1
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Nasimi Shad A, Moghbeli M. Integrins as the pivotal regulators of cisplatin response in tumor cells. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:265. [PMID: 38741195 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01648-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) is a widely used first-line chemotherapeutic drug in various cancers. However, CDDP resistance is frequently observed in cancer patients. Therefore, it is required to evaluate the molecular mechanisms associated with CDDP resistance to improve prognosis among cancer patients. Integrins are critical factors involved in tumor metastasis that regulate cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions. They modulate several cellular mechanisms including proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, polarity, and chemo resistance. Modification of integrin expression levels can be associated with both tumor progression and inhibition. Integrins are also involved in drug resistance of various solid tumors through modulation of the tumor cell interactions with interstitial matrix and extracellular matrix (ECM). Therefore, in the present review we discussed the role of integrin protein family in regulation of CDDP response in tumor cells. It has been reported that integrins mainly promoted the CDDP resistance through interaction with PI3K/AKT, MAPK, and WNT signaling pathways. They also regulated the CDDP mediated apoptosis in tumor cells. This review paves the way to suggest the integrins as the reliable therapeutic targets to improve CDDP response in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arya Nasimi Shad
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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2
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Wang Y, Hotz A, Esser PR, Fischer J, Has C. Amino Acid Substitution in the Cysteine-Rich Region of the Integrin β4 Subunit Causes Late-Onset Mild Junctional Epidermolysis Bullosa without Extracutaneous Involvement. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:2233-2242.e3. [PMID: 37211201 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Integrin α6β4, encoded by ITGA6 and ITGB4, is a transmembrane component of hemidesmosomes and plays an important role in connecting keratinocytes with extracellular matrix proteins. ITGB4 or ITGA6 biallelic pathogenic variants cause junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB) with pyloric atresia, which is associated with high lethality. Patients who survive usually develop JEB of intermediate severity and urorenal manifestations. In this study, we report a very rare subtype of late-onset, nonsyndromic JEB associated with a recurrent amino acid substitution in the highly conserved cysteine-rich tandem repeats of the integrin β4 subunit. Literature review shows that among the patients diagnosed with ITGB4 mutations, only two had no extracutaneous manifestations, and only two patients with JEB with pyloric atresia carried missense mutations located in cysteine-rich tandem repeats. We analyzed the consequences of the novel ITGB4 variant c.1642G>A, p.Gly548Arg, on the clinical phenotype, the predicted protein structure, cellular phenotype, and gene expression pattern to show its pathogenicity. The results indicated that the p.Gly548Arg amino acid substitution affected the protein structure of integrin β4 subunits and disrupted the stability of hemidesmosomes and in turn impaired the adhesion of keratinocytes. RNA-sequencing results indicated similar changes in extracellular matrix structure organization and differentiation in keratinocytes completely devoid of integrin β4 and with the amino acid substitution p.Gly548Arg, which further supports the dysregulation of the function of the integrin β4 subunit caused by p.Gly548Arg. Our results provided evidence for a late-onset, mild JEB subtype without extracutaneous manifestations and extend the ITGB4-related genotype-phenotype correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alrun Hotz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philipp R Esser
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Judith Fischer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cristina Has
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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3
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Wang W, Zhu L, Zhou J, Liu X, Xiao M, Chen N, Huang X, Chen H, Pei X, Zhang H. Targeting the KRT16-vimentin axis for metastasis in lung cancer. Pharmacol Res 2023:106818. [PMID: 37315823 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most diagnosed malignant cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with advanced stage and metastasis being a major issue. The mechanism leading to metastasis is not yet understood. Here, we found that KRT16 is upregulated in metastatic lung cancer tissues and correlated with poor overall survival. Knockdown of KRT16 inhibits metastasis of lung cancer both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, KRT16 interacts with vimentin, and depletion of KRT16 leads to downregulation of vimentin. KRT16 acquired its oncogenic ability by stabilizing vimentin, and vimentin is required for KRT16-driven metastasis. FBXO21 mediates the polyubiquitination and degradation of KRT16, and vimentin inhibits KRT16 ubiquitination and degradation by impairing its interaction with FBXO21. Significantly, IL-15 inhibits metastasis of lung cancer in a mouse model through upregulation of FBXO21, and the level of IL-15 in circulating serum was significantly higher in nonmetastatic lung cancer patients than in metastatic patients. Our findings indicate that targeting the FBXO21/KRT16/vimentin axis may benefit lung cancer patients with metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wang
- Department of Oncology, The fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 519000(,) Zhuhai(,) China.
| | - Lifei Zhu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 510515(,) Guangzhou(,) China.
| | - Jiao Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 519000(,) Zhuhai(,) China.
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Department of Oncology, The fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 519000(,) Zhuhai(,) China.
| | - Mei Xiao
- Department of Oncology, The fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 519000(,) Zhuhai(,) China.
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Oncology, The fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 519000(,) Zhuhai(,) China.
| | - Xiaodan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 510060, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hongtao Chen
- Department of Laboratory, The fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 519000(,) Zhuhai(,) China.
| | - Xiaofeng Pei
- Department of Oncology, The fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 519000(,) Zhuhai(,) China.
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 519000(,) Zhuhai(,) China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 519000, Zhuhai, China.
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4
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Xu QQ, Li QJ, Xu Z, Lan LL, Hou Z, Liu J, Lu L, Chen YY, Chen RZ, Wen X. Prognostic value of the immunohistochemical score based on four markers in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1076890. [PMID: 36911694 PMCID: PMC9992793 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1076890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) ranks sixth among all cancers globally regarding morbidity, and it has a poor prognosis, high mortality, and highly aggressive properties. In this study, we established a model for predicting prognosis based on immunohistochemical (IHC) scores. Methods Data on 402 HNSCC cases were collected, the glmnet Cox proportional hazards model was used, risk factors were analyzed for predicting the prognosis of survival, and the IHC score was established. We used the IHC score to predict disease-free survival (DFS) using training and independent validation cohorts, including 264 cases in total. Additionally, the accuracy of the IHC score and the TNM system (8th edition) was compared. A DFS prediction nomogram was established by combining the prognostic factors. Results The IHC scores included CK, Ki-67, p16, and p40 staining intensity. The concordance index and the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the IHC scores had high predictive power for HNSCC. Our results showed that the IHC score is an independent factor that can predict prognosis in a multivariate Cox regression analysis. When predicting DFS, the IHC score had a significantly higher value for the area under the ROC curve (AUC) than that of the TNM system. A nomogram was established and included the IHC score, age, tumor location, and the TNM stage. The calibration curves exhibited high consistency between the prognosis predicted by our nomogram and the actual prognosis. Conclusions The IHC score was more accurate than the eighth edition of the TNM system in predicting HNSCC prognosis. Therefore, combining the two methods can facilitate individualized patient consultation and care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Qing Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Jie Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Long Lan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zan Hou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - LiXia Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Run-Zhe Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Wen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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5
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Fischer NG, Aparicio C. Junctional epithelium and hemidesmosomes: Tape and rivets for solving the "percutaneous device dilemma" in dental and other permanent implants. Bioact Mater 2022; 18:178-198. [PMID: 35387164 PMCID: PMC8961425 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The percutaneous device dilemma describes etiological factors, centered around the disrupted epithelial tissue surrounding non-remodelable devices, that contribute to rampant percutaneous device infection. Natural percutaneous organs, in particular their extracellular matrix mediating the "device"/epithelium interface, serve as exquisite examples to inspire longer lasting long-term percutaneous device design. For example, the tooth's imperviousness to infection is mediated by the epithelium directly surrounding it, the junctional epithelium (JE). The hallmark feature of JE is formation of hemidesmosomes, cell/matrix adhesive structures that attach surrounding oral gingiva to the tooth's enamel through a basement membrane. Here, the authors survey the multifaceted functions of the JE, emphasizing the role of the matrix, with a particular focus on hemidesmosomes and their five main components. The authors highlight the known (and unknown) effects dental implant - as a model percutaneous device - placement has on JE regeneration and synthesize this information for application to other percutaneous devices. The authors conclude with a summary of bioengineering strategies aimed at solving the percutaneous device dilemma and invigorating greater collaboration between clinicians, bioengineers, and matrix biologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G. Fischer
- MDRCBB-Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, 16-212 Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Conrado Aparicio
- MDRCBB-Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, 16-212 Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Division of Basic Research, Faculty of Odontology, UIC Barcelona – Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, C/. Josep Trueta s/n, 08195, Sant Cugat del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), C/. Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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6
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COL17A1 facilitates tumor growth and predicts poor prognosis in pancreatic cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 632:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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7
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Kubanov AA, Chikin VV, Karamova AE, Monchakovskaya ES. Junctional epidermolysis bullosa: genotype-phenotype correlations. VESTNIK DERMATOLOGII I VENEROLOGII 2022. [DOI: 10.25208/vdv1391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Junctional epidermolysis bullosa most commonly results from mutations in theLAMA3, LAMB3, LAMC2, COL17A1, ITGA6 and ITGB4genes. Junctional epidermolysis bullosa is characterized by clinical heterogeneity. To date, scientific findings allow to evaluate correlations between the severity of clinical manifestations and genetic defects underlying in the development of the disease. A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed and RSCI, and keywords including junctional epidermolysis bullosa, laminin 332, collagen XVII, 64 integrin. The review includes description of clinical findings of junctional epidermolysis bullosa, mutation location and types, its impact on protein production and functions. To evaluate the impact of gene mutation on protein functions, this review explores the structure and functions of lamina lucida components, including laminin 332, collagen XVII and 64 integrin, which are frequently associated with the development of junctional epidermolysis bullosa. The correlation between severe types of junctional epidermolysis bullosa and mutations resulting in premature stop codon generation and complete absence of protein expression has been described. Although, genotype-phenotype correlations should be analyzed carefully due to mechanisms which enable to improve protein expression.
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8
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Li Y, Wang D, Ge H, Güngör C, Gong X, Chen Y. Cytoskeletal and Cytoskeleton-Associated Proteins: Key Regulators of Cancer Stem Cell Properties. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1369. [PMID: 36355541 PMCID: PMC9698833 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of cancer cells possessing stemness characteristics that are closely associated with tumor proliferation, recurrence and resistance to therapy. Recent studies have shown that different cytoskeletal components and remodeling processes have a profound impact on the behavior of CSCs. In this review, we outline the different cytoskeletal components regulating the properties of CSCs and discuss current and ongoing therapeutic strategies targeting the cytoskeleton. Given the many challenges currently faced in targeted cancer therapy, a deeper comprehension of the molecular events involved in the interaction of the cytoskeleton and CSCs will help us identify more effective therapeutic strategies to eliminate CSCs and ultimately improve patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of General Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Heming Ge
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of General Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cenap Güngör
- Department of General Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Xuejun Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yongheng Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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Paine SK, Das S, Bhattacharyya C, Biswas NK, Rao R, De A, Basu A. Autosomal recessive inheritance of a novel missense mutation of ITGB4 for Epidermolysis-Bullosa pyloric-atresia: a case report. Mol Genet Genomics 2022; 297:1581-1586. [PMID: 35997841 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-022-01941-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Epidermolysis-Bullosa (EB), a rare Mendelian disorder, exhibits complex phenotypic and locus-heterogeneity. We identified a nuclear family of clinically unaffected parents with two offsprings manifesting EB-Pyloric-Atresia (EB-PA), with a variable clinical severity. We generated whole exome sequence data on all four individuals to (1) identify the causal mutation behind EB-PA (2) understand the background genetic variation for phenotype variability of the siblings. We assumed an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance and used suites of bioinformatic and computational tools to collate information through global databases to identify the causal genetic variant for the disease. We also investigated variations in key genes that are likely to impact phenotype severity. We identified a novel missense mutation in the ITGB4 gene (p.Ala1227Asp), for which the parents were heterozygous and the children homozygous. The mutation in ITGB4 gene, predicted to reduce the stability of the primary alpha6beta4-plectin complex compared to all previously studied mutations on ITGB4 reported to cause EB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Subrata Das
- National Institute of BioMedical Genomics, Kalyani, India
| | | | | | | | - Abhishek De
- Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Analabha Basu
- National Institute of BioMedical Genomics, Kalyani, India.
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10
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Jang TH, Huang WC, Tung SL, Lin SC, Chen PM, Cho CY, Yang YY, Yen TC, Lo GH, Chuang SE, Wang LH. MicroRNA-485-5p targets keratin 17 to regulate oral cancer stemness and chemoresistance via the integrin/FAK/Src/ERK/β-catenin pathway. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:42. [PMID: 35706019 PMCID: PMC9202219 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00824-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The development of drug resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) that frequently leads to recurrence and metastasis after initial treatment remains an unresolved challenge. Presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) has been increasingly reported to be a critical contributing factor in drug resistance, tumor recurrence and metastasis. Thus, unveiling of mechanisms regulating CSCs and potential targets for developing their inhibitors will be instrumental for improving OSCC therapy. Methods siRNA, shRNA and miRNA that specifically target keratin 17 (KRT17) were used for modulation of gene expression and functional analyses. Sphere-formation and invasion/migration assays were utilized to assess cancer cell stemness and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) properties, respectively. Duolink proximity ligation assay (PLA) was used to examine molecular proximity between KRT17 and plectin, which is a large protein that binds cytoskeleton components. Cell proliferation assay was employed to evaluate growth rates and viability of oral cancer cells treated with cisplatin, carboplatin or dasatinib. Xenograft mouse tumor model was used to evaluate the effect of KRT17- knockdown in OSCC cells on tumor growth and drug sensitization. Results Significantly elevated expression of KRT17 in highly invasive OSCC cell lines and advanced tumor specimens were observed and high KRT17 expression was correlated with poor overall survival. KRT17 gene silencing in OSCC cells attenuated their stemness properties including markedly reduced sphere forming ability and expression of stemness and EMT markers. We identified a novel signaling cascade orchestrated by KRT17 where its association with plectin resulted in activation of integrin β4/α6, increased phosphorylation of FAK, Src and ERK, as well as stabilization and nuclear translocation of β-catenin. The activation of this signaling cascade was correlated with enhanced OSCC cancer stemness and elevated expression of CD44 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). We identified and demonstrated KRT17 to be a direct target of miRNA-485-5p. Ectopic expression of miRNA-485-5p inhibited OSCC sphere formation and caused sensitization of cancer cells towards cisplatin and carboplatin, which could be significantly rescued by KRT17 overexpression. Dasatinib treatment that inhibited KRT17-mediated Src activation also resulted in OSCC drug sensitization. In OSCC xenograft mouse model, KRT17 knockdown significantly inhibited tumor growth, and combinatorial treatment with cisplatin elicited a greater tumor inhibitory effect. Consistently, markedly reduced levels of integrin β4, active β-catenin, CD44 and EGFR were observed in the tumors induced by KRT17 knockdown OSCC cells. Conclusions A novel miRNA-485-5p/KRT17/integrin/FAK/Src/ERK/β-catenin signaling pathway is unveiled to modulate OSCC cancer stemness and drug resistance to the common first-line chemotherapeutics. This provides a potential new therapeutic strategy to inhibit OSCC stem cells and counter chemoresistance. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12929-022-00824-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Te-Hsuan Jang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chieh Huang
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shiao-Lin Tung
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ton-Yen General Hospital, Zhubei City, Hsinchu County, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Hsin Sheng Junior College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Chieh Lin
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ming Chen
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Cho
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Yu Yang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chen Yen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Hsuen Lo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Shuang-En Chuang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.
| | - Lu-Hai Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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11
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Qi L, Knifley T, Chen M, O'Connor KL. Integrin α6β4 requires plectin and vimentin for adhesion complex distribution and invasive growth. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:273711. [PMID: 34897465 PMCID: PMC8917354 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrin α6β4 binds plectin to associate with vimentin; however, the biological function remains unclear. Here, we utilized various integrin β4 mutants and CRISPR-Cas9 editing to investigate this association. Upon laminin binding, integrin α6β4 distinctly distributed peripherally as well as centrally, proximal to the nucleus. Upon fibronectin addition, integrin α6β4 was centrally recruited to large focal adhesions (FAs) and enhanced Fak (also known as PTK2) phosphorylation. Integrin β4 plectin-binding mutants or genetic deletion of plectin inhibited β4 recruitment to FAs and integrin α6β4-enhanced cell spreading, migration and three-dimensional invasive growth. Loss of the β4 signaling domain (but retaining plectin binding) blocked migration and invasiveness but not cell spreading, recruitment to FAs or colony growth. Immunostaining revealed that integrin α6β4 redistributed vimentin perinuclearly, where it colocalized with plectin and FAs. Depletion of vimentin completely blocked integrin β4-enhanced invasive growth, Fak phosphorylation and proliferation in three dimensions but not two dimensions. In summary, we demonstrate the essential roles of plectin and vimentin in promoting an invasive phenotype downstream of integrin α6β4. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qi
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506-0509, USA,Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506-0509, USA
| | - Teresa Knifley
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506-0509, USA,Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506-0509, USA
| | - Min Chen
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506-0509, USA,Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506-0509, USA
| | - Kathleen L. O'Connor
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506-0509, USA,Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506-0509, USA,Author for correspondence ()
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12
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Te Molder L, de Pereda JM, Sonnenberg A. Regulation of hemidesmosome dynamics and cell signaling by integrin α6β4. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:272177. [PMID: 34523678 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemidesmosomes (HDs) are specialized multiprotein complexes that connect the keratin cytoskeleton of epithelial cells to the extracellular matrix (ECM). In the skin, these complexes provide stable adhesion of basal keratinocytes to the underlying basement membrane. Integrin α6β4 is a receptor for laminins and plays a vital role in mediating cell adhesion by initiating the assembly of HDs. In addition, α6β4 has been implicated in signal transduction events that regulate diverse cellular processes, including proliferation and survival. In this Review, we detail the role of α6β4 in HD assembly and beyond, and we discuss the molecular mechanisms that regulate its function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Te Molder
- Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jose M de Pereda
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Arnoud Sonnenberg
- Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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13
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Buey RM, Fernández-Justel D, González-Holgado G, Martínez-Júlvez M, González-López A, Velázquez-Campoy A, Medina M, Buchanan BB, Balsera M. Unexpected diversity of ferredoxin-dependent thioredoxin reductases in cyanobacteria. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:285-296. [PMID: 33599267 PMCID: PMC8154056 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Thioredoxin reductases control the redox state of thioredoxins (Trxs)-ubiquitous proteins that regulate a spectrum of enzymes by dithiol-disulfide exchange reactions. In most organisms, Trx is reduced by NADPH via a thioredoxin reductase flavoenzyme (NTR), but in oxygenic photosynthetic organisms, this function can also be performed by an iron-sulfur ferredoxin (Fdx)-dependent thioredoxin reductase (FTR) that links light to metabolic regulation. We have recently found that some cyanobacteria, such as the thylakoid-less Gloeobacter and the ocean-dwelling green oxyphotobacterium Prochlorococcus, lack NTR and FTR but contain a thioredoxin reductase flavoenzyme (formerly tentatively called deeply-rooted thioredoxin reductase or DTR), whose electron donor remained undefined. Here, we demonstrate that Fdx functions in this capacity and report the crystallographic structure of the transient complex between the plant-type Fdx1 and the thioredoxin reductase flavoenzyme from Gloeobacter violaceus. Thereby, our data demonstrate that this cyanobacterial enzyme belongs to the Fdx flavin-thioredoxin reductase (FFTR) family, originally described in the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium pasteurianum. Accordingly, the enzyme hitherto termed DTR is renamed FFTR. Our experiments further show that the redox-sensitive peptide CP12 is modulated in vitro by the FFTR/Trx system, demonstrating that FFTR functionally substitutes for FTR in light-linked enzyme regulation in Gloeobacter. Altogether, we demonstrate the FFTR is spread within the cyanobacteria phylum and propose that, by substituting for FTR, it connects the reduction of target proteins to photosynthesis. Besides, the results indicate that FFTR acquisition constitutes a mechanism of evolutionary adaptation in marine phytoplankton such as Prochlorococcus that live in low-iron environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén M Buey
- Metabolic Engineering Group, Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - David Fernández-Justel
- Metabolic Engineering Group, Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Gloria González-Holgado
- Department of Abiotic Stress, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Salamanca 37008, Spain
| | - Marta Martínez-Júlvez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (GBsC-CSIC and BIFI-IQFR Joint Units), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - Adrián González-López
- Department of Abiotic Stress, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Salamanca 37008, Spain
| | - Adrián Velázquez-Campoy
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (GBsC-CSIC and BIFI-IQFR Joint Units), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
- Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS-Aragon), Zaragoza 50009, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Digestive and Hepatic Diseases (CIBERehd), Madrid 28029, Spain
- Fundación ARAID, Government of Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain, Department of Plant & Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94708, USA
| | - Milagros Medina
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (GBsC-CSIC and BIFI-IQFR Joint Units), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - Bob B Buchanan
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Digestive and Hepatic Diseases (CIBERehd), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Monica Balsera
- Department of Abiotic Stress, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Salamanca 37008, Spain
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14
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Ozols M, Eckersley A, Mellody KT, Mallikarjun V, Warwood S, O'Cualain R, Knight D, Watson REB, Griffiths CEM, Swift J, Sherratt MJ. Peptide location fingerprinting reveals modification-associated biomarker candidates of ageing in human tissue proteomes. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13355. [PMID: 33830638 PMCID: PMC8135079 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although dysfunctional protein homeostasis (proteostasis) is a key factor in many age-related diseases, the untargeted identification of structurally modified proteins remains challenging. Peptide location fingerprinting is a proteomic analysis technique capable of identifying structural modification-associated differences in mass spectrometry (MS) data sets of complex biological samples. A new webtool (Manchester Peptide Location Fingerprinter), applied to photoaged and intrinsically aged skin proteomes, can relatively quantify peptides and map statistically significant differences to regions within protein structures. New photoageing biomarker candidates were identified in multiple pathways including extracellular matrix organisation (collagens and proteoglycans), protein synthesis and folding (ribosomal proteins and TRiC complex subunits), cornification (keratins) and hemidesmosome assembly (plectin and integrin α6β4). Crucially, peptide location fingerprinting uniquely identified 120 protein biomarker candidates in the dermis and 71 in the epidermis which were modified as a consequence of photoageing but did not differ significantly in relative abundance (measured by MS1 ion intensity). By applying peptide location fingerprinting to published MS data sets, (identifying biomarker candidates including collagen V and versican in ageing tendon) we demonstrate the potential of the MPLF webtool for biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matiss Ozols
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine The University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Alexander Eckersley
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine The University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Kieran T. Mellody
- Division of Musculoskeletal & Dermatological Sciences The University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Venkatesh Mallikarjun
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine The University of Manchester Manchester UK
- Wellcome Centre for Cell‐Matrix Research The University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Stacey Warwood
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine The University of Manchester Manchester UK
- Biological Mass Spectrometry Core Research Facility School of Biological Sciences Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health The University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Ronan O'Cualain
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine The University of Manchester Manchester UK
- Biological Mass Spectrometry Core Research Facility School of Biological Sciences Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health The University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - David Knight
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine The University of Manchester Manchester UK
- Biological Mass Spectrometry Core Research Facility School of Biological Sciences Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health The University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Rachel E. B. Watson
- Division of Musculoskeletal & Dermatological Sciences The University of Manchester Manchester UK
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research CentreCentral Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustManchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester UK
| | - Christopher E. M. Griffiths
- Division of Musculoskeletal & Dermatological Sciences The University of Manchester Manchester UK
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research CentreCentral Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustManchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester UK
| | - Joe Swift
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine The University of Manchester Manchester UK
- Wellcome Centre for Cell‐Matrix Research The University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Michael J. Sherratt
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine The University of Manchester Manchester UK
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15
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Dhavalikar P, Robinson A, Lan Z, Jenkins D, Chwatko M, Salhadar K, Jose A, Kar R, Shoga E, Kannapiran A, Cosgriff-Hernandez E. Review of Integrin-Targeting Biomaterials in Tissue Engineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000795. [PMID: 32940020 PMCID: PMC7960574 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The ability to direct cell behavior has been central to the success of numerous therapeutics to regenerate tissue or facilitate device integration. Biomaterial scientists are challenged to understand and modulate the interactions of biomaterials with biological systems in order to achieve effective tissue repair. One key area of research investigates the use of extracellular matrix-derived ligands to target specific integrin interactions and induce cellular responses, such as increased cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. These integrin-targeting proteins and peptides have been implemented in a variety of different polymeric scaffolds and devices to enhance tissue regeneration and integration. This review first presents an overview of integrin-mediated cellular processes that have been identified in angiogenesis, wound healing, and bone regeneration. Then, research utilizing biomaterials are highlighted with integrin-targeting motifs as a means to direct these cellular processes to enhance tissue regeneration. In addition to providing improved materials for tissue repair and device integration, these innovative biomaterials provide new tools to probe the complex processes of tissue remodeling in order to enhance the rational design of biomaterial scaffolds and guide tissue regeneration strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachi Dhavalikar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Andrew Robinson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Ziyang Lan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Dana Jenkins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Malgorzata Chwatko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Karim Salhadar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Anupriya Jose
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Ronit Kar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Erik Shoga
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Aparajith Kannapiran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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16
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Mariath LM, Santin JT, Schuler-Faccini L, Kiszewski AE. Inherited epidermolysis bullosa: update on the clinical and genetic aspects. An Bras Dermatol 2020; 95:551-569. [PMID: 32732072 PMCID: PMC7563003 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited epidermolysis bullosa is a group of genetic diseases characterized by skin fragility and blistering on the skin and mucous membranes in response to minimal trauma. Epidermolysis bullosa is clinically and genetically very heterogeneous, being classified into four main types according to the layer of skin in which blistering occurs: epidermolysis bullosa simplex (intraepidermal), junctional epidermolysis bullosa (within the lamina lucida of the basement membrane), dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (below the basement membrane), and Kindler epidermolysis bullosa (mixed skin cleavage pattern). Furthermore, epidermolysis bullosa is stratified into several subtypes, which consider the clinical characteristics, the distribution of the blisters, and the severity of cutaneous and extracutaneous signs. Pathogenic variants in at least 16 genes that encode proteins essential for the integrity and adhesion of skin layers have already been associated with different subtypes of epidermolysis bullosa. The marked heterogeneity of the disease, which includes phenotypes with a broad spectrum of severity and many causal genes, hinders its classification and diagnosis. For this reason, dermatologists and geneticists regularly review and update the classification criteria. This review aimed to update the state of the art on inherited epidermolysis bullosa, with a special focus on the associated clinical and genetic aspects, presenting data from the most recent reclassification consensus, published in 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Monteavaro Mariath
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Tosetto Santin
- Postgraduate Program in Child and Adolescent Health, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Dermatology Service, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre/Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Elisa Kiszewski
- Dermatology Service, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre/Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Department of Clinical Medicine, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Pediatric Dermatology Unit, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre/Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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17
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Mariath LM, Santin JT, Frantz JA, Doriqui MJR, Schuler-Faccini L, Kiszewski AE. Genotype-phenotype correlations on epidermolysis bullosa with congenital absence of skin: A comprehensive review. Clin Genet 2020; 99:29-41. [PMID: 32506467 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Congenital absence of skin (CAS) is a clinical sign associated with the main types of epidermolysis bullosa (EB). Very few studies have investigated the genetic background that may influence the occurrence of this condition. Our objective was to investigate genotype-phenotype correlations on EB with CAS through a literature revision on the pathogenic variants previously reported. A total of 171 cases (49 EB simplex, EBS; 23 junctional EB, JEB; and 99 dystrophic EB, DEB), associated with 132 pathogenic variants in eight genes, were included in the genotype-phenotype analysis. In EBS, CAS showed to be a recurrent clinical sign in EBS with pyloric atresia (PA) and EBS associated with kelch-like protein 24; CAS was also described in patients with keratins 5/14 alterations, particularly involving severe phenotypes. In JEB, this is a common clinical sign in JEB with PA associated with premature termination codon variants and/or amino acid substitutions located in the extracellular domain of integrin α6β4 genes. In DEB with CAS, missense variants occurring close to non-collagenous interruptions of the triple-helix domain of collagen VII appear to influence this condition. This study is the largest review of patients with EB and CAS and expands the spectrum of known variants on this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Monteavaro Mariath
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Juliana Tosetto Santin
- Postgraduate Program in Child and Adolescent Health, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jeanine Aparecida Frantz
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Blumenau, Brazil.,Board of Directors, Debra-Brasil, Blumenau, Brazil
| | | | - Lavínia Schuler-Faccini
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Genética Médica Populacional (INaGeMP), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ana Elisa Kiszewski
- Section of Dermatology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Section of Pediatric Dermatology, Hospital da Criança Santo Antônio, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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18
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Kadry YA, Calderwood DA. Chapter 22: Structural and signaling functions of integrins. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183206. [PMID: 31991120 PMCID: PMC7063833 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The integrin family of transmembrane adhesion receptors is essential for sensing and adhering to the extracellular environment. Integrins are heterodimers composed of non-covalently associated α and β subunits that engage extracellular matrix proteins and couple to intracellular signaling and cytoskeletal complexes. Humans have 24 different integrin heterodimers with differing ligand binding specificities and non-redundant functions. Complex structural rearrangements control the ability of integrins to engage ligands and to activate diverse downstream signaling networks, modulating cell adhesion and dynamics, processes which are crucial for metazoan life and development. Here we review the structural and signaling functions of integrins focusing on recent advances which have enhanced our understanding of how integrins are activated and regulated, and the cytoplasmic signaling networks downstream of integrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin A Kadry
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States of America
| | - David A Calderwood
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States of America; Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States of America..
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19
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Jones VA, Patel PM, Gibson FT, Cordova A, Amber KT. The Role of Collagen XVII in Cancer: Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Beyond. Front Oncol 2020; 10:352. [PMID: 32266137 PMCID: PMC7096347 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the extracellular matrix (ECM) likely facilitate the first steps of cancer cell metastasis and supports tumor progression. Recent data has demonstrated that alterations in collagen XVII (BP180), a transmembrane protein and structural component of the ECM, can have profound effects on cancer invasiveness. Collagen XVII is a homotrimer of three α1 (XVII) chains. Its intracellular domain contains binding sites for plectin, integrin β4, and BP230, while the extracellular domain facilitates interactions between the cell and the ECM. Collagen XVII and its shed ectodomain have been implicated in cell motility and adhesion and are believed to promote tumor development and invasion. A strong association of collagen XVII ectodomain shedding and tumor invasiveness occurs in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Aberrant expression of collagen XVII has been reported in many epithelial cancers, ranging from squamous cell carcinoma to colon, pancreatic, mammary, and ovarian carcinoma. Thus, in this review, we focus on collagen XVII's role in neoplasia and tumorigenesis. Lastly, we discuss the importance of targeting collagen XVII and its ectodomain shedding as a novel strategy to curb tumor growth and reduce metastatic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia A Jones
- Skin Immunology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Payal M Patel
- Skin Immunology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Frederick T Gibson
- Skin Immunology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Adriana Cordova
- Skin Immunology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kyle T Amber
- Skin Immunology Laboratory, Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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20
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Wang W, Zuidema A, te Molder L, Nahidiazar L, Hoekman L, Schmidt T, Coppola S, Sonnenberg A. Hemidesmosomes modulate force generation via focal adhesions. J Cell Biol 2020; 219:e201904137. [PMID: 31914171 PMCID: PMC7041674 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201904137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemidesmosomes are specialized cell-matrix adhesion structures that are associated with the keratin cytoskeleton. Although the adhesion function of hemidesmosomes has been extensively studied, their role in mechanosignaling and transduction remains largely unexplored. Here, we show that keratinocytes lacking hemidesmosomal integrin α6β4 exhibit increased focal adhesion formation, cell spreading, and traction-force generation. Moreover, disruption of the interaction between α6β4 and intermediate filaments or laminin-332 results in similar phenotypical changes. We further demonstrate that integrin α6β4 regulates the activity of the mechanosensitive transcriptional regulator YAP through inhibition of Rho-ROCK-MLC- and FAK-PI3K-dependent signaling pathways. Additionally, increased tension caused by impaired hemidesmosome assembly leads to a redistribution of integrin αVβ5 from clathrin lattices to focal adhesions. Our results reveal a novel role for hemidesmosomes as regulators of cellular mechanical forces and establish the existence of a mechanical coupling between adhesion complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alba Zuidema
- Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lisa te Molder
- Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Leila Nahidiazar
- Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Hoekman
- Mass Spectrometry/Proteomics Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Thomas Schmidt
- Physics of Life Processes, Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Stefano Coppola
- Physics of Life Processes, Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Arnoud Sonnenberg
- Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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21
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Abstract
Integrin adhesion receptors are critical for cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix. In this issue of Structure, Manso et al. (2019) provide new insights into formation of specialized integrin adhesion structures, termed hemidesmosomes, that anchor epithelial cells to the basement membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titus J Boggon
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
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22
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Abstract
Integrins are heterodimeric cell surface receptors ensuring the mechanical connection between cells and the extracellular matrix. In addition to the anchorage of cells to the extracellular matrix, these receptors have critical functions in intracellular signaling, but are also taking center stage in many physiological and pathological conditions. In this review, we provide some historical, structural, and physiological notes so that the diverse functions of these receptors can be appreciated and put into the context of the emerging field of mechanobiology. We propose that the exciting journey of the exploration of these receptors will continue for at least another new generation of researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bachmann
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Centre Médical Universitaire , Geneva , Switzerland ; and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, and Fimlab Laboratories , Tampere , Finland
| | - Sampo Kukkurainen
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Centre Médical Universitaire , Geneva , Switzerland ; and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, and Fimlab Laboratories , Tampere , Finland
| | - Vesa P Hytönen
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Centre Médical Universitaire , Geneva , Switzerland ; and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, and Fimlab Laboratories , Tampere , Finland
| | - Bernhard Wehrle-Haller
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Centre Médical Universitaire , Geneva , Switzerland ; and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, and Fimlab Laboratories , Tampere , Finland
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23
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Manso JA, Gómez-Hernández M, Carabias A, Alonso-García N, García-Rubio I, Kreft M, Sonnenberg A, de Pereda JM. Integrin α6β4 Recognition of a Linear Motif of Bullous Pemphigoid Antigen BP230 Controls Its Recruitment to Hemidesmosomes. Structure 2019; 27:952-964.e6. [PMID: 31006587 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2019.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical stability of epithelia requires firm attachment to the basement membrane via hemidesmosomes. Dysfunction of hemidesmosomal proteins causes severe skin-blistering diseases. Two plakins, plectin and BP230 (BPAG1e), link the integrin α6β4 to intermediate filaments in epidermal hemidesmosomes. Here, we show that a linear sequence within the isoform-specific N-terminal region of BP230 binds to the third and fourth FnIII domains of β4. The crystal structure of the complex and mutagenesis analysis revealed that BP230 binds between the two domains of β4. BP230 induces closing of the two FnIII domains that are locked in place by an interdomain ionic clasp required for binding. Disruption of BP230-β4 binding prevents recruitment of BP230 to hemidesmosomes in human keratinocytes, revealing a key role of this interaction for hemidesmosome assembly. Phosphomimetic substitutions in β4 and BP230 destabilize the complex. Thus, our study provides insights into the architecture of hemidesmosomes and potential mechanisms of regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Manso
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - University of Salamanca, Campus Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Gómez-Hernández
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - University of Salamanca, Campus Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Arturo Carabias
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - University of Salamanca, Campus Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Noelia Alonso-García
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - University of Salamanca, Campus Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Inés García-Rubio
- Centro Universitario de la Defensa, Ctra. Huesca s/n, 50090 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Maaike Kreft
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arnoud Sonnenberg
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - José M de Pereda
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - University of Salamanca, Campus Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
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A novel miR-365-3p/EHF/keratin 16 axis promotes oral squamous cell carcinoma metastasis, cancer stemness and drug resistance via enhancing β5-integrin/c-met signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:89. [PMID: 30782177 PMCID: PMC6381632 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1091-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Targeting the c-Met signaling pathway has become a therapeutic strategy in multiple types of cancer. We unveiled a novel c-Met regulating mechanism that could be applied as a modality for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) therapy. Methods Upregulation of keratin 16 (KRT16) was found by comparing isogenic pairs of low and high invasive human OSCC lines via microarray analysis. OSCC cells with ectopic expression or silencing of KRT16 were used to scrutinize functional roles and associated molecular mechanisms. Results We observed that high KRT16 expression significantly correlated with poorer pathological differentiation, advanced stages, increased lymph nodes metastasis, and decreased survival rate from several Taiwanese OSCC patient cohorts. We further revealed that miR-365-3p could target ETS homologous factor (EHF), a KRT16 transcription factor, to decrease migration, invasion, metastasis and chemoresistance in OSCC cells via inhibition of KRT16. Under confocal microscopic examination, c-Met was found possibly partially associates with KRT16 through β5-integrin. Colocalization of these three proteins may facilitate c-Met and β5-integrin–mediated signaling in OSCC cells. Depletion of KRT16 led to increased protein degradation of β5-integrin and c-Met through a lysosomal pathway leading to inhibition of their downstream Src/STAT3/FAK/ERK signaling in OSCC cells. Knockdown of KRT16 enhanced chemosensitivity of OSCC towards 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Various combination of c-Met inhibitor (foretinib), protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor (genistein), β5-integrin antibody, and 5-FU markedly augmented cytotoxic effects in OSCC cells as well as tumor killing effects in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions Our data indicate that targeting a novel miR-365-3p/EHF/KRT16/β5-integrin/c-Met signaling pathway could improve treatment efficacy in OSCC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1091-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Ferredoxin-linked flavoenzyme defines a family of pyridine nucleotide-independent thioredoxin reductases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:12967-12972. [PMID: 30510005 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1812781115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferredoxin-dependent thioredoxin reductase was identified 35 y ago in the fermentative bacterium Clostridium pasteurianum [Hammel KE, Cornwell KL, Buchanan BB (1983) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 80:3681-3685]. The enzyme, a flavoprotein, was strictly dependent on ferredoxin as reductant and was inactive with either NADPH or NADH. This early work has not been further pursued. We have recently reinvestigated the problem and confirmed that the enzyme, here designated ferredoxin-dependent flavin thioredoxin reductase (FFTR), is a flavoprotein. The enzyme differs from ferredoxin-thioredoxin reductase (FTR), which has a signature [4Fe-4S] cluster, but shows structural similarities to NADP-dependent thioredoxin reductase (NTR). Comparative amino acid sequence analysis showed that FFTR is present in a number of clostridial species, some of which lack both FTR and an archetypal NTR. We have isolated, crystallized, and determined the structural properties of FFTR from a member of this group, Clostridium acetobutylicum, both alone and in complex with Trx. The structures showed an elongated FFTR homodimer, each monomer comprising two Rossmann domains and a noncovalently bound FAD cofactor that exposes the isoalloxazine ring to the solvent. The FFTR structures revealed an alternative domain organization compared with NTR that enables the enzyme to accommodate Fdx rather than NADPH. The results suggest that FFTR exists in a range of conformations with varying degrees of domain separation in solution and that the stacking between the two redox-active groups for the transfer of reducing equivalents results in a profound structural reorganization. A mechanism in accord with the findings is proposed.
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Ni Y, Wang X, Yin X, Li Y, Liu X, Wang H, Liu X, Zhang J, Gao H, Shi B, Zhao S. Plectin protects podocytes from adriamycin-induced apoptosis and F-actin cytoskeletal disruption through the integrin α6β4/FAK/p38 MAPK pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:5450-5467. [PMID: 30187999 PMCID: PMC6201223 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Podocyte injury is an early pathological change characteristic of various glomerular diseases, and apoptosis and F‐actin cytoskeletal disruption are typical features of podocyte injury. In this study, we found that adriamycin (ADR) treatment resulted in typical podocyte injury and repressed plectin expression. Restoring plectin expression protected against ADR‐induced podocyte injury whereas siRNA‐mediated plectin silencing produced similar effects as ADR‐induced podocyte injury, suggesting that plectin plays a key role in preventing podocyte injury. Further analysis showed that plectin repression induced significant integrin α6β4, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and p38 MAPK phosphorylation. Mutating Y1494, a key tyrosine residue in the integrin β4 subunit, blocked FAK and p38 phosphorylation, thereby alleviating podocyte injury. Inhibitor studies demonstrated that FAK Y397 phosphorylation promoted p38 activation, resulting in podocyte apoptosis and F‐actin cytoskeletal disruption. In vivo studies showed that administration of ADR to rats resulted in significantly increased 24‐hour urine protein levels along with decreased plectin expression and activated integrin α6β4, FAK, and p38. Taken together, these findings indicated that plectin protects podocytes from ADR‐induced apoptosis and F‐actin cytoskeletal disruption by inhibiting integrin α6β4/FAK/p38 pathway activation and that plectin may be a therapeutic target for podocyte injury‐related glomerular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Ni
- Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Urology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital affiliated to Jining Medical College, Xintan Road 181, Tengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Yin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yankuang Group General Hospital, Zoucheng, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xigao Liu
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Haixin Wang
- Department of Urology, Yankuang Group General Hospital, Zoucheng, China
| | - Xiangjv Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University
| | - Haiqing Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University
| | - Benkang Shi
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shaohua Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University
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Trah J, Has C, Hausser I, Kutzner H, Reinshagen K, Königs I. Integra ®-Dermal Regeneration Template and Split-Thickness Skin Grafting: A Therapy Approach to Correct Aplasia Cutis Congenita and Epidermolysis Bullosa in Carmi Syndrome. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2018; 8:313-321. [PMID: 29777447 PMCID: PMC6002319 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-018-0237-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The association of junctional epidermolysis bullosa with pyloric atresia (JEB-PA) and aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) was described by El Shafie et al. (J Pediatr Surg 14(4):446-449, 1979) and Carmi et al. (Am J Med Genet 11:319-328, 1982). Most patients die in the first weeks of life, and no curative treatment options are available so far. We describe a patient with JEB-PA and ACC (OMIM # 226730) who was treated for extensive areas of ACC by Integra®-Dermal Regeneration Template and split-thickness skin grafting (STSG). Clinically, the dermal template changed into well-vascularized neodermis, and after STSG, full take of the transplants was detected. No infections of the huge ACC areas were seen. Further studies must validate this treatment option in severe and acute cases of JEB-PA with ACC. Based on clinical findings, we postulate that placement of Integra®-Dermal Regeneration Template with STSG could be a new treatment option for patients having JEB-PA with ACC to prevent severe infection, compartment-syndrome-like conditions, and deformities. Based on literature findings, we assume that Integra®-Dermal Regeneration Template with STSG could even be able to prevent new blistering and thereby be a treatment option in cases of ACC and JEB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Trah
- Department and Clinic of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christina Has
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg Im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Ingrid Hausser
- Heidelberg University Hospital, Institute of Pathology Heidelberg (IPH), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heinz Kutzner
- Dermatopathology Friedrichshafen, Friedrichshafen, Germany
| | - Konrad Reinshagen
- Department and Clinic of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Königs
- Department and Clinic of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. .,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Burn Unit, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Altonaer Children's Hospital, Bleickenallee 38, 22763, Hamburg, Germany.
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Fujiwara S, Matsui TS, Ohashi K, Deguchi S, Mizuno K. Solo, a RhoA-targeting guanine nucleotide exchange factor, is critical for hemidesmosome formation and acinar development in epithelial cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195124. [PMID: 29672603 PMCID: PMC5909619 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-substrate adhesions are essential for various physiological processes, including embryonic development and maintenance of organ functions. Hemidesmosomes (HDs) are multiprotein complexes that attach epithelial cells to the basement membrane. Formation and remodeling of HDs are dependent on the surrounding mechanical environment; however, the upstream signaling mechanisms are not well understood. We recently reported that Solo (also known as ARHGEF40), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor targeting RhoA, binds to keratin8/18 (K8/K18) intermediate filaments, and that their interaction is important for force-induced actin and keratin cytoskeletal reorganization. In this study, we show that Solo co-precipitates with an HD protein, β4-integrin. Co-precipitation assays revealed that the central region (amino acids 330–1057) of Solo binds to the C-terminal region (1451–1752) of β4-integrin. Knockdown of Solo significantly suppressed HD formation in MCF10A mammary epithelial cells. Similarly, knockdown of K18 or treatment with Y-27632, a specific inhibitor of Rho-associated kinase (ROCK), suppressed HD formation. As Solo knockdown or Y-27632 treatment is known to disorganize K8/K18 filaments, these results suggest that Solo is involved in HD formation by regulating K8/K18 filament organization via the RhoA-ROCK signaling pathway. We also showed that knockdown of Solo impairs acinar formation in MCF10A cells cultured in 3D Matrigel. In addition, Solo accumulated at the site of traction force generation in 2D-cultured MCF10A cells. Taken together, these results suggest that Solo plays a crucial role in HD formation and acinar development in epithelial cells by regulating mechanical force-induced RhoA activation and keratin filament organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Fujiwara
- Division of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
- Research Fellow of the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science, Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (SF); (SD); (KM)
| | - Tsubasa S. Matsui
- Division of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Ohashi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shinji Deguchi
- Division of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail: (SF); (SD); (KM)
| | - Kensaku Mizuno
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- * E-mail: (SF); (SD); (KM)
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29
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Proteoglycans, ion channels and cell-matrix adhesion. Biochem J 2017; 474:1965-1979. [PMID: 28546458 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20160747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cell surface proteoglycans comprise a transmembrane or membrane-associated core protein to which one or more glycosaminoglycan chains are covalently attached. They are ubiquitous receptors on nearly all animal cell surfaces. In mammals, the cell surface proteoglycans include the six glypicans, CD44, NG2 (CSPG4), neuropilin-1 and four syndecans. A single syndecan is present in invertebrates such as nematodes and insects. Uniquely, syndecans are receptors for many classes of proteins that can bind to the heparan sulphate chains present on syndecan core proteins. These range from cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and morphogens to enzymes and extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoproteins and collagens. Extracellular interactions with other receptors, such as some integrins, are mediated by the core protein. This places syndecans at the nexus of many cellular responses to extracellular cues in development, maintenance, repair and disease. The cytoplasmic domains of syndecans, while having no intrinsic kinase activity, can nevertheless signal through binding proteins. All syndecans appear to be connected to the actin cytoskeleton and can therefore contribute to cell adhesion, notably to the ECM and migration. Recent data now suggest that syndecans can regulate stretch-activated ion channels. The structure and function of the syndecans and the ion channels are reviewed here, along with an analysis of ion channel functions in cell-matrix adhesion. This area sheds new light on the syndecans, not least since evidence suggests that this is an evolutionarily conserved relationship that is also potentially important in the progression of some common diseases where syndecans are implicated.
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30
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Sarper M, Allen MD, Gomm J, Haywood L, Decock J, Thirkettle S, Ustaoglu A, Sarker SJ, Marshall J, Edwards DR, Jones JL. Loss of MMP-8 in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)-associated myoepithelial cells contributes to tumour promotion through altered adhesive and proteolytic function. Breast Cancer Res 2017; 19:33. [PMID: 28330493 PMCID: PMC5363009 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-017-0822-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Normal myoepithelial cells (MECs) play an important tumour-suppressor role in the breast but display an altered phenotype in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), gaining tumour-promoter functions. Matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) is expressed by normal MECs but is lost in DCIS. This study investigated the function of MMP-8 in MECs and the impact of its loss in DCIS. METHODS Primary normal and DCIS-associated MECs, and normal (N-1089) and DCIS-modified myoepithelial (β6-1089) cell lines, were used to assess MMP-8 expression and function. β6-1089 lacking MMP-8 were transfected with MMP-8 WT and catalytically inactive MMP-8 EA, and MMP-8 in N-1089 MEC was knocked down with siRNA. The effect on adhesion and migration to extracellular matrix (ECM), localisation of α6β4 integrin to hemidesmosomes (HD), TGF-β signalling and gelatinase activity was measured. The effect of altering MEC MMP-8 expression on tumour cell invasion was investigated in 2D and 3D organotypic models. RESULTS Assessment of primary cells and MEC lines confirmed expression of MMP-8 in normal MEC and its loss in DCIS-MEC. Over-expression of MMP-8 WT but not MMP-8 EA in β6-1089 cells increased adhesion to ECM proteins and reduced migration. Conversely, knock-down of MMP-8 in N-1089 reduced adhesion and increased migration. Expression of MMP-8 WT in β6-1089 led to greater localisation of α6β4 to HD and reduced retraction fibre formation, this being reversed by MMP-8 knock-down in N-1089. Over-expression of MMP-8 WT reduced TGF-β signalling and gelatinolytic activity. MMP-8 knock-down enhanced TGF-β signalling and gelatinolytic activity, which was reversed by blocking MMP-9 by knock-down or an inhibitor. MMP-8 WT but not MMP-8 EA over-expression in β6-1089 reduced breast cancer cell invasion in 2D and 3D invasion assays, while MMP-8 knock-down in N-1089 enhanced cancer cell invasion. Staining of breast cancer cases for MMP-8 revealed a statistically significant loss of MMP-8 expression in DCIS with invasion versus pure DCIS (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS These data indicate MMP-8 is a vital component of the myoepithelial tumour-suppressor function. It restores MEC interaction with the matrix, opposes TGF-β signalling and MMP-9 proteolysis, which contributes to inhibition of tumour cell invasion. Assessment of MMP-8 expression may help to determine risk of DCIS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muge Sarper
- Translational Cancer Discovery Team, CRUK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Michael D Allen
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Jenny Gomm
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Linda Haywood
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Julie Decock
- Cancer Research Centre, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sally Thirkettle
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Ahsen Ustaoglu
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Shah-Jalal Sarker
- Centre for Experimental Cancer Medicine, Barts Cancer Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - John Marshall
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Dylan R Edwards
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - J Louise Jones
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
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31
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Ortega E, Manso JA, Buey RM, Carballido AM, Carabias A, Sonnenberg A, de Pereda JM. The Structure of the Plakin Domain of Plectin Reveals an Extended Rod-like Shape. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:18643-62. [PMID: 27413182 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.732909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Plakins are large multi-domain proteins that interconnect cytoskeletal structures. Plectin is a prototypical plakin that tethers intermediate filaments to membrane-associated complexes. Most plakins contain a plakin domain formed by up to nine spectrin repeats (SR1-SR9) and an SH3 domain. The plakin domains of plectin and other plakins harbor binding sites for junctional proteins. We have combined x-ray crystallography with small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) to elucidate the structure of the plakin domain of plectin, extending our previous analysis of the SR1 to SR5 region. Two crystal structures of the SR5-SR6 region allowed us to characterize its uniquely wide inter-repeat conformational variability. We also report the crystal structures of the SR7-SR8 region, refined to 1.8 Å, and the SR7-SR9 at lower resolution. The SR7-SR9 region, which is conserved in all other plakin domains, forms a rigid segment stabilized by uniquely extensive inter-repeat contacts mediated by unusually long helices in SR8 and SR9. Using SAXS we show that in solution the SR3-SR6 and SR7-SR9 regions are rod-like segments and that SR3-SR9 of plectin has an extended shape with a small central kink. Other plakins, such as bullous pemphigoid antigen 1 and microtubule and actin cross-linking factor 1, are likely to have similar extended plakin domains. In contrast, desmoplakin has a two-segment structure with a central flexible hinge. The continuous versus segmented structures of the plakin domains of plectin and desmoplakin give insight into how different plakins might respond to tension and transmit mechanical signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Ortega
- From the Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cancer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - José A Manso
- From the Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cancer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rubén M Buey
- From the Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cancer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain, the Metabolic Engineering Group, Department of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, 37007, Spain, and
| | - Ana M Carballido
- From the Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cancer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Arturo Carabias
- From the Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cancer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Arnoud Sonnenberg
- the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - José M de Pereda
- From the Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cancer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain,
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Langlands AJ, Almet AA, Appleton PL, Newton IP, Osborne JM, Näthke IS. Paneth Cell-Rich Regions Separated by a Cluster of Lgr5+ Cells Initiate Crypt Fission in the Intestinal Stem Cell Niche. PLoS Biol 2016; 14:e1002491. [PMID: 27348469 PMCID: PMC4922642 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The crypts of the intestinal epithelium house the stem cells that ensure the continual renewal of the epithelial cells that line the intestinal tract. Crypt number increases by a process called crypt fission, the division of a single crypt into two daughter crypts. Fission drives normal tissue growth and maintenance. Correspondingly, it becomes less frequent in adulthood. Importantly, fission is reactivated to drive adenoma growth. The mechanisms governing fission are poorly understood. However, only by knowing how normal fission operates can cancer-associated changes be elucidated. We studied normal fission in tissue in three dimensions using high-resolution imaging and used intestinal organoids to identify underlying mechanisms. We discovered that both the number and relative position of Paneth cells and Lgr5+ cells are important for fission. Furthermore, the higher stiffness and increased adhesion of Paneth cells are involved in determining the site of fission. Formation of a cluster of Lgr5+ cells between at least two Paneth-cell-rich domains establishes the site for the upward invagination that initiates fission. Crypt fission—a process responsible for normal intestinal growth and for the formation of adenomas —is governed by differential adhesion, stiffness, and proliferation of Lgr5+ cells and Paneth cells in the intestinal stem cell niche. The intestinal tract undergoes many changes during development, and after birth it has to significantly elongate and widen in order to increase the surface area for absorption. Crypt fission is a key process in intestinal tissue expansion and is also involved in adenoma growth. Despite the importance of crypt fission, the mechanisms controlling it are poorly understood. Understanding how crypt fission is regulated in normal tissue can help us to determine how the process changes in cancer. Here, we describe cellular behaviour during crypt fission. We identify a specific cellular arrangement in the intestinal stem cell niche that is associated with crypt fission and reveals insights into the mechanisms controlling crypt fission. There are two different cell types at the crypt base, Lgr5+ and Paneth cells, which play distinct roles in this process. We find that both their location and differences between them in proliferation, stiffness, and adhesion are important for fission. Based on our data, we propose a model in which stiffer and more adhesive Paneth cells are necessary to shape the crypt base and establish where fission occurs, whereas softer Lgr5+ cells allow shape changes and proliferation to expand newly formed crypts. Our model is an important step in understanding how crypt fission is initiated in normal tissue and provides a framework to understand how the process changes in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alistair J. Langlands
- Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Axel A. Almet
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul L. Appleton
- Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Ian P. Newton
- Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - James M. Osborne
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Inke S. Näthke
- Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Moch M, Windoffer R, Schwarz N, Pohl R, Omenzetter A, Schnakenberg U, Herb F, Chaisaowong K, Merhof D, Ramms L, Fabris G, Hoffmann B, Merkel R, Leube RE. Effects of Plectin Depletion on Keratin Network Dynamics and Organization. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149106. [PMID: 27007410 PMCID: PMC4805305 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The keratin intermediate filament cytoskeleton protects epithelial cells against various types of stress and is involved in fundamental cellular processes such as signaling, differentiation and organelle trafficking. These functions rely on the cell type-specific arrangement and plasticity of the keratin system. It has been suggested that these properties are regulated by a complex cycle of assembly and disassembly. The exact mechanisms responsible for the underlying molecular processes, however, have not been clarified. Accumulating evidence implicates the cytolinker plectin in various aspects of the keratin cycle, i.e., by acting as a stabilizing anchor at hemidesmosomal adhesion sites and the nucleus, by affecting keratin bundling and branching and by linkage of keratins to actin filament and microtubule dynamics. In the present study we tested these hypotheses. To this end, plectin was downregulated by shRNA in vulvar carcinoma-derived A431 cells. As expected, integrin β4- and BPAG-1-positive hemidesmosomal structures were strongly reduced and cytosolic actin stress fibers were increased. In addition, integrins α3 and β1 were reduced. The experiments furthermore showed that loss of plectin led to a reduction in keratin filament branch length but did not alter overall mechanical properties as assessed by indentation analyses using atomic force microscopy and by displacement analyses of cytoplasmic superparamagnetic beads using magnetic tweezers. An increase in keratin movement was observed in plectin-depleted cells as was the case in control cells lacking hemidesmosome-like structures. Yet, keratin turnover was not significantly affected. We conclude that plectin alone is not needed for keratin assembly and disassembly and that other mechanisms exist to guarantee proper keratin cycling under steady state conditions in cultured single cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Moch
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Reinhard Windoffer
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nicole Schwarz
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Raphaela Pohl
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Omenzetter
- Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering 1, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Uwe Schnakenberg
- Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering 1, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Fabian Herb
- Institute of Imaging & Computer Vision, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Dorit Merhof
- Institute of Imaging & Computer Vision, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lena Ramms
- Institute of Complex Systems, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Gloria Fabris
- Institute of Complex Systems, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Bernd Hoffmann
- Institute of Complex Systems, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Rudolf Merkel
- Institute of Complex Systems, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Rudolf E. Leube
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Mencía Á, García M, García E, Llames S, Charlesworth A, de Lucas R, Vicente A, Trujillo-Tiebas MJ, Coto P, Costa M, Vera Á, López-Pestaña A, Murillas R, Meneguzzi G, Jorcano JL, Conti CJ, Escámez Toledano MJ, del Río Nechaevsky M. Identification of two rare and novel large deletions in ITGB4 gene causing epidermolysis bullosa with pyloric atresia. Exp Dermatol 2016; 25:269-74. [PMID: 26739954 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Epidermolysis bullosa with pyloric atresia (EB-PA) is a rare autosomal recessive hereditary disease with a variable prognosis from lethal to very mild. EB-PA is classified into Simplex form (EBS-PA: OMIM #612138) and Junctional form (JEB-PA: OMIM #226730), and it is caused by mutations in ITGA6, ITGB4 and PLEC genes. We report the analysis of six patients with EB-PA, including two dizygotic twins. Skin immunofluorescence epitope mapping was performed followed by PCR and direct sequencing of the ITGB4 gene. Two of the patients presented with non-lethal EB-PA associated with missense ITGB4 gene mutations. For the other four, early postnatal demise was associated with complete lack of β4 integrin due to a variety of ITGB4 novel mutations (2 large deletions, 1 splice-site mutation and 3 missense mutations). One of the deletions spanned 278 bp, being one of the largest reported to date for this gene. Remarkably, we also found for the first time a founder effect for one novel mutation in the ITGB4 gene. We have identified 6 novel mutations in the ITGB4 gene to be added to the mutation database. Our results reveal genotype-phenotype correlations that contribute to the molecular understanding of this heterogeneous disease, a pivotal issue for prognosis and for the development of novel evidence-based therapeutic options for EB management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángeles Mencía
- Department of Bioengineering, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Group (TERMeG), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energética Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jimenez Diaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta García
- Department of Bioengineering, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Group (TERMeG), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energética Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jimenez Diaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva García
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jimenez Diaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain.,Laboratorio de Ingeniería de Tejidos, Centro Comunitario de Sangre y Tejidos de Asturias (CCST) Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Sara Llames
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jimenez Diaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Laboratorio de Ingeniería de Tejidos, Centro Comunitario de Sangre y Tejidos de Asturias (CCST) Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Alexandra Charlesworth
- French Reference Centre for Inherited Epidermolysis Bullosa, L'Archet Hospital, BP 3079, 06202, Nice, Cedex3, France
| | - Raúl de Lucas
- Sección de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Asunción Vicente
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María José Trujillo-Tiebas
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jimenez Diaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jimenez Diaz (IIS-FJD), Hospital Universitario Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Coto
- Servicio de Dermatología y Neonatología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Marta Costa
- Servicio de Dermatología y Neonatología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ángel Vera
- Servicio de Dermatología, Complejo Hospitalario Carlos Haya, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Rodolfo Murillas
- Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energética Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jimenez Diaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guerrino Meneguzzi
- INSERM U1081, CNRS UMR7284, University of Nice, Sophia Antipolis, Faculty of Medicine, 28 Avenue Valombrose, F-06107, Nice, France
| | - José Luis Jorcano
- Department of Bioengineering, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Group (TERMeG), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energética Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudio J Conti
- Department of Bioengineering, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Group (TERMeG), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jimenez Diaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Escámez Toledano
- Department of Bioengineering, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Group (TERMeG), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energética Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jimenez Diaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcela del Río Nechaevsky
- Department of Bioengineering, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Group (TERMeG), Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Energética Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jimenez Diaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
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Wang H, Jin H, Rapraeger AC. Syndecan-1 and Syndecan-4 Capture Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Family Members and the α3β1 Integrin Via Binding Sites in Their Ectodomains: NOVEL SYNSTATINS PREVENT KINASE CAPTURE AND INHIBIT α6β4-INTEGRIN-DEPENDENT EPITHELIAL CELL MOTILITY. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:26103-13. [PMID: 26350464 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.679084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The α6β4 integrin is known to associate with receptor tyrosine kinases when engaged in epithelial wound healing and in carcinoma invasion and survival. Prior work has shown that HER2 associates with α6β4 integrin and syndecan-1 (Sdc1), in which Sdc1 engages the cytoplasmic domain of the β4 integrin subunit allowing HER2-dependent motility and carcinoma cell survival. In contrast, EGFR associates with Sdc4 and the α6β4 integrin, and EGFR-dependent motility depends on cytoplasmic engagement of β4 integrin with Sdc4. However, how HER2 and EGFR assimilate into a complex with the syndecans and integrin, and why kinase capture is syndecan-specific has remained unknown. In the present study, we demonstrate that HER2 is captured via a site, comprised of amino acids 210-240, in the extracellular domain of human Sdc1, and EGFR is captured via an extracellular site comprised of amino acids 87-131 in human Sdc4. Binding assays using purified recombinant proteins demonstrate that the interaction between the EGFR family members and the syndecans is direct. The α3β1 integrin, which is responsible for the motility of the cells, is captured at these sites as well. Peptides based on the interaction motifs in Sdc1 and Sdc4, called synstatins (SSTN210-240 and SSTN87-131) competitively displace the receptor tyrosine kinase and α3β1 integrin from the syndecan with an IC50 of 100-300 nm. The syndecans remain anchored to the α6β4 integrin via its cytoplasmic domain, but the activation of cell motility is disrupted. These novel SSTN peptides are potential therapeutics for carcinomas that depend on these HER2- and EGFR-coupled mechanisms for their invasion and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alan C Rapraeger
- From the Department of Human Oncology and the University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705
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36
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Has C, Nyström A. Epidermal Basement Membrane in Health and Disease. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2015; 76:117-70. [PMID: 26610913 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Skin, as the organ protecting the individual from environmental aggressions, constantly meets external insults and is dependent on mechanical toughness for its preserved function. Accordingly, the epidermal basement membrane (BM) zone has adapted to enforce tissue integrity. It harbors anchoring structures created through unique organization of common BM components and expression of proteins exclusive to the epidermal BM zone. Evidence for the importance of its correct assembly and the nonredundancy of its components for skin integrity is apparent from the multiple skin blistering disorders caused by mutations in genes coding for proteins associated with the epidermal BM and from autoimmune disorders in which autoantibodies target these molecules. However, it has become clear that these proteins not only provide mechanical support but are also critically involved in tissue homeostasis, repair, and regeneration. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the unique organization and components of the epidermal BM. A special focus will be given to its function during regeneration, and in inherited and acquired diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Has
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Nyström
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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37
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Molecular architecture and function of the hemidesmosome. Cell Tissue Res 2015; 360:529-44. [PMID: 26017636 PMCID: PMC4452579 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-015-2216-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Hemidesmosomes are multiprotein complexes that facilitate the stable adhesion of basal epithelial cells to the underlying basement membrane. The mechanical stability of hemidesmosomes relies on multiple interactions of a few protein components that form a membrane-embedded tightly-ordered complex. The core of this complex is provided by integrin α6β4 and P1a, an isoform of the cytoskeletal linker protein plectin that is specifically associated with hemidesmosomes. Integrin α6β4 binds to the extracellular matrix protein laminin-332, whereas P1a forms a bridge to the cytoplasmic keratin intermediate filament network. Other important components are BPAG1e, the epithelial isoform of bullous pemphigoid antigen 1, BPAG2, a collagen-type transmembrane protein and CD151. Inherited or acquired diseases in which essential components of the hemidesmosome are missing or structurally altered result in tissue fragility and blistering. Modulation of hemidesmosome function is of crucial importance for a variety of biological processes, such as terminal differentiation of basal keratinocytes and keratinocyte migration during wound healing and carcinoma invasion. Here, we review the molecular characteristics of the proteins that make up the hemidesmosome core structure and summarize the current knowledge about how their assembly and turnover are regulated by transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms.
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38
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Abstract
Plectin and BPAG1e belong to the plakin family of high-molecular-weight proteins that interconnect the cytoskeletal systems and anchor them to junctional complexes. Plectin and BPAG1e are prototypical plakins with a similar tripartite modular structure. The N- and C-terminal regions are built of multiple discrete structural domains, while the central rod domain mediates dimerization by coiled-coil interactions. Owing to the mosaic organization of plakins, the structure of their constituent individual domains or small multi-domain segments can be analyzed isolated. Yet, understanding the integrated function of large regions, oligomers, and heterocomplexes of plakins is difficult due to the large and segmented structure. Here, we describe methods for the production of plectin and BPAG1e samples suitable for structural and biophysical analysis. In addition, we discuss the combination of hybrid methods that yield information at several resolution levels to study the complex, multi-domain, and flexible structure of plakins.
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Ketema M, Secades P, Kreft M, Nahidiazar L, Janssen H, Jalink K, de Pereda JM, Sonnenberg A. The rod domain is not essential for the function of plectin in maintaining tissue integrity. Mol Biol Cell 2015; 26:2402-17. [PMID: 25971800 PMCID: PMC4571296 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-01-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Plectin is a cytoskeletal linker protein that consists of a central rod domain connecting two globular domains. Rodless plectin is able to functionally compensate for the loss of full-length plectin in mice and, like full-length plectin, is able to form dimers. Epidermolysis bullosa simplex associated with late-onset muscular dystrophy (EBS-MD) is an autosomal recessive disorder resulting from mutations in the plectin gene. The majority of these mutations occur within the large exon 31 encoding the central rod domain and leave the production of a low-level rodless plectin splice variant unaffected. To investigate the function of the rod domain, we generated rodless plectin mice through conditional deletion of exon 31. Rodless plectin mice develop normally without signs of skin blistering or muscular dystrophy. Plectin localization and hemidesmosome organization are unaffected in rodless plectin mice. However, superresolution microscopy revealed a closer juxtaposition of the C-terminus of plectin to the integrin β4 subunit in rodless plectin keratinocytes. Wound healing occurred slightly faster in rodless plectin mice than in wild-type mice, and keratinocytes migration was increased in the absence of the rod domain. The faster migration of rodless plectin keratinocytes is not due to altered biochemical properties because, like full-length plectin, rodless plectin is a dimeric protein. Our data demonstrate that rodless plectin can functionally compensate for the loss of full-length plectin in mice. Thus the low expression level of plectin rather than the absence of the rod domain dictates the development of EBS-MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam Ketema
- Division of Cell Biology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Pablo Secades
- Division of Cell Biology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maaike Kreft
- Division of Cell Biology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Leila Nahidiazar
- Division of Cell Biology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hans Janssen
- Division of Cell Biology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kees Jalink
- Division of Cell Biology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jose M de Pereda
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cancer, University of Salamanca-CSIC, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Arnoud Sonnenberg
- Division of Cell Biology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands
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40
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Michot P, Fantini O, Braque R, Allais-Bonnet A, Saintilan R, Grohs C, Barbieri J, Genestout L, Danchin-Burge C, Gourreau JM, Boichard D, Pin D, Capitan A. Whole-genome sequencing identifies a homozygous deletion encompassing exons 17 to 23 of the integrin beta 4 gene in a Charolais calf with junctional epidermolysis bullosa. Genet Sel Evol 2015; 47:37. [PMID: 25935160 PMCID: PMC4417276 DOI: 10.1186/s12711-015-0110-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since 2010, four Charolais calves with a congenital mechanobullous skin disorder that were born in the same herd from consanguineous matings were reported to us. Clinical and histopathological examination revealed lesions that are compatible with junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB). RESULTS Fifty-four extended regions of homozygosity (>1 Mb) were identified after analysing the whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data from the only case available for DNA sampling at the beginning of the study. Filtering of variants located in these regions for (i) homozygous polymorphisms observed in the WGS data from eight healthy Charolais animals and (ii) homozygous or heterozygous polymorphisms found in the genomes of 234 animals from different breeds did not reveal any deleterious candidate SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) or small indels. Subsequent screening for structural variants in candidate genes located in the same regions identified a homozygous deletion that includes exons 17 to 23 of the integrin beta 4 (ITGB4), a gene that was previously associated with the same defect in humans. Genotyping of a second case and of six parents of affected calves (two sires and four dams) revealed a perfect association between this mutation and the assumed genotypes of the individuals. Mining of Illumina BovineSNP50 Beadchip genotyping data from 6870 Charolais cattle detected only 44 heterozygous animals for a 5.6-Mb haplotype around ITGB4 that was shared with the carriers of the mutation. Interestingly, none of the 16 animals genotyped for the deletion carried the mutation, which suggests a rather recent origin for the mutation. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we successfully identified the causative mutation for a very rare autosomal recessive mutation with only one case by exploiting the most recent DNA sequencing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Michot
- INRA, UMR1313 Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative, domaine de Vilvert, Jouy-en-Josas, F-78352, France. .,ALLICE, 149 rue de Bercy, Paris, F-75012, France.
| | - Oscar Fantini
- Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, UPSP 2011-03-101 Interactions Cellules Environnement, 1 avenue Bourgelat, Marcy l'Etoile, F-69280, France.
| | - Régis Braque
- Cabinet des Vignes de la Fontaine, 41 rue du faubourg de Moulins, Saint-Pierre le Moutier, F-58240, France.
| | - Aurélie Allais-Bonnet
- ALLICE, 149 rue de Bercy, Paris, F-75012, France. .,UMR 1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, domaine de Vilvert, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Jouy-en-Josas, F-78352, France.
| | - Romain Saintilan
- INRA, UMR1313 Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative, domaine de Vilvert, Jouy-en-Josas, F-78352, France. .,ALLICE, 149 rue de Bercy, Paris, F-75012, France.
| | - Cécile Grohs
- INRA, UMR1313 Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative, domaine de Vilvert, Jouy-en-Josas, F-78352, France.
| | - Johanna Barbieri
- INRA, UMR1388 GenPhySE, GeT-PlaGe, Castanet-Tolosan, F-31320, France.
| | - Lucie Genestout
- LABOGENA DNA, domaine de Vilvert, Jouy-en-Josas, F-78352, France.
| | | | - Jean-Marie Gourreau
- Unité de Pathologie du Bétail, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, 7 avenue du Général de Gaulle, Maisons-Alfort, F-94704, France.
| | - Didier Boichard
- INRA, UMR1313 Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative, domaine de Vilvert, Jouy-en-Josas, F-78352, France.
| | - Didier Pin
- Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, UPSP 2011-03-101 Interactions Cellules Environnement, 1 avenue Bourgelat, Marcy l'Etoile, F-69280, France.
| | - Aurélien Capitan
- INRA, UMR1313 Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative, domaine de Vilvert, Jouy-en-Josas, F-78352, France. .,ALLICE, 149 rue de Bercy, Paris, F-75012, France.
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41
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Alonso-García N, García-Rubio I, Manso JA, Buey RM, Urien H, Sonnenberg A, Jeschke G, de Pereda JM. Combination of X-ray crystallography, SAXS and DEER to obtain the structure of the FnIII-3,4 domains of integrin α6β4. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA. SECTION D, BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 2015; 71:969-85. [PMID: 25849406 PMCID: PMC4388270 DOI: 10.1107/s1399004715002485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Integrin α6β4 is a major component of hemidesmosomes that mediate the stable anchorage of epithelial cells to the underlying basement membrane. Integrin α6β4 has also been implicated in cell proliferation and migration and in carcinoma progression. The third and fourth fibronectin type III domains (FnIII-3,4) of integrin β4 mediate binding to the hemidesmosomal proteins BPAG1e and BPAG2, and participate in signalling. Here, it is demonstrated that X-ray crystallography, small-angle X-ray scattering and double electron-electron resonance (DEER) complement each other to solve the structure of the FnIII-3,4 region. The crystal structures of the individual FnIII-3 and FnIII-4 domains were solved and the relative arrangement of the FnIII domains was elucidated by combining DEER with site-directed spin labelling. Multiple structures of the interdomain linker were modelled by Monte Carlo methods complying with DEER constraints, and the final structures were selected against experimental scattering data. FnIII-3,4 has a compact and cambered flat structure with an evolutionary conserved surface that is likely to correspond to a protein-interaction site. Finally, this hybrid method is of general application for the study of other macromolecules and complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Alonso-García
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cancer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – University of Salamanca, Campus Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Inés García-Rubio
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Centro Universitario de la Defensa, Academia General Militar, Carretera de Huesca s/n, 50090 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José A. Manso
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cancer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – University of Salamanca, Campus Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rubén M. Buey
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cancer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – University of Salamanca, Campus Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Metabolic Engineering Group, Department of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Salamanca, Campus Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Hector Urien
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cancer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – University of Salamanca, Campus Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Arnoud Sonnenberg
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gunnar Jeschke
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - José M. de Pereda
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cancer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – University of Salamanca, Campus Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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42
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Song JG, Kostan J, Drepper F, Knapp B, de Almeida Ribeiro E, Konarev PV, Grishkovskaya I, Wiche G, Gregor M, Svergun DI, Warscheid B, Djinović-Carugo K. Structural insights into Ca2+-calmodulin regulation of Plectin 1a-integrin β4 interaction in hemidesmosomes. Structure 2015; 23:558-570. [PMID: 25703379 PMCID: PMC4353693 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2015.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The mechanical stability of epithelial cells, which protect organisms from harmful external factors, is maintained by hemidesmosomes via the interaction between plectin 1a (P1a) and integrin α6β4. Binding of calcium-calmodulin (Ca(2+)-CaM) to P1a together with phosphorylation of integrin β4 disrupts this complex, resulting in disassembly of hemidesmosomes. We present structures of the P1a actin binding domain either in complex with the N-ter lobe of Ca(2+)-CaM or with the first pair of integrin β4 fibronectin domains. Ca(2+)-CaM binds to the N-ter isoform-specific tail of P1a in a unique manner, via its N-ter lobe in an extended conformation. Structural, cell biology, and biochemical studies suggest the following model: binding of Ca(2+)-CaM to an intrinsically disordered N-ter segment of plectin converts it to an α helix, which repositions calmodulin to displace integrin β4 by steric repulsion. This model could serve as a blueprint for studies aimed at understanding how Ca(2+)-CaM or EF-hand motifs regulate F-actin-based cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Geun Song
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Julius Kostan
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Friedel Drepper
- Department of Functional Proteomics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biology II and BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestrasse 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bettina Knapp
- Department of Functional Proteomics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biology II and BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestrasse 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Euripedes de Almeida Ribeiro
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Petr V Konarev
- EMBL-Hamburg c/o DESY, Notkestrasse 85, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Irina Grishkovskaya
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard Wiche
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Dr. Bohrgasse 9, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Gregor
- Department of Integrative Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4 CZ-14220, Czech Republic
| | - Dmitri I Svergun
- EMBL-Hamburg c/o DESY, Notkestrasse 85, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bettina Warscheid
- Department of Functional Proteomics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biology II and BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestrasse 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kristina Djinović-Carugo
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, A-1030 Vienna, Austria; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 5, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Keratins Stabilize Hemidesmosomes through Regulation of β4-Integrin Turnover. J Invest Dermatol 2015; 135:1609-1620. [PMID: 25668239 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2015.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal integrity and wound healing depend on remodeling of cell-matrix contacts including hemidesmosomes. Mutations in β4-integrin and plectin lead to severe epidermolysis bullosa (EB). Whether mutations in keratins K5 or K14, which cause EB simplex, also compromise cell-matrix adhesion through altering hemidesmosomal components is not well investigated. In particular, the dependence of β4-integrin endocytosis and turnover on keratins remains incompletely understood. Here, we show that the absence of keratins causes loss of plectin-β4-integrin interaction and elevated β4-integrin phosphorylation at Ser1354 and Ser1362. This triggered a caveolin-dependent endocytosis of β4-integrin but not of other integrins through Rab5 and Rab11 compartments in keratinocytes. Expressing a phospho-deficient β4-integrin mutant reduces β4-integrin endocytosis and rescues plectin localization in keratin-free cells. β4-integrin phosphorylation in the absence of keratins resulted from elevated Erk1/2 activity downstream of increased EGFR and PKCα signaling. Further, increased Erk1/2 phosphorylation and altered plectin localization occur in keratin-deficient mouse epidermis in vivo. Strikingly, expression of the K14-R125P EBS mutant also resulted in plectin mislocalization and elevated β4-integrin turnover, suggesting disease relevance. Our data underscore a major role of keratins in controlling β4-integrin endocytosis involving a plectin-Erk1/2-dependent mechanism relevant for epidermal differentiation and pathogenesis.
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44
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Turcan I, Jonkman MF. Blistering disease: insight from the hemidesmosome and other components of the dermal-epidermal junction. Cell Tissue Res 2014; 360:545-69. [PMID: 25502077 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-2021-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The hemidesmosome is a specialized transmembrane complex that mediates the binding of epithelial cells to the underlying basement membrane. In the skin, this multiprotein structure can be regarded as the chief adhesion unit at the site of the dermal-epidermal junction. Focal adhesions are additional specialized attachment structures located between hemidesmosomes. The integrity of the skin relies on well-assembled and functional hemidesmosomes and focal adhesions (also known as integrin adhesomes). However, if these adhesion structures are impaired, e.g., as a result of circulating autoantibodies or inherited genetic mutations, the mechanical strength of the skin is compromised, leading to blistering and/or tissue inflammation. A particular clinical presentation emerges subject to the molecule that is targeted. None of these junctional complexes are simply compounds of adhesion molecules; they also play a significant role in signalling pathways involved in the differentiation and migration of epithelial cells such as during wound healing and in tumour invasion. We summarize current knowledge about hereditary and acquired blistering diseases emerging from pathologies of the hemidesmosome and its neighbouring proteins as components of the dermal-epidermal junction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iana Turcan
- Centre for Blistering Diseases, Department of Dermatology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands,
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45
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Molecular architecture and function of the hemidesmosome. Cell Tissue Res 2014; 360:363-78. [PMID: 25487405 PMCID: PMC4544487 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-2061-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Hemidesmosomes are multiprotein complexes that facilitate the stable adhesion of basal epithelial cells to the underlying basement membrane. The mechanical stability of hemidesmosomes relies on multiple interactions of a few protein components that form a membrane-embedded tightly-ordered complex. The core of this complex is provided by integrin α6β4 and P1a, an isoform of the cytoskeletal linker protein plectin that is specifically associated with hemidesmosomes. Integrin α6β4 binds to the extracellular matrix protein laminin-332, whereas P1a forms a bridge to the cytoplasmic keratin intermediate filament network. Other important components are BPAG1e, the epithelial isoform of bullous pemphigoid antigen 1, BPAG2, a collagen-type transmembrane protein and CD151. Inherited or acquired diseases in which essential components of the hemidesmosome are missing or structurally altered result in tissue fragility and blistering. Modulation of hemidesmosome function is of crucial importance for a variety of biological processes, such as terminal differentiation of basal keratinocytes and keratinocyte migration during wound healing and carcinoma invasion. Here, we review the molecular characteristics of the proteins that make up the hemidesmosome core structure and summarize the current knowledge about how their assembly and turnover are regulated by transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms.
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46
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Osmani N, Labouesse M. Remodeling of keratin-coupled cell adhesion complexes. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2014; 32:30-8. [PMID: 25460779 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial cells constitute the main barrier between the inside and outside of organs, acting as gatekeepers of their structure and integrity. Hemidesmosomes and desmosomes are respectively cell-matrix and cell-cell adhesions coupled to the intermediate filament cytoskeleton. These adhesions ensure mechanical integrity of the epithelial barrier. Although desmosomes and hemidesmosomes are essential in maintaining strong cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesions, there is an emerging view that they should be remodeled in order to maintain epithelial homeostasis. Here we review the adhesion properties of desmosomes and hemidesmosomes, as well as the mechanisms driving their remodeling. We also discuss recent data suggesting that keratin-coupled adhesion complexes can sense the biomechanical cellular environment and participate in the cellular response to such external cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naël Osmani
- IGBMC, Development and Stem Cells Program, 67400 Illkirch, France; CNRS (UMR 7104), 67400 Illkirch, France; INSERM (U964), 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67400 Illkirch, France.
| | - Michel Labouesse
- IGBMC, Development and Stem Cells Program, 67400 Illkirch, France; CNRS (UMR 7104), 67400 Illkirch, France; INSERM (U964), 67400 Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, 67400 Illkirch, France.
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47
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Wang H, Jin H, Beauvais DM, Rapraeger AC. Cytoplasmic domain interactions of syndecan-1 and syndecan-4 with α6β4 integrin mediate human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER1 and HER2)-dependent motility and survival. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:30318-30332. [PMID: 25202019 PMCID: PMC4215216 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.586438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cells are highly dependent during wound healing and tumorigenesis on the α6β4 integrin and its association with receptor tyrosine kinases. Previous work showed that phosphorylation of the β4 subunit upon matrix engagement depends on the matrix receptor syndecan (Sdc)-1 engaging the cytoplasmic domain of the β4 integrin and coupling of the integrin to human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2). In this study, HER2-dependent migration activated by matrix engagement is compared with migration stimulated by EGF. We find that whereas HER2-dependent migration depends on Sdc1, EGF-dependent migration depends on a complex consisting of human epidermal growth factor receptor-1 (HER1, commonly known as EGFR), α6β4, and Sdc4. The two syndecans recognize distinct sites at the extreme C terminus of the β4 integrin cytoplasmic domain. The binding motif in Sdc1 is QEEXYX, composed in part by its syndecan-specific variable (V) region and in part by the second conserved (C2) region that it shares with other syndecans. A cell-penetrating peptide containing this sequence competes for HER2-dependent epithelial migration and carcinoma survival, although it is without effect on the EGFR-stimulated mechanism. β4 mutants bearing mutations specific for Sdc1 and Sdc4 recognition act as dominant negative mutants to block cell spreading or cell migration that depends on HER2 or EGFR, respectively. The interaction of the α6β4 integrin with the syndecans appears critical for it to be utilized as a signaling platform; migration depends on α3β1 integrin binding to laminin 332 (LN332; also known as laminin 5), whereas antibodies that block α6β4 binding are without effect. These findings indicate that specific syndecan family members are likely to have key roles in α6β4 integrin activation by receptor tyrosine kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyao Wang
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705
| | - Haining Jin
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705
| | - DeannaLee M Beauvais
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705
| | - Alan C Rapraeger
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705; Carbone Cancer Center, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705.
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Laval S, Laklai H, Fanjul M, Pucelle M, Laurell H, Billon-Galés A, Le Guellec S, Delisle MB, Sonnenberg A, Susini C, Pyronnet S, Bousquet C. Dual roles of hemidesmosomal proteins in the pancreatic epithelium: the phosphoinositide 3-kinase decides. Oncogene 2014; 33:1934-44. [PMID: 23624916 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Revised: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Given the failure of chemo- and biotherapies to fight advanced pancreatic cancer, one major challenge is to identify critical events that initiate invasion. One priming step in epithelia carcinogenesis is the disruption of epithelial cell anchorage to the basement membrane which can be provided by hemidesmosomes (HDs). However, the existence of HDs in pancreatic ductal epithelium and their role in carcinogenesis remain unexplored. HDs have been explored in normal and cancer pancreatic cells, and patient samples. Unique cancer cell models where HD assembly can be pharmacologically manipulated by somatostatin/sst2 signaling have been then used to investigate the role and molecular mechanisms of dynamic HD during pancreatic carcinogenesis. We surprisingly report the presence of mature type-1 HDs comprising the integrin α6β4 and bullous pemphigoid antigen BP180 in the human pancreatic ductal epithelium. Importantly, HDs are shown to disassemble during pancreatic carcinogenesis. HD breakdown requires phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-dependent induction of the matrix-metalloprotease MMP-9, which cleaves BP180. Consequently, integrin α6β4 delocalizes to the cell-leading edges where it paradoxically promotes cell migration and invasion through S100A4 activation. As S100A4 in turn stimulates MMP-9 expression, a vicious cycle maintains BP180 cleavage. Inactivation of this PI3K-MMP-9-S100A4 signaling loop conversely blocks BP180 cleavage, induces HD reassembly and inhibits cell invasion. We conclude that mature type-1 HDs are critical anchoring structures for the pancreatic ductal epithelium whose disruption, upon PI3K activation during carcinogenesis, provokes pancreatic cancer cell migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Laval
- 1] INSERM UMR 1037, Laboratoire d'excellence Toulouse Cancer (labex TOUCAN), Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (LNCC), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse, France [2] Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - H Laklai
- 1] INSERM UMR 1037, Laboratoire d'excellence Toulouse Cancer (labex TOUCAN), Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (LNCC), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse, France [2] Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - M Fanjul
- 1] INSERM UMR 1037, Laboratoire d'excellence Toulouse Cancer (labex TOUCAN), Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (LNCC), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse, France [2] Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - M Pucelle
- INSERM UMR 1037, Laboratoire d'excellence Toulouse Cancer (labex TOUCAN), Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (LNCC), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse, France
| | - H Laurell
- 1] INSERM UMR 1037, Laboratoire d'excellence Toulouse Cancer (labex TOUCAN), Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (LNCC), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse, France [2] Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - A Billon-Galés
- 1] INSERM UMR 1037, Laboratoire d'excellence Toulouse Cancer (labex TOUCAN), Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (LNCC), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse, France [2] Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - S Le Guellec
- Services d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologique of Hôpital Rangueil, Toulouse, France
| | - M-B Delisle
- Services d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologique of Hôpital Rangueil, Toulouse, France
| | - A Sonnenberg
- Department of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C Susini
- 1] INSERM UMR 1037, Laboratoire d'excellence Toulouse Cancer (labex TOUCAN), Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (LNCC), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse, France [2] Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - S Pyronnet
- 1] INSERM UMR 1037, Laboratoire d'excellence Toulouse Cancer (labex TOUCAN), Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (LNCC), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse, France [2] Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - C Bousquet
- 1] INSERM UMR 1037, Laboratoire d'excellence Toulouse Cancer (labex TOUCAN), Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (LNCC), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse, France [2] Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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Mezentsev A, Nikolaev A, Bruskin S. Matrix metalloproteinases and their role in psoriasis. Gene 2014; 540:1-10. [PMID: 24518811 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the contribution of matrix metalloproteinases to the pathogenesis of psoriasis. In psoriasis, matrix metalloproteinases are involved in the structural changes of the epidermis via the modification of intracellular contacts and the composition of the extracellular matrix, promoting angiogenesis in the dermal blood vessels and the infiltration of immune cells. Moreover, some matrix metalloproteinases become differentially expressed during the disease eruption and their expression correlates with the clinical score. A separate section of the review is dedicated to the pharmacological approaches that are used to control matrix metalloproteinases, such as oral metalloproteinase inhibitors, such as azasugars and phosphonamides. The aim of this manuscript is to assess the role of matrix metalloproteinases in the physiological processes that accompany the disease. Moreover, it is especially important to evaluate progress in this field and characterize recently appeared medicines. Because any experimental drugs that target matrix metalloproteinases are involved in active clinical trials, this manuscript also reviews the latest experimental data regarding distribution and expression of matrix metalloproteinases in healthy skin and lesional skin. Therefore, the performed analysis highlights potential problems associated with the use of metalloproteinase inhibitors in clinical studies and suggests simple and easy understandable criteria that future innovative metalloproteinase inhibitors shall satisfy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Mezentsev
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, Gubkina str., Bld. 3, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Alexander Nikolaev
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, Gubkina str., Bld. 3, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Sergey Bruskin
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, Gubkina str., Bld. 3, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
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Schumann H, Kiritsi D, Pigors M, Hausser I, Kohlhase J, Peters J, Ott H, Hyla-Klekot L, Gacka E, Sieron AL, Valari M, Bruckner-Tuderman L, Has C. Phenotypic spectrum of epidermolysis bullosa associated with α6β4 integrin mutations. Br J Dermatol 2014; 169:115-24. [PMID: 23496044 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.12317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Integrin α6β4 is a transmembrane receptor and a key component of the hemidesmosome anchoring complex. It is involved in cell-matrix adhesion and signalling in various tissues. Mutations in the ITGA6 and ITGB4 genes coding for α6β4 integrin compromise dermal-epidermal adhesion and are associated with skin blistering and pyloric atresia (PA), a disorder known as epidermolysis bullosa with PA (EB-PA). OBJECTIVES To elucidate the molecular pathology of skin fragility in eight cases, disclose the underlying ITGA6 and ITGB4 mutations and study genotype-phenotype correlations. METHODS DNA was isolated from ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-blood samples, and the coding exons and exon-intron boundaries of ITGA6 and ITGB4 were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and directly sequenced. Skin samples were submitted to immunofluorescence mapping with antibodies to adhesion proteins of the dermal-epidermal junction. Primary keratinocytes were isolated, and used for RNA and protein extraction, reverse transcription PCR and immunoblotting. Ultrastructural analysis of the skin was performed in one patient. RESULTS We disclose 10 novel mutations, one in ITGA6 and nine in ITGB4. Skin cleavage was either intraepidermal or junctional. Lethal outcome and PA correlated with loss-of-function mutations in two cases. Solely mild skin involvement was associated with deletion of the C-terminus of β4 integrin. Combinations of missense, nonsense or frameshift mutations caused severe urinary tract involvement in addition to skin fragility in five cases. CONCLUSIONS The present study reveals novel ITGA6 and ITGB4 gene mutations and supports previous reports showing that the phenotype may lack PA and be limited to skin and nail involvement. In four out of six cases of EB-PA, life expectancy was not impaired. A high frequency of urinary tract involvement was found in this study, and represented the main cause of morbidity. Low levels of β4 integrin expression were compatible with hemidesmosomal integrity and a mild skin phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Schumann
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Hauptstr 7, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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