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Zhang H, Wang H, An Y, Chen Z. Construction and application of adenoviral vectors. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 34:102027. [PMID: 37808925 PMCID: PMC10556817 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Adenoviral vectors have been widely used as vaccine candidates or potential vaccine candidates against infectious diseases due to the convenience of genome manipulation, their ability to accommodate large exogenous gene fragments, easy access of obtaining high-titer of virus, and high efficiency of transduction. At the same time, adenoviral vectors have also been used extensively in clinical research for cancer gene therapy and treatment of diseases caused by a single gene defect. However, application of adenovirus also faces a series of challenges such as poor targeting, strong immune response against the vector itself, and they cannot be used repeatedly. It is believed that these problems will be solved gradually with further research and technological development in related fields. Here, we review the construction methods of adenoviral vectors, including "gutless" adenovirus and discuss application of adenoviral vectors as prophylactic vaccines for infectious pathogens and their application prospects as therapeutic vaccines for cancer and other kinds of chronic infectious disease such as human papillomavirus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Zhang
- Department of Basic Research, Ab&B Bio-Tech CO., LTD. JS, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongdan Wang
- Department of Basic Research, Ab&B Bio-Tech CO., LTD. JS, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Youcai An
- Department of Basic Research, Ab&B Bio-Tech CO., LTD. JS, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ze Chen
- Department of Basic Research, Ab&B Bio-Tech CO., LTD. JS, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
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2
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Li X, Zhou J, Wang X, Li C, Ma Z, Wan Q, Peng F. New advances in the research of clinical treatment and novel anticancer agents in tumor angiogenesis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114806. [PMID: 37163782 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In 1971, Folkman proposed that tumors could be limited to very small sizes by blocking angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is the generation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels, considered to be one of the important processes in tumor growth and metastasis. Angiogenesis is a complex process regulated by various factors and involves many secreted factors and signaling pathways. Angiogenesis is important in the transport of oxygen and nutrients to the tumor during tumor development. Therefore, inhibition of angiogenesis has become an important strategy in the clinical management of many solid tumors. Combination therapies of angiogenesis inhibitors with radiotherapy and chemotherapy are often used in clinical practice. In this article, we will review common targets against angiogenesis, the most common and up-to-date anti-angiogenic drugs and clinical treatments in recent years, including active ingredients from chemical and herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jianbo Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chunxi Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zifan Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiaoling Wan
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fu Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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3
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Expression of Autoimmunity-Related Genes in Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040991. [PMID: 35205739 PMCID: PMC8870167 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The present study selected four genes strongly related to autoimmunity. Their expression was found to be significantly altered in melanoma patients according to a multi-validation procedure carried out on 1948 patients. Such genes may represent suitable molecular targets to further investigate the role autoimmunity may play in melanoma setup and development. Our data suggest that autoimmunity may play a beneficial role in melanoma set up, at least to some extent. Abstract (1) Background. Immune response dysregulation plays a key role in melanoma, as suggested by the substantial prognosis improvement observed under immune-modulation therapy. Similarly, the role of autoimmunity is under large investigation in melanoma and other cancers. (2) Methods. Expression of 98 autoimmunity-related genes was investigated in 1948 individuals (1024 melanoma and 924 healthy controls). Data were derived from four independent databases, namely, GEO in the selection phase, and Ist Online, GEPIA2 and GENT2, in three sequential validation-steps. ROC analyses were performed to measure the ability to discriminate melanoma from controls. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to combine expression data; survival analysis was carried out on the GEPIA2 platform. (3) Results. Expression levels of NOD2, BAX, IL-18 and ADRB2 were found to be significantly different in melanoma vs. controls and discriminate melanoma from controls in an extremely effective way, either as single molecules (AUC > 0.93 in all cases) or as a profile, according to the PCA analysis. Patients showing high-expression of NOD2 and of IL-18 also show a significant survival improvement as compared to low-expression patients. (4) Conclusions. Four genes strongly related to autoimmunity show a significant altered expression in melanoma samples, highlighting the role they may play in melanoma.
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Zahedipour F, Zamani P, Jamialahmadi K, Jaafari MR, Sahebkar A. Vaccines targeting angiogenesis in melanoma. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 912:174565. [PMID: 34656608 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis has a significant role in metastasis and progression of melanoma. Even small tumors may be susceptible to metastasis and hence lead to a worse outcome in patients with melanoma. One of the anti-angiogenic treatment approaches that is undergoing comprehensive study is specific immunotherapy. While tumor cells are challenging targets for immunotherapy due to their genetic instability and heterogeneity, endothelial cells (ECs) are genetically stable. Therefore, vaccines targeting angiogenesis in melanoma are appropriate choices that target both tumor cells and ECs while capable of inducing strong, anti-tumor immune responses with limited toxicity. The main targets of angiogenesis are VEGFs and their receptors but other potential targets have also been investigated, especially in preclinical studies. Various types of vaccines that target angiogenesis in melanoma have been studied including DNA, peptide, protein, dendritic cell-based, and endothelial cell vaccines. This review outlines a number of target antigens that are important for potential progress in developing vaccines for targeting angiogenesis in melanoma. We also discuss different types of vaccines that have been investigated, delivery mechanisms and popular adjuvants, and suggest ways to improve future clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Zahedipour
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Parvin Zamani
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Jamialahmadi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Wang X, Yang S, Lv X, Wang L, Li C. Overexpression of LncRNA SNHG1 Were Suitable for Oncolytic Adenoviruse H101 Therapy in Oral Squamous-Cell Carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:13033-13039. [PMID: 33376352 PMCID: PMC7762447 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s285536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As the most prevalent type of head and neck cancer, oral squamous-cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for nearly 90% of all oral cancer cases. Despite great progress having been made in the diagnosis and treatment of OSCC recently, the survival rate of OSCC patients has not risen remarkably. Chemotherapy is commonly used for OSCC treatment; however, the emergence of chemoresistance limits its long-term curative effect. Therefore, identifying effective biomarkers and molecular mechanisms is essential to the development of therapeutic strategies for OSCC. Methods qRT-PCR assays were performed to detect SNHG1 expression in OSCC tissue and cells, and CCK8 assays and animal experiments used to examine cell proliferation. In addition, CCK8 assays were used to detect IC50 values of cisplatin, 5Fu, Dox, and oncolytic adenovirus H101. Results We found that SNHG1 was overexpressed in OSCC tissue and cells and was associated with OSCC progression. In addition, knockdown of SNHG1 suppressed cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, we found that oncolytic adenovirus H101 showed better antitumor effects in OSCC with high SNHG1 expression, and chemotherapy showed worse anti-tumor effects in OSCC with high SNHG1 expression. Conclusion SNHG1 can act as a diagnostic biomarker for OSCC, and may be a biomarker for treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Plastic Maxillofacial Surgery, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin 150036, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Yang
- Department of Plastic Maxillofacial Surgery, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin 150036, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuechao Lv
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmei Li
- Department of Outpatient Stomatology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin 150036, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
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Oncolytic Adenovirus in Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113354. [PMID: 33202717 PMCID: PMC7697649 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-selective replicating "oncolytic" viruses are novel and promising tools for immunotherapy of cancer. However, despite their first success in clinical trials, previous experience suggests that currently used oncolytic virus monotherapies will not be effective enough to achieve complete tumor responses and long-term cure in a broad spectrum of cancers. Nevertheless, there are reasonable arguments that suggest advanced oncolytic viruses will play an essential role as enablers of multi-stage immunotherapies including established systemic immunotherapies. Oncolytic adenoviruses (oAds) display several features to meet this therapeutic need. oAds potently lyse infected tumor cells and induce a strong immunogenic cell death associated with tumor inflammation and induction of antitumor immune responses. Furthermore, established and versatile platforms of oAds exist, which are well suited for the incorporation of heterologous genes to optimally exploit and amplify the immunostimulatory effect of viral oncolysis. A considerable spectrum of functional genes has already been integrated in oAds to optimize particular aspects of immune stimulation including antigen presentation, T cell priming, engagement of additional effector functions, and interference with immunosuppression. These advanced concepts have the potential to play a promising future role as enablers of multi-stage immunotherapies involving adoptive cell transfer and systemic immunotherapies.
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Abstract
Tumors represent a hostile environment for the effector cells of cancer immunosurveillance. Immunosuppressive receptors and soluble or membrane-bound ligands are abundantly exposed and released by malignant entities and their stromal accomplices. As a consequence, executioners of antitumor immunity inefficiently navigate across cancer tissues and fail to eliminate malignant targets. By inducing immunogenic cancer cell death, oncolytic viruses profoundly reshape the tumor microenvironment. They trigger the local spread of danger signals and tumor-associated (as well as viral) antigens, thus attracting antigen-presenting cells, promoting the activation and expansion of lymphocytic populations, facilitating their infiltration in the tumor bed, and reinvigorating cytotoxic immune activity. The present review recapitulates key chemokines, growth factors and other cytokines that orchestrate this ballet of antitumoral leukocytes upon oncolytic virotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan G Pol
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France; Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Villejuif, France.
| | - Samuel T Workenhe
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Prathyusha Konda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Shashi Gujar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France; Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Villejuif, France; Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France; Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China; Karolinska Institute, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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8
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Chen X, Feng R, Xiong D, Yang S, Lin T. Effect of lentiviral vector-packaged interleukin-18 gene on the malignant behavior of lung cancer. Exp Ther Med 2019; 19:319-326. [PMID: 31853306 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a multifunctional cytokine that exhibits antitumor, anti-infection and immunoregulatory functions. This study aimed to investigate the effects of lentiviral vector-packaged interleukin (IL)-18 gene on the malignant behavior of lung cancer and the potential underlying molecular mechanism of IL-18 anticancer activity. Human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells transfected with human IL-18 gene-containing lentiviral expression vector were the IL-18 intervention group (group A), cells transfected with the empty lentiviral expression vector were empty vector group (group B), and cells without any intervention were the blank control group (group C). Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting were used to determine IL-18 mRNA and protein expression levels. Cell Counting Kit-8, colony-formation, flow cytometry, invasion and wound-healing assays were used to evaluate the malignant behavior of A549 cells transfected with the IL-18 lentiviral vector. The expression levels of the T helper (Th)1 cell cytokine interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and the Th2 cell cytokine IL-4 were tested by ELISA, and western blotting was used to test the expressing of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). The results demonstrated that IL-18 mRNA and protein expression levels in group A were significantly increased compared with groups B and C; the expression levels of IFN-γ in group A were higher and the expression levels of IL-4 in group A were lower compared with those in groups B and C; and the expression of NF-κB was increased in the cytoplasm and decreased in the nucleus in group A compared with groups B and C. The data indicated that, compared with the control groups, the IL-18 gene lentiviral expression vector increased the expression of IL-18, diminished A549 cell proliferative ability, enhanced apoptosis, decreased the invasive and metastatic capacities of the cells, promoted the secretion of IFN-γ, decreased the production of IL-4, reversed the imbalance of Th1/Th2 cell subsets and inhibited the nuclear activation of NF-κB, which collectively present an anti-lung cancer mechanism and deserve further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangqi Chen
- Teaching and Research Department of Respiratory Medicine, Union Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Rui Feng
- Department of Oncology Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Donglan Xiong
- Teaching and Research Department of Respiratory Medicine, Union Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Department of Oncology Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China.,Teaching and Research Department of Oncology Medicine, Union Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China.,Fujian Medical University Stem Cell Research Institute, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Tingyan Lin
- Teaching and Research Department of Respiratory Medicine, Union Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
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9
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Ribatti D. Interleukins as modulators of angiogenesis and anti-angiogenesis in tumors. Cytokine 2019; 118:3-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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10
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Pearl TM, Markert JM, Cassady KA, Ghonime MG. Oncolytic Virus-Based Cytokine Expression to Improve Immune Activity in Brain and Solid Tumors. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2019; 13:14-21. [PMID: 30997392 PMCID: PMC6453942 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Oncolytic viral therapy has gained significant traction as cancer therapy over the past 2 decades. Oncolytic viruses are uniquely designed both to lyse tumor cells through their replication and to recruit immune responses against virally infected cells. Increasingly, investigators are leveraging this immune response to target the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and improve immune effector response against bystander tumor cells. In this article, we review the spectrum of preclinical, early-stage clinical, and potential future efforts with cytokine-secreting oncolytic viruses, with a focus on the treatment of brain tumors and solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor M. Pearl
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - James M. Markert
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Kevin A. Cassady
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
- Corresponding author: Kevin A. Cassady, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
| | - Mohammed G. Ghonime
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
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Nayyar G, Chu Y, Cairo MS. Overcoming Resistance to Natural Killer Cell Based Immunotherapies for Solid Tumors. Front Oncol 2019; 9:51. [PMID: 30805309 PMCID: PMC6378304 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in the diagnostic and therapeutic modalities, the prognosis of several solid tumor malignancies remains poor. Different factors associated with solid tumors including a varied genetic signature, complex molecular signaling pathways, defective cross talk between the tumor cells and immune cells, hypoxic and immunosuppressive effects of tumor microenvironment result in a treatment resistant and metastatic phenotype. Over the past several years, immunotherapy has emerged as an attractive therapeutic option against multiple malignancies. The unique ability of natural killer (NK) cells to target cancer cells without antigen specificity makes them an ideal candidate for use against solid tumors. However, the outcomes of adoptive NK cell infusions into patients with solid tumors have been disappointing. Extensive studies have been done to investigate different strategies to improve the NK cell function, trafficking and tumor targeting. Use of cytokines and cytokine analogs has been well described and utilized to enhance the proliferation, stimulation and persistence of NK cells. Other techniques like blocking the human leukocyte antigen-killer cell receptors (KIR) interactions with anti-KIR monoclonal antibodies, preventing CD16 receptor shedding, increasing the expression of activating NK cell receptors like NKG2D, and use of immunocytokines and immune checkpoint inhibitors can enhance NK cell mediated cytotoxicity. Using genetically modified NK cells with chimeric antigen receptors and bispecific and trispecific NK cell engagers, NK cells can be effectively redirected to the tumor cells improving their cytotoxic potential. In this review, we have described these strategies and highlighted the need to further optimize these strategies to improve the clinical outcome of NK cell based immunotherapy against solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Nayyar
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Yaya Chu
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Mitchell S Cairo
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States.,Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States.,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States.,Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States.,Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
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12
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Chen X, Xiong D, Feng R, Yang S, Lin T. Antitumor activity of interleukin-18 on A549 human lung cancer cell line. J Cancer Res Ther 2019; 15:1635-1641. [DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_226_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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13
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Li Y, Xu Z, Li J, Ban S, Duan C, Liu W. Interleukin-18 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma: its role in tumor cell migration and invasion, and growth of tumor cell xenografts. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:1953-1963. [PMID: 30524946 PMCID: PMC6275252 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common head and neck malignancies. Advanced stages of the disease are associated with poor survival, highlighting a need for new treatment modalities. We previously showed that the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin‐18 (IL‐18) has a tumor suppressive role in OSCC. Here, we investigated the effects of IL‐18 on proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC cells ex vivo and in vitro, and in nude mouse xenografts. We report that expression of tankyrase 2 (TNKS2), β‐catenin, and N‐cadherin was higher in tumor cells than in normal mucosae, whereas the expression of IL‐18 and E‐cadherin was higher in normal than in tumor tissues. Elevated expression of IL‐18 (P < 0.01) and E‐cadherin (P = 0.034) was associated with tumor differentiation, whereas expression of TNKS2 (P < 0.01), β‐catenin (P = 0.012), and N‐cadherin (P < 0.01) was associated with tumor de‐differentiation. Furthermore, compared with the vector control, IL‐18 overexpression promoted tumor cell migration and invasion (P < 0.01), but inhibited growth of tumor cell xenografts (P < 0.05). At the protein level, expression levels of IL‐18 (P < 0.01), TNKS2 (P = 0.045), β‐catenin (P = 0.028), and N‐cadherin (P = 0.068) were upregulated in tumor cells after IL‐18 overexpression compared with those of the vector control mice, whereas expression levels of E‐cadherin (P = 0.045) were decreased. In conclusion, our data suggest that IL‐18 overexpression induces oral SCC cell invasion and metastasis by promoting the tumor cell epithelial–mesenchymal transition via the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Li
- Department of Dental Implantology School and Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling Changchun Jilin China
| | - Zhiming Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School and Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling Changchun Jilin China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School and Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling Changchun Jilin China
| | - Shuofeng Ban
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School and Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling Changchun Jilin China
| | - Congcong Duan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School and Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling Changchun Jilin China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School and Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling Changchun Jilin China
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Bernardini C, Zannoni A, Bertocchi M, Tubon I, Fernandez M, Forni M. Water/ethanol extract of Cucumis sativus L. fruit attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in endothelial cells. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:194. [PMID: 29941006 PMCID: PMC6019722 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2254-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background It is widely accepted the key role of endothelium in the onset of many chronic and acute vascular and cardiovascular diseases. In the last decade, traditional compounds utilized in “folk medicine” were considered with increasing interest to discover new bioactive molecules potentially effective in a wide range of diseases including cardiovascular ones. Since ancient times different parts of the Cucumis sativus L. plant were utilized in Ayurvedic medicine, among these, fruits were traditionally used to alleviate skin problem such as sunburn irritation and inflammation. The main purpose of the present research was, in a well-defined in vitro model of endothelial cells, to investigate whether a water/ethanol extract of Cucumis sativus L. (CSE) fruit can attenuate the damaging effect of pro-inflammatory lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods Cell viability, gene expression of endothelial cell markers, cytokines secretion and in vitro angiogenesis assay were performed on porcine Aortic Endothelial Cells exposed to increasing doses (0.02; 02; 2 mg/ml) of CSE in the presence of pro-inflammatory lipopolysaccharide (LPS 10 μg/ml). Results CSE reduced LPS-induced cytotoxicity and decreased the cellular detachment, restoring the expression of tight junction ZO-1. The increase of TLR4 expression induced by LPS was counterbalanced by the presence of CSE, while the protective gene Hemeoxygenase (HO)-1 was increased. Cucumis sativus L. inhibited the early robust secretion of inflammatory IL-8 and GM-CSFs, furthermore inhibition of inflammatory IL-6 and IL-1α occurred late at 7 and 24 h respectively. On the contrary, the secretion of anti-inflammatory IL-10, together with IL-18 and IFN-γ was increased. Moreover, the in vitro angiogenesis induced by inflammatory LPS was prevented by the presence of Cucunis sativus L. extract, at any doses tested. Conclusions Our results have clearly demonstrated that Cucumis sativus L. extract has attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in endothelial cells.
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Zhang T, Suryawanshi YR, Woyczesczyk HM, Essani K. Targeting Melanoma with Cancer-Killing Viruses. Open Virol J 2017; 11:28-47. [PMID: 28567163 PMCID: PMC5420172 DOI: 10.2174/1874357901711010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the deadliest skin cancer with ever-increasing incidence. Despite the development in diagnostics and therapies, metastatic melanoma is still associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) represent a class of novel therapeutic agents for cancer by possessing two closely related properties for tumor reduction: virus-induced lysis of tumor cells and induction of host anti-tumor immune responses. A variety of viruses, either in "natural" or in genetically modified forms, have exhibited a remarkable therapeutic efficacy in regressing melanoma in experimental and/or clinical studies. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of action of these viruses, which involve manipulating and targeting the abnormalities of melanoma, and can be categorized as enhancing viral tropism, targeting the tumor microenvironment and increasing the innate and adaptive antitumor responses. Additionally, this review describes the "biomarkers" and deregulated pathways of melanoma that are responsible for melanoma initiation, progression and metastasis. Advances in understanding these abnormalities of melanoma have resulted in effective targeted and immuno-therapies, and could potentially be applied for engineering OVs with enhanced oncolytic activity in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zhang
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, 49008, U.S.A
| | - Yogesh R. Suryawanshi
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, 49008, U.S.A
| | - Helene M. Woyczesczyk
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, 49008, U.S.A
| | - Karim Essani
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, 49008, U.S.A
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Yang C, Cao H, Liu N, Xu K, Ding M, Mao LJ. Oncolytic adenovirus expressing interleukin-18 improves antitumor activity of dacarbazine for malignant melanoma. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:3755-3761. [PMID: 27895465 PMCID: PMC5117872 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s115121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Conditionally replicating adenoviruses have emerged as novel therapeutic agents for cancer. This study aimed to evaluate synergistic antitumor activity of replication-competent adenovirus armed with interleukin (IL)-18 (ZD55-IL-18) and dacarbazine (DTIC) against melanoma. Melanoma A375 cells or nude mouse tumor xenografts were treated with ZD55-IL-18 alone or together with DTIC. The results showed that ZD55-IL-18 competently replicated in A375 cells and expressed IL-18, and these were not affected by DTIC. ZD55-IL-18 enhanced the cytotoxicity of DTIC accompanied by increased apoptosis. Moreover, ZD55-IL-18 and DTIC synergistically inhibited the growth but promoted the apoptosis of A375 xenografts and inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor expression and lung metastasis in xenografts of nude mice. In conclusion, this is the first study to show synergistic anticancer activity of ZD55-IL-18 and DTIC for malignant melanoma. Our results provide evidence that chemo-gene-viro therapeutic approach has greater potential for malignant cancers than conventional chemotherapy or gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Yang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Cao
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Kai Xu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Meng Ding
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Li-Jun Mao
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
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Toro Bejarano M, Merchan JR. Targeting tumor vasculature through oncolytic virotherapy: recent advances. Oncolytic Virother 2015; 4:169-81. [PMID: 27512680 PMCID: PMC4918394 DOI: 10.2147/ov.s66045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The oncolytic virotherapy field has made significant advances in the last decade, with a rapidly increasing number of early- and late-stage clinical trials, some of them showing safety and promising therapeutic efficacy. Targeting tumor vasculature by oncolytic viruses (OVs) is an attractive strategy that offers several advantages over nontargeted viruses, including improved tumor viral entry, direct antivascular effects, and enhanced antitumor efficacy. Current understanding of the biological mechanisms of tumor neovascularization, novel vascular targets, and mechanisms of resistance has allowed the development of oncolytic viral vectors designed to target tumor neovessels. While some OVs (such as vaccinia and vesicular stomatitis virus) can intrinsically target tumor vasculature and induce vascular disruption, the majority of reported vascular-targeted viruses are the result of genetic manipulation of their viral genomes. Such strategies include transcriptional or transductional endothelial targeting, "armed" viruses able to downregulate angiogenic factors, or to express antiangiogenic molecules. The above strategies have shown preclinical safety and improved antitumor efficacy, either alone, or in combination with standard or targeted agents. This review focuses on the recent efforts toward the development of vascular-targeted OVs for cancer treatment and provides a translational/clinical perspective into the future development of new generation biological agents for human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Toro Bejarano
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jaime R Merchan
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
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Xu G, Guo Y, Seng Z, Cui G, Qu J. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells co-expressing interleukin-18 and interferon-β exhibit potent antitumor effect against intracranial glioma in rats. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:1915-22. [PMID: 26252165 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are promising gene vehicles for cancer gene therapy. In our previous study, we reported that BMSCs expressing interleukin (IL)-18 effectively inhibit the growth of glioma in rats. In the present study, we further detected the effect of BMSCs co-expressing IL-18 and interferon (IFN)-β, both of which are immunostimulatory cytokines. BMSCs were genetically engineered to express IL-18 and IFN-β by transfection of recombinant lentivirus-mediated gene transfer. Results showed that BMSCs co-expressing the two cytokines displayed more significant inhibition effect on glioma cell growth in vitro when compared with BMSCs solely expressing IL-18 or IFN-β. Treatment of BMSCs co-expressing IL-18 and IFN-β significantly prolonged the survival and inhibited tumor growth in a rat intracranial glioma model. Furthermore, these genetically engineered BMSCs remarkably promoted cell apoptosis, antitumor cytokine production and CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell infiltration in intracranial glioma tissues than BMSCs solely expressing IL-18 or IFN-β. Results of the present study suggested that IL-18 and IFN-β had a synergistic effect on glioma inhibition. Moreover, results provided evidence that delivery of IL-18 and IFN-β by BMSCs may be an excellent and promising approach to develop an effective treatment protocol for glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Yanwu Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Zhujiang Hospital, South Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Seng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Gang Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Jianqiang Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
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Dwivedi S, Goel A, Khattri S, Mandhani A, Sharma P, Misra S, Pant KK. Genetic variability at promoters of IL-18 (pro-) and IL-10 (anti-) inflammatory gene affects susceptibility and their circulating serum levels: An explorative study of prostate cancer patients in North Indian populations. Cytokine 2015; 74:117-22. [PMID: 25892571 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is an important hallmark of all types of cancers with a well-established role in carcinogenesis. The net inflammatory response is determined by the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, the levels of which may be affected by the genetic make-up. Interleukin (IL)-18, a pro-inflammatory cytokine expressed by various cells including those of the prostate, is a key mediator of anti-cancer immune response. IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine associated with tumour malignancy, causes escape from immune surveillance. This study hypothesizes that genetic variants of IL-18 (-607 C/A and -137 G/T) and IL-10 (-819 C/T and -592 C/A) may influence the circulating levels of these interleukins, thereby generating susceptibility risk to prostate cancer. The study was conducted on 676 subjects (controls and patients of prostate cancer (PCa): 291 each; and 94 patients with benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH)). Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP and Real-Time PCR probe-based method. Circulating interleukin levels were obtained by ELISA. Circulating IL-18 levels were significantly elevated in cancer and BPH patients carrying GG genotypes for -137 of IL-18. The trend of circulating IL-18 levels was GG>GC>CC, observed in all groups. The -137 genetic variants of IL-18 significantly associated with PCa risk were GC, CC, and GC+CC, compared to GG (OR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.20-2.46; OR: 3.35, 95% CI: 2.03-5.53; and OR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.46-2.87, respectively). A significant association of AA and CA+AA against CC genotype was observed at -607 locus of IL-18 (OR: 0.46, 95%CI: 0.29-0.72; OR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.41-0.90, respectively). Significantly elevated levels of IL-10 were observed with TT (wild) genotype at -819 of IL-10, compared to the CC (homozygous mutant) genotype in all three groups of subjects. However, no significant association was found between IL-10 promoter genotypes and PCa risk. We conclude that genetic variants of IL-18 and IL-10 promoters influence the circulating levels of these interleukins. Variations at -137 and -607 loci of IL-18 are associated with susceptibility to PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailendra Dwivedi
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, King George Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India.
| | - Apul Goel
- Department of Urology, King George Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India
| | - Sanjay Khattri
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, King George Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India
| | - Anil Mandhani
- Department of Urology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGI), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India
| | - Sanjeev Misra
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India
| | - Kamlesh Kumar Pant
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, King George Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India
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Henan X, Toyota N, Yanjiang X, Fujita Y, Zhijun H, Touma M, Qiong W, Sugimoto K. Enhancement of phagocytosis and cytotoxicity in macrophages by tumor-derived IL-18 stimulation. BMB Rep 2014; 47:286-91. [PMID: 24286318 PMCID: PMC4163866 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2014.47.5.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inoculation of mice with the murine NFSA cell line caused the formation of large tumors with necrotic tumor cores. FACS analysis revealed accumulations of CD11b+ cells in the tumors. Microarray analysis indicated that the NFSA cells expressed a high level of the pro-inflammatory factor interleukin-18 (il-18), which is known to play a critical role in macrophages. However, little is known about the physiological function of IL-18-stimulated macrophages. Here, we provide direct evidence that IL-18 enhances the phagocytosis of RAW264 cells and peritoneal macrophages, accompanied by the increased expression of tumor necrosis factor (tnf-α), interleukin-6 (il-6) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (Nos2). IL-18-stimulated RAW264 cells showed an enhanced cytotoxicity to endothelial F-2 cells via direct cell-to-cell interaction and the secretion of soluble mediators. Taken together, our results demonstrate that tumor-derived IL-18 plays an important role in the phagocytosis of macrophages and that IL-18-stimulated macrophages may damage tumor endothelial cells. [BMB Reports 2014; 47(5): 286-291]
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Henan
- Department of Cell Science, Faculty of Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Naoka Toyota
- Department of Cell Science, Faculty of Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Xing Yanjiang
- Department of Cell Science, Faculty of Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Yuuki Fujita
- Department of Cell Science, Faculty of Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Huang Zhijun
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Maki Touma
- Department of Cell Science, Faculty of Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Wu Qiong
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Kenkichi Sugimoto
- Department of Cell Science, Faculty of Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
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Kent A, Blander JM. Nod-like receptors: key molecular switches in the conundrum of cancer. Front Immunol 2014; 5:185. [PMID: 24795727 PMCID: PMC4005929 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It is believed the immune system can contribute to oncogenic transformation especially in settings of chronic inflammation, be activated during immunosurveillance to destroy early neoplastic cells before they undergo malignant outgrowth, and finally, can assist growth of established tumors by preventing clearance, remodeling surrounding tissue, and promoting metastatic events. These seemingly opposing roles of the immune system at the different stages of cancer development must all be mediated by innate signaling mechanisms that regulate the overall state of immune activation. Recently, the cytosolic nod-like receptor (NLR) pathway of innate immunity has gained a lot of attention in the tumor immunology field due to its known involvement in promoting inflammation and immunity, and conversely, in regulating tissue repair processes. In this review, we present all the current evidence for NLR involvement in the different stages of neoplasia to understand how a single molecular pathway can contribute to conflicting immunological interactions with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kent
- Immunology Institute, Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Biological Sciences , New York, NY , USA
| | - J Magarian Blander
- Immunology Institute, Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Biological Sciences , New York, NY , USA ; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY , USA
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Palma G, Barbieri A, Bimonte S, Palla M, Zappavigna S, Caraglia M, Ascierto PA, Ciliberto G, Arra C. Interleukin 18: friend or foe in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2013; 1836:296-303. [PMID: 24120852 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2013.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In the last few years, the field of tumor immunology has significantly expanded and its boundaries, never particularly clear, have become less distinct. Although the immune system plays an important role in controlling tumor growth, it has also become clear that tumor growth can be promoted by inflammatory immune responses. A good example that exemplifies the ambiguous role of the immune system in cancer progression is represented by interleukin 18 (IL-18) that was first identified as an interferon-γ-inducing factor (IGIF) involved in T helper type-1 (Th1) immune response. The expression and secretion of IL-18 have been observed in various cell types from immune cells to circulating cancer cells. In this review we highlighted the multiple roles played by IL-18 in immune regulation, cancer progression and angiogenesis and the clinical potential that may result from such understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Palma
- Struttura Semplice Dipartimentale Sperimentazione Animale, Istituto Nazionale per lo studio e la cura dei tumori "Fondazione Giovanni Pascale" - IRCCS, Italy; Istituto Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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Shi HS, Yang LP, Wei W, Su XQ, Li XP, Li M, Luo ST, Zhang HL, Lu L, Mao YQ, Kan B, Yang L. Systemically administered liposome-encapsulated Ad-PEDF potentiates the anti-cancer effects in mouse lung metastasis melanoma. J Transl Med 2013; 11:86. [PMID: 23552524 PMCID: PMC3637821 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-11-86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of adenoviral vector for gene therapy is still an important strategy for advanced cancers, however, the lack of the requisite coxsackie-adenovirus receptor in cancer cells and host immune response to adenovirus limit the application of adenoviral vector in vivo. METHOD We designed the antiangiogenic gene therapy with recombinant PEDF adenovirus (Ad-PEDF) encapsulated in cationic liposome (Ad-PEDF/Liposome), and investigated the anti-tumor efficacy of Ad-PEDF/Liposome complex on inhibition of tumor metastasis. RESULTS We found that systemic administration of Ad-PEDF/liposome was well tolerated and resulted in marked suppression of tumor growth, and was more potent than uncoated Ad-PEDF to induce apoptosis in B16-F10 melanoma cells and inhibit murine pulmonary metastases in vivo. After Ad-luciferase was encapsulated with liposome, its distribution decreased in liver and increased in lung. The anti-Ad IgG level of Ad-PEDF/Liposome was significantly lower than Ad-PEDF used alone. CONCLUSION The present findings provide evidences of systematic administration of cationic liposome-encapsulated Ad-PEDF in pulmonary metastatic melanoma mice model, and show an encouraging therapeutic effect for further exploration and application of more complexes based on liposome-encapsulated adenovirus for more cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-shan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Clinical Medicine School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
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Angarita FA, Acuna SA, Ottolino-Perry K, Zerhouni S, McCart JA. Mounting a strategic offense: fighting tumor vasculature with oncolytic viruses. Trends Mol Med 2013; 19:378-92. [PMID: 23540715 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2013.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 02/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Blood supply within a tumor drives progression and ultimately allows for metastasis. Many anticancer therapies target tumor vasculature, but their individual effectiveness is limited because they induce indirect cell death. Agents that disrupt nascent and/or established tumor vasculature while simultaneously killing cancer cells would certainly have a greater impact. Oncolytic virotherapy utilizes attenuated viruses that replicate specifically within a tumor. They induce cytotoxicity through a combination of direct cell lysis, antitumor immune stimulation, and recently identified antitumor vascular effects. This review summarizes the novel preclinical and clinical evidence regarding the antitumor vascular effects of oncolytic viruses, which include infection and lysis of tumor endothelial cells, natural or genetically engineered antiangiogenic properties, and combination therapy with clinically approved antivascular agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando A Angarita
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M1 Canada
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25
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Choi IK, Yun CO. Recent developments in oncolytic adenovirus-based immunotherapeutic agents for use against metastatic cancers. Cancer Gene Ther 2013; 20:70-6. [PMID: 23306610 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2012.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Recurrent or metastatic cancer in most cases remains an incurable disease, and thus alternative treatment strategies, such as oncolytic virotherapy, are of great interest for clinical application. Oncolytic adenoviruses (Ads) have many advantages as virotherapeutic agents and have been safely employed in the clinics. However, the efficacy of oncolytic Ads is insufficient to eradicate tumors and current clinical applications are restricted to local administration against primary tumors because of immunological obstacles and poor tumor-cell targeting. Thus, alternative viable approaches are needed to establish therapies based on oncolytic Ad that will eliminate both primary and metastatic cancers. To this end, rational design of oncolytic Ads that express immunostimulatory genes has been employed. Even when restricted to local viral delivery, these oncolytic Ad-based immunotherapeutics have been shown to exert systemic antitumor immunity and result in eradication of both primary and metastatic cancers. Moreover, oncolytic Ad-based immunotherapeutics in combination with either dendritic cell-based vaccine or radiotherapy further strengthen the systemic tumor-specific immunity, resulting in complete suppression of both local and distant tumor metastatic growth. This review will focus on the most recent updates in strategies to develop potent oncolytic Ad-based immunotherapeutics for use in cancer gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-K Choi
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
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Hiss DC, Fielding BC. Optimization and preclinical design of genetically engineered viruses for human oncolytic therapy. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2012; 12:1427-47. [PMID: 22788715 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2012.707183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oncolytic viruses (OVs) occupy a strategic niche in the dynamic era of biological and gene therapy of human cancers. However, the use of OVs is the subject of close scrutiny due to impediments such as the insufficiency of patient generalizations posed by heterogeneous tumor responses to treatment, inherent or potentially lethal viral pathogenicities, unanticipated host- or immune-related adverse effects, and the emergence of virus-resistant cancer cells. These challenges can be overcome by the design and development of more definitive (optimized, targeted, and individualized) cancer virotherapeutics. AREAS COVERED The translation of current knowledge and recent innovations into rational treatment prospects hinges on an iterative loop of variables pertaining to genetically engineered viral oncolytic efficacy and safety profiles, mechanism-of-action data, potencies of synergistic oncolytic viral combinations with conventional tumor, immuno-, chemo-, and radiation treatment modalities, optimization of the probabilities of treatment successes in heterogeneous (virus-sensitive and -resistant) tumor cell populations by mathematical modeling, and lessons learned from preclinical studies and human clinical trials. EXPERT OPINION In recent years, it has become increasingly clear that proof-of-principle is critical for the preclinical optimization of oncolytic viruses to target heterogeneous forms of cancer and to prioritize current concerns related to the efficacy and safety of oncolytic virotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donavon C Hiss
- University of the Western Cape, Department of Medical Biosciences, Molecular Oncology Research Laboratory, Bellville, 7535, South Africa.
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Inflammasomes as molecular mediators of inflammation and cancer: Potential role in melanoma. Cancer Lett 2012; 314:24-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Revised: 10/02/2011] [Accepted: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Demian SR, Hamdy M, Ali IM. The regulatory effects of interleukin-12 on interleukin-18 and interferon-γ production in Egyptian breast cancer patients. ALEXANDRIA JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajme.2011.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Soheir R. Demian
- Immunology Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Mona Hamdy
- Immunology Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Inas M. Ali
- Cancer Management and Research, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Egypt
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Nie Y, Zhang ZR, He B, Gu Z. Investigation of PEG-PLGA-PEG nanoparticles-based multipolyplexes for IL-18 gene delivery. J Biomater Appl 2011; 26:893-916. [PMID: 21273262 DOI: 10.1177/0885328210384889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles were formulated with biodegradable monomethoxy (poly ethylene glycol)-poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-monomethoxy (poly ethylene glycol) of three different proportional (PEG-PLGA-PEG, lactic acid: glycolic acid = 80/20, 70/30, 50/50) and the cytotoxicity of nanoparticle was characterized according to US Pharmacopoeia XXIII recommendations on various cell lines, including L929, Chang's hepatocytes, primary mouse myoblasts, osteoblasts, and renal vascular endothelial cells. mIL-18 gene was first condensed by polycationic peptide polylysine (PLL), and then encapsulated in the PEG-PLGA-PEG NPs as a novel multi-polyplex gene delivery system - Polymer-PLL-DNA. (PPDs) After lyopholization, the morphology, particle size, zeta potential, and the integrity of DNA in the NPs were investigated. The expression of mIL-18 gene on CT-26 cells in vitro were determined by western blot, while in vivo efficacy was evaluated by tumor inhibition rate, histological section, and survival curve in pulmonary metastasis of colon cancer in BALB/c mice model. Results showed that the cytotoxicity of blank nanoparticles was related to the degradation properties of the polymers with different compositions. The NPs with LA:GA = 70/30 (NPs-73) was optimal for intravenous injection due to its low cytotoxicity. Physicochemical properties of the PPDs were not changed during the lyopholization, while mIL-18 was successfully expressed in vitro. The anti-tumor efficacy in vivo of PPDs showed improvement especially combined with chemotherapy of cisplatin, and confirmed the promising application of the PPDs system, which compared with any single treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Nie
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Pei DS, Zheng JN. Oncolytic adenoviruses expressing interleukin: a novel antitumour approach. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2010; 10:917-26. [DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2010.481668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Boisgerault N, Tangy F, Gregoire M. New perspectives in cancer virotherapy: bringing the immune system into play. Immunotherapy 2010; 2:185-99. [DOI: 10.2217/imt.10.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite constant advances in medically orientated cancer studies, conventional treatments by surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy remain partly ineffective against numerous cancers. Oncolytic virotherapy – the use of replication-competent viruses that specifically target tumor cells – has opened up new perspectives for improved treatment of these pathologies. Certain viruses demonstrate a natural, preferential tropism for tumor cells, while others can be genetically modified to show such an effect. Several of these viruses have already been used in preclinical and clinical trials in different tumor models; these studies have provided encouraging results and, thus, confirm the growing interest presented by this therapeutic strategy. The role of the immune system in the efficacy of cancer virotherapy has been poorly documented for a long time; however, several recent reports have presented evidence of synergistic effects between both direct viral oncolysis and the activation of specific, anti-tumor immune responses. These findings offer an exciting outlook for the future of cancer virotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Boisgerault
- Inserm, U892, CRCNA, IRTUN, 8 quai Moncousu, BP70721, 44007 Nantes Cedex 1, France
| | - Frédéric Tangy
- Pasteur Institute, LGVV, 28 rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Marc Gregoire
- Inserm, U892, CRCNA, IRTUN, 8 quai Moncousu, BP70721, 44007 Nantes Cedex 1, France
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Abstract
Targeted therapy of cancer using oncolytic viruses has generated much interest over the past few years in the light of the limited efficacy and side effects of standard cancer therapeutics for advanced disease. In 2006, the world witnessed the first government-approved oncolytic virus for the treatment of head and neck cancer. It has been known for many years that viruses have the ability to replicate in and lyse cancer cells. Although encouraging results have been demonstrated in vitro and in animal models, most oncolytic viruses have failed to impress in the clinical setting. The explanation is multifactorial, determined by the complex interactions between the tumor and its microenvironment, the virus, and the host immune response. This review focuses on discussion of the obstacles that oncolytic virotherapy faces and recent advances made to overcome them, with particular reference to adenoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Hsi Wong
- Centre for Molecular Oncology and Imaging, Institute of Cancer, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; E-Mails: (H.H.W.); (N.R.L.)
| | - Nicholas R. Lemoine
- Centre for Molecular Oncology and Imaging, Institute of Cancer, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; E-Mails: (H.H.W.); (N.R.L.)
- Sino-British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yaohe Wang
- Centre for Molecular Oncology and Imaging, Institute of Cancer, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; E-Mails: (H.H.W.); (N.R.L.)
- Sino-British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +44-2078823596, Fax: +44-2078823884
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