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Wen Z, Lin C, Xu X, Ma S, Peng Y, Sun Y, Tang B, Shi L. Ectomycorrhizal community associated with Cedrus deodara in four urban forests of Nantong in East China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1226720. [PMID: 37719211 PMCID: PMC10502312 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1226720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi play fundamental roles in host plant growth and terrestrial ecosystems. Cedrus deodara is cultivated in several regions in China, has high ecological, economic and medicinal value, for its afforestation and providing timber and wood oil. Here, we investigated ECM colonization status of four urban C. deodara forests in Nantong, East China. We also characterized soil spore banks by conducting bioassay experiments using soils collected from these forests. In total, we identified 19 ECM fungal species, of which 13 species were found in mature forests and 9 species were identified in bioassay experiments, with only 3 species shared. Soil pH and available P content had significant effects on species occurrence in both mature trees and bioassay seedlings on local scales. ECM communities clearly (A = 0.391, p = 0.006) separated mature forests from spore banks. Thelephoracae was the richest family we detected associated with C. deodara, while Trichophaea sp. was the most dominant in mature forests, and Wilcoxina sp. was dominant in spore banks. ECM richness affected the growth of bioassay seedlings, especially after inoculation with 2 ECM species, promoting root growth, significantly (F = 3.028, p = 0.050), but it had no effects on shoots (F = 1.778, p = 0.177). No effect of inoculation rate was found on seedlings growth. To conserve this important tree species, the ECM fungi that are associated with it should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhugui Wen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, China
| | - Chunyan Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, China
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, China
| | - Simiao Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, China
| | - Yue Peng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, China
| | - Boping Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, China
| | - Liang Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Zhang X, Wang Y, Xu Y, Babalola BJ, Xiang S, Ma J, Su Y, Fan Y. Stochastic processes dominate community assembly of ectomycorrhizal fungi associated with Picea crassifolia in the Helan Mountains, China. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1061819. [PMID: 36713171 PMCID: PMC9878330 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1061819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Understanding the underlying mechanisms of microbial community assembly is a fundamental topic in microbial ecology. As an integral part of soil organisms, ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi play vital roles in ecosystems. Picea crassifolia is an important pine species in the Helan Mountains in Inner Mongolia, China, with high ecological and economic values. However, studies of EM fungal diversity and mechanisms underlying community assembly on this pine species are limited. Methods In this study, we investigated EM fungal communities associated with P. crassifolia from 45 root samples across three sites in the Helan Mountains using Illumina Miseq sequencing of the fungal rDNA ITS2 region. Results A total of 166 EM fungal OTUs belonging to 24 lineages were identified, of which Sebacina and Tomentella-Thelephora were the most dominant lineages. Ordination analysis revealed that EM fungal communities were significantly different among the three sites. Site/fungus preference analysis showed that some abundant EM fungal OTUs preferred specific sites. Ecological process analysis implied that dispersal limitation and ecological drift in stochastic processes dominantly determined the community assembly of EM fungi. Discussion Our study indicates that P. crassifolia harbors a high EM fungal diversity and highlights the important role of the stochastic process in driving community assembly of mutualistic fungi associated with a single plant species in a semi-arid forest in northwest China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Baotou Teacher's College, Baotou, China
| | - Yonglong Wang
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Baotou Teacher's College, Baotou, China,*Correspondence: Yonglong Wang, ✉
| | - Ying Xu
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Baotou Teacher's College, Baotou, China
| | - Busayo Joshua Babalola
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Simin Xiang
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Baotou Teacher's College, Baotou, China
| | - Jianjun Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Langfang Normal University, Langfang, Hebei, China
| | - Yun Su
- Helan Mountains National Nature Reserve Administration of Inner Mongolia, Alxa League, China
| | - Yongjun Fan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China,Yongjun Fan, ✉
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Zeng Q, Lebreton A, Man X, Jia L, Wang G, Gong S, Buée M, Wu G, Dai Y, Yang Z, Martin FM. Ecological Drivers of the Soil Microbial Diversity and Composition in Primary Old-Growth Forest and Secondary Woodland in a Subtropical Evergreen Broad-Leaved Forest Biome in the Ailao Mountains, China. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:908257. [PMID: 35770159 PMCID: PMC9234548 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.908257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Replacement of primary old-growth forests by secondary woodlands in threatened subtropical biomes drives important changes at the level of the overstory, understory and forest floor, but the impact on belowground microbial biodiversity is yet poorly documented. In the present study, we surveyed by metabarcoding sequencing, the diversity and composition of soil bacteria and fungi in the old-growth forest, dominated by stone oaks (Lithocarpus spp.) and in the secondary Yunnan pine woodland of an iconic site for biodiversity research, the Ailaoshan National Nature Reserve (Ailao Mountains, Yunnan province, China). We assessed the effect of forest replacement and other environmental factors, including soil horizons, soil physicochemical characteristics and seasonality (monsoon vs. dry seasons). We showed that tree composition and variation in soil properties were major drivers for both bacterial and fungal communities, with a significant influence from seasonality. Ectomycorrhizal Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) dominated the functional fungal guilds. Species richness and diversity of the bacterial and fungal communities were higher in the pine woodland compared to the primary Lithocarpus forest, although prominent OTUs were different. The slightly lower complexity of the microbiome in the primary forest stands likely resulted from environmental filtering under relatively stable conditions over centuries, when compared to the secondary pine woodlands. In the old-growth forest, we found a higher number of species, but that communities were homogeneously distributed, whereas in the pine woodlands, there is a slightly lower number of species present but the communities are heterogeneously distributed. The present surveys of the bacterial and fungal diversity will serve as references in future studies aiming to assess the impact of the climate change on soil microbial diversity in both old-growth forests and secondary woodlands in Ailaoshan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingchao Zeng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Annie Lebreton
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- INRAE, UMR Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Centre INRAE-GrandEst-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Champenoux, France
| | - Xiaowu Man
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Liukun Jia
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Kunming, China
| | - Gengshen Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green Development, Kunming, China
| | - Sai Gong
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Kunming, China
| | - Marc Buée
- INRAE, UMR Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Centre INRAE-GrandEst-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Champenoux, France
| | - Gang Wu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green Development, Kunming, China
| | - Yucheng Dai
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuliang Yang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green Development, Kunming, China
| | - Francis M. Martin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- INRAE, UMR Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Centre INRAE-GrandEst-Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Champenoux, France
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Wang J, Hu A, Meng F, Zhao W, Yang Y, Soininen J, Shen J, Zhou J. Embracing mountain microbiome and ecosystem functions under global change. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 234:1987-2002. [PMID: 35211983 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mountains are pivotal to maintaining habitat heterogeneity, global biodiversity, ecosystem functions and services to humans. They have provided classic model natural systems for plant and animal diversity gradient studies for over 250 years. In the recent decade, the exploration of microorganisms on mountainsides has also achieved substantial progress. Here, we review the literature on microbial diversity across taxonomic groups and ecosystem types on global mountains. Microbial community shows climatic zonation with orderly successions along elevational gradients, which are largely consistent with traditional climatic hypotheses. However, elevational patterns are complicated for species richness without general rules in terrestrial and aquatic environments and are driven mainly by deterministic processes caused by abiotic and biotic factors. We see a major shift from documenting patterns of biodiversity towards identifying the mechanisms that shape microbial biogeographical patterns and how these patterns vary under global change by the inclusion of novel ecological theories, frameworks and approaches. We thus propose key questions and cutting-edge perspectives to advance future research in mountain microbial biogeography by focusing on biodiversity hypotheses, incorporating meta-ecosystem framework and novel key drivers, adapting recently developed approaches in trait-based ecology and manipulative field experiments, disentangling biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships and finally modelling and predicting their global change responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Fanfan Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenqian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yunfeng Yang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Janne Soininen
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FIN-00014, Finland
| | - Ji Shen
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jizhong Zhou
- Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
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Gong S, Feng B, Jian SP, Wang GS, Ge ZW, Yang ZL. Elevation Matters More than Season in Shaping the Heterogeneity of Soil and Root Associated Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Community. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0195021. [PMID: 35019700 PMCID: PMC8754124 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01950-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungi play important roles in forest ecosystems, and their richness and composition can change along with elevation and season changes. However, no study has estimated the relative importance of altitudinal and seasonal heterogeneity in predicting the distribution of EcM fungal communities by simultaneously considering different sample types (root versus soil). In this study, we collected root and soil samples along a > 1,500-m elevation gradient during wet and dry seasons from Baima Snow Mountain, located in "the Mountains of Southwest China," one of the 34 biodiversity hot spots, and we analyzed them using next-generation sequencing. Regardless of the sample type, similar EcM fungal richness pattern with increasing elevation (decline in the forest zone, and an increase at the alpine meadow zone) and strong community turnovers among different elevational zones and between two seasons were detected, and changes of EcM fungal community similarity on 400-m altitude gradient were equivalent to the community turnover between dry and wet seasons. Elevation and edaphic factors were shown to have the largest effects on EcM fungal community. The heterogeneity of richness and community composition was stronger among different elevational zones than across different seasons, mainly because the elevation variations in the EcM fungal community were shaped by the combined effects of different environmental factors, while seasonal changes were mainly controlled by temperature and fast-changing soil nutrients. IMPORTANCE Altitude and season represent two important environmental gradients that shape the structure of biome, including the heterogeneity of EcM fungi. Previous studies have separately considered the influences of altitude and season on EcM fungal communities, but the relative importance of altitude and season is still unknown. The present study revealed that elevation influences the heterogeneity of EcM fungal community more than season; this may be because the variability of environmental factors is higher across different elevations than that across seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Gong
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green Development, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bang Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green Development, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Si-Peng Jian
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green Development, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Geng Shen Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green Development, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zai-Wei Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green Development, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhu Liang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green Development, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Host phylogeny is the primary determinant of ectomycorrhizal fungal community composition in the permafrost ecosystem of eastern Siberia at a regional scale. FUNGAL ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2021.101117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Diversity of Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Communities in Four Types of Stands in Pinus massoniana Plantation in the West of China. FORESTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/f12060719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi can form symbioses with plant roots, which play an important role in regulating the rhizosphere microenvironment. As a broad-spectrum ECM tree species, Pinus massoniana forms symbiotic relationship called mycorrhiza with various ECM fungal species. In this study, four types of forests were selected from a 38-year-old Pinus plantation in eastern Sichuan, namely, pure P. massoniana forest (MC), P. massoniana mixed with Cunninghamia lanceolata forest (MS), P. massoniana–Cryptomeria fortunei forest (ML), and P. massoniana–broadleaved forest (MK), the species mixture ratio of all forests was 1:1. The ITS2 segment of ECM root tip sequenced by high-throughput sequencing using the Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform. (1) The ECM fungi of these four P. massoniana forests showed similar dominant genera but different relative abundances in community structure during the three seasons. (2) The alpha diversity index of ECM fungi was significantly influenced by season and forest type. (3) Soil pH, soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), C/N ratio, and total phosphorus (TP) influenced the ECM fungal community structure in different seasons. In summary, there were significant differences in ECM fungal communities among different forest types and different seasons; the colonization rate of ECM fungal in P. massoniana–Cunninghamia lanceolata was the highest, so we infer that Cunninghamia lanceolata is the most suitable tree species for mixed with P. massoniana in three mixture forests.
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Wang Y, Zhao Y, Xu Y, Ma J, Babalola BJ, Fan Y. Ectomycorrhizal fungal communities associated with Larix gemelinii Rupr. in the Great Khingan Mountains, China. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11230. [PMID: 33959418 PMCID: PMC8053382 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Larix gemelinii is an important tree species in the Great Khingan Mountains in Northeast China with a high economic and ecological value for its role in carbon sequestration and as a source of lumber and nuts. However, the ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungal diversity and community composition of this tree remain largely undefined. We examined EM fungal communities associated with L. gemelinii from three sites in the Great Khingan Mountains using Illumina Miseq to sequence the rDNA ITS2 region and evaluated the impact of spatial, soil, and climatic variables on the EM fungal community. A total of 122 EM fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified from 21 pooled-root samples, and the dominant EM fungal lineages were /tricholoma, /tomentella-thelephora, /suillus-rhizopogon, and /piloderma. A high proportion of unique EM fungal OTUs were present; some abundant OTUs largely restricted to specific sites. EM fungal richness and community assembly were significantly correlated with spatial distance and climatic and soil variables, with mean annual temperature being the most important predictor for fungal richness and geographic distance as the largest determinant for community turnover. Our findings indicate that L. gemelinii has a rich and distinctive EM fungal community contributing to our understanding of the montane EM fungal community structure from the perspective of a single host plant that has not been previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglong Wang
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Baotou Teacher’s College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Baotou Teacher’s College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Baotou Teacher’s College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jianjun Ma
- College of Life Science, Langfang Normal University, Langfang, Hebei, China
| | - Busayo Joshua Babalola
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjun Fan
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Baotou Teacher’s College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
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Zhang X, Xing J, Zhu X, Zhao B, Liu C, Dong J, Hong L, Liu Y, Chen Y, Wen Z. Diversity and community structure of ectomycorrhizal fungi in Pinus thunbergii coastal forests bordering the Yellow Sea of China. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:801-809. [PMID: 33813730 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00486-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectomycorrhizas play a fundamental role in the function of forest ecosystems, being essential for plant nutrition absorption and soil quality. Many afforestation and reforestation programmes have begun to recover and maintain coastal forests in China, using pine species including Pinus thunbergii. We investigated the ectomycorrhizal colonization status of P. thunbergii in coastal pine forests of the Yellow Sea of China. We identified a total of 53 ectomycorrhizal fungal species in 74 soil samples collected from three sites and found that Thelephoraceae (10 spp.) and Russulaceae (8 spp.) were the most species-rich ectomycorrhizal fungal lineages. Russula sp. 1 was the most abundant species, accounting for 15.3% of the total ectomycorrhizal tips identified. Most of the remaining species were rare. At this small scale, host identity had no significant effect on the ectomycorrhizal fungal community composition (A = 0.036, P = 0.258), but sampling sites did (A = 0.135, P = 0.041). In addition, Na+ and K+ content and soil pH had significant effects on the ectomycorrhizal fungal community. The ectomycorrhizal fungal community associated with different host plants will become an important new direction for research, as ectomycorrhiza may have the potential to improve host capacity to establish in salt-stressed environments. This will provide a theoretical basis and technical support for saline soil reforestation and rehabilitation using pine species with compatible, native ectomycorrhizal fungi in Yellow Sea coastal areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhe Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jincheng Xing
- Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yancheng, 224002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhu
- Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yancheng, 224002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Baoquan Zhao
- Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yancheng, 224002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chong Liu
- Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yancheng, 224002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yancheng, 224002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lizhou Hong
- Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yancheng, 224002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunfen Liu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering/Institute of Food Science and Engineering Technology, Hezhou University, Hezhou, 542899, China
| | - Yahua Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhugui Wen
- Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yancheng, 224002, Jiangsu, China.
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Wang YL, Zhang X, Xu Y, Babalola BJ, Xiang SM, Zhao YL, Fan YJ. Fungal Diversity and Community Assembly of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi Associated With Five Pine Species in Inner Mongolia, China. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:646821. [PMID: 33796093 PMCID: PMC8008119 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.646821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi play vital roles in ensuring host plants' health, plant diversity, and the functionality of the ecosystem. However, EM fungal diversity, community composition, and underlying assembly processes in Inner Mongolia, China, where forests are typically semiarid and cold-temperate zones, attract less attention. In this study, we investigated EM fungal communities from 63 root samples of five common pine plants in Inner Mongolia across 1,900 km using Illumina Miseq sequencing of the fungal internal transcribed spacer 2 region. We evaluated the impact of host plant phylogeny, soil, climatic, and spatial variables on EM fungal diversity and community turnover. Deterministic vs. stochastic processes for EM fungal community assembly were quantified using β-nearest taxon index scores. In total, we identified 288 EM fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to 31 lineages, of which the most abundant lineages were Tomentella-Thelephora, Wilcoxina, Tricholoma, and Suillus-Rhizopogon. Variations in EM fungal OTU richness and community composition were significantly predicted by host phylogeny, soil (total nitrogen, phosphorus, nitrogen-phosphorus ratio, and magnesium), climate, and spatial distance, with the host plant being the most important factor. β-nearest taxon index demonstrated that both deterministic and stochastic processes jointly determined the community assembly of EM fungi, with the predominance of stochastic processes. At the Saihanwula site selected for preference analysis, all plant species (100%) presented significant preferences for EM fungi, 54% of abundant EM fungal OTUs showed significant preferences for host plants, and 26% of pairs of plant species and abundant fungal OTUs exhibited remarkably strong preferences. Overall, we inferred that the high diversity and distinctive community composition of EM fungi associated with natural pine species in Inner Mongolia and the stochastic processes prevailed in determining the community assembly of EM fungi. Our study shed light on the diversity and community assembly of EM fungi associated with common pine species in semiarid and cold temperate forests in Inner Mongolia, China, for the first time and provided a better understanding of the ecological processes underlying the community assembly of mutualistic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Long Wang
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Baotou Teacher’s College, Baotou, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Baotou Teacher’s College, Baotou, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Baotou Teacher’s College, Baotou, China
| | - Busayo Joshua Babalola
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Si-Min Xiang
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Baotou Teacher’s College, Baotou, China
| | - Yan-Ling Zhao
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Baotou Teacher’s College, Baotou, China
| | - Yong-Jun Fan
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Baotou Teacher’s College, Baotou, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
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11
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Miyamoto Y, Danilov AV, Bryanin SV. The dominance of Suillus species in ectomycorrhizal fungal communities on Larix gmelinii in a post-fire forest in the Russian Far East. MYCORRHIZA 2021; 31:55-66. [PMID: 33159597 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-020-00995-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Wildfires can negatively affect ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungal communities. However, potential shifts in community structures due to wildfires have rarely been evaluated in the forests of eastern Eurasia, where surface fires are frequent. We investigated EM fungal communities in a Larix gmelinii-dominated forest that burned in 2003 in Zeya, in the Russian Far East. A total of 120 soil samples were collected from burned and adjacent unburned forest sites. The EM fungal root tips were morphotyped and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences were obtained for fungal identification. We detected 147 EM fungal operational taxonomic units, and EM fungal richness was 25% lower at the burned site than at the unburned site. EM fungal composition was characterized by the occurrence of disturbance-adapted fungi (Amphinema and Wilcoxina) at the burned site and late-successional fungi (Lactarius, Russula and Cortinarius) at the unburned site. These findings suggest that the EM fungal communities did not recover to pre-fire levels 16 years after the fire. Suillus species were the dominant EM fungi on L. gmelinii, with greater richness and frequency at the burned site. Both Larix and Suillus exhibit adaptive traits to quickly colonize fire-disturbed habitats. Frequent surface fires common to eastern Eurasia are likely to play important roles in maintaining Larix forests, concomitantly with their closely associated EM fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Miyamoto
- Arctic Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Aleksandr V Danilov
- Institute of Geology and Nature Management, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Blagoveshchensk, Russia
| | - Semyon V Bryanin
- Institute of Geology and Nature Management, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Blagoveshchensk, Russia
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12
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Wang YL, Gao C, Chen L, Ji NN, Wu BW, Li XC, Lü PP, Zheng Y, Guo LD. Host plant phylogeny and geographic distance strongly structure Betulaceae-associated ectomycorrhizal fungal communities in Chinese secondary forest ecosystems. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2020; 95:5393368. [PMID: 30889238 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiz037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental filtering and dispersal limitation are two of the primary drivers of community assembly in ecosystems, but their effects on ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungal communities associated with wide ranges of Betulaceae taxa at a large scale are poorly documented. In this study, we examined EM fungal communities associated with 23 species from four genera (Alnus, Betula, Carpinus and Corylus) of Betulaceae in Chinese secondary forest ecosystems, using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the ITS2 region. Effects of host plant phylogeny, soil, climate and geographic distance on EM fungal community were explored. In total, we distinguished 1738 EM fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at a 97% sequence similarity level. The EM fungal communities of Alnus had significantly lower OTU richness than those associated with the other three plant genera. The EM fungal OTU richness was significantly affected by geographic distance, host plant phylogeny, soil and climate. The EM fungal community composition was significantly influenced by host plant phylogeny (12.1% of variation explained in EM fungal community), geographic distance (7.7%), soil (4.6%) and climate (1.1%). This finding highlights that environmental filtering linked to host plant phylogeny and dispersal limitation strongly influence EM fungal communities associated with Betulaceae plants in Chinese secondary forest ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Long Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Niu-Niu Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bin-Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xing-Chun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Peng-Peng Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Liang-Dong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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13
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Matsuoka S, Sugiyama Y, Tateno R, Imamura S, Kawaguchi E, Osono T. Evaluation of host effects on ectomycorrhizal fungal community compositions in a forested landscape in northern Japan. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2020; 7:191952. [PMID: 32257347 PMCID: PMC7062096 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.191952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Community compositions of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi are similar within the same host taxa. However, careful interpretation is required to determine whether the combination of ECM fungi and plants is explained by the host preference for ECM fungi, or by the influence of neighbouring heterospecific hosts. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of host species on the ECM community compositions in a forested landscape (approx. 10 km) where monodominant forest stands of six ECM host species belonging to three families were patchily distributed. A total of 180 ECM operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were detected with DNA metabarcoding. Quantitative multivariate analyses revealed that the ECM community compositions were primarily structured by host species and families, regardless of the soil environments and spatial arrangements of the sampling plots. In addition, 38 ECM OTUs were only detected from particular host tree species. Furthermore, the neighbouring plots harboured similar fungal compositions, although the host species were different. The relative effect of the spatial factors on the ECM compositions was weaker than that of host species. Our results suggest that the host preference for ECM fungi is the primary determinant of ECM fungal compositions in the forested landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Matsuoka
- Graduate School of Simulation Studies, University of Hyogo 7-1-28 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
- Author for correspondence: Shunsuke Matsuoka e-mail:
| | - Yoriko Sugiyama
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ryunosuke Tateno
- Field Science Education and Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shihomi Imamura
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Eri Kawaguchi
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takashi Osono
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
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14
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Wang YL, Gao C, Chen L, Ji NN, Wu BW, Lü PP, Li XC, Qian X, Maitra P, Babalola BJ, Zheng Y, Guo LD. Community Assembly of Endophytic Fungi in Ectomycorrhizae of Betulaceae Plants at a Regional Scale. Front Microbiol 2020; 10:3105. [PMID: 32038548 PMCID: PMC6986194 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.03105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction between aboveground and belowground biotic communities drives community assembly of plants and soil microbiota. As an important component of belowground microorganisms, root-associated fungi play pivotal roles in biodiversity maintenance and community assembly of host plants. The Betulaceae plants form ectomycorrhizae with soil fungi and widely distribute in various ecosystems. However, the community assembly of endophytic fungi in ectomycorrhizae is less investigated at a large spatial scale. Here, we examined the endophytic fungal communities in ectomycorrhizae of 22 species in four genera belonging to Betulaceae in Chinese forest ecosystems, using Illumina Miseq sequencing of internal transcribed spacer 2 amplicons. The relative contribution of host phylogeny, climate and soil (environmental filtering) and geographic distance (dispersal limitation) on endophytic fungal community was disentangled. In total, 2,106 endophytic fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained at a 97% sequence similarity level, dominated by Leotiomycetes, Agaricomycetes, Eurotiomycetes, and Sordariomycetes. The endophytic fungal OTU richness was significantly related with host phylogeny, geographic distance, soil and climate. The endophytic fungal community composition was significantly affected by host phylogeny (19.5% of variation explained in fungal community), geographic distance (11.2%), soil (6.1%), and climate (1.4%). This finding suggests that environmental filtering by plant and abiotic variables coupled with dispersal limitation linked to geographic distance determines endophytic fungal community assembly in ectomycorrhizae of Betulaceae plants, with host phylogeny being a stronger determinant than other predictor variables at the regional scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Long Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Niu-Niu Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bin-Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng-Peng Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xing-Chun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Qian
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pulak Maitra
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Busayo Joshua Babalola
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liang-Dong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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15
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Koizumi T, Nara K. Ectomycorrhizal fungal communities in ice-age relict forests of Pinus pumila on nine mountains correspond to summer temperature. THE ISME JOURNAL 2020; 14:189-201. [PMID: 31611652 PMCID: PMC6908592 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-019-0524-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi are critical symbionts of major forest trees, and their communities are affected by various environmental factors including temperature. However, previous knowledge concerning temperature effects does not exclude the effects of host species and coexisting plants, which usually change with temperature, and should be rigorously tested under the same vegetation type. Herein we examined ECM fungal communities in ice-age relict forests dominated by a single host species (Pinus pumila) distributed on nine mountains across >1000 km in Japan. Direct sequencing of rDNA ITS regions identified 154 ECM fungal species from 4134 ECM root-tip samples. Gradient analyses revealed a large contribution of temperature, especially summer temperature, to ECM fungal communities. Additionally, we explored global sequence records of each fungal species to infer its potential temperature niche, and used it to estimate the temperature of the observed communities. The estimated temperature was significantly correlated with the actual temperature of the research sites, especially in summer seasons, indicating inherent temperature niches of the fungal components could determine their distribution among the sites. These results indicate that temperature is still a significant determinant in structuring ECM fungal communities after excluding the effects of host species and coexisting plants. The results also imply that the rising temperature under global warming may have been affecting soil microbes unnoticeably, while such microbial community change may have been contributing to the resilience of the same vegetation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiko Koizumi
- Department of Natural Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8563, Japan.
- Department of Biosciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University, 3-25-40 Sakurajosui, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8550, Japan.
| | - Kazuhide Nara
- Department of Natural Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8563, Japan
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16
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Matsuoka S, Iwasaki T, Sugiyama Y, Kawaguchi E, Doi H, Osono T. Biogeographic Patterns of Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Communities Associated With Castanopsis sieboldii Across the Japanese Archipelago. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2656. [PMID: 31798567 PMCID: PMC6868053 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biogeographic patterns in ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal communities and their drivers have been elucidated, including effects of host tree species and abiotic (climatic and edaphic) conditions. At these geographic scales, genotypic diversity and composition of single host tree species change with spatial and environmental gradients, reflecting their historical dispersal events. However, whether the host genotypes can be associated with the biogeographic patterns of ECM communities remains unclear. We investigated the biogeographic pattern of ECM fungal community associated with the single host species Castanopsis sieboldii (Fagaceae), whose genotypic diversity and composition across the Japanese archipelago has already been evaluated. ECM communities were investigated in 12 mature Castanopsis-dominated forests covering almost the entire distribution range of C. sieboldii, and we quantified the effect of host genotypes on the biogeographic pattern of ECM fungal communities. Richness and community composition of ECM fungi changed with latitude and longitude; these biogeographic changes of ECM community were significantly correlated with host genotypic variables. Quantitative analyses showed a higher relative explanatory power of climatic and spatial variables than that of host genotypic variables for the biogeographic patterns in the ECM community. Our results suggest historical events of host dispersal can affect the biogeographic patterns of the ECM fungal community, while their explanation power was lower than that for climatic filtering and/or fungal dispersal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Matsuoka
- Graduate School of Simulation Studies, University of Hyogo, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takaya Iwasaki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, Hiratsuka, Japan
| | - Yoriko Sugiyama
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eri Kawaguchi
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Doi
- Graduate School of Simulation Studies, University of Hyogo, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takashi Osono
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
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17
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Discovery of Rhizopogon associated with Larix from northeastern Siberia: Insights into host shift of ectomycorrhizal fungi. MYCOSCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.myc.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Truong C, Gabbarini LA, Corrales A, Mujic AB, Escobar JM, Moretto A, Smith ME. Ectomycorrhizal fungi and soil enzymes exhibit contrasting patterns along elevation gradients in southern Patagonia. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 222:1936-1950. [PMID: 30689219 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The biological and functional diversity of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) associations remain largely unknown in South America. In Patagonia, the ECM tree Nothofagus pumilio forms monospecific forests along mountain slopes without confounding effects of vegetation on plant-fungi interactions. To determine how fungal diversity and function are linked to elevation, we characterized fungal communities, edaphic variables, and eight extracellular enzyme activities along six elevation transects in Tierra del Fuego (Argentina and Chile). We also tested whether pairing ITS1 rDNA Illumina sequences generated taxonomic biases related to sequence length. Fungal community shifts across elevations were mediated primarily by soil pH with the most species-rich fungal families occurring mostly within a narrow pH range. By contrast, enzyme activities were minimally influenced by elevation but correlated with soil factors, especially total soil carbon. The activity of leucine aminopeptidase was positively correlated with ECM fungal richness and abundance, and acid phosphatase was correlated with nonECM fungal abundance. Several fungal lineages were undetected when using exclusively paired or unpaired forward ITS1 sequences, and these taxonomic biases need reconsideration for future studies. Our results suggest that soil fungi in N. pumilio forests are functionally similar across elevations and that these diverse communities help to maintain nutrient mobilization across the elevation gradient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Truong
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP, 04510, Ciudad de México, México
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Luciano A Gabbarini
- Programa Interacciones Biológicas, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Buenos Aires, B1876BX, Argentina
| | - Adriana Corrales
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
- Programa de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, DC, 111221, Colombia
| | - Alija B Mujic
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
- Department of Biology, California State University at Fresno, Fresno, CA, 93740, USA
| | - Julio M Escobar
- Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CONICET), Ushuaia, V9410BFD, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina
| | - Alicia Moretto
- Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CONICET), Ushuaia, V9410BFD, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego, Ushuaia, V9410BFD, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina
| | - Matthew E Smith
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
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19
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Thoen E, Aas AB, Vik U, Brysting AK, Skrede I, Carlsen T, Kauserud H. A single ectomycorrhizal plant root system includes a diverse and spatially structured fungal community. MYCORRHIZA 2019; 29:167-180. [PMID: 30929039 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-019-00889-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Although only a relatively small proportion of plant species form ectomycorrhizae with fungi, it is crucial for growth and survival for a number of widespread woody plant species. Few studies have attempted to investigate the fine scale spatial structure of entire root systems of adult ectomycorrhizal (EcM) plants. Here, we use the herbaceous perennial Bistorta vivipara to map the entire root system of an adult EcM plant and investigate the spatial structure of its root-associated fungi. All EcM root tips were sampled, mapped and identified using a direct PCR approach and Sanger sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region. A total of 32.1% of all sampled root tips (739 of 2302) were successfully sequenced and clustered into 41 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). We observed a clear spatial structuring of the root-associated fungi within the root system. Clusters of individual OTUs were observed in the younger parts of the root system, consistent with observations of priority effects in previous studies, but were absent from the older parts of the root system. This may suggest a succession and fragmentation of the root-associated fungi even at a very fine scale, where competition likely comes into play at different successional stages within the root system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella Thoen
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (EVOGENE), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO box 1066, Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Anders B Aas
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (EVOGENE), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO box 1066, Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway
- Bymiljøetaten Oslo Kommune, PO box 636, Løren, 0507, Oslo, Norway
| | - Unni Vik
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (EVOGENE), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO box 1066, Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne K Brysting
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (EVOGENE), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO box 1066, Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Inger Skrede
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (EVOGENE), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO box 1066, Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tor Carlsen
- The Natural History museum, University of Oslo, PO box 1172, Blindern, 0318, Oslo, Norway
| | - Håvard Kauserud
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (EVOGENE), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO box 1066, Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway
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20
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Miyamoto Y, Terashima Y, Nara K. Temperature niche position and breadth of ectomycorrhizal fungi: Reduced diversity under warming predicted by a nested community structure. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2018; 24:5724-5737. [PMID: 30218546 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Species with narrow niche breadths are assumed to be more susceptible to environmental changes than those with wide niche breadths. Although information on niche properties is necessary for predicting biological responses to environmental changes, such information is largely missing for soil microbes. In this study, we present the temperature niche positions and breadths of a functionally important group of eukaryotic soil microbes, ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi. We compiled high-quality EM fungal sequence data from 26 forested sites in Japan (with mean annual temperatures ranging from 1.6 to 23.6°C) to create temperature niche profiles for each individual fungal species. Nested theory and a newly developed weighted-randomization null model were applied to 75 fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with high occurrence records to examine potential preferences for certain temperature positions and breadths. Our analyses revealed that (a) many EM fungal OTUs were restricted to habitats with low mean annual temperatures, (b) fungal OTUs observed at colder sites exhibited narrower temperature breadths than expected by chance, (c) the composition of EM fungal OTUs exhibited a nested pattern along the temperature gradient, and (d) EM fungal richness was highest at colder sites, where the greatest degree of overlap in OTU occurrence was observed. These findings imply that future warming may limit the distribution of many EM fungal species that are currently adapted to only cold climates. This could eventually reduce EM fungal biodiversity, which is linked to forest function through symbiotic associations with trees. This study demonstrates the distribution and environmental ranges of various EM fungal species and can contribute to develop species distribution models with the aim of conserving microbes in the face of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Miyamoto
- Arctic Research Center, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yoshie Terashima
- Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara-cho, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Nara
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, Japan
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Hua Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, C
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22
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Patterns in Ectomycorrhizal Diversity, Community Composition, and Exploration Types in European Beech, Pine, and Spruce Forests. FORESTS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/f9080445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi are pivotal drivers of ecosystem functioning in temperate and boreal forests. They constitute an important pathway for plant-derived carbon into the soil and facilitate nitrogen and phosphorus acquisition. However, the mechanisms that drive ectomycorrhizal diversity and community composition are still subject to discussion. We investigated patterns in ectomycorrhizal diversity, community composition, and exploration types on root tips in Fagus sylvatica,Picea abies, and Pinus sylvestris stands across Europe. Host tree species is the most important factor shaping the ectomycorrhizal community as well as the distribution of exploration types. Moreover, abiotic factors such as soil properties, N deposition, temperature, and precipitation, were found to significantly influence EM diversity and community composition. A clear differentiation into functional traits by means of exploration types was shown for all ectomycorrhizal communities across the three analyzed tree species. Contact and short-distance exploration types were clearly significantly more abundant than cord- or rhizomorph-forming long-distance exploration types of EM fungi. Medium-distance exploration types were significantly lower in abundance than contact and short-distance types, however they were the most frequent EM taxa and constituted nearly half of the EM community. Furthermore, EM taxa exhibit distinct ecological ranges, and the type of soil exploration seemed to determine whether EM taxa have small or rather big environmental ranges.
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23
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Miyamoto Y, Narimatsu M, Nara K. Effects of climate, distance, and a geographic barrier on ectomycorrhizal fungal communities in Japan: A comparison across Blakiston's Line. FUNGAL ECOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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24
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Effects of Management Practices and Topography on Ectomycorrhizal Fungi of Maritime Pine during Seedling Recruitment. FORESTS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/f9050245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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25
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Reis F, Valdiviesso T, Varela C, Tavares RM, Baptista P, Lino-Neto T. Ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity and community structure associated with cork oak in different landscapes. MYCORRHIZA 2018; 28:357-368. [PMID: 29654367 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-018-0832-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cork oak (Quercus suber L.) forests play an important ecological and economic role. Ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECMF) are key components for the sustainability and functioning of these ecosystems. The community structure and composition of ECMF associated with Q. suber in different landscapes of distinct Mediterranean bioclimate regions have not previously been compared. In this work, soil samples from cork oak forests residing in different bioclimates (arid, semi-arid, sub-humid, and humid) were collected and surveyed for ectomycorrhizal (ECM) root tips. A global analysis performed on 3565 ECM root tips revealed that the ECMF community is highly enriched in Russula, Tomentella, and Cenoccocum, which correspond to the ECMF genera that mainly contribute to community differences. The ECMF communities from the rainiest and the driest cork oak forests were distinct, with soils from the rainiest climates being more heterogeneous than those from the driest climates. The analyses of several abiotic factors on the ECMF communities revealed that bioclimate, precipitation, soil texture, and forest management strongly influenced ECMF structure. Shifts in ECMF with different hyphal exploration types were also detected among forests, with precipitation, forest system, and soil texture being the main drivers controlling their composition. Understanding the effects of environmental factors on the structuring of ECM communities could be the first step for promoting the sustainability of this threatened ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Reis
- BioSystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Plant Functional Biology Centre, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Teresa Valdiviesso
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P., UEIS-SAFSV, Av. da República Nova Oeiras, 2784-505, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Carolina Varela
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P., UEIS-SAFSV, Av. da República Nova Oeiras, 2784-505, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Rui M Tavares
- BioSystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Plant Functional Biology Centre, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Paula Baptista
- CIMO, School of Agriculture, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Teresa Lino-Neto
- BioSystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Plant Functional Biology Centre, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
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Erlandson S, Wei X, Savage J, Cavender-Bares J, Peay K. Soil abiotic variables are more important than Salicaceae phylogeny or habitat specialization in determining soil microbial community structure. Mol Ecol 2018; 27:2007-2024. [PMID: 29603835 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Predicting the outcome of interspecific interactions is a central goal in ecology. The diverse soil microbes that interact with plants are shaped by different aspects of plant identity, such as phylogenetic history and functional group. Species interactions may also be strongly shaped by abiotic environment, but there is mixed evidence on the relative importance of environment, plant identity and their interactions in shaping soil microbial communities. Using a multifactor, split-plot field experiment, we tested how hydrologic context, and three facets of Salicaceae plant identity-habitat specialization, phylogenetic distance and species identity-influence soil microbial community structure. Analysis of microbial community sequencing data with generalized dissimilarity models showed that abiotic environment explained up to 25% of variation in community composition of soil bacteria, fungi and archaea, while Salicaceae identity influenced <1% of the variation in community composition of soil microbial taxa. Multivariate linear models indicated that the influence of Salicaceae identity was small, but did contribute to differentiation of soil microbes within treatments. Moreover, results from a microbial niche breadth analysis show that soil microbes in wetlands have more specialized host associations than soil microbes in drier environments-showing that abiotic environment changed how plant identity correlated with soil microbial communities. This study demonstrates the predominance of major abiotic factors in shaping soil microbial community structure; the significance of abiotic context to biotic influence on soil microbes; and the utility of field experiments to disentangling the abiotic and biotic factors that are thought to be most essential for soil microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonya Erlandson
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xiaojing Wei
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Jessica Savage
- Department of Biology, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, USA
| | | | - Kabir Peay
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Koizumi T, Hattori M, Nara K. Ectomycorrhizal fungal communities in alpine relict forests of Pinus pumila on Mt. Norikura, Japan. MYCORRHIZA 2018; 28:129-145. [PMID: 29330574 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-017-0817-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) symbioses are indispensable for the establishment of host trees, yet available information of ECM symbiosis in alpine forests is scarce. Pinus pumila is a typical ice age relict tree species in Japan and often forms monodominant dwarf vegetation above the tree line in mountains. We studied ECM fungi colonizing P. pumila on Mt. Norikura, Japan, with reference to host developmental stages, i.e., from current-year seedlings to mature trees. ECM fungal species were identified based on rDNA ITS sequences. Ninety-two ECM fungal species were confirmed from a total of 2480 root tips examined. Species in /suillus-rhizopogon and /wilcoxina were dominant in seedling roots. ECM fungal diversity increased with host development, due to the addition of species-rich fungal lineages (/cenococcum, /cortinarius, and /russula-lactarius) in late-successional stages. Such successional pattern of ECM fungi is similar to those in temperate pine systems, suggesting the predominant role of /suillus-rhizopogon in seedling establishment, even in relict alpine habitats fragmented and isolated for a geological time period. Most of the ECM fungi detected were also recorded in Europe or North America, indicating their potential Holarctic distribution and the possibility of their comigration with P. pumila through land bridges during ice ages. In addition, we found significant effects of soil properties on ECM fungal communities, which explained 34.1% of the total variation of the fungal communities. While alpine vegetation is regarded as vulnerable to the ongoing global warming, ECM fungal communities associated with P. pumila could be altered by the edaphic change induced by the warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiko Koizumi
- Department of Natural Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8563, Japan.
| | - Masahira Hattori
- Laboratory of Metagenomics, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Nara
- Department of Natural Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8563, Japan
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Saitta A, Anslan S, Bahram M, Brocca L, Tedersoo L. Tree species identity and diversity drive fungal richness and community composition along an elevational gradient in a Mediterranean ecosystem. MYCORRHIZA 2018; 28:39-47. [PMID: 29110091 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-017-0806-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ecological and taxonomic knowledge is important for conservation and utilization of biodiversity. Biodiversity and ecology of fungi in Mediterranean ecosystems is poorly understood. Here, we examined the diversity and spatial distribution of fungi along an elevational gradient in a Mediterranean ecosystem, using DNA metabarcoding. This study provides novel information about diversity of all ecological and taxonomic groups of fungi along an elevational gradient in a Mediterranean ecosystem. Our analyses revealed that among all biotic and abiotic variables tested, host species identity is the main driver of the fungal richness and fungal community composition. Fungal richness was strongly associated with tree richness and peaked in Quercus-dominated habitats and Cistus-dominated habitats. The highest taxonomic richness of ectomycorrhizal fungi was observed under Quercus ilex, whereas the highest taxonomic richness of saprotrophs was found under Pinus. Our results suggest that the effect of plant diversity on fungal richness and community composition may override that of abiotic variables across environmental gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Saitta
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Sten Anslan
- Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mohammad Bahram
- Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Organismal Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Luca Brocca
- Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection, National Research Council, Perugia, Italy
| | - Leho Tedersoo
- National History Museum, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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29
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Jia S, Nakano T, Hattori M, Nara K. Root-associated fungal communities in three Pyroleae species and their mycobiont sharing with surrounding trees in subalpine coniferous forests on Mount Fuji, Japan. MYCORRHIZA 2017; 27:733-745. [PMID: 28707027 PMCID: PMC5645451 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-017-0788-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pyroleae species are perennial understory shrubs, many of which are partial mycoheterotrophs. Most fungi colonizing Pyroleae roots are ectomycorrhizal (ECM) and share common mycobionts with their Pyroleae hosts. However, such mycobiont sharing has neither been examined in depth before nor has the interspecific variation in sharing among Pyroleae species. Here, we examined root-associated fungal communities in three co-existing Pyroleae species, including Pyrola alpina, Pyrola incarnata, and Orthilia secunda, with reference to co-existing ECM fungi on the surrounding trees in the same soil blocks in subalpine coniferous forests. We identified 42, 75, and 18 fungal molecular operational taxonomic units in P. alpina, P. incarnata, and O. secunda roots, respectively. Mycobiont sharing with surrounding trees, which was defined as the occurrence of the same mycobiont between Pyroleae and surrounding trees in each soil block, was most frequent among P. incarnata (31 of 44 plants). In P. alpina, sharing was confirmed in 12 of 37 plants, and the fungal community was similar to that of P. incarnata. Mycobiont sharing was least common in O. secunda, found in only 5 of 32 plants. Root-associated fungi of O. secunda were dominated by Wilcoxina species, which were absent from the surrounding ECM roots in the same soil blocks. These results indicate that mycobiont sharing with surrounding trees does not equally occur among Pyroleae plants, some of which may develop independent mycorrhizal associations with ECM fungi, as suggested in O. secunda at our research sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzheng Jia
- Department of Natural Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8563, Japan.
| | - Takashi Nakano
- Mount Fuji Research Institute, Fujiyoshida, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Masahira Hattori
- Laboratory of Metagenomics, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Nara
- Department of Natural Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8563, Japan
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30
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Wang X, Liu J, Long D, Han Q, Huang J. The ectomycorrhizal fungal communities associated with Quercus liaotungensis in different habitats across northern China. MYCORRHIZA 2017; 27:441-449. [PMID: 28120112 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-017-0762-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Quercus liaotungensis is a major tree species in deciduous broad-leaved forests in northern China. In this study, we investigated ectomycorrhizal (ECM) communities associated with Q. liaotungensis from five typical habitats across northern China. We used internal transcribed spacer-polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing to identify ECM fungi, and we detected 220 operational taxonomic units. In general, at the regional scale, the dominant ECM lineages were /tomentella-thelephora, /cenococcum, /russula-lactarius, and /inocybe. Analysis of variance demonstrated significant differences in alpha diversity among these ECM communities, and the ECM fungal richness was positively correlated with elevation and soil organic matter. Analysis of similarity and a nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis revealed that there were significant differences in community composition, and the geographical distance was correlated with the ECM fungal communities. Among the environmental factors we studied, soil parameters and climate factors were the primary direct driving factors of the ECM fungal communities. Our study primarily advances our understanding of environmental factors affecting ECM fungal communities at regional scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Wang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
- Ningxia Helan Mountain Forest Ecosystem Orientational Research Station, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750000, China.
| | - Dongfeng Long
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Qisheng Han
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Jian Huang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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McCormack ML, Guo D, Iversen CM, Chen W, Eissenstat DM, Fernandez CW, Li L, Ma C, Ma Z, Poorter H, Reich PB, Zadworny M, Zanne A. Building a better foundation: improving root-trait measurements to understand and model plant and ecosystem processes. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2017; 215:27-37. [PMID: 28295373 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Trait-based approaches provide a useful framework to investigate plant strategies for resource acquisition, growth, and competition, as well as plant impacts on ecosystem processes. Despite significant progress capturing trait variation within and among stems and leaves, identification of trait syndromes within fine-root systems and between fine roots and other plant organs is limited. Here we discuss three underappreciated areas where focused measurements of fine-root traits can make significant contributions to ecosystem science. These include assessment of spatiotemporal variation in fine-root traits, integration of mycorrhizal fungi into fine-root-trait frameworks, and the need for improved scaling of traits measured on individual roots to ecosystem-level processes. Progress in each of these areas is providing opportunities to revisit how below-ground processes are represented in terrestrial biosphere models. Targeted measurements of fine-root traits with clear linkages to ecosystem processes and plant responses to environmental change are strongly needed to reduce empirical and model uncertainties. Further identifying how and when suites of root and whole-plant traits are coordinated or decoupled will ultimately provide a powerful tool for modeling plant form and function at local and global scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Luke McCormack
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Dali Guo
- Center of Forest Ecosystem Studies and Qianyanzhou Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Colleen M Iversen
- Climate Change Science Institute and Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Weile Chen
- Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - David M Eissenstat
- Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | | | - Le Li
- Center of Forest Ecosystem Studies and Qianyanzhou Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Chengen Ma
- Center of Forest Ecosystem Studies and Qianyanzhou Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zeqing Ma
- Center of Forest Ecosystem Studies and Qianyanzhou Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Hendrik Poorter
- Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, D-52425, Germany
| | - Peter B Reich
- Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, University of Western Sydney, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Marcin Zadworny
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, Kórnik, 62-035, Poland
| | - Amy Zanne
- Department of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
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Koizumi T, Nara K. Communities of Putative Ericoid Mycorrhizal Fungi Isolated from Alpine Dwarf Shrubs in Japan: Effects of Host Identity and Microhabitat. Microbes Environ 2017; 32:147-153. [PMID: 28529264 PMCID: PMC5478538 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me16180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dwarf shrubs of the family Ericaceae are common in arctic and alpine regions. Many of these plants are associated with ericoid mycorrhizal (ERM) fungi, which allow them to take nutrients and water from the soil under harsh environmental conditions and, thus, affect host plant survival. Despite the importance of ERM fungi to alpine plant communities, limited information is available on the effects of microhabitat and host identity on ERM fungal communities. We investigated the communities of putative ERM fungi isolated from five dwarf shrub species (Arcterica nana, Diapensia lapponica, Empetrum nigrum, Loiseleuria procumbens, and Vaccinium vitis-idaea) that co-occur in an alpine region of Japan, with reference to distinct microhabitats provided by large stone pine (Pinus pumila) shrubs (i.e. bare ground, the edge of stone pine shrubs, and the inside of stone pine shrubs). We obtained 703 fungal isolates from 222 individual plants. These isolates were classified into 55 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) based on the sequencing of internal transcribed spacer regions in ribosomal DNA. These putative ERM fungal communities were dominated by Helotiales fungi for all host species. Cistella and Trimmatostroma species, which have rarely been detected in ERM roots in previous studies, were abundant. ERM fungal communities were significantly different among microhabitats (R2=0.28), while the host effect explained less variance in the fungal communities after excluding the microhabitat effect (R2=0.17). Our results suggest that the host effect on ERM fungal communities is minor and the distributions of hosts and fungal communities may be assessed based on microhabitat conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiko Koizumi
- Department of Natural Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo5–1–5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277–8563Japan
| | - Kazuhide Nara
- Department of Natural Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo5–1–5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277–8563Japan
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Bruzone MC, Fehrer J, Fontenla SB, Vohník M. First record of Rhizoscyphus ericae in Southern Hemisphere's Ericaceae. MYCORRHIZA 2017; 27:147-163. [PMID: 27778093 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-016-0738-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Ericoid mycorrhiza is arguably the least investigated mycorrhizal type, particularly when related to the number of potential hosts and the ecosystems they inhabit. Little is known about the global distribution of ericoid mycorrhizal (ErM) fungi, and this holds true even for the prominent ErM mycobiont Rhizoscyphus ericae. Earlier studies suggested R. ericae might be low in abundance or absent in the roots of Southern Hemisphere's Ericaceae, and our previous investigations in two Argentine Patagonian forests supported this view. Here, we revisited the formerly investigated area, albeit at a higher altitude, and screened fungi inhabiting hair roots of Gaultheria caespitosa and Gaultheria pumila at a treeless alpine site using the same methods as previously. We obtained 234 isolates, most of them belonging to Ascomycota. In contrast to previous findings, however, among 37 detected operational taxonomic units (OTUs), OTU 1 (=R. ericae s. str.) comprised the highest number of isolates (87, ∼37 %). Most of the OTUs and isolates belonged to the Helotiales, and 82.5 % of isolates belonged to OTUs shared between both Gaultheria species. At the alpine site, ericoid mycorrhizal fungi dominated, followed by dark septate endophytes and aquatic hyphomycetes probably acting as root endophytes. Our results suggest that the distribution of R. ericae is influenced, among others, by factors related to altitude such as soil type and presence/absence and type of the neighboring vegetation. Our study is the first report on R. ericae colonizing Ericaceae roots in the Southern Hemisphere and extends the known range of this prominent ErM species to NW Patagonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Clara Bruzone
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Aplicada y Biotecnología, Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche, INIBIOMA (Universidad Nacional del Comahue-CONICET), Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Judith Fehrer
- DNA Laboratory, Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Průhonice, CZ-252 43, Czech Republic
| | - Sonia B Fontenla
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Aplicada y Biotecnología, Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche, INIBIOMA (Universidad Nacional del Comahue-CONICET), Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Martin Vohník
- Department of Mycorrhizal Symbioses, Institute of Botany CAS, Průhonice, CZ-252 43, Czech Republic.
- Department of Plant Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, CZ-128 44, Czech Republic.
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Tong H, Cai L, Zhou G, Yuan T, Zhang W, Tian R, Huang H, Qian PY. Temperature shapes coral-algal symbiosis in the South China Sea. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40118. [PMID: 28084322 PMCID: PMC5234030 DOI: 10.1038/srep40118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increase in sea surface temperature (SST), scleractinian corals are exposed to bleaching threats but may possess certain flexibilities in terms of their associations with symbiotic algae. Previous studies have shown a close symbiosis between coral the and Symbiodinium; however, the spatial variation of the symbiosis and the attribution underlying are not well understood. In the present study, we examined coral-algal symbiosis in Galaxea fascicularis and Montipora spp. from three biogeographic regions across ~10° of latitude in the South China Sea. Analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) indicated a highly flexible coral-algal symbiosis in both G. fascicularis and Montipora spp. and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that temperature explained 83.2% and 60.1% of the explanatory subclade variations in G. fascicularis and Montipora spp., respectively, which suggested that temperature was the main environmental factor contributing to the diversity of Symbiodinium across the three regions. The geographic specificity of the Symbiodinium phylogeny was identified, revealing possible environmental selection across the three regions. These results suggest that scleractinian corals may have the ability to regulate Symbiodinium community structures under different temperatures and thus be able to adapt to gradual climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoya Tong
- HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute and Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lin Cai
- HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute and Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Guowei Zhou
- HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute and Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.,Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Tao Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Weipeng Zhang
- HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute and Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Renmao Tian
- HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute and Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.,Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Pei-Yuan Qian
- HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute and Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China
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36
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Nacke H, Goldmann K, Schöning I, Pfeiffer B, Kaiser K, Castillo-Villamizar GA, Schrumpf M, Buscot F, Daniel R, Wubet T. Fine Spatial Scale Variation of Soil Microbial Communities under European Beech and Norway Spruce. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:2067. [PMID: 28066384 PMCID: PMC5177625 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.02067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The complex interactions between trees and soil microbes in forests as well as their inherent seasonal and spatial variations are poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed the effects of major European tree species (Fagus sylvatica L. and Picea abies (L.) Karst) on soil bacterial and fungal communities. Mineral soil samples were collected from different depths (0-10, 10-20 cm) and at different horizontal distances from beech or spruce trunks (0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 m) in early summer and autumn. We assessed the composition of soil bacterial and fungal communities based on 16S rRNA gene and ITS DNA sequences. Community composition of bacteria and fungi was most strongly affected by soil pH and tree species. Different ectomycorrhizal fungi (e.g., Tylospora) known to establish mutualistic associations with plant roots showed a tree species preference. Moreover, bacterial and fungal community composition showed spatial and seasonal shifts in soil surrounding beech and spruce. The relative abundance of saprotrophic fungi was higher at a depth of 0-10 vs. 10-20 cm depth. This was presumably a result of changes in nutrient availability, as litter input and organic carbon content decreased with soil depth. Overall bacterial community composition showed strong variations under spruce with increasing distance from the tree trunks, which might be attributed in part to higher fine root biomass near spruce trunks. Furthermore, overall bacterial community composition was strongly affected by season under deciduous trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Nacke
- Department of Genomic and Applied Microbiology and Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August UniversityGöttingen, Germany
| | - Kezia Goldmann
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchHalle, Germany
- Department of Biology II, University of LeipzigLeipzig, Germany
| | - Ingo Schöning
- Max Planck Institute for BiogeochemistryJena, Germany
| | - Birgit Pfeiffer
- Department of Genomic and Applied Microbiology and Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August UniversityGöttingen, Germany
| | - Kristin Kaiser
- Department of Genomic and Applied Microbiology and Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August UniversityGöttingen, Germany
| | - Genis A. Castillo-Villamizar
- Department of Genomic and Applied Microbiology and Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August UniversityGöttingen, Germany
| | | | - François Buscot
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchHalle, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-LeipzigLeipzig, Germany
| | - Rolf Daniel
- Department of Genomic and Applied Microbiology and Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August UniversityGöttingen, Germany
| | - Tesfaye Wubet
- Department of Soil Ecology, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchHalle, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-LeipzigLeipzig, Germany
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Bauman D, Raspé O, Meerts P, Degreef J, Ilunga Muledi J, Drouet T. Multiscale assemblage of an ectomycorrhizal fungal community: the influence of host functional traits and soil properties in a 10-ha miombo forest. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2016; 92:fiw151. [PMID: 27402715 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiw151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) are highly diversified and dominant in a number of forest ecosystems. Nevertheless, their scales of spatial distribution and the underlying ecological processes remain poorly understood. Although most EMF are considered to be generalists regarding host identity, a preference toward functional strategies of host trees has never been tested. Here, the EMF community was characterised by DNA sequencing in a 10-ha tropical dry season forest-referred to as miombo-an understudied ecosystem from a mycorrhizal perspective. We used 36 soil parameters and 21 host functional traits (FTs) as candidate explanatory variables in spatial constrained ordinations for explaining the EMF community assemblage. Results highlighted that the community variability was explained by host FTs related to the 'leaf economics spectrum' (adjusted R(2) = 11%; SLA, leaf area, foliar Mg content), and by soil parameters (adjusted R(2) = 17%), notably total forms of micronutrients or correlated available elements (Al, N, K, P). Both FTs and soil generated patterns in the community at scales ranging from 75 to 375 m. Our results indicate that soil is more important than previously thought for EMF in miombo woodlands, and show that FTs of host species can be better predictors of symbiont distribution than taxonomical identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bauman
- Laboratoire d'Écologie Végétale et Biogéochimie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 50 av. F. D. Roosevelt, CP 244, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Raspé
- Department of Bryophyta and Thallophyta, Botanic Garden Meise, 38 Nieuwlaan, B-1860 Meise, Belgium Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles, Direction Générale de l'Enseignement non obligatoire et de la Recherche scientifique, Rue A. Lavallée 1, 1080 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Meerts
- Laboratoire d'Écologie Végétale et Biogéochimie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 50 av. F. D. Roosevelt, CP 244, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Degreef
- Department of Bryophyta and Thallophyta, Botanic Garden Meise, 38 Nieuwlaan, B-1860 Meise, Belgium Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles, Direction Générale de l'Enseignement non obligatoire et de la Recherche scientifique, Rue A. Lavallée 1, 1080 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Ilunga Muledi
- Faculté des Sciences agronomiques, Université de Lubumbashi, Route Kasapa, BP 1825 Lubumbashi, The Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Thomas Drouet
- Laboratoire d'Écologie Végétale et Biogéochimie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 50 av. F. D. Roosevelt, CP 244, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Miyamoto Y, Nara K. Soil propagule banks of ectomycorrhizal fungi share many common species along an elevation gradient. MYCORRHIZA 2016; 26:189-197. [PMID: 26231215 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-015-0658-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We conducted bioassay experiments to investigate the soil propagule banks of ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi in old-growth forests along an elevation gradient and compared the elevation pattern with the composition of EM fungi on existing roots in the field. In total, 150 soil cores were collected from three forests on Mt. Ishizuchi, western Japan, and subjected to bioassays using Pinus densiflora and Betula maximowicziana. Using molecular analyses, we recorded 23 EM fungal species in the assayed propagule banks. Eight species (34.8 %) were shared across the three sites, which ranged from a warm-temperate evergreen mixed forest to a subalpine conifer forest. The elevation pattern of the assayed propagule banks differed dramatically from that of EM fungi on existing roots along the same gradient, where only a small proportion of EM fungal species (3.5 %) were shared across sites. The EM fungal species found in the assayed propagule banks included many pioneer fungal species and composition differed significantly from that on existing roots. Furthermore, only 4 of 23 species were shared between the two host species, indicating a strong effect of bioassay host identity in determining the propagule banks of EM fungi. These results imply that the assayed propagule bank is less affected by climate compared to EM fungal communities on existing roots. The dominance of disturbance-dependent fungal species in the assayed propagule banks may result in higher ecosystem resilience to disturbance even in old-growth temperate forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Miyamoto
- Department of Natural Environmental Studies, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8563, Japan.
| | - Kazuhide Nara
- Department of Natural Environmental Studies, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8563, Japan
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Goldmann K, Schöning I, Buscot F, Wubet T. Forest Management Type Influences Diversity and Community Composition of Soil Fungi across Temperate Forest Ecosystems. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1300. [PMID: 26635766 PMCID: PMC4656839 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal communities have been shown to be highly sensitive toward shifts in plant diversity and species composition in forest ecosystems. However, little is known about the impact of forest management on fungal diversity and community composition of geographically separated sites. This study examined the effects of four different forest management types on soil fungal communities. These forest management types include age class forests of young managed beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), with beech stands age of approximately 30 years, age class beech stands with an age of approximately 70 years, unmanaged beech stands, and coniferous stands dominated by either pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) or spruce (Picea abies Karst.) which are located in three study sites across Germany. Soil were sampled from 48 study plots and we employed fungal ITS rDNA pyrotag sequencing to assess the soil fungal diversity and community structure. We found that forest management type significantly affects the Shannon diversity of soil fungi and a significant interaction effect of study site and forest management on the fungal operational taxonomic units richness. Consequently distinct fungal communities were detected in the three study sites and within the four forest management types, which were mainly related to the main tree species. Further analysis of the contribution of soil properties revealed that C/N ratio being the most important factor in all the three study sites whereas soil pH was significantly related to the fungal community in two study sites. Functional assignment of the fungal communities indicated that 38% of the observed communities were Ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECM) and their distribution is significantly influenced by the forest management. Soil pH and C/N ratio were found to be the main drivers of the ECM fungal community composition. Additional fungal community similarity analysis revealed the presence of study site and management type specific ECM genera. This study extends our knowledge on the impact of forest management type on general and ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity and community structure in temperate forests. High plasticity across management types but also study site specific spatial distribution revealed new insights in the ECM fungal distribution patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kezia Goldmann
- Department of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZHalle, Germany
- Department of Biology II, University of LeipzigLeipzig, Germany
| | - Ingo Schöning
- Max Planck Institute for BiogeochemistryJena, Germany
| | - François Buscot
- Department of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZHalle, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-LeipzigLeipzig, Germany
| | - Tesfaye Wubet
- Department of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZHalle, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-LeipzigLeipzig, Germany
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Li M, Baker BJ, Anantharaman K, Jain S, Breier JA, Dick GJ. Genomic and transcriptomic evidence for scavenging of diverse organic compounds by widespread deep-sea archaea. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8933. [PMID: 26573375 PMCID: PMC4660358 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial activity is one of the most important processes to mediate the flux of organic carbon from the ocean surface to the seafloor. However, little is known about the microorganisms that underpin this key step of the global carbon cycle in the deep oceans. Here we present genomic and transcriptomic evidence that five ubiquitous archaeal groups actively use proteins, carbohydrates, fatty acids and lipids as sources of carbon and energy at depths ranging from 800 to 4,950 m in hydrothermal vent plumes and pelagic background seawater across three different ocean basins. Genome-enabled metabolic reconstructions and gene expression patterns show that these marine archaea are motile heterotrophs with extensive mechanisms for scavenging organic matter. Our results shed light on the ecological and physiological properties of ubiquitous marine archaea and highlight their versatile metabolic strategies in deep oceans that might play a critical role in global carbon cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.,Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Brett J Baker
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.,Department of Marine Science, University of Texas Austin, Marine Science Institute, 750 Channel View Drive, Port Aransas, Texas 78373, USA
| | - Karthik Anantharaman
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Sunit Jain
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - John A Breier
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA.,University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas 78520, USA
| | - Gregory J Dick
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.,Center of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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