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Douguet L, Fert I, Lopez J, Vesin B, Le Chevalier F, Moncoq F, Authié P, Nguyen T, Noirat A, Névo F, Blanc C, Bourgine M, Hardy D, Anna F, Majlessi L, Charneau P. Full eradication of pre-clinical human papilloma virus-induced tumors by a lentiviral vaccine. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e17723. [PMID: 37675835 PMCID: PMC10565635 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202317723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are the cause of all cervical and numerous oropharyngeal and anogenital cancers. The currently available HPV vaccines, which induce neutralizing antibodies, have no therapeutic effect on established tumors. Here, we developed an immuno-oncotherapy against HPV-induced tumors based on a non-integrative lentiviral vector encoding detoxified forms of the Early E6 and E7 oncoproteins of HPV16 and 18 genotypes, namely, "Lenti-HPV-07". A single intramuscular injection of Lenti-HPV-07 into mice bearing established HPV-induced tumors resulted in complete tumor eradication in 100% of the animals and was also effective against lung metastases. This effect correlated with CD8+ T-cell induction and profound remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. In the intra-tumoral infiltrates of vaccinated mice, the presence of large amounts of activated effector, resident memory, and transcription factor T cell factor-1 (TCF-1)+ "stem-like" CD8+ T cells was associated with full tumor eradication. The Lenti-HPV-07-induced immunity was long-lasting and prevented tumor growth after a late re-challenge, mimicking tumor relapse. Lenti-HPV-07 therapy synergizes with an anti-checkpoint inhibitory treatment and therefore shows promise as an immuno-oncotherapy against established HPV-mediated malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laëtitia Douguet
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Ingrid Fert
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Jodie Lopez
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Benjamin Vesin
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Fabien Le Chevalier
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Fanny Moncoq
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Pierre Authié
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Trang‐My Nguyen
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Amandine Noirat
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Fabien Névo
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Catherine Blanc
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Maryline Bourgine
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - David Hardy
- Histopathology Platform, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - François Anna
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Laleh Majlessi
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Pierre Charneau
- Virology Department, Pasteur‐TheraVectys Joint Lab, Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
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Sadr-Momtaz S, Aftabi M, Behboudi E, Naderi M, Hashemzadeh-Omran A, Moradi A. NSP4 as adjuvant for immunogenicity and design of effective therapeutic HPV16 E6/E7/L1 DNA vaccine in tumor-bearing and healthy C57BL/6 mice. BMC Res Notes 2023; 16:164. [PMID: 37550734 PMCID: PMC10408056 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-023-06445-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In humans, approximately 5% of all cancers are attributable to HPV infection. Prophylactic vaccines can inhibit viral migration and persistence. However, further studies are still required to develop such treatments. To achieve this goal, we designed a therapeutic HPV DNA vaccine encoding a construct of E6/E7/L1 and used NSP4 antigen as an adjuvant to assess the efficiency of this construct in generating antigen-specific antitumor immune responses. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty female C57BL/6 mice (6-8 weeks old) were purchased from the Institute Pasteur of Iran. Through a subcutaneous (s.c) injection of a suspension of 100 µl PBS containing 106 TC-1 cells/mouse in the back side, 30 of them became cancerous, while 30 of them were healthy control mice. To amplify E6/E7/L1-pcDNA3 and NSP4-pcDNA3, the competent cells of DH5α and to generate a tumor, TC-1 cell line was used. Mice were then immunized with the HPV DNA vaccine. Cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay. Finally, cytokine responses (IL-4, IL-12, IFN- γ) were measured in the supernatant of mice spleen cells. RESULT Mice receiving the NSP4/E6-E7-L1 vaccine had the highest stimulatory index compared to other groups, although it was not statistically significant. Interleukin 4/12 and IFN-γ production were significantly higher in E6-E7-L1 / NSP4 group and E6-E7-L1 group compared to other groups (P < 0.05). Among different groups, E6/E7/L1 + NSP4 group was able to slow down the tumor growth process, but it was not significant (p > 0.05). Among the aforementioned cytokines, IFN-γ and IL-12 are among the cytokines that stimulate the Th1 pathway and IL-4 cytokine stimulates the Th2 pathway and B lymphocytes. CONCLUSION Our data revealed that the present vaccine can reduce tumor size, and cytokine measurement showed that it stimulates innate and acquired immune responses, thus it can be a therapeutic vaccine in the tumor-bearing mice model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Sadr-Momtaz
- Department of Microbiology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Maryam Aftabi
- Department of Microbiology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Emad Behboudi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
| | - Malihe Naderi
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | | | - Abdolvahab Moradi
- Department of Microbiology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
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Boilesen DR, Neckermann P, Willert T, Müller MD, Schrödel S, Pertl C, Thirion C, Asbach B, Wagner R, Holst PJ. Efficacy and Synergy with Cisplatin of an Adenovirus Vectored Therapeutic E1E2E6E7 Vaccine against HPV Genome-Positive C3 Cancers in Mice. Cancer Immunol Res 2023; 11:261-275. [PMID: 36534088 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-22-0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are the main cause of cervical and oropharyngeal cancers. As prophylactic vaccines have no curative effect, an efficient therapy would be highly desired. Most therapeutic vaccine candidates target only a small subset of HPV regulatory proteins, namely, E6 and E7, and are therefore restricted in the breadth of their immune response. However, research has suggested E1 and E2 as promising targets to fight HPV+ cancer. Here, we report the design of adenoviral vectors efficiently expressing HPV16 E1 and E2 in addition to transformation-deficient E6 and E7. Vaccination elicited vigorous CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses against all encoded HPV16 proteins in outbred mice and against E1 and E7 in C57BL/6 mice. Therapeutic vaccination of C3 tumor-bearing mice led to significantly reduced tumor growth and enhanced survival for both small and established tumors. Tumor biopsies revealed increased numbers of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells in treated mice. Cisplatin enhanced the effect of therapeutic vaccination, accompanied by enhanced infiltration of dendritic cells into the tumor. CD8+ T cells were identified as effector cells in T-cell depletion assays, seemingly under regulation by FoxP3+CD4+ regulatory T cells. Finally, therapeutic vaccination with Ad-Ii-E1E2E6E7 exhibited significantly enhanced survival compared with vaccination with two peptides each harboring a known E6/E7 epitope. We hypothesize that this difference could be due to the induction of additional T-cell responses against E1. These results support the use of this novel vaccine candidate targeting an extended set of antigens (Ad-Ii-E1E2E6E7), in combination with cisplatin, as an advanced strategy to combat HPV+ cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ditte Rahbæk Boilesen
- Centre for Medical Parasitology, The Panum Institute, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,InProTher ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Patrick Neckermann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Molecular Microbiology (Virology), University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Mikkel Dons Müller
- Centre for Medical Parasitology, The Panum Institute, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,InProTher ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Benedikt Asbach
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Molecular Microbiology (Virology), University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Wagner
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Molecular Microbiology (Virology), University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter Johannes Holst
- Centre for Medical Parasitology, The Panum Institute, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,InProTher ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Wu Y, Zhang Z, Wei Y, Qian Z, Wei X. Nanovaccines for cancer immunotherapy: Current knowledge and future perspectives. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.108098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Ge Y, Zhang Y, Zhao KN, Zhu H. Emerging Therapeutic Strategies of Different Immunotherapy Approaches Combined with PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade in Cervical Cancer. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:3055-3070. [PMID: 36110399 PMCID: PMC9470119 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s374672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Ge
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kong-Nan Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Haiyan Zhu, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, No. 2699 Gaokexi Road, Shanghai, 200092, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13758465255, Email
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Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world, which is the second after heart diseases. Adenoviruses (Ads) have become the promise of new therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. The objective of this review is to discuss current advances in the applications of adenoviral vectors in cancer therapy. Adenoviral vectors can be engineered in different ways so as to change the tumor microenvironment from cold tumor to hot tumor, including; 1. by modifying Ads to deliver transgenes that codes for tumor suppressor gene (p53) and other proteins whose expression result in cell cycle arrest 2. Ads can also be modified to express tumor specific antigens, cytokines, and other immune-modulatory molecules. The other strategy to use Ads in cancer therapy is to use oncolytic adenoviruses, which directly kills tumor cells. Gendicine and Advexin are replication-defective recombinant human p53 adenoviral vectors that have been shown to be effective against several types of cancer. Gendicine was approved for treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck by the Chinese Food and Drug Administration (FDA) agency in 2003 as a first-ever gene therapy product. Oncorine and ONYX-015 are oncolytic adenoviral vectors that have been shown to be effective against some types of cancer. The Chiness FDA agency has also approved Oncorin for the treatment of head and neck cancer. Ads that were engineered to express immune-stimulatory cytokines and other immune-modulatory molecules such as TNF-α, IL-2, BiTE, CD40L, 4-1BBL, GM-CSF, and IFN have shown promising outcome in treatment of cancer. Ads can also improve therapeutic efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cell therapy (Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells). In addition, different replication-deficient adenoviral vectors (Ad5-CEA, Ad5-PSA, Ad-E6E7, ChAdOx1-MVA and Ad-transduced Dendritic cells) that were tested as anticancer vaccines have been demonstrated to induce strong antitumor immune response. However, the use of adenoviral vectors in gene therapy is limited by several factors such as pre-existing immunity to adenoviral vectors and high immunogenicity of the viruses. Thus, innovative strategies must be continually developed so as to overcome the obstacles of using adenoviral vectors in gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sintayehu Tsegaye Tseha
- Lecturer of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
- Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Development of a Spontaneous HPV16 E6/E7-Expressing Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in HLA-A2 Transgenic Mice. mBio 2022; 13:e0325221. [PMID: 35089069 PMCID: PMC8725581 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03252-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a growing global health problem. HPV16 has been attributed to a majority of HPV-associated HNSCCs. In order to test candidate immunotherapies, we developed a spontaneous HPV16-driven HNSCC model in HLA-A2 (AAD) transgenic mice. We sought to eliminate the confounding effects of dominant HPV antigen presentation through murine major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) via epitope mutagenesis (without compromising tumorigenicity). We generated HPV16 E6(R55K)(delK75) and E7(N53S) expression constructs with mutations in known dominant H-2Db epitopes and characterized their presentation through murine and human MHC-I molecules using in vitro and in vivo activation of HPV16 E6/E7 antigen-specific CD8+ T cells. In addition, we tested the ability of E6(R55K)(delK75) and E7(N53S) for oncogenicity. The mutated E7(N53S) abolished the presentation of murine H-2Db-restricted HPV16 E7 peptide (i.e., amino acids [aa] 49 to 57) cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitope and resulted in HLA-A2-restricted presentation of the HPV16 E7 (aa 11 to 20)-specific CTL epitope. The mutated E6(R55K)(delK75) abolished the activation of murine MHC-I-restricted E6-specific CD8+ T cell-mediated immune responses in C57BL/6 mice. In addition, the vaccination led to the activation of human HLA-A2-restricted E6-specific CD8+ T cell-mediated immune responses in HLA-A2 (AAD) transgenic mice. Injection of DNA plasmids encoding LucE7(N53S)E6(R55K)(delK75), AKT, c-Myc, and SB100 followed by electroporation results in development of squamous cell carcinoma in the oral/pharyngeal cavity of all of the HLA-A2 (AAD) transgenic mice (5/5), with 2/5 tumor-bearing mice developing metastatic carcinoma in the neck lymph nodes. IMPORTANCE Our data indicate that mutated HPV16 E6(R55K)(delK75) and mutated HPV16 E7(N53S) DNA abolishes the presentation of HPV16 E6 and E7 through murine MHC-I and results in their presentation through human HLA-A2 molecules. Additionally, the mutated HPV16 E6 and E7 remain oncogenic. Our approach is potentially applicable to different human MHC-I transgenic mice for the identification of human MHC-I restricted HPV16 E6/E7-specific CTL epitopes as well as the generation of spontaneous HPV E6/E7-expressing oral/pharyngeal carcinoma.
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8
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Neckermann P, Boilesen DR, Willert T, Pertl C, Schrödel S, Thirion C, Asbach B, Holst PJ, Wagner R. Design and Immunological Validation of Macaca fascicularis Papillomavirus Type 3 Based Vaccine Candidates in Outbred Mice: Basis for Future Testing of a Therapeutic Papillomavirus Vaccine in NHPs. Front Immunol 2021; 12:761214. [PMID: 34777375 PMCID: PMC8581358 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.761214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are causative for cervical neoplasia and carcinomas. Despite the availability of prophylactic vaccines, morbidity and mortality induced by HPV are still too high. Thus, an efficient therapy, such as a therapeutic vaccine, is urgently required. Herein, we describe the development and validation of Macaca fascicularis papillomavirus type 3 (MfPV3) antigens delivered via nucleic-acid and adenoviral vectors in outbred mouse models. Ten artificially fused polypeptides comprising early viral regulatory proteins were designed and optionally linked to the T cell adjuvant MHC-II-associated invariant chain. Transfected HEK293 cells and A549 cells transduced with recombinant adenoviruses expressing the same panel of artificial antigens proved proper and comparable expression, respectively. Immunization of outbred CD1 and OF1 mice led to CD8+ and CD4+ T cell responses against MfPV3 antigens after DNA- and adenoviral vector delivery. Moreover, in vivo cytotoxicity of vaccine-induced CD8+ T cells was demonstrated in BALB/c mice by quantifying specific killing of transferred peptide-pulsed syngeneic target cells. The use of the invariant chain as T cell adjuvant enhanced the T cell responses regarding cytotoxicity and in vitro analysis suggested an accelerated turnover of the antigens as causative. Notably, the fusion-polypeptide elicited the same level of T-cell responses as administration of the antigens individually, suggesting no loss of immunogenicity by fusing multiple proteins in one vaccine construct. These data support further development of the vaccine candidates in a follow up efficacy study in persistently infected Macaca fascicularis monkeys to assess their potential to eliminate pre-malignant papillomavirus infections, eventually instructing the design of an analogous therapeutic HPV vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Neckermann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology & Hygiene, Molecular Microbiology (Virology), University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ditte Rahbaek Boilesen
- Centre for Medical Parasitology, the Panum Institute, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- InProTher APS, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | - Benedikt Asbach
- Institute of Medical Microbiology & Hygiene, Molecular Microbiology (Virology), University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter Johannes Holst
- Centre for Medical Parasitology, the Panum Institute, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- InProTher APS, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ralf Wagner
- Institute of Medical Microbiology & Hygiene, Molecular Microbiology (Virology), University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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9
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Powell SF, Vu L, Spanos WC, Pyeon D. The Key Differences between Human Papillomavirus-Positive and -Negative Head and Neck Cancers: Biological and Clinical Implications. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5206. [PMID: 34680354 PMCID: PMC8533896 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a unique malignancy associated with two distinct risk factors: exposure to typical carcinogens and infection of human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV encodes the potent oncoproteins E6 and E7, which bypass many important oncogenic processes and result in cancer development. In contrast, HPV-negative HNSCC is developed through multiple mutations in diverse oncogenic driver genes. While the risk factors associated with HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCCs are discrete, HNSCC patients still show highly complex molecular signatures, immune infiltrations, and treatment responses even within the same anatomical subtypes. Here, we summarize the current understanding of biological mechanisms, treatment approaches, and clinical outcomes in comparison between HPV-positive and -negative HNSCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven F. Powell
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA;
| | - Lexi Vu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
| | - William C. Spanos
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA;
| | - Dohun Pyeon
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
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10
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Dual Role of the PTPN13 Tyrosine Phosphatase in Cancer. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10121659. [PMID: 33322542 PMCID: PMC7763032 DOI: 10.3390/biom10121659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review article, we present the current knowledge on PTPN13, a class I non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase identified in 1994. We focus particularly on its role in cancer, where PTPN13 acts as an oncogenic protein and also a tumor suppressor. To try to understand these apparent contradictory functions, we discuss PTPN13 implication in the FAS and oncogenic tyrosine kinase signaling pathways and in the associated biological activities, as well as its post-transcriptional and epigenetic regulation. Then, we describe PTPN13 clinical significance as a prognostic marker in different cancer types and its impact on anti-cancer treatment sensitivity. Finally, we present future research axes following recent findings on its role in cell junction regulation that implicate PTPN13 in cell death and cell migration, two major hallmarks of tumor formation and progression.
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11
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Sunthamala N, Sankla N, Chuerduangphui J, Swangphon P, Boontun W, Ngaochaiyaphum S, Wongjampa W, Ekalaksananan T, Pientong C. Enhancement of specific T-lymphocyte responses by monocyte-derived dendritic cells pulsed with E2 protein of human papillomavirus 16 and human p16INK4A. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9213. [PMID: 32509466 PMCID: PMC7245333 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Prophylactic vaccines are already available for prevention of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. However, we still await development of therapeutic vaccines with high efficiency for stimulating specific T lymphocytes to clear HPV infection. Objective This study investigates the potential for subunits of human p16INK4a protein and E2 protein of HPV16 to stimulate dendritic cells and enhance the specific response of T lymphocytes against HPV-infected cells. Methodology Immunogenic epitopes of HPV16 E2 and p16INK4a proteins were predicted through the common HLA class I and II alleles present in the Thai population. Then, monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDCs) were pulsed with HPV16 E2 and/or p16INK4a protein s and their maturity assessed. MDCs pulsed with either or both of these proteins at optimal concentrations were used for activation of autologous T lymphocytes and IFN-γ production was measured for specific response function. Results HPV16 E2 and p16INK4a proteins contain various immunogenic epitopes which can be presented by antigen-presenting cells via both HLA class I and II molecules. The stimulation of MDCs with either HPV16 E2 or p16INK4a proteins increased percentages and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD83+ MDCs in a dose-dependent manner. An optimum concentration of 250 ng/mL and 150 ng/mL of HPV16 E2 and p16INK4a proteins, respectively, stimulated MDCs via the MAPK pathway (confirmed by use of MAPK inhibitors). T lymphocytes could be activated by MDCs pulsed with these proteins, leading to high percentages of both CD4+ IFN-γ+ T lymphocytes and CD8+ IFN-γ+ T lymphocytes. The production of IFN-γ was higher in co-cultures containing MDCs pulsed with HPV16 E2 protein than those pulsed with p16INK4a. Interestingly, MDCs pulsed with a combination of HPV16 E2 and p16INK4a significantly increased IFN-γ production of T lymphocytes. The IFN-γ production was inhibited by both HLA class I and II blockade, particularly in co-cultures with MDCs pulsed with a combination of HPV16 E2 and p16INK4a. Conclusions This suggests that MDCs pulsed with both proteins enhances specific response of both CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. This study might provide a strategy for further in vivo study of stimulation of T lymphocytes for therapy of HPV-associated cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuchsupha Sunthamala
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand.,HPV&EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Neeranuch Sankla
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand
| | - Jureeporn Chuerduangphui
- HPV&EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Piyawut Swangphon
- HPV&EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Faculty of Medical Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkla, Thailand
| | - Wanchareeporn Boontun
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand
| | | | - Weerayut Wongjampa
- HPV&EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Tipaya Ekalaksananan
- HPV&EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chamsai Pientong
- HPV&EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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12
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Sato-Dahlman M, LaRocca CJ, Yanagiba C, Yamamoto M. Adenovirus and Immunotherapy: Advancing Cancer Treatment by Combination. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051295. [PMID: 32455560 PMCID: PMC7281656 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy with viral vectors has significantly advanced in the past few decades, with adenovirus being one of the most commonly employed vectors for cancer gene therapy. Adenovirus vectors can be divided into 2 groups: (1) replication-deficient viruses; and (2) replication-competent, oncolytic (OVs) viruses. Replication-deficient adenoviruses have been explored as vaccine carriers and gene therapy vectors. Oncolytic adenoviruses are designed to selectively target, replicate, and directly destroy cancer cells. Additionally, virus-mediated cell lysis releases tumor antigens and induces local inflammation (e.g., immunogenic cell death), which contributes significantly to the reversal of local immune suppression and development of antitumor immune responses ("cold" tumor into "hot" tumor). There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that the host immune response may provide a critical boost for the efficacy of oncolytic virotherapy. Additionally, genetic engineering of oncolytic viruses allows local expression of immune therapeutics, thereby reducing related toxicities. Therefore, the combination of oncolytic virus and immunotherapy is an attractive therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. In this review, we focus on adenovirus-based vectors and discuss recent progress in combination therapy of adenoviruses with immunotherapy in preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuho Sato-Dahlman
- Division of Basic and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, MMC 195, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (M.S.-D.); (C.J.L.); (C.Y.)
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Christopher J. LaRocca
- Division of Basic and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, MMC 195, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (M.S.-D.); (C.J.L.); (C.Y.)
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Chikako Yanagiba
- Division of Basic and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, MMC 195, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (M.S.-D.); (C.J.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Masato Yamamoto
- Division of Basic and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, MMC 195, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (M.S.-D.); (C.J.L.); (C.Y.)
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Institute of Molecular Virology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-612-624-9131
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13
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Kranjc Brezar S, Prevc A, Niksic Zakelj M, Brozic A, Cemazar M, Strojan P, Sersa G. Synergistic effect of cisplatin chemotherapy combined with fractionated radiotherapy regimen in HPV-positive and HPV-negative experimental pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1563. [PMID: 32005919 PMCID: PMC6994509 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58502-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
HPV infection renders oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas more radiosensitive, which results in a favorable prognosis for HPV-positive patients treated with radiation alone or with concurrent platinum-based chemotherapy. The degree of radiosensitivity in fractionated regimens has not yet been fully explored; therefore, in this study, the radiosensitivity of HPV-negative tumors (FaDu) was compared to that of HPV-positive tumors (2A3) subjected to concurrent cisplatin chemotherapy and fractionated versus isoeffective single-dose tumor irradiation in immunodeficient mice. HPV-positive tumors were approximately 5 times more radiosensitive than HPV-negative tumors, irrespective of the irradiation regimen. In both tumor models, concurrent cisplatin chemotherapy and the fractionated regimen induced significant tumor radiosensitization, with a 3- to 4-fold increase in the tumor growth delay compared to that of single-dose irradiation. Furthermore, the degree of radiosensitization induced by cisplatin chemotherapy concurrent with the fractionated irradiation regimen was much higher in HPV-positive tumors, where a synergistic antitumor effect was observed. Specifically, after combined therapy, a 26% higher survival rate was observed in mice with HPV-positive tumors than in mice with HPV-negative tumors. These data suggest that HPV-positive tumors are more radiosensitive to fractionated regimen than to single-dose irradiation with concurrent cisplatin chemotherapy acting synergistically to irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Kranjc Brezar
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ajda Prevc
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Martina Niksic Zakelj
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andreja Brozic
- Department of Cytology and Pathology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maja Cemazar
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, SI-6310, Izola, Slovenia
| | - Primoz Strojan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Gregor Sersa
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia. .,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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14
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Ding Z, Zhu H, Mo L, Li X, Xu R, Li T, Zhao L, Ren Y, Xu Y, Ou R. FLT3L and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor enhance the anti-tumor and immune effects of an HPV16 E6/E7 vaccine. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:11893-11904. [PMID: 31881013 PMCID: PMC6949056 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
HPV16 infections promote the development and progression of cervical cancer. We investigated Fms-like Tyrosine Kinase 3 Ligand and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor as new adjuvants to an HPV16 vaccine. C57BL/6 mice were immunized by intramuscular injections of HPV16 E6/E7 plasmids every two weeks, three times in all. An in vivo imaging system was used to observe tumor growth and metastasis. Pathological changes to the heart, liver, spleen, lungs, brain and kidneys were recorded, and the survival rate of the mice was determined. The constructed HPV16 E6/E7 vaccine had no notable side effects in terms of physiological or biochemical indexes. Fms-like Tyrosine Kinase 3 Ligand and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor increased the inhibitory effects of the HPV16 E6/E7 vaccine on tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. The HPV16 E6/E7 vaccine enhanced the survival of mice and increased their serum-specific antibody and interferon-γ levels. Fms-like Tyrosine Kinase 3 Ligand and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor augmented these effects. In a cytotoxic lymphocyte killing test, Fms-like Tyrosine Kinase 3 Ligand and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor improved the ability of splenic lymphocytes from HPV16 E6/E7-vaccinated mice to kill B16 cells. As Fms-like Tyrosine Kinase 3 Ligand and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor enhanced the anti-tumor and immune effects of the HPV16 vaccine, these adjuvants should be considered for the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Ding
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Yuyao People’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Yuyao, Zhejiang 315400, China
- Department of Dermatovenereology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Laiming Mo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Xiangyun Li
- Department of Dermatovenereology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Dermatovenereology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Laboratory for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Institutes of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA
| | - Yunsheng Xu
- Department of Dermatovenereology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Rongying Ou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
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15
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Dadar M, Chakraborty S, Dhama K, Prasad M, Khandia R, Hassan S, Munjal A, Tiwari R, Karthik K, Kumar D, Iqbal HMN, Chaicumpa W. Advances in Designing and Developing Vaccines, Drugs and Therapeutic Approaches to Counter Human Papilloma Virus. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2478. [PMID: 30483247 PMCID: PMC6240620 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a viral infection with skin-to-skin based transmission mode. HPV annually caused over 500,000 cancer cases including cervical, anogenital and oropharyngeal cancer among others. HPV vaccination has become a public-health concern, worldwide, to prevent the cases of HPV infections including precancerous lesions, cervical cancers, and genital warts especially in adolescent female and male population by launching national programs with international alliances. Currently, available prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines are expensive to be used in developing countries for vaccination programs. The recent progress in immunotherapy, biotechnology, recombinant DNA technology and molecular biology along with alternative and complementary medicinal systems have paved novel ways and valuable opportunities to design and develop effective prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines, drugs and treatment approach to counter HPV effectively. Exploration and more researches on such advances could result in the gradual reduction in the incidences of HPV cases across the world. The present review presents a current global scenario and futuristic prospects of the advanced prophylactic and therapeutic approaches against HPV along with recent patents coverage of the progress and advances in drugs, vaccines and therapeutic regimens to effectively combat HPV infections and its cancerous conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
| | - Sandip Chakraborty
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, West Tripura, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Minakshi Prasad
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, LLR University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, India
| | - Rekha Khandia
- Department of Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, India
| | - Sameer Hassan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India
| | - Ashok Munjal
- Department of Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, U P Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, India
| | - Kumaragurubaran Karthik
- Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Hafiz M. N. Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Wanpen Chaicumpa
- Department of Parasitology, Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Faculty of Medicine SIriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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16
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Lucido CT, Callejas-Valera JL, Colbert PL, Vermeer DW, Miskimins WK, Spanos WC, Vermeer PD. β 2-Adrenergic receptor modulates mitochondrial metabolism and disease progression in recurrent/metastatic HPV(+) HNSCC. Oncogenesis 2018; 7:81. [PMID: 30297705 PMCID: PMC6175933 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-018-0090-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of human papillomavirus-associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HPV[ + ] HNSCC) is rapidly increasing. Although clinical management of primary HPV( + ) HNSCC is relatively successful, disease progression, including recurrence and metastasis, is often fatal. Moreover, patients with progressive disease face limited treatment options and significant treatment-associated morbidity. These clinical data highlight the need to identify targetable mechanisms that drive disease progression in HPV( + ) HNSCC to prevent and/or treat progressive disease. Interestingly, β-adrenergic signaling has recently been associated with pro-tumor processes in several disease types. Here we show that an aggressive murine model of recurrent/metastatic HPV( + ) HNSCC upregulates β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) expression, concordant with significantly heightened mitochondrial metabolism, as compared with the parental model from which it spontaneously derived. β-Adrenergic blockade effectively inhibits in vitro proliferation and migratory capacity in this model, effects associated with an attenuation of hyperactive mitochondrial respiration. Importantly, propranolol, a clinically available nonselective β-blocker, significantly slows primary tumor growth, inhibits metastatic development, and shows additive benefit alongside standard-of-care modalities in vivo. Further, via CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we show that the hyperactive mitochondrial metabolic profile and aggressive in vivo phenotype of this recurrent/metastatic model are dependent on β2AR expression. These data implicate β2AR as a modulator of mitochondrial metabolism and disease progression in HPV( + ) HNSCC, and warrant further investigation into the use of β-blockers as low cost, relatively tolerable, complementary treatment options in the clinical management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher T Lucido
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60th St North, Sioux Falls, SD, 57104, USA
| | - Juan L Callejas-Valera
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60th St North, Sioux Falls, SD, 57104, USA
| | - Paul L Colbert
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60th St North, Sioux Falls, SD, 57104, USA
| | - Daniel W Vermeer
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60th St North, Sioux Falls, SD, 57104, USA
| | - W Keith Miskimins
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60th St North, Sioux Falls, SD, 57104, USA
| | - William C Spanos
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60th St North, Sioux Falls, SD, 57104, USA
| | - Paola D Vermeer
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60th St North, Sioux Falls, SD, 57104, USA.
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17
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Therapeutic human papillomavirus vaccines in head and neck cancer: A systematic review of current clinical trials. Vaccine 2018; 36:6594-6605. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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18
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Aggarwal C, Cohen RB, Morrow MP, Kraynyak KA, Sylvester AJ, Knoblock DM, Bauml JM, Weinstein GS, Lin A, Boyer J, Sakata L, Tan S, Anton A, Dickerson K, Mangrolia D, Vang R, Dallas M, Oyola S, Duff S, Esser M, Kumar R, Weiner D, Csiki I, Bagarazzi ML. Immunotherapy Targeting HPV16/18 Generates Potent Immune Responses in HPV-Associated Head and Neck Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 25:110-124. [PMID: 30242022 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-1763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Clinical responses with programmed death (PD-1) receptor-directed antibodies occur in about 20% of patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCCa). Viral neoantigens, such as the E6/E7 proteins of HPV16/18, are attractive targets for therapeutic immunization and offer an immune activation strategy that may be complementary to PD-1 inhibition. PATIENTS AND METHODS We report phase Ib/II safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity results of immunotherapy with MEDI0457 (DNA immunotherapy targeting HPV16/18 E6/E7 with IL12 encoding plasmids) delivered by electroporation with CELLECTRA constant current device. Twenty-two patients with locally advanced, p16+ HNSCCa received MEDI0457. RESULTS MEDI0457 was associated with mild injection site reactions, but no treatment-related grade 3-5 adverse events (AE) were noted. Eighteen of 21 evaluable patients showed elevated antigen-specific T-cell activity by IFNγ ELISpot, and persistent cellular responses surpassing 100 spot-forming units (SFUs)/106 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were noted out to 1 year. Induction of HPV-specific CD8+ T cells was observed. MEDI0457 shifted the CD8+/FoxP3+ ratio in 4 of 5 post immunotherapy tumor samples and increased the number of perforin+ immune infiltrates in all 5 patients. One patient developed metastatic disease and was treated with anti-PD-1 therapy with a rapid and durable complete response. Flow-cytometric analyses revealed induction of HPV16-specific PD-1+ CD8+ T cells that were not found prior to MEDI0547 (0% vs. 1.8%). CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that MEDI0457 can generate durable HPV16/18 antigen-specific peripheral and tumor immune responses. This approach may be used as a complementary strategy to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition in HPV-associated HNSCCa to improve therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charu Aggarwal
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| | - Roger B Cohen
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | | | - Joshua M Bauml
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Gregory S Weinstein
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alexander Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jean Boyer
- Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania
| | - Lindsay Sakata
- Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania
| | - Sophie Tan
- Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania
| | - Aubrey Anton
- Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | - Michael Dallas
- Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania
| | - Sandra Oyola
- Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania
| | - Susan Duff
- Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | - Ildiko Csiki
- Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania
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19
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Pérez-Trujillo JJ, Robles-Rodríguez OA, Garza-Morales R, García-García A, Rodríguez-Rocha H, Villanueva-Olivo A, Segoviano-Ramírez JC, Esparza-González SC, Saucedo-Cárdenas O, Montes-de-Oca-Luna R, Loera-Arias MJ. Antitumor Response by Endoplasmic Reticulum-Targeting DNA Vaccine Is Improved by Adding a KDEL Retention Signal. Nucleic Acid Ther 2018; 28:252-261. [DOI: 10.1089/nat.2017.0717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- José J. Pérez-Trujillo
- Departamento de Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), Monterrey, México
| | - Olivia A. Robles-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), Monterrey, México
| | - Rodolfo Garza-Morales
- Departamento de Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), Monterrey, México
| | - Aracely García-García
- Departamento de Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), Monterrey, México
| | - Humberto Rodríguez-Rocha
- Departamento de Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), Monterrey, México
| | - Arnulfo Villanueva-Olivo
- Departamento de Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), Monterrey, México
| | - Juan C. Segoviano-Ramírez
- Departamento de Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), Monterrey, México
- Unidad de Bioimagen, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud (CIDICS), Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), Monterrey, México
| | | | - Odila Saucedo-Cárdenas
- Departamento de Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), Monterrey, México
- Division de Genetica, Centro de Investigacion Biomedica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Monterrey, México
| | - Roberto Montes-de-Oca-Luna
- Departamento de Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), Monterrey, México
| | - María J. Loera-Arias
- Departamento de Histologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), Monterrey, México
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20
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Atherton MJ, Stephenson KB, Nikota JK, Hu QN, Nguyen A, Wan Y, Lichty BD. Preclinical development of peptide vaccination combined with oncolytic MG1-E6E7 for HPV-associated cancer. Vaccine 2018; 36:2181-2192. [PMID: 29544689 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.02.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Human papilloma virus (HPV)-associated cancer is a significant global health burden and despite the presence of viral transforming antigens within neoplastic cells, therapeutic vaccinations are ineffective for advanced disease. HPV positive TC1 cells are susceptible to viral oncolysis by MG1-E6E7, a custom designed oncolytic Maraba virus. Epitope mapping of mice vaccinated with MG1-E6E7 enabled the rational design of synthetic long peptide (SLP) vaccines against HPV16 and HPV18 antigens. SLPs were able to induce specific CD8+ immune responses and the magnitude of these responses significantly increased when boosted by MG1-E6E7. Logically designed vaccination induced multi-functional CD8+ T cells and provided complete sterilising immunity of mice challenged with TC1 cells. In mice bearing large HPV-positive tumours, SLP vaccination combined with MG1-E6E7 was able to clear tumours in 60% of mice and these mice were completely protected against a long term aggressive re-challenge with the TC1 tumour model. Combining conventional SLPs with the multi-functional oncolytic MG1-E6E7 represents a promising approach against advanced HPV positive neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Atherton
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Andrew Nguyen
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Yonghong Wan
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Brian D Lichty
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Turnstone Biologics, Ottawa, Canada.
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21
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Tsang KY, Fantini M, Fernando RI, Palena C, David JM, Hodge JW, Gabitzsch ES, Jones FR, Schlom J. Identification and characterization of enhancer agonist human cytotoxic T-cell epitopes of the human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) E6/E7. Vaccine 2017; 35:2605-2611. [PMID: 28389098 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with the etiology of cervical carcinoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and several other cancer types. Vaccines directed against HPV virus-like particles and coat proteins have been extremely successful in the prevention of cervical cancer through the activation of host HPV-specific antibody responses; however, HPV-associated cancers remain a major public health problem. The development of a therapeutic vaccine will require the generation of T-cell responses directed against early HPV proteins (E6/E7) expressed in HPV-infected tumor cells. Clinical studies using various vaccine platforms have demonstrated that both HPV-specific human T cells can be generated and patient benefit can be achieved. However, no HPV therapeutic vaccine has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration to date. One method of enhancing the potential efficacy of a therapeutic vaccine is the generation of agonist epitopes. We report the first description of enhancer cytotoxic T lymphocyte agonist epitopes for HPV E6 and E7. While the in silico algorithm revealed six epitopes with potentially improved binding to human leukocyte antigen-A2 allele (HLA-A2)-Class I, 5/6 demonstrated enhanced binding to HLA-Class I in cell-based assays and only 3/6 had a greater ability to activate HPV-specific T cells which could lyse tumor cells expressing native HPV, compared to their native epitope counterparts. These agonist epitopes have potential for use in a range of HPV therapeutic vaccine platforms and for use in HPV-specific adoptive T- or natural killer-cell platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwong Y Tsang
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room 8B09, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Massimo Fantini
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room 8B09, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Romaine I Fernando
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room 8B09, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Claudia Palena
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room 8B09, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Justin M David
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room 8B09, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - James W Hodge
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room 8B09, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Frank R Jones
- Etubics Corporation, 41 West Harrison Street, Suite 100, Seattle, WA 98119, USA
| | - Jeffrey Schlom
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room 8B09, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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22
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Chu X, Li Y, Long Q, Xia Y, Yao Y, Sun W, Huang W, Yang X, Liu C, Ma Y. Chimeric HBcAg virus-like particles presenting a HPV 16 E7 epitope significantly suppressed tumor progression through preventive or therapeutic immunization in a TC-1-grafted mouse model. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:2417-29. [PMID: 27313455 PMCID: PMC4892837 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s102467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Therapeutic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines are currently being developed. However, no therapeutic efficacy has been achieved in clinical trials for the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or cancer. One of the important issues in increasing vaccine efficacy is determining the best way to enhance tumor antigen-specific cellular immune responses. This study aimed to explore the virus-like particles (VLPs) of hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) as potential therapeutic vaccine carriers and to assess its immunological characteristics. Methods Chimeric VLPs presenting a HPV 16 cytotoxic T lymphocytes epitope E749–57 (amino acid 49–57 of the E7 protein) were prepared using recombinant genes. C57BL/6 mice were immunized with VLPs and grafted with tumor cells TC-1 which is an E7-expressing tumorigenic cell line. The dynamic tumor growth was monitored and anti-tumor immune responses were investigated. Results Using a preventive strategy, immunization with VLPs resulted in nearly complete suppression of tumor growth. In treatment studies, VLP immunization significantly suppressed the tumor progression in mice carrying 2–3 mm tumors and in those bearing even larger tumors with diameters up to 8–9 mm. The VLP structure was shown to be important to induce vigorous antitumor immunity and effects. In immunized mice, enhanced E749–57-specific cellular immune responses were evidenced by increased interferon (IFN)-γ expression and decreased interleukin (IL)-4 expression in splenic lymphocytes, as well as an elevated number of effector cells expressing IFN-γ in response to the in vitro stimulation of the specific peptide E749–57. In addition, effective immune memory after VLP immunization was maintained for at least 16 weeks, preventing significant tumor growth after subsequent TC-1 challenge. Conclusion While VLPs were highly immunogenic in stimulating humoral immunity, our results strongly indicated that VLPs, such as HBcAg particles, might also be potent therapeutic vaccine carriers to elicit robust cellular immune responses, even in the immunosuppressive microenvironment of a tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Chu
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Long
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Xia
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Yao
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjia Sun
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Huang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Cunbao Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanbing Ma
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Engineering Research Center of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, People's Republic of China
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Garcia-Bates TM, Kim E, Concha-Benavente F, Trivedi S, Mailliard RB, Gambotto A, Ferris RL. Enhanced Cytotoxic CD8 T Cell Priming Using Dendritic Cell-Expressing Human Papillomavirus-16 E6/E7-p16INK4 Fusion Protein with Sequenced Anti-Programmed Death-1. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2016; 196:2870-8. [PMID: 26851223 PMCID: PMC4779745 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related head and neck squamous cell carcinoma has increased in recent decades, though HPV prevention vaccines may reduce this rise in the future. HPV-related cancers express the viral oncoproteins E6 and E7. The latter inactivates the tumor suppressor protein retinoblastoma (Rb), which leads to the overexpression of p16(INK4) protein, providing unique Ags for therapeutic HPV-specific cancer vaccination. We developed potential adenoviral vaccines that express a fusion protein of HPV-16 E6 and E7 (Ad.E6E7) alone or fused with p16 (Ad.E6E7p16) and also encoding an anti-programmed death (PD)-1 Ab. Human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC) transduced with Ad.E6E7 or Ad.E6E7p16 with or without Ad.αPD1 were used to activate autologous CD8 CTL in vitro. CTL responses were tested against naturally HPV-infected head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells using IFN-γ ELISPOT and [(51)Cr]release assay. Surprisingly, stimulation and antitumor activity of CTL were increased after incubation with Ad.E6E7p16-transduced DC (DC.E6E7p16) compared with Ad.E6E7 (DC.E6E7), a result that may be due to an effect of p16 on cyclin-dependent kinase 4 levels and IL-12 secretion by DC. Moreover, the beneficial effect was most prominent when anti-PD-1 was introduced during the second round of stimulation (after initial priming). These data suggest that careful sequencing of Ad.E6E7.p16 with Ad.αPD1 could improve antitumor immunity against HPV-related tumors and that p16 may enhance the immunogenicity of DC, through cyclin-dependent pathways, Th1 cytokine secretion, and by adding a nonviral Ag highly overexpressed in HPV-induced cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana M Garcia-Bates
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232; Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232
| | - Eun Kim
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232
| | | | - Sumita Trivedi
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232
| | - Robbie B Mailliard
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232
| | - Andrea Gambotto
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232
| | - Robert L Ferris
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232; and Cancer Immunology Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
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24
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Wu CC, Horowitz DP, Deutsch I, Rahmati R, Schecter JM, Saqi A, Wang TJC. De-escalation of radiation dose for human papillomavirus-positive oropharyngeal head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A case report and preclinical and clinical literature review. Oncol Lett 2015; 11:141-149. [PMID: 26870181 PMCID: PMC4727039 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has been considered to be a relatively homogeneous disease. However, recent data have demonstrated that human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive and HPV-negative disease are two different clinical entities associated with different outcomes. Preclinical and clinical studies have reported a divergence in treatment strategies as well as prognostic outcomes for HNSCCs that are HPV-positive versus HPV-negative. The present study describes the case of a 52-year-old man who presented with stage IVB cT2N3M0 right tonsillar HPV-positive squamous cell carcinoma. Induction chemotherapy with docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (TPF), followed by chemoradiation therapy with carboplatin and 70 Gray (Gy) radiation in daily fractions was recommended. The patient completed the TPF and carboplatin treatment; however, he was unable to tolerate the radiation course, receiving a final dose of 46 Gy. A 60-day follow-up right neck salvage dissection was subsequently performed. Despite having received a partial radiation treatment of 46 Gy, the patient had no pathological evidence of disease at 60 days post radiation treatment. Repeat positron emission tomography-computed tomography at 32 months after the right neck dissection revealed no evidence of disease. The present study also discusses the current preclinical in vitro and in vivo targets for HPV-positive HNSCC and the obstacles presented in advancing clinical treatment modalities. Previous preclinical models investigating radiation sensitivity have yielded mixed results. Thus, it is important to understand and establish representative preclinical models for studying HPV and HNSCC to improve clinical research and therapeutic development. This review may guide future understanding of the role of HPV in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chia Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - David P Horowitz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Israel Deutsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Rahmatullah Rahmati
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jordan M Schecter
- Department of Medical Oncology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Anjali Saqi
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Tony J C Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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25
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Wang H, Yu J, Li L. A DNA vaccine encoding mutated HPV58 mE6E7-Fc-GPI fusion antigen and GM-CSF and B7.1. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:3067-77. [PMID: 26604780 PMCID: PMC4631422 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s84888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is a predominant cause of cervical cancer, and HPV58 is the third most common virus detected in the patients with cervical cancer in Asia. E6 and E7 are the viral oncogenes which are constitutively expressed in HPV-associated tumor cells and can be used as target antigens for related immunotherapy. In this study, we modified the HPV58 E6 and E7 oncogenes to eliminate their oncogenic potential and constructed a recombinant DNA vaccine that coexpresses the sig-HPV58 mE6E7-Fc-GPI fusion antigen in addition to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and B7.1 as molecular adjuvants (PVAX1-HPV58 mE6E7FcGB) for the treatment of HPV58 (+) cancer. METHODS PVAX1-HPV58 mE6E7FcGB recombinant DNA vaccine was constructed to express a fusion protein containing a signal peptide, a modified HPV58 mE6E7 gene, and human IgG Fc and glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchoring sequences using the modified DNA vaccine vector PVAX1-IRES-GM/B7.1 that coexpresses GM-CSF, and B7.1. C57BL/6 mice were challenged by HPV58 E6E7-expressing B16-HPV58 E6E7 cells, followed by immunization by PVAX1-HPV58 mE6E7FcGB vaccine on days 7, 14, 21 after tumor challenge. The cellular immune responses in immunized mice were assessed by measuring IFN-γ production in splenocytes upon stimulation by HPV58 E6E7-GST protein and the lysis of B16-HPV58 E6E7 target cells by splenocytes after restimulation with HPV58 E6E7-GST protein. The antitumor efficacy was evaluated by monitoring the growth of the tumor. RESULTS PVAX1-HPV58 mE6E7FcGB elicited varying levels of IFN-lsgdB58onn T-cell immune responses and lysis of target cell in mice in response to the recombinant antigen HPV58 E6E7-GST. Furthermore, the vaccine also induced antitumor responses in the HPV58 (+) B16-HPV58 E6E7 tumor challenge model as evidenced by delayed tumor development. CONCLUSION The recombinant DNA vaccine PVAX1-HPV58 mE6E7FcGB efficiently generates cellular immunity and antitumor efficacy in immunized mice. These data provide a basis for the further study of this recombinant vaccine as a potential candidate vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiyun Yu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
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26
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Shen KY, Song YC, Chen IH, Chong P, Liu SJ. Depletion of tumor-associated macrophages enhances the anti-tumor immunity induced by a Toll-like receptor agonist-conjugated peptide. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2015; 10:3241-50. [PMID: 25483652 PMCID: PMC4514138 DOI: 10.4161/hv.29275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that lipopeptides can be used to elicit cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses against viral diseases and cancer. In our previous study, we determined that mono-palmitoylated peptides can enhance anti-tumor responses in the absence of adjuvant activity. To investigate whether di-palmitoylated peptides with TLR2 agonist activity are able to induce anti-tumor immunity, we synthesized a di-palmitic acid-conjugated long peptide that contains a murine CTL epitope of HPV E749–57 (Pam2IDG). Pam2IDG stimulated the maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) through TLR2/6. After immunization, Pam2IDG induced higher levels of T cell responses than those obtained with its non-lipidated counterpart (IDG). In the prophylactic model, Pam2IDG immunization completely inhibited tumor growth, whereas IDG immunization was unable to inhibit tumor growth. However, Pam2IDG immunization could not effectively inhibit the growth of established tumors. Therefore, we further investigated whether the depletion of immunosuppressive factors could improve the therapeutic effects of Pam2IDG. Our data indicate that treatment with Pam2IDG combined with clodronate/liposome delays tumor growth and increases the survival rate. We also observed that the therapeutic effects of Pam2IDG are improved by diminishing the function of tumor-associate macrophages (TAMs) and through the use of an IL10 receptor blocking antibody or a Cyclooxygenase 2 (Cox-2) inhibitor. In conclusion, the depletion of TAMs may enhance the anti-tumor immunity of a TLR2 agonist-conjugated peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Yin Shen
- a Graduate Institute of Life Sciences; National Defense Medical Center ; Taipei , Taiwan
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27
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Lucido CT, Vermeer PD, Wieking BG, Vermeer DW, Lee JH. CD137 enhancement of HPV positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tumor clearance. Vaccines (Basel) 2015; 2:841-53. [PMID: 25984365 PMCID: PMC4429800 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines2040841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Standard-of-care cisplatin and radiation therapy (CRT) provides significant tumor control of human papillomavirus (HPV)-mediated head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs); this effectiveness depends on CRT-mediated activation of the patient's own immune system. However, despite good survival, patients suffer significant morbidity necessitating on-going studies to define novel therapies that alleviate this burden. Given the role of the immune system in tumor clearance, immune modulation may further potentiate the CRT-activated response while potentially decreasing morbidity. CD137, an inducible cell surface receptor found on activated T cells, is involved in differentiation and survival signaling in T cells upon binding of its natural partner (CD137L). A number of studies have shown the effectiveness of targeting this immune-stimulatory pathway in regards to tumor clearance. Here we test its role in HPV+ HNSCC tumor clearance using a previously characterized mouse model. We show that amplification of this stimulatory pathway synergizes with CRT for enhanced tumor clearance. Interestingly, tumor clearance is further potentiated by local tumor cell expression of CD137L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher T. Lucido
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; E-Mails: (C.T.L.); (P.D.V.); (B.G.W.); (D.W.V.)
| | - Paola D. Vermeer
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; E-Mails: (C.T.L.); (P.D.V.); (B.G.W.); (D.W.V.)
| | - Bryant G. Wieking
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; E-Mails: (C.T.L.); (P.D.V.); (B.G.W.); (D.W.V.)
| | - Daniel W. Vermeer
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; E-Mails: (C.T.L.); (P.D.V.); (B.G.W.); (D.W.V.)
| | - John H. Lee
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; E-Mails: (C.T.L.); (P.D.V.); (B.G.W.); (D.W.V.)
- Sanford Health, 2301 East 60th Street North, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +1-605-312-6103; Fax: +1-605-312-6201
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28
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Rice AE, Latchman YE, Balint JP, Lee JH, Gabitzsch ES, Jones FR. An HPV-E6/E7 immunotherapy plus PD-1 checkpoint inhibition results in tumor regression and reduction in PD-L1 expression. Cancer Gene Ther 2015; 22:454-62. [DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2015.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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29
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Balint JP, Gabitzsch ES, Rice A, Latchman Y, Xu Y, Messerschmidt GL, Chaudhry A, Morse MA, Jones FR. Extended evaluation of a phase 1/2 trial on dosing, safety, immunogenicity, and overall survival after immunizations with an advanced-generation Ad5 [E1-, E2b-]-CEA(6D) vaccine in late-stage colorectal cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2015; 64:977-87. [PMID: 25956394 PMCID: PMC4506904 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-015-1706-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A phase 1/2 clinical trial evaluating dosing, safety, immunogenicity, and overall survival on metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients after immunotherapy with an advanced-generation Ad5 [E1-, E2b-]-CEA(6D) vaccine was performed. We report our extended observations on long-term overall survival and further immune analyses on a subset of treated patients including assessment of cytolytic T cell responses, T regulatory (Treg) to T effector (Teff) cell ratios, flow cytometry on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and determination of HLA-A2 status. An overall survival of 20 % (median survival 11 months) was observed during long-term follow-up, and no long-term adverse effects were reported. Cytolytic T cell responses increased after immunizations, and cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses were induced whether or not patients were HLA-A2 positive or Ad5 immune. PBMC samples from a small subset of patients were available for follow-up immune analyses. It was observed that the levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-specific CMI activity decreased from their peak values during follow-up in five patients analyzed. Preliminary results revealed that activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were detected in a post-immunization sample exhibiting high CMI activity. Treg to Teff cell ratios were assessed, and samples from three of five patients exhibited a decrease in Treg to Teff cell ratio during the treatment protocol. Based upon the favorable safety and immunogenicity data obtained, we plan to perform an extensive immunologic and survival analysis on mCRC patients to be enrolled in a randomized/controlled clinical trial that investigates Ad5 [E1-, E2b-]-CEA(6D) as a single agent with booster immunizations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael A. Morse
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
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30
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Shen KY, Chang LS, Leng CH, Liu SJ. Self-adjuvanting lipoimmunogens for therapeutic HPV vaccine development: potential clinical impact. Expert Rev Vaccines 2014; 14:383-94. [PMID: 25455657 DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2015.966696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The goal of therapeutic HPV vaccines is the induction of cytotoxic T lymphocyte immunity against HPV-associated cancers. Recombinant proteins and synthetic peptides have high safety profiles but low immunogenicity, which limits their efficacy when used in a vaccine. Self-adjuvanting lipid moieties have been conjugated to synthetic peptides or expressed as lipoproteins to enhance the immunogenicity of vaccine candidates. Mono-, di- and tri-palmitoylated peptides have been demonstrated to activate dendritic cells and induce robust cellular immunity against infectious diseases and cancer. Recently, a platform technology using the high-yield production of recombinant lipoproteins with Toll-like receptor 2 agonist activity was established for the development of novel subunit vaccines. This technology represents a novel strategy for the development of therapeutic HPV vaccines. In this review, we describe recent progress in the design of therapeutic HPV vaccines using lipoimmunogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Yin Shen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan
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31
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Davis KS, Vargo JA, Ferris RL, Burton SA, Ohr JP, Clump DA, Heron DE. Stereotactic body radiotherapy for recurrent oropharyngeal cancer - influence of HPV status and smoking history. Oral Oncol 2014; 50:1104-8. [PMID: 25175942 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE HPV status and smoking history stratifies patients into 3 distinct risk groups for survival following definitive chemoradiotherapy. Local-regional recurrences are common patterns of failure across all 3 risk-groups. SBRT±cetuximab has emerged as a promising salvage strategy for unresectable locally-recurrent, previously-irradiated head-and-neck cancer (rHNC) relative to conventional re-irradiation±chemotherapy. However the influence of HPV and smoking remains unknown in the setting of re-irradiation. METHODS/MATERIALS Patients (n=30) with rHNC of the oropharynx salvaged with SBRT±cetuximab from August 2002 through August 2013 were retrospectively reviewed; HPV status was determined based on p16 staining of primary pathology. RESULTS At a median follow-up of 10months for surviving patients, the mean overall survival for all patients was 12.6 months. HPV positivity was a significant predictor of overall survival (13.6 vs. 6.88 months, p=0.024), while smoking status did not significantly impact overall survival (p=0.707). CONCLUSION HPV status remains a significant predictor of overall survival in the re-irradiation setting with HPV positive rHNC demonstrating superior overall survival following salvage SBRT±cetuximab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara S Davis
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - John A Vargo
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert L Ferris
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Steven A Burton
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - James P Ohr
- UPMC Cancer Center, Medical Oncology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David A Clump
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dwight E Heron
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Miskimins WK, Ahn HJ, Kim JY, Ryu S, Jung YS, Choi JY. Synergistic anti-cancer effect of phenformin and oxamate. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85576. [PMID: 24465604 PMCID: PMC3897486 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenformin (phenethylbiguanide; an anti-diabetic agent) plus oxamate [lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) inhibitor] was tested as a potential anti-cancer therapeutic combination. In in vitro studies, phenformin was more potent than metformin, another biguanide, recently recognized to have anti-cancer effects, in promoting cancer cell death in the range of 25 times to 15 million times in various cancer cell lines. The anti-cancer effect of phenformin was related to complex I inhibition in the mitochondria and subsequent overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Addition of oxamate inhibited LDH activity and lactate production by cells, which is a major side effect of biguanides, and induced more rapid cancer cell death by decreasing ATP production and accelerating ROS production. Phenformin plus oxamate was more effective than phenformin combined with LDH knockdown. In a syngeneic mouse model, phenformin with oxamate increased tumor apoptosis, reduced tumor size and (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake on positron emission tomography/computed tomography compared to control. We conclude that phenformin is more cytotoxic towards cancer cells than metformin. Furthermore, phenformin and oxamate have synergistic anti-cancer effects through simultaneous inhibition of complex I in the mitochondria and LDH in the cytosol, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Keith Miskimins
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research/USD, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States of America
| | - Hyun Joo Ahn
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Ryu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yuh-Seog Jung
- Head and Neck Oncology Clinic, Center of Specific Organs Cancer, Center for Thyroid Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Joon Young Choi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lukashevich IS, Shirwan H. Adenovirus-Based Vectors for the Development of Prophylactic and Therapeutic Vaccines. NOVEL TECHNOLOGIES FOR VACCINE DEVELOPMENT 2014. [PMCID: PMC7121347 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-1818-4_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases as well as cancer pose great global health impacts on the society. Vaccines have emerged as effective treatments to prevent or reduce the burdens of already developed diseases. This is achieved by means of activating various components of the immune system to generate systemic inflammatory reactions targeting infectious agents or diseased cells for control/elimination. DNA virus-based genetic vaccines gained significant attention in the past decades owing to the development of DNA manipulation technologies, which allowed engineering of recombinant viral vectors encoding sequences for foreign antigens or their immunogenic epitopes as well as various immunomodulatory molecules. Despite tremendous progress in the past 50 years, many hurdles still remain for achieving the full clinical potential of viral-vectored vaccines. This chapter will present the evolution of vaccines from “live” or “attenuated” first-generation agents to recombinant DNA and viral-vectored vaccines. Particular emphasis will be given to human adenovirus (Ad) for the development of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines. Ad biological properties related to vaccine development will be highlighted along with their advantages and potential hurdles to be overcome. In particular, we will discuss (1) genetic modifications in the Ad capsid protein to reduce the intrinsic viral immunogenicity, (2) antigen capsid incorporation for effective presentation of foreign antigens to the immune system, (3) modification of the hexon and fiber capsid proteins for Ad liver de-targeting and selective retargeting to cancer cells, (4) Ad-based vaccines carrying “arming” transgenes with immunostimulatory functions as immune adjuvants, and (5) oncolytic Ad vectors as a new therapeutic approach against cancer. Finally, the combination of adenoviral vectors with other non-adenoviral vector systems, the prime/boost strategy of immunization, clinical trials involving Ad-based vaccines, and the perspectives for the field development will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor S Lukashevich
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicolog Department of Microbiology and Immunolog, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky USA
| | - Haval Shirwan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunolog, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky USA
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Chen S, Liao C, Lai Y, Fan Y, Lu G, Wang H, Zhang X, Lin MCM, Leng S, Kung HF. De-oncogenic HPV E6/E7 vaccine gets enhanced antigenicity and promotes tumoricidal synergy with cisplatin. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2014; 46:6-14. [PMID: 24240707 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmt121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to develop more effective therapeutic vaccines against cancers with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, it is crucial to enhance the immunogenicity, eliminate the oncogenicity of oncoproteins, and take a combination of E7- and E6-containing vaccines. It has been shown recently that PE(ΔIII)-E7-KDEL3 (E7), a fusion protein containing the HPV16 oncoprotein E7 and the translocation domain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A, is effective against TC-1 tumor cells inoculated in mice, therefore, we engineered PE(ΔIII)-E6-CRL-KDEL3 (E6), the de-oncogenic versions of the E7 and E6 fusion proteins [i.e. PE(ΔIII)-E7(d)-KDEL3, E7(d), and PE(ΔIII)-E6(d)-CRL-KDEL3, E6(d)] and tested the immunoefficacies of these fusion proteins as mono- and bivalent vaccines. Results indicated that the E7(d) get higher immunogenicity than its wild type and the E6 fusion proteins augmented the immunogenicity and antitumor effects of their E7 counterparts. Furthermore, the bivalent vaccine system E7(d) plus E6(d), in the presence of cisplatin, showed the best tumoristatic and tumoricidal effects against established tumors in vivo. Therefore, it can be concluded that this novel therapeutic vaccine system, upon further optimization, may shed new light on clinical management of HPV-related carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaochun Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Histoembryology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
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Benson E, Li R, Eisele D, Fakhry C. The clinical impact of HPV tumor status upon head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Oral Oncol 2013; 50:565-74. [PMID: 24134947 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2013.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is etiologically responsible for a distinct subset of head and neck squamous cell cancers (HNSCCs). HPV-positive HNSCCs (HPV-HNSCCs) most commonly arise from the oropharynx and are responsible for the increasing incidence of oropharyngeal SCC (OSCC) in the United States (US) and abroad. HPV-positive OSCC (HPV-OSCC) has a unique demographic and risk factor profile and tumor biology. HPV-OSCC patients tend to be white, younger, and have a higher cumulative exposure to sexual behaviors as compared with HPV-negative OSCC patients. HPV-positive tumor status also significantly improves survival, and is indeed the single strongest prognostic factor for OSCC. The mechanisms that underlie the improved prognosis conferred by HPV-positive disease are unknown. The purpose of this review is to describe the clinical impact of HPV status in HNSCC, particularly in OSCC, both in terms of the unique clinic-demographic profile and prognostic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Benson
- Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery., 601 N. Caroline Street, 6th Floor, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States.
| | - Ryan Li
- Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery., 601 N. Caroline Street, 6th Floor, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States.
| | - David Eisele
- Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery., 601 N. Caroline Street, 6th Floor, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States.
| | - Carole Fakhry
- Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery., 601 N. Caroline Street, 6th Floor, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States; Milton J. Dance Jr. Head and Neck Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21204, United States; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 615 N Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205, United States.
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Nordfors C, Grün N, Tertipis N, Ährlund-Richter A, Haeggblom L, Sivars L, Du J, Nyberg T, Marklund L, Munck-Wikland E, Näsman A, Ramqvist T, Dalianis T. CD8+ and CD4+ tumour infiltrating lymphocytes in relation to human papillomavirus status and clinical outcome in tonsillar and base of tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Eur J Cancer 2013; 49:2522-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2013.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Ahmed HG, Mustafa SA, Eltom FM, Babiker AYY. Frequency and genotype of human papillomavirus among Sudanese patients with head and neck tumours. Ecancermedicalscience 2012; 6:282. [PMID: 23226164 PMCID: PMC3512557 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2012.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and genotype of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) and benign head and neck tumours. METHODOLOGY A retrospective study was performed on 150 samples of patients diagnosed with HNSCCs and 50 samples obtained from patients diagnosed with benign head and neck tumours. Tumour DNA was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with HPV consensus and multiplex primers. RESULTS Six of the 150 (4%) HNSCCs were HPV positive. HPV16 was the most prevalent type, with single infections present in 3/6 (50%) cases, whereas HPV18 and HPV33 were detected in 2/6 (33%) and 1/6 (17%), respectively. HPV infections were detected in 3 (50%) cases of oral cavity and 3 (50%) cases of pharynx. CONCLUSIONS There was a significant association between HPV infection and HNSCCs (P < 0.05). The present data support the importance of HPV infection in oral and larynx tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saadalnour Abusail Mustafa
- Department of Histopathology and Cytology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Elneelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Faris Margani Eltom
- College of Applied Medical Science, Tyba University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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