1
|
Iñiguez-Muñoz S, Llinàs-Arias P, Ensenyat-Mendez M, Bedoya-López AF, Orozco JIJ, Cortés J, Roy A, Forsberg-Nilsson K, DiNome ML, Marzese DM. Hidden secrets of the cancer genome: unlocking the impact of non-coding mutations in gene regulatory elements. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:274. [PMID: 38902506 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05314-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Discoveries in the field of genomics have revealed that non-coding genomic regions are not merely "junk DNA", but rather comprise critical elements involved in gene expression. These gene regulatory elements (GREs) include enhancers, insulators, silencers, and gene promoters. Notably, new evidence shows how mutations within these regions substantially influence gene expression programs, especially in the context of cancer. Advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies have accelerated the identification of somatic and germline single nucleotide mutations in non-coding genomic regions. This review provides an overview of somatic and germline non-coding single nucleotide alterations affecting transcription factor binding sites in GREs, specifically involved in cancer biology. It also summarizes the technologies available for exploring GREs and the challenges associated with studying and characterizing non-coding single nucleotide mutations. Understanding the role of GRE alterations in cancer is essential for improving diagnostic and prognostic capabilities in the precision medicine era, leading to enhanced patient-centered clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Iñiguez-Muñoz
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory at the Cancer Cell Biology Group, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Pere Llinàs-Arias
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory at the Cancer Cell Biology Group, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Miquel Ensenyat-Mendez
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory at the Cancer Cell Biology Group, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Andrés F Bedoya-López
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory at the Cancer Cell Biology Group, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Javier I J Orozco
- Saint John's Cancer Institute, Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Javier Cortés
- International Breast Cancer Center (IBCC), Pangaea Oncology, Quiron Group, 08017, Barcelona, Spain
- Medica Scientia Innovation Research SL (MEDSIR), 08018, Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ananya Roy
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karin Forsberg-Nilsson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, UK
| | - Maggie L DiNome
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Diego M Marzese
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory at the Cancer Cell Biology Group, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Alsheikh AJ, Wollenhaupt S, King EA, Reeb J, Ghosh S, Stolzenburg LR, Tamim S, Lazar J, Davis JW, Jacob HJ. The landscape of GWAS validation; systematic review identifying 309 validated non-coding variants across 130 human diseases. BMC Med Genomics 2022; 15:74. [PMID: 35365203 PMCID: PMC8973751 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-022-01216-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The remarkable growth of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) has created a critical need to experimentally validate the disease-associated variants, 90% of which involve non-coding variants. Methods To determine how the field is addressing this urgent need, we performed a comprehensive literature review identifying 36,676 articles. These were reduced to 1454 articles through a set of filters using natural language processing and ontology-based text-mining. This was followed by manual curation and cross-referencing against the GWAS catalog, yielding a final set of 286 articles. Results We identified 309 experimentally validated non-coding GWAS variants, regulating 252 genes across 130 human disease traits. These variants covered a variety of regulatory mechanisms. Interestingly, 70% (215/309) acted through cis-regulatory elements, with the remaining through promoters (22%, 70/309) or non-coding RNAs (8%, 24/309). Several validation approaches were utilized in these studies, including gene expression (n = 272), transcription factor binding (n = 175), reporter assays (n = 171), in vivo models (n = 104), genome editing (n = 96) and chromatin interaction (n = 33). Conclusions This review of the literature is the first to systematically evaluate the status and the landscape of experimentation being used to validate non-coding GWAS-identified variants. Our results clearly underscore the multifaceted approach needed for experimental validation, have practical implications on variant prioritization and considerations of target gene nomination. While the field has a long way to go to validate the thousands of GWAS associations, we show that progress is being made and provide exemplars of validation studies covering a wide variety of mechanisms, target genes, and disease areas. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12920-022-01216-w.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ammar J Alsheikh
- Genomics Research Center, AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, Illinois, 60064, USA.
| | - Sabrina Wollenhaupt
- Information Research, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, 67061, Knollstrasse, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Emily A King
- Genomics Research Center, AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, Illinois, 60064, USA
| | - Jonas Reeb
- Information Research, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, 67061, Knollstrasse, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Sujana Ghosh
- Genomics Research Center, AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, Illinois, 60064, USA
| | | | - Saleh Tamim
- Genomics Research Center, AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, Illinois, 60064, USA
| | - Jozef Lazar
- Genomics Research Center, AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, Illinois, 60064, USA
| | - J Wade Davis
- Genomics Research Center, AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, Illinois, 60064, USA
| | - Howard J Jacob
- Genomics Research Center, AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, Illinois, 60064, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li J, Zhou L, Ouyang X, He P. Transcription Factor-7-Like-2 (TCF7L2) in Atherosclerosis: A Potential Biomarker and Therapeutic Target. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:701279. [PMID: 34568447 PMCID: PMC8459927 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.701279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor-7-like-2 (TCF7L2), a vital member of the T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF/LEF) family, plays an important role in normal human physiological and pathological processes. TCF7L2 exhibits multiple anti-atherosclerotic effects through the activation of specific molecular mechanisms, including regulation of metabolic homeostasis, macrophage polarization, and neointimal hyperplasia. A single-nucleotide substitution of TCF7L2, rs7903146, is a genetic high-risk factor for type 2 diabetes and indicates susceptibility to cardiovascular disease as a link between metabolic disorders and atherosclerosis. In this review, we summarize the anti-atherosclerosis effect and novel mechanisms underlying the function of TCF7L2 to elucidate its potential as an anti-atherosclerosis biomarker and provide a novel therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Li
- School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Southwest University Public Health Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinping Ouyang
- Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Department of Physiology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical College, The Neuroscience Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Pingping He
- School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rao S, Yao Y, Bauer DE. Editing GWAS: experimental approaches to dissect and exploit disease-associated genetic variation. Genome Med 2021; 13:41. [PMID: 33691767 PMCID: PMC7948363 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-021-00857-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have uncovered thousands of genetic variants that influence risk for human diseases and traits. Yet understanding the mechanisms by which these genetic variants, mainly noncoding, have an impact on associated diseases and traits remains a significant hurdle. In this review, we discuss emerging experimental approaches that are being applied for functional studies of causal variants and translational advances from GWAS findings to disease prevention and treatment. We highlight the use of genome editing technologies in GWAS functional studies to modify genomic sequences, with proof-of-principle examples. We discuss the challenges in interrogating causal variants, points for consideration in experimental design and interpretation of GWAS locus mechanisms, and the potential for novel therapeutic opportunities. With the accumulation of knowledge of functional genetics, therapeutic genome editing based on GWAS discoveries will become increasingly feasible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuquan Rao
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Harvard Stem Cell Institute; Broad Institute; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Yao Yao
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Harvard Stem Cell Institute; Broad Institute; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Daniel E Bauer
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Harvard Stem Cell Institute; Broad Institute; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sabiha B, Bhatti A, Fan KH, John P, Aslam MM, Ali J, Feingold E, Demirci FY, Kamboh MI. Assessment of genetic risk of type 2 diabetes among Pakistanis based on GWAS-implicated loci. Gene 2021; 783:145563. [PMID: 33705809 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified multiple type 2 diabetes (T2D) loci, mostly among populations of European descent. There is a high prevalence of T2D among Pakistanis. Both genetic and environmental factors may be responsible for this high prevalence. In order to understand the shared genetic basis of T2D among Pakistanis and Europeans, we examined 77 genome-wide significant variants previously implicated among European populations. We genotyped 77 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by iPLEX® Gold or TaqMan® assays in a case-control sample of 1,683 individuals. Association analysis was performed using logistic regression. A total of 16 SNPs (TCF7L2/rs7903146, GLIS3/rs7041847, CHCHD9/rs13292136, PLEKHA1/rs2292626, FTO/rs9936385, CDKAL1/rs7756992, KCNJ11/rs5215, LOC105372155/rs12970134, KCNQ1/rs163182, CTRB1/rs7202877, ST6GAL1/rs16861329, ADAMTS9-AS2/rs6795735, LOC105370275/rs1359790, C5orf67/rs459193, ZBED3-AS1/rs6878122 and UBE2E2/rs7612463) showed statistically significant associations after controlling for the false discovery rate. While KCNQ1/rs163182 and ZBED3-AS1/rs6878122 showed opposite allelic effects, the remaining significant SNPs had the same allelic effects as reported previously. Our data indicate that a selected number of T2D loci previously identified among populations of European descent also affect the risk of T2D in the Pakistani population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bibi Sabiha
- Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Attya Bhatti
- Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Kang-Hsien Fan
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Peter John
- Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Muaaz Aslam
- Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Johar Ali
- Center for Genome Sciences, Rehman Medical College, Phase-V, Hayatabad, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Eleanor Feingold
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - F Yesim Demirci
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - M Ilyas Kamboh
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Benberin VV, Vochshenkova TA, Abildinova GZ, Borovikova AV, Nagimtayeva AA. Polymorphic genetic markers and how they are associated with clinical and metabolic indicators of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Kazakh population. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 20:131-140. [PMID: 34178825 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00720-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a serious public health problem worldwide. The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship of eight polymorphic gene variants with the development of clinical-metabolic rates of type 2 diabetes mellitus inside Kazakh population. Materials and methods 139 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 100 patients in the control group were examined. Genotyping of polymorphisms of candidate genes was carried out on a next generation QuantStudio 12 K Flex unit. Results Gene TCF7L2 locus rs7901695 and rs7903146, gene KCNQ1 locus rs2237892, rs7756992, and gene CDKAL1 locus rs7754840 demonstrated statistically significant associations with glucose metabolism, lipid profile and body mass index (BMI) in type 2 DM inside the population. Statistically significant difference in anthropometric and biochemical measures of rs17584499, rs4712523 and rs163184 has not been revealed. Conclusions Genetic polymorphisms that influence pancreatic gland beta-cells insulin release and secretion associate with metabolic and anthropometric measures definitive for type 2 DM in Kazakh population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeriy V Benberin
- Medical Center Hospital of the President's Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan, 80 Mangilik El Avenue / E495 bld. 2, Nur-Sultan, 010000 Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Tamara A Vochshenkova
- Gerontology Center, Medical Center Hospital of the President's Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan, 80 Mangilik El Avenue / E495 bld. 2, Nur-Sultan, 010000 Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Gulshara Zh Abildinova
- Gerontology Center, Medical Center Hospital of the President's Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan, 80 Mangilik El Avenue / E495 bld. 2, Nur-Sultan, 010000 Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Anna V Borovikova
- Gerontology Center, Medical Center Hospital of the President's Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan, 80 Mangilik El Avenue / E495 bld. 2, Nur-Sultan, 010000 Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Almagul A Nagimtayeva
- Gerontology Center, Medical Center Hospital of the President's Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan, 80 Mangilik El Avenue / E495 bld. 2, Nur-Sultan, 010000 Republic of Kazakhstan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Grant SFA. The TCF7L2 Locus: A Genetic Window Into the Pathogenesis of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2019; 42:1624-1629. [PMID: 31409726 PMCID: PMC6702598 DOI: 10.2337/dci19-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Over the past ∼15 years there has been great progress in our understanding of the genetics of both type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. This has been driven principally by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in increasingly larger sample sizes, where many distinct loci have now been reported for both traits. One of the loci that dominates these studies is the TCF7L2 locus for type 2 diabetes. This genetic signal has been leveraged to explore multiple aspects of disease risk, including developments in genetic risk scores, genetic commonalities with cancer, and for gaining insights into diabetes-related molecular pathways. Furthermore, the TCF7L2 locus has aided in providing insights into the genetics of both latent autoimmune diabetes in adults and various presentations of type 1 diabetes. This review outlines the knowledge gained to date and highlights how work with this locus leads the way in guiding how many other genetic loci could be similarly used to gain insights into the pathogenesis of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Struan F A Grant
- Divisions of Human Genetics and Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Witka BZ, Oktaviani DJ, Marcellino M, Barliana MI, Abdulah R. Type 2 Diabetes-Associated Genetic Polymorphisms as Potential Disease Predictors. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2019; 12:2689-2706. [PMID: 31908510 PMCID: PMC6927489 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s230061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a major cause of mortality worldwide. There are several types of diabetes, with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) being the most common. Many factors, including environmental and genetic factors, are involved in the etiology of the disease. Numerous studies have reported the role of genetic polymorphisms in the initiation and development of T2DM. While genome-wide association studies have identified around more than 200 susceptibility loci, it remains unclear whether these loci are correlated with the pathophysiology of the disease. The present review aimed to elucidate the potential genetic mechanisms underlying T2DM. We found that some genetic polymorphisms were related to T2DM, either in the form of single-nucleotide polymorphisms or direct amino acid changes in proteins. These polymorphisms are potential predictors for the management of T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beska Z Witka
- Departement of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Dede J Oktaviani
- Departement of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Marcellino Marcellino
- Departement of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Melisa I Barliana
- Departement of Biological Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
- Correspondence: Melisa I Barliana Department of Biological Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung Sumedang KM. 21, Jatinangor45363, Indonesia Email
| | - Rizky Abdulah
- Departement of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fernández-Rhodes L, Howard AG, Graff M, Isasi CR, Highland HM, Young KL, Parra E, Below JE, Qi Q, Kaplan RC, Justice AE, Papanicolaou G, Laurie CC, Grant SFA, Haiman C, Loos RJF, North KE. Complex patterns of direct and indirect association between the transcription Factor-7 like 2 gene, body mass index and type 2 diabetes diagnosis in adulthood in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. BMC OBESITY 2018; 5:26. [PMID: 30305909 PMCID: PMC6167893 DOI: 10.1186/s40608-018-0200-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Genome-wide association studies have implicated the transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene in type 2 diabetes risk, and more recently, in decreased body mass index. Given the contrary direction of genetic effects on these two traits, it has been suggested that the observed association with body mass index may reflect either selection bias or a complex underlying biology at TCF7L2. Methods Using 9031 Hispanic/Latino adults (21–76 years) with complete weight history and genetic data from the community-based Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL, Baseline 2008–2011), we estimated the multivariable association between the additive number of type 2 diabetes increasing-alleles at TCF7L2 (rs7903146-T) and body mass index. We then used structural equation models to simultaneously model the genetic association on changes in body mass index across the life course and estimate the odds of type 2 diabetes per TCF7L2 risk allele. Results We observed both significant increases in type 2 diabetes prevalence at examination (independent of body mass index) and decreases in mean body mass index and waist circumference across genotypes at rs7903146. We observed a significant multivariable association between the additive number of type 2 diabetes-risk alleles and lower body mass index at examination. In our structured modeling, we observed non-significant inverse direct associations between rs7903146-T and body mass index at ages 21 and 45 years, and a significant positive association between rs7903146-T and type 2 diabetes onset in both middle and late adulthood. Conclusions Herein, we replicated the protective effect of rs7930146-T on body mass index at multiple time points in the life course, and observed that these effects were not explained by past type 2 diabetes status in our structured modeling. The robust replication of the negative effects of TCF7L2 on body mass index in multiple samples, including in our diverse Hispanic/Latino community-based sample, supports a growing body of literature on the complex biologic mechanism underlying the functional consequences of TCF7L2 on obesity and type 2 diabetes across the life course. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40608-018-0200-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Fernández-Rhodes
- 1Department of Epidemiology, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 123 W Franklin St, Building C, Chapel Hill, NC USA.,2Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 123 W Franklin St, Building C, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Annie Green Howard
- 2Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 123 W Franklin St, Building C, Chapel Hill, NC USA.,3Department of Biostatistics, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Mariaelisa Graff
- 1Department of Epidemiology, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 123 W Franklin St, Building C, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- 4Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY USA
| | - Heather M Highland
- 1Department of Epidemiology, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 123 W Franklin St, Building C, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Kristin L Young
- 1Department of Epidemiology, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 123 W Franklin St, Building C, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Esteban Parra
- 5Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto at Mississauga, Mississauga, ON Canada
| | - Jennifer E Below
- 6Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Qibin Qi
- 4Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY USA
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- 4Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY USA
| | - Anne E Justice
- 7Biomedical and Translational Informatics Institute, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA USA
| | - George Papanicolaou
- 8Epidemiology Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Cathy C Laurie
- 9Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Struan F A Grant
- 10Divisions of Human Genetics and Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Christopher Haiman
- 11Department of Preventive Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- 12Charles R. Bronfman Instituted for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Kari E North
- 1Department of Epidemiology, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 123 W Franklin St, Building C, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Huang ZQ, Liao YQ, Huang RZ, Chen JP, Sun HL. Possible role of TCF7L2 in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2018; 32:830-834. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2018.1438211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-qiu Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yao-qi Liao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Run-ze Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jin-peng Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Hui-lin Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xia Q, Lu S, Ostrovsky J, McCormack SE, Falk MJ, Grant SFA. PARP-1 Inhibition Rescues Short Lifespan in Hyperglycemic C. Elegans And Improves GLP-1 Secretion in Human Cells. Aging Dis 2018; 9:17-30. [PMID: 29392078 PMCID: PMC5772855 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2017.0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
TCF7L2 is located at one of the most strongly associated type 2 diabetes loci reported to date. We previously reported that the most abundant member of a specific protein complex to bind across the presumed causal variant at this locus, rs7903146, was poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase type 1 (PARP-1). We analyzed the impact of PARP-1 inhibition on C. elegans health in the setting of hyperglycemia and on glucose-stimulated GLP-1 secretion in human intestinal cells. Given that high glucose concentrations progressively shorten the lifespan of C. elegans, in part by impacting key well-conserved insulin-modulated signaling pathways, we investigated the effect of PARP-1 inhibition with Olaparib on the lifespan of C. elegans nematodes under varying hyperglycemic conditions. Subsequently, we investigated whether Olaparib treatment had any effect on glucose-stimulated GLP-1 secretion in the human NCI-H716 intestinal cell line, a model system for the investigation of enteroendocrine function. Treatment with 100uM Olaparib in nematodes exposed to high concentrations of glucose led to significant lifespan rescue. The beneficial lifespan effect of Olaparib appeared to require both PARP-1 and TCF7L2, since treatment had no effect in hyperglycemic conditions in knock-out worm strains for either of these homologs. Further investigation using the NCI-H716 cells revealed that Olaparib significantly enhanced secretion of the incretin, GLP-1, plus the gene expression of TCF7L2, GCG and PC1. These data from studies in both C. elegans and a human cell line suggest that PARP-1 inhibition offers a novel therapeutic avenue to treat type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianghua Xia
- 1Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sumei Lu
- 1Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Julian Ostrovsky
- 1Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shana E McCormack
- 2Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,3Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,4Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Marni J Falk
- 1Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,3Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Struan F A Grant
- 1Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,2Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,3Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,4Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xia Q, Chesi A, Manduchi E, Johnston BT, Lu S, Leonard ME, Parlin UW, Rappaport EF, Huang P, Wells AD, Blobel GA, Johnson ME, Grant SFA. The type 2 diabetes presumed causal variant within TCF7L2 resides in an element that controls the expression of ACSL5. Diabetologia 2016; 59:2360-2368. [PMID: 27539148 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-4077-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS One of the most strongly associated type 2 diabetes loci reported to date resides within the TCF7L2 gene. Previous studies point to the T allele of rs7903146 in intron 3 as the causal variant at this locus. We aimed to identify the actual gene(s) under the influence of this variant. METHODS Using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein-9 nuclease, we generated a 1.4 kb deletion of the genomic region harbouring rs7903146 in the HCT116 cell line, followed by global gene expression analysis. We then carried out a combination of circularised chromosome conformation capture (4C) and Capture C in cell lines, HCT116 and NCM460 in order to ascertain which promoters of these perturbed genes made consistent physical contact with this genomic region. RESULTS We observed 99 genes with significant differential expression (false discovery rate [FDR] cut-off:10%) and an effect size of at least twofold. The subsequent promoter contact analyses revealed just one gene, ACSL5, which resides in the same topologically associating domain as TCF7L2. The generation of additional, smaller deletions (66 bp and 104 bp) comprising rs7903146 showed consistently reduced ACSL5 mRNA levels across all three deletions of up to 30-fold, with commensurate loss of acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 5 (ACSL5) protein. Notably, the deletion of this single-nucleotide polymorphism region abolished significantly detectable chromatin contacts with the ACSL5 promoter. We went on to confirm that contacts between rs7903146 and the ACSL5 promoter regions were conserved in human colon tissue. ACSL5 encodes ACSL5, an enzyme with known roles in fatty acid metabolism. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION This 'variant to gene mapping' effort implicates the genomic location harbouring rs7903146 as a regulatory region for ACSL5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianghua Xia
- Divisions of Human Genetics and Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Boulevard, Room 1102D, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Alessandra Chesi
- Divisions of Human Genetics and Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Boulevard, Room 1102D, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Elisabetta Manduchi
- Divisions of Human Genetics and Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Boulevard, Room 1102D, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brian T Johnston
- Divisions of Human Genetics and Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Boulevard, Room 1102D, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sumei Lu
- Divisions of Human Genetics and Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Boulevard, Room 1102D, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Michelle E Leonard
- Divisions of Human Genetics and Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Boulevard, Room 1102D, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ursula W Parlin
- Divisions of Human Genetics and Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Boulevard, Room 1102D, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Eric F Rappaport
- NAPCore, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Peng Huang
- Division of Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrew D Wells
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gerd A Blobel
- Division of Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Matthew E Johnson
- Divisions of Human Genetics and Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Boulevard, Room 1102D, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Struan F A Grant
- Divisions of Human Genetics and Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Boulevard, Room 1102D, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li G, Cunin P, Wu D, Diogo D, Yang Y, Okada Y, Plenge RM, Nigrovic PA. The Rheumatoid Arthritis Risk Variant CCR6DNP Regulates CCR6 via PARP-1. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006292. [PMID: 27626929 PMCID: PMC5023119 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the implications of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for disease biology requires both identification of causal variants and definition of how these variants alter gene function. The non-coding triallelic dinucleotide polymorphism CCR6DNP is associated with risk for rheumatoid arthritis, and is considered likely causal because allelic variation correlates with expression of the chemokine receptor CCR6. Using transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN) gene editing, we confirmed that CCR6DNP regulates CCR6. To identify the associated transcription factor, we applied a novel assay, Flanking Restriction Enhanced Pulldown (FREP), to identify specific association of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) with CCR6DNP consistent with the established allelic risk hierarchy. Correspondingly, manipulation of PARP-1 expression or activity impaired CCR6 expression in several lineages. These findings show that CCR6DNP is a causal variant through which PARP-1 regulates CCR6, and introduce a highly efficient approach to interrogate non-coding genetic polymorphisms associated with human disease. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identify loci associated with human disease risk, but bridging the gap between locus and mechanism has proven particularly difficult in cases where associated variants do not alter coding. We aimed to develop a generalizable approach to this problem. Previously, a dual nucleotide polymorphism within the first intron of CCR6 (termed the CCR6DNP) had been associated with risk for rheumatoid arthritis, but the pathway by which this variant altered gene expression could not be determined. Here, we employed sequence perturbation to confirm a regulatory role for the CCR6DNP. Next, using a new technique termed Flanking Restriction Enhanced Pulldown (FREP), we identified PARP-1 as the protein that regulates CCR6 expression through allelic association with the CCR6DNP, a finding confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation and functional assays. These findings reveal an unexpected regulatory pathway for CCR6 implicated in rheumatoid arthritis and other disease by human genetics, and more generally introduce a novel approach to identifying regulatory protein-DNA interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (GL); (PAN)
| | - Pierre Cunin
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Di Wu
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Statistics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Centre for Cancer Research, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dorothée Diogo
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yu Yang
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Robert M. Plenge
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Peter A. Nigrovic
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (GL); (PAN)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Genetic variants associated with gestational diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis and subgroup analysis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30539. [PMID: 27468700 PMCID: PMC4965817 DOI: 10.1038/srep30539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) share common genetic polymorphisms. We conducted meta-analysis and subgroup analysis of all available variants and determined the effects of confounding and experimental components on the genetic association of GDM. Any case-controlled or cohort studies with genotype distribution compared GDM cases with controls were included. In total, 28 articles including 8,204 cases and 15,221 controls for 6 polymorphisms were studied. rs10830963(MTNR1B), rs7903146(TCF7L2), and rs1801278(IRS1) were significantly associated with the increased GDM risk. The association of rs4402960(IGF2BP2) and rs1800629(TNF-α) was significant only when the studies with control allele frequency deviation and publication bias were excluded. Further subgroup analysis showed the risk alleles of rs7903146(TCF7L2) and rs1801282(PPARG) were significantly associated with the GDM risk only in Asian, but not in Caucasian population. The OGTT test using 100 g, but not 75 g; and genotype detection by other assays, but not Taqman method, were also significantly associated with increased GDM risk in rs1801278(IRS1) and rs7903146(TCF7L2). Overall GDM was associated with rs10830963(MTNR1B), rs7903146(TCF7L2), and rs1801278(IRS1), but only rs7903146(TCF7L2) and rs1801282(PPARG) were significant in Asian populations. While rs1801278(IRS1) and rs7903146(TCF7L2) were significantly affected by OGTT protocol and genotyping methods.
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhou Y, Oskolkov N, Shcherbina L, Ratti J, Kock KH, Su J, Martin B, Oskolkova MZ, Göransson O, Bacon J, Li W, Bucciarelli S, Cilio C, Brazma A, Thatcher B, Rung J, Wierup N, Renström E, Groop L, Hansson O. HMGB1 binds to the rs7903146 locus in TCF7L2 in human pancreatic islets. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 430:138-45. [PMID: 26845344 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The intronic SNP rs7903146 in the T-cell factor 7-like 2 gene (TCF7L2) is the common genetic variant most highly associated with Type 2 diabetes known to date. The risk T-allele is located in an open chromatin region specific to human pancreatic islets of Langerhans, thereby accessible for binding of regulatory proteins. The risk T-allele locus exhibits stronger enhancer activity compared to the non-risk C-allele. The aim of this study was to identify transcriptional regulators that bind the open chromatin region in the rs7903146 locus and thereby potentially regulate TCF7L2 expression and activity. Using affinity chromatography followed by Edman sequencing, we identified one candidate regulatory protein, i.e. high-mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1). The binding of HMGB1 to the rs7903146 locus was confirmed in pancreatic islets from human deceased donors, in HCT116 and in HEK293 cell lines using: (i) protein purification on affinity columns followed by Western blot, (ii) chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by qPCR and (iii) electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The results also suggested that HMGB1 might have higher binding affinity to the C-allele of rs7903146 compared to the T-allele, which was supported in vitro using Dynamic Light Scattering, possibly in a tissue-specific manner. The functional consequence of HMGB1 depletion in HCT116 and INS1 cells was reduced insulin and TCF7L2 mRNA expression, TCF7L2 transcriptional activity and glucose stimulated insulin secretion. These findings suggest that the rs7903146 locus might exert its enhancer function by interacting with HMGB1 in an allele dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuedan Zhou
- Department of Clinical Sciences, CRC, Lund University, Malmö, 20502, Sweden
| | - Nikolay Oskolkov
- Department of Clinical Sciences, CRC, Lund University, Malmö, 20502, Sweden
| | - Liliya Shcherbina
- Department of Clinical Sciences, CRC, Lund University, Malmö, 20502, Sweden
| | - Joyce Ratti
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1GA, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kian-Hong Kock
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1GA, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jing Su
- European Bioinformatics Institute, Functional Genomics, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Brian Martin
- National Institute of Mental Health NIMH, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Olga Göransson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, CRC, Lund University, Malmö, 20502, Sweden
| | - Julie Bacon
- Department of Clinical Sciences, CRC, Lund University, Malmö, 20502, Sweden
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Lund University, Lund, 22100, Sweden
| | | | - Corrado Cilio
- Department of Clinical Sciences, CRC, Lund University, Malmö, 20502, Sweden
| | - Alvis Brazma
- European Bioinformatics Institute, Functional Genomics, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Bradley Thatcher
- Department of Clinical Sciences, CRC, Lund University, Malmö, 20502, Sweden
| | - Johan Rung
- European Bioinformatics Institute, Functional Genomics, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Nils Wierup
- Department of Clinical Sciences, CRC, Lund University, Malmö, 20502, Sweden
| | - Erik Renström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, CRC, Lund University, Malmö, 20502, Sweden
| | - Leif Groop
- Department of Clinical Sciences, CRC, Lund University, Malmö, 20502, Sweden
| | - Ola Hansson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, CRC, Lund University, Malmö, 20502, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jin T. Current Understanding on Role of the Wnt Signaling Pathway Effector TCF7L2 in Glucose Homeostasis. Endocr Rev 2016; 37:254-77. [PMID: 27159876 DOI: 10.1210/er.2015-1146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The role of the Wnt signaling pathway in metabolic homeostasis has drawn our intensive attention, especially after the genome-wide association study discovery that certain polymorphisms of its key effector TCF7L2 are strongly associated with the susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. For a decade, great efforts have been made in determining the function of TCF7L2 in various metabolic organs, which have generated both considerable achievements and disputes. In this review, I will briefly introduce the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, focusing on its effector β-catenin/TCF, including emphasizing the bidirectional feature of TCFs and β-catenin post-translational modifications. I will then summarize the observations on the association between TCF7L2 polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes risk. The main content, however, is on the intensive functional exploration of the metabolic role of TCF7L2, including the disputes generated on determining its role in the pancreas and liver with various transgenic mouse lines. Finally, I will discuss those achievements and disputes and present my future perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianru Jin
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|