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Tsai MH, Coughlin SS. Investigating the role of county-level colorectal cancer screening rates on stage at diagnosis of colorectal cancer in rural Georgia. Cancer Causes Control 2024; 35:1123-1131. [PMID: 38587569 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-024-01874-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine the impact of county-level colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates on stage at diagnosis of CRC and identify factors associated with stage at diagnosis across different levels of screening rates in rural Georgia. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis utilizing data from 2004 to 2010 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. The 2013 United States Department of Agriculture rural-urban continuum codes were used to identify rural Georgia counties. The 2004-2010 National Cancer Institute small area estimates for screening behaviors were applied to link county-level CRC screening rates. Descriptive statistics and multinominal logistic regressions were performed. RESULTS Among 4,839 CRC patients, most patients diagnosed with localized CRC lived in low screening areas; however, many diagnosed with regionalized and distant CRC lived in high screening areas (p-value = 0.009). In multivariable analysis, rural patients living in high screening areas were 1.2-fold more likely to be diagnosed at a regionalized and distant stage of CRC (both p-value < 0.05). When examining the factors associated with stage at presentation, Black patients who lived in low screening areas were 36% more likely to be diagnosed with distant diseases compared to White patients (95% CI, 1.08-1.71). Among those living in high screening areas, patients with right-sided CRC were 38% more likely to have regionalized disease (95% CI, 1.09-1.74). CONCLUSION Patients living in high screening areas were more likely to have a later stage of CRC in rural Georgia. IMPACT Allocating CRC screening/treatment resources and improving CRC risk awareness should be prioritized for rural patients in Georgia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Han Tsai
- Cancer Prevention, Control, & Population Health Program, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, HS-1705, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
| | - Steven S Coughlin
- Department of Biostatistics, Data Science and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
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Braizat O, Jarrar S, El-Debs M, Al-Adwan MAO, Syaj S, Abuzanouneh F, Mohammed M, Mohammedali S, Quazi SJ, Muneer M. Comparing Different Donor Sites After Vascularized Lymph Node Transfer to the Lymphedematous Upper Limb: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Clinical Outcomes. Ann Plast Surg 2024; 93:130-138. [PMID: 38885169 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000003918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT) involves the microvascular transplantation of functional lymph nodes from a donor site into a limb affected by lymphedema to restore the normal flow of lymphatic fluid. Despite the increasing clinical experience with VLNT, there remains insufficient data to support its routine use in clinical practice. Here, we aim to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of VLNTs for upper limb lymphedema and compare clinical outcomes when using different donor sites. METHODS We carried out a systematic search of the literature through PubMed and Scopus databases for studies on VLNT for upper limb lymphedema. Primary and secondary outcomes included circumference reduction rate (CRR) and infection reduction rate by postoperative cellulitis episodes for the efficacy and safety of VLNT. Pooled analysis was performed using the inverse variance weighting meta-analysis of single means using the meta package in R software. Subgroup analyses were performed for donor and recipient sites, age groups, follow-ups, and symptom durations. Quality assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for nonrandomized studies. RESULTS A total of 1089 studies were retrieved from the literature, and 15 studies with 448 upper limb lymphedema patients who underwent VLNT were included after eligibility assessment. The mean CRR was 34.6 (18.8) and the mean postoperative cellulitis episodes per year was 0.71 (0.7). The pooled analysis of CRR was 28.4% (95% confidence interval, 19.7-41.1) and postoperative cellulitis episodes showed a mean of 0.59 (95% confidence interval, 0.36-0.95) using the random-effect model. Subgroup analyses showed significant group differences in recipient site for CRR and postoperative cellulitis episodes with the wrist comprising the highest weights, and patients younger than 50 years showing a lower postoperative infection. CONCLUSIONS Vascularized lymph node transfer using gastroepiploic flaps at the wrists has shown a significant difference in reductions of limb circumference and cellulitis episodes in upper limb lymphedema patients when compared with other donor sites. However, further prospective studies are needed to consolidate this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Braizat
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Salma Jarrar
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammed El-Debs
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Sebawe Syaj
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Faris Abuzanouneh
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mazin Mohammed
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shiyas Mohammedali
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sohail Jamiluddin Quazi
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammed Muneer
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
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Ghate SV, Bennett DL, Malak SF, Chen LE, Mogil LB, Shah R, Eby PR. Feasibility of Prospective Assignment of Initial Method of Detection of Breast Cancer: A Multicenter Pilot Study. J Am Coll Radiol 2024; 21:1001-1009. [PMID: 38360129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2024.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the feasibility of standardized, prospective assignment of initial method of detection (MOD) of breast cancer by radiologists in diverse practice settings. METHODS This multicenter, retrospective study analyzed the rate of assignment of MOD in four geographically varied health systems. A universal protocol for basic MOD assignment was agreed upon by the authors before start of the pilot study. Radiologists at each site were instructed how to assign MOD. Charts were then reviewed to determine the frequency and accuracy of MOD assignment for all cases subsequently diagnosed with breast cancer. When available, data regarding frequency of tumor registry abstraction were also reviewed for frequency and accuracy. RESULTS A total of 2,328 patients with a new diagnosis of breast cancer were evaluated across the sites over the study period. Of these patients, initial MOD was prospectively assigned by the radiologist in 94% of cases. Of the cases in which MOD was assigned, retrospective review confirmed accurate assignment in 96% of cases. CONCLUSIONS Prospective, standardized assignment of initial MOD of breast cancer is feasible across different practice sites and can be accurately captured in tumor registries. Standard collection of MOD would provide critical data about the impact of screening mammography in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujata V Ghate
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; Vice Chair, Screening and Emerging Technology Committee of ACR Breast Commission; Member, ACR Ultrasound Commission; Councilor and Secretary/Treasurer, NC Radiological Society; and Member, Society of Breast Imaging CME Committee.
| | - Debbie L Bennett
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri; and Member, Screening and Emerging Technology Committee of ACR Breast Commission, Division Chief of Breast Imaging
| | - Sharp F Malak
- St Bernards Healthcare, Jonesboro, Arkansas; and Member, Screening and Emerging Technology Committee of ACR Breast Commission
| | - Linda E Chen
- Department of Radiology, Virginia Mason Franciscan Health, Seattle, Washington
| | - Lisa B Mogil
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Risha Shah
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Peter R Eby
- Section Head, Breast Imaging, Department of Radiology, Virginia Mason Franciscan Health, Seattle, Washington; Chair, Screening and Emerging Technology Committee of ACR Breast Commission; Chair, Auditing and Outcomes Monitoring section for the ACR BI-RADS Atlas Committee; Councilor and Secretary, Washington State Radiological Society; and Board Member, Society of Breast Imaging
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Bradley SH, Jones D, Wood S, Rafiq M, Bradley C, Hamilton WT. Diagnosing cancer in English community pharmacies. BMJ 2024; 385:e077087. [PMID: 38740425 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2023-077087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Jones
- Academic Unit of Primary Care, University of Leeds, UK
- North Cumbria Integrated Care NHS Foundation Trust, Carlisle, UK
| | - Su Wood
- Academic Unit of Primary Care, University of Leeds, UK
| | - Meena Rafiq
- Centre for Cancer Research and Department of General Practice, University of Melbourne, Australia
- Epidemiology of Cancer and Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) group, University College London, UK
| | | | - William T Hamilton
- Department of Health and Community Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, UK
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Grønnemose RB, Hansen PS, Worsøe Laursen S, Gerke O, Kjellberg J, Lykkegaard J, Thye-Rønn C, Høilund-Carlsen PF, Thye-Rønn P. Risk of cancer and serious disease in Danish patients with urgent referral for serious non-specific symptoms and signs of cancer in Funen 2014-2021. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:1304-1315. [PMID: 38409600 PMCID: PMC11014902 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02620-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2011, as the first European country, Denmark introduced the non-organ-specific cancer patient pathway (CPP) for patients presenting with non-specific symptoms and signs of cancer (NSSC). The proportion of patients with cancer over time is unknown. METHODS A retrospective cohort study of all patients with a NSSC-CPP investigational course in the province of Funen to the Diagnostic Centre in Svendborg from 2014 to 2021 was performed to evaluate the proportion of patients with cancer and serious disease over time. RESULTS A total of 6698 patients were referred to the NSSC-CPP of which 20.2% had cancer. While the crude referral rate increased from 114 per 100,000 people in 2014 and stabilised to around 214 in 2017-2021, the cancer detection rate of the total yearly new cancers in Funen diagnosed through the NSSC-CPP in DC Svendborg increased from 3 to 6%. CONCLUSIONS With now high and stable conversion and crude referral rates, the NSSC-CPP is one of the largest CPPs in Denmark as measured by the number of new cancer cases found. Similar urgent referral programmes in other countries might fill an unmet medical need for patients presenting with serious non-specific symptoms and signs of cancer in general practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Per Syrak Hansen
- Diagnostic Centre, Svendborg Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Svendborg, Denmark
| | | | - Oke Gerke
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jakob Kjellberg
- VIVE, The Danish Centre for Social Science Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Lykkegaard
- Research Unit of General Practice, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Clara Thye-Rønn
- Diagnostic Centre, Svendborg Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Svendborg, Denmark
| | | | - Peter Thye-Rønn
- Diagnostic Centre, Svendborg Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Svendborg, Denmark.
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Igbokwe KK. Comparative examination of breast cancer burden in sub-Saharan Africa, 1990-2019: estimates from Global Burden of Disease 2019 study. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e082492. [PMID: 38553071 PMCID: PMC10982725 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In view of the widening gap in survival data between high-income and low-income countries, this study aimed to evaluate the most up-to-date burden of female breast cancer and analyse the leading risk factors in countries and regions in sub-Saharan Africa. DESIGN An analysis of Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data. SETTING The data of incidences, deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and age-standardised rates (ASR) were retrieved from GBD Results Tool (1 January 1990─31 December 2019) covering 4 sub-Saharan African regions and 44 countries. The burden estimable to the risk factors of breast cancer was also estimated. All estimates were presented as counts and ASR per 100 000 population. PARTICIPANTS Participants included patients with female breast cancer. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Absolute numbers and ASR/estimates of incidence, deaths and DALY of female breast cancer by location in 1990 and 2019, with their percentage changes from 1990 to 2019. The leading risk factors (eg, alcohol consumption) of breast cancer in sub-Saharan Africa. RESULTS In sub-Saharan Africa, the incidences of breast cancer increased by 247% in 2019 from 1990, with the highest incidence recorded in Nigeria. The deaths and DALYs of breast cancer increased by 184% and 178%, respectively. From 1990 to 2019, the mortality ASR and DALY ASR increased throughout the region, mostly in Equatorial and Gabon. With varying trends between countries, alcohol consumption and high fasting plasma glucose were noted to be significant contributors to breast cancer deaths between 1990 and 2019. CONCLUSION The results show the increasing burden of breast cancer in sub-Saharan Africa and provide valuable information on the trends of breast cancer and the risk factors attributable to breast cancer across sociodemographic index, region and country. These findings may inform health policies and improve the rational allocation of health resources.
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Schumann L, Hadwiger M, Eisemann N, Katalinic A. Lead-Time Corrected Effect on Breast Cancer Survival in Germany by Mode of Detection. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1326. [PMID: 38611004 PMCID: PMC11010975 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16071326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Screen-detected breast cancer patients tend to have better survival than patients diagnosed with symptomatic cancer. The main driver of improved survival in screen-detected cancer is detection at earlier stage. An important bias is introduced by lead time, i.e., the time span by which the diagnosis has been advanced by screening. We examine whether there is a remaining survival difference that could be attributable to mode of detection, for example, because of higher quality of care. (2) Methods: Women with a breast cancer (BC) diagnosis in 2000-2022 were included from a population-based cancer registry from Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, which also registers the mode of cancer detection. Mammography screening was available from 2005 onwards. We compared the survival for BC detected by screening with symptomatic BC detection using Kaplan-Meier, unadjusted Cox regressions, and Cox regressions adjusted for age, grading, and UICC stage. Correction for lead time bias was carried out by assuming an exponential distribution of the period during which the tumor is asymptomatic but screen-detectable (sojourn time). We used a common estimate and two recently published estimates of sojourn times. (3) Results: The analysis included 32,169 women. Survival for symptomatic BC was lower than for screen-detected BC (hazard ratio (HR): 0.23, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.21-0.25). Adjustment for prognostic factors and lead time bias with the commonly used sojourn time resulted in an HR of 0.84 (CI: 0.75-0.94). Using different sojourn times resulted in an HR of 0.73 to 0.90. (4) Conclusions: Survival for symptomatic BC was only one quarter of screen-detected tumors, which is obviously biased. After adjustment for lead-time bias and prognostic variables, including UICC stage, survival was 27% to 10% better for screen-detected BC, which might be attributed to BC screening. Although this result fits quite well with published results for other countries with BC screening, further sources for residual confounding (e.g., self-selection) cannot be ruled out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Schumann
- Institute of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany (N.E.); (A.K.)
| | - Moritz Hadwiger
- Institute of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany (N.E.); (A.K.)
| | - Nora Eisemann
- Institute of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany (N.E.); (A.K.)
| | - Alexander Katalinic
- Institute of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany (N.E.); (A.K.)
- Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
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Kim S, Oh J, Park C, Kim M, Jo W, Kim CS, Cho SW, Park J. FAM3C in Cancer-Associated Adipocytes Promotes Breast Cancer Cell Survival and Metastasis. Cancer Res 2024; 84:545-559. [PMID: 38117489 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-1641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue within the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in supporting breast cancer progression. In this study, we identified FAM3 metabolism-regulating signaling molecule C (FAM3C) produced by cancer-associated adipocytes (CAA) as a key regulator of tumor progression. FAM3C overexpression in cultured adipocytes significantly reduced cell death in both adipocytes and cocultured breast cancer cells while suppressing markers of fibrosis. Conversely, FAM3C depletion in CAAs resulted in adipocyte-mesenchymal transition (AMT) and increased fibrosis within the TME. Adipocyte FAM3C expression was driven by TGFβ signaling from breast cancer cells and was reduced upon treatment with a TGFβ-neutralizing antibody. FAM3C knockdown in CAAs early in tumorigenesis in a genetically engineered mouse model of breast cancer significantly inhibited primary and metastatic tumor growth. Circulating FAM3C levels were elevated in patients with metastatic breast cancer compared with those with nonmetastatic breast cancer. These results suggest that therapeutic inhibition of FAM3C expression levels in CAAs during early tumor development could be a promising approach in the treatment of patients with breast cancer. SIGNIFICANCE High FAM3C levels in cancer-associated adipocytes contribute to tumor-supportive niches and are tightly associated with metastatic growth, indicating that FAM3C inhibition could be beneficial for treating patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahee Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Oh
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanho Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Woobeen Jo
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chu-Sook Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Wook Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
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Dy A, Nguyen NNJ, Meyer J, Dawe M, Shi W, Androutsos D, Fyles A, Liu FF, Done S, Khademi A. AI improves accuracy, agreement and efficiency of pathologists for Ki67 assessments in breast cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1283. [PMID: 38218973 PMCID: PMC10787826 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51723-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The Ki-67 proliferation index (PI) guides treatment decisions in breast cancer but suffers from poor inter-rater reproducibility. Although AI tools have been designed for Ki-67 assessment, their impact on pathologists' work remains understudied. 90 international pathologists were recruited to assess the Ki-67 PI of ten breast cancer tissue microarrays with and without AI. Accuracy, agreement, and turnaround time with and without AI were compared. Pathologists' perspectives on AI were collected. Using AI led to a significant decrease in PI error (2.1% with AI vs. 5.9% without AI, p < 0.001), better inter-rater agreement (ICC: 0.70 vs. 0.92; Krippendorff's α: 0.63 vs. 0.89; Fleiss' Kappa: 0.40 vs. 0.86), and an 11.9% overall median reduction in turnaround time. Most pathologists (84%) found the AI reliable. For Ki-67 assessments, 76% of respondents believed AI enhances accuracy, 82% said it improves consistency, and 83% trust it will improve efficiency. This study highlights AI's potential to standardize Ki-67 scoring, especially between 5 and 30% PI-a range with low PI agreement. This could pave the way for a universally accepted PI score to guide treatment decisions, emphasizing the promising role of AI integration into pathologist workflows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Dy
- Electrical, Computer, and Biomedical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | | | - Julien Meyer
- School of Health Services Management, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Melanie Dawe
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Wei Shi
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dimitri Androutsos
- Electrical, Computer, and Biomedical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anthony Fyles
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fei-Fei Liu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Susan Done
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - April Khademi
- Electrical, Computer, and Biomedical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science Tech (iBEST), A Partnership Between St. Michael's Hospital and Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Nahhat F, Doyya M, Zabad K, Laban TA, Najjar H, Saifo M, Badin F. Breast cancer quality of care in Syria: screening, diagnosis, and staging. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1234. [PMID: 38097985 PMCID: PMC10722692 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11740-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Syrian decade-long war has severely affected the healthcare system, including almost vanishing cancer screening practices, war-destroyed medical facilities, and lack of continuous medical education. This study aims to present data on the affected breast cancer screening practices, methods of diagnosis, and stages distribution in Syria. METHODS Medical charts of breast cancer patients treated at Albairouni University Hospital between January 2019 and May 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Eligible patients were women diagnosed with primary breast cancer. Exclusion criteria included females receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy and incomplete charts. Data regarding the patient's age, city of residence, marital status, number of children, smoking habits, method of diagnosis, tumor size (T), lymph nodes (N), and distal metastasis (M) were collected. We used Microsoft Excel and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) to analyze data. Descriptive methodology (frequency [n], percentage) was used. RESULTS The number of charts reviewed was 4,500. The number of remaining charts after applying the exclusion criteria was 2,367. The mean age was 51.8 (SD = 11.3). More than half of the patients (58.3%) came from outside Damascus -where the hospital is located- and its suburbs. Less than 5% of the population detected cancer by screening mammography. Only 32.4% of patients were diagnosed by a biopsy, while surgical procedures (lumpectomy and mastectomy) were used to diagnose 64.8% of the population. At the time of diagnosis, only 8% of patients presented with local-stage disease (stages 0 & I), 73% had a regional disease (stages II & III), and 19% had metastatic breast cancer (stage IV). CONCLUSION Our retrospective chart review analysis is the first comprehensive review in Syria for female breast cancer patients. We found a significant low percentage of patients diagnosed based on a screening mammogram, much higher surgical biopsies rather than a simple imaging-guided biopsy, and much lower than the national average of early-stage disease. Our alarming findings can serve as the base for future strategies to raise the population's health awareness, create more serious national screening campaigns, and adopt a multidisciplinary approach to the disease in Syria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouad Nahhat
- Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic.
| | - Modar Doyya
- Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Kareem Zabad
- Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Tarek Abo Laban
- Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Hasan Najjar
- Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Maher Saifo
- Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Firas Badin
- Medical Director for Oncology Research, Baptist Health Lexington, Lexington, KY, USA
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Mattar A, Hegg R, Tayar DO, Rocha M, Terzian ALB, Oliveira RW, Julian GS, Gebrim LH. Prognostic Factors and Survival Outcomes of Patients With Early HER2+ Breast Cancer Treated With Trastuzumab in a Brazilian Public Reference Center: A Real-World Study. Clin Breast Cancer 2023; 23:864-875.e7. [PMID: 37802752 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2023.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Trastuzumab was introduced into the Brazilian public health care service for early breast cancer (BC) in 2012. This study describes the survival outcomes and prognostic factors related to early HER2+ BC treatment in a Brazilian reference cancer center. PATIENTS AND METHODS This were a retrospective, single-center, observational study of early HER2+ BC patients treated with trastuzumab in the (neo)adjuvant setting between 2012 and 2018 at Hospital Pérola Byington. Demographic, clinical, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) data were evaluated. Multivariate analysis was performed to assess independent prognostic factors. RESULTS One hundred seventy-six and 353 patients treated in the neoadjuvant and adjuvant setting were included, respectively. The 3- and 5-year OS rates were 79% and 56% for the neoadjuvant group and 97% and 92% for the adjuvant group, respectively. Node positivity at diagnosis predicted poor OS for both groups. In the neoadjuvant group, stage III disease at diagnosis, delayed surgery, and lack of pathological complete response (pCR) predicted poor prognosis. The 3- and 5-year DFS rates were 67% and 46% in the neoadjuvant group and 91% and 86% in the adjuvant group, respectively. Histological grade 2, stage III disease at diagnosis, and lack of pCR predicted poor DFS for the neoadjuvant group. For the adjuvant group, node positivity at diagnosis predicted poor DFS. CONCLUSION Our results reveal multiple clinical parameters affecting survival outcomes according to the treatment setting. Patients treated with neoadjuvant therapy have a poor prognosis since they present with more advanced disease, indicating the importance of early diagnosis and optimized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Mattar
- Hospital Pérola Byington, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Hospital da Mulher, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Oncoclínicas São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Daiane O Tayar
- Roche Brazil, Rua Dr Rubens Gomes Bueno, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Rocha
- Roche Brazil, Rua Dr Rubens Gomes Bueno, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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12
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Sharma R. Temporal patterns of breast cancer incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years and risk factors in 12 South American Countries, 1990-2019: an examination using estimates from the global burden of disease 2019 study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023; 202:529-540. [PMID: 37717225 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-07075-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Breast cancer (BC) is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths in females in South America. This study aims to examine the BC burden in 12 South American countries between 1990 and 2019. DATA AND METHODS The estimates of BC burden and risk factors were procured from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study for the period 1990-2019. Development levels of countries were gauged using socio-demographic index (SDI). Decomposition analysis was employed to categorize the change in incidence between 1990 and 2019 into three factors: population growth, population aging and age-specific incidence rate. Estimated annual percent changes were calculated for each country and bivariate association between country-level age-standardized rates and SDI was examined using pooled regression. RESULTS The age-standardized rates of breast cancer were the highest in Uruguay [incidence: 72.65 per 100,000 (55.79-92.57); mortality: 29.97 per 100,000 (27.54-32.27); disability-adjusted life years (DALYs: 810.49 per 100,000 (746.22-884.55)] and lowest in Peru [incidence: 27.63 per 100,000 (20.44-36.85); mortality: 10.79 per 100,000 (8.14-14.11); DALYs: 318.27 per 100,000 (234.47-421.16)]. Mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) across countries varied from 0.30 in Colombia to 0.55 in Bolivia in 2019. SDI had a positive and strong association with age-standardized incidence rate [Formula: see text] and weaker positive association with age-standardized mortality rate [Formula: see text] and age-standardized DALYs rate [Formula: see text]. Most countries experienced more than 70% increase in incident cases owing to population aging and age-specific incidence rates. Alcohol Use, diet high in red meat and smoking contributed the maximum DALYs in most countries in 2019 whereas DALYs due to high body-mass index and high fasting plasma glucose increased most substantially between 1990 and 2019. CONCLUSION With increasing incidence, high MIR and rising BC burden due to modifiable risk factors, several public health interventions are required in South America focusing on prevention, BC awareness among general public, cost-effective early detection and treatments that suit the socio-economic setup of South American countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Sharma
- Humanties and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra, Kurukshetra, India.
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13
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Wilding M, Fleming J, Moore K, Crook A, Reddy R, Choi S, Schlub TE, Field M, Thiyagarajan L, Thompson J, Berman Y. Clinical and imaging modality factors impacting radiological interpretation of breast screening in young women with neurofibromatosis type 1. Fam Cancer 2023; 22:499-511. [PMID: 37335380 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-023-00340-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Young women with Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) have a high risk of developing breast cancer and poorer survival following breast cancer diagnosis. International guidelines recommend commencing breast screening between 30 and 35 years; however, the optimal screening modality is unestablished, and previous reports suggest that breast imaging may be complicated by the presence of intramammary and cutaneous neurofibromas (cNFs). The aim of this study was to explore potential barriers to implementation of breast screening for young women with NF1.Twenty-seven women (30-47 years) with NF1 completed breast screening with breast MRI, mammogram and breast ultrasound. Nineteen probably benign/suspicious lesions were detected across 14 women. Despite the presence of breast cNFs, initial biopsy rate for participants with NF1 (37%), were comparable to a BRCA pathogenic variant (PV) cohort (25%) (P = 0.311). No cancers or intramammary neurofibromas were identified. Most participants (89%) returned for second round screening.The presence of cNF did not affect clinician confidence in 3D mammogram interpretation, although increasing breast density, frequently seen in young women, impeded confidence for 2D and 3D mammogram. Moderate or marked background parenchymal enhancement on MRI was higher in the NF1 cohort (70.4%) than BRCA PV carriers (47.3%), which is an independent risk factor for breast cancer.Breast MRI was the preferred mode of screening over mammogram, as the majority (85%) with NF1 demonstrated breast density (BI-RADS 3C/4D), which hinders mammogram interpretation. For those with high breast density and high cNF breast coverage, 3D rather than 2D mammogram is preferred, if MRI is unavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilda Wilding
- NSLHD Familial Cancer Service, Department of Cancer Services, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Jane Fleming
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Katrina Moore
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ashley Crook
- NSLHD Familial Cancer Service, Department of Cancer Services, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ranjani Reddy
- North Shore Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Pacific Highway, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sarah Choi
- North Shore Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Pacific Highway, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Timothy E Schlub
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Field
- NSLHD Familial Cancer Service, Department of Cancer Services, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lavvina Thiyagarajan
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jeff Thompson
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yemima Berman
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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14
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Mosquera I, Barajas CB, Zhang L, Lucas E, Benitez Majano S, Maza M, Luciani S, Basu P, Carvalho AL. Assessment of organization of cervical and breast cancer screening programmes in the Latin American and the Caribbean states: The CanScreen5 framework. Cancer Med 2023; 12:19935-19948. [PMID: 37768035 PMCID: PMC10587918 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC), breast cancer and cervical cancer are the first and third causes of cancer death among females. The objectives are to assess the characteristics of the cervical and breast cancer screening programmes in CELAC, their level of organization, and the association of screening organization and coverage of essential health services. METHODS Representatives of the Ministries of Health of 33 countries were invited to the CanScreen5 project. Twenty-seven countries participated in a "Train The Trainers" programme on cancer screening, and 26 submitted data using standardized questionnaires. Data were discussed and validated. The level of organization of the screening programmes was examined adapting the list of essential elements of organized screening programmes identified in a recently published IARC study. RESULTS Twenty-one countries reported a screening programme for cervical cancer and 15 for breast cancer. For cervical cancer, 14 countries dedicated budget for screening (66.7%), and women had to pay in 3 countries for screening (14.3%), 9 for diagnosis (42.9%) and 8 for treatment (38.1%). Only 4 countries had a system to invite women individually (19.0%). For breast cancer, 8 countries dedicated budget for screening (53.3%), and women had to pay for screening in 3 countries (20.0%), diagnosis in 7 (46.7%) and treatment in 6 (40.0%). One country (6.7%) invited women individually. There was variability in the level of organization of both cancer screening programmes. The level of organization of cervical cancer screening and coverage of essential health services were correlated. CONCLUSION Large gaps were identified in the organization of cervical and breast cancer screening services. CELAC governments need pragmatic public health policies and strengthened health systems. They should guarantee sustainable funding, and universal access to cancer diagnosis and treatment. Moreover, countries should enhance their health information system and ensure adequate monitoring and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Mosquera
- Early Detection, Prevention & Infections BranchInternational Agency for Research on CancerLyonFrance
| | | | - Li Zhang
- Early Detection, Prevention & Infections BranchInternational Agency for Research on CancerLyonFrance
| | - Eric Lucas
- Early Detection, Prevention & Infections BranchInternational Agency for Research on CancerLyonFrance
| | - Sara Benitez Majano
- Pan American Health OrganizationWashingtonDCUSA
- Inequalities in Cancer Outcomes NetworkLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK
| | | | | | - Partha Basu
- Early Detection, Prevention & Infections BranchInternational Agency for Research on CancerLyonFrance
| | - Andre L. Carvalho
- Early Detection, Prevention & Infections BranchInternational Agency for Research on CancerLyonFrance
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15
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Prihantono, Faruk M. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy response, disease-free survival, and overall survival of breast cancer in a single institution. Surg Open Sci 2023; 15:19-25. [PMID: 37592933 PMCID: PMC10428064 DOI: 10.1016/j.sopen.2023.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women worldwide. Previous studies have shown factors influencing breast cancer patients' survival, including histopathological grading, stage, histopathological type, hormone receptors, and the number of mitotic images. This study aimed to determine the survival rate in breast cancer patients based on neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) response and regimen. Methods This was an observational analytic study with a retrospective design. The population was breast cancer patients at our institution who had undergone NAC. Kaplan-Meier analysis using the log-rank method was used to determine the level of survivability (overall survival [OS] and disease-free survival [DFS]) of patients based on chemotherapy response and regimen. Results The NAC overall response rate of breast cancer patients was 93.17 %, whereas the non-response rate was 6.83 %. Significant differences existed in the DFS of patients by chemotherapy response (p = 0.010). Patients with a complete response had a mean survival of 71.37 ± 2.92 months, those with progressive disease had a mean survival of 64.80 ± 15.58 months, and overall patients had a mean survival of 68.56 ± 10.452 months. Patients with a complete response had a mean recurrence time of 69.54 ± 7.48 months; this was 57.53 ± 19.06 months in those with progressive disease, for an overall time of 65.41 ± 13.81 months. No significant difference existed between the NAC regimens in OS and DFS (p = 0.901 and p = 0.798, respectively). Conclusion Generally, the response to NAC in breast cancer was very good. The DFS rates were significantly different from the chemotherapy response but not from the NAC regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prihantono
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Faruk
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia
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16
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Zitricky F, Försti A, Hemminki A, Hemminki K. Conditional survival in breast cancer up to 10 years in the Nordic countries. Cancer Med 2023; 12:17945-17951. [PMID: 37578395 PMCID: PMC10524006 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Survival in breast cancer (BC) has developed favorably but late recurrences are still a problem. METHODS We model survival data from the NORDCAN database and analyze 1-, 5-, and 10-year relative survival and 5/1- and 10/5-year conditional survival in BC from Denmark (DK), Finland (FI), Norway (NO), and Sweden (SE) between 1971 and 2020. Conditional survival measures survival in those who had survived year 1 to reach year 5 (5/1), or in those who had survived year 5 to reach year 10 (10/5). RESULTS Almost all survival metrics were best for SE but survival in all countries improved in the course of time approaching the SE levels which were 98.3% for 1-year, 92.3% for 5-year, and 87.8% for 10-year survival. Conditional 10/5-year survival, covering 5 years, was better than 5/1-year survival, covering 4 years. A contributing factor is most likely the high rate of recurrence in period 2-5 years. The difference was observed for all countries but for DK 10/5-year survival approached 1-year survival and for NO and SE 10/5-year survival was only barely better than 5/1-year survival. The explanation to this was the excellent 10/5-year survival in DK compared to SE and particularly to NO. Literature search suggested that the reason for the relatively low 10/5-year survival in NO might be stagnant survival development in old patients. CONCLUSIONS We assume that late mortality is critically limiting survival in BC and either interference with the late metastatic process or effective treatment will be key to future improvements in BC survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frantisek Zitricky
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of MedicineCharles University PilsenPilsenCzech Republic
| | - Asta Försti
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ)HeidelbergGermany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Akseli Hemminki
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research ProgramUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- Comprehensive Cancer CenterHelsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
| | - Kari Hemminki
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of MedicineCharles University PilsenPilsenCzech Republic
- Division of Cancer EpidemiologyGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
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17
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Fu R, Sun K, Wang X, Liu B, Wang T, Morze J, Nawrocki S, An L, Zhang S, Li L, Wang S, Chen R, Sun K, Han B, Lin H, Wang H, Liu D, Wang Y, Li Y, Zhang Q, Mu H, Geng Q, Sun F, Zhao H, Zhang X, Lu L, Mei D, Zeng H, Wei W. Survival differences between the USA and an urban population from China for all cancer types and 20 individual cancers: a population-based study. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2023; 37:100799. [PMID: 37693879 PMCID: PMC10485681 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Background The systematic comparison of cancer survival between China and the USA is rare. Here we aimed to assess the magnitude of survival disparities and disentangle the impact of the stage at diagnosis between a Chinese metropolitan city and the USA on cancer survival. Methods We included 11,046 newly diagnosed cancer patients in Dalian Cancer Registry, China, 2015, with the follow-up data for vital status until December 2020. We estimated age-standardised 5-year relative survival and quantified the excess hazard ratio (EHR) of death using generalised linear models for all cancers and 20 individual cancers. We compared these estimates with 17 cancer registries' data from the USA, using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. We further estimated the stage-specific survival for five major cancers by region. Findings Age-standardised 5-year relative survival for all patients in Dalian was lower than that in the USA (49.9% vs 67.9%). By cancer types, twelve cancers with poorer prognosis were observed in Dalian compared to the USA, with the largest gap seen in prostate cancer (Dalian: 55.8% vs USA: 96.0%). However, Dalian had a better survival for lung cancer, cervical cancer, and bladder cancer. Dalian patients had a lower percentage of stage Ⅰ colorectal cancer (Dalian: 17.9% vs USA: 24.2%) and female breast cancer (Dalian: 40.9% vs USA: 48.9%). However, we observed better stage-specific survival among stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ lung cancer patients in Dalian than in the USA. Interpretation This study suggests that although the overall prognosis for patients was better in the USA than in Dalian, China, survival deficits existed in both countries. Improvement in cancer early detection and cancer care are needed in both countries. Funding National Key R&D Program (2021YFC2501900, 2022YFC3600805), Major State Basic Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021-I2M-1-010, 2021-I2M-1-046), and Talent Incentive Program of Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiying Fu
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Ke Sun
- Dalian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liaoning, 116035, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Dalian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liaoning, 116035, China
| | - Bingsheng Liu
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Chongqing University, No.174 Shazhengjie, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Chongqing University, No.174 Shazhengjie, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Jakub Morze
- College of Medical Sciences, SGMK University, Olsztyn, Poland
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Sergiusz Nawrocki
- Department of Oncology, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-228, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Lan An
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Siwei Zhang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Li Li
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Shaoming Wang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Ru Chen
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Kexin Sun
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Bingfeng Han
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Hong Lin
- Dalian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liaoning, 116035, China
| | - Huinan Wang
- Dalian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liaoning, 116035, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Dalian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liaoning, 116035, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Dalian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liaoning, 116035, China
| | - Youwei Li
- Dalian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liaoning, 116035, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Dalian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liaoning, 116035, China
| | - Huijuan Mu
- Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, 110005, China
| | - Qiushuo Geng
- School of Medical Device, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, 117004, China
| | - Feng Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Haitao Zhao
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lingeng Lu
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Yale Cancer Center and Center for Biomedical Data Science, Yale University, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Dan Mei
- Dalian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liaoning, 116035, China
| | - Hongmei Zeng
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Wenqiang Wei
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
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18
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Montel L, Coleman MP, Murphy T, Balabanova D, Ciula R, Evans DP, Lougarre C, Verhoeven D, Allemani C. Implementing and monitoring the right to health in breast cancer: selection of indicators using a Delphi process. Int J Equity Health 2023; 22:142. [PMID: 37507731 PMCID: PMC10386607 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-023-01964-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women with breast cancer have different chances of surviving their disease, depending on where they live. Variations in survival may stem from unequal access to prompt diagnosis, treatment and care. Implementation of the right to health may help remedy such inequalities. The right to health is enshrined in international human rights law, notably Article 12 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. A human rights-based approach to health requires a robust, just and efficient health system, with access to adequate health services and medicines on a non-discriminatory basis. However, it may prove challenging for health policymakers and cancer management specialists to implement and monitor this right in national health systems. METHOD This article presents the results of a Delphi study designed to select indicators of implementation of the right to health to inform breast cancer care and management. In a systematic process, 13 experts examined an initial list of 151 indicators. RESULTS After two rounds, 54 indicators were selected by consensus, three were rejected, three were added, and 97 remained open for debate. For breast cancer, right-to-health features selected as worth implementing and monitoring included the formal recognition of the right to health in breast cancer strategies; a population-based screening programme, prompt diagnosis, strong referral systems and limited waiting times; the provision of palliative, survivorship and end-of-life care; the availability, accessibility, acceptability and quality (AAAQ) of breast cancer services and medicines; the provision of a system of accountability; and the collection of anonymised individual data to target patterns of discrimination. CONCLUSION We propose a set of indicators as a guide for health policy experts seeking to design national cancer plans that are based on a human rights-based approach to health, and for cancer specialists aiming to implement principles of the right to health in their practice. The 54 indicators selected may be used in High-Income Countries, or member states of the OECD who also have signed the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights to monitor progress towards implementation of the right to health for women with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Montel
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Cancer Survival Group, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
| | - Michel P Coleman
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Cancer Survival Group, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Therese Murphy
- Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
- Raoul Wallenberg Visiting Chair, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Dina Balabanova
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London, UK
| | | | - Dabney P Evans
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Claudia Allemani
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Cancer Survival Group, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
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19
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An L, Ju W, Zheng R, Zeng H, Zhang S, Chen R, Sun K, Li L, Wang S, Wei W. Trends in survival for cancer patients aged 65 years or over from 1995 to 2014 in the United States: A population-based study. Cancer Med 2023; 12:6283-6293. [PMID: 36366749 PMCID: PMC10028112 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adults aged 65 years and above account for over half of all cancer diagnoses in the United States, but little is known about trend of elderly cancer survival in the United States. We aimed to assess the survival trend for elderly cancer in the United States from 1995 to 2014. METHODS We used data from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 12 registries and included 1,112,441 eligible patients aged 65 years or older who were diagnosed between 1995 and 2014 with cancer and followed up until December 2019. Overall and stage-specific 5-year relative survival, ratio of observed survival to expected survival, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of elderly cancer patients stratified by age were estimated during four periods (1995-1999, 2000-2004, 2005-2009, and 2010-2014). Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios for cancer-specific death among patients diagnosed during 2000-2004, 2005-2009, 2010-2014, compared diagnoses in 1995-1999. We also calculated stage distribution and treatment rate during four periods. RESULTS In the United States, 5-year relative survival for elderly cancer patients improved from 57.3% (95% CIs 57.0-57.5) in 1995-1999 to 60.7% (60.5-60.9) in 2010-2014. After controlling for sociodemographic and tumor characteristics, about a 19% reduction in cancer-specific deaths among diagnoses in 2010-2014 compared with 1995-1999. Cancer survival improved for elderly patients in all age groups, with exception of stable survival for patients aged 85 and above. Comparing 1995-1999 with 2010-2014, relative survival improved from 84.7% (84.3-85.1) to 86.7% (86.3-87.0) for localized stage and from 12.4% (12.1-12.7) to 18.7% (18.4-19.0) for distant stage for all cancers combined. The trends in stage distribution and treatment rate for all cancers combined were relatively stable. CONCLUSIONS In the United States, survival for elderly cancer patients has improved slightly from 1995 to 2014, possibly mainly due to advances in treatment. Further studies are warranted to explore interventions to improve elderly cancer survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan An
- National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Ju
- National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rongshou Zheng
- National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongmei Zeng
- National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Siwei Zhang
- National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ru Chen
- National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kexin Sun
- National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li Li
- National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoming Wang
- National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqiang Wei
- National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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20
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Dutta R, Mahajan A, Patil P, Bhandoria G, Sarang B, Virk S, Khajanchi M, Jain S, Bains L, Bhandarkar P, Chatterjee S, Roy N, Gadgil A. Breast Conservative Surgery for Breast Cancer: Indian Surgeon's Preferences and Factors Influencing Them. Indian J Surg Oncol 2023; 14:11-17. [PMID: 36891421 PMCID: PMC9986359 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-022-01601-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is well established that disease-free survival and overall survival after breast conservation surgery (BCS) followed by radiotherapy are equivalent to that after mastectomy. However, in Asian countries, the rate of BCS continues to remain low. The cause may be multifactorial including the patient's choice, availability and accessibility of infrastructure, and surgeon's choice. We aimed to elucidate the Indian surgeons' perspective while choosing between BCS and mastectomy, in women oncologically eligible for BCS. Methods We conducted a survey-based cross-sectional study in January-February 2021. Indian surgeons with general surgical or specialised oncosurgical training, who consented to participate were included in the study. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to assess the effect of study variables on offering mastectomy or BCS. Results A total of 347 responses were included. The mean age of the participants was 43 ± 11 years. Sixty-three of the surgeons were in the 25-44 years age group with the majority (80%) being males. 66.4% of surgeons 'almost always' offered BCS to oncologically eligible patients. Surgeons who had undergone specialised training in oncosurgery or breast conservation surgery were 35 times more likely to offer BCS (p < 0.01). Surgeons working in hospitals with in-house radiation oncology facilities were 9 times more likely to offer BCS (p < 0.05). Surgeons' years of practice, age, sex and hospital setting did not influence the surgery offered. Conclusion Two-thirds of Indian surgeons preferred BCS over mastectomy. Lack of radiotherapy facilities and specialised surgical training were deterrents to offering BCS to eligible women. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13193-022-01601-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohini Dutta
- World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for Research in Surgical Care Delivery in Low-Middle-Income Countries, Mumbai, India.,Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab India
| | - Anshul Mahajan
- World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for Research in Surgical Care Delivery in Low-Middle-Income Countries, Mumbai, India.,Government Medical College Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Priti Patil
- World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for Research in Surgical Care Delivery in Low-Middle-Income Countries, Mumbai, India
| | - Geetu Bhandoria
- World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for Research in Surgical Care Delivery in Low-Middle-Income Countries, Mumbai, India
| | - Bhakti Sarang
- World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for Research in Surgical Care Delivery in Low-Middle-Income Countries, Mumbai, India
| | - Sargun Virk
- Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Health and Science, Amritsar, Punjab India
| | - Monty Khajanchi
- World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for Research in Surgical Care Delivery in Low-Middle-Income Countries, Mumbai, India
| | - Samarvir Jain
- World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for Research in Surgical Care Delivery in Low-Middle-Income Countries, Mumbai, India.,Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab India
| | - Lovenish Bains
- World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for Research in Surgical Care Delivery in Low-Middle-Income Countries, Mumbai, India.,Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Prashant Bhandarkar
- World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for Research in Surgical Care Delivery in Low-Middle-Income Countries, Mumbai, India
| | - Shamita Chatterjee
- Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Seth Sukhlal Karnani Memorial Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Nobhojit Roy
- World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for Research in Surgical Care Delivery in Low-Middle-Income Countries, Mumbai, India.,Department of Public Health Systems, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.,The George Institute for Global Health, New Delhi, India
| | - Anita Gadgil
- World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for Research in Surgical Care Delivery in Low-Middle-Income Countries, Mumbai, India.,The George Institute for Global Health, New Delhi, India
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21
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Ziobro M, Grela-Wojewoda A. Shifting Treatment Paradigms: Improvements in HR-Positive, HER-2- Negative Breast Cancer Care in Poland from a Clinical Perspective. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020510. [PMID: 36831045 PMCID: PMC9953114 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with hormone-receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer constitute about 70% of the breast cancer population. About 35% of these patients develop distant metastases and their treatment will be palliative. Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors were shown to significantly improve the outcomes of these patients. In combination with endocrine therapy, they have become the standard first-line treatment for HR-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer. In Poland, treatment with CDK4/6 inhibitors is reimbursed only for patients participating in the drug program of the Ministry of Health. However, fulfilling the eligibility criteria for the program may be challenging both for patients and for clinicians. This may lead to a delay in treatment with CDK4/6 inhibitors or a decision to use older and less effective drugs that are more widely available. The aim of this review was to compare the efficacy of first-line therapies in patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer depending on the use of CDK4/6 inhibitors. We compared the efficacy of previous standard therapies with that of ribociclib, a CDK4/6 inhibitor, based on the median progression-free survival (PFS) as an outcome. Median PFS is not affected by the efficacy of subsequent treatment lines and is easy to interpret both for clinicians and for patients. The first-line treatment with chemotherapy or endocrine therapy (without CDK4/6 inhibitors) prolongs median PFS by several months and even to over a dozen months. The first-line treatment with endocrine therapy plus CDK4/6 inhibitors provides an opportunity to achieve a median PFS of more than 25 months and to prolong it by about 9 to 14 months.
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22
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Araujo JM, Gómez AC, Jongh WZD, Ausejo J, Córdova I, Schwarz LJ, Bretel D, Fajardo W, Saravia-Huarca LG, Barboza-Meca J, Morante Z, Guillén JR, Gómez H, Cárdenas NK, Hernández L, Melo W, Villarreal-Garza C, Caglevic C, Palacio C, García H, Mejía G, Flores C, Vallejos C, Pinto JA. A nationwide pilot study on breast cancer screening in Peru. Ecancermedicalscience 2023; 17:1494. [PMID: 36816782 PMCID: PMC9937072 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2023.1494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction A high prevalence of advanced breast cancer (BC) is a common scenario in Latin America. In Peru, the frequency of BC at Stages III/IV is ≈50% despite implementation of a programme for breast cancer screening (BCS) along the country. We carried out a study to assess the feasibility and develop an instrument to evaluate the knowledge, barriers and perception about BCS in a nationwide pilot study in Peru among candidates for BCS. Methods We conducted a systematic review of 2,558 reports indexed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Medline-Ovid and EMBASE, regarding to our study theme. In total, 111 were selected and a 51-items survey was developed (eight items about sociodemographic characteristics). Patients were recruited in public hospitals or private clinics, in rural and urban areas of nine departments of Peru. Results We surveyed 488 women from: Lima (150), Cajamarca (93), Ica (59), Arequipa (56), Loreto (48), Ancash (38), Junín (15), Puerto Maldonado (15) and Huancavelica (14); 27.9% of them were from rural areas. The mean of age was 53.3 years (standard deviation ± 9.1). Regarding education level, 29.8% had primary, 33.2% secondary and 37.0% higher education. In total, 28.7% of women did not know the term 'mammogram' and 47.1% reported never receiving a BCS (36.9% from urban and 73.5% from rural population). In women that underwent BCS, only 67% knew it is for healthy women. In total, 54.1% of patients had low levels of knowledge about risk factors for BC (i.e. 87.5% of women respond that injuries in the breast produce cancer). Cultural, economic and geographic barriers were significantly associated with having a mammogram where 56.9% of participants considered a cost ≤ 7 USD as appropriate. Mammogram was perceived as too painful for 54.9% of women. In addition, women with a self-perception of low-risk for BC and a fatalistic perception of cancer were less likely to have a BCS. Conclusion We found that it is feasible to conduct a large-scale study in Peru. The results of this pilot study highlight an urgent need of extensive education and awareness about BCS in Peru.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhajaira M Araujo
- Centro de Investigación Básica y Traslacional, AUNA-Ideas, Guardia Civil 571, San Borja, Lima 16036, Peru,Escuela Profesional de Medicina Humana, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Chorrillos, Lima 15067, Peru
| | - Andrea C Gómez
- Centro de Investigación Básica y Traslacional, AUNA-Ideas, Guardia Civil 571, San Borja, Lima 16036, Peru
| | - Winston Zingg-De Jongh
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University, TX 77843, E.E.U.U., USA
| | - Jhon Ausejo
- Escuela Profesional de Medicina Humana-Filial Ica, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Ica 11004, Peru
| | - Iván Córdova
- Escuela Profesional de Medicina Humana-Filial Ica, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Ica 11004, Peru
| | - Luis J Schwarz
- Escuela Profesional de Medicina Humana-Filial Ica, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Ica 11004, Peru
| | - Denisse Bretel
- Grupo de Estudios Clínicos Oncológicos Peruano (GECOPERU), Santiago de Surco, Lima 15038, Peru
| | - Williams Fajardo
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo, Lima 15003, Peru
| | | | | | - Zaida Morante
- Centro de Investigación Básica y Traslacional, AUNA-Ideas, Guardia Civil 571, San Borja, Lima 16036, Peru
| | - Juan R Guillén
- Hospital Félix Torrealva Gutiérrez- ESSALUD, Ica 11001, Peru
| | - Henry Gómez
- Grupo de Estudios Clínicos Oncológicos Peruano (GECOPERU), Santiago de Surco, Lima 15038, Peru
| | - Nadezhda K Cárdenas
- Escuela Profesional de Medicina Humana-Filial Ica, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Ica 11004, Peru
| | - Lady Hernández
- Escuela Profesional de Medicina Humana-Filial Ica, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Ica 11004, Peru
| | - Walter Melo
- Escuela Profesional de Medicina Humana-Filial Ica, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Ica 11004, Peru
| | - Cynthia Villarreal-Garza
- Centro de Cáncer de Mama, Hospital Zambrano Hellion, Tecnológico de Monterrey, 66278 San Pedro Garza García, Monterrey, México
| | - Christian Caglevic
- Cancer Research Department, Fundacion Arturo Lopez Perez, Santiago de Chile 7500921, Chile
| | - Carolina Palacio
- Departamento de Oncología Clínica, Instituto de Cancerología Las Américas - AUNA, Medellín 050022, Colombia
| | - Héctor García
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia
| | - Gerson Mejía
- Departamento de Oncología Médica, Hospital Clínico VIEDMA, Cochabamba 0304, Bolivia
| | - Claudio Flores
- Centro de Investigación Básica y Traslacional, AUNA-Ideas, Guardia Civil 571, San Borja, Lima 16036, Peru
| | - Carlos Vallejos
- Centro de Investigación Básica y Traslacional, AUNA-Ideas, Guardia Civil 571, San Borja, Lima 16036, Peru
| | - Joseph A Pinto
- Centro de Investigación Básica y Traslacional, AUNA-Ideas, Guardia Civil 571, San Borja, Lima 16036, Peru,Escuela Profesional de Medicina Humana-Filial Ica, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Ica 11004, Peru
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23
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Plichta JK, Rushing CN, Lewis HC, Rooney MM, Blazer DG, Thomas SM, Hwang ES, Greenup RA. Implications of missing data on reported breast cancer mortality. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023; 197:177-187. [PMID: 36334190 PMCID: PMC9912364 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06764-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND National cancer registries are valuable tools to analyze patterns of care and clinical outcomes; yet, missing data may impact the accuracy and generalizability of these data. We sought to evaluate the association between missing data and overall survival (OS). METHODS Using the NCDB (National Cancer Database) and SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, End Results Program), we assessed data missingness among patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer from 2010 to 2014. Key variables included demographic (age, race, ethnicity, insurance, education, income), tumor (grade, ER, PR, HER2, TNM stages), and treatment (surgery in both databases; chemotherapy and radiation in NCDB). OS was compared between those with and without missing data using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS Overall, 775,996 patients in the NCDB and 263,016 in SEER were identified; missing at least 1 key variable occurred for 29% and 13%, respectively. Of those, the overwhelming majority (NCDB 80%; SEER 88%) were missing tumor variables. When compared to patients with complete data, missingness was associated with a greater risk of death: NCDB HR 1.23 (99% CI 1.21-1.25) and SEER HR 2.11 (99% CI 2.05-2.18). Patients with complete tumor data had higher unadjusted OS estimates than that of the entire sample: NCDB 82.7% vs 81.8% and SEER 83.5% vs 81.7% for 5-year OS. CONCLUSIONS Missingness of select variables is not uncommon within large national cancer registries and is associated with a worse OS. Exclusion of patients with missing variables may introduce unintended bias into analyses and result in findings that underestimate breast cancer mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer K Plichta
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, DUMC 351327710, USA.
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, DUMC 351327710, USA.
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Christel N Rushing
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
- Biostatistics Shared Resource, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Holly C Lewis
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, DUMC 351327710, USA
| | - Marguerite M Rooney
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, DUMC 351327710, USA
| | - Dan G Blazer
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, DUMC 351327710, USA
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Samantha M Thomas
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
- Biostatistics Shared Resource, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - E Shelley Hwang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, DUMC 351327710, USA
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Rachel A Greenup
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, DUMC 351327710, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, DUMC 351327710, USA
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
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24
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Misganaw M, Zeleke H, Mulugeta H, Assefa B. Mortality rate and predictors among patients with breast cancer at a referral hospital in northwest Ethiopia: A retrospective follow-up study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279656. [PMID: 36701343 PMCID: PMC9879427 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the common global health concerns that affects2.1 million women each year and causes the highest number of cancer-related morbidity and mortality among women. The objective of this study was to determine the mortality rate and its predictors among breast cancer patients at the referral hospitals, in northwest Ethiopia. METHODS A retrospective follow-up study was conducted on breast cancer patients registered between February 01, 2015 and February 28, 2018. They were selected by simple random sampling using computer-generated method and followed until February 29, 2020, in Amhara region referral hospital. A pre-tested data extraction checklist was used to collect data from the registration book and patient medical records. The collected data were entered into Epi-Data version 3.1 and exported to STATA version 14 for analysis. The mortality rate by person-year observation was computed. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve with the log-rank test was used to estimate the survival probabilities of the patients. Bivariate and multivariate Cox regression model was used to identify predictors of mortality. RESULTS The overall mortality rate of breast cancer was 16.9 per 100 person-years observation. The median survival time was 38.3 (IQR: 26.23, 49.4) months. Independent predictors of breast cancer mortality was; Clinical stage IV and stage III (aHR:10.44,95% CI: 8.02,11.93 and aHR: 9.43, 95% CI: 6.29,11.03respectively), number of positive lymph node in the category of 10 and more and number of positive lymph node within the category of 4-9 (aHR:12.58, 95%CI: 5.2, 30.46 and aHR: 4.78, 95% CI: 2.19, 10.43respectively), co-morbidities (aHR:1.5, 95%CI: 1.01,2.21), Postmenopausal (aHR:2.03,95% CI: 1.37, 3), histologic grade III (aHR:2.12, 95% CI: 1.26,3.55) and not received hormonal therapy (aHR: 2.19, 95%CI: 1.52,3.15) were independent predictors of mortality. CONCLUSION The overall mortality rate was 16.9 per 100 person-years. The finding was higher compared to high-income countries. Advanced clinical stage, co-morbidities, menopausal status, and hormonal therapy are the significant predictors of mortality. Early detection and treatment of breast cancer is needed to reduce the mortality rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mekides Misganaw
- Department of Adult Health Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
- * E-mail:
| | - Haymanote Zeleke
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Henok Mulugeta
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Birtukan Assefa
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
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25
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Vedsted P, Weller D, Zalounina Falborg A, Jensen H, Kalsi J, Brewster D, Lin Y, Gavin A, Barisic A, Grunfeld E, Lambe M, Malmberg M, Turner D, Harland E, Hawryluk B, Law RJ, Neal RD, White V, Bergin R, Harrison S, Menon U. Diagnostic pathways for breast cancer in 10 International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP) jurisdictions: an international comparative cohort study based on questionnaire and registry data. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e059669. [PMID: 36521881 PMCID: PMC9756230 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A growing body of evidence suggests longer time between symptom onset and start of treatment affects breast cancer prognosis. To explore this association, the International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership Module 4 examined differences in breast cancer diagnostic pathways in 10 jurisdictions across Australia, Canada, Denmark, Norway, Sweden and the UK. SETTING Primary care in 10 jurisdictions. PARTICIPANT Data were collated from 3471 women aged >40 diagnosed for the first time with breast cancer and surveyed between 2013 and 2015. Data were supplemented by feedback from their primary care physicians (PCPs), cancer treatment specialists and available registry data. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Patient, primary care, diagnostic and treatment intervals. RESULTS Overall, 56% of women reported symptoms to primary care, with 66% first noticing lumps or breast changes. PCPs reported 77% presented with symptoms, of whom 81% were urgently referred with suspicion of cancer (ranging from 62% to 92%; Norway and Victoria). Ranges for median patient, primary care and diagnostic intervals (days) for symptomatic patients were 3-29 (Denmark and Sweden), 0-20 (seven jurisdictions and Ontario) and 8-29 (Denmark and Wales). Ranges for median treatment and total intervals (days) for all patients were 15-39 (Norway, Victoria and Manitoba) and 4-78 days (Sweden, Victoria and Ontario). The 10% longest waits ranged between 101 and 209 days (Sweden and Ontario). CONCLUSIONS Large international differences in breast cancer diagnostic pathways exist, suggesting some jurisdictions develop more effective strategies to optimise pathways and reduce time intervals. Targeted awareness interventions could also facilitate more timely diagnosis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Vedsted
- Department for Clinical Medicine, Aarhus Universitet, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Research Unit for General Practice, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - David Weller
- General Practice, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alina Zalounina Falborg
- Department of Public Health, Research Unit for General Practice, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Henry Jensen
- Department of Public Health, Research Unit for General Practice, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jatinderpal Kalsi
- Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - David Brewster
- Scottish Registry, Information Services Division, NHS National Services Scotland, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yulan Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Anna Gavin
- N Ireland Cancer Registry, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | | | - Eva Grunfeld
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mats Lambe
- University Hospital, Regional Cancer Centre of Central Sweden, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin Malmberg
- Department of Oncology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Donna Turner
- Population Oncology, Cancer Care Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Harland
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Registry, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Breann Hawryluk
- Patient Navigation, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Rebecca-Jane Law
- North Wales Centre for Primary Care Research, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | | | - Victoria White
- CBRC, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Deakin University Faculty of Health, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rebecca Bergin
- Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Usha Menon
- Women's Cancer, University College London, London, UK
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26
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Piñeros M, Ginsburg O, Bendahhou K, Eser S, Shelpai WA, Fouad H, Znaor A. Staging practices and breast cancer stage among population-based registries in the MENA region. Cancer Epidemiol 2022; 81:102250. [PMID: 36115143 PMCID: PMC9693698 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2022.102250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Availability of stage information by population-based cancer registries (PBCR) remains scarce for diverse reasons. Nevertheless, stage is critical cancer control information particularly for cancers amenable to early detection. In the framework of the Global Initiative for Cancer Registry Development (GICR), we present the status of stage data collection and dissemination among registries in the Middle East and Northern Africa (MENA) region as well as the stage distribution of breast cancer patients. METHODS A web-based survey exploring staging practices and breast cancer stage was developed and sent to 30 PBCR in 18 countries of the MENA region. RESULTS Among 23 respondent PBCR, 21 collected stage data, the majority (80%) for all cancers. Fourteen registries used a single classification (9 TNM and 5 SEER), 7 used both staging systems in parallel. Out of 12,888 breast cancer patients (seven registries) 27.7% had unknown TNM stage (11.1% in Oman, 46% in Annaba). When considering only cases with known stage, 65.3% were early cancers (TNM I+II), ranging from 57.9% in Oman to 83.3% in Batna (Algeria), and 9.9% were stage IV cancers. Among the nine registries providing SEER Summary stage for breast cancer cases, stage was unknown in 19% of the cases, (0 in Bahrain, 39% in Kuwait). Stage data were largely absent from the published registry reports. CONCLUSION Despite wide stage data collection by cancer registries, missing information and low dissemination clearly limit informing efforts on early detection. The use of two classification systems in parallel implies additional workload and might undermine completeness. The favourable results of early cancer (TNM I+II) in two thirds of breast cancer patients needs to be interpreted with caution and followed up in time. Although efforts to improve quality of stage data are needed, our findings are particularly relevant to the WHO Global Breast Cancer Initiative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Piñeros
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
| | - Ophira Ginsburg
- Center for Global Health, US National Cancer Institute, MD, USA
| | | | - Sultan Eser
- Balıkesir University, Faculty of Medicine, Balikesir, Turkey
| | | | - Heba Fouad
- WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ariana Znaor
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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27
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Cruz SDJV, Ribeiro AKPDL, Pinheiro MDCN, Carneiro VCCB, Neves LMT, Carneiro SR. Five-year survival rate and prognostic factors in women with breast cancer treated at a reference hospital in the Brazilian Amazon. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277194. [PMID: 36395094 PMCID: PMC9671322 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignant neoplasm and the leading cause cancer of death among women globally. In Brazil, survival rates vary according to the region and few studies have been conducted on breast cancer survival in less developed areas, such as the Amazon region. The aim of this study was to analyze the five-year survival rate and prognostic factors in women treated for breast cancer in the city of Belém in northern Brazil. A retrospective hospital-based cohort study was conducted (2007-2013). Sociodemographic, clinical/tumor, and treatment variables were obtained from the records at the Ophir Loyola Hospital. Survival analysis involved the Kaplan-Meier statistical method and Cox regression analysis was performed. The significance level was 5% (p <0.05). A total of 1,430 cases were analyzed. Mean survival time was 51.71 (± 17.22) months, with an estimated overall survival of 79.4%. In the multivariate analysis, referral from the public health care system, advanced clinical stage, lymph node involvement and metastasis were associated with worse prognosis and lower survival rate. Radiotherapy and hormone therapy were associated with increased survival. These findings can contribute to the development of regional strategies for early detection of breast cancer, reducing the incidence and mortality rates and increasing survival time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soany de Jesus Valente Cruz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | | | | | | | - Laura Maria Tomazi Neves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
- Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Saul Rassy Carneiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
- Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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Mahtani R, Niyazov A, Arondekar B, Lewis K, Rider A, Massey L, Lux MP. Real-world study of patients with germline BRCA1/2-mutated human epidermal growth factor receptor 2‒Negative advanced breast cancer: Patient demographics, treatment patterns, adverse events, and physician-reported satisfaction in the United States, Europe, and Israel. Breast 2022; 66:236-244. [PMID: 36368161 PMCID: PMC9650077 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current guidelines for the treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2‒negative (HER2-) advanced breast cancer (ABC) are informed by tumor characteristics and include platinum- and non-platinum-based chemotherapy, chemotherapy plus immunotherapy, endocrine monotherapy, or endocrine therapy plus a targeted therapy. In addition, poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) have recently demonstrated improved clinical and patient-reported outcomes and manageable toxicity profiles compared with chemotherapy in patients with germline breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 or 2 (gBRCA1/2)‒mutated HER2- ABC in clinical trials and are now approved to treat this patient population. This study provides complementary real-world data regarding treatment patterns, adverse events, and physician-reported treatment satisfaction in this population. METHODS This retrospective analysis using the Adelphi Real World ABC Disease Specific Programme in the United States, European Union, and Israel included patients aged ≥18 years receiving therapy for stage IIIb or IV gBRCA1/2-mutated HER2- ABC. Oncologists completed a patient record form detailing patient demographics, clinical assessments, and treatment history and a survey regarding their use of and satisfaction with treatments. RESULTS Among the 543 patients, mean age was 55 years, 25% were premenopausal, 70% had hormone receptor‒positive (HR+) ABC, and 30% had triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). PARPi were used in 5%, 11%, and 12% of first-line, second-line, and third-line therapies, respectively, for patients with HR+ ABC; for TNBC, percentages were 18%, 44%, and 36%. Across treatment lines, neutropenia, anemia, and nausea occurred in 16%, 24%, and 32% of patients receiving PARPi, respectively; 22%, 38%, and 33% of patients receiving platinum chemotherapy; and 20%, 20%, and 33% of patients receiving non-platinum-based chemotherapy. Physician satisfaction was highest with PARPi and with chemotherapy plus immunotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Findings in this real-world population complement clinical trial observations and provide further support for treatment of patients with PARPi in gBRCA1/2-mutated HER2- ABC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Mahtani
- Miami Cancer Institute, 1228 S Pine Island Road, Plantation, FL, 33324, USA,Corresponding author.
| | | | | | - Katie Lewis
- Adelphi Real World, Adelphi Mill, Grimshaw Lane, Bollington, Cheshire, SK10 5JB, UK
| | - Alex Rider
- Adelphi Real World, Adelphi Mill, Grimshaw Lane, Bollington, Cheshire, SK10 5JB, UK
| | - Lucy Massey
- Adelphi Real World, Adelphi Mill, Grimshaw Lane, Bollington, Cheshire, SK10 5JB, UK
| | - Michael Patrick Lux
- Kooperatives Brustzentrum Paderborn, Frauenklinik St. Louise, Paderborn, Frauenklinik St. Josefs, Salzkotten Husener Straße 81, 33098, Paderborn, Germany
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Rodríguez-Reinado C, Delgado-Parrilla A, Alguacil J. Breast Cancer Treatment in Integrated Care Process in Andalusia: The Challenge of Multidisciplinarity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12728. [PMID: 36232027 PMCID: PMC9566388 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite the increasing trend in the incidence of breast cancer in recent decades, mortality has decreased in developed countries. The general objective of the study is to analyse the functioning and organisation of the care process for breast cancer treatment in Andalusia (Spain) in order to identify possible barriers and facilitators that may be affecting its effectiveness and, therefore, the survival of the disease. A qualitative method was adopted based on 19 semi-structured interviews with health professionals from different specialities in two Andalusian provinces: Huelva (mortality rate higher than the national average) and Granada (mortality rate similar to the national average). Results show the existence of barriers (seasonal delays, low frequency of multidisciplinary meetings, lack of human and technical resources, difficulties in accessing treatment in certain populations, etc.) and facilitators (creation of multidisciplinary units and committees for breast pathology, standardisation of treatments, assignment of professionals with preferential attention to breast pathology, etc.) in the care process of breast cancer treatment. The combination of these barriers can have an impact on the accessibility, quality, and efficacy of the treatment, and in the long term, on survival from the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Rodríguez-Reinado
- Clinical, Environmental and Social Transformation Epidemiology Research Group, Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain
| | - Ana Delgado-Parrilla
- Clinical, Environmental and Social Transformation Epidemiology Research Group, Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain
| | - Juan Alguacil
- Clinical, Environmental and Social Transformation Epidemiology Research Group, Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales, Salud y Medio Ambiente (RENSMA), University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Socioeconomic inequalities in breast cancer survival in Reunion Island: The contribution of stage at diagnosis as a mediator. Cancer Epidemiol 2022; 80:102249. [PMID: 36067573 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2022.102249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although breast cancer survival has improved in France, it appears that women living in deprived areas are more likely to die from breast cancer. However, no study has yet examined socioeconomic inequalities in breast cancer survival in La Réunion. Our objective was to examine whether socioeconomic inequalities in breast cancer survival exist in Reunion Island and whether stage at diagnosis could partly explain these differences. METHODS A population-based cohort study of all women on Reunion Island with primary breast cancer diagnosed between 2008 and 2016 was conducted. Each woman was assigned a deprivation index based on her area of residence at diagnosis. Net survival by deprivation group and stage at diagnosis was estimated by the non parametric Pohar Perme method. The role of stage (indirect effect) was assessed using a mediation analysis extended to the relative survival framework. RESULTS At five years, net survival was significantly lower in women living in the most deprived areas than in women living in the least deprived areas (81 % (95 % CI 77-86) and 91 % (95 % CI 89-94), respectively, p < 0.0001), and mediation analysis showed that the contribution of stage at diagnosis to these survival differences was 43 %. DISCUSSION Our result shows that although measures to promote earlier diagnosis are important, they would only reduce socioeconomic inequalities in breast cancer survival by 43 %. To further investigate these inequalities, future research should explore the role of unmeasured mediators, such as comorbidities and treatment received, as well as the impact of specific interventions that might address the differences in mediator distribution.
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Bentley C, Teckle P, McQuarrie L, Peacock S, El Adam S. Impact of cancer on income, wealth and economic outcomes of adult cancer survivors: a scoping review. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e064714. [PMID: 36691144 PMCID: PMC9445784 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarise peer-reviewed evidence on the effect of a cancer diagnosis on the different sources of income of individuals diagnosed with cancer during adulthood (age ≥18 years). DESIGN A scoping review following the Joanna Briggs Institute's methodological framework for conducting scoping reviews and reporting results following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist. DATA SOURCES Ovid MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, EMBASE, Econ-Lit and Evidence-based Medicine Reviews, and reference lists of evidence syntheses. Published literature of any study type in English was searched from January 2000 to December 2020. ELIGIBILITY AND CRITERIA Study participants were individuals diagnosed with cancer during adulthood (age ≥18 years). Studies from any country and/or healthcare system were included. Primary outcomes were employment income (eg, individual or household); investment income (eg, stocks/bonds, properties, savings); government transfer payments (eg, disability income/pension); debt and bankruptcy. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Findings are summarised descriptively and in tabular form. RESULTS From 6297 citations retrieved, 63 studies (67 articles) met our inclusion criteria. Most (51%) were published in 2016-2020; 65% were published in the USA or Scandinavia. Survivors incurred debt (24 studies), depleted savings (13 studies) and liquidated stocks/bonds (7 studies) in response to a cancer diagnosis. 41 studies reported changes to employment income; of these, 12 case-control studies reported varying results: 5 reported survivors earned less than controls, 4 reported no significant differences, 2 reported mixed results and 1 reported income increased. Initial declines in income tended to lessen over time. CONCLUSIONS Cancer's impact on survivors' income is complex and time-varying. Longitudinal studies are needed to document the trend of initial declines in income, with declines lessening over time, and its variations. Study designs using standardised income measures and capturing treatment type and follow-up time will improve our understanding of cancer's impact on survivors' income.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colene Bentley
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Applied Research in Cancer Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Paulos Teckle
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lisa McQuarrie
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Applied Research in Cancer Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stuart Peacock
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Shiraz El Adam
- Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Applied Research in Cancer Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Kirkham AA, Jerzak KJ. Prevalence of Breast Cancer Survivors Among Canadian Women. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2022; 20:1005-1011. [PMID: 36075384 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2022.7028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 49% decrease in breast cancer mortality since 1986 has increased the number of breast cancer survivors requiring survivorship care. The purpose of this analysis was to estimate the 2022 prevalence of breast cancer survivors diagnosed within the past 15 years among Canadian women. METHODS We extracted the projected female breast cancer cases from 2007 to 2021 and rates of net survival (competing noncancer causes of death removed) from the Canadian Cancer Society's statistical reports. Overall survival was extracted from published Ontario data. Using known survival rates for 1, 5, 10, and 15 years, we interpolated remaining years and applied the corresponding net and overall survival rates to the projected cases for each year from 2007 to 2021 to determine survivors in 2022. Prevalence for predefined age groups was also calculated. As an example of excess healthcare costs attributable to breast cancer, we calculated the excess costs of heart failure hospitalizations. RESULTS From 2007 to 2021, there were 370,756 breast cancer cases. Using net survival, 318,429 (85.9%) of these patients were projected to survive breast cancer by 2022, a prevalence of 2.1% of Canadian women. Using overall survival, prevalence was 1.8%. Prevalence increased with age group, from 0.01% of those aged 20 to 24 years to 12.7% of those aged ≥90 years, and from 1.0% among the working and/or child-raising (age 20-64 years) to 5.4% among elderly populations (age ≥65 years). Among these survivors, 24.9% of projected heart failure hospitalizations would be in excess of those among matched control subjects, with projected excess costs of $16.5 million CAD. Given the excess healthcare costs, potential for reduced contributions to the workforce, and reduced quality of life associated with long-term impairments and risk of excess non-breast cancer death, enhanced breast cancer survivorship care is warranted. CONCLUSIONS With an overall prevalence of 2% among Canadian women, breast cancer survivors represent an increasing segment of the working-age and elderly populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy A Kirkham
- University of Toronto, Knowledge, Innovation, Talent and Everywhere (KITE), Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network; and
| | - Katarzyna J Jerzak
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Kumilau R, Hayati F, Liew JES, Sharif SZ, Sahid Nik Lah NA. Short term recurrence and survival rate of breast cancer patients post surgical treatment; north borneo experience. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 81:104560. [PMID: 36147066 PMCID: PMC9486850 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The aim of this study is to determine two-year cumulative recurrence rates and survival rates and their influential factors among women with breast cancer after surgical treatment. Methods The breast cancer registry with focus on patient's outcome after treatment was retrospectively review for relevant data. The study was started on 2019. All breast cancer patients who underwent surgical procedure between 2016 and 2019 were identified and recruited in this study and was follow up for two year. We performed Kaplan Meier method to determine 2-year recurrence rates and survival rates and compared unadjusted survival statistics using Log-rank test between baseline variables and outcomes. Result From 2016 to 2019, a total of 482 breast cancer patients underwent surgical procedure. The overall observed 2-year recurrence rate among breast cancer patients after surgical treatment was 11.8% (95%CI:8.5,16.4) while for the survival rate was 94.8% (95% CI:91.8,96.7). Log rank test showed that lymph node involvement (p < 0.001) and high lymph node ratio (p < 0.001) were associated with higher cumulative recurrence rates. Meanwhile, stage 4 breast cancer (p = 0.001), higher grade tumour (p = 0.011), larger tumour size (>5 cm) (P = 0.005) and type of tumour (p = 0.018) were demonstrated to have lower survival rates. Conclusion Recurrence rate were significant predictor among patient with lymph node involvement and higher lymph node ratio, while stages of tumour, tumour grade, size of tumour and type of tumour were all highly significant predictor for survival rate. Therefore, the aim for early diagnosis and management of breast cancer is crucial in improving the treatment outcome. The aim of this study is to determine two years cumulative recurrence rates and survival rates and their influential factors among women with breast cancer after surgical treatment in our centre. This is a retrospective cohort study of patients underwent surgical procedure from January 2, 0016 to December 2019. A total of 482 breast cancer patients underwent surgical procedure. The overall observed 2 years recurrence rate among breast cancer patients after surgical treatment was 11.8% (95%CI:8.5,16.4) while for the survival rate was 94.8% (95% CI:91.8,96.7). It showed that lymph node involvement (p < 0.001) and high lymph node ratio (p < 0.001) were associated with higher cumulative recurrence rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raynee Kumilau
- Surgical Department, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Firdaus Hayati
- Surgical Department, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Jerry ES. Liew
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital Queen Elizabeth, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | | | - Nik Amin Sahid Nik Lah
- Surgical Department, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
- Corresponding author.
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Eby PR, Ghate S, Hooley R. The Benefits of Early Detection: Evidence From Modern International Mammography Service Screening Programs. JOURNAL OF BREAST IMAGING 2022; 4:346-356. [PMID: 38416986 DOI: 10.1093/jbi/wbac041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Research from randomized controlled trials initiated up to 60 years ago consistently confirms that regular screening with mammography significantly reduces breast cancer mortality. Despite this success, there is ongoing debate regarding the efficacy of screening, which is confounded by technologic advances and concerns about cost, overdiagnosis, overtreatment, and equitable care of diverse patient populations. More recent screening research, designed to quell the debates, derives data from variable study designs, each with unique strengths and weaknesses. This article reviews observational population-based screening research that has followed the early initial long-term randomized controlled trials that are no longer practical or ethical to perform. The advantages and disadvantages of observational data and study design are outlined, including the three subtypes of population-based observational studies: cohort/case-control, trend, and incidence-based mortality/staging. The most recent research, typically performed in countries that administer screening mammography to women through centralized health service programs and directly track patient-specific outcomes and detection data, is summarized. These data are essential to understand and inform construction of effective new databases that facilitate continuous assessment of optimal screening techniques in the current era of rapidly developing medical technology, combined with a focus on health care that is both personal and equitable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R Eby
- Virginia Mason Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sujata Ghate
- Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Regina Hooley
- Yale New Haven Hospital, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, New Haven, CT, USA
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Belete AM, Aynalem YA, Gemeda BN, Demelew TM, Shiferaw WS. The Effect of Estrogen Receptor Status on Survival in Breast Cancer Patients in Ethiopia. Retrospective Cohort Study. BREAST CANCER: TARGETS AND THERAPY 2022; 14:153-161. [PMID: 35747466 PMCID: PMC9211074 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s365295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background There is wide global variance in survival from breast cancer, both in developed and developing country. However, the effect of estrogen receptor status has not been widely evaluated in Ethiopia where the incidence of breast cancer is rapidly increasing. Hence, the current study aimed to determine the effect of estrogen receptor status on the overall survival of breast cancer patients who were treated at Black Lion Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia. Methods In this institution-based retrospective cohort study a total of 368 study participants were included with a one-to-one ratio of estrogen receptor negative to estrogen receptor positive. The main outcome of interest for this study was death due to breast cancer. The authors compared the women with estrogen receptor-positive and estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer for overall survival rate using log rank test. The incidence density rate of mortality was calculated for each exposed and non-exposed variable. The effect of estrogen receptor status on breast cancer mortality was estimated using the Cox proportional hazards model. Results The incidence density rate of mortality among breast cancer patients for estrogen receptor positive were found to be 5.48 (95% CI=3.94–7.64) per 1,000 person years observation; while for estrogen negative receptor status the mortality rate was found to be 10.47 (95% CI=8.19–13.37) per 1,000 person years observation. In the Cox regression analysis after ful adjustments for confounder variables, the mortality event risk was 32% higher among estrogen receptor negative (HR=1.32; 95% CI=1.08–2.91) as compared to estrogen receptor positive breast cancer patients. Conclusion We have found that the incidence density rate of mortality among breast cancer patients was significantly higher in the estrogen receptor negative groups. Therefore, clinicians should give careful attention to the impact of estrogen receptor negative status on the overall outcome of clients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abebe Muche Belete
- Department of Biomedical Science, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
- Correspondence: Abebe Muche Belete, Department of Biomedical Science, Debre Berhan University, P.O. Box 445, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia, Tel +251 938373278, Email
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Hu Z, Nasute Fauerbach PV, Yeung C, Ungi T, Rudan J, Engel CJ, Mousavi P, Fichtinger G, Jabs D. Real-time automatic tumor segmentation for ultrasound-guided breast-conserving surgery navigation. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2022; 17:1663-1672. [PMID: 35588339 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-022-02658-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ultrasound-based navigation is a promising method in breast-conserving surgery, but tumor contouring often requires a radiologist at the time of surgery. Our goal is to develop a real-time automatic neural network-based tumor contouring process for intraoperative guidance. Segmentation accuracy is evaluated by both pixel-based metrics and expert visual rating. METHODS This retrospective study includes 7318 intraoperative ultrasound images acquired from 33 breast cancer patients, randomly split between 80:20 for training and testing. We implement a u-net architecture to label each pixel on ultrasound images as either tumor or healthy breast tissue. Quantitative metrics are calculated to evaluate the model's accuracy. Contour quality and usability are also assessed by fellowship-trained breast radiologists and surgical oncologists. Additionally, the viability of using our u-net model in an existing surgical navigation system is evaluated by measuring the segmentation frame rate. RESULTS The mean dice similarity coefficient of our u-net model is 0.78, with an area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve of 0.94, sensitivity of 0.95, and specificity of 0.67. Expert visual ratings are positive, with 93% of responses rating tumor contour quality at or above 7/10, and 75% of responses rating contour quality at or above 8/10. Real-time tumor segmentation achieved a frame rate of 16 frames-per-second, sufficient for clinical use. CONCLUSION Neural networks trained with intraoperative ultrasound images provide consistent tumor segmentations that are well received by clinicians. These findings suggest that neural networks are a promising adjunct to alleviate radiologist workload as well as improving efficiency in breast-conserving surgery navigation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Hu
- School of Medicine, Queen's University, 88 Stuart Street, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | | | - Chris Yeung
- School of Computing, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Tamas Ungi
- School of Computing, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - John Rudan
- Department of Surgery, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Cecil Jay Engel
- Department of Surgery, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Parvin Mousavi
- School of Computing, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | | | - Doris Jabs
- Department of Radiology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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Eriksson M, Destounis S, Czene K, Zeiberg A, Day R, Conant EF, Schilling K, Hall P. A risk model for digital breast tomosynthesis to predict breast cancer and guide clinical care. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabn3971. [PMID: 35544593 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abn3971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Screening with digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) improves breast cancer detection and reduces false positives. However, currently, no breast cancer risk model takes advantage of the additional information generated by DBT imaging for breast cancer risk prediction. We developed and internally validated a DBT-based short-term risk model for predicting future late-stage and interval breast cancers after negative screening exams. We included the available 805 incident breast cancers and a random sample of 5173 healthy women matched on year of study entry in a nested case-control study from 154,200 multiethnic women, aged 35 to 74, attending DBT screening in the United States between 2014 and 2019. A relative risk model was trained using elastic net logistic regression and nested cross-validation to estimate risks for using imaging features and age. An absolute risk model was developed using derived risks and U.S. incidence and competing mortality rates. Absolute risks, discrimination performance, and risk stratification were estimated in the left-out validation set. The discrimination performance of 1-year risk was 0.82 (95% CI, 0.79 to 0.85) with good calibration (P = 0.7). Using the U.S. Preventive Service Task Force guidelines, 14% of the women were at high risk, 19.6 times higher compared to general risk. In this high-risk group, 76% of stage II and III cancers and 59% of stage 0 cancers were observed (P < 0.01). Using mammographic features generated from DBT screens, our image-based risk prediction model could guide radiologists in selecting women for clinical care, potentially leading to earlier detection and improved prognoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Eriksson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Kamila Czene
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrew Zeiberg
- Radiology Associates of Burlington County, Hainesport, NJ 08036, USA
| | - Robert Day
- Zwanger-Pesiri Radiology, Lindenhurst, NY 11757, USA
| | - Emily F Conant
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Södersjukhuset University Hospital, Stockholm SE-118 61, Sweden
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Cardoso Borges F, Alves da Costa F, Ramos A, Ramos C, Bernardo C, Brito C, Mayer-da-Silva A, Furtado C, Ferreira AR, Martins-Branco D, Miranda A, Lourenço A. Real-world effectiveness of palbociclib plus fulvestrant in advanced breast cancer: Results from a population-based cohort study. Breast 2022; 62:135-143. [PMID: 35182993 PMCID: PMC8859011 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Real-world (RW) data may provide valuable information on the effectiveness and safety of medicines, which is particularly relevant for clinicians, patients and third-party payers. Evidence on the effectiveness of palbociclib plus fulvestrant is scarce, which highlights the need of additional studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of palbociclib plus fulvestrant in advanced breast cancer (ABC). Materials and methods We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study and cases of interest were identified through the Portuguese National Cancer Registry database and additional data sources. Patients aged≥18 years, diagnosed with ABC and exposed to palbociclib plus fulvestrant between May 31, 2017 and March 31, 2019 were included. Patients were followed-up until death or cut-off date (February 28, 2021). Primary outcome was rw-progression-free survival (rwPFS). Secondary outcomes were rw-overall survival (rwOS), rw-time to palbociclib failure (rwTPF) and rw-time to next treatment (rwTTNT). Results A total of 210 patients were included. Median age was 58 years (range 29–83) and 99.05% were female. Median follow-up time was 23.22 months and, at cut-off date, treatment had been discontinued in 189 patients, mainly due to disease progression (n = 152). Median rwPFS was 7.43 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.28–9.05) and 2-year rwPFS was 16.65% (95%CI 11.97–22.00). Median rwOS was 24.70 months (95%CI 21.58–29.27), median rwTPF was 7.5 months (95%CI 6.51–9.08) and median rwTTNT was 11.74 months (95%CI 10.33–14.08). Conclusion Palbociclib plus fulvestrant seems an effective treatment for ABC in real-world context. Compared to registrations studies, rwPFS and rwOS were shorter in real-life setting. Palbociclib plus fulvestrant seems to be an effective therapy for ABC in real-world. Median rwPFS and rwOS were estimated at 7.43 and 24.70 months, respectively. Our data suggest lower effectiveness in real-world than the efficacy reported. Treatment was discontinued due to AEs in 8.09% of patients, suggesting good tolerability. Registries may generate effectiveness data and support clinical and HTA decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Cardoso Borges
- National Cancer Registry and Epidemiology Research Unit, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, EPE, Rua Professor Lima Basto, 1099-023, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Filipa Alves da Costa
- National Cancer Registry and Epidemiology Research Unit, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, EPE, Rua Professor Lima Basto, 1099-023, Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Health Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon (FFULisboa), Avenida Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Adriana Ramos
- National Cancer Registry and Epidemiology Research Unit, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, EPE, Rua Professor Lima Basto, 1099-023, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Catarina Ramos
- National Cancer Registry and Epidemiology Research Unit, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, EPE, Rua Professor Lima Basto, 1099-023, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Catarina Bernardo
- National Cancer Registry and Epidemiology Research Unit, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, EPE, Rua Professor Lima Basto, 1099-023, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Cláudia Brito
- National Cancer Registry and Epidemiology Research Unit, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, EPE, Rua Professor Lima Basto, 1099-023, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Alexandra Mayer-da-Silva
- National Cancer Registry and Epidemiology Research Unit, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, EPE, Rua Professor Lima Basto, 1099-023, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Cláudia Furtado
- Health Technology Assessment Department, Autoridade Nacional Do Medicamento e Produtos de Saúde (INFARMED), Parque da Saúde de Lisboa, Avenida Do Brasil, 53, 1749-004, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Arlindo R Ferreira
- Breast Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Centre, Champalimaud Foundation, Avenida Brasília, 1400-038, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Diogo Martins-Branco
- Academic Trials Promoting Team, Institute Jules Bordet, Rue Meylemeersch 90, 1070, Bruxelles, Belgium; Oncology Department, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, EPE, Rua Professor Lima Basto, 1099-023, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Ana Miranda
- National Cancer Registry and Epidemiology Research Unit, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, EPE, Rua Professor Lima Basto, 1099-023, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - António Lourenço
- National Cancer Registry and Epidemiology Research Unit, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, EPE, Rua Professor Lima Basto, 1099-023, Lisboa, Portugal; NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria 130, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal.
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Liu J, Hunter S, Zhu J, Lee RLT, Chan SWC. Decision regret regarding treatments among women with early-stage breast cancer: a systematic review protocol. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e058425. [PMID: 35301213 PMCID: PMC8932263 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Women with early-stage breast cancer (EBC) are commonly required to make treatment decisions. Decision regret regarding treatments is an adverse outcome that negatively affects women's psychological well-being and quality of life. A systematic review will be conducted to synthesise evidence about decision regret among women regarding treatments for EBC. The study will focus on levels of decision regret, what is regretted, and the factors associated with decision regret. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A systematic review will be conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols 2015 checklist. Electronic databases, including CINAHL Complete, Embase, PubMed, Medline and Web of Science, will be searched for relevant articles published from 2000 to 2021. The reference lists of eligible studies will also be manually searched. All types of quantitative, qualitative and mixed-methods studies that report on decision regret regarding treatments among women with EBC will be included. The primary outcome of this review will be women's levels of decision regret regarding breast cancer treatments. The secondary outcomes will include the content of their regrets, and the factors contributing to decision regret. The methodological quality of the studies will be assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal tools. Meta-analysis and thematic synthesis approaches will be used to synthesise quantitative and qualitative data, respectively. A convergent parallel approach will be used to integrate quantitative and qualitative findings. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval is not required for this systematic review. The findings of this work will be disseminated at international conferences and peer-reviewed journals. The findings of this systematic review will inform the development of decision interventions to improve the decision outcomes of breast cancer treatments. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42021260041.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sharyn Hunter
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jiemin Zhu
- Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Regina Lai-Tong Lee
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sally Wai-Chi Chan
- President Office, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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40
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Patel V, Wali R, Burns M, Patel S, Grossman S, Sassoon I, Mansi J, Henien M. The presenting dental status of solid tumours with bone metastases requiring bone-targeting agents - part 2: breast cancer. Br Dent J 2022; 232:95-100. [DOI: 10.1038/s41415-022-3875-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Li M, Reintals M, D'Onise K, Farshid G, Holmes A, Joshi R, Karapetis CS, Miller CL, Olver IN, Buckley ES, Townsend A, Walters D, Roder DM. Investigating the breast cancer screening-treatment-mortality pathway of women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer: Results from linked health data. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2021; 31:e13539. [PMID: 34850484 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.13539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the screening-treatment-mortality pathway among women with invasive breast cancer in 2006-2014 using linked data. METHODS BreastScreen histories of South Australian women diagnosed with breast cancer (n = 8453) were investigated. Treatments recorded within 12 months from diagnosis were obtained from linked registry and administrative data. Associations of screening history with treatment were investigated using logistic regression and with cancer mortality outcomes using competing risk analyses, adjusting for socio-demographic, cancer and comorbidity characteristics. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION For screening ages of 50-69 years, 70% had participated in BreastScreen SA ≤ 5 years and 53% ≤ 2 years of diagnosis. Five-year disease-specific survival post-diagnosis was 90%. Compared with those not screened ≤5 years, women screened ≤2 years had higher odds, adjusted for socio-demographic, cancer and comorbidity characteristics, and diagnostic period, of breast-conserving surgery (aOR 2.5, 95% CI 1.9-3.2) and radiotherapy (aOR 1.2, 95% CI 1.1-1.3). These women had a lower unadjusted risk of post-diagnostic cancer mortality (SHR 0.33, 95% CI 0.27-0.41), partly mediated by stage (aSHR 0.65, 95% CI 0.51-0.81), and less breast surgery (aSHR 0.78, 95% CI 0.62-0.99). Screening ≤2 years and conserving surgery appeared to have a greater than additive association with lower post-diagnostic mortality (interaction term SHR 0.42, 95% CI 0.23-0.78). The screening-treatment-mortality pathway was investigated using linked data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Michelle Reintals
- BreastScreen South Australia, Government of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Katina D'Onise
- Prevention and Population Health, SA Health Department for Health and Wellbeing, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Gelareh Farshid
- SA Pathology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew Holmes
- BreastScreen South Australia, Government of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Rohit Joshi
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Cancer Research and Clinical Trials, Adelaide Oncology and Haematology, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Christos S Karapetis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Caroline L Miller
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Health Policy Centre, South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ian N Olver
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Elizabeth S Buckley
- Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Amanda Townsend
- Clinical Cancer Research, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville South, South Australia, Australia.,Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Woodville South, South Australia, Australia
| | - David Walters
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville South, South Australia, Australia
| | - David M Roder
- Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Gnanamuttupulle M, Henke O, Ntundu SH, Serventi F, Mwakipunda LE, Amsi P, Mremi A, Chilonga K, Msuya D, Chugulu SG. Clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer patients from Northern Tanzania: common aspects of late stage presentation and triple negative breast cancer. Ecancermedicalscience 2021; 15:1282. [PMID: 34824605 PMCID: PMC8580599 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2021.1282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common cancer among Tanzanian women. Oestrogen (ER), progesterone and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 play major roles in prognosis and treatment but data for Tanzania are sparse. This study aimed to determine these patterns and histological types, tumour grading and staging of BC patients in northern Tanzania for a better understanding of BC in the Sub-Saharan African (SSA) setting. Methods A cross-sectional study recorded newly diagnosed BC cases at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre between October 2018 and March 2019. Receptor status, histological types and grade, clinical stage and socio-demographic were recorded and descriptive and bivariate analyses performed. Results 116 patients were enrolled. Median age was 53 years, 71.6% were ≥45 years. The commonest molecular subtype was triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) (n = 33; 28.4%). One hundred and two (87.9%) patients had invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), poorly differentiated tumours (60; 51.7%) and clinical stage III disease (62; 53.0%). ER negative tumours were associated with poorly differentiated histological grade (relative risk (RR): 1.34 (0.87–2.07)), tumour size > 5 cm (RR: 1.67 (0.33–8.35)) and IDC (RR: 3.35 (0.56–20.23)). Clinical stages III & IV (odds ratio (OR): 1.64 (0.63–4.24)) were associated with hormone receptor (HR) negative tumours and metastasis (OR: 1.60 (0.68–3.74)) with TNBC. 18% of the patients reported about first-degree relatives with BC. Conclusions Most patients presented in advanced stages and TNBC in their menopause. HR negative tumours were associated with poor histological differentiation and IDC. The high percentage of positive family history of BC and the differences in receptor patterns compared to other parts of the world should urge further genetic research on BC in SSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Gnanamuttupulle
- Department of General Surgery, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, PO Box 3010, Moshi, Tanzania.,Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, PO Box 2240, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Oliver Henke
- Cancer Care Centre, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, PO Box 3010, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Shilanaiman Hilary Ntundu
- Department of General Surgery, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, PO Box 3010, Moshi, Tanzania.,Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, PO Box 2240, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Furaha Serventi
- Cancer Care Centre, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, PO Box 3010, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Leila E Mwakipunda
- Cancer Care Centre, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, PO Box 3010, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Patrick Amsi
- Department of Pathology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, PO Box 3010, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Alex Mremi
- Department of Pathology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, PO Box 3010, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Kondo Chilonga
- Department of General Surgery, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, PO Box 3010, Moshi, Tanzania.,Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, PO Box 2240, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - David Msuya
- Department of General Surgery, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, PO Box 3010, Moshi, Tanzania.,Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, PO Box 2240, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Samuel G Chugulu
- Department of General Surgery, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, PO Box 3010, Moshi, Tanzania.,Faculty of Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, PO Box 2240, Moshi, Tanzania
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Barrios CH, Werutsky G, Mohar A, Ferrigno AS, Müller BG, Bychkovsky BL, Castro E CJ, Uribe CJ, Villarreal-Garza C, Soto-Perez-de-Celis E, Gutiérrez-Delgado F, Kim JS, Ismael J, Delgado L, Santini LA, Teich N, Chavez PC, Liedke PER, Exman P, Barroso-Sousa R, Stefani SD, Cáceres SAB, Rebelatto TF, Pastrana T, Chavarri-Guerra Y, Vargas Y, Cazap E. Cancer control in Latin America and the Caribbean: recent advances and opportunities to move forward. Lancet Oncol 2021; 22:e474-e487. [PMID: 34735817 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(21)00492-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The increasing burden of cancer represents a substantial problem for Latin America and the Caribbean. Two Lancet Oncology Commissions in 2013 and 2015 highlighted potential interventions that could advance cancer care in the region by overcoming existing challenges. Areas requiring improvement included insufficient investment in cancer control, non-universal health coverage, fragmented health systems, inequitable concentration of cancer services, inadequate registries, delays in diagnosis or treatment initiation, and insufficient palliative services. Progress has been made in key areas but remains uneven across the region. An unforeseen challenge, the COVID-19 pandemic, strained all resources, and its negative effect on cancer control is expected to continue for years. In this Series paper, we summarise progress in several aspects of cancer control since 2015, and identify persistent barriers requiring commitment of additional resources to reduce the cancer burden in Latin America and the Caribbean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos H Barrios
- Oncology Department, Oncoclinicas Group, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group (LACOG), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Gustavo Werutsky
- Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group (LACOG), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alejandro Mohar
- Unidad de Epidemiología, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana S Ferrigno
- Breast Cancer Center, Hospital Zambrano Hellion TecSalud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza Garcia, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Bettina G Müller
- Department of Medical Oncology, Instituto Nacional del Cáncer, Santiago, Chile
| | - Brittany L Bychkovsky
- Division of Cancer Genetics and Prevention, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Cynthia Villarreal-Garza
- Breast Cancer Center, Hospital Zambrano Hellion TecSalud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza Garcia, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Enrique Soto-Perez-de-Celis
- Department of Geriatrics, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Francisco Gutiérrez-Delgado
- Centro de Estudios y Prevención del Cancer Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, México; Latin American School of Oncology (ELO), México City, México
| | - Ji Seok Kim
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Dewpoint Therapeutics, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Lucia Delgado
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay; Honorary Commission for the Fight Against Cancer, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Luiz A Santini
- Center of Strategic Studies of FIOCRUZ (Fundação Oswaldo Cruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nelson Teich
- Teich Health Care Consulting, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pamela C Chavez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Pedro E R Liedke
- Oncology Department, Oncoclinicas Group, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group (LACOG), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Oncology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Unidade de Pesquisa Clínica em Oncologia, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Pedro Exman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Suyapa A Bejarano Cáceres
- Medicine Universidad Católica de Honduras, San Pedro Sula, Honduras; Department of Clinical Oncology, Liga Contra el Cáncer, San Pedro Sula, Honduras
| | | | - Tania Pastrana
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Yanin Chavarri-Guerra
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yolanda Vargas
- Unidad de Cuidados Paliativos y Clínica de Alivio del Dolor Oncológico, Instituto Oncológico Nacional, Ciudad de Panamá, Panamá
| | - Eduardo Cazap
- Latin American and Caribbean Society of Medical Oncology (SLACOM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Wijeratne DT, Gunasekera S, Booth CM, Promod H, Jalink M, Jayarajah U, Seneviratne S. Demographic, tumour, and treatment characteristics of female patients with breast cancer in Sri Lanka; results from a hospital-based cancer registry. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:1175. [PMID: 34732162 PMCID: PMC8567653 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08929-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although breast cancer is the most common cancer among Sri Lankan women, there is little published data on patient characteristics and treatment in the local context. We aimed to describe disease characteristics and management in a large contemporary cohort of women with breast cancer at the National Cancer Institute of Sri Lanka (NCISL). Methods All women with invasive primary breast cancers diagnosed during 2016–2020 were identified from the NCISL breast cancer registry. The NCISL sees approximately 40% of all cancer patients in Sri Lanka. Cancer stage at diagnosis was defined according to the Tumour, Node, and Metastasis (TNM) staging system and the Estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptor status was determined based on the results of immunohistochemistry tests. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the study cohort and treatment patterns. Results Over 5100 patients were diagnosed with breast cancer during the study period at the NCISL. The mean age of the women was 56 (SD 12) years. Common co-morbidities were hypertension (n = 1566, 30%) and diabetes mellitus (n = 1196, 23%). Two thirds (66%) of the cancers were early stage (stage I & II) at diagnosis. ER/PR positivity rate was 72% and HER-2 positivity rate was 22%. Two thirds of the women had undergone mastectomy while 68% had undergone axillary clearance. The rate of chemotherapy delivery was 91% for women with node positive disease while 77% of eligible women (i.e., after wide local excision or with > 3 positive lymph nodes) had received adjuvant radiotherapy. Endocrine therapy was initiated in 88% of eligible women with hormone receptor positive disease while rate of trastuzumab use was 59% among women with HER2 positive breast cancer. Conclusions High percentage of advanced breast cancer at diagnosis and high prevalence of comorbidities are some of the major challenges faced in the management of breast cancer in Sri Lanka. Given that stage at diagnosis is the most important prognostic factor determining survival, greater efforts are needed to promote early diagnosis of breast cancer. Considerable lapses in the concordance between guideline recommendations and the delivery of cancer care warrants closer assessment and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christopher M Booth
- Department of Oncology, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada.,Division of Cancer Care and Epidemiology, Queen's University Cancer Research Institute, Kingston, Canada
| | - Hasitha Promod
- Health Information Unit, Ministry of Health, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Matthew Jalink
- Division of Cancer Care and Epidemiology, Queen's University Cancer Research Institute, Kingston, Canada
| | - Umesh Jayarajah
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Kynsey Road, Colombo 08, Sri Lanka
| | - Sanjeewa Seneviratne
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Kynsey Road, Colombo 08, Sri Lanka.
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Antunes L, Mendonça D, Bento MJ, Njagi EN, Belot A, Rachet B. Dealing with missing information on covariates for excess mortality hazard regression models - Making the imputation model compatible with the substantive model. Stat Methods Med Res 2021; 30:2256-2268. [PMID: 34473604 DOI: 10.1177/09622802211031615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Missing data is a common issue in epidemiological databases. Among the different ways of dealing with missing data, multiple imputation has become more available in common statistical software packages. However, the incompatibility between the imputation and substantive model, which can arise when the associations between variables in the substantive model are not taken into account in the imputation models or when the substantive model is itself nonlinear, can lead to invalid inference. Aiming at analysing population-based cancer survival data, we extended the multiple imputation substantive model compatible-fully conditional specification (SMC-FCS) approach, proposed by Bartlett et al. in 2015 to accommodate excess hazard regression models. The proposed approach was compared with the standard fully conditional specification multiple imputation procedure and with the complete-case analysis using a simulation study. The SMC-FCS approach produced unbiased estimates in both scenarios tested, while the fully conditional specification produced biased estimates and poor empirical coverages probabilities. The SMC-FCS algorithm was then used for handling missing data in the evaluation of socioeconomic inequalities in survival from colorectal cancer patients diagnosed in the North Region of Portugal. The analysis using SMC-FCS showed a clearer trend in higher excess hazards for patients coming from more deprived areas. The proposed algorithm was implemented in R software and is presented as Supplementary Material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Antunes
- Grupo de Epidemiologia de Cancro, Centro de Investigação do IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal
- EPI-UNIT - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Denisa Mendonça
- EPI-UNIT - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria José Bento
- Grupo de Epidemiologia de Cancro, Centro de Investigação do IPO Porto (CI-IPOP), Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Edmund Njeru Njagi
- Inequalities in Cancer Outcomes Network, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Aurélien Belot
- Inequalities in Cancer Outcomes Network, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Bernard Rachet
- Inequalities in Cancer Outcomes Network, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Gomez HL, Bargallo-Rocha JE, Billinghurst RJ, Núñez De Pierro AR, Coló FA, Gil LLB, Allemand C, McLean IL, Lema-Medina M, Herazo-Maya F, Terrier FJ, Cwilich RG, Leon M, Falcon SG, Castaño RE, Oliveira SC, Jakubowski DM, Chao C. Practice-Changing Use of the 21-Gene Test for the Management of Patients With Early-Stage Breast Cancer in Latin America. JCO Glob Oncol 2021; 7:1364-1373. [PMID: 34506221 PMCID: PMC8440019 DOI: 10.1200/go.21.00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We present a physician survey of the impact of 21-gene Breast Recurrence Score test results on treatment decisions in clinical practice in Latin America. METHODS This prospective survey enrolled consecutive patients at 14 sites in Argentina, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru who had routine 21-gene testing. Physician surveys captured patient and tumor characteristics and treatment decisions before and after 21-gene test results. The survey spanned the period before and after Trial Assigning Individualized Options for Treatment (TAILORx) results reported (June 2018). Overall net percent change in adjuvant chemotherapy recommendations was estimated, and asymptotic 95% CIs with continuity correction were calculated. The proportion with a change between pretest treatment recommendation and actual treatment received was calculated overall and by Recurrence Score groups per TAILORx. RESULTS Between March 2015 and December 2019, the survey was completed for 647 patients; 20% were node-positive. The mean patient age was 54 years (24-85 years); 55% were postmenopausal; 17%, 63%, and 20% had grade 1, 2, and 3 tumors, respectively; and 30% had tumors > 2 cm. Recurrence Score (RS) results were as follows: 20% RS 0-10, 56% RS 11-25, and 24% RS 26-100. Overall, chemotherapy recommendations fell by a relative proportion of 39% (95% CI, 33.4 to 44.3) after 21-gene testing (33% decrease in node-negative and 55% decrease in node-positive). Among node-negative patients, the relative decrease in chemotherapy recommendations was 28% (95% CI, 18.9 to 39.5) before TAILORx and 36% (95% CI, 28.4 to 43.7) after. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this large survey of 21-gene test practice patterns was the first conducted in Latin America and showed the relevance of 21-gene testing in low- and medium-resource countries to minimize chemotherapy overuse and underuse in breast cancer. The results showed substantial reductions in chemotherapy use overall—especially after TAILORx reported—indicating the practice-changing potential of that study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry L Gomez
- Oncosalud-AUNA, Lima, Peru.,Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Francisco J Terrier
- Breast-Clínica de la Mama y Hospital Italiano de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Calvin Chao
- Exact Sciences Corporation, Redwood City, CA
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Rudolph CES, Engholm G, Pritzkuleit R, Storm HH, Katalinic A. Survival of breast cancer patients in German-Danish border regions - A registry-based cohort study. Cancer Epidemiol 2021; 74:102001. [PMID: 34450451 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2021.102001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Denmark reports slightly lower breast cancer survival before 2010 than its neighbouring country Germany. Previous research is limited by lacking stage and treatment information. This study aims to investigate differences in breast cancer survival between the bordering regions Schleswig-Holstein (Germany), Southern Denmark and Zealand (Denmark) using registry data including stage and treatment information. METHOD Invasive female breast cancer cases diagnosed during 2004-2013 with follow up through 31st December 2014 were extracted from cancer registries. Cases notified by death certificates only and those aged 90+ years were excluded. Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests were computed. Cox regression analysis was conducted with adjustment for year of diagnosis, age, stage, and treatment. RESULTS The analytical sample included 42,966 cases. Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests show significant survival differences between the regions. The Cox regression model adjusted for year of diagnosis and age shows significantly worse overall survival of breast cancer patients in both Danish regions compared to Schleswig-Holstein with hazard ratios (HR) of 1.09 (95 % CI: 1.04; 1.15) for patients from Southern Denmark (SD) and 1.25 (95 % CI: 1.18; 1.32) for residents of Zealand (ZL). This effect diminished after adjustment for stage and treatment (HR: 1.05 (SD), 1.09 (ZL) 95 % CI: 0.99; 1.10 (SD), 1.03; 1.15 (ZL)). CONCLUSION Survival differences can be explained by differing stage distribution and treatment administration, which formerly were more favourable in Schleswig-Holstein. The survival gap will probably close due to Denmark's national screening program and increased use of adjuvant cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane E S Rudolph
- Institute for Cancer Epidemiology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Gerda Engholm
- Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100, København, Denmark
| | - Ron Pritzkuleit
- Institute for Cancer Epidemiology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hans H Storm
- Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100, København, Denmark
| | - Alexander Katalinic
- Institute for Cancer Epidemiology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
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Bretas G, Renna NL, Bines J. Practical considerations for expediting breast cancer treatment in Brazil. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. AMERICAS 2021; 2:100028. [PMID: 36779036 PMCID: PMC9904000 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2021.100028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Patients in Brazil continue to present with late-stage breast cancer. Notwithstanding these figures, policies and programs to overcome this long-lasting scenario have had limited results. We enlist the main barriers for advancing breast cancer diagnosis in Brazil, based on the available evidence, and we propose feasible strategies that may serve as a platform to address this major public health challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Bretas
- Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,Grupo Oncoclínicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - José Bines
- Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,Instituto D'Or de Pesquisa e Ensino (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,Corresponding author.
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49
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Nam J, Son S, Park KS, Moon JJ. Photothermal therapy combined with neoantigen cancer vaccination for effective immunotherapy against large established tumors and distant metastasis. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021; 4:2100093. [PMID: 34485685 PMCID: PMC8412374 DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202100093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Photothermal therapy (PTT) and neoantigen cancer vaccine each offers minimally invasive and highly specific cancer therapy; however, they are not effective against large established tumors due to physical and biological barriers that attenuate thermal ablation and abolish anti-tumor immunity. Here, we designed and performed comparative study using small (~ 50 mm3) and large (> 100 mm3) tumors to examine how tumor size affects the therapeutic efficiency of PTT and neoantigen cancer vaccine. We show that spiky gold nanoparticle (SGNP)-based PTT and synergistic dual adjuvant-based neoantigen cancer vaccine can efficiently regress small tumors as a single agent, but not large tumors due to limited internal heating and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). We report that PTT sensitizes tumors to neoantigen cancer vaccination by destroying and compromising the TME via thermally induced cellular and molecular damage, while neoantigen cancer vaccine reverts local immune suppression induced by PTT and shapes residual TME in favor of anti-tumor immunity. The combination therapy efficiently eradicated large local tumors and also exerted strong abscopal effect against pre-established distant tumors with robust systemic anti-tumor immunity. Thus, PTT combined with neoantigen cancer vaccine is a promising nano-immunotherapy for personalized therapy of advanced cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jutaek Nam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan
| | - Sejin Son
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan
| | - Kyung Soo Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan
| | - James J Moon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
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50
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Carson JW, Carson KM, Olsen M, Sanders L, Westbrook K, Keefe FJ, Porter LS. Yoga Practice Predicts Improvements in Day-to-Day Pain in Women With Metastatic Breast Cancer. J Pain Symptom Manage 2021; 61:1227-1233. [PMID: 33065208 PMCID: PMC8044267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Women with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) experience a significant symptom burden, including cancer pain. Yoga is a mind-body discipline that has shown promise for alleviating cancer pain, but few studies have included patients with metastatic disease or examined the acute effects of yoga practice. OBJECTIVES To determine whether daily pain changed significantly during a randomized controlled trial of the Mindful Yoga program among women with MBC and whether time spent in yoga practice was related to daily pain. METHODS On alternate weeks during the intervention period, we collected daily measures of pain from a subset of 48 women randomized to either yoga (n = 30) or a support group condition (n = 18). We also assessed daily duration of yoga practice among patients randomized to yoga. RESULTS Pain levels were low for women in both conditions, and no differential treatment effects were found on daily pain. However, among women randomized to yoga, a dose/response relationship was found between yoga practice duration and daily pain. When patients had spent relatively more time practicing yoga across two consecutive days, they were more likely to experience lower pain on the next day. This finding is consistent with an earlier MBC study. Meditation practice showed the strongest association with lower daily pain. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that yoga practice (meditation practice in particular) is associated with acute improvements in cancer pain, and that yoga interventions may be more impactful if tested in a sample of patients with advanced cancer in which pain is relatively elevated.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Carson
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
| | - Kimberly M Carson
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Maren Olsen
- Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Linda Sanders
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kelly Westbrook
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Francis J Keefe
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Laura S Porter
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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