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Ravi M, Karthikeyan PD, Tewari N, Morankar R, Gupta AK, Nehta H, Raghuthaman S. Dentofacial manifestations in a child with Jalili syndrome. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2024; 44:1026-1035. [PMID: 38151709 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Jalili syndrome (JS) (MIM#217080) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder with oculo-dental malformations. The clinical phenotype is characterized by the presence of Cone-Rod Dystrophy (CRD) and Amelogenesis Imperfecta (AI). Genetic mechanism entails a mutation in the CNNM4, a metal transporter gene located on Chromosome 2q11.2. A high fluoride concentration in groundwater has also been identified as an epigenetic factor in this syndrome. JS draws the attention of dentists due to its distinct oral manifestations. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first genetically confirmed pediatric case report from the Indian subcontinent emphasizing the clinical and radiographic features of this condition and its management in a 6-year-old child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mugilan Ravi
- Division of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Pavithra Devi Karthikeyan
- Division of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nitesh Tewari
- Division of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rahul Morankar
- Division of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Amit Kumar Gupta
- Department of Pediatrics (Genetics), ABVIMS DR RML Hopsital, BKS Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Hemlata Nehta
- Division of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sruthila Raghuthaman
- Division of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Broutin A, K Bidi-Lebihan A, Canceill T, Vaysse F, Bloch-Zupan A, Bailleul-Forestier I, Noirrit-Esclassan E. Association between malocclusions and amelogenesis imperfecta genotype and phenotype: A systematic review. Int Orthod 2023; 21:100789. [PMID: 37494776 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2023.100789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this systematic review (Prospero CRD42022323188) is to investigate whether an association exists in patients with amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) between occlusal characteristics and genotype on the one hand and enamel structural phenotype on the other. MATERIAL AND METHODS Reports up to May 2023 assessing occlusion of individuals with AI were browsed in a systematic search using Medline, Embase, ISI Web of Science, and the grey literature. Randomised control trials, case control studies, and case series specifying both occlusion, assessed by cephalometric or clinical analysis, and genotype or dental phenotype in patients with AI were included without any age limitation. Two authors independently selected the publications and extracted the data in accordance with the PRISMA statement. The risk of bias was assessed with the Critical Appraisal Checklists from the Johanna Briggs Institute. RESULTS Twenty-five articles were chosen from the 261 results. Most of the included publications were case series (n=22) and case control studies (n=3). Thirteen studies reported both a genotype (ENAM, FAM83H, FAM20A, DLX3, CNMM4, WDR72) and occlusal diagnostic. The methodological quality of the studies was moderate. All AI phenotypes showed an open bite (OB) rate around 35%, except mixed form. The other malocclusions were not often mentioned. No correlation between occlusal phenotype and genotype or AI phenotype could be identified in patients with AI, as most studies had short occlusal descriptions and small sample sizes. CONCLUSION OB malocclusions were more frequently reported in AI. This review highlighted the need for a more accurate description of orofacial features associated with AI, to better clarify the role of amelogenesis genes in the regulation of craniofacial morphogenesis and identify patients requiring orthognathic surgery at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Broutin
- Paediatric Dentistry Unit, CHU de Toulouse, University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France; Team IDEA: identification, environments et anthropometry, UMR 5288, CAGT - Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse. University Paul-Sabatier Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Angélique K Bidi-Lebihan
- Team IDEA: identification, environments et anthropometry, UMR 5288, CAGT - Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse. University Paul-Sabatier Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Thibault Canceill
- Inserm, In COMM (Intestine ClinicOmics Microbiota & Metabolism), UMR 1297, Toulouse, France
| | - Frédéric Vaysse
- Paediatric Dentistry Unit, CHU de Toulouse, University Toulouse III, Toulouse, France; Team IDEA: identification, environments et anthropometry, UMR 5288, CAGT - Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse. University Paul-Sabatier Toulouse III, Toulouse, France; Competence Centre of Oral Diseases, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Agnès Bloch-Zupan
- Reference Centre of Oral Diseases, CHU de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Inserm U964, institut de génétique et de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IGBMC), UMR7104 CNRS-ULP, Strasbourg, France
| | - Isabelle Bailleul-Forestier
- Team IDEA: identification, environments et anthropometry, UMR 5288, CAGT - Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse. University Paul-Sabatier Toulouse III, Toulouse, France; Competence Centre of Oral Diseases, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Emmanuelle Noirrit-Esclassan
- Team IDEA: identification, environments et anthropometry, UMR 5288, CAGT - Centre for Anthropobiology and Genomics of Toulouse. University Paul-Sabatier Toulouse III, Toulouse, France; Competence Centre of Oral Diseases, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Inserm, UMR1297 I2MC, Toulouse, France.
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Li H, Huang Y, Li J, Xie M. Novel homozygous nonsynonymous variant of CNNM4 gene in a Chinese family with Jalili syndrome. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2022; 10:e1860. [PMID: 35150469 PMCID: PMC8922947 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Jalili syndrome (JS) is a rare autosomal‐recessive inherited disorder characterized by cone‐rod dystrophy and amelogenesis imperfecta. It is often misdiagnosed in clinical practice due to its heterogeneity and rarity. Methods Two JS patients from a consanguineous family were included in this study. Detailed ophthalmic examinations were performed. Oral photography was taken. The DNA sample of the proband was sequenced using the customized capture panel, which includes 338 retinal disease genes. Sanger sequencing was performed for validation and segregation. Results The patients had poor vision, photophobia, and nystagmus from childhood. Fundus examination revealed diffused chorioretinal atrophy with a prominent macular coloboma. OCT showed a deep staphyloma, severely reduced retinal thickness, retinoschisis, loss of photoreceptor layer, and retinal pigment epithelium in the macular region. Amelogenesis imperfecta, dental decay, staining, irregular shapes, and loss of teeth were present. Next‐generation sequencing combined with Sanger validation identified a novel homozygous nonsynonymous variant c.598T>C (p.S200P) in CNNM4 gene (NM_020184.3). Conclusions We described the clinical features of a Chinese family with JS and identified a novel disease‐causing mutation. Our findings broadened the phenotypes and mutation spectrums of JS in Chinese population, as well as are helpful in the diagnosis of this rare disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajin Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanfeng Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Maosong Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Prasov L, Ullah E, Turriff AE, Warner BM, Conley J, Mark PR, Hufnagel RB, Huryn LA. Expanding the genotypic spectrum of Jalili syndrome: Novel CNNM4 variants and uniparental isodisomy in a north American patient cohort. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 182:493-497. [PMID: 32022389 PMCID: PMC8041260 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Jalili syndrome is a rare multisystem disorder with the most prominent features consisting of cone-rod dystrophy and amelogenesis imperfecta. Few cases have been reported in the Americas. Here we describe a case series of patients with Jalili syndrome examined at the National Eye Institute’s Ophthalmic Genetics clinic between 2016 and 2018. Three unrelated sporadic cases were systematically evaluated for ocular phenotype and determined to have cone-rod dystrophy with bull’s eye maculopathy, photophobia, and nystagmus. All patients had amelogenesis imperfecta. Two of these patients had Guatemalan ancestry and the same novel homozygous CNNM4 variant (p.Arg236Trp c.706C > T) without evidence of consanguinity. This variant met likely pathogenic criteria by the American College of Medical Genetics guidelines. An additional patient had a homozygous deleterious variant in CNNM4 (c.279delC p.Phe93Leufs*31), which resulted from paternal uniparental isodisomy for chromosome 2p22–2q37. This individual had additional syndromic features including developmental delay and spastic diplegia, likely related to mutations at other loci. Our work highlights the genotypic variability of Jalili syndrome and expands the genotypic spectrum of this condition by describing the first series of patients seen in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lev Prasov
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Ehsan Ullah
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Amy E Turriff
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Blake M Warner
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Julie Conley
- Section of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Paul R Mark
- Spectrum Health Division of Medical Genetics, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Robert B Hufnagel
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Laryssa A Huryn
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Daneshmandpour Y, Darvish H, Pashazadeh F, Emamalizadeh B. Features, genetics and their correlation in Jalili syndrome: a systematic review. J Med Genet 2019; 56:358-369. [DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2018-105716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Jalili syndrome is a rare genetic disorder first identified by Jalili in Gaza. Amelogenesis imperfecta and cone-rode dystrophy are simultaneously seen in Jalili syndrome patients as the main and primary manifestations. Molecular analysis has revealed that theCNNM4gene is responsible for this rare syndrome. Jalili syndrome has been observed in many countries around the world, especially in the Middle East and North Africa. In the current scoping systematic review we searched electronic databases to find studies related to Jalili syndrome. In this review we summarise the reported clinical symptoms,CNNM4gene and protein structure,CNNM4mutations, attempts to reach a genotype-phenotype correlation, the functional role ofCNNM4mutations, and epidemiological aspects of Jalili syndrome. In addition, we have analysed the reported mutations in mutation effect prediction databases in order to gain a better understanding of the mutation’s outcomes.
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Hirji N, Bradley PD, Li S, Vincent A, Pennesi ME, Thomas AS, Heon E, Bhan A, Mahroo OA, Robson A, Inglehearn CF, Moore AT, Michaelides M. Jalili Syndrome: Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Features of Seven Patients With Cone-Rod Dystrophy and Amelogenesis Imperfecta. Am J Ophthalmol 2018; 188:123-130. [PMID: 29421294 PMCID: PMC5873517 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2018.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To characterize a series of 7 patients with cone-rod dystrophy (CORD) and amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) owing to confirmed mutations in CNNM4, first described as "Jalili Syndrome." DESIGN Retrospective observational case series. METHODS Seven patients from 6 families with Jalili Syndrome were identified at 3 tertiary referral centers. We systematically reviewed their available medical records, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), fundus autofluorescence imaging (FAF), color fundus photography, and electrophysiological assessments. RESULTS The mean age at presentation was 6.7 years (range 3-16 years), with 6 male and 1 female patient. CNNM4 mutations were identified in all patients. The mean Snellen best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at presentation was 20/246 (range 20/98 to 20/399) in the right eye and 20/252 (range 20/98 to 20/480) in the left. Nystagmus was observed in all 7 patients, and photophobia was present in 6. Funduscopic findings at presentation were variable, ranging from only mild disc pallor to retinal vascular attenuation and macular atrophy. Multimodal imaging demonstrated disease progression in all 7 patients over time. Electroretinography uniformly revealed progressive cone-rod dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS Jalili Syndrome is a rare CORD associated with AI. We have further characterized its ocular phenotype, including describing SD-OCT, FAF, and electrophysiological features; and report several novel disease-causing sequence variants. Moreover, this study presents novel longitudinal data demonstrating structural and functional progression over time, allowing better informed advice on prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashila Hirji
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick D Bradley
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shuning Li
- Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ajoy Vincent
- Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mark E Pennesi
- Oregon Health & Science University, Casey Eye Institute, Portland, Oregon
| | | | - Elise Heon
- Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Aparna Bhan
- Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Omar A Mahroo
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony Robson
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Anthony T Moore
- UCSF School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, San Francisco, California
| | - Michel Michaelides
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Maia CMF, Machado RA, Gil-da-Silva-Lopes VL, Lustosa-Mendes E, Rim PHH, Dias VO, Martelli DRB, Nasser LS, Coletta RD, Martelli-Júnior H. Report of two unrelated families with Jalili syndrome and a novel nonsense heterozygous mutation in CNNM4 gene. Eur J Med Genet 2018; 61:384-387. [PMID: 29421602 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Jalili syndrome (JS) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by a combination of cone-rode retinal dytrophy (CRD) and amelogenesis imperfect (AI). Mutations in cyclin and CBS domain divalent metal cation transport mediator 4 (CNNM4) gene cause JS. Here we described 2 families (3 members) affected by JS. In the first family, JS was caused by the homozygous p.Leu324Pro (c.971T > C) missense mutation and the affected patient developed both CRD and AI. In the second family, a specific combination of a compound heterozygous mutation was found - the p.Leu324Pro (c.971T > C) missense transition and the novel p.Tyr581* (c.1743C > G) nonsense mutation. The proband showed CRD and AI, but her father just developed eye alterations. Together, these findings suggest that the p.Leu324Pro mutation in homozygosis induces a complete phenotype with both CRD and AI, but in heterozygosis and in composition with the novel p.Tyr581* nonsense mutation in CNNM4 promotes variable clinical expressivity, particularly with lack of dental phenotypes. These different phenotypes could be explained by deletions affecting the proband's homologous allele, epistasia or interactions with environmental factors leading to residual activity of protein.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renato Assis Machado
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Elaine Lustosa-Mendes
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscila Hae Hyun Rim
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Verônica Oliveira Dias
- Health Science Program, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Luciano Sólia Nasser
- Health Science Program, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ricardo D Coletta
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hercílio Martelli-Júnior
- Health Science Program, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Li S, Xi Q, Zhang X, Yu D, Li L, Jiang Z, Chen Q, Wang QK, Traboulsi EI. Identification of a mutation in CNNM4 by whole exome sequencing in an Amish family and functional link between CNNM4 and IQCB1. Mol Genet Genomics 2018; 293:699-710. [PMID: 29322253 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-018-1417-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We investigated an Amish family in which three siblings presented with an early-onset childhood retinal dystrophy inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion. Genome-wide linkage analysis identified significant linkage to marker D2S2216 on 2q11 with a two-point LOD score of 1.95 and a multi-point LOD score of 3.76. Whole exome sequencing was then performed for the three affected individuals and identified a homozygous nonsense mutation (c.C1813T, p.R605X) in the cyclin and CBS domain divalent metal cation transport mediator 4 (CNNM4) gene located within the 2p14-2q14 Jalili syndrome locus. The initial assessment and collection of the family were performed before the clinical delineation of Jalili syndrome. Another assessment was made after the discovery of the responsible gene and the dental abnormalities characteristic of Jalili syndrome were retrospectively identified. The p.R605X mutation represents the first probable founder mutation of Jalili syndrome identified in the Amish community. The molecular mechanism underlying Jalili syndrome is unknown. Here we show that CNNM4 interacts with IQCB1, which causes Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) when mutated. A truncated CNNM4 protein starting at R605 significantly increased the rate of apoptosis, and significantly increased the interaction between CNNM4 and IQCB1. Mutation p.R605X may cause Jalili syndrome by a nonsense-mediated decay mechanism, affecting the function of IQCB1 and apoptosis, or both. Our data, for the first time, functionally link Jalili syndrome gene CNNM4 to LCA gene IQCB1, providing important insights into the molecular pathogenic mechanism of retinal dystrophy in Jalili syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Human Genome Research and Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Quansheng Xi
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Human Genome Research and Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Dong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Human Genome Research and Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Zhenyang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Human Genome Research and Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Qiuyun Chen
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Qing K Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Human Genome Research and Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, USA.
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
| | - Elias I Traboulsi
- Center for Genetic Eye Diseases, Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to outline those systemic disorders that are associated with pediatric retinal dystrophy, summarize important retinal, and nonretinal clues that aid in syndromic diagnosis, provide an approach for ophthalmic and systematic systemic examination, describe the important systemic findings seen in pediatric syndromic retinal dystrophies and highlight the role of genetic testing. RECENT FINDINGS With profound advances being made in the field of molecular genetics, a definitive molecular etiology is increasingly being made even in rare and unusual forms of retinal dystrophies. Early recognition and precise diagnosis of a syndromic association has major clinical implications. It not only ensures early and holistic care to the child but also provides an opportunity for the parents in better understanding the nature and course of the disorder. It greatly aids in genetic counseling. SUMMARY Many syndromic retinal dystrophies may present initially to the ophthalmologist long before they present to the pediatrician with systemic symptoms. The intent of this article is to act as a resource in assisting the ophthalmologist to arrive at an early systemic diagnosis.
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Cherkaoui Jaouad I, Lyahyai J, Guaoua S, El Alloussi M, Zrhidri A, Doubaj Y, Boulanouar A, Sefiani A. Novel splice site mutation in CNNM4 gene in a family with Jalili syndrome. Eur J Med Genet 2017; 60:239-244. [PMID: 28246031 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Jalili syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disease characterized by the association of amelogenesis imperfecta and cone-rod retinal dystrophy. This syndrome is caused by mutations in the CNNM4 gene. Different types of CNNM4 mutations have been reported; missense, nonsense, large deletions, single base insertion, and duplication. We used Sanger sequencing to analyze a large consanguineous family with three siblings affected with Jalili syndrome, suspected clinically after dental and ophthalmological examination. These patients are carrying a novel homozygous mutation in the splice site acceptor of intron 3 (c.1682-1G > C) in the CNNM4 gene. We compare the findings of the present family to those from literature, in order to further delineate Jalili syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imane Cherkaoui Jaouad
- Centre de Génomique Humaine, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco; Département de Génétique Médicale, Institut National d'Hygiène, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Jaber Lyahyai
- Centre de Génomique Humaine, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Soukaina Guaoua
- Centre de Génomique Humaine, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mustapha El Alloussi
- Service d'odontologie Pédiatrique, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abdelali Zrhidri
- Centre de Génomique Humaine, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Yassamine Doubaj
- Centre de Génomique Humaine, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco; Département de Génétique Médicale, Institut National d'Hygiène, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | - Abdelaziz Sefiani
- Centre de Génomique Humaine, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco; Département de Génétique Médicale, Institut National d'Hygiène, Rabat, Morocco
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A novel mutation and variable phenotypic expression in a large consanguineous pedigree with Jalili syndrome. Eye (Lond) 2016; 30:1424-1432. [PMID: 27419834 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2016.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PurposeJalili syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by simultaneous appearance of cone-rod dystrophy (CRD) and amelogenesis imperfecta (AI). Mutations in CNNM4 gene have been identified as the underlying cause of the syndrome. In this study, we investigated a large affected family to identify the causative mutation.Patients and MethodsA seven-generation family with 24 members affected with Jalili syndrome were enrolled in the study. Comprehensive ophthalmologic and dental examinations were performed on them. The entire coding region of CNNM4 gene was sequenced for detection of potential mutations.ResultsOcular examinations showed nystagmus and photophobia along with early onset visual impairment. Fundoscopic exams revealed a spectrum of macular dystrophies in different family members, from macular coloboma and advanced form of beaten bronze macular dystrophy (bull's eye) to milder form of macular thinning along with a range of pigmentary changes and vascular attenuation in the posterior pole and periphery. Scotopic and photopic electro-retinographic responses (ERGs) were extinguished or significantly depressed. Mutation analysis revealed a novel mutation (c.1091delG) in homozygous form in the patients and as a heterozygous form in the normal carrier subjects.ConclusionWe identified a novel homozygous deleterious mutation in CNNM4 gene which causes Jalili syndrome.
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Topçu V, Alp MY, Alp CK, Bakır A, Geylan D, Yılmazoğlu MÖ. A new familial case of Jalili syndrome caused by a novel mutation in CNNM4. Ophthalmic Genet 2016; 38:161-166. [PMID: 27070327 DOI: 10.3109/13816810.2016.1164192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Jalili syndrome (JS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the combination of cone-rod dystrophy (CRD) and amelogenesis imperfecta. To date, 18 families with JS have been reported, 16 of which were found to have a mutation in CNNM4. We describe three siblings with clinical features of JS with a homozygous missense mutation in exon 4 of CNNM4, c.1781A>G (p.N594S). They demonstrated phenotypic variability in terms of ocular and dental findings. Although fundus examination and optical coherence tomography results were normal, the electroretinogram was compatible with CRD, supporting the diagnosis of JS. The dental phenotype severity also varied among the siblings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vehap Topçu
- a Department of Medical Genetics , Zekai Tahir Burak Maternity Teaching Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Muhammed Yunus Alp
- b Genetic Diagnostic Center, Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Cemile Kedici Alp
- c Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry , Gazi University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Abdullatif Bakır
- a Department of Medical Genetics , Zekai Tahir Burak Maternity Teaching Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Dilay Geylan
- a Department of Medical Genetics , Zekai Tahir Burak Maternity Teaching Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
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Purwar P, Sareen S, Bhartiya K, Sayed Inayatullah SR, Bansal M, Chahal V, Gupta SK, Dixit J, Sheel V, Rai P. Jalili syndrome presenting with situs inversus totalis and keratoconus: the first case in the Indian subcontinent. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2015; 120:e210-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gerth-Kahlert C, Seebauer B, Dold S, Hanson JVM, Wildberger H, Spörri A, van Waes H, Berger W. Intra-familial phenotype variability in patients with Jalili syndrome. Eye (Lond) 2015; 29:712-6. [PMID: 25613845 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2014.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C Gerth-Kahlert
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - B Seebauer
- 1] Institute of Medical Molecular Genetics, Zurich, Switzerland [2] Neuroscience Center Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S Dold
- 1] Institute of Medical Molecular Genetics, Zurich, Switzerland [2] Neuroscience Center Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J V M Hanson
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - H Wildberger
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Spörri
- Clinic of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - H van Waes
- Clinic of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - W Berger
- 1] Institute of Medical Molecular Genetics, Zurich, Switzerland [2] Neuroscience Center Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland [3] Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Alachioti XS, Dimopoulou E, Vlasakidou A, Athanasiou AE. Amelogenesis imperfecta and anterior open bite: Etiological, classification, clinical and management interrelationships. J Orthod Sci 2014; 3:1-6. [PMID: 24987656 PMCID: PMC4072389 DOI: 10.4103/2278-0203.127547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Although amelogenesis imperfecta is not a common dental pathological condition, its etiological, classification, clinical and management aspects have been addressed extensively in the scientific literature. Of special clinical consideration is the frequent co-existence of amelogenesis imperfecta with the anterior open bite. This paper provides an updated review on amelogenesis imperfecta as well as anterior open bite, in general, and documents the association of these two separate entities, in particular. Diagnosis and treatment of amelogenesis imperfecta patients presenting also with anterior open bite require a lengthy, comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach, which should aim to successfully address all dental, occlusal, developmental, skeletal and soft tissue problems associated with these two serious clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xanthippi Sofia Alachioti
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Dimopoulou
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anatoli Vlasakidou
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athanasios E Athanasiou
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece ; Dubai School of Dental Medicine, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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Roosing S, Thiadens AAHJ, Hoyng CB, Klaver CCW, den Hollander AI, Cremers FPM. Causes and consequences of inherited cone disorders. Prog Retin Eye Res 2014; 42:1-26. [PMID: 24857951 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2013] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary cone disorders (CDs) are characterized by defects of the cone photoreceptors or retinal pigment epithelium underlying the macula, and include achromatopsia (ACHM), cone dystrophy (COD), cone-rod dystrophy (CRD), color vision impairment, Stargardt disease (STGD) and other maculopathies. Forty-two genes have been implicated in non-syndromic inherited CDs. Mutations in the 5 genes implicated in ACHM explain ∼93% of the cases. On the contrary, only 21% of CRDs (17 genes) and 25% of CODs (8 genes) have been elucidated. The fact that the large majority of COD and CRD-associated genes are yet to be discovered hints towards the existence of unknown cone-specific or cone-sensitive processes. The ACHM-associated genes encode proteins that fulfill crucial roles in the cone phototransduction cascade, which is the most frequently compromised (10 genes) process in CDs. Another 7 CD-associated proteins are required for transport processes towards or through the connecting cilium. The remaining CD-associated proteins are involved in cell membrane morphogenesis and maintenance, synaptic transduction, and the retinoid cycle. Further novel genes are likely to be identified in the near future by combining large-scale DNA sequencing and transcriptomics technologies. For 31 of 42 CD-associated genes, mammalian models are available, 14 of which have successfully been used for gene augmentation studies. However, gene augmentation for CDs should ideally be developed in large mammalian models with cone-rich areas, which are currently available for only 11 CD genes. Future research will aim to elucidate the remaining causative genes, identify the molecular mechanisms of CD, and develop novel therapies aimed at preventing vision loss in individuals with CD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Roosing
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Carel B Hoyng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline C W Klaver
- Department of Ophthalmology Erasmus Medical Centre, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anneke I den Hollander
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Frans P M Cremers
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Luder HU, Gerth-Kahlert C, Ostertag-Benzinger S, Schorderet DF. Dental phenotype in Jalili syndrome due to a c.1312 dupC homozygous mutation in the CNNM4 gene. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78529. [PMID: 24194943 PMCID: PMC3806830 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Jalili syndrome denotes a recessively inherited combination of an eye disease (cone-rod dystrophy) and a dental disorder (amelogenesis imperfecta), which is caused by mutations in the CNNM4 gene. Whereas the ophthalmic consequences of these mutations have been studied comprehensively, the dental phenotype has obtained less attention. A defective transport of magnesium ions by the photoreceptors of the retina is assumed to account for the progressive visual impairment. Since magnesium is also incorporated in the mineral of dental hard tissues, we hypothesized that magnesium concentrations in defective enamel resulting from mutations in CNNM4 would be abnormal, if a similar deficiency of magnesium transport also accounted for the amelogenesis imperfecta. Thus, a detailed analysis of the dental hard tissues was performed in two boys of Kosovan origin affected by Jalili syndrome. Retinal dystrophy of the patients was diagnosed by a comprehensive eye examination and full-field electroretinography. A mutational analysis revealed a c.1312 dupC homozygous mutation in CNNM4, a genetic defect which had already been identified in other Kosovan families and putatively results in loss-of-function of the protein. The evaluation of six primary teeth using light and scanning electron microscopy as well as energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy showed that dental enamel was thin and deficient in mineral, suggesting a hypoplastic/hypomineralized type of amelogenesis imperfecta. The reduced mineral density of enamel was accompanied by decreased amounts of calcium, but significantly elevated levels of magnesium. In dentin, however, a similar mineral deficiency was associated with reduced magnesium and normal calcium levels. It is concluded that the c.1312 dupC mutation of CNNM4 results in mineralization defects of both enamel and dentin, which are associated with significantly abnormal magnesium concentrations. Thus, we could not disprove the hypothesis that a disrupted magnesium transport is involved in the development of the dental abnormalities observed in Jalili syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans U. Luder
- Institute of Oral Biology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Silke Ostertag-Benzinger
- Clinic of Orthodontics and Pedodontics, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel F. Schorderet
- Institut de Recherche en Ophtalmologie, Sion, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Doucette L, Green J, Black C, Schwartzentruber J, Johnson GJ, Galutira D, Young TL. Molecular genetics of achromatopsia in Newfoundland reveal genetic heterogeneity, founder effects and the first cases of Jalili syndrome in North America. Ophthalmic Genet 2013; 34:119-29. [PMID: 23362848 DOI: 10.3109/13816810.2013.763993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Achromatopsia (ACHM) is a severe retinal disorder characterized by an inability to distinguish colors, impaired visual acuity, photophobia and nystagmus. This rare autosomal recessive disorder of the cone photoreceptors is best known for its increased frequency due to founder effect in the Pingelapese population of the Pacific islands. Sixteen patients from Newfoundland, Canada were sequenced for mutations in the four known achromatopsia genes CNGA3, CNGB3, GNAT2, and PDE6C. The majority (n = 12) of patients were either homozygotes or compound heterozygotes for known achromatopsia alleles, two in CNGB3 (p.T383fsX and p.T296YfsX9) and three in CNGA3 (p.R283Q, p.R427C and p.L527R). Haplotype reconstruction showed that recurrent mutations p.T383fsX and p.L527R were due to a founder effect. Aggregate data from exome sequencing, segregation analysis and archived medical records support a rediagnosis of Jalili syndrome in affected siblings (n = 4) from Family 0094, which to our knowledge is the first family identified with Jalili Syndrome in North America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lance Doucette
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
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