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Zhang X, Yang X, Zhang T, Yin X, Man J, Lu M. Association of educational attainment with esophageal cancer, Barrett's esophagus, and gastroesophageal reflux disease, and the mediating role of modifiable risk factors: A Mendelian randomization study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1022367. [PMID: 37056646 PMCID: PMC10086429 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1022367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundObservational studies have reported that educational attainment has been related to the risk of esophageal cancer (EC) and its precancerous lesions. However, the causal relationship remains controversial. We aimed to apply the Mendelian randomization (MR) design to determine the causal associations between genetically predicted educational attainment and EC, Barrett's esophagus (BE), and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and to explore whether modifiable risk factors play a mediating role.MethodsUsing summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) based on European ancestry individuals of several years in education (EduYears, primary analysis, n = 293,723), college completion (College, secondary analysis, n = 95,427), EC (n = 420,531), BE (n = 361,194), and GERD (n = 420,531), genetic associations between two education phenotypes and EC, BE, and GERD were tested by two-sample MR analyses. Then, two-step MR mediation analyses were used to assess the proportion of the aforementioned association that might be mediated by body mass index (BMI), major depressive disorder (MDD), smoking, drinking, carbohydrates, fat, and protein intake.ResultsGenetically predicted EduYears was negatively associated with the risk of EC, BE, and GERD {odds ratio (OR), 0.64 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.44–0.94], 0.86 (95% CI, 0.75–0.99), and 0.62 (95%CI, 0.58–0.67)}. EduYears was negatively associated with BMI, MDD, and smoking (range of OR: 0.76–0.84). There were positive associations between BMI, smoking with EC, BE, and GERD, as well as between MDD with GERD (range of OR: 1.08–1.50). For individual mediating effect, BMI and smoking mediated 15.75 and 14.15% of the EduYears-EC association and 15.46 and 16.85% of the EduYears-BE association. BMI, MDD, and smoking mediated 5.23, 4.98, and 4.49% of the EduYears-GERD association. For combined mediation, the aforementioned mediators explained 26.62, 28.38, and 11.48% of the effect of EduYears on EC, BE, and GERD. The mediating effects of drinking and dietary composition were not significant in the effect of education on EC, BE, and GERD.ConclusionOur study supports that genetically predicted higher educational attainment has a protective effect on EC, BE, and GERD, and is partly mediated by reducing adiposity, smoking, and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuening Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Clinical Research Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tongchao Zhang
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Clinical Research Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaolin Yin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jinyu Man
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Clinical Research Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Lu
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Domingue BW, Kanopka K, Mallard TT, Trejo S, Tucker-Drob EM. Modeling Interaction and Dispersion Effects in the Analysis of Gene-by-Environment Interaction. Behav Genet 2021; 52:56-64. [PMID: 34855050 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-021-10090-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Genotype-by-environment interaction (GxE) studies probe heterogeneity in response to risk factors or interventions. Popular methods for estimation of GxE examine multiplicative interactions between individual genetic and environmental measures. However, risk factors and interventions may modulate the total variance of an epidemiological outcome that itself represents the aggregation of many other etiological components. We expand the traditional GxE model to directly model genetic and environmental moderation of the dispersion of the outcome. We derive a test statistic, [Formula: see text], for inferring whether an interaction identified between individual genetic and environmental measures represents a more general pattern of moderation of the total variance in the phenotype by either the genetic or the environmental measure. We validate our method via extensive simulation, and apply it to investigate genotype-by-birth year interactions for Body Mass Index (BMI) with polygenic scores in the Health and Retirement Study (N = 11,586) and individual genetic variants in the UK Biobank (N = 380,605). We find that changes in the penetrance of a genome-wide polygenic score for BMI across birth year are partly representative of a more general pattern of expanding BMI variation across generations. Three individual variants found to be more strongly associated with BMI among later born individuals, were also associated with the magnitude of variability in BMI itself within any given birth year, suggesting that they may confer general sensitivity of BMI to a range of unmeasured factors beyond those captured by birth year. We introduce an expanded GxE regression model that explicitly models genetic and environmental moderation of the dispersion of the outcome under study. This approach can determine whether GxE interactions identified are specific to the measured predictors or represent a more general pattern of moderation of the total variance in the outcome by the genetic and environmental measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin W Domingue
- Graduate School of Education, Stanford University and Center for Population Health Sciences, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, USA.
| | - Klint Kanopka
- Graduate School of Education, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - Travis T Mallard
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, USA
| | - Sam Trejo
- Department of Sociology and Office of Population Research, Princeton University, Princeton, USA
| | - Elliot M Tucker-Drob
- Department of Psychology and Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, USA.
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Mu L, Yu F, Xia J, Lang X, Haque A, Wu HE, Zhang XY. Association between high BMI and high homocysteine levels in Chinese patients with bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 2021; 295:284-290. [PMID: 34482060 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) has been associated with an increased prevalence of weight gain and abnormally elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels. However, the relationship between BMI and Hcy in BD patients has not been investigated. This study aimed to explore this relationship in Chinese patients with BD. METHODS Plasma Hcy levels, socio-demographic parameters, clinical and anthropometric data were collected from 195 BD inpatients and 84 healthy controls. The level of plasma Hcy was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated by body weight divided by the square of the height. The participants were divided into a high BMI group and a low BMI group using 24 kg/m2 as a threshold. RESULTS The prevalence of high BMI was slightly elevated in BD patients in comparison to healthy controls. Patients with elevated BMI had significantly higher Hcy levels than patients with low BMI. Hcy level was an independent contributor of the occurrence of high BMI in BD patients. The level of Hcy was positively correlated with BMI in BD patients. In addition, depressive episodes of BD were positively correlated with the prevalence of high BMI and married BD patients were more likely to have high BMI levels. CONCLUSIONS There is a close relationship between BMI and plasma Hcy levels in patients with BD, suggesting that Hcy may be an important indicator for BD-induced weight gain. This finding provides a new avenue for weight management of BD patients and to help avoid the potential risk of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Mu
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China; Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Province, Dalian, China
| | - Feng Yu
- Qingdao mental health center, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiejing Xia
- Qingdao mental health center, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - XiaoE Lang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Anam Haque
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Hanjing Emily Wu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Xiang Yang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China.
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Genetic propensity for obesity, socioeconomic position, and trajectories of body mass index in older adults. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20276. [PMID: 34645866 PMCID: PMC8514538 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99332-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying how socioeconomic positioning and genetic factors interact in the development of obesity is imperative for population-level obesity prevention strategies. The current study investigated whether social positioning, either independently or through interaction with a polygenic score for Body Mass Index (BMI-PGS), influences BMI trajectories across older adulthood. Data were analysed from 7,183 individuals from the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA). Interactions between the BMI-PGS and; lower educational attainment, self-perceived social status (SSS), and income, on BMI trajectories over 12 years across older adulthood were investigated through linear mixed effects models. Lower educational attainment, SSS and income were each associated with a higher baseline BMI for women, but not for men. There were interaction effects between BMI-PGS and social positioning such that men aged > 65 with a lower educational attainment (β = 0.62; 95%CI 0.00 – 1.24, p < 0.05), men aged ≤ 65 of a lower income (β = − 0.72, 95%CI − 1.21 - − 0.23, p < 0.01) and women aged ≤ 65 of lower SSS (β = − 1.41; 95%CI − 2.46 – 0.36, p < 0.01) showed stronger associations between the BMI-PGS and baseline BMI. There were few associations between markers of socioeconomic position and rate of change in BMI over the follow-up period. In sum, lower socioeconomic positioning showed adverse associations with women’s BMI in older adulthood. Moreover, the expression of the BMI-PGS, or extent to which it translates to a higher BMI, was subtly influenced by socioeconomic standing in both women and in men.
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The Role of the Environment in Overweight and Eating Behavior Variability: Insights from a Multivariate Twin Study. Twin Res Hum Genet 2021; 23:338-344. [PMID: 33480833 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2020.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Research has emphasized the genetic basis of individual differences in body mass index (BMI); however, genetic factors cannot explain the rapid rise of obesity. Eating behaviors have been stipulated to be the behavioral expression of genetic risk in an obesogenic environment. In this study, we decompose variation and covariation between three key eating behaviors and BMI in a sample of 698 participants, consisting of 167 monozygotic, 150 dizygotic complete same-sex female twins and 64 incomplete pairs from a population-based twin registry in the southeast of Spain, The Murcia Twin Registry. Phenotypes were emotional eating, uncontrolled eating and cognitive restraint, measured by the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire and objectively measured BMI. Variation in eating behaviors was driven by nonshared environmental factors (range: 56%-65%), whereas shared environmental and genetic factors were secondary. All three eating behaviors were correlated with BMI (r = .19-.25). Nonshared environmental factors explained the covariations (Emotional eating-Uncontrolled eating: rE = .54, 95% CI [.43, .64]; BMI-Cognitive restraint: rE = .15, 95% CI [.01, .28]). In contrast to BMI, individual differences in eating behaviors are mostly explained by nonshared environmental factors, which also accounted for the phenotypic correlation between eating behaviors and BMI. Due to the sample size, analyses were underpowered to detect contributions of additive genetic or shared environmental factors to variation and covariation of the phenotypes. Although more research is granted, these results support that eating behaviors could be viable intervention targets to help individuals maintain a healthy weight.
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Oluyomi A, Aldrich KD, Foster KL, Badr H, Kamdar KY, Scheurer ME, Lupo PJ, Brown AL. Neighborhood deprivation index is associated with weight status among long-term survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Cancer Surviv 2020; 15:767-775. [PMID: 33226568 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-020-00968-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Area deprivation index (ADI), a measure of neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage, has been linked to metabolic outcomes in the general population but has received limited attention in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), a population with high rates of overweight and obesity. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed heights and weights of ≥ 5 year survivors of pediatric ALL (diagnosed 1990-2013). Residential addresses were geocoded using ArcGIS to assign quartiles of ADI, a composite of 17 measures of poverty, housing, employment, and education, with higher quartiles reflecting greater deprivation. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between ADI quartiles and overweight/obesity or obesity alone were calculated with logistic regression. RESULTS On average, participants (n = 454, 50.4% male, 45.2% Hispanic) were age 5.5 years at diagnosis and 17.4 years at follow-up. At follow-up, 26.4% were overweight and 24.4% obese. Compared to the lowest ADI quartile, survivors in the highest quartile were more likely to be overweight/obese at follow-up (OR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.23-4.44) after adjusting for race/ethnicity, sex, age at diagnosis, and age at follow-up. The highest ADI quartile remained significantly associated with obesity (OR = 5.28, 95% CI: 1.79-15.54) after accounting for weight status at diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS This study provides novel insights into possible social determinants of health inequalities among survivors of childhood ALL by reporting a significant association between neighborhood deprivation and overweight/obesity. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Survivors of childhood ALL residing in neighborhood with greater socioeconomic disadvantage may be at increased risk of overweight and obesity and candidates for targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abiodun Oluyomi
- Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS BCM307, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - K Danielle Aldrich
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS BCM622, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kayla L Foster
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Hoda Badr
- Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS BCM307, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kala Y Kamdar
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS BCM622, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Michael E Scheurer
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS BCM622, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Philip J Lupo
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS BCM622, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Austin L Brown
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS BCM622, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Frank M, Dragano N, Arendt M, Forstner AJ, Nöthen MM, Moebus S, Erbel R, Jöckel KH, Schmidt B. A genetic sum score of risk alleles associated with body mass index interacts with socioeconomic position in the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221252. [PMID: 31442235 PMCID: PMC6707579 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Body mass index (BMI) is influenced by genetic, behavioral and environmental factors, while interactions between genetic and socioeconomic factors have been suggested. Aim of the study was to investigate whether socioeconomic position (SEP) interacts with a BMI-related genetic sum score (GRSBMI) to affect BMI in a population-based cohort. SEP-related health behaviors and a GRS associated with educational attainment (GRSEdu) were included in the analysis to explore potential interactions underlying the GRSBMIxSEP effect. Baseline information on SEP indicators (education, income), BMI, smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption and genetic risk factors were available for 4,493 participants of the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study. Interaction analysis was based on linear regression as well as on stratified analyses. In SEP-stratified analyses, the highest genetic effects were observed in the lowest educational group with a 0.24 kg/m2 higher BMI (95%CI: 0.16; 0.31) and in the lowest income quartile with a 0.14 kg/m2 higher BMI (95%CI: 0.09; 0.18) per additional risk allele. Indication for a GRSBMIxSEP interaction was observed for education (ßGRSbmixeducation = -0.02 [95%CI:-0.03; -0.01]) and income (ßGRSbmixincome = -0.05 [95%CI: -0.08; -0.02]). When adjusting for interactions with the GRSEdu and SEP-related health behaviors, effect size estimates of the GRSBMIxSEP interaction remained virtually unchanged. Results gave indication for an interaction of BMI-related genetic risk factors with SEP indicators, showing substantially stronger genetic effects in low SEP groups. This supports the hypothesis that expression of genetic risks is higher in socioeconomically disadvantaged environments. No indication was observed that the GRSBMIxSEP interaction was affected by other SEP-related factors included in the analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam Frank
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Nico Dragano
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Centre for Health and Society, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marina Arendt
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Andreas J Forstner
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Centre for Human Genetics, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Susanne Moebus
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Raimund Erbel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Börge Schmidt
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Lin WY, Chan CC, Liu YL, Yang AC, Tsai SJ, Kuo PH. Performing different kinds of physical exercise differentially attenuates the genetic effects on obesity measures: Evidence from 18,424 Taiwan Biobank participants. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1008277. [PMID: 31369549 PMCID: PMC6675047 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide health problem that is closely linked to many metabolic disorders. Regular physical exercise has been found to attenuate the genetic predisposition to obesity. However, it remains unknown what kinds of exercise can modify the genetic risk of obesity. This study included 18,424 unrelated Han Chinese adults aged 30–70 years who participated in the Taiwan Biobank (TWB). A total of 5 obesity measures were investigated here, including body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BFP), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Because there have been no large genome-wide association studies on obesity for Han Chinese, we used the TWB internal weights to construct genetic risk scores (GRSs) for each obesity measure, and then test the significance of GRS-by-exercise interactions. The significance level throughout this work was set at 0.05/550 = 9.1x10-5 because a total of 550 tests were performed. Performing regular exercise was found to attenuate the genetic effects on 4 obesity measures, including BMI, BFP, WC, and HC. Among the 18 kinds of self-reported regular exercise, 6 mitigated the genetic effects on at least one obesity measure. Regular jogging blunted the genetic effects on BMI, BFP, and HC. Mountain climbing, walking, exercise walking, international standard dancing, and a longer practice of yoga also attenuated the genetic effects on BMI. Exercises such as cycling, stretching exercise, swimming, dance dance revolution, and qigong were not found to modify the genetic effects on any obesity measure. Across all 5 obesity measures, regular jogging consistently presented the most significant interactions with GRSs. Our findings show that the genetic effects on obesity measures can be decreased to various extents by performing different kinds of exercise. The benefits of regular physical exercise are more impactful in subjects who are more predisposed to obesity. The complex interplay of genetics and lifestyle makes obesity a challenging issue. Previous studies have found performing regular physical exercise could blunt the genetic effects on body mass index (BMI). However, BMI does not take into account lean body mass or identify central obesity. Moreover, it remains unclear what kinds of exercise could more effectively attenuate the genetic effects on obesity measures. With a sample of 18,424 unrelated Han Chinese adults, we comprehensively investigated gene-exercise interactions on 5 obesity measures: BMI, body fat percentage, waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio. Moreover, we tested whether the genetic effects on obesity measures could be modified by any of 18 kinds of self-reported regular exercise. Because no large genome-wide association studies on obesity have been done for Han Chinese, we constructed genetic risk scores with internal weights for analyses. Among these exercises, regular jogging consistently presented the strongest evidence to mitigate the genetic effects on all 5 obesity measures. Moreover, mountain climbing, walking, exercise walking, international standard dancing, and a longer practice of yoga attenuated the genetic effects on BMI. The benefits of regularly performing these 6 kinds of exercise are more impactful in subjects who are more predisposed to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Yu Lin
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (WYL); (PHK)
| | - Chang-Chuan Chan
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Li Liu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Albert C. Yang
- Division of Psychiatry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Tsai
- Division of Psychiatry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsiu Kuo
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (WYL); (PHK)
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Milano-Gai GE, Furtado-Alle L, Mota J, Lazarotto L, Milano GE, de Souza Lehtonen RR, Titski ACK, Jesus ÍC, Tureck LV, Radominski RB, Coelho-E-Silva MJ, Leite N. 12-Week aerobic exercise and nutritional program minimized the presence of the 64Arg allele on insulin resistance. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2018; 31:1033-1042. [PMID: 30721144 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2018-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of the study was to investigate the response of 64Arg allele carriers of the ADRB3 gene (Trp64Arg polymorphism) in the anthropometric, cardiorespiratory and metabolic variables in overweight adolescents after a 12-week aerobic exercise and nutritional program. METHODS A total of 92 overweight adolescents, 10-16 years old and of both genders, participated. Body composition, waist circumference (WC), pubertal stage status, blood pressure, glucose, insulin and lipid profile and direct maximal oxygen uptake were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks of a training program. The homeostasis metabolic assessments [homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)] and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) were determined and the Trp64Arg polymorphism of the ADRB3 gene was investigated by Taqman single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping assays. Exercise sessions consisted of 100-min aerobic exercise and 20-min stretching, 3 times a week, totalizing 36 sessions. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and effect size were used for variables, with p<0.05 considered significant. RESULTS In baseline, HOMA-IR was higher in carriers of the 64Arg allele and decreased more after 12 weeks than in non-carriers (p=0.01). The anthropometric, physical fitness and metabolic profiles had similar responses after training in carriers and non-carriers. CONCLUSIONS Overweight adolescents present changes in body composition and physical fitness, independent of Trp64Arg genotypes. However, a 12-week aerobic exercise and nutritional program promoted greater reductions in insulin resistance in carriers of the 64Arg allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerusa E Milano-Gai
- Physical Education Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Jorge Mota
- Ciafel, Porto University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Leilane Lazarotto
- Physical Education Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Gisele E Milano
- Physical Education Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Ana C K Titski
- Physical Education Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.,Ciafel, Porto University, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Íncare C Jesus
- Physical Education Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Luciane V Tureck
- Genetic Department, Federal University of Technology, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | | | | | - Neiva Leite
- Physical Education Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.,Ciafel, Porto University, Curitiba, Brazil, Phone/Fax: +55 41 3360 4326
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