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Mazzoleni A, Awuah WA, Sanker V, Bharadwaj HR, Aderinto N, Tan JK, Huang HYR, Poornaselvan J, Shah MH, Atallah O, Tawfik A, Elmanzalawi MEAE, Ghozlan SH, Abdul-Rahman T, Moyondafoluwa JA, Alexiou A, Papadakis M. Chromosomal instability: a key driver in glioma pathogenesis and progression. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:451. [PMID: 39227895 PMCID: PMC11373396 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-02043-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a pivotal factor in gliomas, contributing to their complexity, progression, and therapeutic challenges. CIN, characterized by frequent genomic alterations during mitosis, leads to genetic abnormalities and impacts cellular functions. This instability results from various factors, including replication errors and toxic compounds. While CIN's role is well documented in cancers like ovarian cancer, its implications for gliomas are increasingly recognized. CIN influences glioma progression by affecting key oncological pathways, such as tumor suppressor genes (e.g., TP53), oncogenes (e.g., EGFR), and DNA repair mechanisms. It drives tumor evolution, promotes inflammatory signaling, and affects immune interactions, potentially leading to poor clinical outcomes and treatment resistance. This review examines CIN's impact on gliomas through a narrative approach, analyzing data from PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Scopus. It highlights CIN's role across glioma subtypes, from adult glioblastomas and astrocytomas to pediatric oligodendrogliomas and astrocytomas. Key findings include CIN's effect on tumor heterogeneity and its potential as a biomarker for early detection and monitoring. Emerging therapies targeting CIN, such as those modulating tumor mutation burden and DNA damage response pathways, show promise but face challenges. The review underscores the need for integrated therapeutic strategies and improved bioinformatics tools like CINdex to advance understanding and treatment of gliomas. Future research should focus on combining CIN-targeted therapies with immune modulation and personalized medicine to enhance patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele Mazzoleni
- Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
| | | | - Vivek Sanker
- Department Of Neurosurgery, Trivandrum Medical College, Trivandrum, India
| | | | - Nicholas Aderinto
- Internal Medicine Department, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | | | - Helen Ye Rim Huang
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Oday Atallah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Aya Tawfik
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Sama Hesham Ghozlan
- Arab Academy for Science, Technology & Maritime Transport, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | | | - Athanasios Alexiou
- University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Chandigarh-Ludhiana Highway, Mohali, Punjab, India
- Funogen, Department of Research & Development, Athens, Greece
- Department of Research & Development, AFNP Med, 1030, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, 2770, Australia
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, University of Witten-Herdecke, Heusnerstrasse 40, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany.
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2
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Cyll K, Skaaheim Haug E, Pradhan M, Vlatkovic L, Carlsen B, Löffeler S, Kildal W, Skogstad K, Hauge Torkelsen F, Syvertsen RA, Askautrud HA, Liestøl K, Kleppe A, Danielsen HE. DNA ploidy and PTEN as biomarkers for predicting aggressive disease in prostate cancer patients under active surveillance. Br J Cancer 2024; 131:895-904. [PMID: 38961192 PMCID: PMC11368925 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02780-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current risk stratification tools for prostate cancer patients under active surveillance (AS) may inadequately identify those needing treatment. We investigated DNA ploidy and PTEN as potential biomarkers to predict aggressive disease in AS patients. METHODS We assessed DNA ploidy by image cytometry and PTEN protein expression by immunohistochemistry in 3197 tumour-containing tissue blocks from 558 patients followed in AS at a Norwegian local hospital. The primary endpoint was treatment, with treatment failure (biochemical recurrence or initiation of salvage therapy) as the secondary endpoint. RESULTS The combined DNA ploidy and PTEN (DPP) status at diagnosis was associated with treatment-free survival in univariable- and multivariable analysis, with a HR for DPP-aberrant vs. DPP-normal tumours of 2.12 (p < 0.0001) and 1.94 (p < 0.0001), respectively. Integration of DNA ploidy and PTEN status with the Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment (CAPRA) score improved risk stratification (c-index difference = 0.025; p = 0.0033). Among the treated patients, those with DPP-aberrant tumours exhibited a significantly higher likelihood of treatment failure (HR 2.01; p = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS DNA ploidy and PTEN could serve as additional biomarkers to identify AS patients at increased risk of developing aggressive disease, enabling earlier intervention for nearly 50% of the patients that will eventually receive treatment with current protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Cyll
- Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, Oslo University Hospital, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Urology, Vestfold Hospital Trust, 3103, Tønsberg, Norway.
| | - Erik Skaaheim Haug
- Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, Oslo University Hospital, 0424, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Urology, Vestfold Hospital Trust, 3103, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Manohar Pradhan
- Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, Oslo University Hospital, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ljiljana Vlatkovic
- Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, Oslo University Hospital, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Birgitte Carlsen
- Department of Pathology, Vestfold Hospital Trust, 3103, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Sven Löffeler
- Department of Urology, Vestfold Hospital Trust, 3103, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Wanja Kildal
- Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, Oslo University Hospital, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karin Skogstad
- Department of Urology, Vestfold Hospital Trust, 3103, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Frida Hauge Torkelsen
- Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, Oslo University Hospital, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rolf Anders Syvertsen
- Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, Oslo University Hospital, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hanne A Askautrud
- Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, Oslo University Hospital, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Knut Liestøl
- Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, Oslo University Hospital, 0424, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andreas Kleppe
- Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, Oslo University Hospital, 0424, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, 0316, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Research-based Innovation Visual Intelligence, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Håvard E Danielsen
- Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, Oslo University Hospital, 0424, Oslo, Norway
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
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3
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Tuo Z, Zhang Y, Li D, Wang Y, Wu R, Wang J, Yu Q, Ye L, Shao F, Wusiman D, Yang Y, Yoo KH, Ke M, Okoli UA, Cho WC, Heavey S, Wei W, Feng D. Relationship between clonal evolution and drug resistance in bladder cancer: A genomic research review. Pharmacol Res 2024; 206:107302. [PMID: 39004242 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Bladder cancer stands as a prevalent global malignancy, exhibiting notable sex-based variations in both incidence and prognosis. Despite substantial strides in therapeutic approaches, the formidable challenge of drug resistance persists. The genomic landscape of bladder cancer, characterized by intricate clonal heterogeneity, emerges as a pivotal determinant in fostering this resistance. Clonal evolution, encapsulating the dynamic transformations within subpopulations of tumor cells over time, is implicated in the emergence of drug-resistant traits. Within this review, we illuminate contemporary insights into the role of clonal evolution in bladder cancer, elucidating its influence as a driver in tumor initiation, disease progression, and the formidable obstacle of therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouting Tuo
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Dengxiong Li
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yetong Wang
- The Fourth Corps of Students of the Basic Medical College, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ruicheng Wu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qingxin Yu
- Department of Pathology, Ningbo Clinical Pathology Diagnosis Center, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province 315211, China
| | - Luxia Ye
- Department of Public Research Platform, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Fanglin Shao
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Dilinaer Wusiman
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Purdue Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Yubo Yang
- Department of Urology, Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, Wanzhou 404000, China
| | - Koo Han Yoo
- Department of Urology, Kyung Hee University, South Korea
| | - Mang Ke
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Uzoamaka Adaobi Okoli
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London W1W 7TS, UK; Basic and Translational Cancer Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR China.
| | - Susan Heavey
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London W1W 7TS, UK.
| | - Wuran Wei
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Dechao Feng
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London W1W 7TS, UK.
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Carey-Smith SL, Kotecha RS, Cheung LC, Malinge S. Insights into the Clinical, Biological and Therapeutic Impact of Copy Number Alteration in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6815. [PMID: 38999925 PMCID: PMC11241182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Copy number alterations (CNAs), resulting from the gain or loss of genetic material from as little as 50 base pairs or as big as entire chromosome(s), have been associated with many congenital diseases, de novo syndromes and cancer. It is established that CNAs disturb the dosage of genomic regions including enhancers/promoters, long non-coding RNA and gene(s) among others, ultimately leading to an altered balance of key cellular functions. In cancer, CNAs have been associated with almost all steps of the disease: predisposition, initiation, development, maintenance, response to treatment, resistance, and relapse. Therefore, understanding how specific CNAs contribute to tumourigenesis may provide prognostic insight and ultimately lead to the development of new therapeutic approaches to improve patient outcomes. In this review, we provide a snapshot of what is currently known about CNAs and cancer, incorporating topics regarding their detection, clinical impact, origin, and nature, and discuss the integration of innovative genetic engineering strategies, to highlight the potential for targeting CNAs using novel, dosage-sensitive and less toxic therapies for CNA-driven cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon L. Carey-Smith
- Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (S.L.C.-S.); (R.S.K.); (L.C.C.)
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Rishi S. Kotecha
- Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (S.L.C.-S.); (R.S.K.); (L.C.C.)
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Perth Children’s Hospital, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- UWA Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Laurence C. Cheung
- Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (S.L.C.-S.); (R.S.K.); (L.C.C.)
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Sébastien Malinge
- Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (S.L.C.-S.); (R.S.K.); (L.C.C.)
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
- UWA Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
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5
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Coombes RC, Angelou C, Al-Khalili Z, Hart W, Francescatti D, Wright N, Ellis I, Green A, Rakha E, Shousha S, Amrania H, Phillips CC, Palmieri C. Performance of a novel spectroscopy-based tool for adjuvant therapy decision-making in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer: a validation study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024; 205:349-358. [PMID: 38244167 PMCID: PMC11101376 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-07229-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Digistain Index (DI), measured using an inexpensive mid-infrared spectrometer, reflects the level of aneuploidy in unstained tissue sections and correlates with tumor grade. We investigated whether incorporating DI with other clinicopathological variables could predict outcomes in patients with early breast cancer. METHODS DI was calculated in 801 patients with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative primary breast cancer and ≤ 3 positive lymph nodes. All patients were treated with systemic endocrine therapy and no chemotherapy. Multivariable proportional hazards modeling was used to incorporate DI with clinicopathological variables to generate the Digistain Prognostic Score (DPS). DPS was assessed for prediction of 5- and 10-year outcomes (recurrence, recurrence-free survival [RFS] and overall survival [OS]) using receiver operating characteristics and Cox proportional hazards regression models. Kaplan-Meier analysis evaluated the ability of DPS to stratify risk. RESULTS DPS was consistently highly accurate and had negative predictive values for all three outcomes, ranging from 0.96 to 0.99 at 5 years and 0.84 to 0.95 at 10 years. DPS demonstrated statistically significant prognostic ability with significant hazard ratios (95% CI) for low- versus high-risk classification for RFS, recurrence and OS (1.80 [CI 1.31-2.48], 1.83 [1.32-2.52] and 1.77 [1.28-2.43], respectively; all P < 0.001). CONCLUSION DPS showed high accuracy and predictive performance, was able to stratify patients into low or high-risk, and considering its cost and rapidity, has the potential to offer clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Charles Coombes
- Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Christina Angelou
- Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Zamzam Al-Khalili
- Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - William Hart
- Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | | | | | - Ian Ellis
- Nottingham University Hospital, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Emad Rakha
- Nottingham University Hospital, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sami Shousha
- Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Hemmel Amrania
- Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Chris C Phillips
- Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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6
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Marugán C, Sanz‐Gómez N, Ortigosa B, Monfort‐Vengut A, Bertinetti C, Teijo A, González M, Alonso de la Vega A, Lallena MJ, Moreno‐Bueno G, de Cárcer G. TPX2 overexpression promotes sensitivity to dasatinib in breast cancer by activating YAP transcriptional signaling. Mol Oncol 2024; 18:1531-1551. [PMID: 38357786 PMCID: PMC11161735 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a hallmark of cancer aggressiveness, providing genetic plasticity and tumor heterogeneity that allows the tumor to evolve and adapt to stress conditions. CIN is considered a cancer therapeutic biomarker because healthy cells do not exhibit CIN. Despite recent efforts to identify therapeutic strategies related to CIN, the results obtained have been very limited. CIN is characterized by a genetic signature where a collection of genes, mostly mitotic regulators, are overexpressed in CIN-positive tumors, providing aggressiveness and poor prognosis. We attempted to identify new therapeutic strategies related to CIN genes by performing a drug screen, using cells that individually express CIN-associated genes in an inducible manner. We find that the overexpression of targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2) enhances sensitivity to the proto-oncogene c-Src (SRC) inhibitor dasatinib due to activation of the Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) pathway. Furthermore, using breast cancer data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and a cohort of cancer-derived patient samples, we find that both TPX2 overexpression and YAP activation are present in a significant percentage of cancer tumor samples and are associated with poor prognosis; therefore, they are putative biomarkers for selection for dasatinib therapy.
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Grants
- 2018-20I114 Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
- 2021-AEP035 Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
- 2022-20I018 Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
- FJC2020-044620-I Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación, Agencia Estatal de Investigación MCIN/AEI/FEDER
- PID2019-104644RB-I00 Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación, Agencia Estatal de Investigación MCIN/AEI/FEDER
- PID2021-125705OB-I00 Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación, Agencia Estatal de Investigación MCIN/AEI/FEDER
- PID2022-136854OB-I00 Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación, Agencia Estatal de Investigación MCIN/AEI/FEDER
- RTI2018-095496-B-I00 Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación, Agencia Estatal de Investigación MCIN/AEI/FEDER
- CB16/12/00295 Instituto de Salud Carlos III - CIBERONC
- LABAE16017DECA Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC) Scientific Foundation
- POSTD234371SANZ Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC) Scientific Foundation
- PROYE19036MOR Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC) Scientific Foundation
- Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
- Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC) Scientific Foundation
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Marugán
- Cell Cycle & Cancer Biomarkers Laboratory, Cancer DepartmentInstituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols‐Morreale (IIBM) CSIC‐UAMMadridSpain
- Discovery Chemistry Research and TechnologyEli Lilly and CompanyMadridSpain
| | - Natalia Sanz‐Gómez
- Cell Cycle & Cancer Biomarkers Laboratory, Cancer DepartmentInstituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols‐Morreale (IIBM) CSIC‐UAMMadridSpain
| | - Beatriz Ortigosa
- Cell Cycle & Cancer Biomarkers Laboratory, Cancer DepartmentInstituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols‐Morreale (IIBM) CSIC‐UAMMadridSpain
- Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Cancer DepartmentInstituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols‐Morreale (IIBM) CSIC‐UAMMadridSpain
| | - Ana Monfort‐Vengut
- Cell Cycle & Cancer Biomarkers Laboratory, Cancer DepartmentInstituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols‐Morreale (IIBM) CSIC‐UAMMadridSpain
| | - Cristina Bertinetti
- Cell Cycle & Cancer Biomarkers Laboratory, Cancer DepartmentInstituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols‐Morreale (IIBM) CSIC‐UAMMadridSpain
| | - Ana Teijo
- Pathology DepartmentMD Anderson Cancer CenterMadridSpain
| | - Marta González
- Cell Cycle & Cancer Biomarkers Laboratory, Cancer DepartmentInstituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols‐Morreale (IIBM) CSIC‐UAMMadridSpain
| | - Alicia Alonso de la Vega
- Cell Cycle & Cancer Biomarkers Laboratory, Cancer DepartmentInstituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols‐Morreale (IIBM) CSIC‐UAMMadridSpain
| | - María José Lallena
- Discovery Chemistry Research and TechnologyEli Lilly and CompanyMadridSpain
| | - Gema Moreno‐Bueno
- Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Cancer DepartmentInstituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols‐Morreale (IIBM) CSIC‐UAMMadridSpain
- MD Anderson International FoundationMadridSpain
- Biomedical Cancer Research Network (CIBERONC)MadridSpain
- CSIC Conexión‐Cáncer Hub (https://conexion‐cancer.csic.es)
| | - Guillermo de Cárcer
- Cell Cycle & Cancer Biomarkers Laboratory, Cancer DepartmentInstituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols‐Morreale (IIBM) CSIC‐UAMMadridSpain
- CSIC Conexión‐Cáncer Hub (https://conexion‐cancer.csic.es)
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Zhou J, Wu C, Li S. CNS Germ Cell Tumors: Molecular Advances, Significance in Risk Stratification and Future Directions. Brain Sci 2024; 14:445. [PMID: 38790424 PMCID: PMC11119131 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14050445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Central Nervous System Germ Cell Tumors (CNS GCTs) represent a subtype of intracranial malignant tumors characterized by highly heterogeneous histology. Current diagnostic methods in clinical practice have notable limitations, and treatment strategies struggle to achieve personalized therapy based on patient risk stratification. Advances in molecular genetics, biology, epigenetics, and understanding of the tumor microenvironment suggest the diagnostic potential of associated molecular alterations, aiding risk subgroup identification at diagnosis. Furthermore, they suggest the existence of novel therapeutic approaches targeting chromosomal alterations, mutated genes and altered signaling pathways, methylation changes, microRNAs, and immune checkpoints. Moving forward, further research is imperative to explore the pathogenesis of CNS GCTs and unravel the intricate interactions among various molecular alterations. Additionally, these findings require validation in clinical cohorts to assess their role in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shouwei Li
- Department of Neuro-Oncology (No.6 Neurosurgery Department), Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.50. Yi-Ke-Song, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing 100093, China; (J.Z.); (C.W.)
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Hosea R, Hillary S, Naqvi S, Wu S, Kasim V. The two sides of chromosomal instability: drivers and brakes in cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:75. [PMID: 38553459 PMCID: PMC10980778 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01767-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a hallmark of cancer and is associated with tumor cell malignancy. CIN triggers a chain reaction in cells leading to chromosomal abnormalities, including deviations from the normal chromosome number or structural changes in chromosomes. CIN arises from errors in DNA replication and chromosome segregation during cell division, leading to the formation of cells with abnormal number and/or structure of chromosomes. Errors in DNA replication result from abnormal replication licensing as well as replication stress, such as double-strand breaks and stalled replication forks; meanwhile, errors in chromosome segregation stem from defects in chromosome segregation machinery, including centrosome amplification, erroneous microtubule-kinetochore attachments, spindle assembly checkpoint, or defective sister chromatids cohesion. In normal cells, CIN is deleterious and is associated with DNA damage, proteotoxic stress, metabolic alteration, cell cycle arrest, and senescence. Paradoxically, despite these negative consequences, CIN is one of the hallmarks of cancer found in over 90% of solid tumors and in blood cancers. Furthermore, CIN could endow tumors with enhanced adaptation capabilities due to increased intratumor heterogeneity, thereby facilitating adaptive resistance to therapies; however, excessive CIN could induce tumor cells death, leading to the "just-right" model for CIN in tumors. Elucidating the complex nature of CIN is crucial for understanding the dynamics of tumorigenesis and for developing effective anti-tumor treatments. This review provides an overview of causes and consequences of CIN, as well as the paradox of CIN, a phenomenon that continues to perplex researchers. Finally, this review explores the potential of CIN-based anti-tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rendy Hosea
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Sharon Hillary
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Sumera Naqvi
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Shourong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
| | - Vivi Kasim
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
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9
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Yang YH, Wei YL, She ZY. Kinesin-7 CENP-E in tumorigenesis: Chromosome instability, spindle assembly checkpoint, and applications. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1366113. [PMID: 38560520 PMCID: PMC10978661 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1366113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Kinesin motors are a large family of molecular motors that walk along microtubules to fulfill many roles in intracellular transport, microtubule organization, and chromosome alignment. Kinesin-7 CENP-E (Centromere protein E) is a chromosome scaffold-associated protein that is located in the corona layer of centromeres, which participates in kinetochore-microtubule attachment, chromosome alignment, and spindle assembly checkpoint. Over the past 3 decades, CENP-E has attracted great interest as a promising new mitotic target for cancer therapy and drug development. In this review, we describe expression patterns of CENP-E in multiple tumors and highlight the functions of CENP-E in cancer cell proliferation. We summarize recent advances in structural domains, roles, and functions of CENP-E in cell division. Notably, we describe the dual functions of CENP-E in inhibiting and promoting tumorigenesis. We summarize the mechanisms by which CENP-E affects tumorigenesis through chromosome instability and spindle assembly checkpoints. Finally, we overview and summarize the CENP-E-specific inhibitors, mechanisms of drug resistances and their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hao Yang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ya-Lan Wei
- Medical Research Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Yu She
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
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10
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Joy J, Fusari E, Milán M. Aneuploidy-induced cellular behaviors: Insights from Drosophila. Dev Cell 2024; 59:295-307. [PMID: 38320484 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
A balanced gene complement is crucial for proper cell function. Aneuploidy, the condition of having an imbalanced chromosome set, alters the stoichiometry of gene copy numbers and protein complexes and has dramatic consequences at the cellular and organismal levels. In humans, aneuploidy is associated with different pathological conditions including cancer, microcephaly, mental retardation, miscarriages, and aging. Over the last century, Drosophila has provided a valuable system for studying the consequences of systemic aneuploidies. More recently, it has contributed to the identification and molecular dissection of aneuploidy-induced cellular behaviors and their impact at the tissue and organismal levels. In this perspective, we review this active field of research, first by comparing knowledge from yeast, mouse, and human cells, then by highlighting the contributions of Drosophila. The aim of these discussions was to further our understanding of the functional interplay between aneuploidy, cell physiology, and tissue homeostasis in human development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jery Joy
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Fusari
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marco Milán
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Pg. Lluis Companys, 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain.
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11
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Shorokhova M, Pugovkina N, Zemelko V, Lyublinskaya O, Grinchuk T. Long-Term Cryopreservation May Cause Genomic Instability and the Premature Senescence of Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1467. [PMID: 38338745 PMCID: PMC10855830 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cryopreservation is an essential step for utilizing various cell types for biological research and medical purposes. At the same time, there is a lack of data on the effect of cryopreservation, especially when prolonged, on the karyotype of cells. In the present work, we analyzed the genetic stability of cells subjected to a cryopreservation procedure. The objects were immortalized Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (CHL V-79 RJK line) and human endometrial mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (eMSCs). We showed that short-term cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen for up to 6 months did not affect the karyotype stability of CHL V-79 RJK and eMSCs. On the contrary, karyotyping of G-banded metaphase chromosomes in cells underwent 10-year cryopreservation, which revealed genomic instability in both cell lines associated with the variability of chromosome number in cells, random chromosomal rearrangements, and condensation disorder in homologs. In addition, we found out that long-term cryopreservation of eMSCs does not affect the expression of their typical surface markers and morphology, but results in a significant reduction in proliferative potential and early manifestation of cellular senescence features upon eMSCs culturing. Thus, we concluded that the long-term cryopreservation of cells of different types and biological origin can lead to irreversible changes of their karyotype and acceleration of cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Shorokhova
- Department of Intracellular Signaling and Transport, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretskii pr. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (N.P.); (V.Z.); (O.L.); (T.G.)
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12
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Feng D, Tuo Z, Wang J, Ye L, Li D, Wu R, Wei W, Yang Y, Zhang C. Establishment of novel ferroptosis-related prognostic subtypes correlating with immune dysfunction in prostate cancer patients. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23495. [PMID: 38187257 PMCID: PMC10770465 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to identify two new prognostic subtypes and create a predictive index for prostate cancer (PCa) patients based on ferroptosis database. Methods The nonnegative matrix factorization approach was used to identify molecular subtypes. We investigate the differences between cluster 1 and cluster 2 in terms of clinical features, functional pathways, tumour stemness, tumour heterogeneity, gene mutation and tumour immune microenvironment score after identifying the two molecular subtypes. Colony formation assay and flow cytometry assay were performed. Results The stratification of two clusters was closely connected to BCR-free survival using the nonnegative matrix factorization method, which was validated in the other three datasets. Furthermore, multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that this classification was an independent risk factor for patients with PCa. Ribosome, aminoacyl tRNA production, oxidative phosphorylation, and Parkinson's disease-related pathways were shown to be highly enriched in cluster 1. In comparison to cluster 2, patients in cluster 1 exhibited significantly reduced CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, neutrophils, dendritic cells and tumor immune microenvironment scores. Only HHLA2 was more abundant in cluster 1. Moreover, we found that P4HB downregulation could significantly inhibit the colony formation ability and contributed to cell apoptosis of C4-2B and DU145 cell lines. Conclusions We discovered two new prognostic subtypes associated with immunological dysfunction in PCa patients based on ferroptosis-related genes and found that P4HB downregulation could significantly inhibit the colony formation ability and contributed to cell apoptosis of PCa cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dechao Feng
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Zhouting Tuo
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Luxia Ye
- Department of Public Research Platform, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Dengxiong Li
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ruicheng Wu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wuran Wei
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yubo Yang
- Department of Urology, Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Wanzhou, Chongqing, 404000, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
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13
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Zhang X, Kschischo M. Profiling Numerical and Structural Chromosomal Instability in Different Cancer Types. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2825:345-360. [PMID: 38913320 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3946-7_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Many cancers display whole chromosome instability (W-CIN) and structural chromosomal instability (S-CIN), referring to increased rates of acquiring numerically and structurally abnormal chromosome changes. This protocol provides detailed steps to analyze the W-CIN and S-CIN across cancer types, intending to leverage large-scale bulk sequencing and SNP array data complemented with the computational models to gain a better understanding of W-CIN and S-CIN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Zhang
- Department of Mathematics and Technology, University of Applied Sciences Koblenz, Remagen, Germany
- Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Maik Kschischo
- Department of Mathematics and Technology, University of Applied Sciences Koblenz, Remagen, Germany.
- Institute for Computer Science, University of Koblenz, Koblenz, Germany.
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14
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Payton M, Belmontes B, Hanestad K, Moriguchi J, Chen K, McCarter JD, Chung G, Ninniri MS, Sun J, Manoukian R, Chambers S, Ho SM, Kurzeja RJM, Edson KZ, Dahal UP, Wu T, Wannberg S, Beltran PJ, Canon J, Boghossian AS, Rees MG, Ronan MM, Roth JA, Minocherhomji S, Bourbeau MP, Allen JR, Coxon A, Tamayo NA, Hughes PE. Small-molecule inhibition of kinesin KIF18A reveals a mitotic vulnerability enriched in chromosomally unstable cancers. NATURE CANCER 2024; 5:66-84. [PMID: 38151625 PMCID: PMC10824666 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-023-00699-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a hallmark of cancer, caused by persistent errors in chromosome segregation during mitosis. Aggressive cancers like high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) have a high frequency of CIN and TP53 mutations. Here, we show that inhibitors of the KIF18A motor protein activate the mitotic checkpoint and selectively kill chromosomally unstable cancer cells. Sensitivity to KIF18A inhibition is enriched in TP53-mutant HGSOC and TNBC cell lines with CIN features, including in a subset of CCNE1-amplified, CDK4-CDK6-inhibitor-resistant and BRCA1-altered cell line models. Our KIF18A inhibitors have minimal detrimental effects on human bone marrow cells in culture, distinct from other anti-mitotic agents. In mice, inhibition of KIF18A leads to robust anti-cancer effects with tumor regression observed in human HGSOC and TNBC models at well-tolerated doses. Collectively, our results provide a rational therapeutic strategy for selective targeting of CIN cancers via KIF18A inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Payton
- Oncology Research, Amgen Research, Thousand Oaks, CA, USA.
| | | | - Kelly Hanestad
- Oncology Research, Amgen Research, Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - Jodi Moriguchi
- Oncology Research, Amgen Research, Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - Kui Chen
- Lead Discovery and Characterization, Amgen Research, Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - John D McCarter
- Lead Discovery and Characterization, Amgen Research, Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - Grace Chung
- Oncology Research, Amgen Research, Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | | | - Jan Sun
- Oncology Research, Amgen Research, Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Seok-Man Ho
- Research Biomics, Amgen Research, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Tian Wu
- Pre-Pivotal Drug Product, Amgen Process Development, Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Jude Canon
- Oncology Research, Amgen Research, Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Sheroy Minocherhomji
- Translational Safety and Bioanalytical Sciences, Amgen Research, Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Angela Coxon
- Oncology Research, Amgen Research, Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - Nuria A Tamayo
- Medicinal Chemistry, Amgen Research, Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
| | - Paul E Hughes
- Oncology Research, Amgen Research, Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
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15
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Taluri S, Oza VH, Soelter TM, Fisher JL, Lasseigne BN. Inferring chromosomal instability from copy number aberrations as a measure of chromosomal instability across human cancers. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2023; 6:e1902. [PMID: 37680168 PMCID: PMC10728508 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a complex disease that is the second leading cause of death in the United States. Despite research efforts, the ability to manage cancer and select optimal therapeutic responses for each patient remains elusive. Chromosomal instability (CIN) is primarily a product of segregation errors wherein one or many chromosomes, in part or whole, vary in number. CIN is an enabling characteristic of cancer, contributes to tumor-cell heterogeneity, and plays a crucial role in the multistep tumorigenesis process, especially in tumor growth and initiation and in response to treatment. AIMS Multiple studies have reported different metrics for analyzing copy number aberrations as surrogates of CIN from DNA copy number variation data. However, these metrics differ in how they are calculated with respect to the type of variation, the magnitude of change, and the inclusion of breakpoints. Here we compared metrics capturing CIN as either numerical aberrations, structural aberrations, or a combination of the two across 33 cancer data sets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). METHODS AND RESULTS Using CIN inferred by methods in the CINmetrics R package, we evaluated how six copy number CIN surrogates compared across TCGA cohorts by assessing each across tumor types, as well as how they associate with tumor stage, metastasis, and nodal involvement, and with respect to patient sex. CONCLUSIONS We found that the tumor type impacts how well any two given CIN metrics correlate. While we also identified overlap between metrics regarding their association with clinical characteristics and patient sex, there was not complete agreement between metrics. We identified several cases where only one CIN metric was significantly associated with a clinical characteristic or patient sex for a given tumor type. Therefore, caution should be used when describing CIN based on a given metric or comparing it to other studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasha Taluri
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Vishal H. Oza
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Tabea M. Soelter
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Jennifer L. Fisher
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Brittany N. Lasseigne
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAlabamaUSA
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16
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Zhao L, Ye S, Jing S, Gao YJ, He T. Targeting TRIP13 for overcoming anticancer drug resistance (Review). Oncol Rep 2023; 50:202. [PMID: 37800638 PMCID: PMC10565899 DOI: 10.3892/or.2023.8639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the greatest dangers to human wellbeing and survival. A key barrier to effective cancer therapy is development of resistance to anti‑cancer medications. In cancer cells, the AAA+ ATPase family member thyroid hormone receptor interactor 13 (TRIP13) is key in promoting treatment resistance. Nonetheless, knowledge of the molecular processes underlying TRIP13‑based resistance to anticancer therapies is lacking. The present study evaluated the function of TRIP13 expression in anticancer drug resistance and potential methods to overcome this resistance. Additionally, the underlying mechanisms by which TRIP13 promotes resistance to anticancer drugs were explored, including induction of mitotic checkpoint complex surveillance system malfunction, promotion of DNA repair, the enhancement of autophagy and the prevention of immunological clearance. The effects of combination treatment, which include a TRIP13 inhibitor in addition to other inhibitors, were discussed. The present study evaluated the literature on TRIP13 as a possible target and its association with anticancer drug resistance, which may facilitate improvements in current anticancer therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Zhao
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P.R. China
| | - Siyu Ye
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P.R. China
| | - Shengnan Jing
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Jing Gao
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P.R. China
| | - Tianzhen He
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P.R. China
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17
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Ognibene M, De Marco P, Amoroso L, Fragola M, Zara F, Parodi S, Pezzolo A. Neuroblastoma Patients' Outcome and Chromosomal Instability. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15514. [PMID: 37958497 PMCID: PMC10648898 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal instability (CIN) induces a high rate of losses or gains of whole chromosomes or parts of chromosomes. It is a hallmark of most human cancers and one of the causes of aneuploidy and intra-tumor heterogeneity. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential prognostic role of CIN in NB patients at diagnosis. We performed array comparative genomic hybridization analyses on 451 primary NB patients at the onset of the disease. To assess global chromosomal instability with high precision, we focused on the total number of DNA breakpoints of gains or losses of chromosome arms. For each tumor, an array-CGH-based breakpoint instability index (BPI) was assigned which defined the total number of chromosomal breakpoints per genome. This approach allowed us to quantify CIN related to whole genome disruption in all NB cases analyzed. We found differences in chromosomal breakages among the NB clinical risk groups. High BPI values are negatively associated with survival of NB patients. This association remains significant when correcting for stage, age, and MYCN status in the Cox model. Stratified analysis confirms the prognostic effect of BPI index in low-risk NB patients with non-amplified MYCN and with segmental chromosome aberrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Ognibene
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (P.D.M.); (F.Z.)
| | - Patrizia De Marco
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (P.D.M.); (F.Z.)
| | - Loredana Amoroso
- U.O.C. Oncologia Pediatrica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Martina Fragola
- Epidemiologia e Biostatistica, Direzione Scientifica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (M.F.); (S.P.)
| | - Federico Zara
- U.O.C. Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (P.D.M.); (F.Z.)
| | - Stefano Parodi
- Epidemiologia e Biostatistica, Direzione Scientifica, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy; (M.F.); (S.P.)
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18
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Sauer CM, Hall JA, Couturier DL, Bradley T, Piskorz AM, Griffiths J, Sawle A, Eldridge MD, Smith P, Hosking K, Reinius MAV, Morrill Gavarró L, Mes-Masson AM, Ennis D, Millan D, Hoyle A, McNeish IA, Jimenez-Linan M, Martins FC, Tischer J, Vias M, Brenton JD. Molecular landscape and functional characterization of centrosome amplification in ovarian cancer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6505. [PMID: 37845213 PMCID: PMC10579337 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41840-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is characterised by poor outcome and extreme chromosome instability (CIN). Therapies targeting centrosome amplification (CA), a key mediator of chromosome missegregation, may have significant clinical utility in HGSOC. However, the prevalence of CA in HGSOC, its relationship to genomic biomarkers of CIN and its potential impact on therapeutic response have not been defined. Using high-throughput multi-regional microscopy on 287 clinical HGSOC tissues and 73 cell lines models, here we show that CA through centriole overduplication is a highly recurrent and heterogeneous feature of HGSOC and strongly associated with CIN and genome subclonality. Cell-based studies showed that high-prevalence CA is phenocopied in ovarian cancer cell lines, and that high CA is associated with increased multi-treatment resistance; most notably to paclitaxel, the commonest treatment used in HGSOC. CA in HGSOC may therefore present a potential driver of tumour evolution and a powerful biomarker for response to standard-of-care treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin M Sauer
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK.
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre-Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK.
| | - James A Hall
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre-Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Dominique-Laurent Couturier
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Medical Research Council Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK
| | - Thomas Bradley
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre-Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Anna M Piskorz
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre-Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Jacob Griffiths
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre-Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Ashley Sawle
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre-Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Matthew D Eldridge
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre-Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Philip Smith
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre-Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Karen Hosking
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre-Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Marika A V Reinius
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre-Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lena Morrill Gavarró
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre-Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Anne-Marie Mes-Masson
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal and Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Darren Ennis
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - David Millan
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Aoisha Hoyle
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Monklands. NHS Lanarkshire, Airdrie, UK
| | - Iain A McNeish
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mercedes Jimenez-Linan
- Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Filipe Correia Martins
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre-Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Julia Tischer
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre-Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Maria Vias
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre-Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - James D Brenton
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK.
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre-Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK.
- Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
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Velásquez Sotomayor MB, Campos Segura AV, Asurza Montalva RJ, Marín-Sánchez O, Murillo Carrasco AG, Ortiz Rojas CA. Establishment of a 7-gene expression panel to improve the prognosis classification of gastric cancer patients. Front Genet 2023; 14:1206609. [PMID: 37772256 PMCID: PMC10522918 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1206609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) ranks fifth in incidence and fourth in mortality worldwide. The high death rate in patients with GC requires new biomarkers for improving survival estimation. In this study, we performed a transcriptome-based analysis of five publicly available cohorts to identify genes consistently associated with prognosis in GC. Based on the ROC curve, patients were categorized into high and low-expression groups for each gene using the best cutoff point. Genes associated with survival (AUC > 0.5; univariate and multivariate Cox regressions, p < 0.05) were used to model gene expression-based scores by weighted sum using the pooled Cox β regression coefficients. Cox regression (p < 0.05), AUC > 0.5, sensitivity > 0.5, and specificity > 0.5 were considered to identify the best scores. Gene set enrichment analysis (KEGG, REACTOME, and Gene Ontology databases), as well as microenvironment composition and stromal cell signatures prediction (CIBERSORT, EPIC, xCell, MCP-counter, and quanTIseq web tools) were performed. We found 11 genes related to GC survival in the five independent cohorts. Then, we modeled scores by calculating all possible combinations between these genes. Among the 2,047 scores, we identified a panel based on the expression of seven genes. It was named GES7 and is composed of CCDC91, DYNC1I1, FAM83D, LBH, SLITRK5, WTIP, and NAP1L3 genes. GES7 features were validated in two independent external cohorts. Next, GES7 was found to recategorize patients from AJCC TNM stages into a best-fitted prognostic group. The GES7 was associated with activation of the TGF-β pathway and repression of anticancer immune cells. Finally, we compared the GES7 with 30 previous proposed scores, finding that GES7 is one of the most robust scores. As a result, the GES7 is a reliable gene-expression-based signature to improve the prognosis estimation in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Belén Velásquez Sotomayor
- Immunology and Cancer Research Group (IMMUCA), Lima, Peru
- Escuela de Medicina Humana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú
| | - Anthony Vladimir Campos Segura
- Immunology and Cancer Research Group (IMMUCA), Lima, Peru
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biology, International Center of Research CIPE, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo José Asurza Montalva
- Immunology and Cancer Research Group (IMMUCA), Lima, Peru
- Escuela de Medicina Humana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú
| | - Obert Marín-Sánchez
- Immunology and Cancer Research Group (IMMUCA), Lima, Peru
- Departamento Académico de Microbiología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Alexis Germán Murillo Carrasco
- Immunology and Cancer Research Group (IMMUCA), Lima, Peru
- Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia (LIM24), Departamento de Radiologia e Oncologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - César Alexander Ortiz Rojas
- Immunology and Cancer Research Group (IMMUCA), Lima, Peru
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM) 31, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Cheng Y, Qu Z, Jiang Q, Xu T, Zheng H, Ye P, He M, Tong Y, Ma Y, Bao A. Functional Materials for Subcellular Targeting Strategies in Cancer Therapy: Progress and Prospects. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2305095. [PMID: 37665594 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies have made significant progress in cancer treatment. However, tumor adjuvant therapy still faces challenges due to the intrinsic heterogeneity of cancer, genomic instability, and the formation of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Functional materials possess unique biological properties such as long circulation times, tumor-specific targeting, and immunomodulation. The combination of functional materials with natural substances and nanotechnology has led to the development of smart biomaterials with multiple functions, high biocompatibilities, and negligible immunogenicities, which can be used for precise cancer treatment. Recently, subcellular structure-targeting functional materials have received particular attention in various biomedical applications including the diagnosis, sensing, and imaging of tumors and drug delivery. Subcellular organelle-targeting materials can precisely accumulate therapeutic agents in organelles, considerably reduce the threshold dosages of therapeutic agents, and minimize drug-related side effects. This review provides a systematic and comprehensive overview of the research progress in subcellular organelle-targeted cancer therapy based on functional nanomaterials. Moreover, it explains the challenges and prospects of subcellular organelle-targeting functional materials in precision oncology. The review will serve as an excellent cutting-edge guide for researchers in the field of subcellular organelle-targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiang Cheng
- Department of Gynecology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, No.238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Qu
- Department of Blood Transfusion Research, Wuhan Blood Center (WHBC), HUST-WHBC United Hematology Optical Imaging Center, No.8 Baofeng 1st Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Qian Jiang
- Department of Blood Transfusion Research, Wuhan Blood Center (WHBC), HUST-WHBC United Hematology Optical Imaging Center, No.8 Baofeng 1st Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan Blood Center (WHBC), No.8 Baofeng 1st Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Hongyun Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, No.238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, P. R. China
| | - Peng Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, No.238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, P. R. China
| | - Mingdi He
- Department of Blood Transfusion Research, Wuhan Blood Center (WHBC), HUST-WHBC United Hematology Optical Imaging Center, No.8 Baofeng 1st Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Yongqing Tong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, No.238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, P. R. China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Blood Transfusion Research, Wuhan Blood Center (WHBC), HUST-WHBC United Hematology Optical Imaging Center, No.8 Baofeng 1st Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Anyu Bao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, No.238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, P. R. China
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21
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Taluri S, Oza VH, Soelter TM, Fisher JL, Lasseigne BN. Inferring chromosomal instability from copy number aberrations as a measure of chromosomal instability across human cancers. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.24.542174. [PMID: 37292608 PMCID: PMC10245901 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.24.542174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Cancer is a complex disease that is the second leading cause of death in the United States. Despite research efforts, the ability to manage cancer and select optimal therapeutic responses for each patient remains elusive. Chromosomal instability (CIN) is primarily a product of segregation errors wherein one or many chromosomes, in part or whole, vary in number. CIN is an enabling characteristic of cancer, contributes to tumor-cell heterogeneity, and plays a crucial role in the multistep tumorigenesis process, especially in tumor growth and initiation and in response to treatment. Aims Multiple studies have reported different metrics for analyzing copy number aberrations as surrogates of CIN from DNA copy number variation data. However, these metrics differ in how they are calculated with respect to the type of variation, the magnitude of change, and the inclusion of breakpoints. Here we compared metrics capturing CIN as either numerical aberrations, structural aberrations, or a combination of the two across 33 cancer data sets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Methods and results Using CIN inferred by methods in the CINmetrics R package, we evaluated how six copy number CIN surrogates compared across TCGA cohorts by assessing each across tumor types, as well as how they associate with tumor stage, metastasis, and nodal involvement, and with respect to patient sex. Conclusions We found that the tumor type impacts how well any two given CIN metrics correlate. While we also identified overlap between metrics regarding their association with clinical characteristics and patient sex, there was not complete agreement between metrics. We identified several cases where only one CIN metric was significantly associated with a clinical characteristic or patient sex for a given tumor type. Therefore, caution should be used when describing CIN based on a given metric or comparing it to other studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasha Taluri
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Vishal H. Oza
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Tabea M. Soelter
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Fisher
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Brittany N. Lasseigne
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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22
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Chen J, Xie T, Yang J, Lin X, Huang L, Su S, Deng J. Feasibility study of expressing epcam + /vimentin + CTC in prostate cancer diagnosis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023:10.1007/s00432-023-04819-7. [PMID: 37127827 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04819-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies in men and one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths; circulating tumor cells (CTC) are malignant cells that have broken off from original tumor or metastatic sites and extravasated into the blood vessels either naturally or maybe as a consequence of surgical procedures. This study aims to explore the feasibility of liquid biopsy technique to diagnose prostate cancer. METHOD We constructed an assay platform integrating magnetic separation and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to effectively capture prostate cancer CTCs and evaluate the distribution between healthy volunteers and prostate cancer patients, respectively. RESULTS There was a significant difference in the number of CTCs between the healthy population and prostate cancer patients (P < 0.001). The results of the study showed that the CTCs capture identification system has good sensitivity and specificity in identifying prostate cancer patients. CONCLUSION The CTCs test allows us to accurately identify patients who are at high risk for prostate cancer, allowing for early intervention and treating patients effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyong Chen
- Department of Urology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), 79 Kangning Rd., Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Tao Xie
- Department of Urology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), 79 Kangning Rd., Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pathology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Xuehua Lin
- Department of Urology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), 79 Kangning Rd., Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Long Huang
- Department of Urology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), 79 Kangning Rd., Zhuhai, 519000, China.
| | - Shiya Su
- Department of Urology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), 79 Kangning Rd., Zhuhai, 519000, China.
| | - Jian Deng
- Department of Urology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), 79 Kangning Rd., Zhuhai, 519000, China.
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23
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Oza VH, Fisher JL, Darji R, Lasseigne BN. CINmetrics: an R package for analyzing copy number aberrations as a measure of chromosomal instability. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15244. [PMID: 37123011 PMCID: PMC10143595 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic instability is an important hallmark of cancer and more recently has been identified in others like neurodegenrative diseases. Chromosomal instability, as a measure of genomic instability, has been used to characterize clinical and biological phenotypes associated with these diseases by measuring structural and numerical chromosomal alterations. There have been multiple chromosomal instability scores developed across many studies in the literature; however, these scores have not been compared because of the lack of a single tool available to calculate and facilitate these various metrics. Here, we provide an R package CINmetrics, that calculates six different chromosomal instability scores and allows direct comparison between them. We also demonstrate how these scores differ by applying CINmetrics to breast cancer data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The package is available on CRAN at https://cran.rproject.org/package=CINmetrics and on GitHub at https://github.com/lasseignelab/CINmetrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal H. Oza
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama - Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L. Fisher
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama - Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Roshan Darji
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, United States of America
| | - Brittany N. Lasseigne
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama - Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
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24
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Zhu J, Kong W, Huang L, Bi S, Jiao X, Zhu S. Identification of immunotherapy and chemotherapy-related molecular subtypes in colon cancer by integrated multi-omics data analysis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1142609. [PMID: 37020539 PMCID: PMC10067602 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1142609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundColon cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease, and identifying molecular subtypes can provide insights into deregulated pathways within tumor subsets, which may lead to personalized treatment options. However, most prognostic models are based on single-pathway genes.MethodsIn this study, we aimed to identify three clinically relevant subtypes of colon cancer based on multiple signaling pathways-related genes. Integrative multi-omics analysis was used to explain the biological processes contributing to colon cancer aggressiveness, recurrence, and progression. Machine learning methods were employed to identify the subtypes and provide medication guidance for distinct subtypes using the L1000 platform. We developed a robust prognostic model (MKPC score) based on gene pairs and validated it in one internal test set and three external test sets. Risk-related genes were extracted and verified by qPCR.ResultsThree clinically relevant subtypes of colon cancer were identified based on multiple signaling pathways-related genes, which had significantly different survival state (Log-Rank test, p<0.05). Integrative multi-omics analysis revealed biological processes contributing to colon cancer aggressiveness, recurrence, and progression. The developed MKPC score, based on gene pairs, was robust in predicting prognosis state (Log-Rank test, p<0.05), and risk-related genes were successfully verified by qPCR (t test, p<0.05). An easy-to-use web tool was created for risk scoring and therapy stratification in colon cancer patients, and the practical nomogram can be extended to other cancer types.ConclusionIn conclusion, our study identified three clinically relevant subtypes of colon cancer and developed a robust prognostic model based on gene pairs. The developed web tool is a valuable resource for researchers and clinicians in risk scoring and therapy stratification in colon cancer patients, and the practical nomogram can be extended to other cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Weikaixin Kong
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Sujie Zhu, ; Weikaixin Kong, ; Xuelong Jiao,
| | - Liting Huang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Suzhen Bi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuelong Jiao
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Sujie Zhu, ; Weikaixin Kong, ; Xuelong Jiao,
| | - Sujie Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Sujie Zhu, ; Weikaixin Kong, ; Xuelong Jiao,
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25
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Effect of Selected Micro- and Macroelements and Vitamins on the Genome Stability of Bovine Embryo Transfer Recipients following In Vitro Fertilization. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13061056. [PMID: 36978597 PMCID: PMC10044621 DOI: 10.3390/ani13061056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome instability can lead to a wide variety of diseases. Many endogenous and exogenous factors influence the level of damage to genetic material. Genome integrity depends on factors such as the fidelity of DNA replication, normal DNA organization in the chromosomes, and repair mechanisms. Genome stability influences fertility, embryonic development, and the maintenance of pregnancy. In the case of in vitro fertilization, it can be an important factor determining the success of the procedure. The aim of the study was to assess the stability of the genomes of recipient cows following in vitro fertilization using cytogenetic tests and to analyze the effects of selected vitamins and micro- and macroelements on genome integrity. Genome stability was analyzed using the sister chromatid exchange, fragile site, and comet assays. The material for analysis was peripheral blood from 20 Holstein-Friesian heifers that were embryo transfer recipients. The effect of selected micro- and macroelements and vitamins on the genome stability of the cows was analyzed. Folic acid was shown to significantly influence the level of damage identified using the SCE, FS, and SCGE assays, while iron affected SCE and SCGE results, and zinc affected FS.
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26
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Castellanos G, Valbuena DS, Pérez E, Villegas VE, Rondón-Lagos M. Chromosomal Instability as Enabling Feature and Central Hallmark of Breast Cancer. BREAST CANCER (DOVE MEDICAL PRESS) 2023; 15:189-211. [PMID: 36923397 PMCID: PMC10010144 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s383759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Chromosomal instability (CIN) has become a topic of great interest in recent years, not only for its implications in cancer diagnosis and prognosis but also for its role as an enabling feature and central hallmark of cancer. CIN describes cell-to-cell variation in the number or structure of chromosomes in a tumor population. Although extensive research in recent decades has identified some associations between CIN with response to therapy, specific associations with other hallmarks of cancer have not been fully evidenced. Such associations place CIN as an enabling feature of the other hallmarks of cancer and highlight the importance of deepening its knowledge to improve the outcome in cancer. In addition, studies conducted to date have shown paradoxical findings about the implications of CIN for therapeutic response, with some studies showing associations between high CIN and better therapeutic response, and others showing the opposite: associations between high CIN and therapeutic resistance. This evidences the complex relationships between CIN with the prognosis and response to treatment in cancer. Considering the above, this review focuses on recent studies on the role of CIN in cancer, the cellular mechanisms leading to CIN, its relationship with other hallmarks of cancer, and the emerging therapeutic approaches that are being developed to target such instability, with a primary focus on breast cancer. Further understanding of the complexity of CIN and its association with other hallmarks of cancer could provide a better understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in prognosis and response to treatment in cancer and potentially lead to new drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanny Castellanos
- Maestría en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia.,School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
| | - Duván Sebastián Valbuena
- School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
| | - Erika Pérez
- School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
| | - Victoria E Villegas
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Milena Rondón-Lagos
- School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
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Khairwa A, Kotru M, Dewan P, Narang S. Morphological markers of chromosomal instability in bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy of acute leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2022; 63:418-422. [PMID: 36258637 DOI: 10.1002/em.22513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The role of chromosomal instability (CI) in oncogenesis is very well described in solid tumours, but there are a lack of studies on haematology malignancy, especially with multiple morphological markers. The study aims to analyze seven morphological markers of CI- chromatin bridges (CB), multipolar mitosis (MPM), nuclear budding (NB), micronuclei (MN), nuclear heterogeneity (NH), laggards, chromatin strings (CS) in bone marrow aspirate (BMA) and biopsy of acute leukaemia (AL), and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). It is a retrospective cross-sectional analytical study where BMA and biopsy were reviewed for CI markers. We compared CI markers in five categories. CI markers were further correlated with clinical manifestations and outcomes of patients. The study included 54 samples of 37 patients. Overall, the median (IQR) of markers were as follows: MN 3.5 (1,7), NB 5 (1,18), MPM 1 (0,4), CB 1(0,2), Laggards 0 (0,1), and CS 2.5 (0,6). NH was noted in 65.4% of samples. All CI markers except laggards were significantly increased in B-ALL, AML, and MDS compared to other categories. Many CI markers were significantly raised with a few clinical features. The MN, MPM, Laggard, and NH markers were significantly increased in the dead patients compared to those who survived. The study, one of the first to analyze multiple CI markers, revealed that the CI markers were significantly increased in AL and MDS patients and significantly associated with clinical manifestations and outcomes. Morphology markers of CI are valuable and cost-effective in diagnostic strategy, type of malignancies, and assessing prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju Khairwa
- Department of Pathology, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Mrinalini Kotru
- Department of Pathology, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Pooja Dewan
- Department of Paediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Shiva Narang
- Department of Medicine, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
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28
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Ippolito MR, Santaguida S. Generation of aneuploid cells and assessment of their ability to survive in presence of chemotherapeutic agents. Methods Cell Biol 2022; 182:21-33. [PMID: 38359978 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2022.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aneuploidy is a condition in which cells have an abnormal number of chromosomes that is not a multiple of the haploid complement. It is known that aneuploidy has detrimental consequences on cell physiology, such as genome instability, metabolic and proteotoxic stress and decreased cellular fitness. Importantly, aneuploidy is a hallmark of tumors and it is associated with resistance to chemotherapeutic agents and poor clinical outcome. To shed light into how aneuploidy contributes to chemoresistance, we induced chromosome mis-segregation in human cancer cell lines, then treated them with several chemotherapeutic agents and evaluated the emergence of chemoresistance. By doing so, we found that elevation of chromosome mis-segregation promotes resistance to chemotherapeutic agents through the expansion of aneuploid karyotypes and subsequent selection of specific aneuploidies essential for cellular viability under those stressful conditions. Here, we describe a method to generate aneuploid cell populations and to evaluate their resistance to anti-cancer agents. This protocol has been already successfully employed and can be further utilized to accelerate the exploration of the role of aneuploidy in chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marica Rosaria Ippolito
- Department of Experimental Oncology at IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Santaguida
- Department of Experimental Oncology at IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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29
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Bühler M, Fahrländer J, Sauter A, Becker M, Wistorf E, Steinfath M, Stolz A. GPER1 links estrogens to centrosome amplification and chromosomal instability in human colon cells. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 6:6/1/e202201499. [PMID: 36384894 PMCID: PMC9670797 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the alternate G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) in colorectal cancer (CRC) development and progression is unclear, not least because of conflicting clinical and experimental evidence for pro- and anti-tumorigenic activities. Here, we show that low concentrations of the estrogenic GPER1 ligands, 17β-estradiol, bisphenol A, and diethylstilbestrol cause the generation of lagging chromosomes in normal colon and CRC cell lines, which manifest in whole chromosomal instability and aneuploidy. Mechanistically, (xeno)estrogens triggered centrosome amplification by inducing centriole overduplication that leads to transient multipolar mitotic spindles, chromosome alignment defects, and mitotic laggards. Remarkably, we could demonstrate a significant role of estrogen-activated GPER1 in centrosome amplification and increased karyotype variability. Indeed, both gene-specific knockdown and inhibition of GPER1 effectively restored normal centrosome numbers and karyotype stability in cells exposed to 17β-estradiol, bisphenol A, or diethylstilbestrol. Thus, our results reveal a novel link between estrogen-activated GPER1 and the induction of key CRC-prone lesions, supporting a pivotal role of the alternate estrogen receptor in colon neoplastic transformation and tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ailine Stolz
- Department of Experimental Toxicology and ZEBET, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R), Berlin, Germany
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Zhao W, Pei Q, Zhu Y, Zhan D, Mao G, Wang M, Qiu Y, Zuo K, Pei H, Sun LQ, Wen M, Tan R. The Association of R-Loop Binding Proteins Subtypes with CIN Implicates Therapeutic Strategies in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225607. [PMID: 36428700 PMCID: PMC9688457 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal instability (CIN) covers approximately 65 to 70% of colorectal cancer patients and plays an essential role in cancer progression. However, the molecular features and therapeutic strategies related to those patients are still controversial. R-loop binding proteins (RLBPs) exert significant roles in transcription and replication. Here, integrative colorectal cancer proteogenomic analysis identified two RLBPs subtypes correlated with distinct prognoses. Cluster I (CI), represented by high expression of RLBPs, was associated with the CIN phenotype. While Cluster II (CII) with the worst prognosis and low expression of RLBPs was composed of a high percentage of patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma or right-sided colon cancer. The molecular feature analysis revealed that the active RNA processing, ribosome synthesis, and aberrant DNA damage repair were shown in CI, a high inflammatory signaling pathway, and lymphocyte infiltration was enriched in CII. In addition, we revealed 42 tumor-associated RLBPs proteins. The CI with high expression of tumor-associated proteins was sensitive to drugs targeting genome integrity and EGFR in both cell and organoid models. Thus, our study unveils a significant molecular association of the CIN phenotype with RLBPs, and also provides a powerful resource for further functional exploration of RLBPs in cancer progression and therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Zhao
- General Surgery Department, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Xiangya Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Qian Pei
- General Surgery Department, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Xiangya Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yongwei Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Brain Tumor Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Dongdong Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Guo Mao
- Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Processing Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Xiangya Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yanfang Qiu
- Xiangya Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Ke Zuo
- Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Processing Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Haiping Pei
- General Surgery Department, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Xiangya Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Lun-Quan Sun
- Xiangya Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan International Science and Technology Collaboration Base of Precision Medicine for Cancer, Changsha 410008, China
- Center for Molecular Imaging of Central South University, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Ming Wen
- Xiangya Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan International Science and Technology Collaboration Base of Precision Medicine for Cancer, Changsha 410008, China
- Center for Molecular Imaging of Central South University, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Correspondence: (M.W.); (R.T.); Tel.: +86-731-84327212 (M.W.); +86-731-84327212 (R.T.)
| | - Rong Tan
- Xiangya Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan International Science and Technology Collaboration Base of Precision Medicine for Cancer, Changsha 410008, China
- Center for Molecular Imaging of Central South University, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Correspondence: (M.W.); (R.T.); Tel.: +86-731-84327212 (M.W.); +86-731-84327212 (R.T.)
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Hu Q, Liu Q, Zhao Y, Zhang L, Li L. SGOL2 is a novel prognostic marker and fosters disease progression via a MAD2-mediated pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomark Res 2022; 10:82. [PMCID: PMC9664666 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-022-00422-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Shugoshin-like protein 2 (SGOL2) is a centromeric protein that ensures the correct and orderly process of mitosis by protecting and maintaining centripetal adhesions during meiosis and mitosis. Here, we examined the potential role of SGOL2 in cancers, especially in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods One hundred ninety-nine normal adjacent tissues and 202 HCC samples were collected in this study. Human HCC cells (SK-HEP-1 and HEP-3B) were employed in the present study. Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, western blot, Co-Immunoprecipitation technique, and bioinformatic analysis were utilized to assess the role of SGOL2 in HCC development process. Results Overexpression of SGOL2 predicted an unfavorable prognosis in HCC by The Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA), which were further validated in our two independent cohorts. Next, 47 differentially expressed genes positively related to both SGOL2 and MAD2 were identified to be associated with the cell cycle. Subsequently, we demonstrated that SGOL2 downregulation suppressed the malignant activities of HCC in vitro and in vivo. Further investigation showed that SGOL2 promoted tumor proliferation by regulating MAD2-induced cell-cycle dysregulation, which could be reversed by the MAD2 inhibitor M2I-1. Consistently, MAD2 upregulation reversed the knockdown effects of SGOL2-shRNA in HCC. Moreover, we demonstrated that SGOL2 regulated MAD2 expression level by forming a SGOL2-MAD2 complex, which led to cell cycle dysreuglation of HCC cells. Conclusion SGOL2 acts as an oncogene in HCC cells by regulating MAD2 and then dysregulating the cell cycle, providing a potential therapeutic target in HCC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40364-022-00422-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Hu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 China
| | - Qiuhong Liu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 China
| | - Yalei Zhao
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 China
| | - Lingjian Zhang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 China
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Kaufmann TL, Petkovic M, Watkins TBK, Colliver EC, Laskina S, Thapa N, Minussi DC, Navin N, Swanton C, Van Loo P, Haase K, Tarabichi M, Schwarz RF. MEDICC2: whole-genome doubling aware copy-number phylogenies for cancer evolution. Genome Biol 2022; 23:241. [PMID: 36376909 PMCID: PMC9661799 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-022-02794-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aneuploidy, chromosomal instability, somatic copy-number alterations, and whole-genome doubling (WGD) play key roles in cancer evolution and provide information for the complex task of phylogenetic inference. We present MEDICC2, a method for inferring evolutionary trees and WGD using haplotype-specific somatic copy-number alterations from single-cell or bulk data. MEDICC2 eschews simplifications such as the infinite sites assumption, allowing multiple mutations and parallel evolution, and does not treat adjacent loci as independent, allowing overlapping copy-number events. Using simulations and multiple data types from 2780 tumors, we use MEDICC2 to demonstrate accurate inference of phylogenies, clonal and subclonal WGD, and ancestral copy-number states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom L Kaufmann
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, Technische Universität Berlin, Marchstr. 23, 10587, Berlin, Germany.
- BIFOLD, Berlin Institute for the Foundations of Learning and Data, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Marina Petkovic
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology, Humboldt University of Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, 10099, Berlin, Germany
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Sofya Laskina
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nisha Thapa
- UCL Medical School, University College London, London, UK
| | - Darlan C Minussi
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nicholas Navin
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Charles Swanton
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Department of Medical Oncology, University College London Hospitals, London, UK
| | - Peter Van Loo
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kerstin Haase
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maxime Tarabichi
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Roland F Schwarz
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.
- BIFOLD, Berlin Institute for the Foundations of Learning and Data, Berlin, Germany.
- Institute for Computational Cancer Biology, Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO) and Cancer Research Center Cologne Essen (CCCE), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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Zhu J, Kong W, Huang L, Wang S, Bi S, Wang Y, Shan P, Zhu S. MLSP: A Bioinformatics Tool for Predicting Molecular Subtypes and Prognosis in Patients with Breast Cancer. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:6412-6426. [DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Ayna Duran G, Benderli Cihan Y. Autophagy-related genes affect the survival of multiple myeloma patients depending on chromosomal abnormality. ASIAN BIOMED 2022; 16:249-264. [PMID: 37551318 PMCID: PMC10321186 DOI: 10.2478/abm-2022-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Targeting autophagy at gene level may be promising in multiple myeloma (MM) treatment depending on chromosomal abnormality (ABN) status. Objectives We aimed to investigate the role of ABN on survival of MM patients and to identify prognosis related autophagy-related genes (ARGs) for patients with or without ABN. Methods Gene intensity values of 222 ARG for 548 MM patients were obtained from the Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array (GPL570) platform containing 54,675 probes (GSE24080). A dataset containing data from 1576 MM patients with 1q21 amplification (GSE4204, GSE4452, GSE4581, and GSE2658) was used for validation. Survival analysis of the patients was analyzed using univariate and multivariate Cox regression method with the help of R3.53 programming language and Kaplan-Meier graphics were created. The Gene Ontology enRIchmentanaLysis and visuaLizAtion (GOrilla) tool was used to define the related biological processes and pathways. Results The overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) in all MM patients were strongly influenced by ABN. In the group of patients with ABN, 41 ARGs were found to be important in prognosis, whereas in the group of patients without ABN, 13 ARGs were found to be important in prognosis. CDKN1A, FKBP1B, FOXO3, and NCKAP1 ARGs were commonly significant in both groups and found to be survival triggering. Conclusions The classification of MM patients according to the absence or presence of ABN is important in the determination of survival status. Detection of survival related ARGs in patients with chromosomal anomalies may be a new therapeutic target in treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Ayna Duran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Izmir University of Economics, Balçova, İzmir35330, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Benderli Cihan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kayseri City Education and Research Hospital, Kocasinan, Kayseri38080, Turkey
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Genetic and microenvironmental intra-tumor heterogeneity impacts colorectal cancer evolution and metastatic development. Commun Biol 2022; 5:937. [PMID: 36085309 PMCID: PMC9463147 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03884-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly diverse disease, where different genomic instability pathways shape genetic clonal diversity and tumor microenvironment. Although intra-tumor heterogeneity has been characterized in primary tumors, its origin and consequences in CRC outcome is not fully understood. Therefore, we assessed intra- and inter-tumor heterogeneity of a prospective cohort of 136 CRC samples. We demonstrate that CRC diversity is forged by asynchronous forms of molecular alterations, where mutational and chromosomal instability collectively boost CRC genetic and microenvironment intra-tumor heterogeneity. We were able to depict predictor signatures of cancer-related genes that can foresee heterogeneity levels across the different tumor consensus molecular subtypes (CMS) and primary tumor location. Finally, we show that high genetic and microenvironment heterogeneity are associated with lower metastatic potential, whereas late-emerging copy number variations favor metastasis development and polyclonal seeding. This study provides an exhaustive portrait of the interplay between genetic and microenvironment intra-tumor heterogeneity across CMS subtypes, depicting molecular events with predictive value of CRC progression and metastasis development.
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Richardson TE, Walker JM, Abdullah KG, McBrayer SK, Viapiano MS, Mussa ZM, Tsankova NM, Snuderl M, Hatanpaa KJ. Chromosomal instability in adult-type diffuse gliomas. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2022; 10:115. [PMID: 35978439 PMCID: PMC9386991 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-022-01420-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a fundamental property of cancer and a key underlying mechanism of tumorigenesis and malignant progression, and has been documented in a wide variety of cancers, including colorectal carcinoma with mutations in genes such as APC. Recent reports have demonstrated that CIN, driven in part by mutations in genes maintaining overall genomic stability, is found in subsets of adult-type diffusely infiltrating gliomas of all histologic and molecular grades, with resulting elevated overall copy number burden, chromothripsis, and poor clinical outcome. Still, relatively few studies have examined the effect of this process, due in part to the difficulty of routinely measuring CIN clinically. Herein, we review the underlying mechanisms of CIN, the relationship between chromosomal instability and malignancy, the prognostic significance and treatment potential in various cancers, systemic disease, and more specifically, in diffusely infiltrating glioma subtypes. While still in the early stages of discovery compared to other solid tumor types in which CIN is a known driver of malignancy, the presence of CIN as an early factor in gliomas may in part explain the ability of these tumors to develop resistance to standard therapy, while also providing a potential molecular target for future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy E. Richardson
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Annenberg Building, 15th Floor, 1468 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Jamie M. Walker
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Annenberg Building, 15th Floor, 1468 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Kalil G. Abdullah
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
- Hillman Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 5115 Centre Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15232 USA
| | - Samuel K. McBrayer
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Mariano S. Viapiano
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA
| | - Zarmeen M. Mussa
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Annenberg Building, 15th Floor, 1468 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Nadejda M. Tsankova
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Annenberg Building, 15th Floor, 1468 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Matija Snuderl
- Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Health, New York City, NY 10016 USA
| | - Kimmo J. Hatanpaa
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
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Flashner S, Swift M, Sowash A, Fahmy AN, Azizkhan-Clifford J. Transcription factor Sp1 regulates mitotic chromosome assembly and segregation. Chromosoma 2022; 131:175-191. [PMID: 35916925 PMCID: PMC9470683 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-022-00778-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aneuploidy is a pervasive feature of cancer cells that results from chromosome missegregation. Several transcription factors have been associated with aneuploidy; however, no studies to date have demonstrated that mammalian transcription factors directly regulate chromosome segregation during mitosis. Here, we demonstrate that the ubiquitously expressed transcription factor specificity protein 1 (Sp1), which we have previously linked to aneuploidy, has a mitosis-specific role regulating chromosome segregation. We find that Sp1 localizes to mitotic centromeres and auxin-induced rapid Sp1 degradation at mitotic onset results in chromosome segregation errors and aberrant mitotic progression. Furthermore, rapid Sp1 degradation results in anomalous mitotic chromosome assembly characterized by loss of condensin complex I localization to mitotic chromosomes and chromosome condensation defects. Consistent with these defects, Sp1 degradation results in reduced chromosome passenger complex activity and histone H3 serine 10 phosphorylation during mitosis, which is essential for condensin complex I recruitment and chromosome condensation. Together, these data provide the first evidence of a mammalian transcription factor acting specifically during mitosis to regulate chromosome segregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Flashner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 N 15th Street, MS 497, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
| | - Michelle Swift
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 N 15th Street, MS 497, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
| | - Aislinn Sowash
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 N 15th Street, MS 497, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
| | - Alexander N Fahmy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 N 15th Street, MS 497, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
| | - Jane Azizkhan-Clifford
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 N 15th Street, MS 497, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA.
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Jiang MP, Huang X, Yin YM, Tang JH. The pathological and clinical landscape of refractory metastatic triple negative breast cancer: a narrative review. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:907. [PMID: 36111045 PMCID: PMC9469164 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-3434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) refers to a special subtype of breast cancer that is negative for the estrogen receptor, the progesterone receptors, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. As a group of diseases, it has strong heterogeneity. Refractory metastatic triple negative breast cancer (mTNBC) has even greater heterogeneity, more susceptibility to drug resistance, and faster progression, which makes it more difficult to treat effectively and significantly reduces a patient's overall survival. Therefore, in order to overcome this difficulty in clinical practice, we need to deeply understand the special subgroup by analyzing definition and prognostic factors of refractory mTNBC and describing the therapeutic status and future treatment directions. Methods Recent domestic and foreign guidelines, as well as clinical studies related to refractory mTNBC on PubMed and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases were retrospectively analyzed. The six keywords we selected were used for literature search. Two authors performed database searches independently, and disagreements over the results were mediated by a third reviewer. Key Content and Findings According to the guidelines, refractory mTNBC has not been clearly defined. Related studies indicated that tumor heterogeneity may be one of the main mechanisms of early relapse or drug resistance in refractory mTNBC. The clinical treatment options for refractory mTNBC are very limited. Although chemotherapy is the standard treatment, it is limited by poor efficacy and intolerance in the clinical stage. Therefore, in recent years, many studies have explored novel treatment options. Both immunotherapy and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have been selected as first-line treatment in clinical studies, but gained limited benefits. Indeed, clinical studies have shown good efficacy with novel ADCs, which may be promising in the clinical treatment of refractory mTNBC. Conclusions Currently, improving the survival time and quality of life of refractory mTNBC are major challenges for clinicians. Novel therapies including immunosuppressive agents, PARP inhibitors, and ADCs rather than chemotherapy alone have achieved good results in the exploration of first-line treatment for refractory TNBC patients, but this warrants further research and investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ping Jiang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The First Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Huang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong-Mei Yin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Hai Tang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Comprehensive Analysis on the Specific Role and Function of Mitochondrial Inner Membrane Protein MPV17 in Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Genet Res (Camb) 2022; 2022:7236823. [PMID: 35919033 PMCID: PMC9325347 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7236823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) is the predominant type of liver cancer, and its treatment still faces great challenges presently. Mitochondrial inner membrane protein MPV17 is reported to be involved in multiple biological activities of cancers. Here, we seek to investigate the specific role and functions of MPV17 in LIHC progression. Methods Firstly, MPV17 expressions in various tumors and corresponding normal samples and LIHC groups with various clinical features were analyzed, respectively. Next, the relationship between MPV17 expression and LIHC survival was analyzed and verified by AUC curves. Besides, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for LIHC were screened from TCGA and then analyzed by GO and KEGG. Then, MPV17 was analyzed by prognostic model, Cox analysis, predictive nomogram, pathway correlation, and immunoassay. Finally, the functions of MPV17 were determined by CCK-8 and Tranwell assays. Results In most tumors, MPV17 expression was higher than that in the normal group, and it was related to LIHC clinical features. In the LIHC survival analysis, highly expressed MPV17 was associated with a poor prognosis. Besides, 314 upregulated and 193 downregulated DEGs are mainly involved in the TNF signaling pathway and tyrosine metabolism. Through prognostic model, Cox analysis, and predictive nomogram, MPV17 had the prognostic value for LIHC. Gene-pathway correlation analysis showed that MPV17 had the strongest correlation with the G2M_checkpoint pathway. In an immunoassay, MPV17 had a strong correlation with many immune cells. Functional assays showed that MPV17 reduction in LIHC cells could inhibit cell invasion, migration, and proliferation. Conclusion MPV17, as a tumor promoter, could be a new biomarker for LIHC diagnosis and prognosis and probably shed new light on the exploration of LIHC therapies.
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Hamdan A, Ewing A. Unravelling the tumour genome: The evolutionary and clinical impacts of structural variants in tumourigenesis. J Pathol 2022; 257:479-493. [PMID: 35355264 PMCID: PMC9321913 DOI: 10.1002/path.5901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Structural variants (SVs) represent a major source of aberration in tumour genomes. Given the diversity in the size and type of SVs present in tumours, the accurate detection and interpretation of SVs in tumours is challenging. New classes of complex structural events in tumours are discovered frequently, and the definitions of the genomic consequences of complex events are constantly being refined. Detailed analyses of short-read whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data from large tumour cohorts facilitate the interrogation of SVs at orders of magnitude greater scale and depth. However, the inherent technical limitations of short-read WGS prevent us from accurately detecting and investigating the impact of all the SVs present in tumours. The expanded use of long-read WGS will be critical for improving the accuracy of SV detection, and in fully resolving complex SV events, both of which are crucial for determining the impact of SVs on tumour progression and clinical outcome. Despite the present limitations, we demonstrate that SVs play an important role in tumourigenesis. In particular, SVs contribute significantly to late-stage tumour development and to intratumoural heterogeneity. The evolutionary trajectories of SVs represent a window into the clonal dynamics in tumours, a comprehensive understanding of which will be vital for influencing patient outcomes in the future. Recent findings have highlighted many clinical applications of SVs in cancer, from early detection to biomarkers for treatment response and prognosis. As the methods to detect and interpret SVs improve, elucidating the full breadth of the complex SV landscape and determining how these events modulate tumour evolution will improve our understanding of cancer biology and our ability to capitalise on the utility of SVs in the clinical management of cancer patients. © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alhafidz Hamdan
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Ailith Ewing
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and CancerUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
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Iemura K, Anzawa H, Funayama R, Iwakami R, Nakayama K, Kinoshita K, Tanaka K. High levels of chromosomal instability facilitate the tumor growth and sphere formation. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:2727-2737. [PMID: 35662350 PMCID: PMC9357619 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Most cancer cells show chromosomal instability (CIN), a condition in which chromosome missegregation occurs at high rates. Growing evidence suggests that CIN is not just a consequence of, but a driving force for, oncogenic transformation, although the relationship between CIN and tumorigenesis has not been fully elucidated. Here we found that conventional two‐dimensional (2D) culture of HeLa cells, a cervical cancer‐derived cell line, was a heterogenous population containing cells with different CIN levels. Although cells with high‐CIN levels (high‐CIN cells) grew more slowly compared with cells with low‐CIN levels (low‐CIN cells) in 2D monolayer culture, they formed tumors in nude mice and larger spheres in three‐dimensional (3D) culture, which was more representative of the in vivo environment. The duration of mitosis was longer in high‐CIN cells, reflecting their higher mitotic defects. Single‐cell genome sequencing revealed that high‐CIN cells exhibited a higher karyotype heterogeneity compared with low‐CIN cells. Intriguingly, the karyotype heterogeneity was reduced in the spheres formed by high‐CIN cells, suggesting that cells with growth advantages were selected, although genomic copy number changes specific for spheres were not identified. When we examined gene expression profiles, genes related to the K‐ras signaling were upregulated, while those related to the unfolded protein response were downregulated in high‐CIN cells in 3D culture compared with 2D culture, suggesting the relevance of these genes for their survival. Our data suggested that, although CIN is disadvantageous in monolayer culture, it promotes the selection of cells with growth advantages under in vivo environments, which may lead to tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Iemura
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer Tohoku University Sendai, Miyagi 980‐8575 Japan
| | - Hayato Anzawa
- Department of Applied Information Sciences, Graduate School of Information Sciences Tohoku University Sendai, Miyagi 980‐8579 Japan
| | - Ryo Funayama
- Department of Cell Proliferation, ART, Graduate School of Medicine Tohoku University Sendai, Miyagi 980‐8575 Japan
| | - Runa Iwakami
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer Tohoku University Sendai, Miyagi 980‐8575 Japan
| | - Keiko Nakayama
- Department of Cell Proliferation, ART, Graduate School of Medicine Tohoku University Sendai, Miyagi 980‐8575 Japan
| | - Kengo Kinoshita
- Department of Applied Information Sciences, Graduate School of Information Sciences Tohoku University Sendai, Miyagi 980‐8579 Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization Tohoku University Sendai, Miyagi 980‐8573 Japan
- Advanced Research Center for Innovations in Next‐Generation Medicine Tohoku University Sendai, Miyagi 980‐8573 Japan
| | - Kozo Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer Tohoku University Sendai, Miyagi 980‐8575 Japan
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Cancer evolution: special focus on the immune aspect of cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:420-435. [PMID: 35589072 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is an evolutionary disease. Intra-tumor heterogeneity (ITH), which describes the diversity within individual tumors, sets the foundation for evolution. The fitness of tumor cells is determined by their microenvironment, which exerts intense selection pressure that generally favors cells with survival and proliferation advantages. It has been revealed that host immunity dramatically influences the evolutionary trajectory of cancer. As technologies advance, a refined map of the immune system's involvement in cancer evolution has gradually come to our knowledge. Here we specifically view cancer through the lens of evolutionary immunological biology. We will cover the neoplastic evolution under immunosurveillance, including how the host immunity shapes the tumor evolutionary trajectory and how progressive tumors modulate the host immunity to survive. A comprehensive understanding of the interplay between cancer evolution and cancer immunity provides clues to combating cancer strategically.
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Validation of a Novel Three-Dimensional (3D Fusion) Gross Sampling Protocol for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma to Overcome Intratumoral Heterogeneity: The Meet-Uro 18 Study. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12050727. [PMID: 35629151 PMCID: PMC9147893 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12050727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to overcome intratumoral heterogeneity in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (clearRCC). One hundred cases of clearRCC were sampled. First, usual standard sampling was applied (1 block/cm of tumor); second, the whole tumor was sampled, and 0.6 mm cores were taken from each block to construct a tissue microarray; third, the residual tissue, mapped by taking pieces 0.5 × 0.5 cm, reconstructed the entire tumor mass. Precisely, six randomly derived pieces of tissues were placed in each cassette, with the number of cassettes being based on the diameter of the tumor (called multisite 3D fusion). Angiogenic and immune markers were tested. Routine 5231 tissue blocks were obtained. Multisite 3D fusion sections showed pattern A, homogeneous high vascular density (10%), pattern B, homogeneous low vascular density (8%) and pattern C, heterogeneous angiogenic signatures (82%). PD-L1 expression was seen as diffuse (7%), low (33%) and absent (60%). Tumor-infiltrating CD8 scored high in 25% (pattern hot), low in 65% (pattern weak) and zero in 10% of cases (pattern desert). Grading was upgraded in 26% of cases (G3–G4), necrosis and sarcomatoid/rhabdoid characters were observed in, respectively, 11 and 7% of cases after 3D fusion (p = 0.03). CD8 and PD-L1 immune expressions were higher in the undifferentiated G4/rhabdoid/sarcomatoid clearRCC subtypes (p = 0.03). Again, 22% of cases were set to intermediate to high risk of clinical recurrence due to new morphological findings of all aggressive G4, sarcomatoid/rhabdoid features by using 3D fusion compared to standard methods (p = 0.04). In conclusion, we propose an easy-to-apply multisite 3D fusion sampling that negates bias due to tumor heterogeneity.
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Rogiers A, Lobon I, Spain L, Turajlic S. The Genetic Evolution of Metastasis. Cancer Res 2022; 82:1849-1857. [PMID: 35476646 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-3863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is an evolutionary process that is characterized by the emergence of multiple genetically distinct populations or clones within the primary tumor. Intratumor heterogeneity provides a substrate for the selection of adaptive clones, such as those that lead to metastasis. Comparative molecular studies of primary tumors and metastases have identified distinct genomic features associated with the development of metastases. In this review, we discuss how these insights could inform clinical decision-making and uncover rational antimetastasis treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aljosja Rogiers
- Cancer Dynamics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.,Renal and Skin Units, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Irene Lobon
- Cancer Dynamics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lavinia Spain
- Cancer Dynamics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.,Medical Oncology Department, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Medical Oncology Department, Eastern Health, Melbourne Australia.,Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill, Australia
| | - Samra Turajlic
- Cancer Dynamics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.,Renal and Skin Units, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Melanoma and Kidney Cancer Team, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
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Kaur H, Handa U, Kundu R, Bhagat R, Dalal U. Correlation of Morphological Features of Chromosomal Instability and Flow Cytometric DNA Ploidy Analysis in Aspirates of Breast Carcinoma. Acta Cytol 2022; 66:389-395. [PMID: 35462374 DOI: 10.1159/000524053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Morphological indicators of chromosomal instability (CI), including multipolar mitoses, chromatin bridges (CB), strings, nuclear buds (NB), micronuclei (MN), and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) ploidy analysis help in prognostication of breast carcinoma. The present study was done to evaluate CI in breast carcinoma and correlate with DNA ploidy and tumor grade. STUDY DESIGN Fifty cases of carcinoma breast diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration cytology were included. Robinson's grading method was used on smears to grade breast carcinoma. To assess the morphological features of CI, the best May-Grünwald Giemsa stained smear was chosen. At least 1,000 epithelial cells on oil immersion magnification (×100 objective) were counted. DNA ploidy on the aspirates was done by flow cytometry. RESULTS All the patients were female, diagnosed as infiltrating ductal carcinoma on cytology. Eight tumors were grade I, 32 were grade II, and 10 were grade III. MN was seen in 48 cases, NB in 45, and CB in 12 cases. Mean MN, NB, and CB scores in aneuploid (24) cases were 9.96 ± 8.42, 5.29 ± 4.71, and 1.08 ± 1.84 while 6.19 ± 6.67, 1.92 ± 1.79, and 0.11 ± 0.33 were seen in diploid (26) cases. Statistically significant positive correlation was observed between CI and DNA ploidy. CONCLUSIONS Morphological evaluation of CI by light microscopy on routinely stained breast aspirates is feasible, although a meticulous search is required. Cytomorphological features of CI and ploidy have a positive correlation with increasing tumor grade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harmeet Kaur
- Department of Pathology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - Uma Handa
- Department of Pathology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - Reetu Kundu
- Department of Cytology & Gynecological Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ranjeev Bhagat
- Department of Pathology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - Usha Dalal
- Department of General Surgery, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
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Iyer DN, Foo DCC, Lo OSH, Wan TMH, Li X, Sin RWY, Pang RWC, Law WL, Ng L. MiR-509-3p is oncogenic, targets the tumor suppressor PHLPP2, and functions as a novel tumor adjacent normal tissue based prognostic biomarker in colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:351. [PMID: 35361144 PMCID: PMC8969217 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-09075-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently the role of microRNAs has been explored immensely as novel regulators and potential biomarkers in several cancers. MiR-509-3p is one such miRNA that has been observed to show a mixed expression in different cancers, while it’s expression and clinical relevance in colorectal cancer (CRC) has not yet been characterized. Methods We used quantitative PCR to evaluate the expression of miR-509-3p in fresh-frozen CRC tumor tissues and the corresponding tumor-adjacent normal (NAT) tissues from 103 patients. Subsequently, functional studies were performed to further interpret the role of the miRNA in CRC. Results MiR-509-3p was found to be overexpressed in CRC tissues in nearly 80% of cases and was associated with an aggressive disease presentation. Notably, a higher expression of the miRNA promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells in in vitro and in vivo models. Mechanistically, we confirmed that miR-509-3p directly binds the 3’UTR of the tumor suppressor PHLPP2 and inhibits its expression. Furthermore, within the previous 103 clinical tissue specimens, we observed an overexpression of miR-509-3p within the NAT tissue of patients associated with a poor disease prognosis. Using multivariate analysis, it was observed that the expression of miR-509-3p within the NAT tissue was an independent predictor of prognosis in CRC. At the cellular level, through indirect coculture experiments, miR-509-3p was observed to regulate the proliferative, migratory, and invasive behavior of normal colon cells. Conclusion MiR-509-3p strongly contributes to the development and progression of CRC and can potentially function as a prognostic biomarker in the disease. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-09075-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Narayanan Iyer
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dominic Chi-Chung Foo
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Oswens Siu-Hung Lo
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Timothy Ming-Hun Wan
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ryan Wai-Yan Sin
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Roberta Wen-Chi Pang
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wai-Lun Law
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lui Ng
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Zhang X, Kschischo M. Distinct and Common Features of Numerical and Structural Chromosomal Instability across Different Cancer Types. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1424. [PMID: 35326573 PMCID: PMC8946057 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A large proportion of tumours is characterised by numerical or structural chromosomal instability (CIN), defined as an increased rate of gaining or losing whole chromosomes (W-CIN) or of accumulating structural aberrations (S-CIN). Both W-CIN and S-CIN are associated with tumourigenesis, cancer progression, treatment resistance and clinical outcome. Although W-CIN and S-CIN can co-occur, they are initiated by different molecular events. By analysing tumour genomic data from 33 cancer types, we show that the majority of tumours with high levels of W-CIN underwent whole genome doubling, whereas S-CIN levels are strongly associated with homologous recombination deficiency. Both CIN phenotypes are prognostic in several cancer types. Most drugs are less efficient in high-CIN cell lines, but we also report compounds and drugs which should be investigated as targets for W-CIN or S-CIN. By analysing associations between CIN and bio-molecular entities with pathway and gene expression levels, we complement gene signatures of CIN and report that the drug resistance gene CKS1B is strongly associated with S-CIN. Finally, we propose a potential copy number-dependent mechanism to activate the PI3K pathway in high-S-CIN tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Zhang
- Department of Mathematics and Technology, University of Applied Sciences Koblenz, 53424 Remagen, Germany;
- Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Maik Kschischo
- Department of Mathematics and Technology, University of Applied Sciences Koblenz, 53424 Remagen, Germany;
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Papel de la activación adicional del gen RA en el desarrollo del fenotipo resistente a la castración en el cáncer de próstata. Actas Urol Esp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acuro.2020.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Romão P, Souza ÍDC, Silva I, Guimarães VR, Camargo JAD, Dos Santos GA, Viana NI, Srougi M, Leite KRM, Reis ST, Pimenta R. Additional activation of the AR gene may be involved in the development of the castration resistance phenotype in prostate cancer. Actas Urol Esp 2022; 46:78-84. [PMID: 35123885 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuroe.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several studies have already shown that changes in the AR gene may be associated with a more aggressive disease phenotype and even castration-resistant prostate cancer. Thus, we investigated cytogenetic and molecular alterations linked to AR. MATERIALS AND METHODS To evaluate AR methylation, we performed a cytogenetic-molecular analysis using fluorescence in situ hybridization that uses specific probes for the AR gene (Xq11.12) and the X chromosome centromere. For AR activity, we performed a qualitative analysis of human androgen receptor activity. To analyze the expression of AR in PC3 and LNCaP cell lines, we used qPCR assays. RESULTS In the qPCR assay, we found downregulation of AR in the PC3 cell line compared with the LNCaP. We found the presence of X chromosome polysomy in PC-3 and LNCaP cell lines by FISH assay. In the HUMARA-Q assay, we found two X chromosomes/cell and the activity of both AR in the PC-3 cell line. In LNCaP cells, we found two X chromosomes/cell and methylation of only one AR. CONCLUSION Castration-resistant prostate cancer phenotype represents a significant challenge in the setting of urological management. The X chromosomes and AR-linked alterations may contribute to a better understanding of the disease. However, further studies should be performed in an attempt to elucidate as much as possible the role of AR in the castration-resistant prostate cancer phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Romão
- University of Sao Paulo City, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Medical Investigation Laboratory (LIM55), Urology Department, University of Sao Paulo Medical School (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - I Silva
- Medical Investigation Laboratory (LIM55), Urology Department, University of Sao Paulo Medical School (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - V R Guimarães
- Medical Investigation Laboratory (LIM55), Urology Department, University of Sao Paulo Medical School (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - J Alves de Camargo
- Medical Investigation Laboratory (LIM55), Urology Department, University of Sao Paulo Medical School (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - G A Dos Santos
- Medical Investigation Laboratory (LIM55), Urology Department, University of Sao Paulo Medical School (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, Brazil; D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - N I Viana
- Medical Investigation Laboratory (LIM55), Urology Department, University of Sao Paulo Medical School (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M Srougi
- Medical Investigation Laboratory (LIM55), Urology Department, University of Sao Paulo Medical School (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, Brazil; D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - K R Moreira Leite
- Medical Investigation Laboratory (LIM55), Urology Department, University of Sao Paulo Medical School (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, Brazil; Genoa Biotechonology, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - S T Reis
- Medical Investigation Laboratory (LIM55), Urology Department, University of Sao Paulo Medical School (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - R Pimenta
- Medical Investigation Laboratory (LIM55), Urology Department, University of Sao Paulo Medical School (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, Brazil; D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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TRIP13, identified as a hub gene of tumor progression, is the target of microRNA-4693-5p and a potential therapeutic target for colorectal cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:35. [PMID: 35075117 PMCID: PMC8786872 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00824-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the digestive tract malignancies whose early symptoms are not obvious. This study aimed to identify novel targets for CRC therapy, especially early-stage CRC, by reanalyzing the publicly available GEO and TCGA databases. Thyroid hormone receptor interactor 13 (TRIP13) correlated with tumor progression and prognosis of patients after several rounds of analysis, including weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA), and further chosen for experimental validation in cancer cell lines and patient samples. We identified that mRNA and protein levels of TRIP13 increased in CRC cells and tumor tissues with tumor progression. miR-4693-5p was significantly downregulated in CRC tumor tissues and bound to the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of TRIP13, downregulating TRIP13 expression. DCZ0415, a small molecule inhibitor targeting TRIP13, induced anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo. DCZ0415 markedly suppressed CRC cell proliferation, migration, and tumor growth, promoted cell apoptosis, and resulted in the arrest of the cell cycle. Our research suggests that TRIP13 might play a crucial role in CRC progression and could be a potential target for CRC therapy.
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