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Małujło-Balcerska E, Pietras T. Adipocytokines levels as potential biomarkers for discriminating patients with a diagnosis of depressive disorder from healthy controls. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 171:163-170. [PMID: 38290234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressive disorder is a complex mental health condition in which the etiopathogenesis involves several factors. Suitable biomarkers for the development of depression have not yet been established. Alterations in cytokines are assumed to be involved in the pathophysiology of depressive disorder. Adipokines (also known as adipocytokines) are important factors that not only regulate the energy balance but also regulate the inflammatory and immune responses. This study investigated the serum levels of adiponectin, leptin, resistin, chemerin, and fetuin A and the possible role of these adipokines in depressive disorder. METHODS We recruited a total of 73 patients diagnosed with recurrent depressive disorder (rDD) and 54 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). Serum adipocytokines were determined using ELISA kits (R&D, USA). The serum levels of the investigated molecules between depressive patients and HCs were compared, and diagnostic values were evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve method for discriminating depressive patients from HCs. Correlations between the molecules and clinical variables were also evaluated. RESULTS Patients with rDD had lower levels of serum adiponectin and chemerin and higher levels of serum leptin, resistin and fetuin A (p < 0.05) vs. controls. Moreover, ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) values of above set of adipocytkines were >0.7, with a sensitivity and specificity over 80% in discriminating patients with rDD from HCs. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that circulating adipocytokies may hold promise as biomarkers for the diagnosis of rDD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tadeusz Pietras
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Łódź, Poland; Second Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
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2
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Borja-Magno A, Guevara-Cruz M, Flores-López A, Carrillo-Domínguez S, Granados J, Arias C, Perry M, Sears B, Bourges H, Gómez FE. Differential effects of high dose omega-3 fatty acids on metabolism and inflammation in patients with obesity: eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid supplementation. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1156995. [PMID: 37215211 PMCID: PMC10196397 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1156995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is complicated by low-grade chronic inflammation characterised by increases in inflammatory proteins and cells in peripheral blood. It has been known that omega-3 fatty acids (FA) like eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) could modulate the inflammatory process and improve metabolic markers. Objective This study aimed to determine the effect of high-dose omega-3 FA on metabolic and inflammatory markers among patients with obesity and healthy volunteers. Methods This prospective study included 12 women with obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 35.0 kg/m2) and 12 healthy women (BMI < 24.0 kg/m2) who were supplemented with a dose of 4.8 g/day (3.2 g EPA plus 1.6 g DHA) for 3 months followed by no treatment for 1 month. Plasma metabolic and inflammatory markers and levels of mRNA transcripts of CD4+ T lymphocyte subsets were determined monthly. Results None of the participants exhibited changes in weight or body composition after study completion. EPA and DHA supplementation improved metabolic (insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance [HOMA-IR], triglyceride [TG]/ high-density lipoprotein [HDL] ratio, TG, and arachidonic acid [AA]/EPA ratio) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Moreover, the levels of mRNA transcripts of T CD4+ lymphocyte subsets (TBX21, IFNG, GATA-3, interleukin [IL]-4, FOXP3, IL-10 IL-6, and TNF-α), were down-regulated during the intervention phase. After 1 month without supplementation, only insulin, HOMA-IR and the mRNA transcripts remained low, whereas all other markers returned to their levels before supplementation. Conclusion Supplementation with high-dose omega-3 FAs could modulate metabolism and inflammation in patients with obesity without weight loss or changes in body composition. However, these modulatory effects were ephemeral and with clear differential effects: short-duration on metabolism and long-lasting on inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Borja-Magno
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Martha Guevara-Cruz
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adriana Flores-López
- Servicio de Nutriología Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Silvia Carrillo-Domínguez
- Departamento de Nutrición Animal, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Julio Granados
- Departamento de Trasplantes, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Clorinda Arias
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mary Perry
- Inflammation Research Foundation, Peabody, MA, United States
| | - Barry Sears
- Inflammation Research Foundation, Peabody, MA, United States
| | - Hector Bourges
- Dirección de Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - F. Enrique Gómez
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
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3
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Okutucu M, Arpa M. Evaluation of serum semaphorin 3A and interleukin 6 levels in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome. Int Ophthalmol 2022; 43:1995-2002. [DOI: 10.1007/s10792-022-02599-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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4
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Wakabayashi I, Sotoda Y, Groschner K, Rainer PP, Sourij H. Differences in circulating obesity-related microRNAs in Austrian and Japanese men: A two-country cohort analysis. Metabol Open 2022; 15:100206. [PMID: 36065413 PMCID: PMC9440426 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2022.100206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of obesity is higher in Western countries than in East Asian countries. It remains unknown whether microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the pathogenesis of the ethnic difference in obesity. The purpose of this study was to determine whether expression levels of circulating obesity-associated miRNAs are different in Europeans and Asians. Methods The subjects were middle-aged healthy male Austrians (n = 20, mean age of 49.9 years) and Japanese (n = 20, mean age of 48.7 years). Total miRNAs in serum from each subject were analyzed using the 3D-Gene miRNA Oligo chip. miRNAs that showed significant differences between the Austrian and Japanese groups were uploaded into Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). Results Among 16 miRNAs that were revealed to be associated with obesity in previous studies and showed expression levels that were high enough for a reasonable comparison, serum levels of 3 miRNAs displayed significant differences between the Austrian and Japanese groups: miR-125b-1-3p was significantly lower with a fold change of −2.94 and miR-20a-5p and miR-486–5p were significantly higher with fold changes of 1.73 and 2.38, respectively, in Austrians than in Japanese. In IPA including all 392 miRNAs that showed significant differences between Austrians and Japanese, three canonical pathways including leptin signaling in obesity, adipogenesis pathway and white adipose tissue browning pathway were identified as enriched pathways. Conclusions miRNAs are thought to be involved in the ethnic difference in the prevalence of obesity, which may in part be caused by different expression levels of miR-125b-1-3p, miR-20a-5p and miR-486–5p. Ethnic difference in circulating obesity-related microRNAs (miRs) were investigated. Levels of 2565 miRs in blood were compared between Austrians and Japanese. miR-125b-1-3p, −20a-5p and -486–5p levels were significantly different between them. Significant ethnic differences were found in blood levels of 392 miRs. These miRs target the molecules comprising obesity-related three canonical pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Wakabayashi
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan
- Corresponding author. Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Mukogawa-cho 1-1, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan.
| | - Yoko Sotoda
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yamagata Saisei Hospital, Yamagata, 990-8545, Japan
| | - Klaus Groschner
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/D04, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Peter P. Rainer
- Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Sourij
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
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5
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Sezgin G, Kar F, Uslu S. The effect of nutrition and exercise training on irisin and semaphorin-3E levels in obese patients. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:558-567. [PMID: 32569480 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1779310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to firstly examine the effects of nutrition and exercise training on irisin, Sema-3E, biochemical and inflammatory parameters in obese patients. This study was conducted using 37 individuals were divided into three groups according to body mass index (BMI) as non-obese, 1nd degree and 2nd degree obese individuals. Nutrition and exercise training were applied to groups for eight weeks. Insulin resistance decreased in non-obese and 1st degree obese subjects. HsCRP values decreased only in the second degree obese individuals. Adiponectin values were significantly decreased in all three groups. There was a negative correlation between serum adiponectin and plasma irisin levels both before and after treatment. Sema-3E levels increased significantly in only the first degree obese individuals, whereas plexin-D1 values did not change significantly in any group. Our findings indicate that nutrition and exercise training we apply improved both anthropometric measurements and biochemical parameters in obese and non-obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülay Sezgin
- Department of Nutrition and Diet, Istanbul Taksim Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatih Kar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Sema Uslu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Adipokines as Immune Cell Modulators in Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910845. [PMID: 34639186 PMCID: PMC8509121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), is a major clinical and societal problem, which has a tremendous impact on the life of patients and their proxies. Current immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory therapies prove to be relatively effective; however, they fail to concomitantly stop ongoing neurological deterioration and do not reverse acquired disability. The proportion to which genetic and environmental factors contribute to the etiology of MS is still incompletely understood; however, a recent association between MS etiology and obesity was shown, with obesity greatly increasing the risk of developing MS. An altered balance of adipokines, which are white adipose tissue (WAT) hormones, plays an important role in the low-grade chronic inflammation during obesity by their pervasive modification of local and systemic inflammation. Vice versa, inflammatory factors secreted by immune cells affect adipokine function. To explore the role of adipokines in MS pathology, we will here review the reciprocal effects of adipokines and immune cells and summarize alterations in adipokine levels in MS patient cohorts. Finally, we will discuss proof-of-concept studies demonstrating the therapeutic potential of adipokines to target both neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration processes in MS.
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Sattarinezhad A, Rasekhi Kazerouni A, Omrani GR, Shams M. Determinants of serum adiponectin levels: a cross-sectional study. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2021; 42:321-324. [PMID: 33787190 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2020-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To review non-surgical prevention strategies in women with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndromes. CONTENT Women with a gBRCA1 or 2 mutations face a high cumulative breast and ovarian cancer risk. While bilateral mastectomy (PBM) and bilateral salpingo-oophrectomy (PBSO) profoundly reduce the respective cancer risks, they are also associated with considerable side effects. There is therefore an urgent need for alternative and non-surgical risk reduction options. Tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors have both been evaluated in secondary prevention, but their benefit in primary prevention is currently unknown in BRCA mutation carriers. In addition, their use is compromised by their side effect profile which makes them less appealing for a use in chemoprevention. SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK Denosumab is a well-tolerated osteoprotective drug, which has been demonstrated to have a potential preventive effect particularly in BRCA1-deficient models in vitro. The prospectively randomized double-blind BRCA-P trial is currently investigating the preventative effect of denosumab in healthy BRCA1 germ line mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azar Sattarinezhad
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | | | - Mesbah Shams
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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8
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Skrypnik D, Skrypnik K, Pelczyńska M, Sobieska M, Tinkov AA, Suliburska J, Bogdański P. The effect of Plantago major supplementation on leptin and VEGF-A serum levels, endothelial dysfunction and angiogenesis in obese women - a randomised trial. Food Funct 2021; 12:1708-1718. [PMID: 33502416 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01878c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with increased serum leptin level, endothelial dysfunction and angiogenesis. In vitro studies have shown that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) synthesis is increased by leptin. Animal studies revealed the effectiveness of Plantago supplementation treatment of obesity. The study aim was to evaluate the effect of Plantago major supplementation on serum leptin and VEGF blood concentration, endothelial dysfunction and angiogenesis in obese women. Seventy-two obese women received oral Plantago major supplement (Plantago group, n = 35) or placebo (placebo group, n = 37) for 12 weeks. At baseline and after completion, anthropometric and body composition measurements were performed, and blood samples were collected. Serum concentrations of leptin, VEGF-A, adiponectin, tumour necrosis factor α and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule have been determined. At completion, the leptin level was higher in the Plantago group (39 781.55 ± 20 360.73 pg ml-1) compared to both the baseline (36 138.71 ± 25 401.51 pg ml-1) and placebo group (30 502.81 ± 19 003.18 pg ml-1). Also, leptin concentration in the Plantago group at completion correlated positively with an increase in VEGF-A level (R = 0.45), and baseline VEGF-A level correlated negatively with the increase in leptin concentration (R = -0.47). Plantago major supplementation increases leptin serum level, enhances leptin influence on VEGF-A serum level increase and by this mechanism may intensify endothelial dysfunction and angiogenesis in obese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Skrypnik
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego St 84, 60-569 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Skrypnik
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego St 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | - Marta Pelczyńska
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego St 84, 60-569 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Sobieska
- Department of Physiotherapy, Chair for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 28. Czerwca 1956r St 135/147, 61-545 Poznań, Poland
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- Department of Medical Elementology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow 117198, Russia. and Laboratory of Biotechnology and Applied Bioelementology, Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl 150003, Russia and Laboratory of Molecular Dietology, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119146, Russia
| | - Joanna Suliburska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego St 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł Bogdański
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego St 84, 60-569 Poznań, Poland.
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9
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Foula WH, Emara RH, Eldeeb MK, Mokhtar SA, El-Sahn FA. Effect of a weight loss program on serum adiponectin and insulin resistance among overweight and obese premenopausal females. J Egypt Public Health Assoc 2020; 95:32. [PMID: 33259020 PMCID: PMC7708549 DOI: 10.1186/s42506-020-00060-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity has emerged as a public health crisis in many populations including Egypt. Adipose tissue produces a number of adipokines, one of them is adiponectin which has attracted much attention because of its antidiabetic and antiatherogenic effects. OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of a weight loss program on serum adiponectin level and insulin resistance among overweight and obese adult premenopausal females. STUDY DESIGN A pre-postintervention study was carried out among 95 premenopausal overweight and obese females (body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2) aged 20 to 40 years at the integrated health clinic affiliated to the High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria, Egypt, from February 2016 to February 2017. All participants underwent a weight loss program based on a reduced calorie balanced diet and advised to increase their physical activity. Dietary instructions and follow-up were done weekly throughout 16 weeks. Blood samples were collected to investigate serum adiponectin level and insulin resistance at the beginning and the end of the intervention. RESULTS After 16 weeks, a significant decrease in body weight by 9.7% was associated with a significant increase in serum adiponectin from 13.3 ± 4.9 μg/ml to 18.5 ± 5.6 μg/ml. Both fasting insulin and insulin resistance had decreased significantly by 13.6% and 13.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION A weight reduction program depending on a reduced calorie diet for 16 weeks was associated with a significant increase in total adiponectin level and reduction in insulin resistance. An emphasis on the importance of keeping normal weight through nutritional education and the promotion of healthy diets is recommended to reduce the risk of occurrence of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa H Foula
- Nutrition Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Rana H Emara
- Nutrition Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mona K Eldeeb
- Chemical Pathology Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Samiha A Mokhtar
- Biostatistics Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Fikrat A El-Sahn
- Nutrition Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The age-related accumulation of bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) negatively impacts bone metabolism and hematopoiesis. This review provides an overview about BMAT-secreted factors as biomarkers for BMAT accumulation and osteoporosis risk. RECENT FINDINGS The adipokines leptin and adiponectin are regulators of BMAT. It remains to be clarified if locally produced adipokines substantially contribute to their peripheral serum levels and if they influence bone metabolism beyond that of extraosseous adipokine production. Existing data also suggests that BMAT disturbs bone metabolism primarily through palmitate-mediated toxic effects on osteoblasts and osteocytes, including dysregulated autophagy and apoptosis. BMAT-secreted factors are important modulators of bone metabolism. However, the majority of our understanding about MAT-secreted factors and their paracrine and endocrine effects is derived from in vitro studies and animal experiments. Therefore, more research is needed before BMAT-secreted biomarkers can be applied in medical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Herrmann
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15/1, 8036, Graz, Austria.
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11
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Martinez-Huenchullan SF, Ban LA, Olaya-Agudo LF, Maharjan BR, Williams PF, Tam CS, Mclennan SV, Twigg SM. Constant-Moderate and High-Intensity Interval Training Have Differential Benefits on Insulin Sensitive Tissues in High-Fat Fed Mice. Front Physiol 2019; 10:459. [PMID: 31105582 PMCID: PMC6494961 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In a mouse model of diet-induced obesity, this study determined if two exercise prescriptions with equivalent time and distance covered, [constant-moderate endurance (END) and high intensity interval training (HIIT)], exert differential metabolic benefits on insulin sensitive tissues. Male 10 week old C57BL/6 mice were fed a high fat diet (HFD; 45% kcal fat) ad libitum for 10 weeks and for a further 10 weeks they underwent END or HIIT training (3 × 40 min sessions/wk). Untrained HFD and chow-fed mice acted as controls. At 30 weeks of age, mice were sacrificed and quadriceps muscle, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and liver were excised. Neither END nor HIIT altered body weight or composition in HFD mice. In quadriceps, HFD decreased high-molecular weight adiponectin protein, which was normalized by END and HIIT. In contrast, HIIT but not END reversed the HFD-driven decrease in the adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1). In SAT, both programs tended to decrease collagen VI protein (p = 0.07–0.08) in HFD, whereas only HIIT induced an increase in the mRNA (3-fold vs. HFD untrained) and protein (2-fold vs. HFD untrained) of UCP1. In liver, only END reversed collagen I accumulation seen in HFD untrained mice. Our results suggest that HIIT may promote better systemic metabolic changes, compared to END, which may be the result of the normalization of muscle AdipoR1 and increased UCP1 seen in SAT. However, END was more effective in normalizing liver changes, suggesting differential metabolic effects of END and HIIT in different tissues during obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio F Martinez-Huenchullan
- Greg Brown Diabetes & Endocrinology Research Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Linda A Ban
- Greg Brown Diabetes & Endocrinology Research Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Luisa F Olaya-Agudo
- Greg Brown Diabetes & Endocrinology Research Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Babu Raja Maharjan
- Greg Brown Diabetes & Endocrinology Research Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Paul F Williams
- Greg Brown Diabetes & Endocrinology Research Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Charmaine S Tam
- Northern Clinical School and Centre for Translational Data Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Susan V Mclennan
- Greg Brown Diabetes & Endocrinology Research Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,NSW Health Pathology, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen M Twigg
- Greg Brown Diabetes & Endocrinology Research Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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12
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Myte R, Gylling B, Häggström J, Häggström C, Zingmark C, Löfgren Burström A, Palmqvist R, Van Guelpen B. Metabolic factors and the risk of colorectal cancer by KRAS and BRAF mutation status. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:327-337. [PMID: 30613980 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Factors related to energy metabolism and the metabolic syndrome, such as higher body mass index (BMI), blood glucose, or blood lipids, and blood pressure, are associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, CRC is a heterogeneous disease, developing through distinct pathways with differences in molecular characteristics and prognosis, and possibly also in risk factors. For subtypes defined by KRAS and BRAF mutation status, BMI is the only metabolic factor previously studied, with inconsistent findings. We investigated whether associations between BMI, blood glucose, blood lipids, and blood pressure and CRC risk differed by tumor KRAS and BRAF mutation status in 117,687 participants from two population-based cohorts within the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study (NSHDS). Hazard ratios (HRs) for overall CRC and CRC subtypes by metabolic factors were estimated with Cox proportional hazards regression, using multiple imputation to handle missing exposure and tumor data. During a median follow-up of 15.6 years, we acquired 1,250 prospective CRC cases, of which 766 cases had complete baseline and molecular tumor data. Consistent with previous evidence, higher BMI, total cholesterol, triglyceride levels, and blood pressure were associated with an increased risk of overall CRC (HRs per 1 standard deviation increase: 1.07 to 1.12). These associations were similar regardless of CRC subtype by KRAS and BRAF mutation status (all pheterogeneity > 0.05). The same was true for subtypes based on microsatellite instability status. Poor metabolic health may therefore be a universal mechanism for colorectal cancer, acting across multiple developmental pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Myte
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Björn Gylling
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jenny Häggström
- Department of Statistics, Umeå School of Business and Economics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Christel Häggström
- Department of Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carl Zingmark
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Richard Palmqvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Bethany Van Guelpen
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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13
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Oluwagbemigun K, Buyken AE, Alexy U, Schmid M, Herder C, Nöthlings U. Developmental trajectories of body mass index from childhood into late adolescence and subsequent late adolescence-young adulthood cardiometabolic risk markers. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2019; 18:9. [PMID: 30660185 PMCID: PMC6339359 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-019-0813-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reports on body mass index (BMI) trajectories from childhood into late adolescence, their determinants, and subsequent cardiometabolic risk markers, particularly among European populations have been few. Moreover, sex-specific investigation is necessary considering the sex difference in BMI, and the sex-specific association between BMI and some cardiometabolic risk markers. Methods Using a sample from the DOrtmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed study, we explored sex-specific trajectories of the BMI standard deviation score (SDS) from 4 to 18 years of age in 354 males and 335 females by latent (class) growth models. The determinants of trajectory were assessed by logistic regression. We identified cardiometabolic risk markers that were highly associated with BMI SDS trajectory by random forest regression, and finally we used generalized linear models to investigate differences in the identified cardiometabolic risk markers between pairs of trajectories. Results We observed four: ‘low-normal weight’, ‘mid-normal weight’, ‘high-normal weight’, and ‘overweight’, and three: ‘‘low-normal weight’, ‘mid-normal weight’, and ‘high-normal weight’ trajectories in males and females, respectively. Higher maternal prepregnancy BMI was associated with the ‘overweight’ trajectory, and with ‘high-normal weight’ trajectory in both sexes. In addition, employed mothers and first-born status were associated with ‘high-normal weight’ trajectory in females. BMI SDS trajectory was associated with high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and interleukin-18 (IL-18) in males, and diastolic blood pressure and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in females. However, only males following the ‘overweight’ trajectory had significantly higher IL-18 when compared to their ‘low-normal weight’ counterpart. Conclusions We identified sex-specific distinct trajectories of BMI SDS from childhood into late adolescence, higher maternal prepregnancy BMI as a common determinant of the ‘high-normal weight’ and ‘overweight’ trajectories, and ‘overweight’ trajectory being associated with elevated IL-18 in late adolescence–young adulthood. This study emphasizes the role of maternal prepregnancy BMI in overweight, and highlights IL-18 as a cardiometabolic signature of overweight across life. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12933-019-0813-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kolade Oluwagbemigun
- Nutritional Epidemiology, DONALD Study, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Anette E Buyken
- Institute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University Paderborn, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Ute Alexy
- Nutritional Epidemiology, DONALD Study, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Herder
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Nutritional Epidemiology, DONALD Study, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Khabour OF, Alomari MA, Abu Obaid AA. The Relationship of adiponectin level and ADIPOQ gene variants with BMI among young adult women. DERMATO-ENDOCRINOLOGY 2018; 10:e1477902. [PMID: 30574262 PMCID: PMC6298696 DOI: 10.1080/19381980.2018.1477902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The current study examined the effect of single nucleotide (SNPs) polymorphisms in the ADIPOQ gene (I146T and G276T) on body mass index (BMI) of young adult women. The women were divided into underweight, normal, overweight and obese according to BMI. The circulating levels of adiponectin were measured using commercially available ELISA kits. Genetic polymorphisms were genotyped using the PCR-RFLP method. G276T and I164T SNPs are common in the examined population as the frequency of G allele of 276 SNP was 54.8% and for the T allele of 164 SNP it was 41.7%. Circulating adiponectin levels were related to BMI and were lowest in the obese versus overweight, normal weight and underweight groups (p<0.01). However, ADIPOQ gene SNPs (I146T and G276T) showed no association with BMI groups. In conclusion, the results may suggest that adiponectin level, but not ADIPOQ gene SNPs, is a good indicator to BMI in young adult women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar F Khabour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan 22110
| | - Mahmoud A Alomari
- Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan 22110
| | - Asmaa A Abu Obaid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan 22110
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15
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Awede B, Adovoekpe D, Adehan G, MacFarlane NG, Azonbakin S, Dossou E, Amoussou‐Guenou M, Djrolo F. Adiponectin, in contrast to leptin, is not associated with body mass index, waist circumference and HOMA-IR in subjects of a west-African population. Physiol Rep 2018; 6:e13718. [PMID: 29890036 PMCID: PMC5995307 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Factors associated with plasma levels of adiponectin and leptin were studied in adult subjects without diabetes from Cotonou in Benin (West-Africa). Seventy (70) men and 45 women were included in the study. Anthropometric variables were measured and a venous blood sample was drawn from each subject, after an overnight fasting period, for measurement of plasma glucose, insulin, leptin, and adiponectin levels. HOMA-IR was determined to assess insulin resistance. Adiponectin and leptin levels were higher in women than in men (with adiponectin 18.48 ± 12.77 vs.7.8 ± 10.39 μg/mL, P < 0.0001, and leptin 30.77 ± 19.16 vs. 8.66 ± 8.24 ng/mL, P < 0.0001). Fasting insulin level and HOMA-IR were also higher in the females. Hyperleptinemia was observed in 66,96% of subjects and hypoadiponectinemia was present in 44.35% of subjects. In both men and women, leptin correlated with age (r = 0.2; P = 0.02), BMI (r = 0.572; P < 0.0001), waist circumference (r = 0.534; P < 0.0001), fasting insulin (r = 0.461; P < 0.001), and HOMA-IR (r = 0.430; P < 0.0001). No significant correlation was observed for adiponectin levels with these variables. Only in women, adiponectin was inversely correlated with fasting glucose (r = -0.423; P < 0.004). These data confirm previous descriptions of leptin but suggest that variations in factors determining serum adiponectin levels observed between ethnicities could also been seen between populations from the same ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonaventure Awede
- Unité de PhysiologieFaculté des Sciences de la Santé (FSS)Université d'Abomey‐CalaviCotonouBenin
| | - Diane Adovoekpe
- Unité de PhysiologieFaculté des Sciences de la Santé (FSS)Université d'Abomey‐CalaviCotonouBenin
| | - Grace Adehan
- Unité de Biophysique et de Médecine NucléaireFaculté des Sciences de la SantéUniversité d'Abomey‐CalaviCotonouBenin
| | - Niall G. MacFarlane
- School of Life SciencesCollege of MedicalVeterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUnited Kingdom
| | - Simon Azonbakin
- Unité de Biologie HumaineFaculté des Sciences de la SantéUniversité d'Abomey‐CalaviCotonouBenin
| | - Emmanuel Dossou
- Unité de PhysiologieFaculté des Sciences de la Santé (FSS)Université d'Abomey‐CalaviCotonouBenin
| | - Marcellin Amoussou‐Guenou
- Unité de Biophysique et de Médecine NucléaireFaculté des Sciences de la SantéUniversité d'Abomey‐CalaviCotonouBenin
| | - François Djrolo
- Unité d'Endocrinologie et de NutritionFaculté des Sciences de la SantéUniversité d'Abomey‐CalaviCotonouBenin
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16
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Martinez‐Huenchullan SF, Maharjan BR, Williams PF, Tam CS, Mclennan SV, Twigg SM. Differential metabolic effects of constant moderate versus high intensity interval training in high-fat fed mice: possible role of muscle adiponectin. Physiol Rep 2018; 6:e13599. [PMID: 29446245 PMCID: PMC5812883 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise regimens may have differing effects in the presence of obesity. In addition to being fat derived, adiponectin has recently been described as a myokine that regulates insulin sensitivity, which may link to exercise-related metabolic benefits in obesity. Whether skeletal muscle adiponectin varies in different exercise modalities is unclear. This study investigated the comparative effects of 10 weeks of endurance constant-moderate intensity exercise (END) with high intensity interval training (HIIT), on metabolic outcomes, including muscle adiponectin in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. Ten-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) (45% FAT) or standard CHOW diet ab libitum and underwent one of three training regimes: (1) no exercise, (2) END, or (3) HIIT (8 bouts of 2.5 min with eight periods of rest of 2.5 min) for 10 weeks (3 × 40 min sessions/week). Chow-fed mice acted as controls. Compared with HFD alone, both training programs similarly protected against body weight gain (HFD = 45 ± 2; END = 37 ± 2; HIIT = 36 ± 2 g), preserved lean/fat tissue mass ratio (HFD = 0.64 ± 0.09; END = 0.34 ± 0.13; HIIT = 0.33 ± 0.13), and improved blood glucose excursion during an insulin tolerance test (HFD = 411 ± 54; END = 350 ± 57; HIIT = 320 ± 66 arbitrary units [AU]). Alterations in fasting glycemia, insulinemia, and AST/ALT ratios were prevented only by END. END, but not HIIT increased skeletal muscle adiponectin mRNA (14-fold; P < 0.05) and increased protein content of high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin (3.3-fold), whereas HIIT induced a milder increase (2.4-fold). Compared with HFD, neither END nor HIIT altered circulating low (LMW) or high (HMW) molecular weight adiponectin forms. Furthermore, only END prevented the HFD downregulation of PGC1α (P < 0.05) mRNA levels downstream of muscle adiponectin. These data show that different training programs affect muscle adiponectin to differing degrees. Together these results suggest that END is a more effective regimen to prevent HFD-induced metabolic disturbances in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio F. Martinez‐Huenchullan
- Greg Brown Diabetes & Endocrinology LaboratorySydney Medical SchoolUniversity of SydneySydneyAustralia
- Faculty of MedicineSchool of Physical TherapyUniversidad Austral de ChileValdiviaChile
| | - Babu Raja Maharjan
- Greg Brown Diabetes & Endocrinology LaboratorySydney Medical SchoolUniversity of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Paul F. Williams
- Greg Brown Diabetes & Endocrinology LaboratorySydney Medical SchoolUniversity of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Charmaine S. Tam
- Northern Clinical School and Centre for Translational Data ScienceUniversity of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Susan V. Mclennan
- Greg Brown Diabetes & Endocrinology LaboratorySydney Medical SchoolUniversity of SydneySydneyAustralia
- New South Wales Health PathologySydneyAustralia
| | - Stephen M. Twigg
- Greg Brown Diabetes & Endocrinology LaboratorySydney Medical SchoolUniversity of SydneySydneyAustralia
- Department of EndocrinologyRoyal Prince Alfred HospitalSydneyAustralia
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17
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Abdalla MMI, Soon SC. Salivary adiponectin concentration in healthy adult males in relation to anthropometric measures and fat distribution. Endocr Regul 2017; 51:185-192. [DOI: 10.1515/enr-2017-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives. Body fat content, fat distribution, and adiponectin level are important variables in the development of obesity related complications. Anthropometric indices may provide an economic and faster method in measuring the risk for complications through their predictive effect of fat distribution and adiponectin concentration. We aimed to determine, which of the waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and body mass index (BMI) may be the best predictor for the total fat percentage (WF), visceral fat level (VF), and subcutaneous whole-body fat (SCWBF). We aimed also to investigate the potential use of the anthropometric measures and fat distribution as predictors for the salivary adiponectin level in the healthy adult males. Subjects. A total of 88 adult males aged between 18−25 years with a wide range of BMI were studied. Anthropometric indices were measured using standardized methods and salivary adiponectin level was assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results. In path analysis of the Structural Equation Model (SEM) using IBM@SPSS AMOS, version22, BMI and WC, but not WHR, were strong predictors for WF and SCWBF (p<0.05). BMI but not WC was a strong predictor for VF (p<0.001). WF was strong predictor for SCWBF (p<0.001), but not for VF. BMI, WC, WHR, WF, VF, and SCWBF were poor predictors of the salivary adiponectin level. Conclusion. BMI is the best predictor for the total body fat and fat distribution. However, WHR seems to be of a little value and the salivary adiponectin level independent of BMI and body fat in healthy adult Malay males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Mohamed Ibrahim Abdalla
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, MAHSA University, Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia , Egypt
| | - S. C. Soon
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, MAHSA University, Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
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18
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Parker WA, Mchiza ZJ, Sewpaul R, Job N, Chola L, Sithole M, Labadarios D. The impact of sociodemography, diet, and body size on serum retinol in women 16-35 years of age: SANHANES-1. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017; 1416:48-65. [PMID: 29125179 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To determine the current vitamin A status of a nationally representative sample of women aged 16-35 years, compare it with previous national data, and determine the impact of sociodemography, diet, and body size on vitamin A status, we performed secondary analysis of data on South African women who participated in the first South African National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (SANHANES-1). Vitamin A status was assessed by serum retinol, and the findings are reported as means and prevalences with corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Overall, the age-standardized vitamin A deficiency prevalence was 11.7%, a decrease from previous national data, but serum retinol levels remained lower than in other developing countries. Overall, unweighted, multilevel, multivariate logistic regression showed that vitamin A deficiency was influenced by race only (odds ratio (OR) = 1.89, P = 0.031), while weighted multiple logistic regression for 16- to 18-year-olds showed that vitamin A deficiency was influenced by locality (OR = 9.83, P = 0.005) and household income (intermediate (OR = 0.2, P = 0.022) and upper (OR = 0.25, P = 0.049)). Despite the decreased prevalence, vitamin A deficiency remains a moderate public health problem in the country. Opportunities for targeted interventions have been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whadi-Ah Parker
- Population Health, Health Systems and Innovation, Human Sciences Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Zandile J Mchiza
- Population Health, Health Systems and Innovation, Human Sciences Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ronel Sewpaul
- Population Health, Health Systems and Innovation, Human Sciences Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nophiwe Job
- Population Health, Health Systems and Innovation, Human Sciences Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lumbwe Chola
- PRICELESS SA, University of Witwatersrand School of Public Health, Parktown, South Africa
| | - Moses Sithole
- Centre for Science, Technology and Innovation Indicators, Human Sciences Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Demetre Labadarios
- Population Health, Health Systems and Innovation, Human Sciences Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
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19
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Circulating leptin and adiponectin concentrations in healthy exceptional longevity. Mech Ageing Dev 2017; 162:129-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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20
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Yen CH, Ho PS, Yeh YW, Liang CS, Kuo SC, Huang CC, Chen CY, Shih MC, Ma KH, Sung YF, Lu RB, Huang SY. Differential cytokine levels between early withdrawal and remission states in patients with alcohol dependence. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2017; 76:183-191. [PMID: 27951519 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol dependence (AD) leads to altered innate and adaptive immune responses, and frequently co-occurs with inflammation. Therefore, inflammatory cytokines potentially play a crucial role in the development of alcohol-related illnesses. This study evaluated changes in plasma cytokine concentrations, liver function, cravings, depression severity, and cognitive function in male patients with AD, during the course of an alcohol-detoxification program. A total of 78 male patients with AD were recruited for a conservative detoxification program; and cytokine levels, depressive score, and cognitive impairment applying the Trail Making Test (TMT) were evaluated during early withdrawal (baseline) and after 4 weeks of abstinence from alcohol. Healthy volunteers (86 males) were also recruited as controls. Inflammatory cytokine expression in all participants was assessed by multiplex magnetic bead assay. AD patients during early withdrawal demonstrated higher cytokine levels than the healthy controls (P≤0.001 for all cytokines). However, the levels of cytokine expression were significantly lower after 4 weeks of abstinence from alcohol (P≤0.001, except for IL-1β and IL-5). Higher liver function marker levels, depressive severity, and TMT times were observed in patients at the beginning of the detoxification program than in healthy controls. Fortunately, these functions significantly ameliorated after 4 weeks of abstinence. (P≤0.001). Levels of circulating cytokines, liver function, and cognitive function may markers of alcohol use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Hung Yen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine,Chiayi Yang-Ming Hospital,Chiayi, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Shen Ho
- Department of Psychiatry, Beitou Branch, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Wei Yeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Sung Liang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Psychiatry, Beitou Branch, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shin-Chang Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chang-Chih Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Branch, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chun-Yen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Mei-Chen Shih
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kuo-Hsing Ma
- Department of Anatomy and Biology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yueh-Feng Sung
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ru-Band Lu
- Institute of Behavior Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - San-Yuan Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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21
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Jonas MI, Kurylowicz A, Bartoszewicz Z, Lisik W, Jonas M, Domienik-Karlowicz J, Puzianowska-Kuznicka M. Adiponectin/resistin interplay in serum and in adipose tissue of obese and normal-weight individuals. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2017; 9:95. [PMID: 29213336 PMCID: PMC5709988 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-017-0293-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interplay between adiponectin and resistin, the two adipokines of opposite effects, may determine the metabolic profile of obese individuals and development of obesity-related complications. The current study was conducted to assess how adiponectin/resistin interplay in sera and adipose tissues may influence the metabolic profile of obese and normal-weight subjects. METHODS Concentrations of adiponectin and resistin were measured on protein level by immunoassay in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues from 50 obese (body mass index > 40 kg/m2) and 28 normal-weight (body mass index 20-24.9 kg/m2) individuals. Simultaneously expression of ADIPOQ and RETN (encoding adiponectin and resistin, respectively) was assessed on mRNA level by real-time PCR. RESULTS ADIPOQ mRNA (P = 0.0001) and adiponectin protein (P = 0.0013) levels were lower, while RETN mRNA (P = 0.0338) and resistin (P < 0.0001)-higher in subcutaneous adipose tissues of obese subjects. ADIPOQ and RETN mRNA levels did not correlate with protein concentrations in the investigated adipose tissues. In obesity adiponectin serum concentrations correlated positively with ADIPOQ mRNA in subcutaneous adipose tissue (P = 0.005) and negatively with protein levels in visceral adipose tissue (P = 0.001). Obesity was associated with higher adiponectin-resistin index value in sera (P < 0.0001) and decreased in subcutaneous adipose tissue (P < 0.001), but only adiponectin-resistin index measured in sera was significantly higher in obese with the metabolic syndrome (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Obesity affects synthesis of adiponectin and resistin mainly in subcutaneous adipose tissue. The adiponectin-resistin index assessed in the adipose tissues has a different prognostic value compared to the adiponectin-resistin index in serum and does not reflect a metabolic risk in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Izabela Jonas
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alina Kurylowicz
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Bartoszewicz
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Lisik
- Department of General and Transplantation Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, 59 Nowogrodzka Street, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maurycy Jonas
- Department of General and Transplantation Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, 59 Nowogrodzka Street, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Justyna Domienik-Karlowicz
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 5 Lindleya Street, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Puzianowska-Kuznicka
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, 99 Marymoncka Street, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
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Li S, Liu R, Arguelles L, Wang G, Zhang J, Shen X, Wang X. Adiposity trajectory and its associations with plasma adipokine levels in children and adolescents-A prospective cohort study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2016; 24:408-16. [PMID: 26704698 PMCID: PMC4731239 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the associations of longitudinal adiposity measures with two adipokines, leptin and adiponectin, and their ratio in children and adolescents. METHODS A total of 953 children and adolescents participated in a 6-year longitudinal study. Body mass index (BMI), percentage body fat (%BF), and fat mass index (FMI) were used to assess adiposity status. RESULTS After adjusting for possible confounders, our regression models revealed that BMI, %BF, and FMI, in both the baseline and follow-up surveys were independently associated with a higher level of leptin and the leptin/adiponectin ratio at the follow-up survey, whereas the significant association with adiponectin only partly existed in adiposity measures at the follow-up visit. Moreover, the longitudinal change in adiposity measures was found to be a significant predictor for follow-up plasma adipokine levels. Compared with the low→low group, the medium→medium group, up-trend group, and high→high group all showed a significantly increased level of leptin and leptin/adiponectin ratio. The up-trend group and high→high group also had significantly decreased adiponectin levels. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the importance of adiposity surveillance and the utility of adipokines as biomarkers for adverse metabolic consequences of childhood adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghui Li
- MOE - Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children’s Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Mary Ann & J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Memorial Hospital of Chicago and Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute (formerly Children’s Memorial Hospital and Children’s Memorial Research Center), Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lester Arguelles
- Mary Ann & J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Memorial Hospital of Chicago and Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute (formerly Children’s Memorial Hospital and Children’s Memorial Research Center), Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Guoying Wang
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jun Zhang
- MOE - Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children’s Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoming Shen
- MOE - Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children’s Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Qi Y, Purtell L, Fu M, Lee NJ, Aepler J, Zhang L, Loh K, Enriquez RF, Baldock PA, Zolotukhin S, Campbell LV, Herzog H. Snord116 is critical in the regulation of food intake and body weight. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18614. [PMID: 26726071 PMCID: PMC4698587 DOI: 10.1038/srep18614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is the predominant genetic cause of obesity in humans. Recent clinical reports have suggested that micro-deletion of the Snord116 gene cluster can lead to PWS, however, the extent of the contributions of the encoded snoRNAs is unknown. Here we show that mice lacking Snord116 globally have low birth weight, increased body weight gain, energy expenditure and hyperphagia. Consistent with this, microarray analysis of hypothalamic gene expression revealed a significant alteration in feeding related pathways that was also confirmed by in situ hybridisation. Importantly, selective deletion of Snord116 only from NPY expressing neurons mimics almost exactly the global deletion phenotype including the persistent low birth weight, increased body weight gain in early adulthood, increased energy expenditure and hyperphagia. Mechanistically, the lack of Snord116 in NPY neurons leads to the upregulation of NPY mRNA consistent with the hyperphagic phenotype and suggests a critical role of Snord116 in the control of NPY neuronal functions that might be dysregulated in PWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qi
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Louise Purtell
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Melissa Fu
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicola J Lee
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Julia Aepler
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Lei Zhang
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Kim Loh
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Ronaldo F Enriquez
- Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul A Baldock
- Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Sergei Zolotukhin
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Center for Smell and Taste, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA
| | - Lesley V Campbell
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Herbert Herzog
- Neuroscience Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, University of NSW, NSW, Australia
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Lausten-Thomsen U, Christiansen M, Fonvig CE, Trier C, Pedersen O, Hansen T, Holm JC. Reference values for serum total adiponectin in healthy non-obese children and adolescents. Clin Chim Acta 2015; 450:11-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Ngo S, Steyn F, Huang L, Mantovani S, Pfluger C, Woodruff T, O'Sullivan J, Henderson R, McCombe P. Altered expression of metabolic proteins and adipokines in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2015.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Lee A, Jeon KJ, Kim MS, Kim HK, Han SN. Modest weight loss through a 12-week weight management program with behavioral modification seems to attenuate inflammatory responses in young obese Koreans. Nutr Res 2015; 35:301-8. [PMID: 25753918 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Obesity has been reported to impair immune functions and lead to low-grade long-term inflammation; however, studies that have investigated the impact of weight loss on these among the young and slightly obese are limited. Thus, we investigated the effect of a 12-week weight management program with behavioral modifications on cell-mediated immune functions and inflammatory responses in young obese participants. Our hypothesis was that weight loss would result in improved immune functions and decreased inflammatory responses. Sixty-four participants (45 obese and 19 normal weight) finished the program. Obese (body mass index ≥25) participants took part in 5 group education and 6 individual counseling sessions. Normal-weight (body mass index 18.5-23) participants only attended 6 individual sessions. The goal for the obese was to lose 0.5 kg/wk by reducing their intake by 300 to 500 kcal/d and increasing their physical activity. Program participation resulted in a modest but significant decrease in weight (2.7 ± 0.4 kg, P < .001) and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated interleukin-1β production (from 0.85 ± 0.07 to 0.67 ± 0.07 ng/mL, P < .05) in the obese. In the obese group, increase in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated interleukin-10 production, a TH2 and anti-inflammatory cytokine, approached significance after program participation (from 6181 ± 475 to 6970 ± 632 pg/mL, P = .06). No significant changes in proliferative responses to the optimal concentration of concanavalin A or phytohemagglutinin were observed in the obese after program participation. Collectively, modest weight loss did not change the cell-mediated immune functions significantly but did attenuate the inflammatory response in young and otherwise healthy obese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- AeJin Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyeong Jin Jeon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Soo Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye-Kyeong Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Sung Nim Han
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; Research Institute of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
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Balsan GA, Vieira JLDC, Oliveira AMD, Portal VL. Relationship between adiponectin, obesity and insulin resistance. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2015; 61:72-80. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.61.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: the conditions of obesity and overweight pose a major risk for a number of comorbidities, including clinical syndromes resulting from atherosclerotic disease. Recent studies strongly indicate that adipose tissue is an active endocrine organ that secretes bioactive factors such as adipokines. Adiponectin appears to have a regulatory role in the mechanism of insulin resistance and in the development of atherosclerosis. This systematic review aims to evaluate the anti-atherogenic effects of adiponectin and its properties to improve and mimic metabolic and vascular actions of insulin and its influence on endothelial function. Methods: a qualitative, exploratory and literature review was performed in the PubMed, Portal Capes and Scielo databases using as key-words "adiponectin", "obesity", "insulin resistance", "anti-inflammatory", "therapeutic strategies" and "future prospects". Results: evidence suggests that adiponectin has anti-atherogenic properties with anti-inflammatory effects on the vascular wall. Moreover, it modifies the vascular intracellular signaling and has indirect antioxidant effects on the human myocardium. On the other hand, there are studies suggesting that increased levels of adiponectin are paradoxically associated with a worse prognosis in heart failure syndrome, although the mechanisms are not clear. Conclusion: it is not clear whether adiponectin levels have any clinical significance for risk stratification in cardiovascular disease or if they simply reflect the activation of complex underlying mechanisms. Changes in lifestyle and some drug treatments for hypertension and coronary heart disease have shown significant effect to increase adiponectin levels, and simultaneously decrease in insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction.
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Lee A, Jeon KJ, Kim HK, Han SN. Effect of a 12-week weight management program on the clinical characteristics and dietary intake of the young obese and the contributing factors to the successful weight loss. Nutr Res Pract 2014; 8:571-9. [PMID: 25324939 PMCID: PMC4198972 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2014.8.5.571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The objectives were to investigate the effect of a 12-wk intervention with behavioral modification on clinical characteristics and dietary intakes of young and otherwise healthy obese and to identify factors for successful weight loss. The goal was to lose 0.5 kg per week by reducing 300-500 kcal/day and by increasing physical activities. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Forty four obese subjects (BMI > 25) and 19 normal weight subjects (BMI 18.5-23) finished the 12-week intervention. Obese subjects participated in 5 group educations and 6 individual counseling sessions. Normal weight subjects attended 6 individual counseling sessions for evaluations of dietary intake and exercise pattern. Anthropometric and clinical characteristics and 3-day dietary records were evaluated at baseline and week12. RESULTS Weight and serum triglyceride and free fatty acid concentrations in obese group decreased significantly with intervention. Intakes of energy, fat, and cholesterol decreased significantly in the obese. Active participation, realistic weight loss goal setting, and weight gain after high school graduation not during childhood were identified as key factors for successful weight loss. CONCLUSIONS The 12-week intervention with behavioral modification resulted in reduced energy and fat intakes and led to significant weight loss and improvements of clinical characteristics in the obese. The finding that those who became obese during childhood lost less weight indicates the importance of 'early' intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- AeJin Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Kyeong Jin Jeon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Hye-Kyeong Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi, 420-717, Korea
| | - Sung Nim Han
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea. ; Research Institute of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Klemettilä JP, Kampman O, Seppälä N, Viikki M, Hämäläinen M, Moilanen E, Mononen N, Lehtimäki T, Leinonen E. Association study of the HTR2C, leptin and adiponectin genes and serum marker analyses in clozapine treated long-term patients with schizophrenia. Eur Psychiatry 2014; 30:296-302. [PMID: 25284335 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2014.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Clozapine treatment is associated with weight gain and cardio-metabolic consequences among patients with schizophrenia. Polymorphisms of leptin, serotonin receptor HTR2C and adiponectin genes have been associated with antipsychotic-induced weight gain and metabolic comorbidity. However, the results of the studies so far are inconclusive. The aim of the present study was first to test for a possible role of serum leptin and adiponectin levels as a marker of weight gain in association with inflammatory cytokines/adipokines (IL-6, IL-1Ra, hs-CRP and adipsin), and second to study associations between SNPs LEP rs7799039 (-2548 A/G), ADIPOQ rs1501299 and HTR2C rs1414334 and weight gain and levels of leptin and adiponectin, in 190 patients with schizophrenia on clozapine treatment, with retrospectively assessed weight change and cross-sectionally measured cytokine levels. A strong association was found between serum levels of leptin and weight gain and cytokines/adipokines related to metabolic comorbidity, especially among female patients (in women leptin vs. weight gain, IL-6 and IL-1Ra, P<0.001; in men leptin vs. weight gain, P=0.026, leptin vs. IL-1Ra, P<0.001). In male patients low adiponectin level was a more specific marker of clozapine-induced weight gain (P=0.037). The results of the present study do not support a major role of SNPs LEP rs7799039, ADIPOQ rs1501299 and HTR2C rs1414334 in the regulation of weight gain or association of serum levels of leptin and adiponectin and corresponding studied SNPs in patients with schizophrenia on clozapine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-P Klemettilä
- Department of Psychiatry, Pitkäniemi Hospital, Tampere University Hospital, 33380 Pitkäniemi, Finland.
| | - O Kampman
- School of Medicine, University of Tampere, 33014 Tampere, Finland; Department of Psychiatry, Seinäjoki Hospital District, 60220 Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - N Seppälä
- Department of Psychiatry, Satakunta Hospital District, 28500 Pori, Finland
| | - M Viikki
- School of Medicine, University of Tampere, 33014 Tampere, Finland; Tampere Mental Health Centre, Hallituskatu 8B, 33200 Tampere, Finland
| | - M Hämäläinen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - E Moilanen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - N Mononen
- Fimlab Laboratories, Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - T Lehtimäki
- Fimlab Laboratories, Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - E Leinonen
- Department of Psychiatry, Pitkäniemi Hospital, Tampere University Hospital, 33380 Pitkäniemi, Finland; School of Medicine, University of Tampere, 33014 Tampere, Finland
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Klemettilä JP, Kampman O, Seppälä N, Viikki M, Hämäläinen M, Moilanen E, Leinonen E. Cytokine and adipokine alterations in patients with schizophrenia treated with clozapine. Psychiatry Res 2014; 218:277-83. [PMID: 24837425 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is associated with both schizophrenia and antipsychotic medication, especially clozapine, with alterations in inflammatory cytokines and adipokines. However, the data in this field is heterogeneous and the sample sizes of the patients are limited. In this study we assessed the serum levels of cytokines/adipokines IL-6, IL-1Ra, hs-CRP and adiponectin, and components of metabolic syndrome in 190 patients with treatment resistant schizophrenia treated with clozapine. Substantial metabolic comorbidity was found in this patient group; overweight/obesity, smoking, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-cholesterol, high HOMA-IR, low adiponectin levels, elevated hs-CRP levels and elevated IL-1Ra levels. Elevated IL-1Ra levels are associated with insulin resistance, obesity and hypertriglyceridemia. Low adiponectin levels were associated with hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL cholesterol and high glucose, and in male patients also with obesity and high IL-1Ra levels. After controlling for confounding factors age and smoking, levels of IL-1Ra and hs-CRP associated with obesity, and the levels of IL-6 associated with obesity in female patients. We conclude that there are partly gender dependent cytokine and adipokine alterations in patients with schizophrenia on clozapine treatment associated with metabolic comorbidity. The genetic background of these cytokine alterations needs to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jari-Pekka Klemettilä
- Tampere University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Pitkäniemi Hospital, 33380 Pitkäniemi, Finland.
| | - Olli Kampman
- University of Tampere, School of Medicine, 33014 Tampere, Finland; Seinäjoki Hospital District, Department of Psychiatry, 60220 Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - Niko Seppälä
- Satakunta Hospital District, Department of Psychiatry, 28500 Pori, Finland
| | - Merja Viikki
- University of Tampere, School of Medicine, 33014 Tampere, Finland; Tampere Mental Health Centre, Hallituskatu 8B, 33200 Tampere, Finland
| | - Mari Hämäläinen
- Immunopharmacology Research Group, University of Tampere, School of Medicine, 33014 Tampere, Finland; Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Eeva Moilanen
- Immunopharmacology Research Group, University of Tampere, School of Medicine, 33014 Tampere, Finland; Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Esa Leinonen
- Tampere University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Pitkäniemi Hospital, 33380 Pitkäniemi, Finland; University of Tampere, School of Medicine, 33014 Tampere, Finland
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Yan CJ, Li SM, Xiao Q, Liu Y, Hou J, Chen AF, Xia LP, Li XC. Influence of serum adiponectin level and SNP +45 polymorphism of adiponectin gene on myocardial fibrosis. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2014; 14:721-8. [PMID: 23897791 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.bqicc707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Adiponectin plays an important role in the development of hypertension, atherosclerosis, and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, but very little was known about the influence of serum adiponectin or the adiponectin gene polymorphism on myocardial fibrosis. Our study investigates the influence of the SNP +45 polymorphism of the adiponectin gene and serum levels of adiponectin on myocardial fibrosis in patients with essential hypertension. A case-control study was conducted on 165 hypertensive patients and 126 normotensive healthy controls. The genotypes of adiponectin gene polymorphisms were detected by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Serum concentrations of procollagen were measured by a double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in all subjects. The integrated backscatter score (IBS) was measured in the left ventricular myocardium using echocardiography. The serum levels of adiponectin in hypertensive patients were significantly lower than those in the normal control group ((2.69±1.0) μg/ml vs. (4.21±2.89) μg/ml, respectively, P<0.001). The serum levels of type-I procollagen carboxyl end peptide (PICP) and type-III procollagen ammonia cardinal extremity peptide (PIIINP) in the hypertension group were significantly higher than those in the control group. In the hypertension group, serum levels of adiponectin were significantly and negatively related to the average acoustic intensity and corrected acoustic intensity of the myocardium (r=0.46 and 0.61, respectively, P<0.05 for both). The serum levels of PICP and PIIINP were significantly different among the three genotypes of SNP +45 (P<0.01). Logistic regression analyses showed that sex and genotype (GG+GT) were the major risk factors of myocardial fibrosis in hypertensive patients (OR=5.343 and 3.278, respectively, P<0.05). These data suggest that lower levels of adiponectin and SNP +45 polymorphism of the adiponectin gene are likely to play an important role in myocardial fibrosis in hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-jun Yan
- Department of Emergency, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining 272000, China
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Flexeder C, Thiering E, Kratzsch J, Klümper C, Koletzko B, Müller MJ, Koletzko S, Heinrich J. Is a child's growth pattern early in life related to serum adipokines at the age of 10 years? Eur J Clin Nutr 2013; 68:25-31. [PMID: 24169460 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Growth parameters during infancy and early childhood might predict adipokine levels later in life. This study investigates the association between peak growth velocities, body mass index (BMI) and age at adiposity rebound (AR), with leptin and adiponectin levels at age 10 years. SUBJECTS/METHODS Peak height (PHV) and weight (PWV) velocities were calculated from height and weight measurements obtained between birth and age 2 years from 2880 children participating in the GINIplus (German Infant Nutritional Intervention plus environmental and genetic influences on allergy development) and LISAplus (Influences of Lifestyle-Related Factors on the Immune System and the Development of Allergies in Childhood plus Air Pollution and Genetics) birth cohorts. BMI and age at AR were calculated using BMI measurements between age 1.5 and 12 years. Blood samples were collected during a physical examination at age 10. Adiponectin and leptin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. Linear regression models were fitted after adjustment for potential confounding factors and results are presented per interquartile range increase in the exposure. RESULTS Age at AR was negatively associated with leptin in males and females (percent difference β*: -41.71%; 95% confidence interval: (-44.34;-38.96) and β*: -43.22%; (-45.59; -40.75), respectively). For both males and females PWV (β*: 14.23%; (7.60; 21.26) and β*: 18.54%; (10.76; 26.87), respectively) and BMI at AR (β*: 63.08%; (55.04; 71.53) and β*: 67.02%; (59.30; 75.10), respectively) were positively associated with leptin levels. PHV showed a positive effect on leptin in females only (β*: 10.75%; (3.73; 18.25)). Growth parameters were not significantly associated with adiponectin except for age at AR among females (β: 0.75 ng/ml; (0.42; 1.09)) and PWV among males (β: 0.45 ng/ml; (0.11; 0.79)). CONCLUSION Growth patterns in early life may be associated with leptin levels at age 10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Flexeder
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology I, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - E Thiering
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology I, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - J Kratzsch
- University Hospital Leipzig, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Leipzig, Germany
| | - C Klümper
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - B Koletzko
- Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - M J Müller
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - S Koletzko
- Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - J Heinrich
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology I, Neuherberg, Germany
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Chiang CH, Lai JS, Hung SH, Lee LT, Sheu JC, Huang KC. Serum adiponectin levels are associated with hepatitis B viral load in overweight to obese hepatitis B virus carriers. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2013; 21:291-6. [PMID: 23404868 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the association between serum adiponectin and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a campus-based cross-sectional study in Northern Taiwan, an HBV-endemic country. A total of 506 participants, including 147 chronic HBV-infected individuals and 359 healthy controls, were assessed for anthropometric indices, serum adiponectin levels, serum HBV viral load and markers, serum alanine aminotransferase levels and metabolic factors. RESULTS Older age, male gender, higher alanine aminotransferase, higher body mass index, greater waist circumference, lower fasting glucose, higher triglycerides, and higher adiponectin were associated with chronic HBV infection in univariate analyses. In multivariate analysis, the presence of chronic HBV infection was positively associated with serum adiponectin levels (P < 0.0001) and high adiponectin levels over the 75th percentile (odds ratio, 4.25; 95% confidence interval, 2.36-7.66; P < 0.0001) after adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, and insulin resistance index. Furthermore, serum adiponectin levels were positively associated with HBV viral load in overweight to obese HBV-infected subjects (P = 0.018). CONCLUSION Although chronic HBV-infected individuals were heavier than healthy controls, they had significantly higher serum adiponectin levels than healthy counterparts. Additionally, adiponectin levels were positively associated with HBV viral load in overweight to obese HBV-infected subjects. Future research should focus on elucidating adiponectin pathways, which may contribute to the development of adjuvant treatments for chronic HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hsieh Chiang
- Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Kosicka A, Cunliffe AD, Mackenzie R, Zariwala MG, Perretti M, Flower RJ, Renshaw D. Attenuation of plasma annexin A1 in human obesity. FASEB J 2012; 27:368-78. [PMID: 23038751 DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-213728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Obesity-related metabolic disorders are characterized by mild chronic inflammation, leukocyte infiltration, and tissue fibrosis as a result of adipocytokine production from the expanding white adipose tissue. Annexin A1 (AnxA1) is an endogenous glucocorticoid regulated protein, which modulates systemic anti-inflammatory processes and, therefore, may be altered with increasing adiposity in humans. Paradoxically, we found that plasma AnxA1 concentrations inversely correlated with BMI, total percentage body fat, and waist-to-hip ratio in human subjects. Plasma AnxA1 was also inversely correlated with plasma concentrations of the acute-phase protein, C-reactive protein (CRP), and the adipocytokine leptin, suggesting that as systemic inflammation increases, anti-inflammatory AnxA1 is reduced. In addition, AnxA1 gene expression and protein were significantly up-regulated during adipogenesis in a human adipocyte cell line compared to vehicle alone, demonstrating for the first time that AnxA1 is expressed and excreted from human adipocytes. These data demonstrate a failure in the endogenous anti-inflammatory system to respond to increasing systemic inflammation resulting from expanding adipose tissue, a condition strongly linked to the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. These data raise the possibility that a reduction in plasma AnxA1 may contribute to the chronic inflammatory phenotype observed in human obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kosicka
- Department of Human and Health Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK
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Keicho N, Matsushita I, Tanaka T, Shimbo T, Hang NTL, Sakurada S, Kobayashi N, Hijikata M, Thuong PH, Lien LT. Circulating levels of adiponectin, leptin, fetuin-A and retinol-binding protein in patients with tuberculosis: markers of metabolism and inflammation. PLoS One 2012; 7:e38703. [PMID: 22685600 PMCID: PMC3369865 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wasting is known as a prominent feature of tuberculosis (TB). To monitor the disease state, markers of metabolism and inflammation are potentially useful. We thus analyzed two major adipokines, adiponectin and leptin, and two other metabolic markers, fetuin-A and retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4). METHODS The plasma levels of these markers were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in 84 apparently healthy individuals (=no-symptom group) and 46 patients with active pulmonary TB around the time of treatment, including at the midpoint evaluation (=active-disease group) and compared them with body mass index (BMI), C-reactive protein (CRP), chest radiographs and TB-antigen specific response by interferon-γ release assay (IGRA). RESULTS In the no-symptom group, adiponectin and leptin showed negative and positive correlation with BMI respectively. In the active-disease group, at the time of diagnosis, leptin, fetuin-A and RBP4 levels were lower than in the no-symptom group [adjusted means 2.01 versus 4.50 ng/ml, P<0.0001; 185.58 versus 252.27 µg/ml, P<0.0001; 23.88 versus 43.79 µg/ml, P<0.0001, respectively]. High adiponectin and low leptin levels were associated with large infiltrates on chest radiographs even after adjustment for BMI and other covariates (P=0.0033 and P=0.0020). During treatment, adiponectin levels increased further and then decreased. Leptin levels remained low. Initial low levels of fetuin-A and RBP4 almost returned to the normal reference range in concert with reduced CRP. CONCLUSIONS Our data and recent literature suggest that low fat store and underlying inflammation may regulate these metabolic markers in TB in a different way. Decreased leptin, increased adiponectin, or this ratio may be a promising marker for severity of the disease independent of BMI. We should further investigate pathological roles of the balance between these adipokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Keicho
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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36
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Adiponectin and arterial stiffness in hypertensive patients. Int J Cardiol 2012; 157:407-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.03.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kawada T, Hasegawa M. Predictive ability of serum high-molecular-weight adiponectin in combination with serum insulin and serum C-reactive protein for the presence of metabolic syndrome. Ann Hum Biol 2012; 39:108-12. [PMID: 22324836 DOI: 10.3109/03014460.2011.652170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an insulin-resistance syndrome deeply associated with obesity. The association between MetS and several clinical factors, including serum levels of adiponectin, C-reactive protein and insulin, was examined. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The study was performed in 219 men aged 43.2 ± 6.6 years, who were employees of a company. The study measured the serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) as an inflammatory marker, serum insulin as a marker of insulin resistance and serum high-molecular-weight adiponectin (HMW-adipo), in addition to the serum levels of liver enzymes and uric acid. MetS was diagnosed according to the National Cholesterol Education Programme ATPIII criteria. RESULTS Log-transformed serum ALT, HMW-adipo, insulin and uric acid were found to be significantly related to the presence/absence of Mets by logistic regression analysis, with odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 25.9 (3.3-204.4), 0.10 (0.02-0.56), 7.5 (1.6-34.1) and 1.5 (1.04-2.1), respectively. CONCLUSION Serum high HMW-adipo level was significantly negatively related to the presence of MetS, independently of the serum levels of insulin, liver enzymes and uric acid. Among the markers examined, serum HMW-adipo and ALT were considered as markers for MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Kawada
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
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Miller GD, Jenks MZ, Vendela M, Norris JL, Muday GK. Influence of weight loss, body composition, and lifestyle behaviors on plasma adipokines: a randomized weight loss trial in older men and women with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. J Obes 2012; 2012:708505. [PMID: 23326650 PMCID: PMC3541640 DOI: 10.1155/2012/708505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Revised: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate effects of weight loss on adipokines and health measures in obese older adults with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. METHODS Participants were randomly assigned to either weight loss (WL) (men: 12, women: 14) or weight stable (WS) group (men: 12, women: 13). WL intervention included meal replacements and structured exercise training. Measurements of leptin, adiponectin, soluble leptin receptor, lifestyle behaviors, and body composition were collected at baseline and 6 months. Univariate analysis of covariance was performed on 6 month variables, and Spearman and partial correlations were made between variables. RESULTS Weight loss was 13.0% and 6.7% in WL for men and women, respectively. Women in WL had lower whole body and trunk fat than WS. The leptin : adiponectin ratio was lower for women in WL than WS at 6 months, with no group differences in adipokines for men. Leptin and free leptin index correlated with body fat in both genders at baseline. Interestingly, only women showed reductions in leptin (P < 0.100) and correlations between the percentage change leptin and trunk fat and the percentage changes in free leptin index with total fat and trunk fat. Partial correlations between 6 month adipokines after adjustments for covariates and group/time period show potential multivariate influences. CONCLUSIONS In the presence of an effective weight loss intervention in older obese adults, there are significant relationships between weight and fat loss and leptin in women, but not men, suggesting gender-specific features of adipokine metabolism in this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary D. Miller
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Reynolda Station, P.O. Box 7868 Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA
- *Gary D. Miller:
| | - Monica Z. Jenks
- Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA
| | - Mandolyn Vendela
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Reynolda Station, P.O. Box 7868 Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA
| | - James L. Norris
- Department of Mathematics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA
| | - Gloria K. Muday
- Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA
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Kawada T. Ecological and individual association: difficulty for adjusting ethnic difference of adiponectin in meta-analysis. Int J Obes (Lond) 2011; 36:1482; author reply 1482-3. [PMID: 22124447 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2011.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Han SN, Jeon KJ, Kim MS, Kim HK, Lee AJ. Obesity with a body mass index under 30 does not significantly impair the immune response in young adults. Nutr Res 2011; 31:362-9. [PMID: 21636014 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2011.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Revised: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 04/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Obesity accompanies various metabolic and immunologic changes. Evidence from epidemiological, animal, and human studies has linked obesity to impaired immunity. However, human studies that have investigated the immunocompetence of the obese are still limited. We studied the immune and inflammatory responses of obese (body mass index [BMI], 28.3 ± 0.5 kg/m²; n = 30) and normal-weight (BMI, 21.2 ± 0.3 kg/m²; n = 15) young adults to test the hypothesis that obesity is associated with an impaired immune function and dysregulated inflammatory response. Serum levels of adipokines and subpopulations of immune cells were examined. In vitro proliferative response of whole blood lymphocytes, the production of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL] 1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor α) and T helper 1/T helper 2 cytokines (IL-2, interferon γ, IL-4, and IL-10) were determined. Serum leptin levels were significantly higher (P < .001) and CD8+ T-cell subpopulation was significantly lower (P = .044) in the obese than normal-weight subjects. There was no difference in the proliferative response of whole-blood lymphocytes to T-cell mitogens between 2 groups. Phytohemagglutinin-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from the obese group produced significantly higher levels of IL-2 (P = .002) and tended to produce higher levels of IL-4 (P = .053) than those from the normal-weight group. No significant differences in the production of inflammatory cytokines by either whole-blood lymphocytes or peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide were observed between the obese and normal-weight subjects. These results suggest that obesity with a BMI less than 30 does not significantly impair immune function in young adults. However, further research is needed to investigate the clinical significance of a lower CD8+ T-cell population associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Nim Han
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
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