim HK, Park JK. The Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response in Male Reproductive Physiology and Pathology: A Review. World J Mens Health 2019; 38:484-494. [PMID: 31385474 PMCID: PMC7502313 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.190038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, defined as prolonged disturbances in protein folding and accumulation of unfolded proteins in the ER. Perturbation of the ER, such as distribution of oxidative stress, iron imbalance, Ca2+ leakage, protein overload, and hypoxia, can cause ER stress. The cell reacts to ER stress by activating protective pathways, called the unfolded protein response (UPR), which is comprised of cellular mechanisms aimed for maintaining cellular homeostasis or, in case of excessively severe stress, at the initiation of cellular apoptosis. The three UPR signaling pathways from the ER stress sensors are initiated by activating transcription factor 6, inositol requiring enzyme 1, and protein kinase RNA-activated-like ER kinase. A number of physiological and pathological conditions, environmental toxicants and variety of pharmacological agents showed disruption of proper ER functions and thereby cause ER stress in male reproductive organ in rat model. The present review summarizes the existing data concerning the molecular and biological mechanism of ER stress in male reproduction and male infertility. ER stress initiated cell death pathway has been related to several diseases, including hypoxia, heath disease, diabetes, and Parkinson's disease. Although there is not enough evidence to prove the relationship between ER stress and male infertility in human, most studies in this review found that ER stress was correlated with male reproduction and infertility in animal models. The ER stress could be novel signaling pathway of regulating male reproductive cellular apoptosis. Infertility might be a result of disturbing the ER stress response during the process of male reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshab Kumar Karna
- Department of Urology, Institute for Medical Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School - Biomedical Research and Institute and Clinical Trial Center for Medical Devices, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Yu Seob Shin
- Department of Urology, Institute for Medical Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School - Biomedical Research and Institute and Clinical Trial Center for Medical Devices, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Bo Ram Choi
- Department of Urology, Institute for Medical Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School - Biomedical Research and Institute and Clinical Trial Center for Medical Devices, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Hye Kyung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, Korea
| | - Jong Kwan Park
- Department of Urology, Institute for Medical Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School - Biomedical Research and Institute and Clinical Trial Center for Medical Devices, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea.
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Induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress might be responsible for defective autophagy in cadmium-induced prostate carcinogenesis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 373:62-68. [PMID: 31002860 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Earlier, we reported that chronic cadmium (Cd)-exposure to prostate epithelial (RWPE-1) cells causes defective autophagy, which leads to the transformation of a malignant phenotype in both in vitro and in vivo models. However, the upstream events responsible for defective autophagy are yet to be delineated. The present study suggests that chronic Cd exposure induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress that triggers the phosphorylation of stress transducers [protein kinase R-like ER Kinase- (PERK), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha- (eIF2-α) and Activating Transcription Factor 4 -(ATF-4)], resulting in defective autophagy that protects Cd-exposed RWPE-1 cells. On the other hand, inhibition of the ATF4 stress inducer by siRNA blocked the Cd-induced defective autophagy in transforming cells. While dissecting the upstream activators of ER stress, we found that increased expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is responsible for ER stress in Cd-exposed RWPE-1 cells. Overexpression of antioxidants (SOD1/SOD2) mitigates Cd-induced ROS that results in inhibition of ER stress and autophagy in prostate epithelial cells. These results suggest that the induction of ROS and subsequent ER stress are responsible for defective autophagy in Cd-induced transformation in prostate epithelial cells.
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28
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Yuan Y, Yang J, Chen J, Zhao S, Wang T, Zou H, Wang Y, Gu J, Liu X, Bian J, Liu Z. Alpha-lipoic acid protects against cadmium-induced neuronal injury by inhibiting the endoplasmic reticulum stress eIF2α-ATF4 pathway in rat cortical neurons in vitro and in vivo. Toxicology 2019; 414:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Hu Y, Wang Y, Yan T, Feng D, Ba Y, Zhang H, Zhu J, Cheng X, Cui L, Huang H. N-acetylcysteine alleviates fluoride-induced testicular apoptosis by modulating IRE1α/JNK signaling and nuclear Nrf2 activation. Reprod Toxicol 2019; 84:98-107. [PMID: 30633982 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We previously investigated excessive fluoride exposure elicited intracellular endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and led to Sertoli cells dysfunction in vitro. However, the mechanisms underlying fluoride-mediated male reproductive damage in vivo remain largely unknown. Considerable evidence has now revealed ER stress is closely linked with testicular oxidative damage. Hence, we aimed to explore whether ER stress signaling was involved in the testicular protective effects of antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) against testicular apoptosis induced by fluoride. Male SD rats were oral gavaged with sodium fluoride (NaF) for 7 weeks to induce fluorosis. The animals were pretreatment with or without NAC (150 mg/Bw•d). Our results demonstrated that sub-chronic NaF exposure triggered testicular apoptosis and sex hormonal disturbance in pituitary-testicular (PT) axis, promoted oxidative stress and the expression of ER stress mediators. Antioxidant NAC, however, prevented NaF-induced testicular apoptosis accompanied by activating Nrf2-mediated antioxidant potential. Simultaneously, NAC pretreatment downregulated XBP1 splicing, reduced JNK phosphorylation and further blocked cleavage of caspase-3, all these might contribute to the inhibition of testicular cell apoptosis. Collectively, the present results suggested that prolonged administration of NAC preserved testicular function and normalized sex hormonal disruption induced by NaF via the inhibition of Nrf2-associated oxidative damage and Ire1α-JNK-mediated apoptosis in rat testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhen Hu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, PR China
| | - Yawei Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, PR China
| | - Ting Yan
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, PR China
| | - Demin Feng
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, PR China
| | - Yue Ba
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, PR China
| | - Huizhen Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, PR China
| | - Jingyuan Zhu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, PR China
| | - Xuemin Cheng
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, PR China
| | - Liuxin Cui
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, PR China
| | - Hui Huang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, PR China.
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Liu W, Xu C, Ran D, Wang Y, Zhao H, Gu J, Liu X, Bian J, Yuan Y, Liu Z. CaMKⅡ mediates cadmium induced apoptosis in rat primary osteoblasts through MAPK activation and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Toxicology 2018; 406-407:70-80. [PMID: 29883672 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+ is an important ion in various intracellular metabolic pathways. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a major intracellular calcium store and ER calcium homeostasis plays a key part in the regulation of apoptosis. We have previously shown that Cadmium (Cd) induces apoptosis in osteoblasts (OBs), accompany by increased cytoplasmic calcium. As the role of calcium in OBs apoptosis induced by Cd has not been clarified we investigated the effects of Cd exposure in rat OBs on intracellular Ca2+, CaMKII phosphorylation, and the pathways implicated in inducing apoptosis. The results showed that cadmium(Cd) induced elevation of intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) in OBs by the release of Ca2+ from ER and the inflow of Ca2+ from the extracellular matrix. Cd induced [Ca2+]i elevation and phosphorylation of CaMKII which might be involved in activation of MAPKs and participated in Cd-induced mitochondrial apoptosis through the alteration of the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 expression. Meanwhile, CaMKII phosphorylation activated unfolded protein response (UPR) during cadmium treatment and could enable the ER apoptosis pathway through the activation of caspase-12. These results indicated that CaMKII plays an important role in Cd induced ER apoptosis and MAPK activation. Our data provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying apoptosis in OBs following Cd exposure. This provides a theoretical basis for future investigations into the clinical therapeutic application of CaMKⅡ inhibitors in osteoporosis induced by Cd exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Chao Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Di Ran
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianhong Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuezhong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianchun Bian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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Hu J, Wang H, Hu YF, Xu XF, Chen YH, Xia MZ, Zhang C, Xu DX. Cadmium induces inflammatory cytokines through activating Akt signaling in mouse placenta and human trophoblast cells. Placenta 2018; 65:7-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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CTRP3 attenuates high-fat diet-induced male reproductive dysfunction in mice. Clin Sci (Lond) 2018; 132:883-899. [PMID: 29572383 DOI: 10.1042/cs20180179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested a role for abdominal obesity in male infertility. Previous studies have found that cell apoptosis exerts an important role in obesity-related male infertility. C1q/TNF-related protein 3 (CTRP3), a paralog of adiponectin, has been proposed to exert anti-apoptotic effects and to attenuate diabetes-related cardiac injuries. However, the role of CTRP3 in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced spermatogenic impairment remains unclear. In the present study, we fed male mice an HFD for 24 weeks to induce obesity. The expression of CTRP3 was decreased by HFD feeding. Supplementation with the recombinant human globular domain of CTRP3 (0.25 μg/g/day) for 4 weeks beginning at 20 weeks of the HFD improved spermatogenic function in the HFD-fed mice, which were characterized by improved testis morphology, increased testis weight/body weight ratio, and increased sperm count, sperm viability, and sperm motility. We also found that CTRP3 infusion resulted in the attenuation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the activation of silence information regulator 1 (SIRT1) in the testes of obese mice. Our in vitro study also suggested that CTRP3 attenuated the palmitic acid (PA)-induced reductions in sperm viability and motility via the inhibition of ER stress. Moreover, germ cell-specific Sirtuin1 knockout abolished the protective effects of CTRP3 in vivo and in vitro. In vitro studies of human sperm showed that the protective effects of CTRP3 on sperm viability and motility were abrogated by a specific inhibitor of SIRT1. Thus, our results demonstrated that CTRP3 expression protected against HFD-induced spermatogenic deficiency through the SIRT1/ER stress pathway.
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33
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Guo MY, Wang H, Chen YH, Xia MZ, Zhang C, Xu DX. N-acetylcysteine alleviates cadmium-induced placental endoplasmic reticulum stress and fetal growth restriction in mice. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191667. [PMID: 29373603 PMCID: PMC5786300 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a developmental toxicant that induces fetal growth restriction (FGR). Placental endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is associated with FGR. This study investigated the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on Cd-induced placental ER stress and FGR. Pregnant mice were intraperitoneally injected with CdCl2 daily from gestational day (GD)13 to GD17. As expected, Cd reduced fetal weight and crown-rump length. Cd decreased the internal space of blood vessels in the placental labyrinth layer and inhibited placental cell proliferation. Several genes of growth factors, such as Vegf-a, placental growth factor, Igf1 and Igf1r, and several genes of nutrient transport pumps, such as Glut1, Fatp1 and Snat2, were down-regulated in placenta of Cd-treated mice. Moreover, Cd evoked placental ER stress. Of interest, NAC alleviated Cd-induced FGR. Additional experiment showed that NAC inhibited Cd-induced impairment of placental development and placental ER stress. Therefore, NAC may be exploited for prevention of Cd-induced placental insufficiency and FGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Yin Guo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- * E-mail: (DXX); (HW)
| | - Yuan-Hua Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Mi-Zhen Xia
- Life Science College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- * E-mail: (DXX); (HW)
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34
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Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification-based proteomic analysis of testis biopsies in rhesus monkeys treated with transient scrotal hyperthermia. Oncotarget 2017; 8:85909-85925. [PMID: 29156766 PMCID: PMC5689656 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the cellular and molecular events that occur in rhesus monkey testes after scrotal hyperthermia. Eight male adult rhesus monkeys were subjected to scrotal hyperthermia at 43°C for 30 min daily for 6 consecutive days. Sperm concentration, reproductive hormones, and testis histology were examined before hyperthermia (day 0), and at 8, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 days after the initiation of hyperthermia. iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis was conducted on testicular tissues collected on days 0, 8, and 60 to identify differentially expressed proteins at the early and recovery stages of testicular damage. The sperm concentration was significantly decreased at days 30 and 45 after treatment (p < 0.01) and recovered to baseline at day 60. When compared with day 0, 101 and 24 differentially expressed proteins were identified at days 8 and 60 after heat treatment, respectively. The molecular functions of the differentially expressed proteins at day 8 were mainly nucleic acid binding, unfolded protein binding, nucleotide binding, and nucleoside phosphate binding. Spliceosome was enriched as the most significant pathway at day 8. CIRBP, PSIP1, Sam68, and Decorin were validated and found to be consistent with the proteomic data, indicating the reliability of the proteomic profiles identified in this study. In summary, we suggest that the proteins identified in this study may play important roles in heat-induced spermatogenic impairment. Some of these proteins, such as CIRBP, PSIP1, Sam68, and Decorin, may be early molecular targets responsible for spermatogenesis suppression induced by heat treatment.
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35
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Kim J, Song H, Heo HR, Kim JW, Kim HR, Hong Y, Yang SR, Han SS, Lee SJ, Kim WJ, Hong SH. Cadmium-induced ER stress and inflammation are mediated through C/EBP-DDIT3 signaling in human bronchial epithelial cells. Exp Mol Med 2017; 49:e372. [PMID: 28860664 PMCID: PMC5628270 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2017.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a major component of cigarette smoke, disrupts the normal functions of airway cells and can lead to the development of various pulmonary diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the molecular mechanisms involved in Cd-induced pulmonary diseases are poorly understood. Here, we identified a cluster of genes that are altered in response to Cd exposure in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) and demonstrated that Cd-induced ER stress and inflammation are mediated via CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBP)-DNA-damaged-inducible transcript 3 (DDIT3) signaling in BEAS-2B cells. Cd treatment led to marked upregulation and downregulation of genes associated with the cell cycle, apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation as well as various signal transduction pathways. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that Cd treatment stimulated the C/EBP signaling pathway and induced transcriptional activation of its downstream target genes, including DDIT3. Suppression of DDIT3 expression using specific small interfering RNA effectively alleviated Cd-induced ER stress and inflammatory responses in both BEAS-2B and normal primary normal human bronchial epithelial cells. Taken together, these data suggest that C/EBP signaling may have a pivotal role in the early induction of ER stress and inflammatory responses by Cd exposure and could be a molecular target for Cd-induced pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeeyoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Haengseok Song
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Hye-Ryeon Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Jung Woon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Hye-Ryun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Yoonki Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Se-Ran Yang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Seon-Sook Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Seung-Joon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Woo Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Seok-Ho Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Environmental Health Center, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea
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Sulforaphane Prevents Angiotensin II-Induced Testicular Cell Death via Activation of NRF2. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:5374897. [PMID: 28191275 PMCID: PMC5278228 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5374897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Although angiotensin II (Ang II) was reported to facilitate sperm motility and intratesticular sperm transport, recent findings shed light on the efficacy of Ang II in stimulating inflammatory events in testicular peritubular cells, effect of which may play a role in male infertility. It is still unknown whether Ang II can induce testicular apoptotic cell death, which may be a more direct action of Ang II in male infertility. Therefore, the present study aims to determine whether Ang II can induce testicular apoptotic cell death and whether this action can be prevented by sulforaphane (SFN) via activating nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2), the governor of antioxidant-redox signalling. Eight-week-old male C57BL/6J wild type (WT) and Nrf2 gene knockout mice were treated with Ang II, in the presence or absence of SFN. In WT mice, SFN activated testicular NRF2 expression and function, along with a marked attenuation in Ang II-induced testicular oxidative stress, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and apoptotic cell death. Deletion of the Nrf2 gene led to a complete abolishment of these efficacies of SFN. The present study indicated that Ang II may result in testicular apoptotic cell death, which can be prevented by SFN via the activation of NRF2.
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37
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Epigenetic regulation of placental glucose transporters mediates maternal cadmium-induced fetal growth restriction. Toxicology 2016; 372:34-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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38
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l-Theanine attenuates cadmium-induced neurotoxicity through the inhibition of oxidative damage and tau hyperphosphorylation. Neurotoxicology 2016; 57:95-103. [PMID: 27649883 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) has long been known to induce neurological degenerative disorders. We studied effects of l-theanine, one of the major amino acid components in green tea, on Cd-induced brain injury in mice. Male ICR mice were intraperitoneally injected with l-theanine (100 or 200mg/kg/day) or saline and after one hour these mice were orally administrated with CdCl2 (3.75-6mg/kg). The treatment was conducted for 8 weeks. l-Theanine significantly reduced Cd level in the mouse brain and plasma. Cd-induced neuronal cell death in the mouse cortex and hippocampus were apparently inhibited by l-theanine treatment. l-Theanine also decreased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and ROS, and obviously elevated the levels of glutathione (GSH) and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the mouse brain. Hyperphosphorylation of tau protein is proposed to be an early event for the evolution of tau pathology, and may play an important role in Cd-induced neurodegeneration. Our results showed that l-theanine significantly suppressed Cd-induced tau protein hyperphosphorylation at Ser199, Ser202, and Ser396. Mechanism study showed that l-theanine inhibited the activation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) which contributed to the hyperphosphorylation of tau and Cd-induced cytotoxicity. Furthermore, l-theanine reduced Cd-induced cytotoxicity possibly by interfering with the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. In conclusion, our study indicated that l-theanine protected mice against Cd-induced neurotoxicity through reducing brain Cd level and relieved oxidative damage and tau hyperphosphorylation. Our foundings provide a novel insight into the potential use of l-theanine as prophylactic and therapeutic agents for Cd-induced neurodegenerative diseases.
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39
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Wang H, Liu L, Hu YF, Hao JH, Chen YH, Su PY, Yu Z, Fu L, Tao FB, Xu DX. Association of maternal serum cadmium level during pregnancy with risk of preterm birth in a Chinese population. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 216:851-857. [PMID: 27381872 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) was a developmental toxicant that induces fetal malformation and growth restriction in mice. However, epidemiological studies about the association of maternal serum Cd level with risk of preterm birth were limited. This study was to investigate whether maternal serum Cd level during pregnancy is associated with risk of preterm birth in a Chinese population. Total 3254 eligible mother-and-singleton-offspring pairs were recruited. Maternal serum Cd level was measured by GFAAS. Based on tertiles, maternal serum Cd concentration was classified as low (LCd, <0.65 μg/L), medium (MCd, 0.65-0.94 μg/L) and high (HCd, ≥0.95 μg/L). Odds ratio (OR) for preterm birth was estimated using multiple logistic regression models. Results showed the rate of preterm birth among LCd, M-Cd and HCd was 3.5%, 3.8%, and 9.4%, respectively. Subjects with HCd had a significantly higher risk for preterm birth (OR: 2.86; 95%CI: 1.95, 4.19; P < 0.001) than did those with LCd. Adjusted OR for preterm birth was 3.02 (95%CI: 2.02, 4.50; P < 0.001) among subjects with HCd compared to subjects with LCd. Taken together, the above results suggest that maternal serum Cd level during pregnancy is positively associated with risk of preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, China
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Yong-Fang Hu
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Jia-Hu Hao
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, China
| | - Yuan-Hua Chen
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, China
| | - Pu-Yu Su
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, China
| | - Zhen Yu
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Lin Fu
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Fang-Biao Tao
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, China.
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, China.
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40
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Wang H, Wang Y, Bo QL, Ji YL, Liu L, Hu YF, Chen YH, Zhang J, Zhao LL, Xu DX. Maternal cadmium exposure reduces placental zinc transport and induces fetal growth restriction in mice. Reprod Toxicol 2016; 63:174-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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41
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Erboga M, Kanter M, Aktas C, Bozdemir Donmez Y, Fidanol Erboga Z, Aktas E, Gurel A. Anti-Apoptotic and Anti-Oxidant Effects of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester on Cadmium-Induced Testicular Toxicity in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016; 171:176-84. [PMID: 26424218 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0509-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a serious environmental and occupational contaminant and may represent a serious health hazard to humans and other animals. Cd is reported to induce the generation of reactive oxygen species, and induces testicular damage in many species of animals. The goal of our study was to examine the anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidant effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on Cd-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis, and testicular injury in rats. A total of 40 male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: control, CAPE alone, Cd-treated, and Cd-treated with CAPE; each group consisted of 10 animals. To induce toxicity, Cd (1 mg/kg body weight) was dissolved in normal saline and subcutaneously injected into rats for 30 days. The rats in CAPE-treated group were given a daily dose of 10 μmol/kg body weight of CAPE by using intraperitoneal injection. This application was continued daily for a total of 30 days. To date, no examinations of the anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidant properties of CAPE on Cd-induced apoptosis, oxidative damage, and testicular injury in rat testes have been reported. CAPE-treated animals showed an improved histological appearance and serum testosterone levels in Cd-treated group. Our data indicate a significant reduction in the number of apoptotic cells in testis tissues of the Cd-treated group with CAPE treatment. Moreover, CAPE significantly suppressed lipid peroxidation, compensated deficits in the anti-oxidant defenses in testes tissue resulted from Cd administration. These findings suggest that the protective potential of CAPE in Cd toxicity might be due to its anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic properties, which could be useful for achieving optimum effects in Cd-induced testicular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Erboga
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Namik Kemal, Tekirdag, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Kanter
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Istanbul Medeniyet, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cevat Aktas
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Namik Kemal, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Yeliz Bozdemir Donmez
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Namik Kemal, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Fidanol Erboga
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Namik Kemal, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Emel Aktas
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Health High School, University of Karabuk, Karabuk, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Gurel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Namik Kemal, Tekirdag, Turkey
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Zhang G, Ling X, Liu K, Wang Z, Zou P, Gao J, Cao J, Ao L. The p-eIF2α/ATF4 pathway links endoplasmic reticulum stress to autophagy following the production of reactive oxygen species in mouse spermatocyte-derived cells exposed to dibutyl phthalate. Free Radic Res 2016; 50:698-707. [PMID: 27002192 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2016.1169403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is a widely used plasticizer that has been shown to induce germ cell apoptosis-related testicular atrophy and cause reproductive toxicity. Our previous results indicated that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-activated autophagy served as a self-defense mechanism against DBP-induced germ cell apoptosis. However, the specific pathways that link ER stress and autophagy remain unclear. Here, we showed that exposure to DBP enhanced autophagic flux in mouse spermatocyte-derived GC-2 cells and that the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2/activating transcription factor 4 pathway mediated ER stress-related autophagy independent of the mTOR and Beclin-1 pathways. Moreover, we demonstrated that DBP treatment led to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and that the inhibition of ROS by melatonin abrogated both ER stress and autophagy. The results indicated that excessive ROS production might be involved in DBP-induced ER stress and autophagy in GC-2 cells. Thus, ROS may serve as upstream mediators of ER stress and autophagy in DBP-treated GC-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Zhang
- a Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , P.R. China
| | - Xi Ling
- a Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , P.R. China
| | - Kaijun Liu
- a Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , P.R. China
| | - Zhi Wang
- a Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , P.R. China
| | - Peng Zou
- a Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , P.R. China
| | - Jianfang Gao
- a Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , P.R. China
| | - Jia Cao
- a Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , P.R. China
| | - Lin Ao
- a Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing , P.R. China
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Maternal serum cadmium level during pregnancy and its association with small for gestational age infants: a population-based birth cohort study. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22631. [PMID: 26934860 PMCID: PMC4776171 DOI: 10.1038/srep22631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between maternal cadmium (Cd) exposure during pregnancy and the increased risk of fetal growth restriction (FGR) remains controversial. The present study evaluated the association between maternal serum Cd level and risk of small for gestational age (SGA) infants in a Chinese population. The present study analyzed a subsample of the C-ABCS cohort that recruited 3254 eligible mother-and-singleton-offspring pairs. Maternal serum Cd level during pregnancy was measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The rate and odds ratio (OR) for SGA infant were calculated. The rate for SGA infant was 10.6% among subjects with H-Cd (≥1.06 μg/L), significantly higher than 7.5% among subjects with L-Cd (<1.06 μg/L). OR was 1.45 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.90; P = 0.007) among subjects with H-Cd. Adjusted OR for SGA infants was 1.43 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.88; P = 0.007) among subjects with H-Cd. Taken together, we observe the fact that maternal Cd exposure at middle gestational stage, elevates the risk of SGA in contrast to early gestational stage. The present results might be interesting and worth more discussing, and guarantee to further studies.
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LIU KS, PENG ZH, CHENG WJ, DAI CF, TONG H. Endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis in the development of reproduction. REPRODUCTION AND CONTRACEPTION 2016; 27:51-59. [PMID: 32288402 PMCID: PMC7129369 DOI: 10.7669/j.issn.1001-7844.2016.01.0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Proteins synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are properly folded with the assistance of ER chaperones. Accumulation of misfolded protein in the ER triggers an adaptive ER stress (ERS) response termed the unfolded protein response. Recent interest has focused on the possibility that the accumulation of misfolded proteins can also contribute to reproductive response, including preimplantation embryos, testicular germ cell, placenta, and unexplained intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). The major ERS pathway constituents are present at all stages of preimplantation development and that the activation of ERS pathways can be induced at the 8-cell, morula and blastocyst stage. This review mainly introduced the research progress of ERS induced apoptosis of reproductive cells, providing a new direction for the research of reproductive disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-sheng LIU
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zheng-hang PENG
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Weng-jun CHENG
- Department of Maternity and Child Health Care, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Chun-fan DAI
- Department of Obstetrical, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hua TONG
- Department of Scientific Research and Education, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing 210009, China
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45
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El-Ebiary AA, Elsharkawy RE, Soliman NA, Soliman MA, Hashem AA. N-acetylcysteine in Acute Organophosphorus Pesticide Poisoning: A Randomized, Clinical Trial. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2016; 119:222-7. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad A. El-Ebiary
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology; Faculty of Medicine; Tanta University; Tanta Egypt
| | - Rasha E. Elsharkawy
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology; Faculty of Medicine; Tanta University; Tanta Egypt
| | - Nema A. Soliman
- Department of Medical Biochemistry; Faculty of Medicine; Tanta University; Tanta Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed A. Hashem
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology; Faculty of Medicine; Tanta University; Tanta Egypt
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Different fixative methods influence histological morphology and TUNEL staining in mouse testes. Reprod Toxicol 2016; 60:53-61. [PMID: 26820454 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Society of Toxicologic Pathology has recommended mDF to fix testes since 2002. However, subsequent studies showed that false TUNEL-positive cells were observed in mDF-fixed testes. This study compared the effects of different fixation methods on histology and TUNEL staining in mouse testes. Results showed that fixation for 24 or 36h in mDF provided better morphologic details in untreated testes, but markedly enhanced false TUNEL-positive staining. To optimize the fixation, testes were fixed using mDF for 6h and then PFA for 18h. Interestingly, fixation using mDF/PFA manifested better morphologic details, and rarely caused false TUNEL-positive cells in testes. Finally, we examined germ cell apoptosis in testes using mDF/PFA fixation in cadmium-treated mice. As expected, cadmium triggered germ cell apoptosis which was well visualized in the mDF/PFA fixed testes. Taken together, mDF plus PFA fixation not only minimizes false TUNEL-positive cells, but also provides integrated morphologic details in testes.
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Zhang G, Liu K, Ling X, Wang Z, Zou P, Wang X, Gao J, Yin L, Zhang X, Liu J, Ao L, Cao J. DBP-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in male germ cells causes autophagy, which has a cytoprotective role against apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Toxicol Lett 2016; 245:86-98. [PMID: 26804720 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Recently, spermatogenic cell apoptosis was shown to play a key role in the induction of testicular atrophy by dibutyl phthalate (DBP), thus causing reproductive toxicology. However, the molecular events induced by DBP in apoptotic germ cells remain unclear. In the present study, the mouse spermatocyte-derived GC-2 cell line was exposed to different doses of DBP. We found that DBP induced marked apoptosis in GC-2 cells. The levels of the major endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers GRP-78, ATF-6, and p-EIF2α were elevated when GC-2 cells were exposed to 25 μM DBP and increased in a dose-dependent manner at higher concentrations. Furthermore, at a concentration that resulted in significant apoptosis (100 μM), CHOP, which plays a convergent role in ER stress-mediated apoptosis and is regulated by various upstream ER stress signals, was activated and partially contributed to the DBP-induced apoptosis. However, inhibition of ER stress by 4-PBA, a chemical with chaperone-like activities, augmented the GC-2 cell apoptosis induced by DBP. Further experiments demonstrated that DBP-induced ER stress additionally had a protective role, mediated through the activation of autophagy. These results were confirmed in prepubertal rat testis germ cells; DBP treatment significantly induced testicular atrophy, accompanied by apoptosis, ER stress, and autophagy. Inhibition of ER stress and autophagy significantly aggravated the DBP-induced damage to the germ cells and testes. Taken together, our data suggest that DBP-induced ER stress in germ cells has a cytoprotective effect that is mediated through autophagy activation. These findings provide novel clues regarding the molecular events involved in DBP-induced germ cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Zhang
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Kaijun Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Xi Ling
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Zhi Wang
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Peng Zou
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Jianfang Gao
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Li Yin
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Xi Zhang
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Jinyi Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Lin Ao
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Jia Cao
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
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Suzuki M, Bandoski C, Bartlett JD. Fluoride induces oxidative damage and SIRT1/autophagy through ROS-mediated JNK signaling. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 89:369-78. [PMID: 26431905 PMCID: PMC4684823 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fluoride is an effective caries prophylactic, but at high doses can also be an environmental health hazard. Acute or chronic exposure to high fluoride doses can result in dental enamel and skeletal and soft tissue fluorosis. Dental fluorosis is manifested as mottled, discolored, porous enamel that is susceptible to dental caries. Fluoride induces cell stress, including endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress, which leads to impairment of ameloblasts responsible for dental enamel formation. Recently we reported that fluoride activates SIRT1 and autophagy as an adaptive response to protect cells from stress. However, it still remains unclear how SIRT1/autophagy is regulated in dental fluorosis. In this study, we demonstrate that fluoride exposure generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the resulting oxidative damage is counteracted by SIRT1/autophagy induction through c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling in ameloblasts. In the mouse-ameloblast-derived cell line LS8, fluoride induced ROS, mitochondrial damage including cytochrome-c release, up-regulation of UCP2, attenuation of ATP synthesis, and H2AX phosphorylation (γH2AX), which is a marker of DNA damage. We evaluated the effects of the ROS inhibitor N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and the JNK inhibitor SP600125 on fluoride-induced SIRT1/autophagy activation. NAC decreased fluoride-induced ROS generation and attenuated JNK and c-Jun phosphorylation. NAC decreased SIRT1 phosphorylation and formation of the autophagy marker LC3II, which resulted in an increase in the apoptosis mediators γH2AX and cleaved/activated caspase-3. SP600125 attenuated fluoride-induced SIRT1 phosphorylation, indicating that fluoride activates SIRT1/autophagy via the ROS-mediated JNK pathway. In enamel organs from rats or mice treated with 50, 100, or 125 ppm fluoride for 6 weeks, cytochrome-c release and the DNA damage markers 8-oxoguanine, p-ATM, and γH2AX were increased compared to those in controls (0 ppm fluoride). These results suggest that fluoride-induced ROS generation causes mitochondrial damage and DNA damage, which may lead to impairment of ameloblast function. To counteract this impairment, SIRT1/autophagy is induced via JNK signaling to protect cells/ameloblasts from fluoride-induced oxidative damage that may cause dental fluorosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiko Suzuki
- Department of Mineralized Tissue Biology, The Forsyth Institute & Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA
| | - Cheryl Bandoski
- Department of Mineralized Tissue Biology, The Forsyth Institute & Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA
| | - John D Bartlett
- Department of Mineralized Tissue Biology, The Forsyth Institute & Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA.
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Feng D, Huang H, Yang Y, Yan T, Jin Y, Cheng X, Cui L. Ameliorative effects of N-acetylcysteine on fluoride-induced oxidative stress and DNA damage in male rats’ testis. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2015; 792:35-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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50
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Liu L, Yang B, Cheng Y, Lin H. Ameliorative Effects of Selenium on Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Stress and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in the Chicken Kidney. Biol Trace Elem Res 2015; 167:308-19. [PMID: 25805271 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0314-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The harmful influences of dietary cadmium (Cd) on the chicken kidney and the protective role of selenium (Se) against Cd-induced nephrotoxicity in the chicken are relatively unexplored subjects. The aim of this study was to investigate the ameliorative role of Se on the effects of Cd-induced oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and apoptosis in chicken kidneys. For this study, 100-day-old chickens received Se (as 10 mg Na2SeO3/kg dry weight of diet), Cd (as 150 mg CdCl2/kg dry weight of diet), or Cd + Se in their diets for 60 days. Then, the histopathological changes, Cd and Se contents, levels of oxidative stress, inducible nitric oxide synthase-nitric oxide (iNOS-NO) system activity, levels of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, results of the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay of apoptosis, and expression levels of Bcl-2 and caspase 3 in the kidney were examined. The results showed that Cd exposure caused histopathological and ultrastructural damage and apoptosis of the kidneys. Cd administration significantly increased the accumulation of Cd, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content, NO production, iNOS activity, iNOS expression levels, expression levels of ER stress-related genes (GRP78, GRP94, ATF4, ATF6, and IRE) and the pro-apoptosis gene caspase 3, and the rate of apoptosis. Cd administration markedly decreased the Se content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, and anti-apoptosis gene Bcl-2 expression levels. Co-treatment with Se and Cd obviously reduced the accumulation of Cd, Cd-induced histopathological and ultrastructural changes, oxidative stress, iNOS-NO system activity, ER stress, caspase 3 expression levels, and the rate of apoptosis in the kidneys. These results suggested that Cd exposure caused renal injury and that Se ameliorated Cd-induced nephrotoxicity in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
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