1
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Sharma A, Vaswani P, Bhatia D. Revolutionizing cancer therapy using tetrahedral DNA nanostructures as intelligent drug delivery systems. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:3714-3732. [PMID: 39050960 PMCID: PMC11265600 DOI: 10.1039/d4na00145a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
DNA nanostructures have surfaced as intriguing entities with vast potential in biomedicine, notably in the drug delivery area. Tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDNs) have received worldwide attention from among an array of different DNA nanostructures due to their extraordinary stability, great biocompatibility, and ease of functionalization. TDNs could be readily synthesized, making them attractive carriers for chemotherapeutic medicines, nucleic acid therapeutics, and imaging probes. Their varied uses encompass medication delivery, molecular diagnostics, biological imaging, and theranostics. This review extensively highlights the mechanisms of functional modification of TDNs and their applications in cancer therapy. Additionally, it discusses critical concerns and unanswered problems that require attention to increase the future application of TDNs in developing cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University Mathura Uttar Pradesh-281406 India
| | - Payal Vaswani
- Department of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Palaj 382355 Gandhinagar India
| | - Dhiraj Bhatia
- Department of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Palaj 382355 Gandhinagar India
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2
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Olek M, Machorowska-Pieniążek A, Czuba ZP, Cieślar G, Kawczyk-Krupka A. Immunomodulatory Effect of Hypericin-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy on Oral Cancer Cells. Pharmaceutics 2023; 16:42. [PMID: 38258051 PMCID: PMC10819034 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In 2020, there were 377,713 new oral and lip cancer diagnoses and 177,757 deaths. Oral cancer is a malignancy of the head and neck region, and 90% of cases are squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). One of the alternative methods of treating pre-cancerous lesions and oral cancer is photodynamic therapy (PDT). In addition to the cytotoxic effect, an important mechanism of PDT action is the immunomodulatory effect. This study used the OSCC (SCC-25) cell line and the healthy gingival fibroblast (HGF-1) line. A compound of natural origin-hypericin (HY)-was used as the photosensitizer (PS). The HY concentrations of 0-1 µM were used. After two hours of incubation with PS, the cells were irradiated with light doses of 0-20 J/cm2. The MTT test determined sublethal doses of PDT. Cell supernatants subjected to sublethal PDT were assessed for interleukin 6 (IL-6), soluble IL-6 receptor alpha (sIL-6Ralfa), sIL-6Rbeta, IL-8, IL-10, IL-11 IL-20, IL-32, and Pentraxin-3 using the Bio-Plex ProTM Assay. The phototoxic effect was observed starting with a light dose of 5 J/cm2 and amplified with increasing HY concentration and a light dose. HY-PDT affected the SCC-25 cell secretion of sIL-6Rbeta, IL-20, and Pentraxin-3. HY alone increased IL-8 secretion. In the case of HGF-1, the effect of HY-PDT on the secretion of IL-8 and IL-32 was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Olek
- Doctoral School of Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland;
| | | | - Zenon P. Czuba
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz Cieślar
- Department of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Kawczyk-Krupka
- Department of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland;
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3
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Su Z, Yao C, Tipper J, Yang L, Xu X, Chen X, Bao G, He B, Xu X, Zheng Y. Nanostrategy of Targeting at Embryonic Trophoblast Cells Using CuO Nanoparticles for Female Contraception. ACS NANO 2023; 17:25185-25204. [PMID: 38088330 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Effective contraceptives have been comprehensively adopted by women to prevent the negative consequences of unintended pregnancy for women, families, and societies. With great contributions of traditional hormonal drugs and intrauterine devices (IUDs) to effective female contraception by inhibiting ovulation and deactivating sperm, their long-standing side effects on hormonal homeostasis and reproductive organs for females remain concerns. Herein, we proposed a nanostrategy for female contraceptives, inducing embryonic trophoblast cell death using nanoparticles to prevent embryo implantation. Cupric oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) were adopted in this work to verify the feasibility of the nanostrategy and its contraceptive efficacy. We carried out the in vitro assessment on the interaction of CuO NPs with trophoblast cells using the HTR8/SVneo cell line. The results showed that the CuO NPs were able to be preferably uptaken into cells and induced cell damage via a variety of pathways including oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, DNA damage, and cell cycle arrest to induce cell death of apoptosis, ferroptosis, and cuproptosis. Moreover, the key regulatory processes and the key genes for cell damage and cell death caused by CuO NPs were revealed by RNA-Seq. We also conducted in vivo experiments using a rat model to examine the contraceptive efficacy of both the bare CuO NPs and the CuO/thermosensitive hydrogel nanocomposite. The results demonstrated that the CuO NPs were highly effective for contraception. There was no sign of disrupting the homeostasis of copper and hormone, or causing inflammation and organ damage in vivo. In all, this nanostrategy exhibited huge potential for contraceptive development with high biosafety, efficacy, clinical translation, nonhormonal style, and on-demand for women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenning Su
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research, Department of Reproduction Physiology, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing 100081, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Cancan Yao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research, Department of Reproduction Physiology, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing 100081, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Joanne Tipper
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Lijun Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research, Department of Reproduction Physiology, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing 100081, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xiangbo Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research, Department of Reproduction Physiology, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xihua Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research, Department of Reproduction Physiology, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Guo Bao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research, Department of Reproduction Physiology, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bin He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering Technology Research, Department of Reproduction Physiology, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoxue Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales 2751, Australia
| | - Yufeng Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
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4
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Peng Z, Lu J, Liu K, Xie L, Wang Y, Cai C, Yang D, Xi J, Yan C, Li X, Shi M. Hypericin as a promising natural bioactive naphthodianthrone: A review of its pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and safety. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5639-5656. [PMID: 37690821 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Hypericin can be derived from St. John's wort, which is widely spread around the world. As a natural product, it has been put into clinical practice such as wound healing and depression for a long time. In this article, we review the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and safety of hypericin, aiming to introduce the research advances and provide a full evaluation of it. Turns out hypericin, as a natural photosensitizer, exhibits an excellent capacity for anticancer, neuroprotection, and elimination of microorganisms, especially when activated by light, potent anticancer and antimicrobial effects are obtained after photodynamic therapy. The mechanisms of its therapeutic effects involve the induction of cell death, inhibition of cell cycle progression, inhibition of the reuptake of amines, and inhibition of virus replication. The pharmacokinetics properties indicate that hypericin has poor water solubility and bioavailability. The distribution and excretion are fast, and it is metabolized in bile. The toxicity of hypericin is rarely reported and the conventional use of it rarely causes adverse effects except for photosensitization. Therefore, we may conclude that hypericin can be used safely and effectively against a variety of diseases. We hope to provide researchers with detailed guidance and enlighten the development of it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Long Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yulin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunyan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Dejun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingjing Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunmei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingyi Shi
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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5
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Teng Y, Li Z, Liu J, Teng L, Li H. Proliferation inhibition and apoptosis of liver cancer cells treated by blue light irradiation. Med Oncol 2023; 40:227. [PMID: 37410177 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02096-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Blue light (BL) irradiation has been a potentially efficient treatment for many kinds of tumors. In this study, a BL irradiation (centered at 453 nm in wavelength) was proposed to treat the common human liver cancer cell lines of SMMC-7721 and HepG2, examined by means of flow cytometry, western blot, fluorescence microscope assay. In comparison to control groups, the apoptosis and proliferation inhibition of both BL-treated cells are expressively enhanced by mitochondrial apoptosis. The mechanism of apoptosis is related to the more production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by BL and the corresponding changes in the expression of apoptosis-related Bcl-2, Bax and Bad proteins. In addition, the migration rate of the cancer cells could be reduced after BL irradiation. These results demonstrate that introducing BL irradiation is helpful to establish an effective and low toxicity strategy for the clinical treatment of liver tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Teng
- State Key Lab of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhige Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Junsong Liu
- State Key Lab of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lesheng Teng
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongdong Li
- State Key Lab of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China.
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Ma HL, Urbaczek AC, Zeferino Ribeiro de Souza F, Bernal C, Rodrigues Perussi J, Carrilho E. Replicating endothelial shear stress in organ-on-a-chip for predictive hypericin photodynamic efficiency. Int J Pharm 2023; 634:122629. [PMID: 36682507 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy using Hypericin (Hy-PDT) is an alternative non-invasive treatment that enables selective tumor inhibition and angiogenesis derived from the differential recruitment of endothelial cells in the tumor microenvironment. Most PDT studies were performed on in vitro models without vascular biomechanical simulation. Our work strives to develop a microchip that generates a constant shear stress force to investigate the Hy-PDT efficiency on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The microchip with a single straight microchannel was composed of the bottom layer (polystyrene), the middle layer (double-sided biocompatible adhesive tape), and the top layer (polyester film) and could produce shear stress in the range of 1.4 - 7.0 dyn cm-2. The quantification of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cell viability, and activities of caspases 3 and 7 were assayed to validate the microchip and Hy-PDT efficacy. After the endothelization, static and dynamic cell incubations with Hy were conducted in microchips. Compared to static systems, the shear stress displayed its effect on the increasing release of VEGF and promoted more cell damage and cell death via necrosis during Hy-PDT. In conclusion, the expressive shear stress-dependent manner during PDT treatments suggests that the microchip could be an essential approach in preclinical tests to evaluate the therapeutic outcome considering the endothelial shear stress microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ling Ma
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, INCTBio, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Urbaczek
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Fayene Zeferino Ribeiro de Souza
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, INCTBio, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Claudia Bernal
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, INCTBio, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Emanuel Carrilho
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, INCTBio, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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7
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Wu JJ, Zhang J, Xia CY, Ding K, Li XX, Pan XG, Xu JK, He J, Zhang WK. Hypericin: A natural anthraquinone as promising therapeutic agent. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 111:154654. [PMID: 36689857 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypericin is a prominent secondary metabolite mainly existing in genus Hypericum. It has become a research focus for a quiet long time owing to its extensively pharmacological activities especially the anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, anti-viral and neuroprotective effects. This review concentrated on summarizing and analyzing the existing studies of hypericin in a comprehensive perspective. METHODS The literature with desired information about hypericin published after 2010 was gained from electronic databases including PubMed, SciFinder, Science Direct, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases and Wan Fang DATA. RESULTS According to extensive preclinical and clinical studies conducted on the hypericin, an organized and comprehensive summary of the natural and artificial sources, strategies for improving the bioactivities, pharmacological activities, drug combination of hypericin was presented to explore the future therapeutic potential of this active compound. CONCLUSIONS Overall, this review offered a theoretical guidance for the follow-up research of hypericin. However, the pharmacological mechanisms, pharmacokinetics and structure activity relationship of hypericin should be further studied in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Wu
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital (Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100029, China; Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Cong-Yuan Xia
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Kang Ding
- School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xin-Xin Li
- School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xue-Ge Pan
- School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jie-Kun Xu
- School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Wei-Ku Zhang
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital (Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100029, China; Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China.
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8
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Jung HS, Koo S, Won M, An S, Park H, Sessler JL, Han J, Kim JS. Cu(ii)-BODIPY photosensitizer for CAIX overexpressed cancer stem cell therapy. Chem Sci 2023; 14:1808-1819. [PMID: 36819853 PMCID: PMC9930985 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03945a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance originating from cancer stem cells (CSCs) is a major cause of cancer treatment failure and highlights the need to develop CSC-targeting therapies. Although enormous progress in both photodynamic therapy (PDT) and chemodynamic therapy (CDT) has been made in recent decades, the efficacy of these modalities against CSC remains limited. Here, we report a new generation photosensitizer, CA9-BPS-Cu(ii), a system that combines three subunits within a single molecule, namely a copper catalyst for CDT, a boron dipyrromethene photosensitizer for PDT, and acetazolamide for CSC targeting via carbonic anhydrase-9 (CA9) binding. A therapeutic effect in MDA-MB-231 cells was observed that is ascribed to elevated oxidative stress mediated by a combined CDT/PDT effect, as well as through copper-catalysed glutathione oxidation. The CSC targeting ability of CA9-BPS-Cu(ii) was evident from the enhanced affinity of CA9-BPS-Cu(ii) towards CD133-positive MDA-MB-231 cells where CA9 is overexpressed vs. CD133-negative cells. Moreover, the efficacy of CA9-BPS-Cu(ii) was successfully demonstrated in a xenograft mouse tumour model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Sung Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hyupsung University Hwasung-si 18330 Korea
| | - Seyoung Koo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University Seoul 02841 Korea
| | - Miae Won
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University Seoul 02841 Korea
| | - Seeun An
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hyupsung University Hwasung-si 18330 Korea
| | - Haebeen Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hyupsung University Hwasung-si 18330 Korea
| | - Jonathan L Sessler
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712-1224 USA
| | - Jiyou Han
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hyupsung University Hwasung-si 18330 Korea
| | - Jong Seung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University Seoul 02841 Korea
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Galinari CB, Biachi TDP, Gonçalves RS, Cesar GB, Bergmann EV, Malacarne LC, Kioshima Cotica ÉS, Bonfim-Mendonça PDS, Svidzinski TIE. Photoactivity of hypericin: from natural product to antifungal application. Crit Rev Microbiol 2023; 49:38-56. [PMID: 35171731 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2022.2036100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Considering the multifaceted and increasing application of photodynamic therapy (PDT), in recent years the antimicrobial employment of this therapy has been highlighted, because of the antiviral, antibacterial, antiparasitic, and antifungal activities that have already been demonstrated. In this context, research focussed on antimycological action, especially for treatment of superficial infections, presents promising growth due to the characteristics of these infections that facilitate PDT application as new therapeutic options are needed in the field of medical mycology. Among the more than one hundred classes of photosensitizers the antifungal action of hypericin (Hyp) stands out due to its ability to permeate the lipid membrane and accumulate in different cytoplasmic organelles of eukaryotic cells. In this review, we aim to provide a complete overview of the origin, physicochemical characteristics, and optimal alternative drug deliveries that promote the photodynamic action of Hyp (Hyp-PDT) against fungi. Furthermore, considering the lack of a methodological consensus, we intend to compile the best strategies to guide researchers in the antifungal application of Hyp-PDT. Overall, this review provides a future perspective of new studies and clinical possibilities for the advances of such a technique in the treatment of mycoses in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Barros Galinari
- Department of Analysis Clinics & Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Tiago de Paula Biachi
- Department of Analysis Clinics & Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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10
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Kong C, Chen X. Combined Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapy and Immunotherapy for Cancer Treatment: A Review. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:6427-6446. [PMID: 36540374 PMCID: PMC9760263 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s388996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoactivation therapy based on photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) has been identified as a tumour ablation modality for numerous cancer indications, with photosensitisers and photothermal conversion agents playing important roles in the phototherapy process, especially in recent decades. In addition, the iteration of nanotechnology has strongly promoted the development of phototherapy in tumour treatment. PDT can increase the sensitivity of tumour cells to PTT by interfering with the tumour microenvironment, whereas the heat generated by PTT can increase blood flow, improve oxygen supply and enhance the PDT therapeutic effect. In addition, tumour cell debris generated by phototherapy can serve as tumour-associated antigens, evoking antitumor immune responses. In this review, the research progress of phototherapy, and its research effects in combination with immunotherapy on the treatment of tumours are mainly outlined, and issues that may need continued attention in the future are raised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunqing Kong
- Department of medical imaging center, central hospital affiliated to Shandong first medical university, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingcai Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy and Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Xingcai Chen, Email
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11
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Martins JN, Lucredi NC, Oliveira MC, Oliveira ACV, Godoy MA, Sá-Nakanishi AB, Bracht L, Cesar GB, Gonçalves RS, Vicentini VE, Caetano W, Godoy VA, Bracht A, Comar JF. Poloxamers-based nanomicelles as delivery vehicles of hypericin for hepatic photodynamic therapy. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.104043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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12
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Adnane F, El-Zayat E, Fahmy HM. The combinational application of photodynamic therapy and nanotechnology in skin cancer treatment: A review. Tissue Cell 2022; 77:101856. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Ulu A, Sezer SK, Yüksel Ş, Koç A, Ateş B. Preparation, Controlled Drug Release, and Cell Viability Evaluation of Tenofovir Alafenamide‐Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles. STARCH-STARKE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202100144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Ulu
- Biochemistry and Biomaterials Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry Faculty of Arts and Science İnönü University Malatya 44280 Turkey
| | - Selcen Korkmaz Sezer
- Department of Medical Genetics Faculty of Medicine Turgut Ozal Medical Center İnönü University Malatya 44280 Turkey
| | - Şengül Yüksel
- Department of Medical Genetics Faculty of Medicine Turgut Ozal Medical Center İnönü University Malatya 44280 Turkey
| | - Ahmet Koç
- Department of Medical Genetics Faculty of Medicine Turgut Ozal Medical Center İnönü University Malatya 44280 Turkey
| | - Burhan Ateş
- Biochemistry and Biomaterials Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry Faculty of Arts and Science İnönü University Malatya 44280 Turkey
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14
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Pevna V, Wagnières G, Huntosova V. Autophagy and Apoptosis Induced in U87 MG Glioblastoma Cells by Hypericin-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy Can Be Photobiomodulated with 808 nm Light. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111703. [PMID: 34829932 PMCID: PMC8615841 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive types of tumors. Although few treatment options are currently available, new modalities are needed to improve prognosis. In this context, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising adjuvant treatment modality. In the present work, hypericin-mediated PDT (hypericin-PDT, 2 J/cm2) of U87 MG cells is combined with (2 min, 15 mW/cm2 at 808 nm) photobiomodulation (PBM). We observed that PBM stimulates autophagy, which, in combination with PDT, increases the treatment efficacy and leads to apoptosis. Confocal fluorescence microscopy, cytotoxicity assays and Western blot were used to monitor apoptotic and autophagic processes in these cells. Destabilization of lysosomes, mitochondria and the Golgi apparatus led to an increase in lactate dehydrogenase activity, oxidative stress levels, LC3-II, and caspase-3, as well as a decrease of the PKCα and STAT3 protein levels in response to hypericin-PDT subcellular concentration in U87 MG cells. Our results indicate that therapeutic hypericin concentrations can be reduced when PDT is combined with PBM. This will likely allow to reduce the damage induced in surrounding healthy tissues when PBM-hypericin-PDT is used for in vivo tumor treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Pevna
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Science, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenna 5, 041 54 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Georges Wagnières
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Institute of Physics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL), Station 6, Building CH, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Veronika Huntosova
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Technology and Innovation Park, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenna 5, 041 54 Kosice, Slovakia
- Correspondence:
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Barathan M, Vellasamy KM, Ibrahim ZA, Mariappan V, Hoong SM, Vadivelu J. Zerumbone mediates apoptosis and induces secretion of proinflammatory cytokines in breast carcinoma cell culture. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 24:1538-1545. [PMID: 35317109 PMCID: PMC8917841 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2021.58573.13012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the potential anti-breast cancer activity of zerumbone in regulating apoptotic mediators and cytokines in comparison with paclitaxel (positive control). Materials and Methods In this study, assays such as viability, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species, cell cycle, DNA fragmentation, and cytokines were carried out on MCF-7 cells after treatment with zerumbone and paclitaxel. Results The results showed that zerumbone demonstrated a higher (18-fold) IC50 value (126.7 µg/ml) than paclitaxel (7.29 µg/ml) in order to suppress proliferation and induce cell death of MCF-7. The cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and excessive intracellular ROS production during the in vitro zerumbone treatment indicated occurrence of apoptotic cell death although nuclear DNA fragmentation was not observed. The flow cytometer analysis of treated cells revealed secretion of proinflammatory cytokines suggesting the potential immunomodulatory activity of zerumbone. Conclusion Although, zerumbone exhibited a higher IC50 value compared with paclitaxel yet its anticancer activity against MCF-7 cells is still parallel to paclitaxel hence zerumbone has the potential to be an antineoplastic agent in the treatment of breast cancer especially the luminal type A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muttiah Barathan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Kumutha Malar Vellasamy
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Zaridatul Aini Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Vanitha Mariappan
- Center of Toxicology and Health Risk Studies (CORE), Faculty of Health Sciences, National University of Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - See Mee Hoong
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Jamuna Vadivelu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia,Corresponding author: Jamuna Vadivelu. Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
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16
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Guo X, Yang N, Ji W, Zhang H, Dong X, Zhou Z, Li L, Shen HM, Yao SQ, Huang W. Mito-Bomb: Targeting Mitochondria for Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007778. [PMID: 34510563 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Cancer has been one of the most common life-threatening diseases for a long time. Traditional cancer therapies such as surgery, chemotherapy (CT), and radiotherapy (RT) have limited effects due to drug resistance, unsatisfactory treatment efficiency, and side effects. In recent years, photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal therapy (PTT), and chemodynamic therapy (CDT) have been utilized for cancer treatment owing to their high selectivity, minor resistance, and minimal toxicity. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that selective delivery of drugs to specific subcellular organelles can significantly enhance the efficiency of cancer therapy. Mitochondria-targeting therapeutic strategies are promising for cancer therapy, which is attributed to the essential role of mitochondria in the regulation of cancer cell apoptosis, metabolism, and more vulnerable to hyperthermia and oxidative damage. Herein, the rational design, functionalization, and applications of diverse mitochondria-targeting units, involving organic phosphine/sulfur salts, quaternary ammonium (QA) salts, peptides, transition-metal complexes, guanidinium or bisguanidinium, as well as mitochondria-targeting cancer therapies including PDT, PTT, CDT, and others are summarized. This review aims to furnish researchers with deep insights and hints in the design and applications of novel mitochondria-targeting agents for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Naidi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Wenhui Ji
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Xiao Dong
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Han-Ming Shen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Shao Q Yao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China
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Abdelsalam AM, Somaida A, Ambreen G, Ayoub AM, Tariq I, Engelhardt K, Garidel P, Fawaz I, Amin MU, Wojcik M, Bakowsky U. Surface tailored zein as a novel delivery system for hypericin: Application in photodynamic therapy. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 129:112420. [PMID: 34579929 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Zein is an FDA-approved maize protein featured by its manipulative surface and the possibility of fabrication into nanomaterials. Although extensive research has been carried out in zein-based technology, limited work is available for the application of zein in the field of cancer photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this work, we report zein as a carrier for the natural photosensitizer hypericin in the PDT of hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro. Zein was modified through chemical PEGylation to form PEGylated zein micelles that were compared with two zein nanoparticle formulations physically stabilized by either the lecithin/pluronic mixture or sodium caseinate. FT-IR, 1HNMR and HP-SEC MALS approaches were employed to confirm the chemical PEGylation of zein. Our developed zein nanoparticles and micelles were further characterized by photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The obtained results showed relatively smaller sizes and higher encapsulation of hypericin in the micellar zein than the nanoparticle-based formulations. Phototoxicity on hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2 cells) manifested a dose-dependent toxicity pattern of all designed zein formulations. However, superior cytotoxicity was prominent for the hypericin-based micelles, which was influenced by the higher cellular uptake profile. Consequently, the treated HepG2 cells manifested a higher level of intracellular generated ROS and disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, which induced apoptotic cell death. Comparatively, the designed hypericin formulations indicated lower phototoxicity profile in murine fibroblast L929 cells reflecting their safety on normal cells. Our investigations suggested that the surface-modified zein could be employed to enhance the delivery of the hydrophobic hypericin in PDT and pave the way for future in vivo and clinical applications in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Abdelsalam
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Philipps University of Marburg, Robert-Koch Strasse 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Somaida
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Philipps University of Marburg, Robert-Koch Strasse 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Ghazala Ambreen
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Philipps University of Marburg, Robert-Koch Strasse 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Abdallah M Ayoub
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Philipps University of Marburg, Robert-Koch Strasse 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Imran Tariq
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Philipps University of Marburg, Robert-Koch Strasse 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany; Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of Punjab, Allama Iqbal Campus, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Konrad Engelhardt
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Philipps University of Marburg, Robert-Koch Strasse 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Garidel
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Ibrahim Fawaz
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Philipps University of Marburg, Robert-Koch Strasse 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Muhammed U Amin
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Philipps University of Marburg, Robert-Koch Strasse 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Wojcik
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Philipps University of Marburg, Robert-Koch Strasse 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Udo Bakowsky
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Philipps University of Marburg, Robert-Koch Strasse 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany.
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Lou J, Aragaki M, Bernards N, Kinoshita T, Mo J, Motooka Y, Ishiwata T, Gregor A, Chee T, Chen Z, Chen J, Kaga K, Wakasa S, Zheng G, Yasufuku K. Repeated porphyrin lipoprotein-based photodynamic therapy controls distant disease in mouse mesothelioma via the abscopal effect. NANOPHOTONICS 2021; 10:3279-3294. [PMID: 36405502 PMCID: PMC9646247 DOI: 10.1515/nanoph-2021-0241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
While photodynamic therapy (PDT) can induce acute inflammation in the irradiated tumor site, a sustained systemic, adaptive immune response is desirable, as it may control the growth of nonirradiated distant disease. Previously, we developed porphyrin lipoprotein (PLP), a ∼20 nm nanoparticle photosensitizer, and observed that it not only efficiently eradicated irradiated primary VX2 buccal carcinomas in rabbits, but also induced regression of nonirradiated metastases in a draining lymph node. We hypothesized that PLP-mediated PDT can induce an abscopal effect and we sought to investigate the immune mechanism underlying such a response in a highly aggressive, dual subcutaneous AE17-OVA+ mesothelioma model in C57BL/6 mice. Four cycles of PLP-mediated PDT was sufficient to delay the growth of a distal, nonirradiated tumor four-fold relative to controls. Serum cytokine analysis revealed high interleukin-6 levels, showing a 30-fold increase relative to phosphate-buffered solution (PBS) treated mice. Flow cytometry revealed an increase in CD4+ T cells and effector memory CD8+ T cells in non-irradiated tumors. Notably, PDT in combination with PD-1 antibody therapy prolonged survival compared to monotherapy and PBS. PLP-mediated PDT shows promise in generating a systemic immune response that can complement other treatments, improving prognoses for patients with metastatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Lou
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, PMCRT 5-354, 101 College Street, Toronto, OntarioM5G 1L7, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, OntarioM5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Masato Aragaki
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, EN 9N‐957, Toronto, OntarioM5G 2C4, Canada
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Hokkaido University Faculty and School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido060-8638, Japan
| | - Nicholas Bernards
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, EN 9N‐957, Toronto, OntarioM5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Tomonari Kinoshita
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Tachikawa Hospital, 4-2-22 Nishikicho, Tachikawa, Tokyo, 190-8531, Japan
| | - Jessica Mo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, OntarioM5S 1A8Canada
| | - Yamoto Motooka
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kumamoto University Hospital, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Ishiwata
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, EN 9N‐957, Toronto, OntarioM5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Alexander Gregor
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, EN 9N‐957, Toronto, OntarioM5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Tess Chee
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Zhenchian Chen
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, EN 9N‐957, Toronto, OntarioM5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Juan Chen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, OntarioM5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Kichizo Kaga
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Hokkaido University Faculty and School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido060-8638, Japan
| | - Satoru Wakasa
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Hokkaido University Faculty and School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido060-8638, Japan
| | - Gang Zheng
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, PMCRT 5-354, 101 College Street, Toronto, OntarioM5G 1L7, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, OntarioM5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Kazuhiro Yasufuku
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, OntarioM5G 1L7, Canada
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, EN 9N‐957, Toronto, OntarioM5G 2C4, Canada
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Barathan M, Zulpa AK, Vellasamy KM, Mariappan V, Shivashekaregowda NKH, Ibrahim ZA, Vadivelu J. Cytotoxic Activity of Isoniazid Derivative in Human Breast Cancer Cells. In Vivo 2021; 35:2675-2685. [PMID: 34410956 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Isoniazid is an antibiotic used for the treatment of tuberculosis. Previously, we found that the isoniazid derivative (E)-N'-(2,3,4-trihydroxybenzylidene) isonicotinohydrazide (ITHB4) could be developed as novel antimycobacterial agent by lead optimization. We further explored the ability of this compound compared to zerumbone in inhibiting the growth of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cytotoxicity was measured by the MTT assay and further confirmed via apoptosis, ROS, cell cycle, DNA fragmentation and cytokine assays. RESULTS ITHB4 demonstrated a lower IC50 compared to zerumbone in inhibiting the proliferation of MCF-7 cells. ITHB4 showed no toxicity against normal breast and human immune cells. Apoptosis assay revealed that ITHB4, at a concentration equal to the IC50, induces apoptosis of MCF-7 cells and cell cycle arrest at the sub-G1 and G2/M phases. ITHB4 triggered accumulation of intracellular ROS and nuclear DNA fragmentation. Secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines induced inflammation and potentially immunogenic cell death. CONCLUSION ITHB4 has almost similar chemotherapeutic properties as zerumbone in inhibiting MCF-7 growth, and hence provide the basis for further experiments in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muttiah Barathan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Khusairy Zulpa
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kumutha Malar Vellasamy
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vanitha Mariappan
- Center of Toxicology and Health Risk Studies (CORE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Zaridatul Aini Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jamuna Vadivelu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
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20
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Hu J, Song J, Tang Z, Wei S, Chen L, Zhou R. Hypericin-mediated photodynamic therapy inhibits growth of colorectal cancer cells via inducing S phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 900:174071. [PMID: 33811836 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one type of cancer with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Photodynamic therapy (PDT), a promising new therapeutic approach for cancer, induces tumor damage through photosensitizer-mediated oxidative cytotoxicity. Hypericin is a powerful photosensitizer with pronounced tumor-localizing properties. In this study, we investigated the phototoxic effects of hypericin-mediated PDT (HYP-PDT) in HCT116 and SW620 cells. We validated that HYP-PDT inhibited cell proliferation, triggered intracellular reactive oxygen species generation, induced S phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of HCT116 and SW620 cells. Mechanistically, the results of western blot showed that HYP-PDT downregulated CDK2 expression through decreasing the CDC25A protein, which resulted in the decrease of CDK2/Cyclin A complex. Additionally, HYP-PDT induced DNA damage as evidenced by ATM activation and upregulation of p-H2AX. Further investigation showed that HYP-PDT significantly increased Bax expression and decreased Bcl-2 expression, and then, upregulated the expression of cleaved caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP, thereby inducing apoptosis in HCT116 and SW620 cells. In conclusion, our results indicated that the CDC25A/CDK2/Cyclin A pathway and the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway were involved in HYP-PDT induced S phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells, which shows HYP could be a probable candidate used for treating colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhang Hu
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangluqi Song
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhishu Tang
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China.
| | - Simin Wei
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Chen
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, People's Republic of China
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Wang X, Gong Q, Song C, Fang J, Yang Y, Liang X, Huang X, Liu J. Berberine-photodynamic therapy sensitizes melanoma cells to cisplatin-induced apoptosis through ROS-mediated P38 MAPK pathways. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 418:115484. [PMID: 33716044 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The clinical use of cisplatin are limited due to its drug resistance. Thus, it is urgent to find effective combination therapy that sensitizes tumor cells to this drug. The combined chemo-photodynamic therapy could increase anti-tumor efficacy while also reduce the side effects of cisplatin. Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid, which has been reported to show high photosensitizing activity. In this study, we have examined the effect of a combination of cisplatin and berberine-PDT in cisplatin-resistant melanoma cells. The cytotoxic effects of berberine-PDT alone or in combination with cisplatin were tested by MTT assays. We then examined the subcellular localization of berberine with confocal fluorescence microscopy. The percentage of apoptotic cells, the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation assessed using flow cytometry analysis. Western blotting used in this study to determine the expression levels of MAPK signaling pathways and apoptosis-related proteins. Experimental data revealed that the mode of cell death is the caspase-dependent mitochondrial apoptotic pathways. Excessive accumulation of ROS played a key role in this process, which is confirmed by alleviation of cytotoxicity upon pretreatment with NAC. Furthermore, we found that the combined treatment activated MAPK signaling pathway. The inhibition of p38 MAPK by pretreating with SB203580 block the combined treatment-induced apoptotic cell death. In conclusion, berberine-PDT could be used as a chemo-sensitizer by promoting cell death through activation of a ROS/p38/caspase cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Qianyi Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Changfeng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Jiaping Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Yun Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, China
| | - Xin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
| | - Xuan Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, China; Natural Medicine and Health Food Research & Technology Innovation Team of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, China; Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Oncological Photodynamic Therapy and Targeted Drug Research, China.
| | - Jianwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
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22
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Ribeiro CRDA, de Almeida NAA, Martinelli KG, Pires MA, Mello CEB, Barros JJ, de Paula VS. Cytokine profile during occult hepatitis B virus infection in chronic hepatitis C patients. Virol J 2021; 18:15. [PMID: 33435966 PMCID: PMC7802259 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01487-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the leading causes of acute, chronic and occult hepatitis (OBI) representing a serious public health threat. Cytokines are known to be important chemical mediators that regulate the differentiation, proliferation and function of immune cells. Accumulating evidence indicate that the inadequate immune responses are responsible for HBV persistency. The aim of this study were to investigate the cytokines IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-17A in patients with OBI and verify if there is an association between the levels of these cytokines with the determination of clinical courses during HBV occult infection. Methods 114 patients with chronic hepatitis C were investigated through serological and molecular tests, the OBI coinfected patients were subjected to the test for cytokines using the commercial human CBA kit. As controls, ten healthy donors with no history of liver disease and 10 chronic HBV monoinfected patients of similar age to OBI patients were selected. Results Among 114 HCV patients investigated, 11 individuals had occult hepatitis B. The levels of cytokines were heterogeneous between the groups, most of the cytokines showed higher levels of production detection among OBI/HCV individuals when compared to control group and HBV monoinfected pacients. We found a high level of IL-17A in the HBV monoinfected group, high levels of TNF-α, IL-10, IL-6, IL-4 and IL-2 in OBI/HCV patients. Conclusion These cytokines could be involved in the persistence of HBV DNA in hepatocytes triggers a constant immune response, inducing continuous liver inflammation, which can accelerate liver damage and favor the development of liver cirrhosis in other chronic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Rodrigues de Almeida Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365, Brasil Av., Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Alves Araújo de Almeida
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365, Brasil Av., Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
| | | | - Marcia Amendola Pires
- Gaffrée and Guinle Universitary Hospital, Ambulatory of Liver Disease, Rio de Janeiro State Federal University/UniRio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Brandao Mello
- Gaffrée and Guinle Universitary Hospital, Ambulatory of Liver Disease, Rio de Janeiro State Federal University/UniRio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José J Barros
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365, Brasil Av., Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa Salete de Paula
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 4365, Brasil Av., Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
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23
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Dong X, Zeng Y, Zhang Z, Fu J, You L, He Y, Hao Y, Gu Z, Yu Z, Qu C, Yin X, Ni J, Cruz LJ. Hypericin-mediated photodynamic therapy for the treatment of cancer: a review. J Pharm Pharmacol 2020; 73:425-436. [PMID: 33793828 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgaa018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hypericin is a polycyclic aromatic naphthodianthrone that occurs naturally. It is also an active ingredient in some species of the genus Hypericum. Emerging evidence suggests that hypericin has attracted great attention as a potential anticancer drug and exhibits remarkable antiproliferative effect upon irradiation on various tumour cells. This paper aims to summarise the anticancer effect and molecular mechanisms modulated by hypericin-medicated photodynamic therapy and its potential role in the cancer treatment. KEY FINDINGS Hypericin-medicated photodynamic therapy could inhibit the proliferation of various tumour cells including bladder, colon, breast, cervical, glioma, leukaemia, hepatic, melanoma, lymphoma and lung cancers. The effect is primarily mediated by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), JNK, PI3K, CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP)/TRIB3/Akt/mTOR, TRAIL/TRAIL-receptor, c-Met and Ephrin-Eph, the mitochondria and extrinsic signalling pathways. Furthermore, hypericin-medicated photodynamic therapy in conjunction with chemotherapeutic agents or targeted therapies is more effective in inhibiting the growth of tumour cells. SUMMARY During the past few decades, the anticancer properties of photoactivated hypericin have been extensively investigated. Hypericin-medicated photodynamic therapy can modulate a variety of proteins and genes and exhibit a great potential to be used as a therapeutic agent for various types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxv Dong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Radiology, Division of Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yawen Zeng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqin Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Fu
- Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Longtai You
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan He
- Department of Radiology, Division of Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yang Hao
- Department of Radiology, Division of Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Zili Gu
- Department of Radiology, Division of Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Zhenfeng Yu
- Department of Radiology, Division of Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Changhai Qu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xingbin Yin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Ni
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Luis J Cruz
- Department of Radiology, Division of Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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24
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Macejová M, Sačková V, Hradická P, Jendželovský R, Demečková V, Fedoročko P. Combination of photoactive hypericin and Manumycin A exerts multiple anticancer effects on oxaliplatin-resistant colorectal cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 66:104860. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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25
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Zhang J, Gao L, Hu J, Wang C, Hagedoorn PL, Li N, Zhou X. Hypericin: Source, Determination, Separation, and Properties. SEPARATION & PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2020.1797792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Processing, Storage and Transportation of Characterized Agro-Products, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Processing, Storage and Transportation of Characterized Agro-Products, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Processing, Storage and Transportation of Characterized Agro-Products, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chongjun Wang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Processing, Storage and Transportation of Characterized Agro-Products, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peter-Leon Hagedoorn
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ning Li
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Processing, Storage and Transportation of Characterized Agro-Products, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xing Zhou
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, China
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26
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Duangrat R, Udomprasert A, Kangsamaksin T. Tetrahedral DNA nanostructures as drug delivery and bioimaging platforms in cancer therapy. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:3164-3173. [PMID: 32589345 PMCID: PMC7469859 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural DNA nanotechnology enables DNA to be used as nanomaterials for novel nanostructure construction with unprecedented functionalities. Artificial DNA nanostructures can be designed and generated with precisely controlled features, resulting in its utility in bionanotechnological and biomedical applications. A tetrahedral DNA nanostructure (TDN), the most popular DNA nanostructure, with high stability and simple synthesis procedure, is a promising candidate as nanocarriers in drug delivery and bioimaging platforms, particularly in precision medicine as well as diagnosis for cancer therapy. Recent evidence collectively indicated that TDN successfully enhanced cancer therapeutic efficiency both in vitro and in vivo. Here, we summarize the development of TDN and highlight various aspects of TDN applications in cancer therapy based on previous reports, including anticancer drug loading, photodynamic therapy, therapeutic oligonucleotides, bioimaging platforms, and other molecules and discuss a perspective in opportunities and challenges for future TDN‐based nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratchanee Duangrat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anuttara Udomprasert
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand
| | - Thaned Kangsamaksin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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27
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Zou H, Wang F, Zhou JJ, Liu X, He Q, Wang C, Zheng YW, Wen Y, Xiong L. Application of photodynamic therapy for liver malignancies. J Gastrointest Oncol 2020; 11:431-442. [PMID: 32399283 DOI: 10.21037/jgo.2020.02.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver malignancies include primary and metastatic tumors. Limited progress has been achieved in improving the survival rate of patients with advanced stage liver cancer and who are unsuitable for surgery. Apart from surgery, chemoradiotherapy, trans-arterial chemoembolization and radiofrequency ablation, a novel therapeutic modality is needed for the clinical treatment of liver cancer. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a novel strategy for treating patients with advanced cancers; it uses a light-triggered cytotoxic photosensitizer and a laser light. PDT provides patients with a potential treatment approach with minimal invasion and low toxicity, that is, the whole course of treatment is painless, harmless, and repeatable. Therefore, PDT has been considered an effective palliative treatment for advanced liver cancers. To date, PDT has been used to treat hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, hepatoblastoma and liver metastases. Clinical outcomes reveal that PDT can be considered a promising treatment modality for all liver cancers to improve the quality and quantity of life of patients. Despite the advances achieved with this approach, several challenges still impede the application of PDT to liver malignancies. In this review, we focus on the recent advancements and discuss the future prospects of PDT in treating liver malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Fusheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Fuyang People's Hospital, Fuyang 236000, China
| | - Jiang-Jiao Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Qing He
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Yan-Wen Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Yu Wen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Li Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
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28
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Gilson RC, Tang R, Gautam KS, Grabowska D, Achilefu S. Trafficking of a Single Photosensitizing Molecule to Different Intracellular Organelles Demonstrates Effective Hydroxyl Radical-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy in the Endoplasmic Reticulum. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:1451-1458. [PMID: 31009564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is often used in preclinical and clinical treatment regimens. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by photosensitizers (PSs) upon exposure to light induce cell death via diverse mechanisms. PSs can exert therapeutic effects in different cellular organelles, although the efficacy of organelle-specific PDT has yet to be determined as most previous studies use different PSs in different organelles. Here, we explored how a single PS, chlorin e6 (Ce6), targeted to different organelles altered the effectiveness of PDT. Ce6 intrinsically localizes to the ER after 4 h of incubation. Modification of Ce6 via conjugation with an octapeptide (LS765), a monosubstituted triphenylphosphonium (TPP) derivative (LS897), or a disubstituted TPP derivative (LS909) altered the intrinsic localization. We determined that LS765 and LS9897 predominantly accumulated in the lysosomes, but LS909 trafficked equally to both the mitochondria and the lysosomes. Moreover, the conjugation altered the type of ROS produced by Ce6, increasing the ratio of hydrogen peroxide to hydroxyl radicals. Irradiation of identical concentrations of the PSs in solution with 650 nm, 0.84 mW/cm2 light for 10 min showed that the TPP conjugates nearly doubled the hydrogen peroxide production from ∼0.2 μM for Ce6 and LS765 to ∼0.37 μM for LS897 and LS909. In contrast, Ce6 produced ∼1.5-fold higher hydroxyl radicals than its conjugates. To compare the effect of each PS on cell death, we normalized the intracellular concentration of each PS. Hydrogen peroxide-producing PSs are effective PDT agents in the lysosomes while the hydroxyl-generating PSs are very effective in the ER. Compared to the PSs that accumulated in the lysosomes, only the ER-targeted Ce6 exerted >50% cell death at either low light power or low intracellular concentration. By delineating the contributions of cellular organelles and types of ROS produced, our work suggests that targeting hydroxyl radical-producing PSs to the ER is an exciting strategy to improve the therapeutic outcome of PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca C Gilson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , Washington University in St. Louis , One Brookings Drive , St. Louis, Missouri 63130 , United States.,Department of Radiology , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , Missouri 63110 , United States
| | - Rui Tang
- Department of Radiology , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , Missouri 63110 , United States
| | - Krishna Sharmah Gautam
- Department of Radiology , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , Missouri 63110 , United States
| | - Dorota Grabowska
- Department of Radiology , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , Missouri 63110 , United States
| | - Samuel Achilefu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , Washington University in St. Louis , One Brookings Drive , St. Louis, Missouri 63130 , United States.,Department of Radiology , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , Missouri 63110 , United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics , Washington University School of Medicine , 660 South Euclid Avenue , St. Louis , Missouri 63110 , United States
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29
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Sakita KM, Conrado PCV, Faria DR, Arita GS, Capoci IRG, Rodrigues-Vendramini FAV, Pieralisi N, Cesar GB, Gonçalves RS, Caetano W, Hioka N, Kioshima ES, Svidzinski TIE, Bonfim-Mendonça PS. Copolymeric micelles as efficient inert nanocarrier for hypericin in the photodynamic inactivation of Candida species. Future Microbiol 2019; 14:519-531. [DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2018-0304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of photodynamic inactivation (PDI) mediated by hypericin encapsulated in P-123 copolymeric micelles (P123-Hyp) alone and in combination with fluconazole (FLU) against planktonic cells and biofilm formation of Candida species Materials & methods: PDI was performed using P123-Hyp and an LED device with irradiance of 3.0 mW/cm2 . Results: Most of isolates (70%) were completely inhibited with concentrations up to 2.0 μmol/l of HYP and light fluence of 16.2 J/cm2. FLU-resistant strains had synergic effect with P123-HYP-PDI and FLU. The biofilm formation was inhibited in all species, in additional the changes in Candida morphology observed by scanning electron microscopy. Conclusion: P123-Hyp-PDI is a promising option to treat fungal infections and medical devices to prevent biofilm formation and fungal spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina M Sakita
- Department of Analysis Clinics & Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Pollyanna CV Conrado
- Department of Analysis Clinics & Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Daniella R Faria
- Department of Analysis Clinics & Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Glaucia S Arita
- Department of Analysis Clinics & Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Isis RG Capoci
- Department of Analysis Clinics & Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Neli Pieralisi
- Department of Odontology, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Gabriel B Cesar
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Wilker Caetano
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Noboru Hioka
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Erika S Kioshima
- Department of Analysis Clinics & Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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30
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Carina V, Costa V, Sartori M, Bellavia D, De Luca A, Raimondi L, Fini M, Giavaresi G. Adjuvant Biophysical Therapies in Osteosarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11030348. [PMID: 30871044 PMCID: PMC6468347 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11030348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary bone sarcoma, manifesting as osteogenesis by malignant cells. Nowadays, patients’ quality of life has been improved, however continuing high rates of limb amputation, pulmonary metastasis and drug toxicity, remain unresolved issues. Thus, effective osteosarcoma therapies are still required. Recently, the potentialities of biophysical treatments in osteosarcoma have been evaluated and seem to offer a promising future, thanks in this field as they are less invasive. Several approaches have been investigated such as hyperthermia (HT), high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) and sono- and photodynamic therapies (SDT, PDT). This review aims to summarize in vitro and in vivo studies and clinical trials employing biophysical stimuli in osteosarcoma treatment. The findings underscore how the technological development of biophysical therapies might represent an adjuvant role and, in some cases, alternative role to the surgery, radio and chemotherapy treatment of OS. Among them, the most promising are HIFU and HT, which are already employed in OS patient treatment, while LIPUS/SDT and PDT seem to be particularly interesting for their low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Carina
- IRCCS-Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via Di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Viviana Costa
- IRCCS-Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via Di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Maria Sartori
- IRCCS-Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via Di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Daniele Bellavia
- IRCCS-Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via Di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Angela De Luca
- IRCCS-Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via Di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Lavinia Raimondi
- IRCCS-Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via Di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Milena Fini
- IRCCS-Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via Di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Giavaresi
- IRCCS-Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via Di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
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31
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Han C, Zhang C, Ma T, Zhang C, Luo J, Xu X, Zhao H, Chen Y, Kong L. Hypericin-functionalized graphene oxide for enhanced mitochondria-targeting and synergistic anticancer effect. Acta Biomater 2018; 77:268-281. [PMID: 30006311 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Effective targeting of mitochondria has emerged as a beneficial strategy in cancer therapy. However, the development of mitochondria-targeting ligands is difficult because of the low permeability of the mitochondrial double membrane. We found that hypericin (HY), a natural product isolated from Hypericum perforatum L., is an effective mitochondria-targeting ligand. HY-functionalized graphene oxide (GO) loaded with doxorubicin (GO-PEG-SS-HY/DOX) increased the synergistic anticancer efficacy of phototherapy and chemotherapy in the absence of apparent adverse side effects. In vitro and in vivo assays suggested GO-PEG-SS-HY/DOX induced the expression of the key proteins of the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway and caused apoptosis of breast carcinoma cells. In addition, GO vehicle exhibited low toxicity toward normal cells, indicating high safety of functionalized GO preparations in antitumor therapy. Therefore, HY-functionalized GO can be successfully used as a platform technology to target mitochondria in cancer cells and improve the therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Induction of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis is a promising approach in cancer therapy. However, mitochondria are difficult to access and permeate because of their negative membrane potential and highly dense double membrane. Mitochondria-targeting ligands can be conjugated to nanoparticles or small-molecule drugs to enhance their antitumor effect. Here, we showed that the natural photosensitizer hypericin is a novel mitochondria-targeting ligand and that graphene oxide particles co-loaded with hypericin and the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin exhibited a synergistic antitumor effect mediated by the mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis. Treatment with such particles in combination with laser irradiation led to apoptosis of the tumor MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, treatment with hypericin/doxorubicin-functionalized graphene oxide had low cellular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Han
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Can Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center of Drug Discovery and Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Ting Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Jianguang Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Huijun Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yan Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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32
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Kim H, Kim SW, Seok KH, Hwang CW, Ahn JC, Jin JO, Kang HW. Hypericin-assisted photodynamic therapy against anaplastic thyroid cancer. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 24:15-21. [PMID: 30118906 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypericin (HYP) extracted from St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) is a natural photosensitizer in clinical photodynamic therapy (PDT). PDT is one of the powerful methods for cancer treatments because of its excellent tumoritropic characteristics and photosensitizing properties. However, limited reports on the efficacy of PDT on anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) have been published. Especially HYP-associated PDT has not been investigated in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we evaluated the effect of HYP for PDT against FRO ATC cells. METHODS The activities of HYP-assisted PDT were investigated in ATC cells. The ATC FRO cells were treated with a combination of HYP dose and laser power. The viability of FRO cells was measured by MTT assay, and Trypan blue staining was performed to monitor cell death. Detection reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential after HYP-assisted PDT were analyzed by confocal microscopy. For in vivo study, FRO cells were injected into nude mice. After intravenous injection of HYP, Laser was irradiated and nude mice were monitored in Day 4, 7, 14. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The rate of FRO cell death was increased by applying HYP dose and laser power dependent. Moreover, HYP and laser irradiation induced FRO cell death was mediated by the intracellular ROS generation and mitochondrial damage. Finally, the HYP-assisted PDT eliminated FRO cell tumor from the mouse in vivo. These data demonstrate that HYP could be an effective photosensitizer for human ATC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejin Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program of Marine-Bio, Electrical & Mechanical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Won Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Hyuk Seok
- Department of Biochemistry, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Woo Hwang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Chul Ahn
- Department of Bio-Medical Science and Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Wook Kang
- Interdisciplinary Program of Marine-Bio, Electrical & Mechanical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK 21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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33
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Mfouo-Tynga I, Houreld NN, Abrahamse H. Evaluation of cell damage induced by irradiated Zinc-Phthalocyanine-gold dendrimeric nanoparticles in a breast cancer cell line. Biomed J 2018; 41:254-264. [PMID: 30348269 PMCID: PMC6198017 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a non-communicable disease that occurs following a mutation in the genes which control cell growth. Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer among South African women and a major cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an alternative cancer therapy that uses photochemotherapeutic agents, known as photosensitizers. Drug-delivery nanoparticles are commonly used in nanomedicine to enhance drug-therapeutic efficiency. This study evaluated the photodynamic effects following treatment with 0.3 μM multiple particles delivery complex (MPDC) and irradiated with a laser fluence of 10 J/cm2 using a 680 nm diode laser in a breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). METHODS Cell damage was assessed by inverted light microscopy for cell morphology; the Apoptox-Glo triple assay was used for cell viability, caspase activity and identification of cytodamage markers; flow cytometric analysis for cell death pathways and mitochondrial membrane potential; the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for cytochrome C release; and real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) array for gene expression. RESULTS Laser activated-MPDC induced a significant change in morphology of PDT-treated cells, with the appearance of apoptotic like morphological features. An increase in cytotoxicity, caspase activity, cell depolarization and cytochrome C release were identified in PDT-treated cells. Finally, the upregulation of BAX, BCL-2, CASP-2 and ULK-1 genes was observed. CONCLUSION The MPDC yielded a successful and stable hybrid agent with potent photodynamic abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Mfouo-Tynga
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Nicolette Nadene Houreld
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Heidi Abrahamse
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.
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Silva AP, Neves CL, Silva EDA, Portela TCL, Iunes RS, Cogliati B, Severino D, Baptista MDS, Dagli MLZ, Blazquez FJH, Silva JRMCD. Effects of methylene blue-mediated photodynamic therapy on a mouse model of squamous cell carcinoma and normal skin. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 23:154-164. [PMID: 29908976 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photodynamic therapy is used to treat a variety of cancers and skin diseases by inducing apoptosis, necrosis, immune system activation, and/or vascular damage. Here, we describe the effects of a single photodynamic therapy session using methylene blue on a mouse model of squamous cell carcinoma and normal skin. METHODS The photodynamic therapy protocol comprised application of a 1% methylene blue solution, followed by irradiation with a diode laser for 15 min at 74 mW/cm2, for a total dose of 100 J/cm2. Morphological changes, cell proliferation, apoptosis, collagen quantity, immune system activity, and blood vessel number were analyzed 24 h and 15 days after photodynamic therapy. RESULTS In the squamous cell carcinoma group, photodynamic therapy reduced tumor size and cell proliferation and raised cytokine levels. In normal skin, it decreased cell proliferation and collagen quantity and increased apoptosis and blood vessel numbers. CONCLUSIONS The effects of photodynamic therapy were greater on normal skin than squamous cell carcinoma tissues. The reduced epithelial thickness and keratinization of the former are factors that contribute to the efficacy of this treatment. Adjustments to the treatment protocol are necessary to potentiate the effects for squamous cell carcinoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Silva
- Department of Cell Biology and Development, Biomedical Science Institute, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, Cidade Universitária, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Camila Lima Neves
- Department of Cell Biology and Development, Biomedical Science Institute, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, Cidade Universitária, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Elizangela Dos Anjos Silva
- Departament of Medicine, Federal University of Pampa, BR 472, Km 585, CEP 97501 970, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Tânia Cristina Lima Portela
- Department of Cell Biology and Development, Biomedical Science Institute, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, Cidade Universitária, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata Stecca Iunes
- Department of Cell Biology and Development, Biomedical Science Institute, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, Cidade Universitária, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Cogliati
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, Cidade Universitária, CEP 05508 270, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Divinomar Severino
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemical Institute, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, Cidade Universitária, CEP 05513-970, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maurício da Silva Baptista
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemical Institute, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, Cidade Universitária, CEP 05513-970, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Lúcia Zaidan Dagli
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, Cidade Universitária, CEP 05508 270, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco Javier Hernandez Blazquez
- Department of Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, Cidade Universitária, CEP 05508 270, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Machado Cunha da Silva
- Department of Cell Biology and Development, Biomedical Science Institute, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, Cidade Universitária, CEP 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Yu W, Zhu J, Wang Y, Wang J, Fang W, Xia K, Shao J, Wu M, Liu B, Liang C, Ye C, Tao H. A review and outlook in the treatment of osteosarcoma and other deep tumors with photodynamic therapy: from basic to deep. Oncotarget 2018; 8:39833-39848. [PMID: 28418855 PMCID: PMC5503657 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy, one of the most promising minimally invasive treatments, has received increasing focus in tumor therapy research, which has been widely applied in treating superficial tumors. Three basic factors - photosensitizer, the light source, and oxidative stress - are responsible for tumor cell cytotoxicity. However, due to insufficient luminous flux and peripheral tissue damage, the utilization of photodynamic therapy is facing a huge limitation in deep tumor therapy. Osteosarcoma is the typical deep tumor, which is the most commonly occurring malignancy in children and adolescents. Despite developments in surgery, high risks of the amputation still threatens the health of osteosarcoma patients. In this review, we summarize recent developments in the field of photodynamic therapy and specifically PDT research in OS treatment modalities. In addition, we also provide some novel suggestions, which could potentially be a breakthrough in PDT-induced OS therapies. PDT has the potential to become an effective therapy while the its limitations still present when applied on the treatment of OS or other types of deep tumors. Thus, more researches and studies in the field are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yitian Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Weijing Fang
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Kaishun Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jianlin Shao
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Minzu Wu
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Chengzhen Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Chengyi Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Huimin Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
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Kusuzaki K, Matsubara T, Murata H, Logozzi M, Iessi E, Di Raimo R, Carta F, Supuran CT, Fais S. Natural extracellular nanovesicles and photodynamic molecules: is there a future for drug delivery? J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2017; 32:908-916. [PMID: 28708430 PMCID: PMC6010042 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2017.1335310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic molecules represent an alternative approach for cancer therapy for their property (i) to be photo-reactive; (ii) to be not-toxic for target cells in absence of light; (iii) to accumulate specifically into tumour tissues; (iv) to be activable by a light beam only at the tumour site and (v) to exert cytotoxic activity against tumour cells. However, to date their clinical use is limited by the side effects elicited by systemic administration. Extracellular vesicles are endogenous nanosized-carriers that have been recently introduced as a natural delivery system for therapeutic molecules. We have recently shown the ability of human exosomes to deliver photodynamic molecules. Therefore, this review focussed on extracellular vesicles as a novel strategy for the delivery of photodynamic molecules at cancer sites. This completely new approach may enhance the delivery and decrease the toxicity of photodynamic molecules, therefore, represent the future for photodynamic therapy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Takao Matsubara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of MedicineTsuMieJapan
| | - Hiroaki Murata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Matsushita Memorial HospitalOsakaJapan
| | - Mariantonia Logozzi
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, National Institute of HealthRomeItaly
| | - Elisabetta Iessi
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, National Institute of HealthRomeItaly
| | - Rossella Di Raimo
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, National Institute of HealthRomeItaly
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di ScienzeFarmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di FirenzeSesto Fiorentino, FlorenceItaly
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di ScienzeFarmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di FirenzeSesto Fiorentino, FlorenceItaly
| | - Stefano Fais
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, National Institute of HealthRomeItaly
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A mass spectrometry-based strategy combined with bioinformatics: A simple preclinical model for profiling valproic-acid-induced major proteins and modifications in human liver cells. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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38
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Mühleisen L, Alev M, Unterweger H, Subatzus D, Pöttler M, Friedrich RP, Alexiou C, Janko C. Analysis of Hypericin-Mediated Effects and Implications for Targeted Photodynamic Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1388. [PMID: 28661430 PMCID: PMC5535881 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The phototoxic effect of hypericin can be utilized for Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) of cancer. After intravenous application and systemic distribution of the drug in the patient's body, the tumor site is exposed to light. Subsequently, toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated, inducing tumor cell death. To prevent unwanted activation of the drug in other regions of the body, patients have to avoid light during and after the treatment cycles, consequently impairing quality of life. Here, we characterize toxicity and hypericin-mediated effects on cancer cells in vitro and confirm that its effect clearly depends on concentration and illumination time. To reduce side effects and to increase therapy success, selective accumulation of hypericin in the tumor region is a promising solution. Loading hypericin on superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) and guiding them to the desired place using an external magnetic field might accomplish this task (referred to as Magnetic Drug Targeting (MDT)). Thus, using a double targeting strategy, namely magnetic accumulation and laser induced photoactivation, might improve treatment effectivity as well as specificity and reduce toxic side effects in future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mühleisen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Magdalena Alev
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Harald Unterweger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Daniel Subatzus
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Marina Pöttler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Ralf P Friedrich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Christoph Alexiou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Christina Janko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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40
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Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a worldwide health problem, with approximately one third of populations have been infected, among which 3-5% of adults and more than 90% of children developed to chronic HBV infection. Host immune factors play essential roles in the outcome of HBV infection. Thus, ineffective immune response against HBV may result in persistent virus replications and liver necroinflammations, then lead to chronic HBV infection, liver cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Cytokine balance was shown to be an important immune characteristic in the development and progression of hepatitis B, as well as in an effective antiviral immunity. Large numbers of cytokines are not only involved in the initiation and regulation of immune responses but also contributing directly or indirectly to the inhibition of virus replication. Besides, cytokines initiate downstream signaling pathway activities by binding to specific receptors expressed on the target cells and play important roles in the responses against viral infections and, therefore, might affect susceptibility to HBV and/or the natural course of the infection. Since cytokines are the primary causes of inflammation and mediates liver injury after HBV infection, we have discussed recent advances on the roles of various cytokines [including T helper type 1 cells (Th1), Th2, Th17, regulatory T cells (Treg)-related cytokines] in different phases of HBV infection and cytokine-related mechanisms for impaired viral control and liver damage during HBV infection. We then focus on experimental therapeutic applications of cytokines to gain a better understanding of this newly emerging aspect of disease pathogenesis.
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41
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Saha S, Sadhukhan P, Sil PC. Mangiferin: A xanthonoid with multipotent anti-inflammatory potential. Biofactors 2016; 42:459-474. [PMID: 27219011 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Over the last era, small molecules sourced from different plants have gained attention for their varied and long-term medicinal benefits. Their advantageous therapeutic effects in diverse pathological complications lead researchers to give an ever-increasing emphasis on them and discover their novel therapeutic potentials. Among these, the heat stable, xanthonoid group of organic molecules has gained special importance with distinctive regards to the bioactive molecule mangiferin due to its solubility in water. Mangiferin, a yellow polyphenol having C-glycosyl xanthone structure, is widely present in different edible sources like mango, and possesses numerous biological activities. Extensive research with this molecule shows its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anticancer, antimicrobial, analgesic, and immunomodulatory properties. Thus, it provides protection against a wide range of physiological disorders. The C-glucosyl linkage and polyhydroxy groups in mangiferin's structure contribute essentially to its free radical-scavenging activity. Moreover, its ability in regulating various transcription factors like NF-κB, Nrf-2, etc. and modulating the expression of different proinflammatory signaling intermediates like tumor necrosis factor-α, COX-2, etc. contribute to its anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antidiabetic potentials. In this comprehensive article, information has been provided about the sources, chemical structure, metabolism, and different biological activities of mangiferin with special emphasis on the underlying cellular signal transduction pathways. Insights into an in-depth assessment of mangiferin's anti-inflammatory therapeutic potential have also been discussed in detail. On an overall perspective, this review aims to stage mangiferin's diversified therapeutic applications and its emerging possibility as a promising drug in future based on its anti-inflammatory property. © 2016 BioFactors, 42(5):459-474, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Saha
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Parames C Sil
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India.
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42
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Yang Y, Hu Y, Wang H. Targeting Antitumor Immune Response for Enhancing the Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:5274084. [PMID: 27672421 PMCID: PMC5031843 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5274084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment, which can destroy local tumor cells and induce systemic antitumor immune response, whereas, focusing on improving direct cytotoxicity to tumor cells treated by PDT, there is growing interest in developing approaches to further explore the immune stimulatory properties of PDT. In this review we summarize the current knowledge of the innate and adaptive immune responses induced by PDT against tumors, providing evidence showing PDT facilitated-antitumor immunity. Various immunotherapeutic approaches on different cells are reviewed for their effectiveness in improving the treatment efficiency in concert with PDT. Future perspectives are discussed for further enhancing PDT efficiency via intracellular targetable drug delivery as well as optimized experimental model development associated with the study of antitumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 169 Sheng Tai West Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211106, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, 120 Riley Robb, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Castle Point on Hudson, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
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Calixto GMF, Bernegossi J, de Freitas LM, Fontana CR, Chorilli M. Nanotechnology-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer: A Review. Molecules 2016; 21:342. [PMID: 26978341 PMCID: PMC6274468 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21030342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 298] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising alternative approach for improved cancer treatment. In PDT, a photosensitizer (PS) is administered that can be activated by light of a specific wavelength, which causes selective damage to the tumor and its surrounding vasculature. The success of PDT is limited by the difficulty in administering photosensitizers (PSs) with low water solubility, which compromises the clinical use of several molecules. Incorporation of PSs in nanostructured drug delivery systems, such as polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs), solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), hydrogels, liposomes, liquid crystals, dendrimers, and cyclodextrin is a potential strategy to overcome this difficulty. Additionally, nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems may improve the transcytosis of a PS across epithelial and endothelial barriers and afford the simultaneous co-delivery of two or more drugs. Based on this, the application of nanotechnology in medicine may offer numerous exciting possibilities in cancer treatment and improve the efficacy of available therapeutics. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to review nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems for photodynamic therapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovana Maria Fioramonti Calixto
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, UNESP-Univ. Estadual Paulista, Campus Araraquara, Departamento de Fármacos e Medicamentos, Araraquara 14800-903 SP, Brazil.
| | - Jéssica Bernegossi
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, UNESP-Univ. Estadual Paulista, Campus Araraquara, Departamento de Fármacos e Medicamentos, Araraquara 14800-903 SP, Brazil.
| | - Laura Marise de Freitas
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, UNESP-Univ. Estadual Paulista, Campus Araraquara, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Araraquara 14800-903 SP, Brazil.
| | - Carla Raquel Fontana
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, UNESP-Univ. Estadual Paulista, Campus Araraquara, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Araraquara 14800-903 SP, Brazil.
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, UNESP-Univ. Estadual Paulista, Campus Araraquara, Departamento de Fármacos e Medicamentos, Araraquara 14800-903 SP, Brazil.
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KILIÇ SÜLOĞLU A, KARACAOĞLU E, SELMANOĞLU G, AKEL H, KARAASLAN İÇ. Evaluation of apoptotic cell death mechanisms induced by hypericin-mediated photodynamic therapy in colon cancer cells. Turk J Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.3906/biy-1504-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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45
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Zhang Q, Li ZH, Li YY, Shi SJ, Zhou SW, Fu YY, Zhang Q, Yang X, Fu RQ, Lu LC. Hypericin-photodynamic therapy induces human umbilical vein endothelial cell apoptosis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18398. [PMID: 26673286 PMCID: PMC4682094 DOI: 10.1038/srep18398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The conventional photosensitizers used in photodynamic therapy (PDT), such as haematoporphyrin (HP), have not yet reached satisfactory therapeutic effects on port-wine stains (PWSs), due largely to the long-term dark toxicity. Previously we have showed that hypericin exhibited potent photocytotoxic effects on Roman chicken cockscomb model of PWSs. However, the molecular mechanism of hypericin-mediated photocytotoxicity remains unclear. In this study, we employed human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to investigate the hypericin-photolytic mechanism. Our study showed that hypericin-PDT induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in cell killings and an activation of the inflammatory response. Importantly, we have also discovered that photoactivated hypericin induced apoptosis by activating the mitochondrial caspase pathway and inhibiting the activation of the vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A)-mediated PI3K/Akt pathway. Notably, we found that hypericin exhibited a more potent photocytotoxic effect than HP, and largely addressed the inconvenience issue associated with the use of HP. Thereby, hypericin may be a better alternative to HP in treating PWSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo-heng Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-yuan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, P. R. China
| | - San-jun Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, P. R. China
| | - Shi-wen Zhou
- Office of Clinical Pharmacological Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-yuan Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, P. R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, P. R. China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, P. R. China
| | - Ruo-qiu Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, P. R. China
| | - Lai-chun Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, P. R. China
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Karaarslan S, Cokmert S, Cokmez A. Does St. John’s Wort cause regression in gastrointestinal system adenocarcinomas? World J Gastrointest Oncol 2015; 7:369-374. [PMID: 26600937 PMCID: PMC4644860 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v7.i11.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
St. John’s Wort (SJW) is an old herb which has long been consumed widely for its anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and anti-depressive properties. Here we present a detailed clinical evaluation of three cases (two colon and one duodenal adenocarcinoma) with remarkable and intensive lymphoplasmocytic host reaction, at the basal part of tumor, intensive fibrosis, giant cells, plasma cell increase in lymph nodes and few giant cells in germinal centers in resection specimens. The observation of similar host reaction in those tumors having otherwise usual appearance was interesting. None of the cases received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy or additional treatment before surgery but only SJW. These cases are presented to increase the awareness about such cases. Further research is needed to reveal the possible effect of SJW, which has long been consumed for different treatment purposes, on human tumors.
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Unterweger H, Subatzus D, Tietze R, Janko C, Poettler M, Stiegelschmitt A, Schuster M, Maake C, Boccaccini AR, Alexiou C. Hypericin-bearing magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for selective drug delivery in photodynamic therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:6985-96. [PMID: 26648714 PMCID: PMC4648594 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s92336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Combining the concept of magnetic drug targeting and photodynamic therapy is a promising approach for the treatment of cancer. A high selectivity as well as significant fewer side effects can be achieved by this method, since the therapeutic treatment only takes place in the area where accumulation of the particles by an external electromagnet and radiation by a laser system overlap. In this article, a novel hypericin-bearing drug delivery system has been developed by synthesis of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) with a hypericin-linked functionalized dextran coating. For that, sterically stabilized dextran-coated SPIONs were produced by coprecipitation and crosslinking with epichlorohydrin to enhance stability. Carboxymethylation of the dextran shell provided a functionalized platform for linking hypericin via glutaraldehyde. Particle sizes obtained by dynamic light scattering were in a range of 55-85 nm, whereas investigation of single magnetite or maghemite particle diameter was performed by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction and resulted in approximately 4.5-5.0 nm. Surface chemistry of those particles was evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and ζ potential measurements, indicating successful functionalization and dispersal stabilization due to a mixture of steric and electrostatic repulsion. Flow cytometry revealed no toxicity of pure nanoparticles as well as hypericin without exposure to light on Jurkat T-cells, whereas the combination of hypericin, alone or loaded on particles, with light-induced cell death in a concentration and exposure time-dependent manner due to the generation of reactive oxygen species. In conclusion, the combination of SPIONs' targeting abilities with hypericin's phototoxic properties represents a promising approach for merging magnetic drug targeting with photodynamic therapy for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Unterweger
- ENT Department, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniel Subatzus
- ENT Department, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rainer Tietze
- ENT Department, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christina Janko
- ENT Department, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marina Poettler
- ENT Department, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alfons Stiegelschmitt
- Institute of Glass and Ceramics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias Schuster
- Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Caroline Maake
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Alexiou
- ENT Department, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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Kuchárová B, Mikeš J, Jendželovský R, Vargová J, Mikešová L, Jendželovská Z, Kovaľ J, Fedoročko P. Potentiation of hypericin-mediated photodynamic therapy cytotoxicity by MK-886: Focus on ABC transporters, GDF-15 and redox status. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2015; 12:490-503. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Popovic A, Wiggins T, Davids LM. Differential susceptibility of primary cultured human skin cells to hypericin PDT in an in vitro model. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2015; 149:249-56. [PMID: 26114219 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Skin cancer is the most common cancer worldwide, and its incidence rate in South Africa is increasing. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been shown to be an effective treatment modality, through topical administration, for treatment of non-melanoma skin cancers. Our group investigates hypericin-induced PDT (HYP-PDT) for the treatment of both non-melanoma and melanoma skin cancers. However, a prerequisite for effective cancer treatments is efficient and selective targeting of the tumoral cells with minimal collateral damage to the surrounding normal cells, as it is well established that cancer therapies have bystander effects on normal cells in the body, often causing undesirable side effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the cellular and molecular effects of HYP-PDT on normal primary human keratinocytes (Kc), melanocytes (Mc) and fibroblasts (Fb) in an in vitro tissue culture model which represented both the epidermal and dermal cellular compartments of human skin. Cell viability analysis revealed a differential cytotoxic response to a range of HYP-PDT doses in all the human skin cell types, showing that Fb (LD50=1.75μM) were the most susceptible to HYP-PDT, followed by Mc (LD50=3.5μM) and Kc (LD50>4μM HYP-PDT) These results correlated with the morphological analysis which displayed distinct morphological changes in Fb and Mc, 24h post treatment with non-lethal (1μM) and lethal (3μM) doses of HYP-PDT, but the highest HYP-PDT doses had no effect on Kc morphology. Fluorescent microscopy displayed cytoplasmic localization of HYP in all the 3 skin cell types and additionally, HYP was excluded from the nuclei in all the cell types. Intracellular ROS levels measured in Fb at 3μM HYP-PDT, displayed a significant 3.8 fold (p<0.05) increase in ROS, but no significant difference in ROS levels occurred in Mc or Kc. Furthermore, 64% (p<0.005) early apoptotic Fb and 20% (p<0.05) early apoptotic Mc were evident; using fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS), 24h post 3μM HYP-PDT. These results depict a differential response to HYP-PDT by different human skin cells thus highlighting the efficacy and indeed, the potential bystander effect of if administered in vivo. This study contributes toward our knowledge of the cellular response of the epidermis to photodynamic therapies and will possibly enhance the efficacy of future photobiological treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Popovic
- Redox Laboratory, Dept Human Biology, Rm 6.02.2, Level 6, Anatomy Bldg, University of Cape Town Medical School, Anzio Rd, Observatory 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - T Wiggins
- Redox Laboratory, Dept Human Biology, Rm 6.02.2, Level 6, Anatomy Bldg, University of Cape Town Medical School, Anzio Rd, Observatory 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - L M Davids
- Redox Laboratory, Dept Human Biology, Rm 6.02.2, Level 6, Anatomy Bldg, University of Cape Town Medical School, Anzio Rd, Observatory 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
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Reinhard A, Sandborn WJ, Melhem H, Bolotine L, Chamaillard M, Peyrin-Biroulet L. Photodynamic therapy as a new treatment modality for inflammatory and infectious conditions. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2015; 11:637-57. [DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2015.1032256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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