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Li H, Li W, Li D, Yuan L, Xu Y, Su P, Wu L, Zhang Z. Based on systematic druggable genome-wide Mendelian randomization identifies therapeutic targets for diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1366290. [PMID: 38915894 PMCID: PMC11194396 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1366290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Diabetes and its complications cause a heavy burden of disease worldwide. In recent years, Mendelian randomization (MR) has been widely used to discover the pathogenesis and epidemiology of diseases, as well as to discover new therapeutic targets. Therefore, based on systematic "druggable" genomics, we aim to identify new therapeutic targets for diabetes and analyze its pathophysiological mechanisms to promote its new therapeutic strategies. Material and method We used double sample MR to integrate the identified druggable genomics to evaluate the causal effect of quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) expressed by druggable genes in blood on type 1 and 2 diabetes (T1DM and T2DM). Repeat the study using different data sources on diabetes and its complications to verify the identified genes. Not only that, we also use Bayesian co-localization analysis to evaluate the posterior probabilities of different causal variations, shared causal variations, and co-localization probabilities to examine the possibility of genetic confounding. Finally, using diabetes markers with available genome-wide association studies data, we evaluated the causal relationship between established diabetes markers to explore possible mechanisms. Result Overall, a total of 4,477 unique druggable genes have been gathered. After filtering using methods such as Bonferroni significance (P<1.90e-05), the MR Steiger directionality test, Bayesian co-localization analysis, and validation with different datasets, Finally, 7 potential druggable genes that may affect the results of T1DM and 7 potential druggable genes that may affect the results of T2DM were identified. Reverse MR suggests that C4B may play a bidirectional role in the pathogenesis of T1DM, and none of the other 13 target genes have a reverse causal relationship. And the 7 target genes in T2DM may each affect the biomarkers of T2DM to mediate the pathogenesis of T2DM. Conclusion This study provides genetic evidence supporting the potential therapeutic benefits of targeting seven druggable genes, namely MAP3K13, KCNJ11, REG4, KIF11, CCNE2, PEAK1, and NRBP1, for T2DM treatment. Similarly, targeting seven druggable genes, namely ERBB3, C4B, CD69, PTPN22, IL27, ATP2A1, and LT-β, has The potential therapeutic benefits of T1DM treatment. This will provide new ideas for the treatment of diabetes and also help to determine the priority of drug development for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Li
- Emergency Department, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- Urology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Dongyang Li
- Internal Medicine-Neurology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Yuan
- Emergency Department, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Yucheng Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Pengtao Su
- Emergency Department, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Liqiang Wu
- Emergency Department, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Emergency Department, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
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Lee SG, Eom SY, Lim JA, Choi BS, Kwon HJ, Hong YS, Kim YD, Kim H, Park JD. Association between urinary arsenic concentration and genetic polymorphisms in Korean adults. Toxicol Res 2024; 40:179-188. [PMID: 38223675 PMCID: PMC10786758 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-023-00216-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a human carcinogen widely distributed in the environment. This study evaluated the association between the urinary As concentration and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Korean adults to determine the genetic factors related to As concentration. The study included 496 participants for the genome-wide association study (GWAS) and 1483 participants for the candidate gene approach study. Participants were 19 years and older. The concentrations of total As (Tot As) and total As metabolites (Tmet As, the sum of inorganic As and their metabolites; arsenite, arsenate, monomethylarsonic, and dimethylarsinic acid) in the urine were analyzed. The GWAS identified four SNPs (rs1432523, rs3776006, rs11171747, and rs807573) associated with urinary Tot As and four SNPs (rs117605537, rs3776006, rs11171747, and rs148103384) significantly associated with urinary Tmet As concentration (P < 1 × 10-4). The candidate gene study identified two SNPs (PRDX2 rs10427027 and GLRX rs3822751) in genes related to the reduction reaction associated with urinary Tot As and Tmet As. This study suggests that genetic factors may play a role in regulating As metabolism in the human body, affecting both exposure levels and its potential health risks in the general Korean population, even at low exposure levels. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43188-023-00216-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul-Gi Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Yong Eom
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ae Lim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 16890 Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Sun Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Jang Kwon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 16890 Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Seoub Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, 49201 Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Dae Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644 Republic of Korea
| | - Heon Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Duck Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
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Laine AP, Valta M, Toppari J, Knip M, Veijola R, Ilonen J, Lempainen J. Non-HLA Gene Polymorphisms in the Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes: Phase and Endotype Specific Effects. Front Immunol 2022; 13:909020. [PMID: 35812428 PMCID: PMC9261460 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.909020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-HLA loci conferring susceptibility to type 1 diabetes determine approximately half of the genetic disease risk, and several of them have been shown to affect immune-cell or pancreatic β-cell functions. A number of these loci have shown associations with the appearance of autoantibodies or with progression from seroconversion to clinical type 1 diabetes. In the current study, we have re-analyzed 21 of our loci with prior association evidence using an expanded DIPP follow-up cohort of 976 autoantibody positive cases and 1,910 matched controls. Survival analysis using Cox regression was applied for time periods from birth to seroconversion and from seroconversion to type 1 diabetes. The appearance of autoantibodies was also analyzed in endotypes, which are defined by the first appearing autoantibody, either IAA or GADA. Analyzing the time period from birth to seroconversion, we were able to replicate our previous association findings at PTPN22, INS, and NRP1. Novel findings included associations with ERBB3, UBASH3A, PTPN2, and FUT2. In the time period from seroconversion to clinical type 1 diabetes, prior associations with PTPN2, CD226, and PTPN22 were replicated, and a novel association with STAT4 was observed. Analyzing the appearance of autoantibodies in endotypes, the PTPN22 association was specific for IAA-first. In the progression phase, STAT4 was specific for IAA-first and ERBB3 to GADA-first. In conclusion, our results further the knowledge of the function of non-HLA risk polymorphisms in detailing endotype specificity and timing of disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti-Pekka Laine
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- *Correspondence: Antti-Pekka Laine, ; Mikael Knip,
| | - Milla Valta
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jorma Toppari
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, and Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Mikael Knip
- Pediatric Research Center, Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Tampere Center for Child Health Research, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- *Correspondence: Antti-Pekka Laine, ; Mikael Knip,
| | - Riitta Veijola
- Department of Paediatrics, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jorma Ilonen
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Johanna Lempainen
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Clinical Microbiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Massignam ET, Dieter C, Assmann TS, Duarte GCK, Bauer AC, Canani LH, Crispim D. The rs705708 A allele of the ERBB3 gene is associated with lower prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and arterial hypertension and with improved renal function in type 1 diabetic patients. Microvasc Res 2022; 143:104378. [PMID: 35594935 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2022.104378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (ERBB3) is involved in autoimmune processes related to type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) pathogenesis. Accordingly, some studies have suggested that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ERBB3 gene confer risk for T1DM. Proliferation-associated protein 2G4 (PA2G4) is another candidate gene for this disease because it regulates cell proliferation and adaptive immunity. Moreover, PA2G4 regulates ERBB3. To date, no study has evaluated the association of PA2G4 SNPs and T1DM. AIM To evaluate the association of ERBB3 rs705708 (G/A) and PA2G4 rs773120 (C/T) SNPs with T1DM and its clinical and laboratory characteristics. METHODS This case-control study included 976 white subjects from Southern Brazil, categorized into 501 cases with T1DM and 475 non-diabetic controls. The ERBB3 and PA2G4 SNPs were genotyped by allelic discrimination-real-time PCR. RESULTS ERBB3 rs705708 and PA2G4 rs773120 SNPs were not associated with T1DM considering different inheritance models and also when controlling for covariables. However, T1DM patients carrying the ERBB3 rs705708 A allele developed T1DM at an earlier age vs. G/G patients. Interestingly, in the T1DM group, the rs705708 A allele was associated with lower prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and arterial hypertension as well as with improved renal function (higher estimated glomerular filtration rate and lower urinary albumin excretion levels) compared to G/G patients. CONCLUSIONS Although no association was observed between the ERBB3 rs705708 and PA2G4 rs773120 SNPs and T1DM, the rs705708 A allele was associated, for the first time in literature, with lower prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and arterial hypertension. Additionally, this SNP was associated with improved renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloísa Toscan Massignam
- Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cristine Dieter
- Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Taís Silveira Assmann
- Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Coutinho Kullmann Duarte
- Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Andrea Carla Bauer
- Nephrology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luis Henrique Canani
- Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Daisy Crispim
- Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Caliskan M, Brown CD, Maranville JC. A catalog of GWAS fine-mapping efforts in autoimmune disease. Am J Hum Genet 2021; 108:549-563. [PMID: 33798443 PMCID: PMC8059376 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2021.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have enabled unbiased identification of genetic loci contributing to common complex diseases. Because GWAS loci often harbor many variants and genes, it remains a major challenge to move from GWASs’ statistical associations to the identification of causal variants and genes that underlie these association signals. Researchers have applied many statistical and functional fine-mapping strategies to prioritize genetic variants and genes as potential candidates. There is no gold standard in fine-mapping approaches, but consistent results across different approaches can improve confidence in the fine-mapping findings. Here, we combined text mining with a systematic review and formed a catalog of 85 studies with evidence of fine mapping for at least one autoimmune GWAS locus. Across all fine-mapping studies, we compiled 230 GWAS loci with allelic heterogeneity estimates and predictions of causal variants and trait-relevant genes. These 230 loci included 455 combinations of locus-by-disease association signals with 15 autoimmune diseases. Using these estimates, we assessed the probability of mediating disease risk associations across genes in GWAS loci and identified robust signals of causal disease biology. We predict that this comprehensive catalog of GWAS fine-mapping efforts in autoimmune disease will greatly help distill the plethora of information in the field and inform therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minal Caliskan
- Department of Informatics and Predictive Sciences, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA.
| | - Christopher D Brown
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joseph C Maranville
- Department of Informatics and Predictive Sciences, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
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Sequeira D, Baptista PV, Valente R, Piedade MFM, Garcia MH, Morais TS, Fernandes AR. Cu(I) complexes as new antiproliferative agents against sensitive and doxorubicin resistant colorectal cancer cells: synthesis, characterization, and mechanisms of action. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:1845-1865. [PMID: 33470993 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03566a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the worst health issues worldwide, representing the second leading cause of death. Current chemotherapeutic drugs face some challenges like the acquired resistance of the tumoral cells and low specificity leading to unwanted side effects. There is an urgent need to develop new compounds that may target resistant cells. The synthesis and characterization of two Cu(i) complexes of general formula [Cu(PP)(LL)][BF4], where PP is a phosphane ligand (triphenylphosphine or 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphano) ethane) and LL = is a heteroaromatic bidentate ligand (4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine and 6,3-(2-pyridyl)-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazine). The new compounds were fully characterized by spectroscopic techniques (NMR, FTIR and UV-vis.), elemental analysis (C, H, N and S) and two structures were determined by single X-ray diffraction studies. The antiproliferative potential of the new Cu(i) complexes were studied in tumor (breast adenocarcinoma, ovarian carcinoma and in colorectal carcinoma sensitive and resistant to doxorubicin) and normal (fibroblasts) cell lines. Complexes 1-4 did not show any antiproliferative potential. Amongst the complexes 5-8, complex 8 shows high cytotoxic potential against colorectal cancer sensitive and resistant to doxorubicin and low cytotoxicity towards healthy cells. We show that complexes 5-8 can cleave pDNA and, in particular, the in vitro pDNA cleavage is due to an oxidative mechanism. This oxidative mechanism corroborates the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), that triggers HCT116 cell death via apoptosis, as proved by the increased expression of BAX protein relative to BCL-2 protein and the depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential, and via autophagy. Additionally, complex 8 can block the cell cycle in the G1 phase, also exhibiting a cytostatic potential. Proteomic analysis confirmed the apoptotic, autophagic and cytostatic potential of complex 8, as well as its ability to produce ROS and cause DNA damage. The interference of the complex in folding and protein synthesis and its ability to cause post-translational modifications was also verified. Finally, it was observed that the complex causes a reduction in cellular metabolism. The results herein demonstrated the potential of Cu(i) complexes in targeting doxorubicin sensitive and resistant cells which is positive and must be further explored using in vivo animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Sequeira
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Pedro V Baptista
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Ruben Valente
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - M Fátima M Piedade
- DQB-FCUL, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal. and CQE@IST, Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Helena Garcia
- DQB-FCUL, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal. and CQE@FCUL, Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tânia S Morais
- DQB-FCUL, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal. and CQE@FCUL, Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alexandra R Fernandes
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal.
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Pang H, Luo S, Huang G, Xia Y, Xie Z, Zhou Z. Advances in Knowledge of Candidate Genes Acting at the Beta-Cell Level in the Pathogenesis of T1DM. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:119. [PMID: 32226409 PMCID: PMC7080653 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
T1DM (type 1 diabetes mellitus), which results from the irreversible elimination of beta-cells mediated by autoreactive T cells, is defined as an autoimmune disease. It is widely accepted that T1DM is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, but the precise underlying molecular mechanisms are still unknown. To date, more than 50 genetic risk regions contributing to the pathogenesis of T1DM have been identified by GWAS (genome-wide association studies). Notably, more than 60% of the identified candidate genes are expressed in islets and beta-cells, which makes it plausible that these genes act at the beta-cell level and play a key role in the pathogenesis of T1DM. In this review, we focus on the current status of candidate genes that act at the beta-cell level by regulating the innate immune response and antiviral activity, affecting susceptibility to proapoptotic stimuli and influencing the pancreatic beta-cell phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Pang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Shuoming Luo
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Gan Huang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiguo Xie
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiguo Xie
| | - Zhiguang Zhou
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, China
- Zhiguang Zhou
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The Association between rs2292239 Polymorphism in ERBB3 Gene and Type 1 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:7689642. [PMID: 31467911 PMCID: PMC6699299 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7689642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study was to explore the association between rs2292239 polymorphism in ERBB3 gene and type 1 diabetes (T1D). Methods A systematic search of studies on the association of rs2292239 polymorphism in ERBB3 gene with T1D susceptibility was conducted in PubMed, Web of science, Elsevier Science Direct, and Cochrane Library. Eventually, 9 published studies were included. The strength of association between rs2292239 polymorphism and T1D susceptibility was assessed by odds ratios (ORs) with its 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results A total of 9 case-control studies, consisting of 5369 T1D patients and 6920 controls, were included in the meta-analysis. This meta-analysis showed significant association between ERBB3 rs2292239 polymorphism and T1D susceptibility in overall population (A vs. C, OR: 1.292, 95% CI= 1.224-1.364, P H=0.450, P H is P value for the heterogeneity test). Similar results were found in subgroup analysis by ethnicity. Conclusions ERBB3 rs2292239 polymorphism is associated with T1D susceptibility and rs2292239-A allele is a risk factor for T1D. However, more large-scale studies are warranted to replicate our findings.
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Structural characterization and biological properties of silver(I) tris(pyrazolyl)methane sulfonate. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 199:110789. [PMID: 31357066 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The water-soluble 1D helical coordination polymer [Ag(Tpms)]n (1) [Tpms = tris(pyrazolyl)methane sulfonate, -O3SC(pz)3; pz = pyrazolyl] was synthesized and fully characterized, its single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealing the ligand acting as a bridging chelate N3-donor ligand. The antiproliferative potential of 1 was performed on two human tumour cell lines, A2780 and HCT116, and in normal fibroblasts, with a much higher effect in the former cell line (IC50 of 0.04 μM) as compared to the latter cell line and to normal fibroblasts. Compound 1 does not alter cell cycle progression but interferes with the adherence of A2780 cells triggering cell apoptosis. Apoptosis appears to occur via the extrinsic pathway (no changes in mitochondria membrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and pro-apoptotic (B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) associated protein (BAX))/anti-apoptotic (BCL-2) ratio) being this hypothesis also supported by the presence of silver mainly in the supernatants of A2780 cells. Results also indicated that cell death via autophagy was triggered. Proteomic analysis allowed us to confirm that compound 1 is able to induce a stress response in A2780 cells that is related with its antiproliferative activity and the trigger of apoptosis.
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The rs2292239 polymorphism in ERBB3 gene is associated with risk for type 1 diabetes mellitus in a Brazilian population. Gene 2017; 644:122-128. [PMID: 29109006 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The Erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (ERBB3) belongs to a family of epidermal growth factor receptors of protein tyrosine kinases, and regulates cell survival, differentiation and proliferation in several cell types. Previous studies have suggested that ERBB3 contributes to T1DM pathogenesis by modulating antigen presenting cell function, autoimmunity and cytokine-induced beta-cell apoptosis. Accordingly, some genome-wide association studies identified ERBB3 gene as a susceptibility locus for T1DM, with the strongest association signal being observed for the rs2292239 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in intron 7 of the gene. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to replicate the association of the ERBB3 rs2292239 SNP with T1DM in a Brazilian population. We analyzed 421 T1DM patients (cases) and 510 nondiabetic subjects (controls). All subjects were self-declared as white. The ERBB3 rs2292239 (A/C) SNP was genotyped by real-time PCR using TaqMan MGB probes. Genotype (P=0.001) and allele (P=0.002) frequencies of the ERBB3 rs2292239 SNP were differently distributed between T1DM patients and nondiabetic controls. Moreover, the A allele was significantly associated with risk for T1DM when considering recessive (OR=1.58, 95% CI 1.11-2.27; P=0.015), additive (OR=1.78, 95% CI 1.21-2.62; P=0.004), and dominant (OR=1.39, 95% CI 1.07-1.81; P=0.016) models of inheritance. However, after adjustment for presence of high-risk HLA DR/DQ genotypes, the rs2292239 SNP remained independently associated with T1DM only for the additive model (OR=1.62, 95% CI 1.02-2.59; P=0.043). Our results suggest that the A/A genotype of the ERBB3 rs2292239 SNP is associated with risk for T1DM in a white Brazilian population.
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Babbitt CC, Haygood R, Nielsen WJ, Wray GA. Gene expression and adaptive noncoding changes during human evolution. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:435. [PMID: 28583075 PMCID: PMC5460488 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3831-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite evidence for adaptive changes in both gene expression and non-protein-coding, putatively regulatory regions of the genome during human evolution, the relationship between gene expression and adaptive changes in cis-regulatory regions remains unclear. Results Here we present new measurements of gene expression in five tissues of humans and chimpanzees, and use them to assess this relationship. We then compare our results with previous studies of adaptive noncoding changes, analyzing correlations at the level of gene ontology groups, in order to gain statistical power to detect correlations. Conclusions Consistent with previous studies, we find little correlation between gene expression and adaptive noncoding changes at the level of individual genes; however, we do find significant correlations at the level of biological function ontology groups. The types of function include processes regulated by specific transcription factors, responses to genetic or chemical perturbations, and differentiation of cell types within the immune system. Among functional categories co-enriched with both differential expression and noncoding adaptation, prominent themes include cancer, particularly epithelial cancers, and neural development and function. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3831-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney C Babbitt
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA. .,Institute for Genome Sciences & Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA. .,Present Address: Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
| | | | | | - Gregory A Wray
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.,Institute for Genome Sciences & Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.,Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
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Størling J, Pociot F. Type 1 Diabetes Candidate Genes Linked to Pancreatic Islet Cell Inflammation and Beta-Cell Apoptosis. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8020072. [PMID: 28212332 PMCID: PMC5333061 DOI: 10.3390/genes8020072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic immune-mediated disease resulting from the selective destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic islet β-cells. Susceptibility to the disease is the result of complex interactions between environmental and genetic risk factors. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 50 genetic regions that affect the risk of developing T1D. Most of these susceptibility loci, however, harbor several genes, and the causal variant(s) and gene(s) for most of the loci remain to be established. A significant part of the genes located in the T1D susceptibility loci are expressed in human islets and β cells and mounting evidence suggests that some of these genes modulate the β-cell response to the immune system and viral infection and regulate apoptotic β-cell death. Here, we discuss the current status of T1D susceptibility loci and candidate genes with focus on pancreatic islet cell inflammation and β-cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Størling
- Copenhagen Diabetes Research Center (CPH-DIRECT), Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev 2730, Denmark.
| | - Flemming Pociot
- Copenhagen Diabetes Research Center (CPH-DIRECT), Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev 2730, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark.
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ERBB3-rs2292239 as primary type 1 diabetes association locus among non-HLA genes in Chinese. Meta Gene 2016; 9:120-3. [PMID: 27331016 PMCID: PMC4908278 DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease that has strong contribution of genetic factors to its etiology. We aimed to assess the genetic association between non-HLA genes and T1D in a Chinese case-control cohort recruited from multiple centers consisting of 364 patients with T1D and 719 unrelated healthy children. We genotyped 55 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) markers located in 16 non-HLA genes (VTCN1, PTPN22, CTLA4, SUMO4, CD274, IL2RA, INS, DHCR7, ERBB3, VDR, CYP27B1, CD69, CD276, PTPN2, UBASH3A, and IL2RB) using SNaPshot multiple single-base extension methods. After multivariate analysis and correction for multiple comparisons, we identified the SNP rs2292239 in ERBB3 gene were significantly associated with T1D. The frequency of the major G allele was significantly decreased in patients with T1D (68.8% in T1D vs 77.3% in controls, OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.53–0.79, P = 0.02), and the minor allele T was associated with an increased risk of T1D (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.26–1.90, P = 0.02). Our haplotype analysis confirmed that rs2292239 was the primary T1D association locus in our current investigation. These results indicated that the ERBB3-rs2292239 was the primary T1D association locus among the investigated 55 SNPs in 16 non-HLA genes in Chinese Han population. A large scale case-control genetic association study on type 1 diabetes in Chinese investigating on-HLA genes. rs2292239 in the ERBB3 gene conferred the primary non-HLA association in Chinese type 1 diabetes. Markers in the common candidate genes, such as PTPN22, CTLA4, IL2RA, and INS, were not significantly associated with T1D in our Chinese cohort.
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Key Words
- CI, confidence interval
- DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid
- EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor
- ERBB3
- GWAS, genome-wide association study
- Genetic association
- HLA, human leukocyte antigen
- HWE, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
- OR, odds ratio
- SBE, single-base extension
- SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism
- Single nucleotide polymorphism
- T1D, type 1 diabetes
- Type 1 diabetes
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Kaur S, Mirza AH, Brorsson CA, Fløyel T, Størling J, Mortensen HB, Pociot F. The genetic and regulatory architecture of ERBB3-type 1 diabetes susceptibility locus. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 419:83-91. [PMID: 26450151 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to explore the role of ERBB3 in type 1 diabetes (T1D). We examined whether genetic variation of ERBB3 (rs2292239) affects residual β-cell function in T1D cases. Furthermore, we examined the expression of ERBB3 in human islets, the effect of ERBB3 knockdown on apoptosis in insulin-producing INS-1E cells and the genetic and regulatory architecture of the ERBB3 locus to provide insights to how rs2292239 may confer disease susceptibility. rs2292239 strongly correlated with residual β-cell function and metabolic control in children with T1D. ERBB3 locus associated lncRNA (NONHSAG011351) was found to be expressed in human islets. ERBB3 was expressed and down-regulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines in human islets and INS-1E cells; knockdown of ERBB3 in INS-1E cells decreased basal and cytokine-induced apoptosis. Our data suggests an important functional role of ERBB3 and its potential regulators in the β-cells and may constitute novel targets to prevent β-cell destruction in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simranjeet Kaur
- Copenhagen Diabetes Research Center (CPH-DIRECT), Department of Pediatrics, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Aashiq H Mirza
- Copenhagen Diabetes Research Center (CPH-DIRECT), Department of Pediatrics, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Non-coding RNA in Technology and Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Caroline A Brorsson
- Copenhagen Diabetes Research Center (CPH-DIRECT), Department of Pediatrics, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Tina Fløyel
- Copenhagen Diabetes Research Center (CPH-DIRECT), Department of Pediatrics, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Joachim Størling
- Copenhagen Diabetes Research Center (CPH-DIRECT), Department of Pediatrics, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Henrik B Mortensen
- Copenhagen Diabetes Research Center (CPH-DIRECT), Department of Pediatrics, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Flemming Pociot
- Copenhagen Diabetes Research Center (CPH-DIRECT), Department of Pediatrics, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Non-coding RNA in Technology and Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
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15
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Ionescu-Tîrgovişte C, Gagniuc PA, Guja C. Structural Properties of Gene Promoters Highlight More than Two Phenotypes of Diabetes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137950. [PMID: 26379145 PMCID: PMC4574929 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) published in the last decade raised the number of loci associated with type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) to more than 50 for each of these diabetes phenotypes. The environmental factors seem to play an important role in the expression of these genes, acting through transcription factors that bind to promoters. Using the available databases we examined the promoters of various genes classically associated with the two main diabetes phenotypes. Our comparative analyses have revealed significant architectural differences between promoters of genes classically associated with T1D and T2D. Nevertheless, five gene promoters (about 16%) belonging to T1D and six gene promoters (over 19%) belonging to T2D have shown some intermediary structural properties, suggesting a direct relationship to either LADA (Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults) phenotype or to non-autoimmune type 1 phenotype. The distribution of these promoters in at least three separate classes seems to indicate specific pathogenic pathways. The image-based patterns (DNA patterns) generated by promoters of genes associated with these three phenotypes support the clinical observation of a smooth link between specific cases of typical T1D and T2D. In addition, a global distribution of these DNA patterns suggests that promoters of genes associated with T1D appear to be evolutionary more conserved than those associated with T2D. Though, the image based patterns obtained by our method might be a new useful parameter for understanding the pathogenetic mechanism and the diabetogenic gene networks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Aurelian Gagniuc
- National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases “N.C. Paulescu”, Bucharest, Romania
- National Institute of Pathology "Victor Babes", Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Genetics, University of Bucharest, Aleea Portocalelor 1–3, Sector 6, Bucharest, Romania
- * E-mail:
| | - Cristian Guja
- National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases “N.C. Paulescu”, Bucharest, Romania
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Chatzikyriakidou A, Voulgari PV, Drosos AA. Evidence of ERBB3 gene association with rheumatoid arthritis predisposition. Int J Rheum Dis 2014; 19:146-9. [PMID: 25530448 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.12514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM ERBB3 (v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 3) gene was reported to be related with susceptibility to several autoimmune diseases. Taking this into account, we searched, for the first time, the ERBB3 gene association with rheumatoid arthritis liability. METHODS One hundred and eighty-six RA patients and 147 controls were enrolled in the study. Polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism assay was conducted in rs2271189 and rs2292239 genotyping. RESULTS A statistically significant difference was observed in rs2271189 allele distribution between RA patients and controls (P = 0.029, odds ratio: 1.460, 95% confidence interval: 1.040-2.050). CONCLUSION As far as we know, this is the first study which correlates ERBB3 gene with RA susceptibility, adding to a previous report of chromosome 12q13 association with RA liability. Furthermore, we confirmed that polymorphism rs2271189 can predict better ERBB3 gene association with disorders than the previously reported ERBB3 variants. More studies in other ethnic groups of patients are needed so as to reveal the extent of the herein observed genetic association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthoula Chatzikyriakidou
- Laboratory of General Biology and Genetics, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Paraskevi V Voulgari
- Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Alexandros A Drosos
- Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
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Xie Z, Chang C, Zhou Z. Molecular Mechanisms in Autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes: a Critical Review. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2014; 47:174-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s12016-014-8422-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Lempainen J, Härkönen T, Laine A, Knip M, Ilonen J. Associations of polymorphisms in non-HLA loci with autoantibodies at the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes: INS and IKZF4 associate with insulin autoantibodies. Pediatr Diabetes 2013; 14:490-6. [PMID: 23721563 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE More than 50 loci outside the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region have been confirmed to affect type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk but their effect on β-cell autoimmunity is poorly defined. We analyzed the association of 35 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers previously associated with T1D with the presence of disease-predictive autoantibodies at the time of T1D diagnosis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The study cohort comprised 1554 children diagnosed with T1D before the age of 15 yr. The associations between various genotypes and positivity for antibodies against islet cells [islet cell antibodies (ICA)], insulin [insulin autoantibodies (IAA)], glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA), islet antigen 2 (IA2A), and zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8A) were analyzed. RESULTS INS gene polymorphism rs689 and IKZF4 polymorphism (rs1701704) were strongly associated with IAA positivity at the time of T1D diagnosis (p = 0.000004 and 0.00044, respectively). The presence of the T1D-risk conferring INS AA genotype was associated with IAA. In contrast, the presence of the susceptible C allele of the IKZF4 marker was inversely associated with IAA. The INS and IKZF4 polymorphisms were not significantly associated with ICA, GADA, IA2A, or ZnT8A positivity. CONCLUSIONS Both INS and IKZF4 polymorphisms modified the probability of IAA positivity at time of T1D onset but the inverse association of IKZF4 risk allele with IAA suggests that the IKZF4 polymorphism is involved in a pathway of β-cell autoimmunity alternate to the route characterized by IAA and development of T1D in early childhood. The IKZF4 gene encodes Eos, which is implicated to play an important role in Treg programming where this gene might exert its influence on T1D risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lempainen
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Soleimanpour SA, Stoffers DA. The pancreatic β cell and type 1 diabetes: innocent bystander or active participant? Trends Endocrinol Metab 2013; 24:324-31. [PMID: 23647931 PMCID: PMC3908840 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2013.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Revised: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic disease resulting from destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β cells. Genetic and environmental factors contribute to T1DM onset. Use of high-throughput DNA sequencing has allowed geneticists to perform genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to identify novel gene loci associated with T1DM. Interestingly, >50% of these genes encode products that are expressed in β cells. These studies, coupled with emerging molecular evidence that β cells are impaired by gain-of-function or loss-of-function of these loci, suggest an active role for the β cell in eliciting its own demise. Although immune dysregulation plays a vital role in T1DM pathogenesis, understanding the mechanisms contributing to β cell failure may lead to new strategies to preserve or improve β cell function in patients with T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Soleimanpour
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, and the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Andersen MLM, Rasmussen MA, Pörksen S, Svensson J, Vikre-Jørgensen J, Thomsen J, Hertel NT, Johannesen J, Pociot F, Petersen JS, Hansen L, Mortensen HB, Nielsen LB. Complex multi-block analysis identifies new immunologic and genetic disease progression patterns associated with the residual β-cell function 1 year after diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64632. [PMID: 23755131 PMCID: PMC3674006 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study is to explore the progression of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in Danish children 12 months after diagnosis using Latent Factor Modelling. We include three data blocks of dynamic paraclinical biomarkers, baseline clinical characteristics and genetic profiles of diabetes related SNPs in the analyses. This method identified a model explaining 21.6% of the total variation in the data set. The model consists of two components: (1) A pattern of declining residual β-cell function positively associated with young age, presence of diabetic ketoacidosis and long duration of disease symptoms (P = 0.0004), and with risk alleles of WFS1, CDKN2A/2B and RNLS (P = 0.006). (2) A second pattern of high ZnT8 autoantibody levels and low postprandial glucagon levels associated with risk alleles of IFIH1, TCF2, TAF5L, IL2RA and PTPN2 and protective alleles of ERBB3 gene (P = 0.0005). These results demonstrate that Latent Factor Modelling can identify associating patterns in clinical prospective data – future functional studies will be needed to clarify the relevance of these patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Louise Max Andersen
- Department of Pediatrics, Herlev Hospital, Faculty of Health Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Liang Y, Liu M, Wang P, Ding X, Cao Y. Analysis of 20 genes at chromosome band 12q13:RACGAP1andMCRS1overexpression in nonsmall-cell lung cancer. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2012; 52:305-15. [DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2012] [Revised: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Recent identification of over 60 loci contributing to the susceptibility of developing type 1 diabetes (T1D) provides a timely opportunity to assess what is currently known of the genetics of T1D, and what these discoveries may tell us about the disease itself. RECENT FINDINGS The major findings will be discussed under five main themes: T1D risk gene identification, molecular mechanisms of susceptibility, shared genetic cause with other diseases, development of novel analytical methods, and understanding disease heterogeneity. SUMMARY The plethora of T1D risk genes that have been identified risk overwhelming clinicians with lists of gene names and symbols that have little bearing on management, and provide a challenge for researchers to place the genetics of T1D in a more amenable clinical context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant Morahan
- Centre for Diabetes Research, The Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
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