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Xu D, Guo Y, Qi Z, Hao C, Yu G. An infant with congenital micrognathia and upper airway obstruction was diagnosed as Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome caused by a novel LMNA mutation: Case report and literature review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20857. [PMID: 37916118 PMCID: PMC10616127 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is an extremely rare disease characterized by appearance of premature aging, including the skin, bones, heart, and blood vessels caused by LMNA mutation. In this study, the patient presented with congenital micrognathia and progressively aggravated upper airway obstruction as the initial symptom, which required bilateral mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) surgery intervention. This was not commonly described in the literature, and the primary clinical diagnosis of Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) was made. However, other clinical features included sclerotic skin, dry skin, growth failure, lipoatrophy, joint stiffness, prominent scalp veins, small ear lobes, hair loss, and craniofacial disproportion gradually emerged, the diagnosis of HGPS was preferred when the patient was 5 months old. The genetic testing result with a novel and de novo LMNA mutation (c.1968 + 3_1968+6delGAGT) further confirmed the diagnosis and expanded the clinical and mutational spectrum of HGPS. During the 12-month follow-up period after surgery, the patient no longer suffered dyspnea. Complications of other organs and systems have not happened at the moment. In addition, the pathogenesis, the role of LMNA gene mutation, the progress in clinical treatment, and breakthrough studies about genetic treatment in animals of HGPS are described in the literature review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duojiao Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yujiao Guo
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Zhan Qi
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Rare Disease Center, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chanjuan Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Rare Disease Center, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guoxia Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
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2
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Quantification of Farnesylated Progerin in Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Patient Cells by Mass Spectrometry. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911733. [PMID: 36233036 PMCID: PMC9569443 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare fatal disorder characterized by premature aging and death at a median age of 14.5 years. The most common cause of HGPS (affecting circa 90% of patients) is a de novo heterozygous synonymous single-base substitution (c.1824C>T; p.G608G) in the LMNA gene that results in the accumulation of progerin, an aberrant form of lamin A that, unlike mature lamin A, remains permanently farnesylated. The ratio of progerin to mature lamin A correlates with disease severity in HGPS patients, and can be used to assess the effectiveness of therapies aimed at lessening aberrant splicing or progerin farnesylation. We recently showed that the endogenous content of lamin A and progerin can be measured by mass spectrometry (MS), providing an alternative to immunological methods, which lack the necessary specificity and quantitative accuracy. Here, we present the first non-immunological method that reliably quantifies the levels of wild-type lamin A and farnesylated progerin in cells from HGPS patients. This method, which is based on a targeted MS approach and the use of isotope-labeled internal standards, could be applied in ongoing clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of drugs that inhibit progerin farnesylation.
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Lin H, Mensch J, Haschke M, Jäger K, Köttgen B, Dernedde J, Orsó E, Walter M. Establishment and Characterization of hTERT Immortalized Hutchinson–Gilford Progeria Fibroblast Cell Lines. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182784. [PMID: 36139359 PMCID: PMC9497314 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare premature aging syndrome caused by a dominant mutation in the LMNA gene. Previous research has shown that the ectopic expression of the catalytic subunit of telomerase (hTERT) can elongate the telomeres of the patients’ fibroblasts. Here, we established five immortalized HGP fibroblast cell lines using retroviral infection with the catalytic subunit of hTERT. Immortalization enhanced the proliferative life span by at least 50 population doublings (PDs). The number of cells with typical senescence signs was reduced by 63 + 17%. Furthermore, the growth increase and phenotype improvement occurred with a lag phase of 50–100 days and was not dependent on the degree of telomere elongation. The initial telomeric stabilization after hTERT infection and relatively low amounts of hTERT mRNA were sufficient for the phenotype improvement but the retroviral infection procedure was associated with transient cell stress. Our data have implications for therapeutic strategies in HGP and other premature aging syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihuan Lin
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Juliane Mensch
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Maria Haschke
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Kathrin Jäger
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Brigitte Köttgen
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Dernedde
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Evelyn Orsó
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Walter
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany
- Correspondence:
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González-Maestro V, Monteagudo-Vilavedra E, Rodríguez-Antuña J, Lendoiro-Fuentes M, Gómez MSB, Miño EM. Carotid artery dissection in Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria: a case report. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:135. [PMID: 35287606 PMCID: PMC8922814 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03179-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Strokes in the paediatric age group have their own epidemiology and aetiology and are frequently misdiagnosed. As in the adult population, they present some risk factors that must be identified. Cerebral arteriopathies as a cause of paediatric ischaemic stroke present a very diverse aetiology and morphology. In this article we report a paediatric stroke in a patient who was diagnosed during his first months of life of Hutchinson-Gilford´s Progeria (HGP). This is a rare genetic condition caused by mutations in the LMNA gene, producing an aberrant lamin A protein. The disease leads to premature aging, and cardiovascular complications are the first cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients. Case presentation We report the case of a 5-year-old patient with HGP (missense mutation—de novo—c.1822G > A in heterozygosis, LMNA gene). The patient was diagnosed during his first year of life and presented distinct phenotypical features. No other relevant comorbidities were present. He was admitted to the emergency department for right hemiparesis with at least 4 h of evolution, with inability to open the hand and slight decrease in the level of consciousness (pedNIHSS 5–6). Cranial-CT and angio-CT showed findings indicative of left carotid dissection. Consensus was reached on conservative medical management with anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy. In the first few days, the patient had a favourable evolution with resolution of the right lower limb hemiparesis and, one month after discharge, of the hand paresis. Conclusions The clinical manifestations, the vascular phenotype of the genetic mutation and the location of the radiological signs on a specific vascular morphology are indicative of carotid dissection. Spontaneous dissections occur under a predisposing risk factor or disease and are an exceptional finding in patients with HGP. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12887-022-03179-4.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Elena Maside Miño
- Paediatrics Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ferrol, Sergas, Spain
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Wang J, Yu Q, Ma X, Yuan Z, Mao J. Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome complicated with stroke: A report of 2 cases and literature review. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1056225. [PMID: 36523395 PMCID: PMC9745312 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1056225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) is a ultrarare, fatal autosomal dominant disorder. The pathogenesis of the disease is a mutation in LMNA, which leads to the accumulation of progerin in cells, impairing the normal physiological functions. Stroke and transient ischemic attack seriously affect the survival rate and quality of life of HGPS children, although the literature of this aspect is limited. This study summarizes the clinical manifestations and related imaging features of HGPS children with stroke to improve pediatric clinicians' understanding of this disease. CASE PRESENTATION Both children have a de novo heterozygous mutation of LMNA [c.1824C > T ( p.G608G)]. Case 1. At the age of 4 years, the child had a cerebral infarction, which manifested as blurred vision and communication disturbance. Multiple abnormal signals were observed on the head MRI in the bilateral frontoparietal cortex, bilateral semiovale center, lateral ventricle, and deep frontal and parietal lobes. Multiple abnormal white matter signals on head MRA: bilateral internal carotid artery stenosis with basilar artery, and bilateral thickening of the posterior communicating artery. Case 2. At the age of 8.5 years, the child presented with cerebral infarction, which manifested as decreased muscle strength and choking after drinking water. MRI of the head showed that the bilateral frontal lobes were small with multiple abnormal signal shadows in the bilateral center of the semiovale and the lateral ventricle. Brain MRA revealed that the bilateral internal carotid arteries (C5-7) were narrow and uneven in thickness, and the A1 segment of the left anterior cerebral artery was narrower than the contralateral one. After symptomatic and supportive treatment, the two children improved. CONCLUSION Hemiplegia and physical weakness are the most prevalent stroke symptoms in children with HGPS, followed by headache, epilepsy, dysarthria, and psychosis as the primary manifestation in some children. Stroke in children with HGPS is mostly ischemic cerebral infarction caused by an insufficient cerebral blood supply. Pediatric cerebral infarction mainly occurs in the large vascular area, involving all vascular areas, with the internal carotid artery and middle cerebral artery being the most commonly accumulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinmei Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhefeng Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Mao
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
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Kang SM, Yoon MH, Lee SJ, Ahn J, Yi SA, Nam KH, Park S, Woo TG, Cho JH, Lee J, Ha NC, Park BJ. Human WRN is an intrinsic inhibitor of progerin, abnormal splicing product of lamin A. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9122. [PMID: 33907225 PMCID: PMC8079706 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88325-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Werner syndrome (WRN) is a rare progressive genetic disorder, caused by functional defects in WRN protein and RecQ4L DNA helicase. Acceleration of the aging process is initiated at puberty and the expected life span is approximately the late 50 s. However, a Wrn-deficient mouse model does not show premature aging phenotypes or a short life span, implying that aging processes differ greatly between humans and mice. Gene expression analysis of WRN cells reveals very similar results to gene expression analysis of Hutchinson Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) cells, suggesting that these human progeroid syndromes share a common pathological mechanism. Here we show that WRN cells also express progerin, an abnormal variant of the lamin A protein. In addition, we reveal that duplicated sequences of human WRN (hWRN) from exon 9 to exon 10, which differ from the sequence of mouse WRN (mWRN), are a natural inhibitor of progerin. Overexpression of hWRN reduced progerin expression and aging features in HGPS cells. Furthermore, the elimination of progerin by siRNA or a progerin-inhibitor (SLC-D011 also called progerinin) can ameliorate senescence phenotypes in WRN fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes, derived from WRN-iPSCs. These results suggest that progerin, which easily accumulates under WRN-deficient conditions, can lead to premature aging in WRN and that this effect can be prevented by SLC-D011.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Mi Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ho Yoon
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsook Ahn
- Program in Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ah Yi
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyunggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hong Nam
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyunggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Gyun Woo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Cho
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaecheol Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyunggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Chul Ha
- Program in Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum-Joon Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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Chromatin and Cytoskeletal Tethering Determine Nuclear Morphology in Progerin-Expressing Cells. Biophys J 2020; 118:2319-2332. [PMID: 32320674 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear morphology of eukaryotic cells is determined by the interplay between the lamina forming the nuclear skeleton, the chromatin inside the nucleus, and the coupling with the cytoskeleton. Nuclear alterations are often associated with pathological conditions as in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome, in which a mutation in the lamin A gene yields an altered form of the protein, named progerin, and an aberrant nuclear shape. Here, we introduce an inducible cellular model of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome in HeLa cells in which increased progerin expression leads to alterations in the coupling of the lamin shell with cytoskeletal or chromatin tethers as well as with polycomb group proteins. Furthermore, our experiments show that progerin expression leads to enhanced nuclear shape fluctuations in response to cytoskeletal activity. To interpret the experimental results, we introduce a computational model of the cell nucleus that explicitly includes chromatin fibers, the nuclear shell, and coupling with the cytoskeleton. The model allows us to investigate how the geometrical organization of the chromatin-lamin tether affects nuclear morphology and shape fluctuations. In sum, our findings highlight the crucial role played by lamin-chromatin and lamin-cytoskeletal alterations in determining nuclear shape morphology and in affecting cellular functions and gene regulation.
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Romero-Bueno R, de la Cruz Ruiz P, Artal-Sanz M, Askjaer P, Dobrzynska A. Nuclear Organization in Stress and Aging. Cells 2019; 8:cells8070664. [PMID: 31266244 PMCID: PMC6678840 DOI: 10.3390/cells8070664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The eukaryotic nucleus controls most cellular processes. It is isolated from the cytoplasm by the nuclear envelope, which plays a prominent role in the structural organization of the cell, including nucleocytoplasmic communication, chromatin positioning, and gene expression. Alterations in nuclear composition and function are eminently pronounced upon stress and during premature and physiological aging. These alterations are often accompanied by epigenetic changes in histone modifications. We review, here, the role of nuclear envelope proteins and histone modifiers in the 3-dimensional organization of the genome and the implications for gene expression. In particular, we focus on the nuclear lamins and the chromatin-associated protein BAF, which are linked to Hutchinson–Gilford and Nestor–Guillermo progeria syndromes, respectively. We also discuss alterations in nuclear organization and the epigenetic landscapes during normal aging and various stress conditions, ranging from yeast to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Romero-Bueno
- Andalusian Center for Developmental Biology (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Junta de Andalucia/Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Patricia de la Cruz Ruiz
- Andalusian Center for Developmental Biology (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Junta de Andalucia/Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Marta Artal-Sanz
- Andalusian Center for Developmental Biology (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Junta de Andalucia/Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Peter Askjaer
- Andalusian Center for Developmental Biology (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Junta de Andalucia/Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain.
| | - Agnieszka Dobrzynska
- Andalusian Center for Developmental Biology (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Junta de Andalucia/Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain.
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Zhai W, Yong D, El-Jawhari JJ, Cuthbert R, McGonagle D, Win Naing M, Jones E. Identification of senescent cells in multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell cultures: Current methods and future directions. Cytotherapy 2019; 21:803-819. [PMID: 31138507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Regardless of their tissue of origin, multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are commonly expanded in vitro for several population doublings to achieve a sufficient number of cells for therapy. Prolonged MSC expansion has been shown to result in phenotypical, morphological and gene expression changes in MSCs, which ultimately lead to the state of senescence. The presence of senescent cells in therapeutic MSC batches is undesirable because it reduces their viability, differentiation potential and trophic capabilities. Additionally, senescent cells acquire senescence-activated secretory phenotype, which may not only induce apoptosis in the neighboring host cells following MSC transplantation, but also trigger local inflammatory reactions. This review outlines the current and promising new methodologies for the identification of senescent cells in MSC cultures, with a particular emphasis on non-destructive and label-free methodologies. Technologies allowing identification of individual senescent cells, based on new surface markers, offer potential advantage for targeted senescent cell removal using new-generation senolytic agents, and subsequent production of therapeutic MSC batches fully devoid of senescent cells. Methods or a combination of methods that are non-destructive and label-free, for example, involving cell size and spectroscopic measurements, could be the best way forward because they do not modify the cells of interest, thus maximizing the final output of therapeutic-grade MSC cultures. The further incorporation of machine learning methods has also recently shown promise in facilitating, automating and enhancing the analysis of these measured data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichao Zhai
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds, UK; Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, A*STAR, Innovis, Singapore
| | - Derrick Yong
- Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, A*STAR, Innovis, Singapore
| | - Jehan Jomaa El-Jawhari
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds, UK; Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Richard Cuthbert
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds, UK
| | - Dennis McGonagle
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds, UK
| | - May Win Naing
- Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, A*STAR, Innovis, Singapore
| | - Elena Jones
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and musculoskeletal Medicine, Leeds, UK.
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Kuk MU, Kim JW, Lee YS, Cho KA, Park JT, Park SC. Alleviation of Senescence via ATM Inhibition in Accelerated Aging Models. Mol Cells 2019; 42:210-217. [PMID: 30726661 PMCID: PMC6449716 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.0352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of mitochondrial function is closely linked to the control of senescence. In our previous study, we uncovered a novel mechanism in which senescence amelioration in normal aging cells is mediated by the recovered mitochondrial function upon Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) inhibition. However, it remains elusive whether this mechanism is also applicable to senescence amelioration in accelerated aging cells. In this study, we examined the role of ATM inhibition on mitochondrial function in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) and Werner syndrome (WS) cells. We found that ATM inhibition induced mitochondrial functional recovery accompanied by metabolic reprogramming, which has been known to be a prerequisite for senescence alleviation in normal aging cells. Indeed, the induced mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming was coupled with senescence amelioration in accelerated aging cells. Furthermore, the therapeutic effect via ATM inhibition was observed in HGPS as evidenced by reduced progerin accumulation with concomitant decrease of abnormal nuclear morphology. Taken together, our data indicate that the mitochondrial functional recovery by ATM inhibition might represent a promising strategy to ameliorate the accelerated aging phenotypes and to treat age-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myeong Uk Kuk
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon,
Korea
| | - Jae Won Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon,
Korea
| | - Young-Sam Lee
- Well Aging Research Center, Daegu,
Korea
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Kyung A Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju,
Korea
| | - Joon Tae Park
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon,
Korea
| | - Sang Chul Park
- Well Aging Research Center, Daegu,
Korea
- The Future Life & Society Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju,
Korea
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11
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Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome-Current Status and Prospects for Gene Therapy Treatment. Cells 2019; 8:cells8020088. [PMID: 30691039 PMCID: PMC6406247 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is one of the most severe disorders among laminopathies—a heterogeneous group of genetic diseases with a molecular background based on mutations in the LMNA gene and genes coding for interacting proteins. HGPS is characterized by the presence of aging-associated symptoms, including lack of subcutaneous fat, alopecia, swollen veins, growth retardation, age spots, joint contractures, osteoporosis, cardiovascular pathology, and death due to heart attacks and strokes in childhood. LMNA codes for two major, alternatively spliced transcripts, give rise to lamin A and lamin C proteins. Mutations in the LMNA gene alone, depending on the nature and location, may result in the expression of abnormal protein or loss of protein expression and cause at least 11 disease phenotypes, differing in severity and affected tissue. LMNA gene-related HGPS is caused by a single mutation in the LMNA gene in exon 11. The mutation c.1824C > T results in activation of the cryptic donor splice site, which leads to the synthesis of progerin protein lacking 50 amino acids. The accumulation of progerin is the reason for appearance of the phenotype. In this review, we discuss current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of HGPS and provide a critical analysis of current research trends in this field. We also discuss the mouse models available so far, the current status of treatment of the disease, and future prospects for the development of efficient therapies, including gene therapy for HGPS.
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12
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Al-Saaidi RA, Rasmussen TB, Birkler RID, Palmfeldt J, Beqqali A, Pinto YM, Nissen PH, Baandrup U, Mølgaard H, Hey TM, Eiskjaer H, Bross P, Mogensen J. The clinical outcome of LMNA missense mutations can be associated with the amount of mutated protein in the nuclear envelope. Eur J Heart Fail 2018; 20:1404-1412. [PMID: 29943882 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.1241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Lamin A/C mutations are generally believed to be associated with a severe prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate disease expression in three affected families carrying different LMNA missense mutations. Furthermore, the potential molecular disease mechanisms of the mutations were investigated in fibroblasts obtained from mutation carriers. METHODS AND RESULTS A LMNA-p.Arg216Cys missense mutation was identified in a large family with 36 mutation carriers. Disease expression was unusual with a late onset and a favourable prognosis. Two smaller families with severe disease expression were shown to carry a LMNA-p.Arg471Cys and LMNA-p.Arg471His mutation, respectively. LMNA gene and protein expression was investigated in eight different mutation carriers by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and protein mass spectrometry. The results showed that all mutation carriers incorporated mutated lamin protein into the nuclear envelope. Interestingly, the ratio of mutated to wild-type protein was only 30:70 in LMNA-p.Arg216Cys carriers with a favourable prognosis while LMNA-p.Arg471Cys and LMNA-p.Arg471His carriers with a more severe outcome expressed significantly more of the mutated protein by a ratio of 50:50. CONCLUSION The clinical findings indicated that some LMNA mutations may be associated with a favourable prognosis and a low risk of sudden death. Protein expression studies suggested that a severe outcome was associated with the expression of high amounts of mutated protein. These findings may prove to be helpful in counselling and risk assessment of LMNA families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha A Al-Saaidi
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University and University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Rune I D Birkler
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University and University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Johan Palmfeldt
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University and University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Abdelaziz Beqqali
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yigal M Pinto
- Heart Failure Research Center, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter H Nissen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ulrik Baandrup
- Centre for Clinical Research, North Denmark Regional Hospital/Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Henning Mølgaard
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas M Hey
- Department of Cardiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Hans Eiskjaer
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Peter Bross
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University and University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jens Mogensen
- Department of Cardiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Del Campo L, Hamczyk MR, Andrés V, Martínez-González J, Rodríguez C. Mechanisms of vascular aging: What can we learn from Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome? CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2018; 30:120-132. [PMID: 29602596 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Aging is the main risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The increased prevalence of CVD is partly due to the global increase in life expectancy. In this context, it is essential to identify the mechanisms by which aging induces CVD, with the ultimate aim of reducing its incidence. Both atherosclerosis and heart failure significantly contribute to age-associated CVD morbidity and mortality. Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by the synthesis of progerin, which is noted for accelerated aging and CVD. This mutant form of prelamin A induces generalised atherosclerosis, vascular calcification, and cardiac electrophysiological abnormalities, leading to premature aging and death, mainly due to myocardial infarction and stroke. This review discusses the main vascular structural and functional abnormalities during physiological and premature aging, as well as the mechanisms involved in the exacerbated CVD and accelerated aging induced by the accumulation of progerin and prelamin A. Both proteins are expressed in non-HGPS individuals, and physiological aging shares many features of progeria. Research into HGPS could therefore shed light on novel mechanisms involved in the physiological aging of the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Del Campo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, España; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), España
| | - Magda R Hamczyk
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, España; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), España
| | - Vicente Andrés
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, España; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), España.
| | - José Martínez-González
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), España; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona (IIBB-CSIC), IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, España
| | - Cristina Rodríguez
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), España; Institut de Recerca del Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau-Programa ICCC, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, España.
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14
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Kreienkamp R, Croke M, Neumann MA, Bedia-Diaz G, Graziano S, Dusso A, Dorsett D, Carlberg C, Gonzalo S. Vitamin D receptor signaling improves Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome cellular phenotypes. Oncotarget 2017; 7:30018-31. [PMID: 27145372 PMCID: PMC5058660 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) is a devastating incurable premature aging disease caused by accumulation of progerin, a toxic lamin A mutant protein. HGPS patient-derived cells exhibit nuclear morphological abnormalities, altered signaling pathways, genomic instability, and premature senescence. Here we uncover new molecular mechanisms contributing to cellular decline in progeria. We demonstrate that HGPS cells reduce expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR) and DNA repair factors BRCA1 and 53BP1 with progerin accumulation, and that reconstituting VDR signaling via 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D) treatment improves HGPS phenotypes, including nuclear morphological abnormalities, DNA repair defects, and premature senescence. Importantly, we discovered that the 1,25D/VDR axis regulates LMNA gene expression, as well as expression of DNA repair factors. 1,25D dramatically reduces progerin production in HGPS cells, while stabilizing BRCA1 and 53BP1, two key factors for genome integrity. Vitamin D/VDR axis emerges as a new target for treatment of HGPS and potentially other lamin-related diseases exhibiting VDR deficiency and genomic instability. Because progerin expression increases with age, maintaining vitamin D/VDR signaling could keep the levels of progerin in check during physiological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ray Kreienkamp
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Monica Croke
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Martin A Neumann
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Gonzalo Bedia-Diaz
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Simona Graziano
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Adriana Dusso
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Dale Dorsett
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Carsten Carlberg
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Susana Gonzalo
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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15
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Hamczyk MR, del Campo L, Andrés V. Aging in the Cardiovascular System: Lessons from Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome. Annu Rev Physiol 2017; 80:27-48. [PMID: 28934587 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-021317-121454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Aging, the main risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), is becoming progressively more prevalent in our societies. A better understanding of how aging promotes CVD is therefore urgently needed to develop new strategies to reduce disease burden. Atherosclerosis and heart failure contribute significantly to age-associated CVD-related morbimortality. CVD and aging are both accelerated in patients suffering from Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), a rare genetic disorder caused by the prelamin A mutant progerin. Progerin causes extensive atherosclerosis and cardiac electrophysiological alterations that invariably lead to premature aging and death. This review summarizes the main structural and functional alterations to the cardiovascular system during physiological and premature aging and discusses the mechanisms underlying exaggerated CVD and aging induced by prelamin A and progerin. Because both proteins are expressed in normally aging non-HGPS individuals, and most hallmarks of normal aging occur in progeria, research on HGPS can identify mechanisms underlying physiological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda R Hamczyk
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; .,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lara del Campo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; .,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Andrés
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain; .,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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16
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Gonzalo S, Kreienkamp R, Askjaer P. Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome: A premature aging disease caused by LMNA gene mutations. Ageing Res Rev 2017; 33:18-29. [PMID: 27374873 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Products of the LMNA gene, primarily lamin A and C, are key components of the nuclear lamina, a proteinaceous meshwork that underlies the inner nuclear membrane and is essential for proper nuclear architecture. Alterations in lamin A and C that disrupt the integrity of the nuclear lamina affect a whole repertoire of nuclear functions, causing cellular decline. In humans, hundreds of mutations in the LMNA gene have been identified and correlated with over a dozen degenerative disorders, referred to as laminopathies. These diseases include neuropathies, muscular dystrophies, lipodystrophies, and premature aging diseases. This review focuses on one of the most severe laminopathies, Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS), which is caused by aberrant splicing of the LMNA gene and expression of a mutant product called progerin. Here, we discuss current views about the molecular mechanisms that contribute to the pathophysiology of this devastating disease, as well as the strategies being tested in vitro and in vivo to counteract progerin toxicity. In particular, progerin accumulation elicits nuclear morphological abnormalities, misregulated gene expression, defects in DNA repair, telomere shortening, and genomic instability, all of which limit cellular proliferative capacity. In patients harboring this mutation, a severe premature aging disease develops during childhood. Interestingly, progerin is also produced in senescent cells and cells from old individuals, suggesting that progerin accumulation might be a factor in physiological aging. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms whereby progerin expression leads to HGPS is an emergent area of research, which could bring us closer to understanding the pathology of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Gonzalo
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA.
| | - Ray Kreienkamp
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Peter Askjaer
- Andalusian Center for Developmental Biology (CABD), CSIC/Junta de Andalucia/Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera, Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
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17
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Pecorari I, Puzzi L, Sbaizero O. Atomic force microscopy and lamins: A review study towards future, combined investigations. Microsc Res Tech 2016; 80:97-108. [PMID: 27859883 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the last decades, atomic force microscopy (AFM) underwent a rapid and stunning development, especially for studying mechanical properties of biological samples. The numerous discoveries relying to this approach, have increased the credit of AFM as a versatile tool, and potentially eligible as a diagnostic equipment. Meanwhile, it has become strikingly evident that lamins are involved on the onset and development of certain diseases, including cancer, Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome, cardiovascular pathologies, and muscular dystrophy. A new category of pathologies has been defined, the laminopathies, which are caused by mutations in the gene encoding for A-type lamins. As the majority of medical issues, lamins, and all their related aspects can be considered as a quite complex problem. Indeed, there are many facets to explore, and this definitely requires a multidisciplinary approach. One of the most intriguing aspects concerning lamins is their remarkable contribute to cells mechanics. Over the years, this has led to the speculation of the so-called "structural hypothesis", which attempts to elucidate the etiology and some features of the laminopathies. Among the various techniques tried to figure out the role of lamins in the cells mechanics, the AFM has been already successfully applied, proving its versatility. Therefore, the present work aims both to highlight the qualities of AFM and to review the most relevant knowledge about lamins, in order to promote the study of the latter, taking advantage from the former. Microsc. Res. Tech. 80:97-108, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Pecorari
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 6-34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Luca Puzzi
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 6-34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Orfeo Sbaizero
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 6-34127, Trieste, Italy
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18
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Skin Disease in Laminopathy-Associated Premature Aging. J Invest Dermatol 2015; 135:2577-2583. [PMID: 26290387 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2015.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear lamina, a protein network located under the nuclear membrane, has during the past decade found increasing interest due to its significant involvement in a range of genetic diseases, including the segmental premature aging syndromes Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome, restrictive dermopathy, and atypical Werner syndrome. In this review we examine these diseases, some caused by mutations in the LMNA gene, and their skin disease features. Advances within this area might also provide novel insights into the biology of skin aging, as recent data suggest that low levels of progerin are expressed in unaffected individuals and these levels increase with aging.
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19
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Barthélémy F, Navarro C, Fayek R, Da Silva N, Roll P, Sigaudy S, Oshima J, Bonne G, Papadopoulou-Legbelou K, Evangeliou AE, Spilioti M, Lemerrer M, Wevers RA, Morava E, Robaglia-Schlupp A, Lévy N, Bartoli M, De Sandre-Giovannoli A. Truncated prelamin A expression in HGPS-like patients: a transcriptional study. Eur J Hum Genet 2015; 23:1051-61. [PMID: 25649378 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2014.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Premature aging syndromes are rare genetic disorders mimicking clinical and molecular features of aging. A recently identified group of premature aging syndromes is linked to mutation of the LMNA gene encoding lamins A and C, and is associated with nuclear deformation and dysfunction. Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) was the first premature aging syndrome linked to LMNA mutation and its molecular bases have been deeply investigated. It is due to a recurrent de novo mutation leading to aberrant splicing and the production of a truncated and toxic nuclear lamin A precursor (prelamin AΔ50), also called progerin. In this work and based on the literature data, we propose to distinguish two main groups of premature aging laminopathies: (1) HGPS and HGP-like syndromes, which share clinical features due to hampered processing and intranuclear toxic accumulation of prelamin A isoforms; and (2) APS (atypical progeria syndromes), due to dominant or recessive missense mutations affecting lamins A and C. Among HGPS-like patients, several deleted prelamin A transcripts (prelamin AΔ50, AΔ35 and AΔ90) have been described. The purpose of this work was to characterize those transcripts in eight patients affected with HGP-like rare syndromes. When fibroblasts were available, the relationships between the presence and ratios of these transcripts and other parameters were studied, aiming to increase our understanding of genotype-phenotype relationships in HGPS-like patients. Altogether our results evidence that progerin accumulation is the major pathogenetic mechanism responsible for HGP-like syndromes due to mutations near the donor splice site of exon 11.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claire Navarro
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, GMGF UMR_S 910, Marseille, France
| | - Racha Fayek
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, GMGF UMR_S 910, Marseille, France
| | | | - Patrice Roll
- 1] Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, GMGF UMR_S 910, Marseille, France [2] Département de Génétique Médicale et de Biologie Cellulaire, AP-HM, Hôpital d'Enfants de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Sabine Sigaudy
- 1] Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, GMGF UMR_S 910, Marseille, France [2] Département de Génétique Médicale et de Biologie Cellulaire, AP-HM, Hôpital d'Enfants de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Junko Oshima
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gisèle Bonne
- 1] Inserm, U974, Paris, France [2] Université Pierre et Marie Curie- Paris 6, UM 76, CNRS, UMR 7215, Institut de Myologie, Paris, France [3] AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, U.F. Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique, Service de Biochimie Métabolique, Paris, France
| | - Kyriaki Papadopoulou-Legbelou
- 4th Department of Pediatrics of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athanasios E Evangeliou
- 4th Department of Pediatrics of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Martha Spilioti
- 1st Department of Neurology of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Martine Lemerrer
- Département de génétique, IFR 94-Institut de Recherche Necker Enfants Malades- CHU Paris-Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Ron A Wevers
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, IGMD, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Morava
- Clinical Biochemical Genetics, Hayward Genetics Center, Tulane University Medical School, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Andrée Robaglia-Schlupp
- 1] Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, GMGF UMR_S 910, Marseille, France [2] Département de Génétique Médicale et de Biologie Cellulaire, AP-HM, Hôpital d'Enfants de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Lévy
- 1] Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, GMGF UMR_S 910, Marseille, France [2] Département de Génétique Médicale et de Biologie Cellulaire, AP-HM, Hôpital d'Enfants de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Marc Bartoli
- 1] Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, GMGF UMR_S 910, Marseille, France [2] Département de Génétique Médicale et de Biologie Cellulaire, AP-HM, Hôpital d'Enfants de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Annachiara De Sandre-Giovannoli
- 1] Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, GMGF UMR_S 910, Marseille, France [2] Département de Génétique Médicale et de Biologie Cellulaire, AP-HM, Hôpital d'Enfants de la Timone, Marseille, France
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20
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Do lamin A and lamin C have unique roles? Chromosoma 2014; 124:1-12. [PMID: 25283634 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-014-0484-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The A-type lamins, lamin A and lamin C, generated from a single gene, LMNA, are major structural components of the nuclear lamina. The two alternative splice products have mostly been studied together because they have been considered to be interchangeable. However, several lines of evidence indicate that in spite of being generated from the same gene and having high similarities in their primary sequences, the two isoforms are not equivalent in different biological aspects in both health and disease. The key question is whether they have both overlapping and unique functions and whether they are distinctly regulated. Based on the so far available experimental evidence, lamin A appears to be the most regulated A-type isoform during development, aging, and disease which indicates that lamin A is implicated in many different biological aspects and may have a greater repertoire of specialized functions than lamin C. The aim of this review is to point out differences between the two major LMNA splice variants and the consequences of these differences on their functions. This may guide further research and be of prime importance for the understanding of the pathogenesis of LMNA mutations.
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Ghosh S, Zhou Z. Genetics of aging, progeria and lamin disorders. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2014; 26:41-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Abstract
The LMNA gene gives rise to at least three isoforms (lamin A, C, lamin AΔ10) as a result of normal alternative splicing, regulated by cis- and trans-acting regulatory factors, as well as the 5' and 3' untranslated regions of the gene. The two main isoforms, lamin A and C, are constitutive components of the fibrous nuclear lamina and have diverse physiological roles, ranging from mechanical nuclear membrane maintenance to gene regulation. The clinical spectrum of diseases (called 'laminopathies') caused by LMNA mutations is broad, including at least eight well-characterised phenotypes, some of which are confined to the skeletal muscles or skin, while others are multisystemic. This review discusses the different alternatively spliced isoforms of LMNA and the regulation of LMNA splicing, as well as the subgroup of mutations that affect splicing of LMNA pre-mRNA, and also seeks to bridge the mis-splicing of LMNA at transcript level and the resulting clinical phenotypes. Finally, we discuss the manipulation of LMNA splicing by splice-switching antisense oligonucleotides and its therapeutic potential for the treatment of some laminopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Bei Luo
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, Australian Neuro-Muscular Research Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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New ZMPSTE24 (FACE1) mutations in patients affected with restrictive dermopathy or related progeroid syndromes and mutation update. Eur J Hum Genet 2013; 22:1002-11. [PMID: 24169522 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2013.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Revised: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Restrictive dermopathy (RD) is a rare and extremely severe congenital genodermatosis, characterized by a tight rigid skin with erosions at flexure sites, multiple joint contractures, low bone density and pulmonary insufficiency generally leading to death in the perinatal period. RD is caused in most patients by compound heterozygous or homozygous ZMPSTE24 null mutations. This gene encodes a metalloprotease specifically involved in lamin A post-translational processing. Here, we report a total of 16 families for whom diagnosis and molecular defects were clearly established. Among them, we report seven new ZMPSTE24 mutations, identified in classical RD or Mandibulo-acral dysplasia (MAD) affected patients. We also report nine families with one or two affected children carrying the common, homozygous thymine insertion in exon 9 and demonstrate the lack of a founder effect. In addition, we describe several new ZMPSTE24 variants identified in unaffected controls or in patients affected with non-classical progeroid syndromes. In addition, this mutation update includes a comprehensive search of the literature on previously described ZMPSTE24 mutations and associated phenotypes. Our comprehensive analysis of the molecular pathology supported the general rule: complete loss-of-function of ZMPSTE24 leads to RD, whereas other less severe phenotypes are associated with at least one haploinsufficient allele.
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24
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Al-Saaidi R, Rasmussen TB, Palmfeldt J, Nissen PH, Beqqali A, Hansen J, Pinto YM, Boesen T, Mogensen J, Bross P. The LMNA mutation p.Arg321Ter associated with dilated cardiomyopathy leads to reduced expression and a skewed ratio of lamin A and lamin C proteins. Exp Cell Res 2013; 319:3010-9. [PMID: 24001739 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2013.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a disease of the heart muscle characterized by cardiac chamber enlargement and reduced systolic function of the left ventricle. Mutations in the LMNA gene represent the most frequent known genetic cause of DCM associated with disease of the conduction systems. The LMNA gene generates two major transcripts encoding the nuclear lamina major components lamin A and lamin C by alternative splicing. Both haploinsuffiency and dominant negative effects have been proposed as disease mechanism for premature termination codon (PTC) mutations in LMNA. These mechanisms however are still not clearly established. In this study, we used a representative LMNA nonsense mutation, p.Arg321Ter, to shed light on the molecular disease mechanisms. Cultured fibroblasts from three DCM patients carrying this mutation were analyzed. Quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR and sequencing of these PCR products indicated that transcripts from the mutant allele were degraded by the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) mechanism. The fact that no truncated mutant protein was detectable in western blot (WB) analysis strengthens the notion that the mutant transcript is efficiently degraded. Furthermore, WB analysis showed that the expression of lamin C protein was reduced by the expected approximately 50%. Clearly decreased lamin A and lamin C levels were also observed by immunofluorescence microscopy analysis. However, results from both WB and nano-liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry demonstrated that the levels of lamin A protein were more reduced suggesting an effect on expression of lamin A from the wild type allele. PCR analysis of the ratio of lamin A to lamin C transcripts showed unchanged relative amounts of lamin A transcript suggesting that the effect on the wild type allele was operative at the protein level. Immunofluorescence microscopy analysis showed no abnormal nuclear morphology of patient fibroblast cells. Based on these data, we propose that heterozygosity for the nonsense mutation causes NMD degradation of the mutant transcripts blocking expression of the truncated mutant protein and an additional trans effect on lamin A protein levels expressed from the wild type allele. We discuss the possibility that skewing of the lamin A to lamin C ratio may contribute to ensuing processes that destabilize cardiomyocytes and trigger cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Al-Saaidi
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Abstract
Arterial ageing is characterized by age associated degeneration and sclerosis of the media layer of the large arteries. However, besides ageing, clinical conditions, which enhance oxidative stress and inflammation act to accelerate the degree of arterial ageing. In this review, we summarized the pathophysiology and contributing factors that accelerate arterial ageing. Among them, we focused on hypertension, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and vascular inflammation which are modifiable causes of the arterial ageing process. Also, novel treatment targets derived from the disease models such as the Hutchinson Gilford Progeria Syndrome were reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Jun Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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26
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Zhavoronkov A, Smit-McBride Z, Guinan KJ, Litovchenko M, Moskalev A. Potential therapeutic approaches for modulating expression and accumulation of defective lamin A in laminopathies and age-related diseases. J Mol Med (Berl) 2012; 90:1361-89. [PMID: 23090008 PMCID: PMC3506837 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-012-0962-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2012] [Revised: 09/08/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Scientific understanding of the genetic components of aging has increased in recent years, with several genes being identified as playing roles in the aging process and, potentially, longevity. In particular, genes encoding components of the nuclear lamina in eukaryotes have been increasingly well characterized, owing in part to their clinical significance in age-related diseases. This review focuses on one such gene, which encodes lamin A, a key component of the nuclear lamina. Genetic variation in this gene can give rise to lethal, early-onset diseases known as laminopathies. Here, we analyze the literature and conduct computational analyses of lamin A signaling and intracellular interactions in order to examine potential mechanisms for altering or slowing down aberrant Lamin A expression and/or for restoring the ratio of normal to aberrant lamin A. The ultimate goal of such studies is to ameliorate or combat laminopathies and related diseases of aging, and we provide a discussion of current approaches in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Zhavoronkov
- Bioinformatics and Medical Information Technology Laboratory, Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, 119296 Russia
- The Biogerontology Research Foundation, Reading, UK
| | - Zeljka Smit-McBride
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Kieran J. Guinan
- The Biogerontology Research Foundation, Reading, UK
- BioAtlantis Ltd., Kerry Technology Park, Tralee, County Kerry Ireland
| | - Maria Litovchenko
- Bioinformatics and Medical Information Technology Laboratory, Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, 119296 Russia
| | - Alexey Moskalev
- The Biogerontology Research Foundation, Reading, UK
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiobiology and Gerontology, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, 167982 Russia
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Dubinska-Magiera M, Zaremba-Czogalla M, Rzepecki R. Muscle development, regeneration and laminopathies: how lamins or lamina-associated proteins can contribute to muscle development, regeneration and disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2012; 70:2713-41. [PMID: 23138638 PMCID: PMC3708280 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-1190-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Revised: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review article is to evaluate the current knowledge on associations between muscle formation and regeneration and components of the nuclear lamina. Lamins and their partners have become particularly intriguing objects of scientific interest since it has been observed that mutations in genes coding for these proteins lead to a wide range of diseases called laminopathies. For over the last 10 years, various laboratories worldwide have tried to explain the pathogenesis of these rare disorders. Analyses of the distinct aspects of laminopathies resulted in formulation of different hypotheses regarding the mechanisms of the development of these diseases. In the light of recent discoveries, A-type lamins—the main building blocks of the nuclear lamina—together with other key elements, such as emerin, LAP2α and nesprins, seem to be of great importance in the modulation of various signaling pathways responsible for cellular differentiation and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Dubinska-Magiera
- Department of Animal Developmental Biology, University of Wroclaw, 21 Sienkiewicza Street, 50-335, Wroclaw, Poland
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