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Poggio P, Rocca S, Fusella F, Ferretti R, Ala U, D'Anna F, Giugliano E, Panuzzo C, Fontana D, Palumbo V, Carrà G, Taverna D, Gambacorti-Passerini C, Saglio G, Fava C, Piazza R, Morotti A, Orso F, Brancaccio M. miR-15a targets the HSP90 co-chaperone Morgana in chronic myeloid leukemia. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15089. [PMID: 38956394 PMCID: PMC11220062 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65404-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Morgana is a ubiquitous HSP90 co-chaperone protein coded by the CHORDC1 gene. Morgana heterozygous mice develop with age a myeloid malignancy resembling human atypical myeloid leukemia (aCML), now renamed MDS/MPN with neutrophilia. Patients affected by this pathology exhibit low Morgana levels in the bone marrow (BM), suggesting that Morgana downregulation plays a causative role in the human malignancy. A decrease in Morgana expression levels is also evident in the BM of a subgroup of Philadelphia-positive (Ph+) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients showing resistance or an incomplete response to imatinib. Despite the relevance of these data, the mechanism through which Morgana expression is downregulated in patients' bone marrow remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the possibility that Morgana expression is regulated by miRNAs and we demonstrated that Morgana is under the control of four miRNAs (miR-15a/b and miR-26a/b) and that miR-15a may account for Morgana downregulation in CML patients.
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MESH Headings
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Humans
- HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism
- HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins/genetics
- Animals
- Mice
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Down-Regulation
- Bone Marrow/metabolism
- Bone Marrow/pathology
- Molecular Chaperones/metabolism
- Molecular Chaperones/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Poggio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefania Rocca
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Fusella
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberta Ferretti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ugo Ala
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Flora D'Anna
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Emilia Giugliano
- Division of Internal Medicine and Hematology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Cristina Panuzzo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Science, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Diletta Fontana
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Valeria Palumbo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Carrà
- Department of Clinical and Biological Science, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Daniela Taverna
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Carlo Gambacorti-Passerini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Hematology Division and Bone Marrow Unit, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Saglio
- Department of Clinical and Biological Science, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Carmen Fava
- Department of Clinical and Biological Science, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Rocco Piazza
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Hematology Division and Bone Marrow Unit, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Alessandro Morotti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Science, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Francesca Orso
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine (DIMET), University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Mara Brancaccio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
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2
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Rubanov A, Berico P, Hernando E. Epigenetic Mechanisms Underlying Melanoma Resistance to Immune and Targeted Therapies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235858. [PMID: 36497341 PMCID: PMC9738385 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is an aggressive skin cancer reliant on early detection for high likelihood of successful treatment. Solar UV exposure transforms melanocytes into highly mutated tumor cells that metastasize to the liver, lungs, and brain. Even upon resection of the primary tumor, almost thirty percent of patients succumb to melanoma within twenty years. Identification of key melanoma genetic drivers led to the development of pharmacological BRAFV600E and MEK inhibitors, significantly improving metastatic patient outcomes over traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy or pioneering IFN-α and IL-2 immune therapies. Checkpoint blockade inhibitors releasing the immunosuppressive effects of CTLA-4 or PD-1 proved to be even more effective and are the standard first-line treatment. Despite these major improvements, durable responses to immunotherapy and targeted therapy have been hindered by intrinsic or acquired resistance. In addition to gained or selected genetic alterations, cellular plasticity conferred by epigenetic reprogramming is emerging as a driver of therapy resistance. Epigenetic regulation of chromatin accessibility drives gene expression and establishes distinct transcriptional cell states. Here we review how aberrant chromatin, transcriptional, and epigenetic regulation contribute to therapy resistance and discuss how targeting these programs sensitizes melanoma cells to immune and targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Rubanov
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Pietro Berico
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Eva Hernando
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Correspondence:
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3
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Bai X, Quek C. Unravelling Tumour Microenvironment in Melanoma at Single-Cell Level and Challenges to Checkpoint Immunotherapy. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101757. [PMID: 36292642 PMCID: PMC9601741 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is known as one of the most immunogenic tumours and is often characterised by high mutation burden, neoantigen load and immune infiltrate. The application of immunotherapies has led to impressive improvements in the clinical outcomes of advanced stage melanoma patients. The standard of care immunotherapies leverage the host immunological influence on tumour cells, which entail complex interactions among the tumour, stroma, and immune cells at the tumour microenvironmental level. However, not all cancer patients can achieve a long-term durable response to immunotherapy, and a significant proportion of patients develops resistance and still die from their disease. Owing to the multi-faceted problems of tumour and microenvironmental heterogeneity, identifying the key factors underlying tumour progression and immunotherapy resistance poses a great challenge. In this review, we outline the main challenges to current cancer immunotherapy research posed by tumour heterogeneity and microenvironment complexities including genomic and transcriptomic variability, selective outgrowth of tumour subpopulations, spatial and temporal tumour heterogeneity and the dynamic state of host immunity and microenvironment orchestration. We also highlight the opportunities to dissect tumour heterogeneity using single-cell sequencing and spatial platforms. Integrative analyses of large-scale datasets will enable in-depth exploration of biological questions, which facilitates the clinical application of translational research.
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Luo G, Wang S, Ai Y, Li J, Ren Z. N6-Methyladenosine Methylome Profiling of Muscle and Adipose Tissues Reveals Methylase-mRNA Metabolic Regulatory Networks in Fat Deposition of Rex Rabbits. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11070944. [PMID: 36101325 PMCID: PMC9312354 DOI: 10.3390/biology11070944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent internal form of modification in messenger RNA in higher eukaryotes and plays an important role in cancer, immunity, reproduction, development, and fat deposition. Intramuscular fat is the main factor used to measure the meat quality of an animal. The deposition of intramuscular fat and perirenal fat increases with age. However, there is no data on m6A modification of Rex rabbits and its potential biological roles in adipose deposition and muscle growth. Here, we performed two high-throughput sequencing methods, m6A-modified RNA immunoprecipitation sequence (MeRIP-seq) and RNA sequence (RNA-seq), to identify key genes with m6A modification on fat deposition in the muscle and adipose tissues of Rex rabbits. Then, qRT-PCR was used to identify the differently methylated genes related to fat deposition. Our findings showed that there were 12,876 and 10,973 m6A peaks in the rabbit muscle and adipose tissue transcriptomes, respectively. Stop codons, 3′-untranslated regions, and coding regions were found to be mainly enriched for m6A peaks. In addition, we found 5 differential methylases and 12 key genes of methylation modification related to fat deposition between muscle and adipose tissues samples. The expression levels of six random key genes were significantly higher in the fat than that in the muscle of Rex rabbits at different stages (p < 0.01). Finally, five differential methylases were found to regulate adipogenesis by affecting the expression of screened genes in different ways. These findings provided a theoretical basis for our future research on the function of m6A modification during the growth of fat deposits.
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Chung YH, Cheng YT, Kao YH, Tsai WC, Huang GK, Chen YT, Shen YC, Tai MH, Chiang PH. MiR-26a-5p as a useful therapeutic target for upper tract urothelial carcinoma by regulating WNT5A/β-catenin signaling. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6955. [PMID: 35484165 PMCID: PMC9050734 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08091-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of miRNAs in cancer and their possible function as therapeutic agents are interesting and needed further investigation. The miR-26a-5p had been demonstrated as a tumor suppressor in various cancers. However, the importance of miR-26a-5p regulation in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) remains unclear. Here, we aimed to explore the miR-26a-5p expression in UTUC tissues and to identify its regulatory targets and signal network involved in UTUC tumorigenesis. The miR-26a-5p expression was validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) using renal pelvis tissue samples from 22 patients who were diagnosed with UTUC and 64 cases of renal pelvis tissue microarray using in situ hybridization staining. BFTC-909 UTUC cells were used to examine the effects of miR-26a-5p genetic delivery on proliferation, migration and expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers. MiR-26a-5p was significantly down-regulated in UTUC tumors compared to adjacent normal tissue and was decreased with histological grades. Moreover, restoration of miR-26a-5p showed inhibition effects on proliferation and migration of BFTC-909 cells. In addition, miR-26a-5p delivery regulated the EMT marker expression and inhibited WNT5A/β-catenin signaling and expression of downstream molecules including NF-κB and MMP-9 in BFTC-909 cells. This study demonstrated that miR-26a-5p restoration may reverse EMT process and regulate WNT5A/β-catenin signaling in UTUC cells. Further studies warranted to explore the potential roles in biomarkers for diagnostics and prognosis, as well as novel therapeutics targets for UTUC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Hua Chung
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yuan-Tso Cheng
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ying-Hsien Kao
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wan-Chi Tsai
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Gong-Kai Huang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yen-Ta Chen
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yuan-Chi Shen
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Hong Tai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Po-Hui Chiang
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83301, Taiwan, ROC.
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MicroRNA-603 Promotes Progression of Cutaneous Melanoma by Regulating TBX5. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2021:1888501. [PMID: 35003317 PMCID: PMC8741382 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1888501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Although studies manifested that microRNA-603 plays a vital role in many cancers, the modulatory mechanism of microRNA-603 in cutaneous melanoma remains unknown. We aimed to investigate the roles of microRNA-603 in cutaneous melanoma cells. Methods First, microRNA-603 expression in cutaneous melanoma cell lines was detected by qRT-PCR. The mRNA and protein expression levels of TBX5 in cutaneous melanoma cell lines were tested by qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. In addition, the interaction between microRNA-603 and TBX5 was determined by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, and their impacts on the growth of cutaneous melanoma cells were detected by cellular function experiments such as MTT, colony formation, and Transwell assays. Results The expression level of microRNA-603 in human cutaneous melanoma cells was relatively upregulated. Overexpressing microRNA-603 could promote progression of cutaneous melanoma cells, while silencing microRNA-603 expression could suppress the malignant progression of cutaneous melanoma. In addition, TBX5 was lowly expressed in cutaneous melanoma cells. As confirmed by dual-luciferase assay, microRNA-603 could specifically bind to 3′UTR of TBX5 and regulate TBX5. The results of the rescue experiment demonstrated that inhibiting microRNA-603 expression could suppress the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cutaneous melanoma cells, but its suppressive effect could be restored by TBX5. Conclusion MicroRNA-603 could regulate the expression of TBX5, thus promoting the malignant progression of cutaneous melanoma cells.
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Zhang X, Lai YQ, Guo L. Treatment of hypertrophic scar with injection of triamcinolone leads to increased microRNA-26a in a rabbit ear model. EUR J INFLAMM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x221113399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Differential expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been confirmed to promote hypertrophic scar (HS) formation. However, this mechanism remains to be further elucidated. This paper investigated the effects of microRNA26a on HS of rabbit ears or its mechanism. Methods: The rabbit HS models were established and randomly assigned to either the experimental group (20 rabbits with treatment through triamcinolone acetonide) or the scar group (20 rabbits without treatment). In addition, 10 unmodeled rabbits were served as control group. The expression of microRNA-26a in HS tissues was detected via a stem-loop real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: According to RT-PCR, we showed the decreased expression of microRNA-26a in the scar group compared with that in the experimental group, and in the experimental group compared with that in the control group ( p < .01). In addition, the expression of microRNA-26a was negatively correlated with scar thickness (STs), number of fibroblasts (NFs), Collagen I (Col I) level, Collagen III (Col III) level, Interleukin-6 (IL-6) level, and Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) level (all p < .01). Conclusions: Our findings revealed that the increase of microRNA-26a expression might alleviate excessive inflammation during the HS formation, inhibit fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition in HS, and promote the treatment of HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Zhang
- Department of Laboratory, First People’s Hospital of Xianyang City, Xianyang City, China
| | - Ya-Qun Lai
- Department of Chinese Medicine Cosmetology, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine University of Shaanxi, Xianyang City, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Pathology, First People’s Hospital of Xianyang City, Xianyang City, China
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Alkafaji HA, Raji A, Rahman HS, Zekiy AO, Adili A, Jalili M, Hojjatipour T, Cid‐Arregui A, Shomali N, Tarzi S, Tamjidifar R, Heshmati R, Marofi F, Akbari M, Hasanzadeh A, Deljavanghodrati M, Jarahian M, Sandoghchian Shotorbani S. Up-regulation of KISS1 as a novel target of Let-7i in melanoma serves as a potential suppressor of migration and proliferation in vitro. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:6864-6873. [PMID: 34096173 PMCID: PMC8278109 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a kind of skin cancer that is begun by the alteration of melanocytes. miRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate a variety of biological processes. KISS1, the metastasis-suppressor gene, encodes kisspeptins which inhibits migration and proliferation of cancers. This study was aimed to determine the role of Let-7i and KISS1 in melanoma cell migration and proliferation. At first, the expression of Let-7i and KISS1 was determined in patients with melanoma. In the in vitro part of the study, Let-7i mimics were transfected and the impact of its restoration on target gene expression, proliferation, migration and apoptosis of SK-MEL-3 melanoma cell line was assessed by real-time PCR and Western blotting, MTT assay, wound-healing assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Besides, KISS1 inhibitor siRNA alone and along with Let-7i was transfected to determine their probable correlation. The results revealed that either Let-7i or KISS1 were down-regulated in patients with melanoma. The results obtained from the in vitro part of the study revealed that restoration of Let-7i reduced the expression of metastasis- and proliferation-related target genes. Moreover, it was revealed that up-regulation of Let-7i attenuated migration and proliferation capability of SK-MEL-3 cells. Besides, it was demonstrated that Let-7i restoration induced apoptosis in melanoma cells. More importantly, the KISS1 inhibitor caused a prominent cell migration and proliferation, attenuated by Let-7i re-expression. To sum up, the present study revealed the impressive role of Let-7i restoration along with its correlation with KISS1 on melanoma carcinogenicity which may be applicable in future in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed Raji
- College of medicineUniversity of BabylonBabylonIraq
| | - Heshu S. Rahman
- Department of PhysiologyCollege of MedicineUniversity of SuleimanyahSuleimanyahIraq
| | - Angelina O. Zekiy
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscowRussian Federation
| | - Ali Adili
- Department of OncologyTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | | | - Tahereh Hojjatipour
- Department of Hematology and Blood TransfusionStudents Research CentreSchool of Allied MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Angel Cid‐Arregui
- Targeted Tumor Vaccines UnitGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Navid Shomali
- Immunology Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of ImmunologyTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Saeed Tarzi
- Immunology Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Rozita Tamjidifar
- Immunology Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Ramin Heshmati
- Immunology Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Faroogh Marofi
- Department of ImmunologyTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Morteza Akbari
- Immunology Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Ali Hasanzadeh
- Department of ImmunologyTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | | | - Mostafa Jarahian
- Toxicology and Chemotherapy Unit (G401)German Cancer Research CenterHeidelbergGermany
| | - Siamak Sandoghchian Shotorbani
- Immunology Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of ImmunologyTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
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Li S, Zhu X, Zhang N, Cao R, Zhao L, Li X, Zhang J, Yu J. LncRNA NORAD engages in psoriasis by binding to miR-26a to regulate keratinocyte proliferation. Autoimmunity 2021; 54:129-137. [PMID: 33759666 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2021.1897976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease. It was reported that lncRNA Non-coding RNA-activated by DNA damage (NORAD) has potential regulatory effects on skin diseases. Our previous studies found that lncRNA NORAD was highly expressed and its potential target miR-26a was down-regulated in psoriasis model mice. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of NORAD in the development of psoriasis. METHODS IL-22/LPS (interleukin-22/lipopolysaccharide)-stimulated HaCaT (human immortalized keratinocytes) cell model and imiquimod-induced mouse model were established. Keratin 6 (K6), Keratin 16 (K16), Keratin 17 (K17), and Cell division cycle 6 (CDC6) levels were detected by western blot. Cell activity was detected by CCK-8, MTT, and EdU assays. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to examine the levels of NORAD, miR-26a, CDC6, K6, K16, and K17. Haematoxylin-eosin staining was applied to observe the degree of skin thickening and hyperplasia. Fluorescence in situ hybridization detects the location of NORAD. RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA pull-down, and Luciferase test were performed to detect the interaction between NORAD and miR-26a. RESULTS In IL-22/LPS-stimulated HaCaT cells, NORAD, CDC6, and keratinocyte proliferation-related proteins (K6, K16, and K17) were up-regulated and miR-26a was down-regulated. Cell survival and proliferation were also increased. However, the results were reversed after interference with NORAD. Also, in vitro experiments revealed that NORAD negatively regulated miR-26a. In IL-22/LPS-stimulated HaCaT cells and skin of imiquimod-induced mice, we found that lower NORAD resulted in an increase of miR-26a and a decrease of CDC6, further decreased levels of keratinocyte proliferation-related proteins (K6, K16, and K17).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuiqi Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruixiang Cao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiang'an Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianbin Yu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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CSDE1 attenuates microRNA-mediated silencing of PMEPA1 in melanoma. Oncogene 2021; 40:3231-3244. [PMID: 33833398 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01767-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) primarily target the 3' UTR of mRNAs to control their translation and stability. However, their co-regulatory effects on specific mRNAs in physiology and disease are yet to be fully explored. CSDE1 is an RBP that promotes metastasis in melanoma and mechanisms underlying its oncogenic activities need to be completely defined. Here we report that CSDE1 interacts with specific miRNA-induced silencing complexes (miRISC) in melanoma. We find an association of CSDE1 with AGO2, the essential component of miRISC, which is facilitated by target mRNAs and depends on the first cold shock domain of CSDE1. Both CSDE1 and AGO2 bind to 3' UTR of PMEPA1. CSDE1 counters AGO2 binding, leading to an increase of PMEPA1 expression. We also identify a miRNA, miR-129-5p, that represses PMEPA1 expression in melanoma. Collectively, our results show that PMEPA1 promotes tumorigenic traits and that CSDE1 along with miR-129-5p/AGO2 miRISC act antagonistically to fine-tune PMEPA1 expression toward the progression of melanoma.
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11
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Gholipour M, Taheri M. MicroRNA Signature in Melanoma: Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets. Front Oncol 2021; 11:608987. [PMID: 33968718 PMCID: PMC8100681 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.608987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the utmost fatal kind of skin neoplasms. Molecular changes occurring during the pathogenic processes of initiation and progression of melanoma are diverse and include activating mutations in BRAF and NRAS genes, hyper-activation of PI3K/AKT pathway, inactivation of p53 and alterations in CDK4/CDKN2A axis. Moreover, several miRNAs have been identified to be implicated in the biology of melanoma through modulation of expression of genes being involved in these pathways. In the current review, we provide a summary of the bulk of information about the role of miRNAs in the pathobiology of melanoma, their possible application as biomarkers and their emerging role as therapeutic targets for this kind of skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Gholipour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Tian Y, Zeng J, Yang Z. MicroRNA-27b inhibits the development of melanoma by targeting MYC. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:370. [PMID: 33747226 PMCID: PMC7967934 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous malignant melanoma is a malignancy with one of the fastest increasing incidence rates worldwide; however, the mechanism underlying the occurrence and development of melanoma remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to identify novel biomarkers for the occurrence and development of melanoma. The results of the present study demonstrated that the expression levels of microRNA (miR)-27b were decreased in melanoma tissue samples compared with those in adjacent noncancerous tissue samples and cells according to online and experimental data. By contrast, MYC expression levels were upregulated in melanoma compared with those in adjacent noncancerous tissue samples. miR-27b overexpression significantly inhibited A375 and A2085 melanoma cell DNA synthesis, viability and invasive ability. Dual-luciferase reporter assay results demonstrated that miR-27b inhibited MYC expression through binding to the 3′-untranslated region of MYC mRNA. MYC knockdown in melanoma cells exerted similar effects to those of miR-27b overexpression on DNA synthesis, cell viability and invasive ability; the effects of miR-27b inhibition were significantly reversed by MYC knockdown. In conclusion, the miR-27b/MYC axis may modulate malignant melanoma cell biological behaviors and may be a potential target for melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tian
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Juanni Zeng
- Department of Anorectal Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Zongliang Yang
- Department of Anorectal Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
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13
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Diana A, Gaido G, Maxia C, Murtas D. MicroRNAs at the Crossroad of the Dichotomic Pathway Cell Death vs. Stemness in Neural Somatic and Cancer Stem Cells: Implications and Therapeutic Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9630. [PMID: 33348804 PMCID: PMC7766058 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stemness and apoptosis may highlight the dichotomy between regeneration and demise in the complex pathway proceeding from ontogenesis to the end of life. In the last few years, the concept has emerged that the same microRNAs (miRNAs) can be concurrently implicated in both apoptosis-related mechanisms and cell differentiation. Whether the differentiation process gives rise to the architecture of brain areas, any long-lasting perturbation of miRNA expression can be related to the occurrence of neurodevelopmental/neuropathological conditions. Moreover, as a consequence of neural stem cell (NSC) transformation to cancer stem cells (CSCs), the fine modulation of distinct miRNAs becomes necessary. This event implies controlling the expression of pro/anti-apoptotic target genes, which is crucial for the management of neural/neural crest-derived CSCs in brain tumors, neuroblastoma, and melanoma. From a translational point of view, the current progress on the emerging miRNA-based neuropathology therapeutic applications and antitumor strategies will be disclosed and their advantages and shortcomings discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Diana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Maxia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Daniela Murtas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
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14
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Diener C, Hart M, Kehl T, Rheinheimer S, Ludwig N, Krammes L, Pawusch S, Lenhof K, Tänzer T, Schub D, Sester M, Walch-Rückheim B, Keller A, Lenhof HP, Meese E. Quantitative and time-resolved miRNA pattern of early human T cell activation. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:10164-10183. [PMID: 32990751 PMCID: PMC7544210 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells are central to the immune response against various pathogens and cancer cells. Complex networks of transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulators, including microRNAs (miRNAs), coordinate the T cell activation process. Available miRNA datasets, however, do not sufficiently dissolve the dynamic changes of miRNA controlled networks upon T cell activation. Here, we established a quantitative and time-resolved expression pattern for the entire miRNome over a period of 24 h upon human T-cell activation. Based on our time-resolved datasets, we identified central miRNAs and specified common miRNA expression profiles. We found the most prominent quantitative expression changes for miR-155-5p with a range from initially 40 molecules/cell to 1600 molecules/cell upon T-cell activation. We established a comprehensive dynamic regulatory network of both the up- and downstream regulation of miR-155. Upstream, we highlight IRF4 and its complexes with SPI1 and BATF as central for the transcriptional regulation of miR-155. Downstream of miR-155-5p, we verified 17 of its target genes by the time-resolved data recorded after T cell activation. Our data provide comprehensive insights into the range of stimulus induced miRNA abundance changes and lay the ground to identify efficient points of intervention for modifying the T cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Diener
- Institute of Human Genetics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Martin Hart
- Institute of Human Genetics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Tim Kehl
- Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland Informatics Campus, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Nicole Ludwig
- Institute of Human Genetics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Lena Krammes
- Institute of Human Genetics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Pawusch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Lenhof
- Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland Informatics Campus, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Tanja Tänzer
- Institute of Virology and Center of Human and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - David Schub
- Department of Transplant and Infection Immunology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Martina Sester
- Department of Transplant and Infection Immunology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Walch-Rückheim
- Institute of Virology and Center of Human and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Keller
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Hans-Peter Lenhof
- Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland Informatics Campus, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Eckart Meese
- Institute of Human Genetics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
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15
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Gerloff D, Sunderkötter C, Wohlrab J. Importance of microRNAs in Skin Oncogenesis and Their Suitability as Agents and Targets for Topical Therapy. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 33:270-279. [PMID: 33080592 DOI: 10.1159/000509879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Skin cancer is the most common cancer worldwide, with rapidly increasing incidence and consistent mortality. Skin cancer encompasses melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer, which in turn is mainly divided into cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma. Small noncoding micro-RNAs (miRNAs) regulate protein expression after transcription and play a role in the development and progression of skin cancer. Deregulated expression of miRNAs in skin cancer is associated with cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, apoptosis, immune response, and drug resistance. Specific patterns of miRNAs in specific skin cancer types can be used as diagnostic markers. For therapeutic purposes, both miRNA and chemically modified variants thereof as well as miRNA antagonists (antagomiRs) or RNA inhibitors may be applied topically. Due to their specific physicochemical properties, physical or chemical diffusion promoters are used with varying degrees of success. There is no question by now that such preparations have a high potential for the treatment of epithelial skin tumors in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Gerloff
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany,
| | - Cord Sunderkötter
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Johannes Wohlrab
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.,Institute of Applied Dermatopharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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16
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Hu YY, Jiang GB, Song YF, Zhan AL, Deng C, Niu YM, Zhou L, Duan QW. Association between the pri-miR-26a-1 rs7372209 C>T polymorphism and cancer susceptibility: multivariate analysis and trial sequential analysis. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:19060-19072. [PMID: 33052138 PMCID: PMC7732283 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
MiR-26 has been suggested to play a tumor-suppressive role in cancer development, which could be influenced by the mutate pri-miR-26ª-1. Molecular epidemiological studies have demonstrated some inconsistent associations between pri-miR-26ª-1 rs7372209 C>T polymorphism and cancer risk. We therefore performed this meta-analysis with multivariate statistic method to comprehensively evaluate the associations between rs7372209 C>T polymorphism and cancer risk. Eleven publications involving 6,709 patients and 6,514 controls were identified. Multivariate analysis indicated that the over-dominant genetic model was most likely. Pooled results indicated no significant association in the overall population (CC+TT vs. CT: OR=1.08, 95%CI=0.96-1.22, P=0.20, I2=54.4%), as well as the subgroup analysis according to ethnicity, control source, tumor locations, and HWE status of controls. In addition, heterogeneity, accumulative, sensitivity analysis, publication bias and trial sequential analysis (TSA) were conducted to test the statistical power. Overall, our results indicated that the pri-miR-26a-1 rs7372209 C>T polymorphism may not be a potential risk for cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Hu
- Department of Stomatology, Department of Clinical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Guang-Bin Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Suizhou Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Suizhou Central Hospital, Suizhou 441300, China
| | - Ya-Feng Song
- The Personnel Section, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China,Department of Neurology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Ai-Ling Zhan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital of Shanghai Songjiang District, Shanghai 201600, China
| | - Cai Deng
- Department of Stomatology, Department of Clinical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Yu-Ming Niu
- Department of Stomatology, Department of Clinical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Lan Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Department of Clinical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China,Department of Neurology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Qi-Wen Duan
- Department of Stomatology, Department of Clinical Oncology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
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17
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De Martino M, Esposito F, Chieffi P. An update on microRNAs as potential novel therapeutic targets in testicular germ cell tumors. Intractable Rare Dis Res 2020; 9:184-186. [PMID: 32844079 PMCID: PMC7441029 DOI: 10.5582/irdr.2020.03025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are the most frequent solid malignant tumors in men 20- 40 years of age and the most frequent cause of death from solid tumors in this age group. Recent studies have underscored the fact that miRNA deregulation is a feature of carcinogenesis, including TGCT development and progression. MiRNAs are a group of small noncoding RNAs that bind to the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of the targeted mRNAs, thus causing mRNA degradation or the inhibition of its translation, regulating gene expression in a temporal and tissue-specific manner. However, few miRNAs have been found to play key roles in TGCTs; recently, other miRNAs have been identified, representing novel potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco De Martino
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale-CNR c/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesco Esposito
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale-CNR c/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Paolo Chieffi
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
- Address correspondence to:Paolo Chieffi, Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, 31 81100 Caserta, Italy. E-mail:
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18
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De Cicco P, Ercolano G, Ianaro A. The New Era of Cancer Immunotherapy: Targeting Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells to Overcome Immune Evasion. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1680. [PMID: 32849585 PMCID: PMC7406792 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Suppression of antitumor immune responses is one of the main mechanisms by which tumor cells escape from destruction by the immune system. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) represent the main immunosuppressive cells present in the tumor microenvironment (TME) that sustain cancer progression. MDSCs are a heterogeneous group of immature myeloid cells with a potent activity against T-cell. Studies in mice have demonstrated that MDSCs accumulate in several types of cancer where they promote invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis formation and inhibit antitumor immunity. In addition, different clinical studies have shown that MDSCs levels in the peripheral blood of cancer patients correlates with tumor burden, stage and with poor prognosis in multiple malignancies. Thus, MDSCs are the major obstacle to many cancer immunotherapies and their targeting may be a beneficial strategy for improvement the efficiency of immunotherapeutic interventions. However, the great heterogeneity of these cells makes their identification in human cancer very challenging. Since both the phenotype and mechanisms of action of MDSCs appear to be tumor-dependent, it is important to accurately characterized the precise MDSC subsets that have clinical relevance in each tumor environment to more efficiently target them. In this review we summarize the phenotype and the suppressive mechanisms of MDSCs populations expanded within different tumor contexts. Further, we discuss about their clinical relevance for cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola De Cicco
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ercolano
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Angela Ianaro
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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19
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Zhang XX, Chen H, Li HY, Chen R, He L, Yang JL, Xiao LL, Chen JL. Long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 6 aggravates pancreatic cancer through upregulation of far upstream element binding protein 1 by sponging microRNA-26a-5p. Chin Med J (Engl) 2020; 133:1211-1220. [PMID: 32433053 PMCID: PMC7249703 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly deadly malignancy with few effective therapies. We aimed to unmask the role that long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 6 (SNHG6) plays in PC cells by targeting far upstream element binding protein 1 (FUBP1) via microRNA-26a-5p (miR-26a-5p). METHODS SNHG6 expression was predicted by bioinformatics, followed by verification via reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Then, the interactions among SNHG6, miR-26a-5p, and FUBP1 were detected through online software analysis, dual luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down. After that, cells were treated with different small interfering RNAs and/or mimic to determine the interactions among SNHG6, miR-26a-5p, and FUBP1 and their roles in PC cells. Finally, the role of SNHG6 in tumor growth in vivo was evaluated by measuring the growth and weight of transplanted tumors in nude mice. A t-test, one-way and two-way analysis of variance were used for data analysis. RESULTS Compared with that in normal tissues, SNHG6 was highly expressed in PC tissues (1.00 ± 0.05 vs. 1.56 ± 0.06, t = 16.03, P < 0.001). Compared with that in human pancreatic duct epithelial cells (HPDE6-C7), SNHG6 showed the highest expression in PANC-1 cells (1.00 ± 0.06 vs. 3.87 ± 0.13, t = 34.72, P < 0.001) and the lowest expression in human pancreatic cancer cells (MIAPaCa-2) (1.00 ± 0.06 vs. 1.41 ± 0.07, t = 7.70, P = 0.0015). Compared with the levels in the si-negative control group, SNHG6 (0.97 ± 0.05 vs. 0.21 ± 0.06, t = 16.85, P < 0.001), N-cadherin (0.74 ± 0.05 vs. 0.41 ± 0.04, t = 8.93, P < 0.001), Vimentin (0.55 ± 0.04 vs. 0.25 ± 0.03, t = 10.39, P < 0.001), and β-catenin (0.62 ± 0.05 vs. 0.32 ± 0.03, t = 8.91, P < 0.001) were decreased, while E-cadherin (0.65 ± 0.06 vs. 1.36 ± 0.07, t = 13.34, P < 0.001) was increased after SNHG6 knockdown or miR-26a-5p overexpression, accompanied by inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. SNHG6 overexpression exerted the opposite effects. SNHG6 upregulated FUBP1 expression by sponging miR-26a-5p. Silencing SNHG6 blocked the growth of PC in vivo. CONCLUSION Silencing SNHG6 might ameliorate PC through inhibition of FUBP1 by sponging miR-26a-5p, thus providing further supporting evidence for its use in PC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Xing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Hui-Ying Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Lei He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Juan-Li Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Lin-Lin Xiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China
| | - Jin-Lian Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai 201499, China
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20
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HMGA1-Regulating microRNAs Let-7a and miR-26a are Downregulated in Human Seminomas. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21083014. [PMID: 32344629 PMCID: PMC7215726 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21083014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Recent studies have underlined HMGA protein’s key role in the onset of testicular germ cell tumors, where HMGA1 is differently expressed with respect to the state of differentiation, suggesting its fine regulation as master regulator in testicular tumorigenesis. Several studies have highlighted that the HMGA1 transcript is strictly regulated by a set of inhibitory microRNAs. Thus, the aim of this study is to test whether HMGA1 overexpression in human seminomas may be induced by the deregulation of miR-26a and Let-7a—two HMGA1-targeting microRNAs. Methods: HMGA1 mRNA and Let-7a and miR-26a levels were measured in a seminoma dataset available in the Cancer Genome Atlas database and confirmed in a subset of seminomas by qRT-PCR and western blot. A TCam-2 seminoma cell line was then transfected with Let-7a and miR-26a and tested for proliferation and motility abilities. Results: an inverse correlation was found between the expression of miR-26a and Let-7a and HMGA1 expression levels in seminomas samples, suggesting a critical role of these microRNAs in HMGA1 levels regulation. Accordingly, functional studies showed that miR-26a and Let-7a inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion capabilities of the human seminoma derived cell line TCam-2. Conclusions: these data strongly support that the upregulation of HMGA1 levels occurring in seminoma is—at least in part—due to the downregulation of HMGA1-targeting microRNAs.
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21
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Li J, Liu L, Zhang J, Cheng L, Ren L, Zhao Y. The expression of miR-129-5p and its target genes in the skin of goats. Anim Biotechnol 2020; 32:573-579. [PMID: 32078403 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2020.1730392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Coat color is one of the major quality traits of animals, and miR-129-5p acts as an important regulator for melanin biosynthesis in mammals. In this study, real-time PCR and western blotting were used to examine the expression of miR-129-5p and its targets genes in the skin of different coat color goats. The results showed that the expression of miR-129-5p in the skin samples of Inner Mongolia cashmere goats (IMCG) was higher than that of Dazu black goat (DBG). Also, the target genes (tyrosinase (TYR), frizzled 6 (FZD6) and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β)) of miR-129-5p was highly expressed in the skin samples of DBG. The expression of miR-129-5p firstly increased and then decreased with age in F1 hybrid generation of DBG and IMCG. In addition, the expression of TYR decreased with age, while the expression of MITF increased with age but then decreased. The expression of FZD6 and GSK3β in the skin samples of F1 of different ages were irregular. Our results indicated that miR-129-5p mainly affects the formation of coat color of goats by decreasing the expression of TYR. This study suggests that miR-129-5p can act as a suppressor in the formation of coat color to lay the foundation for studying the effect of miR-129-5p on melanin synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage and Herbivore, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilization, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Lingbin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage and Herbivore, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilization, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Jipan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage and Herbivore, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilization, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Lei Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage and Herbivore, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilization, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Lingtong Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage and Herbivore, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilization, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Yongju Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage and Herbivore, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilization, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
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22
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The miRNAs Role in Melanoma and in Its Resistance to Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030878. [PMID: 32013263 PMCID: PMC7037367 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the less common but the most malignant skin cancer. Since the survival rate of melanoma metastasis is about 10–15%, many different studies have been carried out in order to find a more effective treatment. Although the development of target-based therapies and immunotherapeutic strategies has improved chances for patient survival, melanoma treatment still remains a big challenge for oncologists. Here, we collect recent data about the emerging role of melanoma-associated microRNAs (miRNAs) currently available treatments, and their involvement in drug resistance. We also reviewed miRNAs as prognostic factors, because of their chemical stability and resistance to RNase activity, in melanoma progression. Moreover, despite miRNAs being considered small conserved regulators with the limitation of target specificity, we outline the dual role of melanoma-associated miRNAs, as oncogenic and/or tumor suppressive factors, compared to other tumors.
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23
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Role of JAK/STAT3 Signaling in the Regulation of Metastasis, the Transition of Cancer Stem Cells, and Chemoresistance of Cancer by Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Cells 2020; 9:cells9010217. [PMID: 31952344 PMCID: PMC7017057 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway plays an essential role in various types of cancers. Activation of this pathway leads to increased tumorigenic and metastatic ability, the transition of cancer stem cells (CSCs), and chemoresistance in cancer via enhancing the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT acts as a critical regulator in the progression of cancer and is involved in regulating invasion, spread, and survival. Furthermore, accumulating evidence indicates the failure of conventional therapies due to the acquisition of CSC properties. In this review, we summarize the effects of JAK/STAT3 activation on EMT and the generation of CSCs. Moreover, we discuss cutting-edge data on the link between EMT and CSCs in the tumor microenvironment that involves a previously unknown function of miRNAs, and also discuss new regulators of the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Linck-Paulus L, Hellerbrand C, Bosserhoff AK, Dietrich P. Dissimilar Appearances Are Deceptive-Common microRNAs and Therapeutic Strategies in Liver Cancer and Melanoma. Cells 2020; 9:cells9010114. [PMID: 31906510 PMCID: PMC7017070 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on miRNAs as therapeutic targets in two cancer types that were frequently described to be driven by miRNAs—melanoma and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). By focusing on common microRNAs and associated pathways in these—at first sight—dissimilar cancer types, we aim at revealing similar molecular mechanisms that are evolved in microRNA-biology to drive cancer progression. Thereby, we also want to outlay potential novel therapeutic strategies. After providing a brief introduction to general miRNA biology and basic information about HCC and melanoma, this review depicts prominent examples of potent oncomiRs and tumor-suppressor miRNAs, which have been proven to drive diverse cancer types including melanoma and HCC. To develop and apply miRNA-based therapeutics for cancer treatment in the future, it is essential to understand how miRNA dysregulation evolves during malignant transformation. Therefore, we highlight important aspects such as genetic alterations, miRNA editing and transcriptional regulation based on concrete examples. Furthermore, we expand our illustration by focusing on miRNA-associated proteins as well as other regulators of miRNAs which could also provide therapeutic targets. Finally, design and delivery strategies of miRNA-associated therapeutic agents as well as potential drawbacks are discussed to address the question of how miRNAs might contribute to cancer therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Linck-Paulus
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil-Fischer-Zentrum, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.L.-P.); (C.H.)
| | - Claus Hellerbrand
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil-Fischer-Zentrum, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.L.-P.); (C.H.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen-EMN, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anja K. Bosserhoff
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil-Fischer-Zentrum, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.L.-P.); (C.H.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen-EMN, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Correspondence: (A.K.B.); (P.D.); Tel.: +49-9131-85-24190 (A.K.B.); +49-9131-85-29384 (P.D.)
| | - Peter Dietrich
- Institute of Biochemistry, Emil-Fischer-Zentrum, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.L.-P.); (C.H.)
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Correspondence: (A.K.B.); (P.D.); Tel.: +49-9131-85-24190 (A.K.B.); +49-9131-85-29384 (P.D.)
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Babicheva A, Ayon RJ, Zhao T, Ek Vitorin JF, Pohl NM, Yamamura A, Yamamura H, Quinton BA, Ba M, Wu L, Ravellette KS, Rahimi S, Balistrieri F, Harrington A, Vanderpool RR, Thistlethwaite PA, Makino A, Yuan JXJ. MicroRNA-mediated downregulation of K + channels in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 318:L10-L26. [PMID: 31553627 PMCID: PMC6985878 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00010.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Downregulated expression of K+ channels and decreased K+ currents in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC) have been implicated in the development of sustained pulmonary vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). However, it is unclear exactly how K+ channels are downregulated in IPAH-PASMC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that are capable of posttranscriptionally regulating gene expression by binding to the 3'-untranslated regions of their targeted mRNAs. Here, we report that specific miRNAs are responsible for the decreased K+ channel expression and function in IPAH-PASMC. We identified 3 miRNAs (miR-29b, miR-138, and miR-222) that were highly expressed in IPAH-PASMC in comparison to normal PASMC (>2.5-fold difference). Selectively upregulated miRNAs are correlated with the decreased expression and attenuated activity of K+ channels. Overexpression of miR-29b, miR-138, or miR-222 in normal PASMC significantly decreased whole cell K+ currents and downregulated voltage-gated K+ channel 1.5 (KV1.5/KCNA5) in normal PASMC. Inhibition of miR-29b in IPAH-PASMC completely recovered K+ channel function and KV1.5 expression, while miR-138 and miR-222 had a partial or no effect. Luciferase assays further revealed that KV1.5 is a direct target of miR-29b. Additionally, overexpression of miR-29b in normal PASMC decreased large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa) channel currents and downregulated BKCa channel β1 subunit (BKCaβ1 or KCNMB1) expression, while inhibition of miR-29b in IPAH-PASMC increased BKCa channel activity and BKCaβ1 levels. These data indicate upregulated miR-29b contributes at least partially to the attenuated function and expression of KV and BKCa channels in PASMC from patients with IPAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Babicheva
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ramon J Ayon
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Tengteng Zhao
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Jose F Ek Vitorin
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Nicole M Pohl
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Aya Yamamura
- Kinjo Gakuin University School of Pharmacy, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hisao Yamamura
- Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Brooke A Quinton
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Manqing Ba
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Linda Wu
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Keeley S Ravellette
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Shamin Rahimi
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Francesca Balistrieri
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Angela Harrington
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Rebecca R Vanderpool
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | | | - Ayako Makino
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Section of Physiology, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Pei S, Chen J, Lu J, Hu S, Jiang L, Lei L, Ouyang Y, Fu C, Ding Y, Li S, Kang L, Huang L, Xiang H, Xiao R, Zeng Q, Huang J. The Long Noncoding RNA UCA1 Negatively Regulates Melanogenesis in Melanocytes. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 140:152-163.e5. [PMID: 31276678 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The long noncoding RNA UCA1 was first discovered in bladder cancer and is known to regulate the proliferation and migration of melanoma. However, its role in melanogenesis is unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore the role and mechanism of UCA1 in melanogenesis. Our findings showed that the expression of UCA1 was negatively correlated with melanin content in melanocytes and pigmented nevus. Overexpression of UCA1 in melanocytes decreased melanin content and the expression of melanogenesis-related genes, whereas knockdown of UCA1 in melanocytes had the opposite effect. High-throughput sequencing revealed that microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), an important transcription factor affecting melanogenesis, was also negatively correlated with the expression of UCA1. Furthermore, the transcription factor CRE-binding protein (CREB), which promotes MITF expression, was negatively regulated by UCA1. The cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathways, which are upstream of the CREB/MITF/melanogenesis axis, were activated or inhibited in response to silencing or enhancing UCA1 expression, respectively. In addition, enhanced UCA1 expression downregulates the expression of melanogenesis-related genes induced by UVB in melanocytes. In conclusion, UCA1 may negatively regulate the CREB/MITF/melanogenesis axis through inhibiting the cAMP/PKA, ERK, and JNK signaling pathways in melanocytes. UCA1 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of pigmented skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyao Pei
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jianyun Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuanghai Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Lei
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yujie Ouyang
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chuhan Fu
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yufang Ding
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Si Li
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liyang Kang
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lihua Huang
- Central Laboratory, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Xiang
- Central Laboratory, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Rong Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qinghai Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Jinhua Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Abstract
In this review, Goding and Arnheiter present the current understanding of MITF's role and regulation in development and disease and highlight key areas where our knowledge of MITF regulation and function is limited. All transcription factors are equal, but some are more equal than others. In the 25 yr since the gene encoding the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) was first isolated, MITF has emerged as a key coordinator of many aspects of melanocyte and melanoma biology. Like all transcription factors, MITF binds to specific DNA sequences and up-regulates or down-regulates its target genes. What marks MITF as being remarkable among its peers is the sheer range of biological processes that it appears to coordinate. These include cell survival, differentiation, proliferation, invasion, senescence, metabolism, and DNA damage repair. In this article we present our current understanding of MITF's role and regulation in development and disease, as well as those of the MITF-related factors TFEB and TFE3, and highlight key areas where our knowledge of MITF regulation and function is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin R Goding
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Heinz Arnheiter
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Heath, Bethesda, Maryland 20824, USA
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Gao J, Zeng K, Liu Y, Gao L, Liu L. LncRNA SNHG5 promotes growth and invasion in melanoma by regulating the miR-26a-5p/TRPC3 pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 12:169-179. [PMID: 30636880 PMCID: PMC6309782 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s184078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Melanoma has been reported as the most common malignancy in skin cancer. The small nucleolar RNA host gene 5 (SNHG5), an lncRNA, has been proven as a vital regulator in several types of carcinoma. This study was designed to investigate the detailed roles and possible mechanisms of SNHG5 in melanoma progression. METHODS Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis was conducted to detect the expression levels of SNHG5, miR-26a-5p and transient receptor potential, canonical 3 (TRPC3) mRNA in melanoma tissues and cells. CCK-8 assay was used to measure the cell viability. Flow cytometry assays were performed to determine the cell cycle distribution and apoptosis. The invasive ability was assessed by a 24-well Transwell insert. Western blot analysis was employed to evaluate the protein expression of TRPC3. Dual luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay, and RNA pull-down assay were applied to identify the interactions among SNHG5, miR-26a-5p and TRPC3. RESULTS The results showed that SNHG5 expression was increased in melanoma tumor tissues and cell lines. Higher SNHG5 expression was correlated with advanced pathogenic status. Moreover, SNHG5 could serve as a molecular sponge of miR-26a-5p. SNHG5 downregulation repressed proliferation, promoted apoptosis, and decreased invasion in melanoma cells, while these effects were greatly counteracted by miR-26a-5p inhibitor. Furthermore, miR-26a-5p directly targeted TRPC3 to suppress its expression, and this effect was aggravated following SNHG5 downregulation. Also, TRPC3 depletion exerted similar tumor-suppressive functions as SNHG5 knockdown. CONCLUSION SNHG5 promoted melanoma development by inhibiting miR-26a-5p and facilitating TRPC3 expression, highlighting the potential of SNHG5 as a novel target therapy for melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,
- Department of Dermatology, Liuzhou Worker's Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Kang Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Liuzhou Worker's Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Lin Gao
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center, The 2nd Clinical Medicine College (Shenzhen People's Hospital) of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lishi Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,
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Zhang L, Yu S. Role of miR-520b in non-small cell lung cancer. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:3987-3995. [PMID: 30402147 PMCID: PMC6200959 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of microRNA (miR)-520b in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its biological functions. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression of miR-520b in 52 cases of NSCLC tissues, and its associations with tumor clinical staging and lymph node metastasis were analyzed. miR-520b mimics was transfected into A549 and Calu-3 cells. Cell proliferation, cell cycle, and cell invasion and migration abilities were assessed via cell counting kit-8 assay, flow cytometry and Transwell chamber assay, respectively. Western blot analysis was performed to detected protein expression levels, and dual luciferase reporter assay was used to detect the gene interaction. miR-520b expression was significantly downregulated in NSCLC. The expression of miR-520b in tumor tissues at N1 stage was lower than that at the N0 stage. miR-520b expression was negatively associated with clinical TNM staging. Furthermore, miR-520b mimic transfection inhibited the proliferation and invasion and metastasis abilities of A549 and Calu-3 cells. The expression of Rab22A was downregulated in the miR-520b mimics-transfected cells, whereas E-cadherin expression was increased, and vimentin expression was downregulated. Dual luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-520b directly targeted the expression of Rab22A. Furthermore, Rab22A reversal downregulated the inhibitory effect of miR-520b. miR-520b expression was downregulated in NSCLC, which was negatively correlated with lymph node metastasis and TNM staging. miR-520b targeted on Rab22A to work as a tumor suppressor, inhibiting tumor proliferation and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Zhang
- Respiratory Department, Shandong Chest Hospital, Jinan No. 5 People's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
| | - Shuangquan Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Jinan No. 5 People's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
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Ding Q, Wang Y, Zuo Z, Gong Y, Krishnamurthy S, Li CW, Lai YJ, Wei W, Wang J, Manyam GC, Diao L, Zhang X, Lin F, Symmans WF, Sun L, Liu CG, Liu X, Debeb BG, Ueno NT, Harano K, Alvarez RH, Wu Y, Cristofanilli M, Huo L. Decreased expression of microRNA-26b in locally advanced and inflammatory breast cancer. Hum Pathol 2018; 77:121-129. [PMID: 29689244 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Advanced-stage breast cancer patients comprise a smaller proportion of breast cancer patients than do early stage patients and are more likely to experience a poor outcome. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms and identifying new biomarkers for treatment in this subgroup of patients is paramount. With the aim of identifying microRNAs that are regulated in advanced-stage breast cancer, we found lower expression of miR-26b, a member of the miR-26 family, in inflammatory breast cancer and noninflammatory locally advanced breast cancer tissue than in normal breast tissue, by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (but not in situ hybridization) also revealed lower miR-26b expression in inflammatory breast cancer than in noninflammatory locally advanced breast cancer. Furthermore, lower expression of miR-26b was correlated with shorter distant metastasis-free survival and overall survival in univariate analysis, and with shorter overall survival in multivariate analysis. The expression of miRNA-26b was inversely associated with EZH2 protein expression in several breast cancer cell lines, and overexpression and knockdown of miR-26b caused corresponding changes in EZH2 expression. Our study shows that miR-26b may regulate EZH2 expression in breast cancer and may be useful as a therapeutic target for inflammatory breast cancer and noninflammatory locally advanced breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Ding
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Zhuang Zuo
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Yun Gong
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Savitri Krishnamurthy
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Chia-Wei Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Yun-Ju Lai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Ganiraju C Manyam
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Lixia Diao
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Xinna Zhang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - William F Symmans
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Chang-Gong Liu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Xiuping Liu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Bisrat G Debeb
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Naoto T Ueno
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Kenichi Harano
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Ricardo H Alvarez
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Lei Huo
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
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31
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Yang Y, Alderman C, Sehlaoui A, Xiao Y, Wang W. MicroRNAs as Immunotherapy Targets for Treating Gastroenterological Cancers. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 2018:9740357. [PMID: 30046565 PMCID: PMC6038585 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9740357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastroenterological cancers are the most common cancers categorized by systems and are estimated to comprise 18.4% of all cancers in the United States in 2017. Gastroenterological cancers are estimated to contribute 26.2% of cancer-related death in 2017. Gastroenterological cancers are characterized by late diagnosis, metastasis, high recurrence, and being refractory to current therapies. Since the current targeted therapies provide limited benefit to the overall response and survival, there is an urgent need for developing novel therapeutic strategy to improve the outcome of gastroenterological cancers. Immunotherapy has been developed and underwent clinical trials, but displayed limited therapeutic benefit. Since aberrant expressions of miRNAs are found in gastroenterological cancers and miRNAs have been shown to regulate antitumor immunity, the combination therapy combining the traditional antibody-based immunotherapy and novel miRNA-based immunotherapy is promising for achieving clinical success. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the miRNAs and long noncoding RNAs that exhibit immunoregulatory roles in gastroenterological cancers and precancerous diseases of digestive system, as well as the miRNA-based clinical trials for gastroenterological cancers. This review also analyzes the ongoing challenge of identifying appropriate therapy candidates for complex and dynamic tumor microenvironment, ensuring efficient and targeted delivery to specific cancer tissues, and developing strategy for avoiding off-target effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Yang
- College of Natural, Applied and Health Sciences, Kean University, 100 Morris Avenue, Union, NJ 07083, USA
| | - Christopher Alderman
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado, 13001 E 17th Pl, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ayoub Sehlaoui
- Department of Biological Sciences, Emporia State University, 1 Kellogg Circle, Emporia, KS 66801, USA
| | - Yuan Xiao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Emporia State University, 1 Kellogg Circle, Emporia, KS 66801, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery III, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, China
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32
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Qi J, Liu Y, Hu K, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Zhang X. MicroRNA-26a inhibits hyperplastic scar formation by targeting Smad2. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:4332-4338. [PMID: 29731824 PMCID: PMC5920963 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a fibrotic disease in which excessive extracellular matrix forms due to the response of fibroblasts to tissue damage. Novel evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) may contribute to hypertrophic scarring; however, the role of miRNAs in HS formation remains unclear. In the present study, miR-26a was significantly downregulated in HS tissues and human HS fibroblasts (hHSFs) was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative analysis. TargetScan was used to predict that mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 (Smad2) is a potential target gene of miR-26a and a dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed that Smad2 was a target gene of miR-26a. The expression of Smad2 was upregulated in HS tissues and hHSFs. Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry analyses demonstrated that the overexpression of miR-26a significantly suppressed the proliferation ability of hHSFs and the apoptotic rate of hHSFs was significantly upregulated in response to miR-26a mimic transfection. Furthermore, the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)-associated X protein was increased and Bcl-2 expression was decreased following miR-26a mimic transfection. The expression of collagens I and III was significantly inhibited following treatment with miR-26a mimics in hHSF cells. Conversely, miR-26a inhibitors served an opposing role in hHSFs. Furthermore, Smad2 overexpression enhanced the expression of collagens I and c III; however, Smad2 silencing inhibited the expression of collagens I and c III. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that miR-26a inhibits HS formation by modulating proliferation and apoptosis ad well as inhibiting the expression of extracellular matrix-associated proteins by targeting Smad2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Qi
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Yifei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Kesu Hu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Yangyang Wu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
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33
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Wu Z, Lu B, Li X, Miao W, Li J, Shi Y, Yu W. MicroRNA-26a inhibits proliferation and tumorigenesis via targeting CKS2 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2018; 45:444-451. [PMID: 29143362 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyan Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College; Xinxiang Henan China
| | - Baocai Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College; Xinxiang Henan China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Otolaryngology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College; Xinxiang Henan China
| | - Wenjie Miao
- Department of Otolaryngology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College; Xinxiang Henan China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Otolaryngology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College; Xinxiang Henan China
| | - Yongjuan Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College; Xinxiang Henan China
| | - Wenfa Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College; Xinxiang Henan China
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34
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Zhang K, Guo L. MiR-767 promoted cell proliferation in human melanoma by suppressing CYLD expression. Gene 2018; 641:272-278. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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