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Jin C, Liao S, Lu G, Geng BD, Ye Z, Xu J, Ge G, Yang D. Cellular senescence in metastatic prostate cancer: A therapeutic opportunity or challenge (Review). Mol Med Rep 2024; 30:162. [PMID: 38994760 PMCID: PMC11258599 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The treatment of patients with metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) is considered to be a long‑standing challenge. Conventional treatments for metastatic PCa, such as radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy and androgen receptor‑targeted therapy, induce senescence of PCa cells to a certain extent. While senescent cells can impede tumor growth through the restriction of cell proliferation and increasing immune clearance, the senescent microenvironment may concurrently stimulate the secretion of a senescence‑associated secretory phenotype and diminish immune cell function, which promotes PCa recurrence and metastasis. Resistance to established therapies is the primary obstacle in treating metastatic PCa as it can lead to progression towards an incurable state of disease. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms that underly the progression of PCa is crucial for the development of novel therapeutic approaches. The present study reviews the phenomenon of treatment‑induced senescence in PCa, the dual role of senescence in PCa treatments and the mechanisms through which senescence promotes PCa metastasis. Furthermore, the present review discusses potential therapeutic strategies to target the aforementioned processes with the aim of providing insights into the evolving therapeutic landscape for the treatment of metastatic PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cen Jin
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, P.R. China
- Medical Imaging School, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, P.R. China
| | - Sijian Liao
- Clinical Medicine School, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, P.R. China
| | - Guoliang Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Anshun People's Hospital, Anshun, Guizhou 561000, P.R. China
| | - Bill D. Geng
- School of Natural Science, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Zi Ye
- Clinical Medicine School, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, P.R. China
| | - Jianwei Xu
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, P.R. China
| | - Guo Ge
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, P.R. China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, P.R. China
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2
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Shu L, Luo P, Chen Q, Liu J, Huang Y, Wu C, Pan X, Huang Z. Fibroin nanodisruptor with Ferroptosis-Autophagy synergism is potent for lung cancer treatment. Int J Pharm 2024:124582. [PMID: 39142466 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapy agents for lung cancer often cause apoptotic resistance in cells, leading to suboptimal therapeutic outcomes. FIN56 can be a potential treatment for lung cancer as it induces non-apoptotic cell death, namely ferroptosis. However, a bottleneck exists in FIN56-induced ferroptosis treatment; specifically, FIN56 fails to induce sufficient oxidative stress and may even trigger the defense system against ferroptosis, resulting in poor therapeutic efficacy. To overcome this, this study proposed a strategy of co-delivering FIN56 and piperlongumine to enhance the ferroptosis treatment effect by increasing oxidative stress and connecting with the autophagy pathway. FIN56 and piperlongumine were encapsulated into silk fibroin-based nano-disruptors, named FP@SFN. Characterization results showed that the particle size of FP@SFN was in the nanometer range and the distribution was uniform. Both in vivo and in vitro studies demonstrated that FP@SFN could effectively eliminate A549 cells and inhibit subcutaneous lung cancer tumors. Notably, ferroptosis and autophagy were identified as the main cell death pathways through which the nano-disruptors increased oxidative stress and facilitated cell membrane rupture. In conclusion, nano-disruptors can effectively enhance the therapeutic effect of ferroptosis treatment for lung cancer through the ferroptosis-autophagy synergy mechanism, providing a reference for the development of related therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, PR China; Panyu Central Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511400, PR China
| | - Peili Luo
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, PR China
| | - Qingxin Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, PR China
| | - Jingyang Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, PR China
| | - Ying Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, PR China.
| | - Chuanbin Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, PR China
| | - Xin Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Zhengwei Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, PR China.
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Piao M, Jin Y, Jin S, Min J, Lee SH, Cho YC, Lee KY. Piperlongumine inhibits the early stage of adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 735:150458. [PMID: 39098274 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Piperlongumine (PLM), a natural compound isolated from long peppers, has been reported to possess multiple pharmacological roles, including anti-tumor and anti-diabetic. However, the pharmacological role of PLM on adipogenesis is still unknown. In this study, we found that PLM strongly inhibited 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation. This inhibition was determined by the accumulation of lipid droplets and intracellular triglycerides. In addition, PLM downregulated both the mRNA and protein expression of adipogenic transcription factors, including CCAAT-enhancer binding proteins β (C/EBPβ), C/EBPα, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ). Based on the time-course experiment, we found that the inhibitory effect of PLM on adipogenesis was mainly involved in the early stage of adipogenesis. Studying these differential effects could uncover new mechanisms for regulating adipogenesis and new chemicals for treating obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyu Piao
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujian Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Shuyan Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Min
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chang Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwang Youl Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Su T, Chen YH, Wu KK, Xu XH. Anti-cancer agent piperlongumine is an inhibitor of transient receptor potential melastatin 7 channel in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Biosci 2024; 66:430-438. [PMID: 38452870 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To elucidate the association between the anticancer activities of piperlongumine (PL) and its potential target, transient receptor potential melastatin 7 channel (TRPM7), in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS The expression levels and electrical characteristics of TRPM7 as well as cell viability in response to various PL treatments were investigated in the OSCC cell line Cal27. RESULTS PL treatment resulted in a concentration- and time-dependent reduction in TRPM7 mRNA and protein expression in Cal27 cells. Furthermore, PL treatment inhibited TRPM7-like rectifying currents in Cal27 cells; however, this inhibition was less effective than that of the TRPM7 antagonist waixenicin A. Rapid perfusion and washout experiments revealed an immediate inhibitory effect of PL on TRPM7-like currents. The antagonistic effect of PL occurred within 1 min and was not completely reversed following washout. Notably, the extracellular Ca2+ concentration still influenced PL-induced changes in the TRPM7-like current, indicating that PL can directly but gently antagonize the TRPM7 channel. Functional changes in TRPM7 correlated with the observed antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects of PL in Cal27 cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that PL exhibits potent inhibitory effects on TRPM7 and exerts its anti-cancer effects by downregulating TRPM7 expression and antagonizing channel currents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Su
- Department of Stomatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Institute of Neuroscience, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Hui Chen
- Department of Prevention and Health-Care, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kan-Kui Wu
- Department of Stomatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Xu
- Department of Stomatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China.
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Cao P, Gu J, Liu M, Wang Y, Chen M, Jiang Y, Wang X, Zhu S, Gao X, Li S. BRMS1L confers anticancer activity in non-small cell lung cancer by transcriptionally inducing a redox imbalance in the GPX2-ROS pathway. Transl Oncol 2024; 41:101870. [PMID: 38262108 PMCID: PMC10832508 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Low expression levels of breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 like (BRMS1L) have been associated with the growth of cancer cells. However, the mechanisms underlying the role of BRMS1L as an antitumour transcription factor in the progression of NSCLC have not been explored. Herein, we reveal that BRMS1L plays a key role as a tumour suppressor in inhibiting NSCLC proliferation and metastasis. Mechanistically, BRMS1L overexpression results in the downregulation of glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPX2) expression and consequently causes abnormal glutathione metabolism and increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells, inducing oxidative stress injury and apoptosis. Furthermore, overexpression of GPX2 enhances the growth advantage and oxidative stress repair conferred by knockdown of BRMS1L. Importantly, we show that low expression of BRMS1L in NSCLC cells causes relatively high levels of antioxidant accumulation to maintain cell redox balance and renders cancer cells more sensitive to treatment with piperlongumine as an ROS inducer both in vitro and in vivo. These findings offer new insights into the role of BRMS1L as a transcriptional repressor in NSCLC and suggest that the BRMS1L expression level may be a potential biomarker for predicting the therapeutic response to small molecule ROS inducers, providing new ideas for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penglong Cao
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, China
| | - Juebin Gu
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, China
| | - Mulin Liu
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, China
| | - Yingxin Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Mingying Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, China
| | - Yizhu Jiang
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, China
| | - Siqi Zhu
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, China
| | - Xue Gao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
| | - Shijun Li
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, China.
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Khizar H, Hu Y, Wu Y, Yang J. The role and implication of autophagy in cholangiocarcinoma. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:332. [PMID: 37666811 PMCID: PMC10477247 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01631-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignant tumor that originates from the biliary epithelial cells. It is characterized by a difficult diagnosis and limited treatment options. Autophagy is a cellular survival mechanism that maintains nutrient and energy homeostasis and eliminates intracellular pathogens. It is involved in various physiological and pathological processes, including the development of cancer. However, the role, mechanism, and potential therapeutic targets of autophagy in CCA have not been thoroughly studied. In this review, we introduce the classification, characteristics, process, and related regulatory genes of autophagy. We summarize the regulation of autophagy on the progression of CCA and collect the latest research progress on some autophagy modulators with clinical potential in CCA. In conclusion, combining autophagy modulators with immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy has great potential in the treatment of CCA. This combination may be a potential therapeutic target for CCA in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayat Khizar
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of medicine, 310006, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Oncology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, International Institute of Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yufei Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of medicine, 310006, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth School of Clinical medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanhua Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of medicine, 310006, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth School of Clinical medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianfeng Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of medicine, 310006, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, 310006, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Biliary and Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, 310006, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Hangzhou Institute of Digestive Diseases, 310006, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Xu C, Zhao S, Li Z, Pan J, Zhou Y, Hu Q, Zou Y. Identification of altered metabolic functional components using metabolomics to analyze the different ages of fruiting bodies of Sanghuangporus vaninii cultivated on cut log substrates. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1197998. [PMID: 37662599 PMCID: PMC10472941 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1197998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sanghuangporus vaninii is a profitable traditional and medicinal edible fungus with uncommon therapeutic properties and medicinal value. The accumulation of active ingredients in this fungus that is used in traditional Chinese medicine is affected by its years of growth, and their pharmacological activities are also affected. However, the effects of age on the medicinal value of fruiting bodies of S. vaninii cultivated on cut log substrate remain unclear. In this study, an untargeted liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics approach was performed to characterize the profiles of metabolites from 1-, 2- and 3-year-old fruiting bodies of S. vaninii. A total of, 156 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were screened based on the criterion of a variable importance projection greater than 1.0 and p < 0.01, including 75% up regulated and 25% down regulated. The results of enrichment of metabolic pathways showed that the metabolites involved the biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites, biosynthesis of amino acids, central carbon metabolism in cancer, steroid hormone biosynthesis, linoleic acid metabolism, prolactin signaling pathway, and arginine biosynthesis, and so on. The biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites pathway was significantly activated. Five metabolites were significantly elevated within the growth of fruiting bodies, including 15-keto-prostaglandin F2a, (4S, 5R)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-iminohexanoate, adenylsuccinic acid, piplartine, and chenodeoxycholic acid. 15-keto-prostaglandin F2a is related to the pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism and was significantly increased up to 1,320- and 535-fold in the 2- and 3-year-old fruiting bodies, respectively, compared with those in the 1-year-old group. The presence of these bioactive natural products in S. vaninii is consistent with the traditional use of Sanghuang, which prompted an exploration of its use as a source of natural prostaglandin in the form of foods and nutraceuticals. These findings may provide insight into the functional components of S. vaninii to develop therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congtao Xu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Institute of Agri-Food Processing and Nutrition, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zihao Li
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinlong Pan
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingxiu Hu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yajie Zou
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Yang Y, Chen Y, Wu JH, Ren Y, Liu B, Zhang Y, Yu H. Targeting regulated cell death with plant natural compounds for cancer therapy: A revisited review of apoptosis, autophagy-dependent cell death, and necroptosis. Phytother Res 2023; 37:1488-1525. [PMID: 36717200 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Regulated cell death (RCD) refers to programmed cell death regulated by various protein molecules, such as apoptosis, autophagy-dependent cell death, and necroptosis. Accumulating evidence has recently revealed that RCD subroutines have several links to many types of human cancer; therefore, targeting RCD with pharmacological small-molecule compounds would be a promising therapeutic strategy. Moreover, plant natural compounds, small-molecule compounds synthesized from plant sources, and their derivatives have been widely reported to regulate different RCD subroutines to improve potential cancer therapy. Thus, in this review, we focus on updating the intricate mechanisms of apoptosis, autophagy-dependent cell death, and necroptosis in cancer. Moreover, we further discuss several representative plant natural compounds and their derivatives that regulate the above-mentioned three subroutines of RCD, and their potential as candidate small-molecule drugs for the future cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanmei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yueting Ren
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Temerity Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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He X, Li M, Ye Z, You X, Wang J, Xiao X, Zhu G, Wei J, Zha Y. Identification of Piperlongumine as Potent Inhibitor of Necroptosis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:1387-1394. [PMID: 37188283 PMCID: PMC10178306 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s397971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Excessive necroptosis contributes to the pathogenesis of several inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. Here, using a high-throughput screening approach, we investigated the anti-necroptosis effects of piperlongumine, an alkaloid isolated from the long pepper plant, in vitro and in a mouse model of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Methods A natural compound library was screened for anti-necroptosis effects in cellular. The underlying mechanism of action of the top candidate piperlongumine was explored by quantifying the necroptosis marker phosphorylated receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (p-RIPK1) by Western blotting. The anti-inflammatory effect of piperlongumine was assessed in a tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)-induced SIRS model in mice. Results Among the compounds investigated, piperlongumine significantly rescued cell viability. The half maximal effective concentration (EC50) of piperlongumine for inhibiting necroptosis was 0.47 μM in HT-29 cells, 6.41 μM in FADD-deficient Jurkat cells, and 2.33 µM in CCRF-CEM cells, while the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 95.4 µM in HT-29 cells, 93.02 µM in FADD-deficient Jurkat cells, and 161.1 µM in CCRF-CEM cells. Piperlongumine also significantly inhibited TNFα-induced intracellular RIPK1 Ser166 phosphorylation in cell lines and significantly prevented decreases in body temperature and improved survival in SIRS mice. Conclusion As a potent necroptosis inhibitor, piperlongumine prevents phosphorylation of RIPK1 at its activation residue Ser166. Piperlongumine thus potently inhibits necroptosis at concentrations safe enough for human cells in vitro and inhibits TNFα-induced SIRS in mice. Piperlongumine has potential clinical translational value for the treatment of the spectrum of diseases associated with necroptosis, including SIRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan He
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center for Rare Disease of Nervous System, The First Hospital of Yichang, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center for Rare Disease of Nervous System, The First Hospital of Yichang, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi Ye
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center for Rare Disease of Nervous System, The First Hospital of Yichang, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling You
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center for Rare Disease of Nervous System, The First Hospital of Yichang, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center for Rare Disease of Nervous System, The First Hospital of Yichang, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center for Rare Disease of Nervous System, The First Hospital of Yichang, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guofeng Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center for Rare Disease of Nervous System, The First Hospital of Yichang, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Wei
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center for Rare Disease of Nervous System, The First Hospital of Yichang, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Jun Wei; Yunhong Zha, Tel +86-15090922368; +86-13872662508, Email ;
| | - Yunhong Zha
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center for Rare Disease of Nervous System, The First Hospital of Yichang, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, People’s Republic of China
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Makhov P, Fazliyeva R, Tufano A, Uzzo RG, Cai KQ, Serebriiskii I, Snyder NW, Andrews AJ, Kolenko VM. Acetyl-CoA Counteracts the Inhibitory Effect of Antiandrogens on Androgen Receptor Signaling in Prostate Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5900. [PMID: 36497382 PMCID: PMC9738902 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The commonly used therapeutic management of PC involves androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) followed by treatment with AR signaling inhibitors (ARSI). However, nearly all patients develop drug-resistant disease, with a median progression-free survival of less than 2 years in chemotherapy-naïve men. Acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) is a central metabolic signaling molecule with key roles in biosynthetic processes and cancer signaling. In signaling, acetyl-CoA serves as the acetyl donor for acetylation, a critical post-translational modification. Acetylation affects the androgen receptor (AR) both directly and indirectly increasing expression of AR dependent genes. Our studies reveal that PC cells respond to the treatment with ARSI by increasing expression of ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY), a major enzyme responsible for cytosolic acetyl-CoA synthesis, and up-regulation of acetyl-CoA intracellular levels. Inhibition of ACLY results in a significant suppression of ligand-dependent and -independent routes of AR activation. Accordingly, the addition of exogenous acetyl-CoA, or its precursor acetate, augments AR transcriptional activity and diminishes the anti-AR activity of ARSI. Taken together, our findings suggest that PC cells respond to antiandrogens by increasing activity of the acetyl-coA pathway in order to reinstate AR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Makhov
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Rushaniya Fazliyeva
- Cancer Signaling and Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Antonio Tufano
- Urology Unit, Department of Maternal-Child and Urological Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Robert G. Uzzo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Kathy Q. Cai
- Histopathology Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Ilya Serebriiskii
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
- Kazan Federal University, 420000 Kazan, Russia
| | - Nathaniel W. Snyder
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research and the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Andrew J. Andrews
- Cancer Signaling and Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Vladimir M. Kolenko
- Cancer Signaling and Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
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11
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Trelford CB, Dagnino L, Di Guglielmo GM. Transforming growth factor-β in tumour development. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:991612. [PMID: 36267157 PMCID: PMC9577372 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.991612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) is a ubiquitous cytokine essential for embryonic development and postnatal tissue homeostasis. TGFβ signalling regulates several biological processes including cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis, immune function, and tissue repair following injury. Aberrant TGFβ signalling has been implicated in tumour progression and metastasis. Tumour cells, in conjunction with their microenvironment, may augment tumourigenesis using TGFβ to induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, immune suppression, and autophagy. Therapies that target TGFβ synthesis, TGFβ-TGFβ receptor complexes or TGFβ receptor kinase activity have proven successful in tissue culture and in animal models, yet, due to limited understanding of TGFβ biology, the outcomes of clinical trials are poor. Here, we review TGFβ signalling pathways, the biology of TGFβ during tumourigenesis, and how protein quality control pathways contribute to the tumour-promoting outcomes of TGFβ signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles B. Trelford
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Lina Dagnino
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Children’s Health Research Institute and Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Gianni M. Di Guglielmo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Gianni M. Di Guglielmo,
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Polyphyllin I Promotes Autophagic Cell Death and Apoptosis of Colon Cancer Cells via the ROS-Inhibited AKT/mTOR Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169368. [PMID: 36012632 PMCID: PMC9409257 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract, and it is considered among the biggest killers. Scientific and reasonable treatments can effectively improve the survival rate of patients if performed in the early stages. Polyphyllin I (PPI), a pennogenyl saponin isolated from Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis, has exhibited strong anti-cancer activities in previous studies. Here, we report that PPI exhibits a cytotoxic effect on colon cancer cells. PPI suppressed cell viability and induced autophagic cell death in SW480 cells after 12 and 24 h, with the IC50 values 4.9 ± 0.1 μmol/L and 3.5 ± 0.2 μmol/L, respectively. Furthermore, we found PPI induced time-concentration-dependent autophagy and apoptosis in SW480 cells. In addition, down-regulated AKT/mTOR activity was found in PPI-treated SW480 cells. Increased levels of ROS might link to autophagy and apoptosis because reducing the level of ROS by antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment mitigated PPI-induced autophagy and apoptosis. Although we did not know the molecular mechanism of how PPI induced ROS production, this is the first study to show that PPI induces ROS production and down-regulates the AKT/mTOR pathway, which subsequently promotes the autophagic cell death and apoptosis of colon cancer cells. This present study reports PPI as a potential therapeutic agent for colon cancer and reveals its underlying mechanisms of action.
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Phytochemicals for the Prevention and Treatment of Renal Cell Carcinoma: Preclinical and Clinical Evidence and Molecular Mechanisms. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133278. [PMID: 35805049 PMCID: PMC9265746 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most frequently diagnosed kidney cancer. Once RCC metastasizes, successful treatment is difficult to achieve. There is an apparent need for novel approaches to prevent and treat RCC. Phytochemicals are naturally derived compounds gaining increasing scientific interest due to their cancer preventive and chemotherapeutic properties. These phytochemicals have been shown to exhibit a multitude of anticancer effects against RCC. In this systematic review, we critically evaluate the potential these natural compounds possess for the prevention and treatment of RCC and discuss the future implications this may have in the fight against kidney cancer. Abstract Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is associated with about 90% of renal malignancies, and its incidence is increasing globally. Plant-derived compounds have gained significant attention in the scientific community for their preventative and therapeutic effects on cancer. To evaluate the anticancer potential of phytocompounds for RCC, we compiled a comprehensive and systematic review of the available literature. Our work was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria. The literature search was performed using scholarly databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect and keywords such as renal cell carcinoma, phytochemicals, cancer, tumor, proliferation, apoptosis, prevention, treatment, in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. Based on in vitro results, various phytochemicals, such as phenolics, terpenoids, alkaloids, and sulfur-containing compounds, suppressed cell viability, proliferation and growth, showed cytotoxic activity, inhibited invasion and migration, and enhanced the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs in RCC. In various animal tumor models, phytochemicals suppressed renal tumor growth, reduced tumor size, and hindered angiogenesis and metastasis. The relevant antineoplastic mechanisms involved upregulation of caspases, reduction in cyclin activity, induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via modulation of a plethora of cell signaling pathways. Clinical studies demonstrated a reduced risk for the development of kidney cancer and enhancement of the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs. Both preclinical and clinical studies displayed significant promise of utilizing phytochemicals for the prevention and treatment of RCC. Further research, confirming the mechanisms and regulatory pathways, along with randomized controlled trials, are needed to establish the use of phytochemicals in clinical practice.
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Rawat L, Nayak V. Piperlongumine induces ROS mediated apoptosis by transcriptional regulation of SMAD4/P21/P53 genes and synergizes with doxorubicin in osteosarcoma cells. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 354:109832. [PMID: 35085581 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Piperlongumine is a herbal drug, with well-known anti-microbial and anti-neoplastic properties. The anti-carcinogenic potential of piperlongumine has been extensively explored for breast, colorectal, lungs, pancreatic, prostate, and oral carcinoma. However, a few numbers of studies are available on its bio-activity in osteosarcoma. Therefore, the present study aimed at exploring the therapeutic potential and possible mechanisms of action of piperlongumine in three human osteosarcoma cell lines in-vitro. The cytotoxicity of piperlongumine was determined by MTT assay, which shows dose and time-dependent inhibition of MG-63, 143B and KHOS/NP cells. Piperlongumine arrest the cells in G2/M phase of cell cycle and increases reactive oxygen species production, which possibly leads to lethal oxidative stress and apoptosis. Piperlongumine treatment significantly upregulated the expression of genes BAX, P21, P53, and SMAD4; while the BCL-2, SURVIVIN, TNFA, and NFKB genes expression was found down-regulated. Furthermore, piperlongumine exposure inhibited the migration of osteosarcoma cells as the expression of migration marker genes CDH2, CTNNB1, FN1, and TWIST were found to be down-regulated. The drug combination studies show the synergistic effect of piperlongumine with the conventional chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin in osteosarcoma cells. Taken together, the above results suggest that PL displays anticancer properties against osteosarcoma and can be used as a therapeutic agent for osteosarcoma treatment in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laxminarayan Rawat
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, K.K. Birla Goa Campus, NH-17B, Zuarinagar, Goa, 403726, India.
| | - Vijayashree Nayak
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, K.K. Birla Goa Campus, NH-17B, Zuarinagar, Goa, 403726, India.
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15
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Qian J, Xu Z, Zhu P, Meng C, Liu Y, Shan W, He A, Gu Y, Ran F, Zhang Y, Ling Y. A Derivative of Piperlongumine and Ligustrazine as a Potential Thioredoxin Reductase Inhibitor in Drug-Resistant Hepatocellular Carcinoma. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:3161-3168. [PMID: 34806369 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The natural products piperlongumine (1) and ligustrazine (2) have been reported to exert antiproliferative effects against various types of cancer cells by up-regulating the level of reactive oxidative species (ROS). However, the moderate activities of 1 and 2 limit their application. To improve their potential antitumor activity, novel piperlongumine/ligustrazine derivatives were designed and prepared, and their potential pharmacological effects were determined in vitro and in vivo. Among the derivatives obtained, 11 exerted more prominent inhibitory activities against proliferation of drug-sensitive/-resistant cancer cells with lower IC50 values than 1. Particularly, the IC50 value of 11 against drug-resistant Bel-7402/5-FU cells was 0.9 μM, which was about 9-fold better than that of 1 (IC50 value of 8.4 μM). Mechanistic studies showed that 11 demonstrated thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) inhibitory activity, increase of ROS levels, decrease of mitochondrial transmembrane potential levels, and occurrence of DNA damage and autophagy, in a dose-dependent manner, via regulation of DNA damage protein H2AX and autophagy-associated proteins LC3, beclin-1, and p62 in drug-resistant Bel-7402/5-FU cells. Finally, compound 11 at 5 mg/kg displayed potent antitumor activity in vivo with tumor suppression of 76% (w/w). Taken together, compound 11 may represent a promising candidate drug for the chemotherapy of drug-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma and warrant more intensive study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Qian
- Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongyuan Xu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Meng
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenpei Shan
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ang He
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yipeng Gu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Fansheng Ran
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Ling
- Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
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16
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Truong Hoang Q, Kim M, Kim BC, Lee CY, Shim MS. Pro-oxidant drug-loaded porphyrinic zirconium metal-organic-frameworks for cancer-specific sonodynamic therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 209:112189. [PMID: 34752984 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy, which utilizes ultrasound (US) to produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS), can overcome the critical drawbacks of photodynamic therapy, such as limited tissue penetration depth. However, the development of sonosensitizers having superior sonodynamic effects and desirable biocompatibility remains a major challenge. In this study, nanoscale zirconium-based porphyrinic metal organic frameworks (MOFs) (PCN-222) were developed as safe and effective nanosonosensitizers. Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-coated PCN-222 (PEG-PCN) was loaded with a pro-oxidant drug, piperlongumine (PL), to enable tumor-specific chemo-photodynamic combination therapy. Both PEG-PCN and PL-incorporated PEG-PCN (PL-PEG-PCN) showed high colloidal stability in biological media. In addition, nanoscale PL-PEG-PCN was efficiently internalized by breast cancer cells, leading to substantially increased ROS generation under US exposure. The effective intracellular delivery of PL by PEG-PCN further elevated the level of intracellular ROS in breast cancer cells owing to the pro-oxidative activity of PL. Therefore, PL-PEG-PCN revealed significantly higher sonotoxicity than free PL and PEG-PCN. Owing to the cancer-specific apoptosis triggered by PL, PL-PEG-PCN showed cancer-selective cell death in breast cancer cells compared with normal fibroblast cells. This study demonstrates that pro-oxidant drug-loaded porphyrinic MOFs are biocompatible and effective sonosensitizers for cancer-targeted chemo-sonodynamic combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Truong Hoang
- Department of Nano-Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyeon Kim
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Choul Kim
- Department of Nano-Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Yeon Lee
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min Suk Shim
- Department of Nano-Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Trelford CB, Di Guglielmo GM. Canonical and Non-canonical TGFβ Signaling Activate Autophagy in an ULK1-Dependent Manner. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:712124. [PMID: 34760883 PMCID: PMC8573198 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.712124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism(s) in which transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ) modulates autophagy in cancer remain unclear. Here, we characterized the TGFβ signaling pathways that induce autophagy in non-small cell lung cancer cells, using cells lines stably expressing GFP-LC3-RFP-LC3ΔG constructs that measure autophagic flux. We demonstrated that TGFβ1 increases Unc 51-like kinase 1 (ULK1) protein levels, 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent ULK1 phosphorylation at serine (S) 555 and ULK1 complex formation but decreases mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity on ULK1. Further analysis revealed that the canonical Smad4 pathway and the non-canonical TGFβ activated kinase 1/tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6/P38 mitogen activated protein kinase (TAK1-TRAF6-P38 MAPK) pathway are important for TGFβ1-induced autophagy. The TAK1-TRAF6-P38 MAPK pathway was essential for downregulating mTOR S2448 phosphorylation, ULK1 S555 phosphorylation and autophagosome formation. Furthermore, although siRNA-mediated Smad4 silencing did not alter mTOR-dependent ULK1 S757 phosphorylation, it did reduce AMPK-dependent ULK1 S555 phosphorylation and autophagosome formation. Additionally, Smad4 silencing and inhibiting the TAK1-TRAF6-P38 MAPK pathway decreased autophagosome-lysosome co-localization in the presence of TGFβ. Our results suggest that the Smad4 and TAK1-TRAF6-P38 MAPK signaling pathways are essential for TGFβ-induced autophagy and provide specific targets for the inhibition of TGFβ in tumor cells that utilize autophagy in their epithelial-mesenchymal transition program.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gianni M. Di Guglielmo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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18
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Parama D, Rana V, Girisa S, Verma E, Daimary UD, Thakur KK, Kumar A, Kunnumakkara AB. The promising potential of piperlongumine as an emerging therapeutics for cancer. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2021; 2:323-354. [PMID: 36046754 PMCID: PMC9400693 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2021.00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In spite of the immense advancement in the diagnostic and treatment modalities, cancer continues to be one of the leading causes of mortality across the globe, responsible for the death of around 10 million patients every year. The foremost challenges faced in the treatment of this disease are chemoresistance, adverse effects of the drugs, and the high cost of treatment. Though scientific studies over the past few decades have foreseen and are focusing on the cancer-preventive and therapeutic potential of natural products and their underlying mechanism of action, many more of these agents are not still explored. Piperlongumine (PL), or piplartine, is one such alkaloid isolated from Piper longum Linn. which is shown to be safe and has significant potential in the prevention and therapy of cancer. Numerous shreds of evidence have established the ability of this alkaloid and its analogs and nanoformulations in modulating various complex molecular pathways such as phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B /mammalian target of rapamycin, nuclear factor kappa-B, Janus kinases/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, etc. and inhibit different hallmarks of cancer such as cell survival, proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal-transition, metastases, etc. In addition, PL was also shown to inhibit radioresistance and chemoresistance and sensitize the cancer cells to the standard chemotherapeutic agents. Therefore, this compound has high potential as a drug candidate for the prevention and treatment of different cancers. The current review briefly reiterates the anti-cancer properties of PL against different types of cancer, which permits further investigation by conducting clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dey Parama
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Varsha Rana
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Elika Verma
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Uzini Devi Daimary
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Krishan Kumar Thakur
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
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Dan VM, Raveendran RS, Baby S. Resistance to Intervention: Paclitaxel in Breast Cancer. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 21:1237-1268. [PMID: 33319669 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520999201214234421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer stands as the most prevalent cancer in women globally, and contributes to the highest percentage of mortality due to cancer-related deaths in women. Paclitaxel (PTX) is heavily relied on as a frontline chemotherapy drug in breast cancer treatment, especially in advanced metastatic cancer. Generation of resistance to PTX often derails clinical management and adversely affects patient outcomes. Understanding the molecular mechanism of PTX resistance is necessary to device methods to aid in overcoming the resistance. Recent studies exploring the mechanism of development of PTX resistance have led to unveiling of a range novel therapeutic targets. PTX resistance pathways that involve major regulatory proteins/RNAs like RNF8/Twist/ROR1, TLR, ErbB3/ErbB2, BRCA1- IRIS, MENA, LIN9, MiRNA, FoxM1 and IRAK1 have expanded the complexity of resistance mechanisms, and brought newer insights into the development of drug targets. These resistance-related targets can be dealt with synthetic/natural therapeutics in combination with PTX. The present review encompasses the recent understanding of PTX resistance mechanisms in breast cancer and possible therapeutic combinations to overcome resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin Mohan Dan
- Microbiology Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Pacha-Palode 695562, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Reji Saradha Raveendran
- Microbiology Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Pacha-Palode 695562, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Sabulal Baby
- Phytochemistry and Phytopharmacology Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Pacha-Palode 695562, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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20
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Zhu P, Qian J, Xu Z, Meng C, Zhu W, Ran F, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Ling Y. Overview of piperlongumine analogues and their therapeutic potential. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 220:113471. [PMID: 33930801 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Natural products have long been an important source for discovery of new drugs to treat human diseases. Piperlongumine (PL) is an amide alkaloid isolated from Piper longum L. (long piper) and other piper plants and has received widespread attention because of its diverse biological activities. A large number of PL derivatives have been designed, synthesized and assessed in many pharmacological functions, including antiplatelet aggregation, neuroprotective activities, anti-diabetic activities, anti-inflammatory activities, anti-senolytic activities, immune activities, and antitumor activities. Among them, the anti-tumor effects and application of PL and its derivatives are most extensively studied. We herein summarize the development of PL derivatives, the structure and activity relationships (SARs), and their therapeutic potential on the treatments of various diseases, especially against cancer. We also discussed the challenges and future directions associated with PL and its derivatives in these indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhu
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China; School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau
| | - Jianqiang Qian
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China; School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Zhongyuan Xu
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China; School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Chi Meng
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Weizhong Zhu
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China; School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Fansheng Ran
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau.
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China; School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
| | - Yong Ling
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China; School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
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21
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Inhibitors of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway in Prostate Cancer Chemoprevention and Intervention. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13081195. [PMID: 34452154 PMCID: PMC8400324 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/serine-threonine kinase (Akt)/mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR)-signaling pathway has been suggested to have connections with the malignant transformation, growth, proliferation, and metastasis of various cancers and solid tumors. Relevant connections between the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, cell survival, and prostate cancer (PC) provide a great therapeutic target for PC prevention or treatment. Recent studies have focused on small-molecule mTOR inhibitors or their usage in coordination with other therapeutics for PC treatment that are currently undergoing clinical testing. In this study, the function of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, the consequence of its dysregulation, and the development of mTOR inhibitors, either as an individual substance or in combination with other agents, and their clinical implications are discussed. The rationale for targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, and specifically the application and potential utility of natural agents involved in PC treatment is described. In addition to the small-molecule mTOR inhibitors, there are evidence that several natural agents are able to target the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in prostatic neoplasms. These natural mTOR inhibitors can interfere with the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway through multiple mechanisms; however, inhibition of Akt and suppression of mTOR 1 activity are two major therapeutic approaches. Combination therapy improves the efficacy of these inhibitors to either suppress the PC progression or circumvent the resistance by cancer cells.
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Xu P, Xiao J, Chi S. Piperlongumine attenuates oxidative stress, inflammatory, and apoptosis through modulating the GLUT-2/4 and AKT signaling pathway in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:1-12. [PMID: 33724628 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The current study was done to measure the role of piperlongumine (PL) on hyperglycemia interrelated oxidative stress-mediated inflammation and apoptosis, inflammatory stress, and the diabetic insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2), protein kinase B (AKT), and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT-2)/4 signaling pathway in streptozotocin (STZ)-persuaded diabetic animals. Diabetes was initiated in experimental animals via a single dose intraperitoneal inoculation of STZ. Diabetic rats revealed an augmented blood-glucose level with drastically diminished plasma-insulin status. The functions of antioxidants were diminished with enhanced lipid peroxidation, conjugated dienes, and protein carbonyls noticed in diabetic rats' plasma and pancreatic tissues. An elevation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 proteins was noticed in pancreatic tissues as well as IRS2, AKT, GLUT-2, and GLUT-4 marker expressions were quantified in the hepatic tissue of control and diabetic rats. Oral administration of PL for 30 days drastically lowered glucose and higher insulin status in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Impressively, PL oral supplementation considerably restored the antioxidant levels and reduced inflammation and diabetic marker expressions in STZ-diabetic rats. These results were supported through a histological study. Moreover, PL also augmented the level of B-cell lymphoma 2 and diminished the level of Bcl-2-associated X protein in STZ-treated rat's hepatic tissues. Thus, we concluded that PL excellently rescued pancreatic β cells through mitigating hyperglycemia via dynamic insulin secretion, activating antioxidants, and inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis in the pancreatic and hepatic tissue of diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shenzhen People's Hospital (Second Clinical Medical Collage of Jinan University), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Juan Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Shuixia Chi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang Central Hospital, Xianyang, China
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23
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Ghaznavi H, Shirvaliloo M, Zarebkohan A, Shams Z, Radnia F, Bahmanpour Z, Sargazi S, Saravani R, Shirvalilou S, Shahraki O, Shahraki S, Nazarlou Z, Sheervalilou R. An Updated Review on Implications of Autophagy and Apoptosis in Tumorigenesis: Possible Alterations in Autophagy through Engineered Nanomaterials and Their Importance in Cancer Therapy. Mol Pharmacol 2021; 100:119-143. [PMID: 33990406 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.121.000234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Most commonly recognized as a catabolic pathway, autophagy is a perplexing mechanism through which a living cell can free itself of excess cytoplasmic components, i.e., organelles, by means of certain membranous vesicles or lysosomes filled with degrading enzymes. Upon exposure to external insult or internal stimuli, the cell might opt to activate such a pathway, through which it can gain control over the maintenance of intracellular components and thus sustain homeostasis by intercepting the formation of unnecessary structures or eliminating the already present dysfunctional or inutile organelles. Despite such appropriateness, autophagy might also be considered a frailty for the cell, as it has been said to have a rather complicated role in tumorigenesis. A merit in the early stages of tumor formation, autophagy appears to be salutary because of its tumor-suppressing effects. In fact, several investigations on tumorigenesis have reported diminished levels of autophagic activity in tumor cells, which might result in transition to malignancy. On the contrary, autophagy has been suggested to be a seemingly favorable mechanism to progressed malignancies, as it contributes to survival of such cells. Based on the recent literature, this mechanism might also be activated upon the entry of engineered nanomaterials inside a cell, supposedly protecting the host from foreign materials. Accordingly, there is a good chance that therapeutic interventions for modulating autophagy in malignant cells using nanoparticles may sensitize cancerous cells to certain treatment modalities, e.g., radiotherapy. In this review, we will discuss the signaling pathways involved in autophagy and the significance of the mechanism itself in apoptosis and tumorigenesis while shedding light on possible alterations in autophagy through engineered nanomaterials and their potential therapeutic applications in cancer. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Autophagy has been said to have a complicated role in tumorigenesis. In the early stages of tumor formation, autophagy appears to be salutary because of its tumor-suppressing effects. On the contrary, autophagy has been suggested to be a favorable mechanism to progressed malignancies. This mechanism might be affected upon the entry of nanomaterials inside a cell. Accordingly, therapeutic interventions for modulating autophagy using nanoparticles may sensitize cancerous cells to certain therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Ghaznavi
- Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (H.G.), Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, (M.S.), Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences,Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (A.Z.), Department of Biological Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran (Z.S.), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (F.R.), Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (Z.B.), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (S.Sar), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (R.S.), Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (S.Sh), Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (O.S), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (S.Sha), Material Engineering Department, College of Science Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey (Z.N.), Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (R.Sh)
| | - Milad Shirvaliloo
- Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (H.G.), Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, (M.S.), Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences,Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (A.Z.), Department of Biological Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran (Z.S.), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (F.R.), Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (Z.B.), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (S.Sar), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (R.S.), Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (S.Sh), Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (O.S), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (S.Sha), Material Engineering Department, College of Science Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey (Z.N.), Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (R.Sh)
| | - Amir Zarebkohan
- Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (H.G.), Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, (M.S.), Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences,Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (A.Z.), Department of Biological Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran (Z.S.), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (F.R.), Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (Z.B.), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (S.Sar), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (R.S.), Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (S.Sh), Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (O.S), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (S.Sha), Material Engineering Department, College of Science Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey (Z.N.), Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (R.Sh)
| | - Zinat Shams
- Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (H.G.), Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, (M.S.), Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences,Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (A.Z.), Department of Biological Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran (Z.S.), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (F.R.), Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (Z.B.), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (S.Sar), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (R.S.), Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (S.Sh), Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (O.S), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (S.Sha), Material Engineering Department, College of Science Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey (Z.N.), Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (R.Sh)
| | - Fatemeh Radnia
- Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (H.G.), Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, (M.S.), Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences,Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (A.Z.), Department of Biological Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran (Z.S.), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (F.R.), Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (Z.B.), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (S.Sar), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (R.S.), Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (S.Sh), Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (O.S), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (S.Sha), Material Engineering Department, College of Science Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey (Z.N.), Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (R.Sh)
| | - Zahra Bahmanpour
- Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (H.G.), Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, (M.S.), Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences,Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (A.Z.), Department of Biological Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran (Z.S.), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (F.R.), Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (Z.B.), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (S.Sar), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (R.S.), Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (S.Sh), Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (O.S), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (S.Sha), Material Engineering Department, College of Science Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey (Z.N.), Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (R.Sh)
| | - Saman Sargazi
- Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (H.G.), Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, (M.S.), Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences,Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (A.Z.), Department of Biological Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran (Z.S.), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (F.R.), Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (Z.B.), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (S.Sar), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (R.S.), Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (S.Sh), Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (O.S), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (S.Sha), Material Engineering Department, College of Science Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey (Z.N.), Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (R.Sh)
| | - Ramin Saravani
- Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (H.G.), Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, (M.S.), Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences,Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (A.Z.), Department of Biological Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran (Z.S.), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (F.R.), Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (Z.B.), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (S.Sar), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (R.S.), Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (S.Sh), Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (O.S), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (S.Sha), Material Engineering Department, College of Science Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey (Z.N.), Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (R.Sh)
| | - Sakine Shirvalilou
- Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (H.G.), Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, (M.S.), Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences,Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (A.Z.), Department of Biological Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran (Z.S.), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (F.R.), Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (Z.B.), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (S.Sar), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (R.S.), Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (S.Sh), Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (O.S), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (S.Sha), Material Engineering Department, College of Science Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey (Z.N.), Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (R.Sh)
| | - Omolbanin Shahraki
- Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (H.G.), Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, (M.S.), Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences,Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (A.Z.), Department of Biological Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran (Z.S.), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (F.R.), Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (Z.B.), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (S.Sar), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (R.S.), Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (S.Sh), Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (O.S), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (S.Sha), Material Engineering Department, College of Science Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey (Z.N.), Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (R.Sh)
| | - Sheida Shahraki
- Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (H.G.), Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, (M.S.), Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences,Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (A.Z.), Department of Biological Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran (Z.S.), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (F.R.), Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (Z.B.), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (S.Sar), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (R.S.), Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (S.Sh), Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (O.S), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (S.Sha), Material Engineering Department, College of Science Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey (Z.N.), Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (R.Sh)
| | - Ziba Nazarlou
- Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (H.G.), Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, (M.S.), Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences,Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (A.Z.), Department of Biological Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran (Z.S.), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (F.R.), Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (Z.B.), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (S.Sar), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (R.S.), Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (S.Sh), Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (O.S), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (S.Sha), Material Engineering Department, College of Science Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey (Z.N.), Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (R.Sh)
| | - Roghayeh Sheervalilou
- Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (H.G.), Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, (M.S.), Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences,Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (A.Z.), Department of Biological Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran (Z.S.), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (F.R.), Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (Z.B.), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (S.Sar), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (R.S.), Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (S.Sh), Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (O.S), Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (S.Sha), Material Engineering Department, College of Science Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey (Z.N.), Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran (R.Sh)
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Allaman-Pillet N, Schorderet DF. Piperlongumine promotes death of retinoblastoma cancer cells. Oncotarget 2021; 12:907-916. [PMID: 33953844 PMCID: PMC8092346 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinoblastoma is the most common pediatric intraocular malignant tumor. While retinoblastoma initiation is triggered by the inactivation of both alleles of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene (RB1) in the developing retina, tumor progression requires additional epigenetic changes, retinoblastoma genomes being quite stable. Although the management of RB has recently improved, new therapeutic agents are necessary to improve the treatment of advanced forms of retinoblastoma. In this report, we analyzed the pro-death effect of piperlongumine (PL), a natural compound isolated from Piper longum L., on two human retinoblastoma cell lines, WERI-Rb and Y79. The effects of PL on cell proliferation, cell death and cell cycle were investigated. PL effectively inhibited cell growth, impacted the cell cycle by decreasing the level of cyclins and CDK1 and increasing CDKN1A and triggered a caspase-3 independant cell death process in which reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is a major player. Indeed, PL toxicity in retinoblastoma cell lines was inhibited by a ROS scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) treatment. These findings suggest that PL reduces tumor growth and induces cell death by regulating the cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel F Schorderet
- Institute for Research in Ophthalmology, Sion, Switzerland.,University of Lausanne, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Faculty of Life Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland
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25
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Kulkarni MR, Lad NP, Khedkar VM, Gaikwad ND. Synthesis, in vitro cytotoxicity, and molecular docking study of novel 3,
4‐dihydroisoquinolin
‐1(
2
H
)‐one based piperlongumine analogues. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh R. Kulkarni
- Organic Chemistry Research Centre, Department of Chemistry K.R.T. Arts, B.H. Commerce and A.M. Science College Nashik India
| | - Nitin P. Lad
- Organic Chemistry Research Centre, Department of Chemistry K.R.T. Arts, B.H. Commerce and A.M. Science College Nashik India
| | | | - Nitin D. Gaikwad
- Organic Chemistry Research Centre, Department of Chemistry K.R.T. Arts, B.H. Commerce and A.M. Science College Nashik India
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26
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Huang CY, Chang YJ, Wei PL, Hung CS, Wang W. Methyl gallate, gallic acid-derived compound, inhibit cell proliferation through increasing ROS production and apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248521. [PMID: 33725002 PMCID: PMC7963062 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a global health problem. Currently, there is no effective therapeutic strategy for HCC. Methyl gallate (MG), from plant-derived phenolic gallic acid, has exhibited antitumor efficacy. However, the effect of MG on HCC is unclear. In vitro growth activity was detected by a sulforhodamine assay. A zebrafish xenotransplantation was applied to evaluate the inhibitory effect of MG. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, autophagy, and lysosome formation were detected by specific dyes. Finally, apoptosis was examined using annexin V-FITC/PI staining and western blot was performed to determine the molecular mechanism. It was demonstrated that MG treatment inhibited the proliferation of Hep3B, Mahlavu, and HepJ5 cells. Xenotransplantation also showed that MG inhibited the growth of Hep3B and HepJ5 cells. MG treatment increased cellular levels of superoxide and oxidative stress. Increases in autophagy and lysosome formation were found after MG treatment. The western blot analysis showed that MG activated cleavage of caspase-3 and poly (SDP ribose) polymerase (PARP), modulated levels of the Bcl2, Bax, and Bad ligands, and induced apoptosis. MG induced autophagy with notable activation of beclin-1, autophagy related 5+12 (ATG5+12), and conversion of light chain 3-I (LC3-I) to II. Our study showed that MG exposure inhibited HCC proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. And blocking autophagy enhanced MG-induced cytotoxicity in HCC cells. These findings suggested MG might serve as a powerful therapeutic supplement for human HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yu Huang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jia Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (YJC); (WW)
| | - Po-Li Wei
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cancer Research Center and Translational Laboratory, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Sheng Hung
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Weu Wang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (YJC); (WW)
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27
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Gu J, Qiu M, Lu Y, Ji Y, Qian Z, Sun W. Piperlongumine attenuates angiotensin-II-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis by inhibiting Akt-FoxO1 signalling. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 82:153461. [PMID: 33497927 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis are closely related to cardiac dysfunction, especially diastolic dysfunction. Limited medications can be used to simultaneously delay cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in clinical practice. Piperlongumine (PLG) is an amide alkaloid extracted from Piper longum and has been shown to have multiple biological effects, including anticancer and antioxidant effects. However, the role of PLG in cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis is not clear. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to reveal the role of PLG in cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis and the associated mechanism. METHODS Cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis were induced by angiotensin II (Ang II) in vivo and in vitro. The effect of PLG in vivo, in vitro and its mechanism were investigated by proliferation and apoptosis assays, western blot, real-time PCR, immunofluorescence, histochemistry, echocardiography, flow cytometry and chromatin immunoprecipitation. RESULTS Proliferation and apoptosis assays showed that 2.5 μM PLG slightly inhibited proliferation and did not promote apoptosis. Treatment with 5 mg/kg PLG obviously inhibited Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in vivo. In vitro studies of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) showed that the anti-hypertrophic effect of PLG was mediated by reducing the phosphorylation of Akt and thereby preserving the level of Forkhead box transcription factor O1 (FoxO1), since knockdown of FoxO1 by siRNA reversed the protective effect of PLG on NRCMs. In addition, PLG significantly decreased the Ang II-induced expression of profibrotic proteins in neonatal cardiac fibroblasts by reducing the expression of Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and the recruitment of KLF4 to the promoter regions of transforming growth factor-β and connective tissue growth factor. CONCLUSION We demonstrate the cardioprotective effects of PLG in both cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis and the potential value of PLG for developing novel medications for pathological cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Gu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Ming Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yue Ji
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zhihong Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Liyang People's Hospital, Liyang, PR China.
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Liyang People's Hospital, Liyang, PR China; Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China.
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The Jekyll and Hyde of Cellular Senescence in Cancer. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020208. [PMID: 33494247 PMCID: PMC7909764 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a state of stable cell cycle arrest that can be triggered in response to various insults and is characterized by distinct morphological hallmarks, gene expression profiles, and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Importantly, cellular senescence is a key component of normal physiology with tumor suppressive functions. In the last few decades, novel cancer treatment strategies exploiting pro-senescence therapies have attracted considerable interest. Recent insight, however, suggests that therapy-induced senescence (TIS) elicits cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous implications that potentially entail detrimental consequences, reflecting the Jekyll and Hyde nature of cancer cell senescence. In essence, the undesirable manifestations that generally culminate in inflammation, cancer stemness, senescence reversal, therapy resistance, and disease recurrence are dictated by the persistent accumulation of senescent cells and the SASP. Thus, mitigating these pro-tumorigenic effects by eliminating these cells or inhibiting their SASP production holds great promise for developing innovative therapeutic strategies. In this review, we describe the fundamental aspects and dynamics of cancer cell senescence and summarize the comprehensive research on the adverse outcomes of TIS. Furthermore, we underline the rationale and motivation of emerging senotherapeutic modalities surrounding the removal of senescent cells and the SASP to help maximize the overall efficacy of cancer therapies.
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Bezerra DP. Piplartine (piperlongumine), oxidative stress, and use in cancer. Cancer 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819547-5.00037-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Silva VR, Neves SP, Santos LDS, Dias RB, Bezerra DP. Challenges and Therapeutic Opportunities of Autophagy in Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113461. [PMID: 33233671 PMCID: PMC7699739 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Autophagy is a physiological process characterized by the degradation of the cell components through lysosomes due to stimuli/stress. In this study, we review the challenges and therapeutic opportunities that autophagy presents in the treatment of cancer. We discussed the results of several studies that evaluated autophagy as a therapeutic strategy in cancer, both through the modulation of therapeutic resistance and the death of cancer cells. Moreover, we discussed the role of autophagy in the biology of cancer stem cells and the inhibition of this process as a strategy to overcome resistance and progression of cancer stem cells. Abstract Autophagy is a physiological cellular process that is crucial for development and can occurs in response to nutrient deprivation or metabolic disorders. Interestingly, autophagy plays a dual role in cancer cells—while in some situations, it has a cytoprotective effect that causes chemotherapy resistance, in others, it has a cytotoxic effect in which some compounds induce autophagy-mediated cell death. In this review, we summarize strategies aimed at autophagy for the treatment of cancer, including studies of drugs that can modulate autophagy-mediated resistance, and/or drugs that cause autophagy-mediated cancer cell death. In addition, the role of autophagy in the biology of cancer stem cells has also been discussed.
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Zhu P, Qian J, Xu Z, Meng C, Liu J, Shan W, Zhu W, Wang Y, Yang Y, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Ling Y. Piperlonguminine and Piperine Analogues as TrxR Inhibitors that Promote ROS and Autophagy and Regulate p38 and Akt/mTOR Signaling. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:3041-3049. [PMID: 33026807 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The natural products piperlongumine and piperine have been shown to inhibit cancer cell proliferation through elevation of reactive oxidative species (ROS) and eventually cell death, but only have modest cytotoxic potencies. A series of 14 novel phenylallylidenecyclohexenone analogues based on piperlongumine and piperine therefore were designed and synthesized, and their pharmacological properties were evaluated. Most of the compounds produced antiproliferative activities against five human cancer cells with IC50 values lower than those of piperlongumine and piperine. Among these, compound 9m exerted the most potent antiproliferative activity against drug-resistant Bel-7402/5-FU human liver cancer 5-FU resistant cells (IC50 = 0.8 μM), which was approximately 10-fold lower than piperlongumine (IC50 = 8.4 μM). Further, 9m showed considerably lower cytotoxicity against LO2 human normal liver epithelial cells compared to Bel-7402/5-FU. Mechanistically, compound 9m inhibited thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) activity, increased ROS levels, reduced mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MTP), and induced autophagy in Bel-7402/5-FU cells via regulation of autophagy-related proteins LC3, p62, and beclin-1. Finally, 9m activated significantly the p38 signaling pathways and suppressed the Akt/mTOR signaling pathways. In conclusion, 9m could be a promising candidate for the treatment of drug-resistant cancer cells and, as such, warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqiang Qian
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongyuan Xu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Meng
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenpei Shan
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Weizhong Zhu
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Ministry of Education and Jiangsu Province, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumin Yang
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Ministry of Education and Jiangsu Province, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Ling
- School of Pharmacy and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, People's Republic of China
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Rawat L, Hegde H, Hoti SL, Nayak V. Piperlongumine induces ROS mediated cell death and synergizes paclitaxel in human intestinal cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 128:110243. [PMID: 32470748 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Piperlongumine (PL), a herbal drug extracted from long pepper (Piper longum L), is known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. Although, its anti-cancer potential has been evaluated in cancer models like breast, pancreatic, gastric, hepatocellular and lung carcinoma, there is no report on its bio-activity evaluation in intestinal cancers. Here, we report the anti-neoplastic potential of PL against human intestinal carcinoma in-vitro and its possible mechanisms of action. Cytotoxicity studies demonstrate that PL inhibits cell proliferation of INT-407 and HCT-116 cells in a concentration and time-dependent manner. Also, PL elevated the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species, which may lead to lethal oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and nuclear fragmentation. Remarkably, P53, P21, BAX, and SMAD4 were significantly upregulated after PL treatment whereas; BCL2 and SURVIVIN were down-regulated. Moreover, the combination study also shows the synergistic effect of PL with the current chemotherapeutic drug paclitaxel. These findings suggest that PL possesses anti-neoplastic properties in intestinal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laxminarayan Rawat
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, K.K. Birla Goa Campus, NH-17B, Zuarinagar, Goa 403726, India.
| | - Harsha Hegde
- ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi, 590010, Karnataka, India.
| | | | - Vijayashree Nayak
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, K.K. Birla Goa Campus, NH-17B, Zuarinagar, Goa 403726, India.
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Hałas-Wiśniewska M, Zielińska W, Izdebska M, Grzanka A. The Synergistic Effect of Piperlongumine and Sanguinarine on the Non-Small Lung Cancer. Molecules 2020; 25:E3045. [PMID: 32635287 PMCID: PMC7411589 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25133045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancers are one of the leading causes of deaths nowadays. The development of new treatment schemes for oncological diseases is an interesting direction in experimental medicine. Therefore, the evaluation of the influence of two alkaloids-piperlongumine (PL), sanguinarine (SAN) and their combination-on the basic life processes of the A549 cell line was considered reasonable. METHODS The aim was achieved by analyzing the cytotoxic effects of PL and SAN and their combination in the ratio of 4:1 on the induction of cell death, changes in the distribution of cell cycle phases, reorganization of cytoskeleton and metastatic potential of A549 cells. The versatility of the applied concentration ratio was evaluated in terms of other cancer cell lines: MCF-7, H1299 and HepG2. RESULTS The results obtained from the MTT assay indicated that the interaction between the alkaloids depends on the concentration and type of cells. Additionally, the compounds and their combination did not exhibit a cytotoxic effect against normal cells. The combined effects of PL and SAN increased apoptosis and favored metastasis inhibition. CONCLUSION Selected alkaloids exhibit a cytotoxic effect on A549 cells. In turn, treatment with the combination of PL and SAN in a 4:1 ratio indicates a synergistic effect and is associated with an increase in the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Hałas-Wiśniewska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Karłowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (W.Z.); (M.I.); (A.G.)
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Tripathi SK, Biswal BK. Piperlongumine, a potent anticancer phytotherapeutic: Perspectives on contemporary status and future possibilities as an anticancer agent. Pharmacol Res 2020; 156:104772. [PMID: 32283222 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Piperlongumine, a white to beige biologically active alkaloid/amide phytochemical, has high pharmacological relevance as an anticancer agent. Piperlongumine has several biological activities, including selective cytotoxicity against multiple cancer cells of different origins at a preclinical level. Several preclinical studies have documented the anticancer potential of piperlongumine through its targeting of multiple molecular mechanisms, such as cell cycle arrest, anti-angiogenesis, anti- invasive and anti-metastasis pathways, autophagy pathways, and intrinsic apoptotic pathways in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, piperlongumine inhibits cancer growth by resulting in the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species, decreasing glutathione and chromosomal damage, or modulating key regulatory proteins, including PI3K, AKT, mTOR, NF-kβ, STATs, and cyclin D1. Furthermore, combined treatment with piperlongumine potentiates the anticancer activity of conventional chemotherapeutics and overcomes resistance to chemo- and radio- therapy. Nanoformulation of piperlongumine has been associated with increased aqueous solubility and bioavailability and lower toxicity, thus enhancing therapeutic efficacy in both preclinical and clinical settings. The current review highlights anticancer studies on the occurrence, chemical properties, chemopreventive mechanisms, toxicity, bioavailability, and pharmaceutical relevance of piperlongumine in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya Kant Tripathi
- Cancer Drug Resistance Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India
| | - Bijesh Kumar Biswal
- Cancer Drug Resistance Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India.
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Meng X, Xia C, Ye Q, Nie X. tert-Butyl-p-benzoquinone induces autophagy by inhibiting the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in RAW 264.7 cells. Food Funct 2020; 11:4193-4201. [PMID: 32352125 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00281j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
tert-Butyl-p-benzoquinone (TBBQ), a metabolite of tert-butylhydroquinone from food, has cytotoxicity, the underlying mechanism of which is not clear. In this study, the viability of RAW 264.7 cells exposed to TBBQ at concentrations of 0.5-10 μg mL-1 was assayed by MTT. Results suggest that TBBQ decreased the viability in a dose-dependent manner. Monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining results indicate the occurrence of autophagy induced by TBBQ, which was manifested by activation of LC3-II concurrent with the increased levels of Beclin1 and reduced levels of p62. Elevated lipid peroxide and decreased SOD activity by TBBQ exposure suggest the overproduction of ROS, which may account for the increase in the genotoxic stress protein p53. Both upregulation of p53 and reduction of Akt levels inhibited mTOR, which activated autophagy. Addition of 3-MA counteracted the impact of TBBQ on ATG proteins and cell viability. All of these results suggest that TBBQ induces autophagy of RAW 264.7 cells principally by inhibition of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, and they implicate ROS in this regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghe Meng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, People's Republic of China.
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36
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Mao D, Zhang Z, Zhao X, Dong X. Autophagy-related genes prognosis signature as potential predictive markers for immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8383. [PMID: 31988807 PMCID: PMC6970541 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy-related genes (ATGs) depress tumorigenesis. However, in tumor tissue, it promotes tumor progression. Here, we demonstrated that 63 ATGs were differentially expressed in normal tissues and tumor tissues of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and seven prognostic-related genes were chosen to establish prognostic risk signatures. It is not just an independent prognostic factor for HCC, but also closely related to the degree of malignancy of HCC. Further, the hallmarks of PI3K–AKT–mTOR signaling was significantly enriched in the high-risk group. Moreover, AKT–pS473 and mTOR–pS2448 expression was down-regulated and correlated with patient prognosis in high-risk group. Finally, we demonstrate that the prognosis signature of ATGs is closely related to immune cell infiltration and PD-L1 expression. In conclusion, ATGs are a crucial factor in the malignant progression of HCC and will be a new prognostic marker for diagnosis and treatment. ATGs prognostic signatures are potentially useful for predicting PD-L1 therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deli Mao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Dong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Abstract
As a double-edged sword, autophagy in cancer cells could either suppress or promote tumorigenesis. Nowadays, more and more natural compounds with autophagy-regulating activities exhibit therapeutic effects against various cancers. N-Heterocycle derivatives plays an important role for discovery new drugs. In this review, we summarize and classify 116 N-heterocycle derivatives with autophagy-regulating activities in the past decade into 12 classes according to structure characteristics. The structural features, bioactivities, mechanism and problems faced in this field are discussed and reported for the first time. Some of these even exhibited outstanding in vivo antitumor activities, including bisaminoquinoline (3), pancratistatin (8), 10-hydroxyevodiamine (18), lycorine (28), piperine (31) and iridium (III) complex (57), which are potential drug candidates for antitumor therapy.
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Piperlongumine Induces Cell Cycle Arrest via Reactive Oxygen Species Accumulation and IKKβ Suppression in Human Breast Cancer Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8110553. [PMID: 31739520 PMCID: PMC6912225 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8110553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Piperlongumine (PL), a natural product derived from long pepper (Piper longum L.), is known to exhibit anticancer effects. However, the effect of PL on cell cycle-regulatory proteins in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer cells is unclear. Therefore, we investigated whether PL can modulate the growth of ER-positive breast cancer cell line, MCF-7. We found that PL decreased MCF-7 cell proliferation and migration. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that PL induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. Moreover, PL significantly modulated the mRNA levels of cyclins B1 and D1, cyclin-dependent kinases 1, 4, and 6, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen. PL induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (hydrogen peroxide) accumulation and glutathione depletion. PL-mediated inhibition of IKKβ expression decreased nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65. Furthermore, PL significantly increased p21 mRNA levels. In conclusion, our data suggest that PL exerts anticancer effects in ER-positive breast cancer cells by inhibiting cell proliferation and migration via ROS accumulation and IKKβ suppression.
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Polyphyllin VII Promotes Apoptosis and Autophagic Cell Death via ROS-Inhibited AKT Activity, and Sensitizes Glioma Cells to Temozolomide. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:1805635. [PMID: 31814867 PMCID: PMC6877958 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1805635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The high recurrence frequency of gliomas but deficiency of effective treatment and prevalent chemoresistance have elicited interests in exploring and developing new agents. Paris polyphyllins are monomers extracted from rhizome of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis. Here, we first reported that polyphyllin VII (PP7) exhibited cytotoxic effect on glioma cells. PP7 significantly suppressed the viability and induced cell death of U87-MG and U251 cells after 24 h, with the IC50 values 4.24 ± 0.87 μM and 2.17 ± 0.14 μM, respectively. Both apoptotic and autophagic processes were involved in the cytotoxic effect of PP7, as PP7 activated the Bcl2/Bax pathway and the inhibition of autophagy partly rescued the toxicity of PP7 in glioma cells. In addition, an inhibition of AKT/mTORC1 activity was found after PP7 administration, and it seemed that the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was responsible for this effect. Namely, the removal of ROS by NAC treatment mitigated PP7-induced cell death, autophagy, and its effect on the AKT/mTORC1 signaling. Additionally, a combination assay of PP7 with temozolomide (TMZ), the most used chemotherapy for glioma patients, was performed resulting in synergism, while PP7 reduced TMZ resistance through inhibition of MGMT expression. Thus, our study reports PP7 as a potential agent for glioma treatment and reveals its underlying mechanisms of action.
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Chen SY, Huang HY, Lin HP, Fang CY. Piperlongumine induces autophagy in biliary cancer cells via reactive oxygen species-activated Erk signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:1687-1696. [PMID: 31485612 PMCID: PMC6777669 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Biliary cancer (BC) is an aggressive neoplasm with high mortality. BC can be categorized into three groups: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCA; also known as bile duct cancer), extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder cancer. Due to its heterogeneity and aggressiveness, the response to current chemotherapy and radiotherapy methods in patients with BC is poor. Therefore, there is an urgent requirement to develop drugs to treat BC. Piperlongumine (PL), a naturally occurring small molecule isolated from Piper longum L., exhibits anticancer activity by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In the present study, the effects of PL on cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis and autophagy in BC cells were investigated. PL induced BC cell death in a concentration‑ and time‑dependent manner by inducing ROS production. PL induced cell cycle arrest in CCA cells (HuCCT‑1) and gallbladder cancer cells (OCUG‑1) cells, but with distinct cell cycle distribution profiles. PL caused G2/M cell cycle arrest in HuCCT‑1 cells, and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in OCUG‑1 cells. PL induced apoptosis and autophagy; PL treatment induced accumulation of LC3‑II in a concentration‑ and time‑dependent manner. The Erk signaling pathway appeared to be involved in autophagy induction. Application of the ROS scavenger, N‑acetyl‑l‑cysteine, to BC cells attenuated the cell death, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and autophagy induced by PL treatment. These findings indicated that PL may be a potential agent for BC treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- San-Yuan Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600
- Department of Sports Management, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 717
| | - Hsin-Yi Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600
- Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Han-Pei Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chiung-Yao Fang
- Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Choi DG, Venkatesan J, Shim MS. Selective Anticancer Therapy Using Pro-Oxidant Drug-Loaded Chitosan-Fucoidan Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3220. [PMID: 31262038 PMCID: PMC6651851 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pro-oxidant therapy exploiting pro-oxidant drugs that can trigger cytotoxic oxidative stress in cancer cells has emerged as an innovative strategy for cancer-specific therapy. Piperlongumine (PL) has gained great interest as a novel pro-oxidant agent, because it has an ability to trigger cancer-specific apoptosis through the increase of oxidative stress in cancer cells. However, the use of PL is limited in the clinic because of its hydrophobic nature. In this study, chitosan- and fucoidan-based nanoparticles were prepared for the effective intracellular delivery of PL into cancer cells. Chitosan and fucoidan formed nanoparticles by ionic gelation. The chitosan- and fucoidan-based nanoparticles (CS-F NPs) effectively encapsulated PL, and increased its water solubility and bioavailability. CS-F NPs showed very low cytotoxicity in human prostate cancer cells, demonstrating its high potential for in vivo applications. The PL-loaded chitosan-fucoidan nanoparticles (PL-CS-F NPs) efficiently killed human prostate cancer cells via PL-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. This study demonstrates that CS-F NPs are promising natural polymer-based drug carriers for safe and effective PL delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Gun Choi
- Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Jayachandran Venkatesan
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Min Suk Shim
- Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea.
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Chen D, Ma Y, Li P, Liu M, Fang Y, Zhang J, Zhang B, Hui Y, Yin Y. Piperlongumine Induces Apoptosis and Synergizes with Doxorubicin by Inhibiting the JAK2-STAT3 Pathway in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Molecules 2019; 24:E2338. [PMID: 31242627 PMCID: PMC6631638 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24122338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks major effective target molecules and chemotherapy remains the current main treatment. However, traditional chemotherapy drugs, such as doxorubicin (DOX), cause serious side effects and have a poor prognosis. Piperlongumine (PL), a natural alkaloid, has showed selective anticancer effects and is expected to become a new strategy against TNBC. In our research, cell viability, colony formation, flow cytometry, Western blot, and tumor xenograft model assays were established to evaluate the suppression effect of PL and DOX alone and in combination. Data showed that PL could effectively inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis in two TNBC cell lines. We also demonstrated for the first time that the combination treatment of PL and DOX synergistically inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis in TNBC cells. The suppression of STAT3 activation was indicated to be a mechanism of the anticancer effect. Moreover, the effectiveness of this combination was confirmed in a tumor xenograft model. These results revealed that inhibition of the JAK2-STAT3 pathway was a key anticancer mechanism when treated with PL alone or combined with DOX, suggesting that the combination of PL and chemotherapy drugs may be a potential strategy for the clinical treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Yangmin Ma
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Peiqi Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Meng Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Yuan Fang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Jiejie Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Bilin Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Yuyu Hui
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Yue Yin
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China.
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Liu Z, Shi Z, Lin J, Zhao S, Hao M, Xu J, Li Y, Zhao Q, Tao L, Diao A. Piperlongumine-induced nuclear translocation of the FOXO3A transcription factor triggers BIM-mediated apoptosis in cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 163:101-110. [PMID: 30753811 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor forkhead box O 3A (FOXO3A) is a tumor suppressor that promotes cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Piperlongumine (PL), a plant alkaloid, is known to selectively kill tumor cells while sparing normal cells. However, the mechanism of PL-induced cancer cell death is not fully understood. We report here that an association of FOXO3A with the pro-apoptotic protein BIM (also known as BCL2-like 11, BCL2L11) has a direct and specific function in PL-induced cancer cell death. Using HeLa cells stably expressing a FOXO3A-GFP fusion protein and several other cancer cell lines, we found that PL treatment induces FOXO3A dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation and promotes its binding to the BIM gene promoter, resulting in the up-regulation of BIM in the cancer cell lines. Accordingly, PL inhibited cell viability and caused intrinsic apoptosis in a FOXO3A-dependent manner. Of note, siRNA-mediated FOXO3A knockdown rescued the cells from PL-induced cell death. In vivo, the PL treatment markedly inhibited xenograft tumor growth, and this inhibition was accompanied by the activation of the FOXO3A-BIM axis. Moreover, PL promoted FOXO3A dephosphorylation by inhibiting phosphorylation and activation of Akt, a kinase that phosphorylates FOXO3A. In summary, our findings indicate that PL activates the FOXO3A-BIM apoptotic axis by promoting dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation of FOXO3A via Akt signaling inhibition. These findings uncover a critical mechanism underlying the effects of PL on cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Liu
- School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Zhichen Shi
- School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jieru Lin
- School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Min Hao
- School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Junting Xu
- School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yuyin Li
- School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Li Tao
- School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Aipo Diao
- School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Key Lab of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin 300457, China.
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Abstract
Resistance to therapy is one of the prime causes for treatment failure in cancer and recurrent disease. In recent years, autophagy has emerged as an important cell survival mechanism in response to different stress conditions that are associated with cancer treatment and aging. Autophagy is an evolutionary conserved catabolic process through which damaged cellular contents are degraded after uptake into autophagosomes that subsequently fuse with lysosomes for cargo degradation, thereby alleviating stress. In addition, autophagy serves to maintain cellular homeostasis by enriching nutrient pools. Although autophagy can act as a double-edged sword at the interface of cell survival and cell death, increasing evidence suggest that in the context of cancer therapy-induced stress responses, it predominantly functions as a cell survival mechanism. Here, we provide an up-to-date overview on our current knowledge of the role of pro-survival autophagy in cancer therapy at the preclinical and clinical stages and delineate the molecular mechanisms of autophagy regulation in response to therapy-related stress conditions. A better understanding of the interplay of cancer therapy and autophagy may allow to unveil new targets and avenues for an improved treatment of therapy-resistant tumors in the foreseeable future.
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Wei PL, Huang CY, Chang YJ. Propyl gallate inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth through the induction of ROS and the activation of autophagy. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210513. [PMID: 30653551 PMCID: PMC6336332 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been attributed to a high frequency of tumor metastasis and recurrence even after successful surgical resection. With less than 30% of patients benefiting from curative treatment, alternative treatment regimens for patients with advanced HCC are needed. Propyl gallate (PG), a synthetic antioxidant used in preserving food and medicinal preparations, has been shown to induce cancer cell death, but the anticancer effects of PG in HCC are unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated that PG inhibited HCC cell proliferation in vitro and in zebrafish models in vivo in a dose- and time-dependent manner. PG also induced cell apoptosis and increased the number of necrotic cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner as determined using a high-content analysis system. We found that PG also increased the intracellular levels of superoxide and reactive oxidative stress as well as the formation of autophagosomes and lysosomes. Regarding the molecular mechanism, PG did not alter the levels of autophagy-related 5 (ATG5), ATG5/12 or Beclin-1 but increased the rate of the LC3-I to LC3-II conversion, suggesting autophagy induction. PG exposure increased the levels of the pro-apoptotic proteins cleaved caspase-3, cleaved PARP, Bax, and Bad and a decreased level of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. In conclusion, we demonstrate that PG inhibits HCC cell proliferation through enhanced ROS production and autophagy activation. Finally, PG-treated cells induced cell apoptosis and may be a new candidate for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Li Wei
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cancer Research Center and Translational Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Huang
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (YJC); (CYH)
| | - Yu-Jia Chang
- Cancer Research Center and Translational Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- International PhD Program in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (YJC); (CYH)
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Kumar S, Agnihotri N. Piperlongumine, a piper alkaloid targets Ras/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling axis to inhibit tumor cell growth and proliferation in DMH/DSS induced experimental colon cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 109:1462-1477. [PMID: 30551398 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common carcinoma of the digestive tract. The slow growing nature of CRC offers a great opportunity for prevention strategies. The concept of chemoprevention of colorectal cancer using plant derived natural products is gaining substantial attention because it is an inherently safe and cost-effective alternative to conventional cancer therapies. Piperlongumine (PL), a natural alkaloid present in Piper longum Linn has been reported to exhibit notable anticancer effects in various in vitro studies. Nonetheless, the chemopreventive potential of PL has not been studied in experimentally induced colon cancer yet. Ras/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling axis plays a central role in promoting tumor cell growth, proliferation and survival by inhibiting apoptosis. In the present study, we demonstrated, for the first time, the chemopreventive effects of PL in DMH + DSS induced colon carcinogenesis animal model. We showed that PL displayed potent antineoplastic activity against colon cancer cell growth by targeting Ras proteins and PI3K/Akt signaling cascade. PL mediated inhibition of tumor cell growth was associated with inhibition of Ras protein levels and its preferred companion protein PI3K levels that led to suppressed activity of Akt/NF-κB, c-Myc and cyclin D1. It was also found that PL arrested the cell cycle progression at G2/M phase and induced mitochondrial apoptotic pathway by downregulating Bcl-2 levels. Furthermore, the results of liver and kidney toxicity suggested that PL exhibit no toxicity in animals. Our results suggest that PL may be an effective chemopreventive agent for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry Basic Medical Science Block-II Sector-25, South Campus, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
| | - Navneet Agnihotri
- Department of Biochemistry Basic Medical Science Block-II Sector-25, South Campus, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
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Role of mTORC1 and mTORC2 in Breast Cancer: Therapeutic Targeting of mTOR and Its Partners to Overcome Metastasis and Drug Resistance. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1152:283-292. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-20301-6_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Li HM, Jang JH, Jung JS, Shin J, Park CO, Kim YJ, Ahn WG, Nam JS, Hong CW, Lee J, Jung YJ, Chen JF, Ravid K, Lee HT, Huh WK, Kabarowski JH, Song DK. G2A Protects Mice against Sepsis by Modulating Kupffer Cell Activation: Cooperativity with Adenosine Receptor 2b. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 202:527-538. [PMID: 30530591 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
G2A is a GPCR abundantly expressed in immune cells. G2A-/- mice showed higher lethality, higher plasma cytokines, and an impaired bacterial clearance in response to a murine model of sepsis (cecal ligation and puncture), which were blocked by GdCl3, an inhibitor of Kupffer cells. Anti-IL-10 Ab reversed the impaired bacterial clearance in G2A-/- mice. Indomethacin effectively blocked both the increased i.p. IL-10 levels and the impaired bacterial clearance, indicating that disturbed PG system is the proximal cause of these phenomena. Stimulation with LPS/C5a induced an increase in Escherichia coli phagocytosis and intracellular cAMP levels in G2A+/+ peritoneal macrophages but not G2A-/- cells, which showed more PGE2/nitrite release and intracellular reactive oxygen species levels. Heterologous coexpression of G2A and adenosine receptor type 2b (A2bAR) induced a synergistic increase in cAMP signaling in a ligand-independent manner, with the evidence of physical interaction of G2A with A2bAR. BAY 60-6583, a specific agonist for A2bAR, increased intracellular cAMP levels in Kupffer cells from G2A+/+ but not from G2A-/- mice. Both G2A and A2bAR were required for antiseptic action of lysophosphatidylcholine. These results show inappropriate activation of G2A-/- Kupffer cells to septic insults due to an impaired cAMP signaling possibly by lack of interaction with A2bAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Mei Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Sub Jung
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiseon Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul O Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yeon-Ja Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Gyun Ahn
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Suk Nam
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Won Hong
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongho Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiang-Fan Chen
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Katya Ravid
- Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
| | - H Thomas Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY 10032; and
| | - Won-Ki Huh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Janusz H Kabarowski
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Dong-Keun Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea;
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50
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Shetty AK, Kodali M, Upadhya R, Madhu LN. Emerging Anti-Aging Strategies - Scientific Basis and Efficacy. Aging Dis 2018; 9:1165-1184. [PMID: 30574426 PMCID: PMC6284760 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2018.1026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of age-related diseases is in an upward trend due to increased life expectancy in humans. Age-related conditions are among the leading causes of morbidity and death worldwide currently. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find apt interventions that slow down aging and reduce or postpone the incidence of debilitating age-related diseases. This review discusses the efficacy of emerging anti-aging approaches for maintaining better health in old age. There are many anti-aging strategies in development, which include procedures such as augmentation of autophagy, elimination of senescent cells, transfusion of plasma from young blood, intermittent fasting, enhancement of adult neurogenesis, physical exercise, antioxidant intake, and stem cell therapy. Multiple pre-clinical studies suggest that administration of autophagy enhancers, senolytic drugs, plasma from young blood, drugs that enhance neurogenesis and BDNF are promising approaches to sustain normal health during aging and also to postpone age-related neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. Stem cell therapy has also shown promise for improving regeneration and function of the aged or Alzheimer's disease brain. Several of these approaches are awaiting critical appraisal in clinical trials to determine their long-term efficacy and possible adverse effects. On the other hand, procedures such as intermittent fasting, physical exercise, intake of antioxidants such as resveratrol and curcumin have shown considerable promise for improving function in aging, some of which are ready for large-scale clinical trials, as they are non-invasive, and seem to have minimal side effects. In summary, several approaches are at the forefront of becoming mainstream therapies for combating aging and postponing age-related diseases in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok K. Shetty
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center College of Medicine, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Olin E. Teague Veterans’ Medical Center, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas 76504, USA
| | - Maheedhar Kodali
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center College of Medicine, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Olin E. Teague Veterans’ Medical Center, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas 76504, USA
| | - Raghavendra Upadhya
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center College of Medicine, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Olin E. Teague Veterans’ Medical Center, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas 76504, USA
| | - Leelavathi N. Madhu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center College of Medicine, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
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