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Breder-Bonk C, Docter D, Barz M, Strieth S, Knauer SK, Gül D, Stauber RH. The Apoptosis Inhibitor Protein Survivin Is a Critical Cytoprotective Resistor against Silica-Based Nanotoxicity. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2546. [PMID: 37764575 PMCID: PMC10535920 DOI: 10.3390/nano13182546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to nanoparticles is inevitable as they become widely used in industry, cosmetics, and foods. However, knowledge of their (patho)physiological effects on biological entry routes of the human body and their underlying molecular mechanisms is still fragmented. Here, we examined the molecular effects of amorphous silica nanoparticles (aSiNPs) on cell lines mimicking the alveolar-capillary barrier of the lung. After state-of-the-art characterization of the used aSiNPs and the cell model, we performed cell viability-based assays and a protein analysis to determine the aSiNP-induced cell toxicity and underlying signaling mechanisms. We revealed that aSiNPs induce apoptosis in a dose-, time-, and size-dependent manner. aSiNP-induced toxicity involves the inhibition of pro-survival pathways, such as PI3K/AKT and ERK signaling, correlating with reduced expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Survivin on the protein and transcriptional levels. Furthermore, induced Survivin overexpression mediated resistance against aSiNP-toxicity. Thus, we present the first experimental evidence suggesting Survivin as a critical cytoprotective resistor against silica-based nanotoxicity, which may also play a role in responses to other NPs. Although Survivin's relevance as a biomarker for nanotoxicity needs to be demonstrated in vivo, our data give general impetus to investigate the pharmacological modulation of Survivin`s functions to attenuate the harmful effects of acute or chronic inhalative NP exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Breder-Bonk
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany; (D.D.); (R.H.S.)
| | - Dominic Docter
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany; (D.D.); (R.H.S.)
| | - Matthias Barz
- Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands;
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Strieth
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Shirley K. Knauer
- Center for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), Department of Molecular Biology II, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany;
| | - Désirée Gül
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany; (D.D.); (R.H.S.)
| | - Roland H. Stauber
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany; (D.D.); (R.H.S.)
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Ernst BP, Heinrich UR, Fries M, Meuser R, Rader T, Eckrich J, Stauber RH, Strieth S. Cochlear implantation impairs intracochlear microcirculation and counteracts iNOS induction in guinea pigs. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1189980. [PMID: 37448696 PMCID: PMC10336219 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1189980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Preservation of residual hearing remains a great challenge during cochlear implantation. Cochlear implant (CI) electrode array insertion induces changes in the microvasculature as well as nitric oxide (NO)-dependent vessel dysfunction which have been identified as possible mediators of residual hearing loss after cochlear implantation. Methods A total of 24 guinea pigs were randomized to receive either a CI (n = 12) or a sham procedure (sham) by performing a cochleostomy without electrode array insertion (n = 12). The hearing threshold was determined using frequency-specific compound action potentials. To gain visual access to the stria vascularis, a microscopic window was created in the osseous cochlear lateral wall. Cochlear blood flow (CBF) and cochlear microvascular permeability (CMP) were evaluated immediately after treatment, as well as after 1 and 2 h, respectively. Finally, cochleae were resected for subsequent immunohistochemical analysis of the iNOS expression. Results The sham control group showed no change in mean CBF after 1 h (104.2 ± 0.7%) and 2 h (100.8 ± 3.6%) compared to baseline. In contrast, cochlear implantation resulted in a significant continuous decrease in CBF after 1 h (78.8 ± 8.1%, p < 0.001) and 2 h (60.6 ± 11.3%, p < 0.001). Additionally, the CI group exhibited a significantly increased CMP (+44.9% compared to baseline, p < 0.0001) and a significant increase in median hearing threshold (20.4 vs. 2.5 dB SPL, p = 0.0009) compared to sham after 2 h. Intriguingly, the CI group showed significantly lower iNOS-expression levels in the organ of Corti (329.5 vs. 54.33 AU, p = 0.0003), stria vascularis (596.7 vs. 48.51 AU, p < 0.0001), interdental cells (564.0 vs. 109.1 AU, p = 0.0003) and limbus fibrocytes (119.4 vs. 18.69 AU, p = 0.0286). Conclusion Mechanical and NO-dependent microvascular dysfunction seem to play a pivotal role in residual hearing loss after CI electrode array insertion. This may be facilitated by the implantation associated decrease in iNOS expression. Therefore, stabilization of cochlear microcirculation could be a therapeutic strategy to preserve residual hearing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ulf-Rüdiger Heinrich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mathias Fries
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
| | - Regina Meuser
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tobias Rader
- Division of Audiology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Jonas Eckrich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Roland H. Stauber
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Strieth
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany
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Jiang QH, Li T, Liu Y, Zhou ZY, Yang Y, Wei Y, Yin MZ, Shen J, Yan S. A nano-delivery system expands the insecticidal target of thiamethoxam to include a devastating pest, the fall armyworm. INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 30:803-815. [PMID: 36317674 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nano-delivery systems have been applied to deliver various synthetic/botanical pesticides to increase the efficiency of pesticide use and reduce the volumes of pesticides applied. Previous studies have supported the hypothesis that the nanocarriers can help expand the insecticidal target of pesticides to include non-target pests. However, the potential mechanism underlying this interesting phenomenon remains unclear. Herein, a widely applied star polycation (SPc) nanocarrier was synthesized to construct a thiamethoxam (TMX) nano-delivery system. The SPc-based delivery system could promote the translocation of exogenous substances across the membrane of Sf9 cells, increase the cytotoxicity of TMX against Sf9 cells by nearly 20%, and expand the insecticidal target of TMX to include Spodoptera frugiperda (the fall armyworm), with a 27.5% mortality increase at a concentration of 0.25 mg/mL. Moreover, the RNA-seq analysis demonstrated that the SPc could upregulate various transport-related genes, such as Rab, SORT1, CYTH, and PIKfyve, for the enhanced cellular uptake of TMX. Furthermore, enhanced cell death in larvae treated with the TMX-SPc complex was observed through changes in the expression levels of death-related genes, such as Casp7, BIRC5, MSK1, and PGAM5. The SPc-based nano-delivery system improved the cellular uptake of TMX and expanded its insecticidal target by adjusting the expression levels of death-related genes. The current study mainly identified the transport and cell death genes related to nanocarrier-based insecticidal target expansion, which is beneficial for understanding the bioactivity enhancement of the nano-delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Hong Jiang
- Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zi-Yi Zhou
- Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wei
- Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mei-Zhen Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Lab of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Yan
- Department of Plant Biosecurity and MARA Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management for Plant Quarantine Pests, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Tang B, Hu L, Jiang T, Li Y, Xu H, Zhou H, Lan M, Xu K, Yin J, Su C, Zhou C, Xu C. A Metabolism-Related Gene Prognostic Index for Prediction of Response to Immunotherapy in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12143. [PMID: 36293001 PMCID: PMC9602971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), is a validated strategy for treating lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. One of the main challenges in ICIs treatment is the lack of efficient biomarkers for predicting response or resistance. Metabolic reprogramming has been proven to remodel the tumor microenvironment, altering the response to ICIs. We constructed a prognostic model as metabolism-related gene (MRG) of four genes by using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), the nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF), and Cox regression analysis of a LUAD dataset (n = 500) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), which was validated with three Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets (n = 442, n = 226 and n = 127). The MRG was constructed based on BIRC5, PLK1, CDKN3, and CYP4B1 genes. MRG-high patients had a worse survival probability than MRG-low patients. Furthermore, the MRG-high subgroup was more associated with cell cycle-related pathways; high infiltration of activated memory CD4+T cells, M0 macrophages, and neutrophils; and showed better response to ICIs. Contrarily, the MRG-low subgroup was associated with fatty acid metabolism, high infiltration of dendric cells, and resting mast cells, and showed poor response to ICIs. MRG is a promising prognostic index for predicting survival and response to ICIs and other therapeutic agents in LUAD, which might provide insights on strategies with ICIs alone or combined with other agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Tang
- Integrative Cancer Center and Cancer Clinical Research Center, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Lanlin Hu
- Integrative Cancer Center and Cancer Clinical Research Center, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 507, Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yunchang Li
- Integrative Cancer Center and Cancer Clinical Research Center, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Huasheng Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- Integrative Cancer Center and Cancer Clinical Research Center, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Mei Lan
- Integrative Cancer Center and Cancer Clinical Research Center, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Integrative Cancer Center and Cancer Clinical Research Center, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Integrative Cancer Center and Cancer Clinical Research Center, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Chunxia Su
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 507, Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Caicun Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 507, Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chuan Xu
- Integrative Cancer Center and Cancer Clinical Research Center, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
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Gül D, Schweitzer A, Khamis A, Knauer SK, Ding GB, Freudelsperger L, Karampinis I, Strieth S, Hagemann J, Stauber RH. Impact of Secretion-Active Osteoblast-Specific Factor 2 in Promoting Progression and Metastasis of Head and Neck Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2337. [PMID: 35565465 PMCID: PMC9106029 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment success of head and neck cancer (HNC) is still hampered by tumor relapse due to metastases. Our study aimed to identify biomarkers by exploiting transcriptomics profiles of patient-matched metastases, primary tumors, and normal tissue mucosa as well as the TCGA HNC cohort data sets. Analyses identified osteoblast-specific factor 2 (OSF-2) as significantly overexpressed in lymph node metastases and primary tumors compared to normal tissue. High OSF-2 levels correlate with metastatic disease and reduced overall survival of predominantly HPV-negative HNC patients. No significant correlation was observed with tumor localization or therapy response. These findings were supported by the fact that OSF-2 expression was not elevated in cisplatin-resistant HNC cell lines. OSF-2 was strongly expressed in tumor-associated fibroblasts, suggesting a tumor microenvironment-promoting function. Molecular cloning and expression studies of OSF-2 variants from patients identified an evolutionary conserved bona fide protein secretion signal (1MIPFLPMFSLLLLLIVNPINA21). OSF-2 enhanced cell migration and cellular survival under stress conditions, which could be mimicked by the extracellular administration of recombinant protein. Here, OSF-2 executes its functions via ß1 integrin, resulting in the phosphorylation of PI3K and activation of the Akt/PKB signaling pathway. Collectively, we suggest OSF-2 as a potential prognostic biomarker and drug target, promoting metastases by supporting the tumor microenvironment and lymph node metastases survival rather than by enhancing primary tumor proliferation or therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Désirée Gül
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (A.S.); (A.K.); (L.F.); (J.H.)
| | - Andrea Schweitzer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (A.S.); (A.K.); (L.F.); (J.H.)
| | - Aya Khamis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (A.S.); (A.K.); (L.F.); (J.H.)
- Oral Pathology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, El Azareta, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Shirley K. Knauer
- Institute for Molecular Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße, 45117 Essen, Germany;
| | - Guo-Bin Ding
- Institute of Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;
| | - Laura Freudelsperger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (A.S.); (A.K.); (L.F.); (J.H.)
| | - Ioannis Karampinis
- Academic Thoracic Center, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Sebastian Strieth
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Jan Hagemann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (A.S.); (A.K.); (L.F.); (J.H.)
| | - Roland H. Stauber
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (A.S.); (A.K.); (L.F.); (J.H.)
- Institute of Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;
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Yang H, Zhu Y, Ye Y, Guan J, Min X, Xiong H. Nitric oxide protects against cochlear hair cell damage and noise-induced hearing loss through glucose metabolic reprogramming. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 179:229-241. [PMID: 34801666 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is critically involved in the regulation of a wide variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes. However, the role of NO in the pathogenesis of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is complex and remains controversial. Here we reported that treatment of CBA/J mice with l-arginine, a physiological precursor of NO, significantly reduced noise-induced reactive oxygen species accumulation in outer hair cells (OHCs), attenuated noise-induced loss of OHCs and NIHL consequently. Conversely, pharmacological inhibition of endothelial nitric oxide synthase exacerbated noise-induced loss of OHCs and aggravated NIHL. In HEI-OC1 cells, NO also showed substantial protection against H2O2-induced oxidative stress and cytotoxicity. Mechanistically, NO increased S-nitrosylation of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) and inhibited its activity, which thus diverted glucose metabolic flux from glycolysis into the pentose phosphate pathway to increase production of reducing equivalents (NADPH and GSH) and eventually prevented H2O2-induced oxidative damage. These findings open new avenues for protection of cochlear hair cells from oxidative stress and prevention of NIHL through NO modulation of PKM2 and glucose metabolism reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidi Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Institute of Hearing and Speech-Language Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yafeng Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongyi Ye
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Guan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Min
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Institute of Hearing and Speech-Language Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Xiong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Institute of Hearing and Speech-Language Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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7
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Gül D, Habtemichael N, Dietrich D, Dietrich J, Gößwein D, Khamis A, Deuss E, Künzel J, Schneider G, Strieth S, Stauber RH. Identification of cytokeratin24 as a tumor suppressor for the management of head and neck cancer. Biol Chem 2021; 403:869-890. [PMID: 34450690 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
To improve management of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients, we need to increase our understanding of carcinogenesis, to identify biomarkers, and drug targets. This study aimed to identify novel biomarkers by providing transcriptomics profiles of matched primary tumors, lymph node metastasis, and non-malignant tissue of 20 HNSCC patients as well as by bioinformatic analyses of a TCGA HNSCC cohort, comprising 554 patients. We provide cancer cell signaling networks differentially expressed in tumors versus metastases, such as mesenchymal-epithelial transition, and structural integrity networks. As a proof of principle study, we exploited the data sets and performed functional analyses of a novel cytokeratin, cytokeratin24 (cKRT24), which had not been described as biomarker for tumors before. Survival analysis revealed that low cKRT24 expression correlated with poor overall survival in HNSCC. Experimentally, downregulation of cKRT24 in primary tumors, metastases, and HNSCC cell lines was verified on mRNA and protein level. Cloning and ectopic overexpression of cKRT24 not only affected viability and growth of HNSSC cell lines, but also inhibited tumor growth in murine xenograft studies. We conclude that cKRT24 functions as a tumor suppressor in HNSCC, and may serve as an additional prognostic biomarker and novel target to support current HNSCC treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Désirée Gül
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University Medical Center, D-55131Mainz, Germany
| | - Negusse Habtemichael
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University Medical Center, D-55131Mainz, Germany
| | - Dimo Dietrich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology,University Medical Center Bonn, D-53127Bonn, Germany
| | - Jörn Dietrich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology,University Medical Center Bonn, D-53127Bonn, Germany
| | - Dorothee Gößwein
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University Medical Center, D-55131Mainz, Germany
| | - Aya Khamis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University Medical Center, D-55131Mainz, Germany
| | - Eric Deuss
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University Medical Center, D-55131Mainz, Germany.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital, D-45147Essen, Germany
| | - Julian Künzel
- Ear, Nose and Throat Department, University Hospital, D-93053Regensburg, Germany
| | - Günter Schneider
- Ear, Nose and Throat Department, University Hospital, D-93053Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Strieth
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology,University Medical Center Bonn, D-53127Bonn, Germany
| | - Roland H Stauber
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University Medical Center, D-55131Mainz, Germany
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8
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Serological Biomarkers for Early Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Focus on Autoantibodies against Tumor-Associated Antigens Encoded by Cancer Driver Genes. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051271. [PMID: 32443439 PMCID: PMC7280966 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Substantial evidence manifests the occurrence of autoantibodies to tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) in the early stage of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and previous studies have mainly focused on known TAAs. In the present study, protein microarrays based on cancer driver genes were customized to screen TAAs. Subsequently, autoantibodies against selected TAAs in sera were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) in 1175 subjects of three independent datasets (verification dataset, training dataset, and validation dataset). The verification dataset was used to verify the results from the microarrays. A logistic regression model was constructed within the training dataset; seven TAAs were included in the model and yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.831. The validation dataset further evaluated the model, exhibiting an AUC of 0.789. Remarkably, as the aggravation of HCC increased, the prediction probability (PP) of the model tended to decrease, the trend of which was contrary to alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). For AFP-negative HCC patients, the positive rate of this model reached 67.3% in the training dataset and 50.9% in the validation dataset. Screening TAAs with protein microarrays based on cancer driver genes is the latest, fast, and effective method for finding indicators of HCC. The identified anti-TAA autoantibodies can be potential biomarkers in the early detection of HCC.
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9
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Heinrich UR, Schmidtmann I, Meuser R, Ernst BP, Wünsch D, Siemer S, Gribko A, Stauber RH, Strieth S. Early Alterations of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression Patterns in the Guinea Pig Cochlea After Noise Exposure. J Histochem Cytochem 2019; 67:845-855. [PMID: 31510846 DOI: 10.1369/0022155419876644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutively expressed endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is supposed to play a role in noise-induced nitric oxide (NO)-production. It is commonly known that intense noise exposure results in inducible NOS (iNOS) expression and increased NO-production, but knowledge about a contribution of the eNOS isoform is still lacking. Effects of noise exposure on eNOS immunolabeling were determined in male guinea pigs (n=24). For light microscopic analysis, 11 animals were exposed to 90 dB for 1 hr and 6 animals were used as controls. After exposure, eNOS immunostaining was performed on paraffin sections, and the staining intensities were quantified for 4 cochlear regions. For electron microscopic analysis, 2 animals were exposed for 2 hr to 90 dB and 5 animals were used as controls. The intensity of eNOS immunolabeling was found to be already comprehensively increased 1 hr after noise exposure to 90 dB. At the ultrastructural level, a clear increase in eNOS immunolabeling was found in microtubules-rich areas of cochlear cuticular structures. Hence, our findings indicate that the reticular lamina forming the endolymph-perilymph barrier at the apical side of the organ of Corti is involved in a fast intrinsic otoprotective mechanism of the cochlea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulf R Heinrich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Irene Schmidtmann
- Institute for Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Regina Meuser
- Institute for Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Benjamin P Ernst
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Desiree Wünsch
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Svenja Siemer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alena Gribko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Roland H Stauber
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Strieth
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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10
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Pahlavan Y, Kahroba H, Samadi N, Karimi A, Ansarin K, Khabbazi A. Survivin modulatory role in autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:19440-19450. [PMID: 31020660 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Baculoviral IAP repeat containing 5 (BIRC5) gene encodes the important protein as survivin, a multifunctional protein, which is involved in cellular and molecular networks, progression of cell cycle, homeostasis, developmental morphogenesis, and apoptosis. The proximal BIRC5 promoter possesses specific binding sites for key transcription factors such as nuclear factor κB and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. Upregulation of survivin exacerbates the autoimmune diseases (AIDs) including multiple sclerosis and myasthenia gravis by reducing the activity threshold of survivin-specific cytotoxic T cells. DNA damage along with upregulation or downregulation of survivin have been demonstrated in initiation and pathogenesis of cancers and AIDs. However, detailed mechanism of survivin function in pathogenesis of AIDs is not well understood. This review focuses on the structure, specificity, regulation, and function of survivin in physiologic conditions and pathogenesis of AIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasamin Pahlavan
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Students Research Committee, University of Tabriz Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Houman Kahroba
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Students Research Committee, University of Tabriz Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasser Samadi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abbas Karimi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khalil Ansarin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Khabbazi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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11
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Expressional analysis of disease-relevant signalling-pathways in primary tumours and metastasis of head and neck cancers. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7326. [PMID: 29743718 PMCID: PMC5943339 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25512-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) often metastasize to lymph nodes resulting in poor prognosis for patients. Unfortunately, the underlying molecular mechanisms contributing to tumour aggressiveness, recurrences, and metastasis are still not fully understood. However, such knowledge is key to identify biomarkers and drug targets to improve prognosis and treatments. Consequently, we performed genome-wide expression profiling of 15 primary HNSSCs compared to corresponding lymph node metastases and non-malignant tissue of the same patient. Differentially expressed genes were bioinformatically exploited applying stringent filter criteria, allowing the discrimination between normal mucosa, primary tumours, and metastases. Signalling networks involved in invasion contain remodelling of the extracellular matrix, hypoxia-induced transcriptional modulation, and the recruitment of cancer associated fibroblasts, ultimately converging into a broad activation of PI3K/AKT-signalling pathway in lymph node metastasis. Notably, when we compared the diagnostic and prognostic value of sequencing data with our expression analysis significant differences were uncovered concerning the expression of the receptor tyrosine kinases EGFR and ERBB2, as well as other oncogenic regulators. Particularly, upregulated receptor tyrosine kinase combinations for individual patients varied, implying potential compensatory and resistance mechanisms against specific targeted therapies. Collectively, we here provide unique transcriptional profiles for disease predictions and comprehensively analyse involved signalling pathways in advanced HNSCC.
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12
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Schrenk C, Fetz V, Vallet C, Heiselmayer C, Schröder E, Hensel A, Hahlbrock A, Wünsch D, Goesswein D, Bier C, Habtemichael N, Schneider G, Stauber RH, Knauer SK. TFIIA transcriptional activity is controlled by a 'cleave-and-run' Exportin-1/Taspase 1-switch. J Mol Cell Biol 2018; 10:33-47. [PMID: 28992066 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjx025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor TFIIA is controlled by complex regulatory networks including proteolysis by the protease Taspase 1, though the full impact of cleavage remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that in contrast to the general assumption, de novo produced TFIIA is rapidly confined to the cytoplasm via an evolutionary conserved nuclear export signal (NES, amino acids 21VINDVRDIFL30), interacting with the nuclear export receptor Exportin-1/chromosomal region maintenance 1 (Crm1). Chemical export inhibition or genetic inactivation of the NES not only promotes TFIIA's nuclear localization but also affects its transcriptional activity. Notably, Taspase 1 processing promotes TFIIA's nuclear accumulation by NES masking, and modulates its transcriptional activity. Moreover, TFIIA complex formation with the TATA box binding protein (TBP) is cooperatively enhanced by inhibition of proteolysis and nuclear export, leading to an increase of the cell cycle inhibitor p16INK, which is counteracted by prevention of TBP binding. We here identified a novel mechanism how proteolysis and nuclear transport cooperatively fine-tune transcriptional programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schrenk
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology/ENT, University Hospital of Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - Verena Fetz
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology/ENT, University Hospital of Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - Cecilia Vallet
- Molecular Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Christina Heiselmayer
- Molecular Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Schröder
- Molecular Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Astrid Hensel
- Molecular Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Angelina Hahlbrock
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology/ENT, University Hospital of Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - Désirée Wünsch
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology/ENT, University Hospital of Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dorothee Goesswein
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology/ENT, University Hospital of Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - Carolin Bier
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology/ENT, University Hospital of Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - Negusse Habtemichael
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology/ENT, University Hospital of Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - Günter Schneider
- University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, II. Medizinische Klinik, Technical University München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Roland H Stauber
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology/ENT, University Hospital of Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - Shirley K Knauer
- Molecular Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany
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13
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The Genomic Basis of Noise-induced Hearing Loss: A Literature Review Organized by Cellular Pathways. Otol Neurotol 2017; 37:e309-16. [PMID: 27518140 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000001073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Using Reactome, a curated Internet database, noise-induced hearing loss studies were aggregated into cellular pathways for organization of the emerging genomic and epigenetic data in the literature. DATA SOURCES PubMed and Reactome.org, a relational data base program systematizing biological processes into interactive pathways and subpathways based on ontology, cellular constituents, gene expression, and molecular components. STUDY SELECTION Peer-reviewed population and laboratory studies for the previous 15 years relating genomics and noise and hearing loss were identified in PubMed. Criteria included p values <0.05 with correction for multiple genes, a fold change of >1.5, or duplicated studies. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS One-hundred fifty-eight unique HGNC identifiers from 77 articles met the selection criteria, and were uploaded into the analysis program at http://reactome.org. These genes participated in a total of 621 cellular interactions in 21 of 23 pathways. Cellular response to stress with its attenuation phase, particularly in response to heat stress, detoxification of ROS, and specific areas of the immune system are predominant pathways identified as significantly 'overrepresented' (p values <0.1e-5 and false discovery rates <0.01). CONCLUSION Twenty-one of 23 of the designated pathways in Reactome have significant influence on noise-induced hearing loss, signifying a confluence of molecular pathways in reaction to acoustic trauma; however, cellular response to stress, including heat shock response, and other small areas of immune response were highly overrepresented. Yet-to-be-explored genomics areas include miRNA, lncRNA, copy number variations, RNA sequencing, and human genome-wide association study.
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14
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Scheer A, Knauer SK, Verhaegh R. Survivin expression pattern in the intestine of normoxic and ischemic rats. BMC Gastroenterol 2017; 17:76. [PMID: 28615071 PMCID: PMC5471735 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-017-0625-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family, regulates mitosis and chromosome segregation. The expression of survivin proceeds during embryonic development and in addition has already been demonstrated in cancer cells. However, there is also evidence of survivin expression in differentiated tissues, including the gastro-intestinal tract of adult rats. A study with human colon specimens exhibited survivin in most basal crypt epithelial cells of normal mucosa. There is rather limited information on survivin expression in the small intestine. In order to paint a more detailed and thus complete picture of survivin expression patterns in the gastrointestinal tract, we used an immunohistochemical approach in normal adult rat small intestinal and ascending colonic tissue. Moreover, to get deeper insights in the regulation of survivin expression after tissue damage, we also studied its expression in mesenteric ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Methods Mesenteric ischemia-reperfusion injury was induced in male Wistar rats (six animals/group) by occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery for 90 min and subsequent reperfusion for 120 min. Paraffin sections of untreated or ischemically treated tissue were assessed immunohistochemically by survivin and Ki-67 staining. Results Survivin could be detected in the small intestine and ascending colon of the normoxia group. It was expressed mainly in the epithelial cells of the crypts and only marginally in the villi. The individual small intestinal segments studied revealed comparable staining intensities. Likewise, expression of survivin was detected in the ischemically damaged small intestine and ascending colon. The expression pattern corresponded to the normoxic animals, as far as verifiable due to the existing tissue damage. Comparison of the expression pattern of Ki-67, a protein that acts as a cellular marker for proliferation, and survivin demonstrated a coincidental localization of the two proteins in the small intestinal and ascending colonic tissue. Conclusions Survivin was expressed strongly in epithelial cells of small intestinal as well as ascending colonic tissue. Its expression was located in cells with a high proliferation rate and regenerative capacity. This further supports the decisive role of survivin in cell division. Surprisingly, the ischemically damaged small intestinal and ascending colonic tissue showed a comparably high expression level. These results suggest that there is already a maximal survivin expression under normal conditions. However, the intestine is able to maintain the regenerative capacity even in spite of an ischemic injury. These findings reflect the important relevance of an intact intestinal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Scheer
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, D-45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Shirley K Knauer
- Institute for Molecular Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Rabea Verhaegh
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, D-45147, Essen, Germany.
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15
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Edizer DT, Yigit O, Cinar Z, Gul M, Kara E, Yigitcan B, Hayır D, Atas A. Protective role of intratympanic nigella sativa oil against gentamicin induced hearing loss. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2017; 97:83-88. [PMID: 28483257 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2017.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aminoglycosides, used to combat with life-threatening infections, have a substantial risk of hearing loss. Nigella sativa is an annual herbaceous plant and used for treatment of many diseases for ages. We aimed to investigate the protective role of intratympanic nigella sativa oil against gentamicin induced hearing loss in an animal model. METHODS AND MATERIALS Twenty eight guinea pigs were randomly divided into four groups: i-control, ii- Intratympanic nigella sativa oil (IT-NSO), iii- Intraperitoneal gentamicin (IP-G) and iv- Intraperitoneal gentamicin and intratympanic nigella sativa oil (IP-G + IT-NSO). Preoperative and postoperative hearing thresholds were determined with auditory brainstem response with click and 8 kHz tone-burst stimuli. Histological analysis of the cochlea specimens were performed under light microscope. Semiquantitative grading of the histological findings was carried out and compared between the groups. RESULTS Highest posttreatment hearing thresholds were detected in IP-G group. Posttreatment mean hearing threshold of the IP-G group with click stimulus was significantly higher than the IP-G + IT-NSO group (p = 0.004). whereas the difference was not significant with 8 kHz tone-burst stimulus (p = 0.137). Both IP-G and IP-G + IT-NSO groups had significantly higher hearing thresholds compared to control and IT-NSO groups (p > 0.05). Histological examination of the control and IT-NSO groups demonstrated normal appearance of cochlear nerve, stria vascularis and organ of Corti. IP-G group showed the most severe histological alterations including hydropic and vacuolar degenerations, hair cell damage and deformation of the basilar mambrane. Histological evidence of damage was significantly reduced in IP-G + IT-NSO group compared to IP-G group. CONCLUSION Addition of intratympanic NSO to systemic gentamicin was demonstrated to have beneficial effects in hearing thresholds which was supported by histological findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Tuna Edizer
- Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ozgur Yigit
- Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zehra Cinar
- Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Gul
- Inonu University Medical Faculty, Department of Histology and Embryology, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Eyyup Kara
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Audiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Birgul Yigitcan
- Inonu University Medical Faculty, Department of Histology and Embryology, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Duygu Hayır
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Audiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Atas
- Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Istanbul, Turkey
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16
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Li S, Hang L, Ma Y. FGF22 protects hearing function from gentamycin ototoxicity by maintaining ribbon synapse number. Hear Res 2016; 332:39-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2015.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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17
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Wünsch D, Hahlbrock A, Heiselmayer C, Bäcker S, Heun P, Goesswein D, Stöcker W, Schirmeister T, Schneider G, Krämer OH, Knauer SK, Stauber RH. Fly versus man: evolutionary impairment of nucleolar targeting affects the degradome of Drosophila's Taspase1. FASEB J 2015; 29:1973-85. [PMID: 25634959 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-262451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human Taspase1 is essential for development and cancer by processing critical regulators, such as the mixed-lineage leukemia protein. Likewise, its ortholog, trithorax, is cleaved by Drosophila Taspase1 (dTaspase1), implementing a functional coevolution. To uncover novel mechanism regulating protease function, we performed a functional analysis of dTaspase1 and its comparison to the human ortholog. dTaspase1 contains an essential nucleophile threonine(195), catalyzing cis cleavage into its α- and β-subunits. A cell-based assay combined with alanine scanning mutagenesis demonstrated that the target cleavage motif for dTaspase1 (Q(3)[F/I/L/M](2)D(1)↓G(1')X(2')X(3')) differs significantly from the human ortholog (Q(3)[F,I,L,V](2)D(1)↓G(1')x(2')D(3')D(4')), predicting an enlarged degradome containing 70 substrates for Drosophila. In contrast to human Taspase1, dTaspase1 shows no discrete localization to the nucleus/nucleolus due to the lack of the importin-α/nucleophosmin1 interaction domain (NoLS) conserved in all vertebrates. Consequently, dTaspase1 interacts with neither the Drosophila nucleoplasmin-like protein nor human nucleophosmin1. The impact of localization on the protease's degradome was confirmed by demonstrating that dTaspase1 did not efficiently process nuclear substrates, such as upstream stimulatory factor 2. However, genetic introduction of the NoLS into dTaspase1 restored its nucleolar localization, nucleophosmin1 interaction, and efficient cleavage of nuclear substrates. We report that evolutionary functional divergence separating vertebrates from invertebrates can be achieved for proteases by a transport/localization-regulated mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Désirée Wünsch
- *Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Ear, Nose and Throat Department, University Medical Center of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Institute for Molecular Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Mainz Scientific Screening Center UG & Co. KG, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany; Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute for Zoology, and Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; and Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Angelina Hahlbrock
- *Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Ear, Nose and Throat Department, University Medical Center of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Institute for Molecular Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Mainz Scientific Screening Center UG & Co. KG, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany; Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute for Zoology, and Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; and Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christina Heiselmayer
- *Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Ear, Nose and Throat Department, University Medical Center of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Institute for Molecular Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Mainz Scientific Screening Center UG & Co. KG, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany; Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute for Zoology, and Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; and Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sandra Bäcker
- *Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Ear, Nose and Throat Department, University Medical Center of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Institute for Molecular Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Mainz Scientific Screening Center UG & Co. KG, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany; Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute for Zoology, and Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; and Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Patrick Heun
- *Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Ear, Nose and Throat Department, University Medical Center of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Institute for Molecular Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Mainz Scientific Screening Center UG & Co. KG, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany; Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute for Zoology, and Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; and Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dorothee Goesswein
- *Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Ear, Nose and Throat Department, University Medical Center of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Institute for Molecular Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Mainz Scientific Screening Center UG & Co. KG, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany; Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute for Zoology, and Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; and Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Walter Stöcker
- *Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Ear, Nose and Throat Department, University Medical Center of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Institute for Molecular Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Mainz Scientific Screening Center UG & Co. KG, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany; Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute for Zoology, and Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; and Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tanja Schirmeister
- *Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Ear, Nose and Throat Department, University Medical Center of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Institute for Molecular Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Mainz Scientific Screening Center UG & Co. KG, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany; Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute for Zoology, and Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; and Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Günter Schneider
- *Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Ear, Nose and Throat Department, University Medical Center of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Institute for Molecular Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Mainz Scientific Screening Center UG & Co. KG, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany; Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute for Zoology, and Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; and Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Oliver H Krämer
- *Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Ear, Nose and Throat Department, University Medical Center of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Institute for Molecular Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Mainz Scientific Screening Center UG & Co. KG, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany; Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute for Zoology, and Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; and Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Shirley K Knauer
- *Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Ear, Nose and Throat Department, University Medical Center of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Institute for Molecular Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Mainz Scientific Screening Center UG & Co. KG, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany; Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute for Zoology, and Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; and Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Roland H Stauber
- *Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Ear, Nose and Throat Department, University Medical Center of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Institute for Molecular Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Mainz Scientific Screening Center UG & Co. KG, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany; Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute for Zoology, and Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany; II. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; and Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
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Zhang Q, Liu H, Soukup GA, He DZZ. Identifying microRNAs involved in aging of the lateral wall of the cochlear duct. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112857. [PMID: 25405349 PMCID: PMC4236067 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related hearing loss is a progressive sensorineural hearing loss that occurs during aging. Degeneration of the organ of Corti and atrophy of the lateral wall of the cochlear duct (or scala media) in the inner ear are the two primary causes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of short non-coding RNAs that regulate the expression of mRNA/protein targets, are important regulators of cellular senescence and aging. We examined miRNA gene expression profiles in the lateral wall of two mouse strains, along with exploration of the potential targets of those miRNAs that showed dynamic expression during aging. We show that 95 and 60 miRNAs exhibited differential expression in C57 and CBA mice during aging, respectively. A majority of downregulated miRNAs are known to regulate pathways of cell proliferation and differentiation, while all upregulated miRNAs are known regulators in the pro-apoptotic pathways. By using apoptosis-related gene array and bioinformatic approaches to predict miRNA targets, we identify candidate miRNA-regulated genes that regulate apoptosis pathways in the lateral wall of C57 and CBA mice during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Huizhan Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Garrett A. Soukup
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
- * E-mail: (GS); (DH)
| | - David Z. Z. He
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
- * E-mail: (GS); (DH)
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Docter D, Bantz C, Westmeier D, Galla HJ, Wang Q, Kirkpatrick JC, Nielsen P, Maskos M, Stauber RH. The protein corona protects against size- and dose-dependent toxicity of amorphous silica nanoparticles. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 5:1380-92. [PMID: 25247121 PMCID: PMC4168937 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.5.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Besides the lung and skin, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is one of the main targets for accidental exposure or biomedical applications of nanoparticles (NP). Biological responses to NP, including nanotoxicology, are caused by the interaction of the NP with cellular membranes and/or cellular entry. Here, the physico-chemical characteristics of NP are widely discussed as critical determinants, albeit the exact mechanisms remain to be resolved. Moreover, proteins associate with NP in physiological fluids, forming the protein corona potentially transforming the biological identity of the particle and thus, adding an additional level of complexity for the bio-nano responses. Here, we employed amorphous silica nanoparticles (ASP) and epithelial GI tract Caco-2 cells as a model to study the biological impact of particle size as well as of the protein corona. Caco-2 or mucus-producing HT-29 cells were exposed to thoroughly characterized, negatively charged ASP of different size in the absence or presence of proteins. Comprehensive experimental approaches, such as quantifying cellular metabolic activity, microscopic observation of cell morphology, and high-throughput cell analysis revealed a dose- and time-dependent toxicity primarily upon exposure with ASP30 (Ø = 30 nm). Albeit smaller (ASP20, Ø = 20 nm) or larger particles (ASP100; Ø = 100 nm) showed a similar zeta potential, they both displayed only low toxicity. Importantly, the adverse effects triggered by ASP30/ASP30L were significantly ameliorated upon formation of the protein corona, which we found was efficiently established on all ASP studied. As a potential explanation, corona formation reduced ASP30 cellular uptake, which was however not significantly affected by ASP surface charge in our model. Collectively, our study uncovers an impact of ASP size as well as of the protein corona on cellular toxicity, which might be relevant for processes at the nano-bio interface in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Docter
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology, ENT/University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - Christoph Bantz
- Fraunhofer ICT-IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Str. 18-20, 55129 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dana Westmeier
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology, ENT/University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hajo J Galla
- Institute of Biochemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-University, Wilhelm Klemm-Str. 2, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Qiangbin Wang
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - James C Kirkpatrick
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre, Institute of Pathology, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - Peter Nielsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Michael Maskos
- Fraunhofer ICT-IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Str. 18-20, 55129 Mainz, Germany
| | - Roland H Stauber
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology, ENT/University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany
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20
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Knauer SK, Unruhe B, Karczewski S, Hecht R, Fetz V, Bier C, Friedl S, Wollenberg B, Pries R, Habtemichael N, Heinrich UR, Stauber RH. Functional characterization of novel mutations affecting survivin (BIRC5)-mediated therapy resistance in head and neck cancer patients. Hum Mutat 2012; 34:395-404. [PMID: 23161837 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Survivin (BIRC5) is an acknowledged cancer therapy-resistance factor and overexpressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Driven by its nuclear export signal (NES), Survivin shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm, and is detectable in both cellular compartments in tumor biopsies. Although predominantly nuclear Survivin is considered a favorable prognostic disease marker for HNSCC patients, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not resolved. Hence, we performed immunohistochemical and mutational analyses using laser capture microdissection on HNSCC biopsies from patients displaying high levels of nuclear Survivin. We found somatic BIRC5 mutations, c.278T>C (p.Phe93Ser), c.292C>T (p.Leu98Phe), and c.288A>G (silent), in tumor cells, but not in corresponding normal tissues. Comprehensive functional characterization of the Survivin mutants by ectopic expression and microinjection experiments revealed that p.Phe93Ser, but not p.Leu98Phe inactivated Survivin's NES, resulted in a predominantly nuclear protein, and attenuated Survivin's dual cytoprotective activity against chemoradiation-induced apoptosis. Notably, in xenotransplantation studies, HNSCC cells containing the p.Phe93Ser mutation responded significantly better to cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Collectively, our results underline the disease relevance of Survivin's nucleocytoplasmic transport, and provide first evidence that genetic inactivation of Survivin's NES may account for predominantly nuclear Survivin and increased therapy response in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley K Knauer
- Institute for Molecular Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, ZMB, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
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21
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Tucci P. Caloric restriction: is mammalian life extension linked to p53? Aging (Albany NY) 2012; 4:525-34. [PMID: 22983298 PMCID: PMC3461340 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Caloric restriction, that is limiting food intake, is recognized in mammals as the best characterized and most reproducible strategy for extending lifespan, retarding physiological aging and delaying the onset of age-associated diseases. The aim of this mini review is to argue that p53 is the connection in the abilities of both the Sirt-1 pathway and the TOR pathway to impact on longevity of cells and organisms. This novel, lifespan regulating function of p53 may be evolutionarily more ancient than its relatively recent role in apoptosis and tumour suppression, and is likely to provide many new insights into lifespan modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Tucci
- Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Leicester University, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK.
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22
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Heinrich UR, Helling K. Nitric oxide--a versatile key player in cochlear function and hearing disorders. Nitric Oxide 2012; 27:106-16. [PMID: 22659013 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2012.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Revised: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a signaling molecule which can generally be formed by three nitric oxide synthases (NOS). Two of them, the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and the neural nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), are calcium/calmodulin-dependent and constitutively expressed in many cell types. Both isoforms are found in the vertebrate cochlea. The inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is independent of calcium and normally not detectable in the un-stimulated cochlea. In the inner ear, as in other tissues, NO was identified as a multitask molecule involved in various processes such as neurotransmission and neuromodulation. In addition, increasing evidence demonstrates that the NO-dependent processes of cell protection or, alternatively, cell destruction seem to depend, among other things, on changes in the local cochlear NO-concentration. These alterations can occur at the cellular level or within a distinct cell population both leading to an NO-imbalance within the hearing organ. This dysfunction can result in hearing loss or even in deafness. In cases of cochlear malfunction, regulatory systems such as the gap junction system, the blood vessels or the synaptic region might be affected temporarily or permanently by an altered NO-level. This review discusses potential cellular mechanisms how NO might contribute to different forms of hearing disorders. Approaches of NO-reduction are evaluated and the transfer of results obtained from experimental animal models to human medication is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulf-Rüdiger Heinrich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center of The Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany.
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23
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Abstract
According to current knowledge, it must be assumed that temporary idiopathic hearing loss and its spontaneous remission are based on mechanical and/or pathological alterations in the inner ear. The causal mechanisms might be based on inter-individual variations. Induced by dose-dependent activators, temporary as well as permanent damage might occur. Sudden hearing loss may be initiated by an increase in the local nitric oxide (NO) concentration. Spontaneous remission, i.e. functional restoration, can be explained by a local decrease in the NO concentration. In this context, regulatory systems such as the gap-junction system, blood vessels or synapses might be affected. In addition, alterations in the hormone level of estrogen and mineralocorticoids, as well as cellular glutathione and vitamin levels, might lead to temporary alterations in the inner ear. Recent experimental findings indicate a role for the shuttle protein Survivin in the spontaneous remission of sudden hearing loss.
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Wróbel M, Karlik M, Szaumkssel M, Rydzanicz M, Szyfter K, Szyfter W. [Comparison of different deafening strategies based on ototoxic drugs on mouse animals model]. Otolaryngol Pol 2012; 66:56-60. [PMID: 22381017 DOI: 10.1016/s0030-6657(12)70751-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY To compare safety, reliability and usefulness of two deafening protocols on animal mouse model, based on aminoglycosides exposure MATERIAL AND METHOD Adults mice, Bulb/C, deafened with kanamycine 14 days treatment (group I), single kanamycin injection followed by etacrinic acid administration (group II) and control group. Hearing evaluation performed with ABR recordings on 6th day after drug exposure RESULTS Both protocols were not able to guarantee complete ablation of the inner ear in tested animals. Although short deafening strategy was more effective (83.33% deaf mice) it was combined with high rate of mortality during general anesthesia for hearing evaluation. CONCLUSIONS Variable outcomes in deafening mouse animal model implies the necessity of hearing evaluation every time prior to the pathophysiological as well as molecular studies. Mice exposed to severe oto- and nephrotoxic insult do not recover after anesthetic drug administration, thus harvesting inner ear tissues especially as the source of RNA should be performed immediately after ABR recordings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Wróbel
- Klinika Otolaryngologii i Onkologii Laryngologicznej Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Poznaniu.
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25
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Abstract
Frequently, low doses of toxins and other stressors not only are harmless but also activate an adaptive stress response that raise the resistance of the organism against high doses of the same agent. This phenomenon, which is known as "hormesis", is best represented by ischemic preconditioning, the situation in which short ischemic episodes protect the brain and the heart against prolonged shortage of oxygen and nutrients. Many molecules that cause cell death also elicit autophagy, a cytoprotective mechanism relying on the digestion of potentially harmful intracellular structures, notably mitochondria. When high doses of these agents are employed, cells undergo mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization and die. In contrast, low doses of such cytotoxic agents can activate hormesis in several paradigms, and this may explain the lifespan-prolonging potential of autophagy inducers including resveratrol and caloric restriction.
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26
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Bucur O, Stancu AL, Khosravi-Far R, Almasan A. Analysis of apoptosis methods recently used in Cancer Research and Cell Death & Disease publications. Cell Death Dis 2012; 3:e263. [PMID: 22297295 PMCID: PMC3288344 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2012.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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27
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Hariprasad G, Kumar M, Rani K, Kaur P, Srinivasan A. Aminoglycoside induced nephrotoxicity: molecular modeling studies of calreticulin-gentamicin complex. J Mol Model 2011; 18:2645-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-011-1289-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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28
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Tenzer S, Docter D, Rosfa S, Wlodarski A, Kuharev J, Rekik A, Knauer SK, Bantz C, Nawroth T, Bier C, Sirirattanapan J, Mann W, Treuel L, Zellner R, Maskos M, Schild H, Stauber RH. Nanoparticle size is a critical physicochemical determinant of the human blood plasma corona: a comprehensive quantitative proteomic analysis. ACS NANO 2011; 5:7155-67. [PMID: 21866933 DOI: 10.1021/nn201950e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 606] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In biological fluids, proteins associate with nanoparticles, leading to a protein "corona" defining the biological identity of the particle. However, a comprehensive knowledge of particle-guided protein fingerprints and their dependence on nanomaterial properties is incomplete. We studied the long-lived ("hard") blood plasma derived corona on monodispersed amorphous silica nanoparticles differing in size (20, 30, and 100 nm). Employing label-free liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, one- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and immunoblotting the composition of the protein corona was analyzed not only qualitatively but also quantitatively. Detected proteins were bioinformatically classified according to their physicochemical and biological properties. Binding of the 125 identified proteins did not simply reflect their relative abundance in the plasma but revealed an enrichment of specific lipoproteins as well as proteins involved in coagulation and the complement pathway. In contrast, immunoglobulins and acute phase response proteins displayed a lower affinity for the particles. Protein decoration of the negatively charged particles did not correlate with protein size or charge, demonstrating that electrostatic effects alone are not the major driving force regulating the nanoparticle-protein interaction. Remarkably, even differences in particle size of only 10 nm significantly determined the nanoparticle corona, although no clear correlation with particle surface volume, protein size, or charge was evident. Particle size quantitatively influenced the particle's decoration with 37% of all identified proteins, including (patho)biologically relevant candidates. We demonstrate the complexity of the plasma corona and its still unresolved physicochemical regulation, which need to be considered in nanobioscience in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Tenzer
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany
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29
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Abstract
The strong interest in cell death, and the shift in emphasis from basic mechanisms to translational aspects fostered the launch last year of the new sister journal of Cell Death and Differentiation, named Cell Death and Disease, to reflect its stronger focus towards clinical applications. Here, we review that first year of activity, which reflects an enthusiastic response by the scientific community. On the basis of this, we now launch two novel initiatives, the start of a new section dedicated to cancer metabolism and the opening of a new editorial office in Shanghai.
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30
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Karasawa T, Steyger PS. Intracellular mechanisms of aminoglycoside-induced cytotoxicity. Integr Biol (Camb) 2011; 3:879-86. [PMID: 21799993 DOI: 10.1039/c1ib00034a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Since introduction into clinical practice over 60 years ago, aminoglycoside antibiotics remain important drugs in the treatment of bacterial infections, cystic fibrosis and tuberculosis. However, the ototoxic and nephrotoxic properties of these drugs are still a major clinical problem. Recent advances in molecular biology and biochemistry have begun to uncover the intracellular actions of aminoglycosides that lead to cytotoxicity. In this review, we discuss intracellular binding targets of aminoglycosides, highlighting specific aminoglycoside-binding proteins (HSP73, calreticulin and CLIMP-63) and their potential for triggering caspases and Bcl-2 signalling cascades that are involved in aminoglycoside-induced cytotoxicity. We also discuss potential strategies to reduce aminoglycoside cytotoxicity, which are necessary for greater bactericidal efficacy during aminoglycoside pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takatoshi Karasawa
- Oregon Hearing Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA.
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31
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Knauer SK, Fetz V, Rabenstein J, Friedl S, Hofmann B, Sabiani S, Schröder E, Kunst L, Proschak E, Thines E, Kindler T, Schneider G, Marschalek R, Stauber RH, Bier C. Bioassays to monitor Taspase1 function for the identification of pharmacogenetic inhibitors. PLoS One 2011; 6:e18253. [PMID: 21647428 PMCID: PMC3102056 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2010] [Accepted: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Threonine Aspartase 1 (Taspase1) mediates cleavage of the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) protein and leukemia provoking MLL-fusions. In contrast to other proteases, the understanding of Taspase1's (patho)biological relevance and function is limited, since neither small molecule inhibitors nor cell based functional assays for Taspase1 are currently available. Methodology/Findings Efficient cell-based assays to probe Taspase1 function in vivo are presented here. These are composed of glutathione S-transferase, autofluorescent protein variants, Taspase1 cleavage sites and rational combinations of nuclear import and export signals. The biosensors localize predominantly to the cytoplasm, whereas expression of biologically active Taspase1 but not of inactive Taspase1 mutants or of the protease Caspase3 triggers their proteolytic cleavage and nuclear accumulation. Compared to in vitro assays using recombinant components the in vivo assay was highly efficient. Employing an optimized nuclear translocation algorithm, the triple-color assay could be adapted to a high-throughput microscopy platform (Z'factor = 0.63). Automated high-content data analysis was used to screen a focused compound library, selected by an in silico pharmacophor screening approach, as well as a collection of fungal extracts. Screening identified two compounds, N-[2-[(4-amino-6-oxo-3H-pyrimidin-2-yl)sulfanyl]ethyl]benzenesulfonamide and 2-benzyltriazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid, which partially inhibited Taspase1 cleavage in living cells. Additionally, the assay was exploited to probe endogenous Taspase1 in solid tumor cell models and to identify an improved consensus sequence for efficient Taspase1 cleavage. This allowed the in silico identification of novel putative Taspase1 targets. Those include the FERM Domain-Containing Protein 4B, the Tyrosine-Protein Phosphatase Zeta, and DNA Polymerase Zeta. Cleavage site recognition and proteolytic processing of these substrates were verified in the context of the biosensor. Conclusions The assay not only allows to genetically probe Taspase1 structure function in vivo, but is also applicable for high-content screening to identify Taspase1 inhibitors. Such tools will provide novel insights into Taspase1's function and its potential therapeutic relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley K. Knauer
- Institute for Molecular Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Verena Fetz
- Mainzer Screening Center (MSC), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jens Rabenstein
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology/ZAFES, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Sandra Friedl
- Mainzer Screening Center (MSC), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bettina Hofmann
- Institute Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology/ZAFES, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Samaneh Sabiani
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology/ZAFES, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Schröder
- Institute for Molecular Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lena Kunst
- Institute for Molecular Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Eugen Proschak
- Institute Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology/ZAFES, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Eckhard Thines
- Institute of Biotechnology and Drug Research Kaiserslautern (IBWF), Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Thomas Kindler
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Gisbert Schneider
- Institute Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology/ZAFES, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Rolf Marschalek
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology/ZAFES, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Roland H. Stauber
- Mainzer Screening Center (MSC), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- * E-mail: (CB); (RHS)
| | - Carolin Bier
- Mainzer Screening Center (MSC), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- * E-mail: (CB); (RHS)
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32
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Bier C, Knauer SK, Docter D, Schneider G, Krämer OH, Stauber RH. The Importin-Alpha/Nucleophosmin Switch Controls Taspase1 Protease Function. Traffic 2011; 12:703-14. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2011.01191.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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