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Kado T, Tomimaru Y, Kobayashi S, Harada A, Sasaki K, Iwagami Y, Yamada D, Noda T, Takahashi H, Kita S, Shimomura I, Miyagawa S, Doki Y, Eguchi H. Skeletal Myoblast Cells Enhance the Function of Transplanted Islets in Diabetic Mice. J Diabetes Res 2024; 2024:5574968. [PMID: 38800586 PMCID: PMC11126349 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5574968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Islet transplantation (ITx) is an established and safe alternative to pancreas transplantation for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients. However, most ITx recipients lose insulin independence by 3 years after ITx due to early graft loss, such that multiple donors are required to achieve insulin independence. In the present study, we investigated whether skeletal myoblast cells could be beneficial for promoting angiogenesis and maintaining the differentiated phenotypes of islets. In vitro experiments showed that the myoblast cells secreted angiogenesis-related cytokines (vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and stromal-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α)), contributed to maintenance of differentiated islet phenotypes, and enhanced islet cell insulin secretion capacity. To verify these findings in vivo, we transplanted islets alone or with myoblast cells under the kidney capsule of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Compared with islets alone, the group bearing islets with myoblast cells had a significantly lower average blood glucose level. Histological examination revealed that transplants with islets plus myoblast cells were associated with a significantly larger insulin-positive area and significantly higher number of CD31-positive microvessels compared to islets alone. Furthermore, islets cotransplanted with myoblast cells showed JAK-STAT signaling activation. Our results suggest two possible mechanisms underlying enhancement of islet graft function with myoblast cells cotransplantation: "indirect effects" mediated by angiogenesis and "direct effects" of myoblast cells on islets via the JAK-STAT cascade. Overall, these findings suggest that skeletal myoblast cells enhance the function of transplanted islets, implying clinical potential for a novel ITx procedure involving myoblast cells for patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kado
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshito Tomimaru
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shogo Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akima Harada
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sasaki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Iwagami
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisaku Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takehiro Noda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidenori Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shunbun Kita
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Adipose Management, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Iichiro Shimomura
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeru Miyagawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Hou X, Chen Y, Zhou B, Tang W, Ding Z, Chen L, Wu Y, Yang H, Du C, Yang D, Ma G, Cao H. Talin-1 inhibits Smurf1-mediated Stat3 degradation to modulate β-cell proliferation and mass in mice. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:709. [PMID: 37903776 PMCID: PMC10616178 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06235-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Insufficient pancreatic β-cell mass and reduced insulin expression are key events in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM). Here we demonstrate the high expression of Talin-1 in β-cells and that deficiency of Talin-1 reduces β-cell proliferation, which leads to reduced β-cell mass and insulin expression, thus causing glucose intolerance without affecting peripheral insulin sensitivity in mice. High-fat diet fed exerbates these phenotypes. Mechanistically, Talin-1 interacts with the E3 ligase smad ubiquitination regulatory factor 1 (Smurf1), which prohibits ubiquitination of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) mediated by Smurf1, and ablation of Talin-1 enhances Smurf1-mediated ubiquitination of Stat3, leading to decreased β-cell proliferation and mass. Furthermore, haploinsufficiency of Talin-1 and Stat3 genes, but not that of either gene, in β-cell in mice significantly impairs glucose tolerance and insulin expression, indicating that both factors indeed function in the same genetic pathway. Finally, inducible deletion Talin-1 in β-cell causes glucose intolerance in adult mice. Collectively, our findings reveal that Talin-1 functions as a crucial regulator of β-cell mass, and highlight its potential as a therapeutic target for DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Hou
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yangshan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wanze Tang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhen Ding
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Litong Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital; Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty; Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment; The Institute of Stomatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University; The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongyu Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital; Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty; Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment; The Institute of Stomatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University; The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Guangdong, China
| | - Changzheng Du
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Dazhi Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Guixing Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Huiling Cao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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3
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Zhu H, Wang G, Nguyen-Ngoc KV, Kim D, Miller M, Goss G, Kovsky J, Harrington AR, Saunders DC, Hopkirk AL, Melton R, Powers AC, Preissl S, Spagnoli FM, Gaulton KJ, Sander M. Understanding cell fate acquisition in stem-cell-derived pancreatic islets using single-cell multiome-inferred regulomes. Dev Cell 2023; 58:727-743.e11. [PMID: 37040771 PMCID: PMC10175223 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic islet cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells hold great promise for modeling and treating diabetes. Differences between stem-cell-derived and primary islets remain, but molecular insights to inform improvements are limited. Here, we acquire single-cell transcriptomes and accessible chromatin profiles during in vitro islet differentiation and pancreas from childhood and adult donors for comparison. We delineate major cell types, define their regulomes, and describe spatiotemporal gene regulatory relationships between transcription factors. CDX2 emerged as a regulator of enterochromaffin-like cells, which we show resemble a transient, previously unrecognized, serotonin-producing pre-β cell population in fetal pancreas, arguing against a proposed non-pancreatic origin. Furthermore, we observe insufficient activation of signal-dependent transcriptional programs during in vitro β cell maturation and identify sex hormones as drivers of β cell proliferation in childhood. Altogether, our analysis provides a comprehensive understanding of cell fate acquisition in stem-cell-derived islets and a framework for manipulating cell identities and maturity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0653, USA; Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gaowei Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0653, USA; Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kim-Vy Nguyen-Ngoc
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0653, USA; Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dongsu Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0653, USA; Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael Miller
- Center for Epigenomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Georgina Goss
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Jenna Kovsky
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0653, USA; Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Austin R Harrington
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0653, USA; Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Diane C Saunders
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-0475, USA
| | - Alexander L Hopkirk
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-0475, USA
| | - Rebecca Melton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0653, USA; Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alvin C Powers
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-0475, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-0615, USA; VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212-2637, USA
| | - Sebastian Preissl
- Center for Epigenomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Francesca M Spagnoli
- Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Kyle J Gaulton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0653, USA; Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Maike Sander
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0653, USA; Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Okita T, Kita S, Fukuda S, Fukuoka K, Kawada-Horitani E, Iioka M, Nakamura Y, Fujishima Y, Nishizawa H, Kawamori D, Matsuoka TA, Norikazu M, Shimomura I. Soluble T-cadherin promotes pancreatic β-cell proliferation by upregulating Notch signaling. iScience 2022; 25:105404. [DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Secco B, Saitoski K, Drareni K, Soprani A, Pechberty S, Rachdi L, Venteclef N, Scharfmann R. Loss of Human Beta Cell Identity in a Reconstructed Omental Stromal Cell Environment. Cells 2022; 11:cells11060924. [PMID: 35326375 PMCID: PMC8946101 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In human type 2 diabetes, adipose tissue plays an important role in disturbing glucose homeostasis by secreting factors that affect the function of cells and tissues throughout the body, including insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. We aimed here at studying the paracrine effect of stromal cells isolated from subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue on human beta cells. We developed an in vitro model wherein the functional human beta cell line EndoC-βH1 was treated with conditioned media from human adipose tissues. By using RNA-sequencing and western blotting, we determined that a conditioned medium derived from omental stromal cells stimulates several pathways, such as STAT, SMAD and RELA, in EndoC-βH1 cells. We also observed that upon treatment, the expression of beta cell markers decreased while dedifferentiation markers increased. Loss-of-function experiments that efficiently blocked specific signaling pathways did not reverse dedifferentiation, suggesting the implication of more than one pathway in this regulatory process. Taken together, we demonstrate that soluble factors derived from stromal cells isolated from human omental adipose tissue signal human beta cells and modulate their identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blandine Secco
- Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, 75014 Paris, France; (B.S.); (K.S.); (S.P.); (L.R.)
| | - Kevin Saitoski
- Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, 75014 Paris, France; (B.S.); (K.S.); (S.P.); (L.R.)
| | - Karima Drareni
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (K.D.); (A.S.); (N.V.)
| | - Antoine Soprani
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (K.D.); (A.S.); (N.V.)
- Clinique Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Ramsey General de Santé, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Severine Pechberty
- Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, 75014 Paris, France; (B.S.); (K.S.); (S.P.); (L.R.)
| | - Latif Rachdi
- Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, 75014 Paris, France; (B.S.); (K.S.); (S.P.); (L.R.)
| | - Nicolas Venteclef
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (K.D.); (A.S.); (N.V.)
| | - Raphaël Scharfmann
- Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, 75014 Paris, France; (B.S.); (K.S.); (S.P.); (L.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +(33)-1-76-53-55-68
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Lien YC, Pinney SE, Lu XM, Simmons RA. Identification of Novel Regulatory Regions Induced by Intrauterine Growth Restriction in Rat Islets. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6459683. [PMID: 34894232 PMCID: PMC8743043 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) leads to the development of type 2 diabetes in adulthood, and the permanent alterations in gene expression implicate an epigenetic mechanism. Using a rat model of IUGR, we performed TrueSeq-HELP Tagging to assess the association of DNA methylation changes and gene dysregulation in islets. We identified 511 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and 4377 significantly altered single CpG sites. Integrating the methylome and our published transcriptome data sets resulted in the identification of pathways critical for islet function. The identified DMRs were enriched with transcription factor binding motifs, such as Elk1, Etv1, Foxa1, Foxa2, Pax7, Stat3, Hnf1, and AR. In silico analysis of 3-dimensional chromosomal interactions using human pancreas and islet Hi-C data sets identified interactions between 14 highly conserved DMRs and 35 genes with significant expression changes at an early age, many of which persisted in adult islets. In adult islets, there were far more interactions between DMRs and genes with significant expression changes identified with Hi-C, and most of them were critical to islet metabolism and insulin secretion. The methylome was integrated with our published genome-wide histone modification data sets from IUGR islets, resulting in further characterization of important regulatory regions of the genome altered by IUGR containing both significant changes in DNA methylation and specific histone marks. We identified novel regulatory regions in islets after exposure to IUGR, suggesting that epigenetic changes at key transcription factor binding motifs and other gene regulatory regions may contribute to gene dysregulation and an abnormal islet phenotype in IUGR rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chin Lien
- Center for Research on Reproduction and Women’s Health, Perelman School of Medicine, the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Sara E Pinney
- Center for Research on Reproduction and Women’s Health, Perelman School of Medicine, the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Division Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Perlman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Xueqing Maggie Lu
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Rebecca A Simmons
- Center for Research on Reproduction and Women’s Health, Perelman School of Medicine, the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Perlman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Correspondence: Rebecca A. Simmons, MD, Center for Research on Reproduction and Women’s Health, Perelman School of Medicine, the University of Pennsylvania, BRB II/III, 13th Fl, Rm 1308, 421 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Carapeto PV, Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA, Aguila MB. Effects of Y1 receptor agonist on the pancreatic islet of diet-induced obese and diabetic mice. J Diabetes Complications 2020; 34:107669. [PMID: 32646628 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2020.107669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Agonists of the NPY receptor might be potential in protecting pancreatic islets from injury. We aimed to characterize the role of [Leu31, Pro34]-PYY, an NPYR1 agonist, in pancreatic islets of a diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance model. METHODS We studied long-term high-fat diet intake as a model and selective agonist of the Y1 receptor to explore the pancreatic islet architecture and stereology, and insulin secretion in isolated islets and a whole animal model. Gene and protein expressions were assessed in isolated islets investigating the signaling cascades involved in inflammation, insulin signaling, and secretion. Also, the insulin release potential was studied in vitro. RESULTS Our data reveal that an infusion of NPYR1 for 14 days did not change the body mass of mice and eating behavior. NPYR1 did not modify the islet and beta-cell mass but positively impacted the inflammatory process by lowering the expressions of Tnf alpha and If gamma. Besides, NPYR1 restored the insulin signaling and the exocytose pattern by activating the PDX1/STAT3 pathway and improving the leptin signaling cascade. CONCLUSIONS The findings are compellingly indicating the potential effect of the NPYR1 as a target for improving the insulin resistance condition. As such, the infusion of the NPYR1 agonist would help to enhance insulin secretion by the beta-cell from the PDX1/STAT3 pathway and the improvement of the inflammatory process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Viana Carapeto
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, the University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Mandarim-de-Lacerda
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, the University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Marcia Barbosa Aguila
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, the University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Xu Y, Lin Y, Luo Y, Yang Y, Long B, Fang Z, Liu L, Zhang J, Zhang X. RAD52 aptamer regulates DNA damage repair and STAT3 in BRCA1/BRCA2‑deficient human acute myeloid leukemia. Oncol Rep 2020; 44:1455-1466. [PMID: 32945515 PMCID: PMC7448423 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
RAD52 (Radiation sensitive 52) is a key factor in DNA damage repair (DDR) bypass, which participates in single-strand annealing (SSA) after DNA damage end excision, while breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein (BRCA1)/breast cancer type 2 susceptibility protein (BRCA2) play critical roles in homologous recombination (HR) repair. The present study aimed to determine whether RAD52-induced regulation of repair bypass occurs in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells and to explore the underlying mechanism. Herein, we applied an RAD52 aptamer to AML cells with downregulated BRCA1/2. RAD52 aptamer inhibited AML cell proliferation detected by cell counting, promoted cell apoptosis obtained by flow cytometry, and suppressed DNA damage repair behavior measured by comet assay and flow cytometry, after drug intervention during low expression of BRCA1/2. During this process, DDR-related cell cycle checkpoint proteins were activated, and the cells were continuously arrested in the S/G2 phase, which affected the cell damage repair process. Concurrently, the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins were also altered. Furthermore, the expression of STAT3 and p-STAT3 was downregulated by the RAD52 aptamer, suggesting that RAD52 affects the STAT3 signaling pathway. In summary, we present a possible role for RAD52 in DDR of BRCA1/2-deficient AML cells that involves the STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichuan Xu
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Yansi Lin
- Department of General Medicine, Sun Yat‑sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Yuxuan Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, P.R. China
| | - Yanling Yang
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Bing Long
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Fang
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Xiangzhong Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
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Lu L, Li H, Wu X, Rao J, Zhou J, Fan S, Shen Q. HJC0152 suppresses human non-small-cell lung cancer by inhibiting STAT3 and modulating metabolism. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12777. [PMID: 32022328 PMCID: PMC7106968 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is constitutively activated and overexpressed in many cancers, including non–small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We recently developed HJC0152 as an orally active STAT3 inhibitor. This study focused on investigating HJC0152's effect and mechanism of action in NSCLC. Materials and methods We analysed cell proliferation by MTT assays, cell migration by wound healing and transwell assays, protein levels by Western blot, and apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level by flow cytometry. A nude mouse tumorigenesis model was established for in vivo experiment. UHPLC‐QTOF/MS was used for untargeted metabolomic relative quantitation analysis. Results We found that HJC0152 exhibited activity against human NSCLC cells in vitro and NSCLC xenograft tumours in vivo via regulating STAT3 signalling and metabolism. HJC0152 efficiently reduced NSCLC cell proliferation, promoted ROS generation, induced apoptosis, triggered DNA damage and reduced motility in A549 and H460 NSCLC cells. Moreover, HJC0152 significantly inhibited the growth of A549 xenograft tumours in vivo. HJC0152 also affected metabolism, significantly decreasing and perturbating levels of several metabolites in the purine, glutathione and pyrimidine metabolism pathways. Conclusions HJC0152 reduces cellular capacity to scavenge free radicals, leading to ROS generation and accumulation and apoptosis. This study provides a rationale for further developing HJC0152 as a potential therapy for NSCLC and provides insights into the mechanisms by which HJC0152 exerts its anti‐cancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Hang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Rao
- Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Saijun Fan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Shen
- Department of Genetics, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
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10
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Weng Q, Zhao M, Zheng J, Yang L, Xu Z, Zhang Z, Wang J, Wang J, Yang B, Richard Lu Q, Ying M, He Q. STAT3 dictates β-cell apoptosis by modulating PTEN in streptozocin-induced hyperglycemia. Cell Death Differ 2019; 27:130-145. [PMID: 31097787 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-019-0344-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Insufficient pancreatic β-cell mass or insulin-producing β-cells are implicated in all forms of diabetes mellitus. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying β-cell destruction are complex and not fully defined. Here we observed that activation of STAT3 is intensely and specifically inhibited in β-cells under hyperglycemic conditions. By knocking out STAT3 specifically in mouse β-cells, we found that the loss of STAT3 sensitized mice to three low doses of STZ stimulation resulting in hyperglycemia. Mechanistically, accumulating PTEN, induced by STAT3 deficiency, directly represses phosphorylation of AKT, which negatively modulates transcription factor activation, dysregulates β-cell function, positively promotes apoptotic signaling, and finally induces β-cell apoptosis. Notably, the defective secretion of insulin and β-cells apoptosis was completely rescued by PTEN ablation in STAT3-null islets or PTEN inhibitor bpv(phen) treatment. Thus our data suggest that STAT3 is a vital modulator of β-cell survival and function, highlighting a critical role for STAT3 in the negative regulation of PTEN-AKT signaling pathway associated with β-cell dysfunction and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinjie Weng
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China.,Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengting Zhao
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiahuan Zheng
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lijun Yang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zijie Xu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhikang Zhang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Q Richard Lu
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Meidan Ying
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Qiaojun He
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China. .,Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
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11
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Andaluz A, Ewertowska E, Moll X, Aguilar A, García F, Fondevila D, Quesada R, Berjano E, Grande L, Burdío F. Endoluminal radiofrequency ablation of the main pancreatic duct is a secure and effective method to produce pancreatic atrophy and to achieve stump closure. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5928. [PMID: 30976043 PMCID: PMC6459817 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42411-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiofrequency energy has been used both experimentally and clinically to manage the pancreatic remnant after distal pancreatectomies. Our goal was to determine whether endoluminal radiofrequency (RF) ablation of the main pancreatic duct in large animals would be more efficient than glue occlusion as an exocrine pancreatic atrophy-inducing procedure. Thirty-four Landrace pigs were assigned to either the transpapilar (n = 16) or transection (n = 18) groups. The transection implied the pancreas neck was severed. In each of these groups the remaining distal pancreatic duct was occluded either by RF or by glue. In the transpapilar group complete atrophy was observed in all the RF cases, while atrophy was incomplete in all the members of the glue subgroup. The failure rate of the main pancreatic duct (usually expressed by a pseudocyst) in the transection groups was dramatically higher in the glue subgroup than the RF subgroups (9 out of 9 and 1 out of 9, respectively) and postoperative mortality occurred only in the glue subgroup (3 out of 9). These results show the superiority of endoluminal RF ablation over glue for main pancreatic duct occlusion, as seen by the degree of atrophy and fewer postoperative pancreatic fistulas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Andaluz
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Elzbieta Ewertowska
- BioMIT, Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Xavier Moll
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrià Aguilar
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Félix García
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dolors Fondevila
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rita Quesada
- Department of Surgery, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Berjano
- BioMIT, Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luís Grande
- Department of Surgery, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Montanucci P, Pescara T, Alunno A, Bistoni O, Basta G, Calafiore R. Remission of hyperglycemia in spontaneously diabetic NOD mice upon transplant of microencapsulated human umbilical cord Wharton jelly‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMS). Xenotransplantation 2018; 26:e12476. [DOI: 10.1111/xen.12476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pia Montanucci
- Section of Cardiovascular, Endocrine and Metabolic Clinical Physiology, and Laboratory for Endocrine Cell Transplants and Biohybrid Organs, Department of Medicine University of Perugia Perugia Italy
| | - Teresa Pescara
- Section of Cardiovascular, Endocrine and Metabolic Clinical Physiology, and Laboratory for Endocrine Cell Transplants and Biohybrid Organs, Department of Medicine University of Perugia Perugia Italy
| | - Alessia Alunno
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine University of Perugia Perugia Italy
| | - Onelia Bistoni
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine University of Perugia Perugia Italy
| | - Giuseppe Basta
- Section of Cardiovascular, Endocrine and Metabolic Clinical Physiology, and Laboratory for Endocrine Cell Transplants and Biohybrid Organs, Department of Medicine University of Perugia Perugia Italy
| | - Riccardo Calafiore
- Section of Cardiovascular, Endocrine and Metabolic Clinical Physiology, and Laboratory for Endocrine Cell Transplants and Biohybrid Organs, Department of Medicine University of Perugia Perugia Italy
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13
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Jiang WJ, Peng YC, Yang KM. Cellular signaling pathways regulating β-cell proliferation as a promising therapeutic target in the treatment of diabetes. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:3275-3285. [PMID: 30233674 PMCID: PMC6143874 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
It is established that a decrease in β-cell number and deficiency in the function of existing β-cells contribute to type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, a major focus of current research is to identify novel methods of improving the number and function of β-cells, so as to prevent and/or postpone the development of diabetes mellitus and potentially reverse diabetes mellitus. Based on prior knowledge of the above-mentioned causes, promising therapeutic approaches may include direct transplantation of islets, implantation and subsequent induced differentiation of progenitors/stem cells to β-cells, replication of pre-existing β-cells, or activation of endogenous β-cell progenitors. More recently, with regards to cell replacement and regenerative treatment for diabetes patients, the identification of cellular signaling pathways with related genes or corresponding proteins involved in diabetes has become a topic of interest. However, the majority of pathways and molecules associated with β-cells remain unresolved, and the specialized functions of known pathways remain unclear, particularly in humans. The current article has evaluated the progress of research on pivotal cellular signaling pathways involved with β-cell proliferation and survival, and their validity for therapeutic adult β-cell regeneration in diabetes. More efforts are required to elucidate the cellular events involved in human β-cell proliferation in terms of the underlying mechanisms and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Juan Jiang
- Institute of Anatomy, Basic Medical College of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Chuan Peng
- Institute of Anatomy, Basic Medical College of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, P.R. China
| | - Kai-Ming Yang
- Institute of Anatomy, Basic Medical College of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, P.R. China
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14
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Tuo Y, Xiang M. mTOR: A double‐edged sword for diabetes. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 106:385-395. [DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mr0317-095rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yali Tuo
- Department of PharmacologySchool of PharmacyTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Ming Xiang
- Department of PharmacologySchool of PharmacyTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
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15
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Paula FMM, Leite NC, Borck PC, Freitas-Dias R, Cnop M, Chacon-Mikahil MPT, Cavaglieri CR, Marchetti P, Boschero AC, Zoppi CC, Eizirik DL. Exercise training protects human and rodent β cells against endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis. FASEB J 2018; 32:1524-1536. [PMID: 29133342 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700710r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Prolonged exercise has positive metabolic effects in obese or diabetic individuals. These effects are usually ascribed to improvements in insulin sensitivity. We evaluated whether exercise also generates circulating signals that protect human and rodent β cells against endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis. For this purpose, we obtained serum from humans or mice before and after an 8 wk training period. Exposure of human islets or mouse or rat β cells to human or rodent sera, respectively, obtained from trained individuals reduced cytokine (IL-1β+IFN-γ)- or chemical ER stressor-induced β-cell ER stress and apoptosis, at least in part via activation of the transcription factor STAT3. These findings indicate that exercise training improves human and rodent β-cell survival under diabetogenic conditions and support lifestyle interventions as a protective approach for both type 1 and 2 diabetes.-Paula, F. M. M., Leite, N. C., Borck, P. C., Freitas-Dias, R., Cnop, M., Chacon-Mikahil, M. P. T., Cavaglieri, C. R., Marchetti, P., Boschero, A. C., Zoppi, C. C., Eizirik, D. L. Exercise training protects human and rodent β cells against endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia M M Paula
- Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nayara C Leite
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Patricia C Borck
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Freitas-Dias
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.,Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pernambuco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Miriam Cnop
- Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.,Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mara P T Chacon-Mikahil
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory (FISEX), Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil; and
| | - Claudia R Cavaglieri
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory (FISEX), Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil; and
| | - Piero Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonio C Boschero
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Claudio C Zoppi
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Decio L Eizirik
- Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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16
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Staels W, De Groef S, Bussche L, Leuckx G, Van de Casteele M, De Leu N, Baeyens L, Heremans Y, Heimberg H. Making β(-like)-cells from exocrine pancreas. Diabetes Obes Metab 2016; 18 Suppl 1:144-51. [PMID: 27615144 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Creating an abundant source of β(-like)-cells has been a major goal in diabetes research for many decades. The concept of cell plasticity has inspired many strategies towards regenerative medicine, but its successes have been limited until very recently. Today, most cell types in the pancreas are considered candidates for the generation of β(-like)-cells through transdifferentiation. While β(-like)-cells that are in vitro differentiated from human embryonic stem cells are already being grafted in patients, β(-like)-cells generated by transdifferentiation are not yet ready for clinical application. These cells would however offer several advantages over the current β(-like)-cells generated by directed differentiation, especially concerning safety issues. In addition, perfect control of the transdifferentiation efficiency would through targeted drug delivery support a non-invasive cell therapy for diabetes. Lastly, focusing on the exocrine pancreas as prime candidate makes sense in view of their abundance and high plasticity. Keeping these hopeful perspectives in mind, it is worth to continue focused research on the mechanisms that control transdifferentiation from pancreas exocrine to β-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Staels
- Diabetes Research Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital and Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - S De Groef
- Diabetes Research Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - L Bussche
- Diabetes Research Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - G Leuckx
- Diabetes Research Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Van de Casteele
- Diabetes Research Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - N De Leu
- Diabetes Research Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Departments of Endocrinology, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- ASZ Aalst, Aalst, Belgium
| | - L Baeyens
- Diabetes Research Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Y Heremans
- Diabetes Research Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - H Heimberg
- Diabetes Research Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
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