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Hohmann A, Zhang K, Mooshage CM, Jende JME, Rotkopf LT, Schlemmer HP, Bendszus M, Wick W, Kurz FT. Whole-Brain Vascular Architecture Mapping Identifies Region-Specific Microvascular Profiles In Vivo. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2024; 45:1346-1354. [PMID: 39054290 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a8344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The novel MR imaging technique of vascular architecture mapping allows in vivo characterization of local changes in cerebral microvasculature, but reference ranges for vascular architecture mapping parameters in healthy brain tissue are lacking, limiting its potential applicability as an MR imaging biomarker in clinical practice. We conducted whole-brain vascular architecture mapping in a large cohort to establish vascular architecture mapping parameter references ranges and identify region-specific cortical and subcortical microvascular profiles. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a single-center examination of adult patients with unifocal, stable low-grade gliomas with multiband spin- and gradient-echo EPI sequence at 3T using parallel imaging. Voxelwise plotting of resulting values for gradient-echo (R2*) versus spin-echo (R2) relaxation rates during contrast agent bolus administration generates vessel vortex curves that allow the extraction of vascular architecture mapping parameters representative of, eg, vessel type, vessel radius, or CBV in the underlying voxel. Averaged whole-brain parametric maps were calculated for 9 parameters, and VOI analysis was conducted on the basis of a standardized brain atlas and individual cortical GM and WM segmentation. RESULTS Prevalence of vascular risk factors among subjects (n = 106; mean age, 39.2 [SD, 12.5] years; 56 women) was similar to those in the German population. Compared with WM, we found cortical GM to have larger mean vascular calibers (5.80 [SD, 0.59] versus 4.25 [SD, 0.62] P < .001), increased blood volume fraction (20.40 [SD, 4.49] s-1 versus 11.05 [SD, 2.44] s-1; P < .001), and a dominance of venous vessels. Distinct microvascular profiles emerged for cortical GM, where vascular architecture mapping vessel type indicator differed, eg, between the thalamus and cortical GM (mean, -2.47 [SD, 4.02] s-2 versus -5.41 [SD, 2.84] s-2; P < .001). Intraclass correlation coefficient values indicated overall high test-retest reliability for vascular architecture mapping parameter mean values when comparing multiple scans per subject. CONCLUSIONS Whole-brain vascular architecture mapping in the adult brain reveals region-specific microvascular profiles. The obtained parameter reference ranges for distinct anatomic and functional brain areas may be used for future vascular architecture mapping studies on cerebrovascular pathologies and might facilitate early discovery of microvascular changes, in, eg, neurodegeneration and neuro-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Hohmann
- From the Department of Neurology (A.H., W.W.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology (K.Z.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph M Mooshage
- Department of Neuroradiology (C.M.M., J.M.E.J., M.B., F.T.K.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johann M E Jende
- Department of Neuroradiology (C.M.M., J.M.E.J., M.B., F.T.K.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lukas T Rotkopf
- Division of Radiology (L.T.R., H.-P.S., F.T.K.) German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heinz-Peter Schlemmer
- Division of Radiology (L.T.R., H.-P.S., F.T.K.) German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Bendszus
- Department of Neuroradiology (C.M.M., J.M.E.J., M.B., F.T.K.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wick
- From the Department of Neurology (A.H., W.W.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology (W.W.), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix T Kurz
- Department of Neuroradiology (C.M.M., J.M.E.J., M.B., F.T.K.), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Radiology (L.T.R., H.-P.S., F.T.K.) German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Neuroradiology (F.T.K.), University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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2
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Lee H, Fu JF, Gaudet K, Bryant AG, Price JC, Bennett RE, Johnson KA, Hyman BT, Hedden T, Salat DH, Yen YF, Huang SY. Aberrant vascular architecture in the hippocampus correlates with tau burden in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024; 44:787-800. [PMID: 38000018 PMCID: PMC11197134 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231216144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Cerebrovascular dysfunction is a significant contributor to Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. AD mouse models show altered capillary morphology, density, and diminished blood flow in areas of tau and beta-amyloid accumulation. The purpose of this study was to examine alterations in vascular structure and their contributions to perfusion deficits in the hippocampus in AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Seven individuals with AD and MCI (1 AD/6 MCI), nine cognitively intact older healthy adults, and seven younger healthy adults underwent pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (PCASL) and gradient-echo/spin-echo (GESE) dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) MRI. Cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume, relative vessel size index (rVSI), and mean vessel density were calculated from model fitting. Lower CBF from PCASL and SE DSC MRI was observed in the hippocampus of AD/MCI group. rVSI in the hippocampus of the AD/MCI group was larger than that of the two healthy groups (FDR-P = 0.02). No difference in vessel density was detected between the groups. We also explored relationship of tau burden from 18F-flortaucipir positron emission tomography and vascular measures from MRI. Tau burden was associated with larger vessel size and lower CBF in the hippocampus. We postulate that larger vessel size may be associated with vascular alterations in AD/MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansol Lee
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Jessie Fanglu Fu
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Kyla Gaudet
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Annie G Bryant
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Julie C Price
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Rachel E Bennett
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Keith A Johnson
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bradley T Hyman
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Trey Hedden
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - David H Salat
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Yi-Fen Yen
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Susie Y Huang
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
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3
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Bollmann S, Mattern H, Bernier M, Robinson SD, Park DJ, Speck O, Polimeni JR. Imaging of the pial arterial vasculature of the human brain in vivo using high-resolution 7T time-of-flight angiography. eLife 2022; 11:71186. [PMID: 35486089 PMCID: PMC9150892 DOI: 10.7554/elife.71186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The pial arterial vasculature of the human brain is the only blood supply to the neocortex, but quantitative data on the morphology and topology of these mesoscopic arteries (diameter 50–300 µm) remains scarce. Because it is commonly assumed that blood flow velocities in these vessels are prohibitively slow, non-invasive time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA)—which is well suited to high 3D imaging resolutions—has not been applied to imaging the pial arteries. Here, we provide a theoretical framework that outlines how TOF-MRA can visualize small pial arteries in vivo, by employing extremely small voxels at the size of individual vessels. We then provide evidence for this theory by imaging the pial arteries at 140 µm isotropic resolution using a 7 Tesla (T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner and prospective motion correction, and show that pial arteries one voxel width in diameter can be detected. We conclude that imaging pial arteries is not limited by slow blood flow, but instead by achievable image resolution. This study represents the first targeted, comprehensive account of imaging pial arteries in vivo in the human brain. This ultra-high-resolution angiography will enable the characterization of pial vascular anatomy across the brain to investigate patterns of blood supply and relationships between vascular and functional architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Bollmann
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Hendrik Mattern
- Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michaël Bernier
- Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, United States
| | - Simon D Robinson
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Daniel J Park
- Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, United States
| | - Oliver Speck
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg, Germany
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4
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Foda A, Kellner E, Gunawardana A, Gao X, Janz M, Kufner A, Khalil AA, Geran R, Mekle R, Fiebach JB, Galinovic I. Differentiation of Cerebral Neoplasms with Vessel Size Imaging (VSI). Clin Neuroradiol 2022; 32:239-248. [PMID: 34940899 PMCID: PMC8894153 DOI: 10.1007/s00062-021-01129-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cerebral neoplasms of various histological origins may show comparable appearances on conventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Vessel size imaging (VSI) is an MRI technique that enables noninvasive assessment of microvasculature by providing quantitative estimates of microvessel size and density. In this study, we evaluated the potential of VSI to differentiate between brain tumor types based on their microvascular morphology. METHODS Using a clinical 3T MRI scanner, VSI was performed on 25 patients with cerebral neoplasms, 10 with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), 8 with primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) and 7 with cerebral lung cancer metastasis (MLC). Following the postprocessing of VSI maps, mean vessel diameter (vessel size index, vsi) and microvessel density (Q) were compared across tumors, peritumoral areas, and healthy tissues. RESULTS The MLC tumors have larger and less dense microvasculature compared to PCNSLs in terms of vsi and Q (p = 0.0004 and p < 0.0001, respectively). GBM tumors have higher yet non-significantly different vsi values than PCNSLs (p = 0.065) and non-significant differences in Q. No statistically significant differences in vsi or Q were present between GBMs and MLCs. GBM tumor volume was positively correlated with vsi (r = 0.502, p = 0.0017) and negatively correlated with Q (r = -0.531, p = 0.0007). CONCLUSION Conventional MRI parameters are helpful in differentiating between PCNSLs, GBMs, and MLCs. Additionally incorporating VSI parameters into the diagnostic protocol could help in further differentiating between PCNSLs and metastases and potentially between PCNSLs and GBMs. Future studies in larger patient cohorts are required to establish diagnostic cut-off values for VSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Foda
- International Graduate Program Medical Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elias Kellner
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Asanka Gunawardana
- Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Str. 2, 10178, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Janz
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Kufner
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Str. 2, 10178, Berlin, Germany
- Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ahmed A Khalil
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Str. 2, 10178, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rohat Geran
- Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Mekle
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jochen B Fiebach
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ivana Galinovic
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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5
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Kang M, Jin S, Cho H. MRI investigation of vascular remodeling for heterogeneous edema lesions in subacute ischemic stroke rat models: Correspondence between cerebral vessel structure and function. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2021; 41:3273-3287. [PMID: 34233533 PMCID: PMC8669276 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x211029197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The spatial heterogeneity in the temporal occurrence of pseudo-normalization of MR apparent diffusion coefficient values for ischemic lesions may be related to morphological and functional vascular remodeling. As the area of accelerated pseudo-normalization tends to expand faster and more extensively into the chronic stage, detailed vascular characterization of such areas is necessary. During the subacute stage of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion rat models, the morphological size of the macrovasculature, microvascular vessel size index (VSI), and microvessel density (MVD) were quantified along with functional perfusion measurements of the relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and mean transit time (rMTT) of the corresponding areas (33 cases for each parameter). When compared with typical pseudo-normalization lesions, early pseudo-normalization lesions exhibited larger VSI and rCBF (p < 0.001) at reperfusion days 4 and 7, along with reduced MVD and elongated rMTT (p < 0.001) at reperfusion days 1, 4, and 7. The group median VSI and rCBF exhibited a strong positive correlation (r = 0.92), and the corresponding MVD and rMTT showed a negative correlation (r = -0.48). Light sheet fluorescence microscopy images were used to quantitatively validate the corresponding MRI-derived microvascular size, density, and cerebral blood volume.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - HyungJoon Cho
- HyungJoon Cho, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Unist-gil 50 (100 Banyeon-ri), Eonyang-eup, Uljugun, Ulsan Metropolitan City 689-798, South Korea.
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6
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Kufner A, Khalil AA, Galinovic I, Kellner E, Mekle R, Rackoll T, Boehm-Sturm P, Fiebach JB, Flöel A, Ebinger M, Endres M, Nave AH. Magnetic resonance imaging-based changes in vascular morphology and cerebral perfusion in subacute ischemic stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2021; 41:2617-2627. [PMID: 33866849 PMCID: PMC8504415 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x211010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
MRI-based vessel size imaging (VSI) allows for in-vivo assessment of cerebral microvasculature and perfusion. This exploratory analysis of vessel size (VS) and density (Q; both assessed via VSI) in the subacute phase of ischemic stroke involved sixty-two patients from the BAPTISe cohort ('Biomarkers And Perfusion--Training-Induced changes after Stroke') nested within a randomized controlled trial (intervention: 4-week training vs. relaxation). Relative VS, Q, cerebral blood volume (rCBV) and -flow (rCBF) were calculated for: ischemic lesion, perilesional tissue, and region corresponding to ischemic lesion on the contralateral side (mirrored lesion). Linear mixed-models detected significantly increased rVS and decreased rQ within the ischemic lesion compared to the mirrored lesion (coefficient[standard error]: 0.2[0.08] p = 0.03 and -1.0[0.3] p = 0.02, respectively); lesion rCBF and rCBV were also significantly reduced. Mixed-models did not identify time-to-MRI, nor training as modifying factors in terms of rVS or rQ up to two months post-stroke. Larger lesion VS was associated with larger lesion volumes (β 34, 95%CI 6.2-62; p = 0.02) and higher baseline NIHSS (β 3.0, 95%CI 0.49-5.3;p = 0.02), but was not predictive of six-month outcome. In summary, VSI can assess the cerebral microvasculature and tissue perfusion in the subacute phases of ischemic stroke, and may carry relevant prognostic value in terms of lesion volume and stroke severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kufner
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ahmed A Khalil
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Max Plank Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ivana Galinovic
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elias Kellner
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Mekle
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Torsten Rackoll
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,QUEST Center for Transforming Biomedical Research, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,ExcellenceCluster NeuroCure, Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Boehm-Sturm
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence and Charité Core Facility 7T Experimental MRIs, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jochen B Fiebach
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Agnes Flöel
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Partner Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martin Ebinger
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Medical Park Berlin Humboldtmühle, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Endres
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,ExcellenceCluster NeuroCure, Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander H Nave
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany
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7
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Chang SK, Kim J, Lee D, Yoo CH, Jin S, Rhee HY, Ryu CW, Lee JK, Cho H, Jahng GH. Mapping of microvascular architecture in the brain of an Alzheimer's disease mouse model using MRI. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4481. [PMID: 33590547 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that alterations in cerebral microvasculature play a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The objective of this study was to characterize and evaluate the cerebral microvascular architecture of AD transgenic (Tg) mice and compare it with that of non-Tg mice using brain microvascular indices obtained by MRI. Seven non-Tg mice and 10 5xFAD Tg mice were scanned using a 7-T animal MRI system to measure the transverse relaxation rates of R2 and R2* before and after the injection of the monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticle contrast agent. After calculating ΔR2* and ΔR2, the vessel size index (VSI), mean vessel diameter (mVD), mean vessel density, mean vessel-weighted image (MvWI) and blood volume fraction (BVf) were mapped. Voxel-based analyses and region of interest (ROI)-based analyses were performed to compare the indices of the non-Tg and Tg groups. Voxel comparisons showed that BVf, mVD, VSI and MvWI were greater in the Tg group than in the non-Tg group. Additionally, the ROI-based analysis showed that ΔR2*, BVf, mVD, MvWI and VSI increased in several brain regions of the Tg group compared with those in the non-Tg group. VSI and mVD increased in Tg mice; these findings indicated microvascular disruption in the brain that could be related to damage to the neurovascular unit in AD caused by cerebral amyloid angiopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk-Ki Chang
- Hallym University Medical Center, Hwasung, Republic of Korea
| | - JeongYeong Kim
- Department of Physics, Undergraduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - DongKyu Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hyun Yoo
- Department of Physics, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokha Jin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Young Rhee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Woo Ryu
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kil Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - HyungJoon Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon-Ho Jahng
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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8
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Guerraty M, Bhargava A, Senarathna J, Mendelson AA, Pathak AP. Advances in translational imaging of the microcirculation. Microcirculation 2021; 28:e12683. [PMID: 33524206 PMCID: PMC8647298 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The past few decades have seen an explosion in the development and use of methods for imaging the human microcirculation during health and disease. The confluence of innovative imaging technologies, affordable computing power, and economies of scale have ushered in a new era of "translational" imaging that permit us to peer into blood vessels of various organs in the human body. These imaging techniques include near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), positron emission tomography (PET), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that are sensitive to microvascular-derived signals, as well as computed tomography (CT), optical imaging, and ultrasound (US) imaging that are capable of directly acquiring images at, or close to microvascular spatial resolution. Collectively, these imaging modalities enable us to characterize the morphological and functional changes in a tissue's microcirculation that are known to accompany the initiation and progression of numerous pathologies. Although there have been significant advances for imaging the microcirculation in preclinical models, this review focuses on developments in the assessment of the microcirculation in patients with optical imaging, NIRS, PET, US, MRI, and CT, to name a few. The goal of this review is to serve as a springboard for exploring the burgeoning role of translational imaging technologies for interrogating the structural and functional status of the microcirculation in humans, and highlight the breadth of current clinical applications. Making the human microcirculation "visible" in vivo to clinicians and researchers alike will facilitate bench-to-bedside discoveries and enhance the diagnosis and management of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Guerraty
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of
Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA,
USA
| | - Akanksha Bhargava
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological
Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Janaka Senarathna
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological
Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Asher A. Mendelson
- Department of Medicine, Section of Critical Care, Rady
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Arvind P. Pathak
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological
Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins
University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Johns Hopkins
University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns
Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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9
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Digernes I, Nilsen LB, Grøvik E, Bjørnerud A, Løvland G, Vik-Mo E, Meling TR, Saxhaug C, Helland Å, Jacobsen KD, Geier O, Emblem KE. Noise dependency in vascular parameters from combined gradient-echo and spin-echo DSC MRI. Phys Med Biol 2020; 65:225020. [PMID: 33200748 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/abb71a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) imaging is a widely used technique for assessment of cerebral blood volume (CBV). With combined gradient-echo and spin-echo DSC techniques, measures of the underlying vessel size and vessel architecture can be obtained from the vessel size index (VSI) and vortex area, respectively. However, how noise, and specifically the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), affect the estimations of these parameters has largely been overlooked. In order to address this issue, we have performed simulations to generate DSC signals with varying levels of CNR, defined by the peak of relaxation rate curve divided by the standard deviation of the baseline. Moreover, DSC data from 59 brain cancer patients were acquired at two different 3 T-scanners (N = 29 and N = 30, respectively), where CNR and relative parameter maps were obtained. Our simulations showed that the measured parameters were affected by CNR in different ways, where low CNR led to overestimations of CBV and underestimations of VSI and vortex area. In addition, a higher noise-sensitivity was found in vortex area than in CBV and VSI. Results from clinical data were consistent with simulations, and indicated that CNR < 4 gives highly unreliable measurements. Moreover, we have shown that the distribution of values in the tumour regions could change considerably when voxels with CNR below a given cut off are excluded when generating the relative parameter maps. The widespread use of CBV and attractive potential of VSI and vortex area, makes the noise-sensitivity of these parameters found in our study relevant for further use and development of the DSC imaging technique. Our results suggest that the CNR has considerable impact on the measured parameters, with the potential to affect the clinical interpretation of DSC-MRI, and should therefore be taken into account in the clinical decision-making process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Digernes
- Department of Diagnostic Physics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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10
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Choi HI, Ryu CW, Kim S, Rhee HY, Jahng GH. Changes in Microvascular Morphology in Subcortical Vascular Dementia: A Study of Vessel Size Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Front Neurol 2020; 11:545450. [PMID: 33192974 PMCID: PMC7658467 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.545450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cerebral small vessel disease is the most common cause of subcortical vascular dementia (SVaD). Unfortunately, conventional imaging techniques do not always demonstrate the microvascular pathology that is associated with small vessel disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in the microvascular structure of SVaD and to identify how the microvascular changes in vessel size, detected with imaging, affect the gray matter. Methods: Ten SVaD patients and 12 healthy controls underwent vessel size imaging with gradient-echo and spin-echo sequences before and after contrast agent injection. Four microvessel index maps, including total blood volume fraction (BVf), mean vessel density (Q), mean vessel diameter (mVD), and vessel size index (VSI) were calculated. ROI value of each microvessel parameter was compared between SVaD patients and controls. Voxel-wise comparison of microvessel parameters was also performed to assess the regional difference. The relationship between the microvessel parameters in white matter and total gray matter volume (TGV) were assessed. Results: Both mVD and VSI were significantly different between the SVaD and controls in the ROI-based comparisons (unpaired t-test, p < 0.05). mVD and VSI were significantly increased in the SVaD group at the subcortical, periventricular white matter, basal ganglia, and thalami compared with the controls (FDR corrected, p < 0.05). VSI in the white matter areas were significantly negatively correlated with TGV (r = −0.446, p < 0.05). Conclusions: The increase of mVD and VSI in SVaD patients reflects the damage of the microvessels in the white matter, and these changes may lead to the damage of the gray matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Il Choi
- Department of Radiology, Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang-Woo Ryu
- Department of Radiology, Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, South Korea.,College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Songvin Kim
- Department of Radiology, Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hak Young Rhee
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Geon-Ho Jahng
- Department of Radiology, Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, South Korea
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11
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Xu X, Meng T, Wen Q, Tao M, Wang P, Zhong K, Shen Y. Dynamic changes in vascular size and density in transgenic mice with Alzheimer's disease. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:17224-17234. [PMID: 32908022 PMCID: PMC7521516 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we used vessel size imaging to investigate the specific microvascular changes and most susceptible brain regions during AD progression in an amyloid precursor protein 23 (APP23) transgenic AD mouse model. Using 9.4 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the values of microvascular density (Density), mean vessel diameter (mVD), and vessel size index (VSI) were compared between APP23 and wild-type (WT) mice at 3, 6, 9, 14, and 20 months of age. Our results demonstrate that in 20-month old APP23 and WT mice, the Density values were significantly decreased, while the vascular dilatation and diameter had increased. However, a transient increase in the cortex Density at 14-months was observed in APP23 mice. Additionally, our results suggest that the hippocampus is the susceptible brain region affected by the abnormal microvascular angiogenesis during the early stages of AD. Together, our findings indicate that vessel size imaging using MRI can provide novel biomarkers for the early detection of AD, and for monitoring the effects of vascular-targeted therapeutics in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Xu
- Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, First University Affiliated Hospital, Neurodegenerative Disorder Research Center, Division of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Material Science National Laboratory at Microscale, CAS-Key Laboratory of Brain Functions and Brain Disorders, Center for Excellent in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Hefei, China,Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Meng
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingqing Wen
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengling Tao
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peijun Wang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Zhong
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China,Key Laboratory of Anhui Province for High Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Hefei, China,Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Shen
- Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, First University Affiliated Hospital, Neurodegenerative Disorder Research Center, Division of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Material Science National Laboratory at Microscale, CAS-Key Laboratory of Brain Functions and Brain Disorders, Center for Excellent in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Hefei, China
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12
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Kang M, Jin S, Lee D, Cho H. MRI Visualization of Whole Brain Macro- and Microvascular Remodeling in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke: A Pilot Study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4989. [PMID: 32193454 PMCID: PMC7081185 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61656-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) as a single contrast agent, we investigated dual contrast cerebrovascular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for simultaneously monitoring macro- and microvasculature and their association with ischemic edema status (via apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC]) in transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) rat models. High-resolution T1-contrast based ultra-short echo time MR angiography (UTE-MRA) visualized size remodeling of pial arteries and veins whose mutual association with cortical ischemic edema status is rarely reported. ΔR2-ΔR2*-MRI-derived vessel size index (VSI) and density indices (Q and MVD) mapped morphological changes of microvessels occurring in subcortical ischemic edema lesions. In cortical ischemic edema lesions, significantly dilated pial veins (p = 0.0051) and thinned pial arteries (p = 0.0096) of ipsilateral brains compared to those of contralateral brains were observed from UTE-MRAs. In subcortical regions, ischemic edema lesions had a significantly decreased Q and MVD values (p < 0.001), as well as increased VSI values (p < 0.001) than normal subcortical tissues in contralateral brains. This pilot study suggests that MR-based morphological vessel changes, including but not limited to venous blood vessels, are directly related to corresponding tissue edema status in ischemic stroke rat models.
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Affiliation(s)
- MungSoo Kang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - SeokHa Jin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - DongKyu Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - HyungJoon Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea.
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13
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Zhang K, Yun SD, Triphan SMF, Sturm VJ, Buschle LR, Hahn A, Heiland S, Bendszus M, Schlemmer HP, Shah NJ, Ziener CH, Kurz FT. Vessel architecture imaging using multiband gradient-echo/spin-echo EPI. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220939. [PMID: 31398234 PMCID: PMC6688807 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To apply the MB (multiband) excitation and blipped-CAIPI (blipped-controlled aliasing in parallel imaging) techniques in a spin and gradient-echo (SAGE) EPI sequence to improve the slice coverage for vessel architecture imaging (VAI). Materials and methods Both MB excitation and blipped-CAIPI with in-plane parallel imaging were incorporated into a gradient-echo (GE)/spin-echo (SE) EPI sequence for simultaneous tracking of the dynamic MR signal changes in both GE and SE contrasts after the injection of contrast agent. MB and singleband (SB) excitation were compared using a 20-channel head coil at 3 Tesla, and high-resolution MB VAI could be performed in 32 glioma patients. Results Whole-brain covered high resolution VAI can be achieved after applying multiband excitation with a factor of 2 and in-plane parallel imaging with a factor of 3. The quality of the images resulting from MB acceleration was comparable to those from the SB method: images were reconstructed without any loss of spatial resolution or severe distortions. In addition, MB and SB signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) were similar. A relative low g-factor induced from the MB acceleration method was achieved after using a blipped-CAIPI technique (1.35 for GE and 1.33 for SE imaging). Performing quantitative VAI, we found that, among all VAI parametric maps, microvessel type indicator (MTI), distance map (I) and vascular-induced bolus peak-time shift (VIPS) were highly correlated. Likewise, VAI parametric maps of slope, slope length and short axis were highly correlated. Conclusions Multiband accelerated SAGE successfully doubles the number of readout slices in the same measurement time when compared to conventional readout sequences. The corresponding VAI parametric maps provide insights into the complexity and heterogeneity of vascular changes in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- Department of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Seong Dae Yun
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine- 4, Medical Imaging Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
| | - Simon M F Triphan
- Department of Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Volker J Sturm
- Department of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lukas R Buschle
- Department of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Artur Hahn
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Heiland
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Bendszus
- Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - N Jon Shah
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine- 4, Medical Imaging Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, JARA, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian H Ziener
- Department of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix T Kurz
- Department of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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14
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Vejdani Afkham B, Masjoodi S, Oghabian MA, Ghodsi SR, Nazem Zadeh MR, Esmati E, Farzin M, Gilasi M, Hashemi H. Evaluation of contrast agent dose and diffusion coefficient measurement on vessel size index estimation. MAGNETIC RESONANCE MATERIALS IN PHYSICS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 32:529-537. [PMID: 31270714 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-019-00760-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The goal of this study is to examine the effect of contrast agent (CA) dose and diffusion coefficient on the estimation of vessel size index (VSI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Three groups of four participants were enrolled in this study and two different experiments were performed. Different dose of CA, namely 0.1 mmol/kg and 0.05 mmol/kg were assessed in two groups of normal subjects. Diffusion coefficient effect was assessed in the third group with high-grade glioma. Imaging included gradient echo and spin-echo DSC and DTI on a 3-T MR Scanner. RESULTS VSI estimation using half of standard dose of CA showed higher values compared to the application of standard, with a ratio of 2 for the WM and 1.5 for the GM. VSI estimates for tumor tissues (22 µm) were considerably higher compared to contra-lateral Normal-Appearing WM (NAWM, 4 µm, P < 0.01) and Normal-Appearing GM (NAGM, 8 µm, P < 0.04). DISCUSSION Application of standard dose for CA injection and also taking into account the effect of diffusion coefficient can lead to a better correlation of VSI with previous theoretically predicted values and improvement of individual diagnostics in tumor evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behrouz Vejdani Afkham
- Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Masjoodi
- Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Oghabian
- Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Reza Nazem Zadeh
- Research Center for Science and Technology in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Esmati
- Radiation Oncology, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Farzin
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maziar Gilasi
- Medical Imaging Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hasan Hashemi
- Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center (ADIR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Radiology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Institute of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, 1417743855, Iran.
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15
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Chakhoyan A, Yao J, Leu K, Pope WB, Salamon N, Yong W, Lai A, Nghiemphu PL, Everson RG, Prins RM, Liau LM, Nathanson DA, Cloughesy TF, Ellingson BM. Validation of vessel size imaging (VSI) in high-grade human gliomas using magnetic resonance imaging, image-guided biopsies, and quantitative immunohistochemistry. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2846. [PMID: 30808879 PMCID: PMC6391482 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37564-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the association between a vessel size index (VSIMRI) derived from dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) perfusion imaging using a custom spin-and-gradient echo echoplanar imaging (SAGE-EPI) sequence and quantitative estimates of vessel morphometry based on immunohistochemistry from image-guided biopsy samples. The current study evaluated both relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) and VSIMRI in eleven patients with high-grade glioma (7 WHO grade III and 4 WHO grade IV). Following 26 MRI-guided glioma biopsies in these 11 patients, we evaluated tissue morphometry, including vessel density and average radius, using an automated procedure based on the endothelial cell marker CD31 to highlight tumor vasculature. Measures of rCBV and VSIMRI were then compared to histological measures. We demonstrate good agreement between VSI measured by MRI and histology; VSIMRI = 13.67 μm and VSIHistology = 12.60 μm, with slight overestimation of VSIMRI in grade III patients compared to histology. rCBV showed a moderate but significant correlation with vessel density (r = 0.42, p = 0.03), and a correlation was also observed between VSIMRI and VSIHistology (r = 0.49, p = 0.01). The current study supports the hypothesis that vessel size measures using MRI accurately reflect vessel caliber within high-grade gliomas, while traditional measures of rCBV are correlated with vessel density and not vessel caliber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ararat Chakhoyan
- UCLA Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory (BTIL), Center for Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarkers, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jingwen Yao
- UCLA Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory (BTIL), Center for Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarkers, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kevin Leu
- UCLA Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory (BTIL), Center for Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarkers, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Whitney B Pope
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Noriko Salamon
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - William Yong
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Albert Lai
- Department of Neurology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Phioanh L Nghiemphu
- Department of Neurology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Richard G Everson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Robert M Prins
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Linda M Liau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David A Nathanson
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Timothy F Cloughesy
- Department of Neurology, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin M Ellingson
- UCLA Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory (BTIL), Center for Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarkers, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- UCLA Neuro Oncology Program, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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16
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Ielacqua GD, Schlegel F, Füchtemeier M, Xandry J, Rudin M, Klohs J. Magnetic Resonance Q Mapping Reveals a Decrease in Microvessel Density in the arcAβ Mouse Model of Cerebral Amyloidosis. Front Aging Neurosci 2016; 7:241. [PMID: 26834622 PMCID: PMC4717293 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2015.00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in density and morphology of the cerebral microvasculature have been reported to occur in Alzheimer's disease patients and animal models of the disease. In this study we compared magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques for their utility to detect age-dependent changes of the cerebral vasculature in the arcAβ mouse model of cerebral amyloidosis. Dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC)-MRI was performed by tracking the passage of a superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle in the brain with dynamic gradient echo planar imaging (EPI). From this measurements relative cerebral blood volume [rCBV(DSC)] and relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) were estimated. For the same animal maps of the relaxation shift index Q were computed from high resolution gradient echo and spin echo data that were acquired before and after superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticle injection. Q-values were used to derive estimates of microvessel density. The change in the relaxation rates ΔR2* obtained from pre- and post-contrast gradient echo data was used for the alternative determination of rCBV [rCBV(ΔR2*)]. Linear mixed effects modeling found no significant association between rCBV(DSC), rCBV(ΔR2*), rCBF, and Q with genotype in 13-month old mice [compared to age-matched non-transgenic littermates (NTLs)] for any of the evaluated brain regions. In 24-month old mice there was a significant association for rCBV(DSC) with genotype in the cerebral cortex, and for rCBV(ΔR2*) in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum. For rCBF there was a significant association in the cerebellum but not in other brain regions. Q-values in the olfactory bulb, cerebral cortex, striatum, hippocampus, and cerebellum in 24-month old mice were significantly associated with genotype. In those regions Q-values were reduced between 11 and 26% in arcAβ mice compared to age-matched NTLs. Vessel staining with CD31 immunohistochemistry confirmed a reduction of microvessel density in the old arcAβ mice. We further demonstrated a region-specific association between parenchymal and vascular deposition of β-amyloid and decreased vascular density, without a correlation with the amount of Aβ deposition. We found that Q mapping was more suitable than the hemodynamic read-outs to detect amyloid-related degeneration of the cerebral microvasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna D Ielacqua
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH and University of Zurich Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Felix Schlegel
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH and University of ZurichZurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH ZurichZurich, Switzerland
| | - Martina Füchtemeier
- German Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesBerlin, Germany; Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité - University Medicine BerlinBerlin, Germany
| | - Jael Xandry
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH and University of Zurich Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Rudin
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH and University of ZurichZurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH ZurichZurich, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of ZurichZurich, Switzerland
| | - Jan Klohs
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH and University of ZurichZurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH ZurichZurich, Switzerland
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17
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Huang CH, Shih YYI, Siow TY, Hsu YH, Chen CCV, Lin TN, Jaw FS, Chang C. Temporal assessment of vascular reactivity and functionality using MRI during postischemic proangiogenenic vascular remodeling. Magn Reson Imaging 2015; 33:903-10. [PMID: 25944092 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Postischemic angiogenesis is an important recovery mechanism. Both arteries and veins are upregulated during angiogenesis, but eventually there are more angiogenic veins than arteries in terms of number and length. It is critical to understand how the veins are modulated after ischemia and then transitioned into angiogenic vessels during the proangiogenic stage to finally serve as a restorative strength to the injured area. Using a rat model of transient focal cerebral ischemia, the hypercapnic blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) response was used to evaluate vascular reactivity, while the hyperoxic BOLD and tissue oxygen level-dependent (TOLD) responses were used to evaluate the vascular functionality at 1, 3, and 7days after ischemia. Vessel-like venous signals appeared on R2* maps on days 3 and 7, but not on day 1. The large hypercapnic BOLD responses on days 3 and 7 indicated that these areas have high vascular reactivity. The temporal correlation between vascular reactivity and the immunoreactivity to desmin and VEGF further indicates that the integrity of vascular reactivity is associated with the pericyte coverage as regulated by the VEGF level. Vascular functionality remained low on days 1, 3, and 7, as reflected by the small hyperoxic BOLD and large hyperoxic TOLD responses, indicating the low oxygen consumption of the ischemic tissues. These functional changes in proangiogenic veins may be critical for angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hsiang Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academic Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Yu Ian Shih
- Experimental Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tiing-Yee Siow
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hua Hsu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academic Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Chi V Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academic Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Teng-Nan Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academic Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Shan Jaw
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chen Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academic Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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18
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Moisan A, Favre IM, Rome C, Grillon E, Naegele B, Barbieux M, De Fraipont F, Richard MJ, Barbier EL, Rémy C, Detante O. Microvascular plasticity after experimental stroke: a molecular and MRI study. Cerebrovasc Dis 2014; 38:344-53. [PMID: 25427570 DOI: 10.1159/000368597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microvasculature plays a key role in stroke pathophysiology both during initial damage and extended neural repair. Moreover, angiogenesis processes seem to be a promising target for future neurorestorative therapies. However, dynamic changes of microvessels after stroke still remain unclear, and MRI follow-up could be interesting as an in vivo biomarker of these. METHODS The aim of this study is to characterize the microvascular plasticity 25 days after ischemic stroke using both in vivo microvascular 7T-MRI (vascular permeability, cerebral blood volume (CBV), vessel size index (VSI), vascular density) and quantification of angiogenic factor expressions by RT-qPCR in a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion rat model. CBV and VSI (perfused vessel caliber) imaging was performed using a steady-state approach with a multi gradient-echo spin-echo sequence before and 2 min after intravenous (IV) injection of ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron particles. Vascular density (per mm2) was derived from the ratio [ΔR₂/(ΔR₂*)²/³]. Blood brain barrier leakage was assessed using T₁W images before and after IV injection of Gd-DOTA. Additionally, microvessel immunohistology was done. RESULTS 3 successive stages were observed: 1) 'Acute stage' from day 1 to day 3 post-stroke (D1-D3) characterized by high levels of angiopoietin-2 (Ang2), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) that may be associated with deleterious vascular permeability and vasodilation; 2) 'Transition stage' (D3-D7) that involves transforming the growth factors β1 (TGFβ1), Ang1, and tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin-like and endothelial growth factor-like domains 1 (Tie1), stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR-4); and 3) 'Subacute stage' (D7-D25) with high levels of Ang1, Ang2, VEGF, VEGFR-1 and TGFβ1 leading to favorable stabilization and maturation of microvessels. In vivo MRI appeared in line with the angiogenic factors changes with a delay of at least 1 day. All MRI parameters varied over time, revealing the different aspects of the post-stroke microvascular plasticity. At D25, despite a normal CBV, MRI revealed a limited microvessel density, which is insufficient to support a good neural repair. CONCLUSIONS Microvasculature MRI can provide imaging of different states of functional (perfused) microvessels after stroke. These results highlight that multiparametric MRI is useful to assess post-stroke angiogenesis, and could be used as a biomarker notably for neurorestorative therapy studies. Additionally, we identified that endogenous vessel maturation and stabilization occur during the 'subacute stage'. Thus, pro-angiogenic treatments, such as cell-based therapy, would be relevant during this subacute phase of stroke.
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Troprès I, Pannetier N, Grand S, Lemasson B, Moisan A, Péoc'h M, Rémy C, Barbier EL. Imaging the microvessel caliber and density: Principles and applications of microvascular MRI. Magn Reson Med 2014; 73:325-41. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irène Troprès
- IRMaGe; Université Grenoble Alpes; Grenoble France
- UMS 3552; CNRS; Grenoble France
- US 017; INSERM; Grenoble France
- IRMaGe, Hôpital Michallon; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble; Grenoble France
- Université Joseph Fourier; Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences; Grenoble France. INSERM; U836 Grenoble France
| | - Nicolas Pannetier
- Université Joseph Fourier; Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences; Grenoble France
- INSERM; U836 Grenoble France
| | - Sylvie Grand
- Université Joseph Fourier; Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences; Grenoble France
- INSERM; U836 Grenoble France
- CLUNI, Hôpital Michallon; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble; Grenoble France
| | - Benjamin Lemasson
- Université Joseph Fourier; Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences; Grenoble France
- INSERM; U836 Grenoble France
| | - Anaïck Moisan
- Université Joseph Fourier; Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences; Grenoble France
- INSERM; U836 Grenoble France
| | - Michel Péoc'h
- Service d'anatomo-pathologie; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint Etienne; Saint-Etienne France
- EA 2521; Université Jean Monnet; Saint-Etienne France
| | - Chantal Rémy
- Université Joseph Fourier; Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences; Grenoble France
- INSERM; U836 Grenoble France
| | - Emmanuel L. Barbier
- Université Joseph Fourier; Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences; Grenoble France
- INSERM; U836 Grenoble France
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Stokes AM, Skinner JT, Quarles CC. Assessment of a combined spin- and gradient-echo (SAGE) DSC-MRI method for preclinical neuroimaging. Magn Reson Imaging 2014; 32:1181-90. [PMID: 25172987 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2014.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to optimize and validate a combined spin- and gradient-echo (SAGE) sequence for dynamic susceptibility-contrast magnetic resonance imaging to obtain hemodynamic parameters in a preclinical setting. The SAGE EPI sequence was applied in phantoms and in vivo rat brain (normal, tumor, and stroke tissue). Partial and full Fourier encoding schemes were implemented and characterized. Maps of cerebral blood volume (CBV), cerebral blood flow (CBF), mean transit time (MTT), vessel size index (VSI), volume transfer constant (K(trans)), and volume fraction of the extravascular extracellular space (ve) were obtained. Partial Fourier encoding provided shortened echo times with acceptable signal-to-noise ratio and temporal stability, thus enabling reliable characterization of T2, T2(*) and T1 in both phantoms and rat brain. The hemodynamic parameters CBV, CBF, and MTT for gradient-echo and spin-echo contrast were determined in tumor and stroke; VSI, K(trans), and ve were also computed in tumor tissue. The SAGE EPI sequence allows the acquisition of multiple gradient- and spin-echoes, from which measures of perfusion, permeability, and vessel size can be obtained in a preclinical setting. Partial Fourier encoding can be used to minimize SAGE echo times and reliably quantify dynamic T2 and T2(*) changes. This acquisition provides a more comprehensive assessment of hemodynamic status in brain tissue with vascular and perfusion abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Stokes
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jack T Skinner
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - C Chad Quarles
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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Germuska M, Bulte DP. MRI measurement of oxygen extraction fraction, mean vessel size and cerebral blood volume using serial hyperoxia and hypercapnia. Neuroimage 2014; 92:132-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Nave AH, Kröber JM, Brunecker P, Fiebach JB, List J, Grittner U, Endres M, Meisel A, Flöel A, Ebinger M. Biomarkers and perfusion--training-induced changes after stroke (BAPTISe): protocol of an observational study accompanying a randomized controlled trial. BMC Neurol 2013; 13:197. [PMID: 24330706 PMCID: PMC3870989 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2377-13-197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity is believed to exert a beneficial effect on functional and cognitive rehabilitation of patients with stroke. Although studies have addressed the impact of physical exercise in cerebrovascular prevention and rehabilitation, the underlying mechanisms leading to improvement are poorly understood. Training-induced increase of cerebral perfusion is a possible mediating mechanism. Our exploratory study aims to investigate training-induced changes in blood biomarker levels and magnetic resonance imaging in patients with subacute ischemic stroke. Methods/design This biomarker-driven study uses an observational design to examine a subgroup of patients in the randomized, controlled PHYS-STROKE trial. In PHYS-STROKE, 215 patients with subacute stroke (hemorrhagic and ischemic) receive either 4 weeks of physical training (aerobic training, 5 times a week, for 50 minutes) or 4 weeks of relaxation sessions (5 times a week, for 50 minutes). A convenience sample of 100 of these patients with ischemic stroke will be included in BAPTISe and will receive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and an additional blood draw before and after the PHYS-STROKE intervention. Imaging scans will address parameters of cerebral perfusion, vessel size imaging, and microvessel density (the Q factor) to estimate the degree of neovascularization in the brain. Blood tests will determine several parameters of immunity, inflammation, endothelial function, and lipometabolism. Primary objective of this study is to evaluate differential changes in MRI and blood-derived biomarkers between groups. Other endpoints are next cerebrovascular events and functional status of the patient after the intervention and after 3 months assessed by functional scores, in particular walking speed and Barthel index (co-primary endpoints of PHYS-STROKE). Additionally, we will assess the association between functional outcomes and biomarkers including imaging results. For all endpoints we will compare changes between patients who received physical fitness training and patients who had relaxation sessions. Discussion This exploratory study will be the first to investigate the effects of physical fitness training in patients with ischemic stroke on MRI-based cerebral perfusion, pertinent blood biomarker levels, and functional outcome. The study may have an impact on current patient rehabilitation strategies and reveal important information about the roles of MRI and blood-derived biomarkers in ischemic stroke. Trial registration NCT01954797.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander H Nave
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
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Germuska MA, Meakin JA, Bulte DP. The influence of noise on BOLD-mediated vessel size imaging analysis methods. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2013; 33:1857-63. [PMID: 23942365 PMCID: PMC3851896 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2013.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Vessel size imaging (VSI) is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique that aims to provide quantitative measurements of tissue microvasculature. An emerging variation of this technique uses the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) effect as the source of the imaging contrast. Gas challenges have the advantage over contrast injection techniques in that they are noninvasive and easily repeatable because of the fast washout of the contrast. However, initial results from BOLD-VSI studies are somewhat contradictory, with substantially different estimates of the mean vessel radius. Owing to BOLD-VSI being an emerging technique, there is not yet a standard processing methodology, and different techniques have been used to calculate the mean vessel radius and reject uncertain estimates. In addition, the acquisition methodology and signal modeling vary from group to group. Owing to these differences, it is difficult to determine the source of this variation. Here we use computer modeling to assess the impact of noise on the accuracy and precision of different BOLD-VSI calculations. Our results show both potential overestimates and underestimates of the mean vessel radius, which is confirmed with a validation study at 3T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Germuska
- FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - James A Meakin
- FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Daniel P Bulte
- FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Abstract
The investigation of microcirculation is an important task in biomedical and physiological research because the microcirculation information, such as flow velocity and vessel density, is critical to monitor human conditions and develop effective therapies of some diseases. As one of the tasks of the microcirculation study, red blood cell (RBC) tracking presents an effective approach to estimate some parameters in microcirculation. The common method for RBC tracking is based on spatiotemporal image analysis, which requires the image to have high qualification and cells should have fixed velocity. Besides, for in vivo cell tracking, cells may disappear in some frames, image series may have spatial and temporal distortions, and vessel distribution can be complex, which increase the difficulties of RBC tracking. In this paper, we propose an optical flow method to track RBCs. It attempts to describe the local motion for each visible point in the frames using a local displacement vector field. We utilize it to calculate the displacement of a cell in two adjacent frames. Additionally, another optical flow-based method, scale invariant feature transform (SIFT) flow, is also presented. The experimental results show that optical flow is quite robust to the case where the velocity of cell is unstable, while SIFT flow works well when there is a large displacement of the cell between two adjacent frames. Our proposed methods outperform other methods when doing in vivo cell tracking, which can be used to estimate the blood flow directly and help to evaluate other parameters in microcirculation.
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Wintermark M, Albers GW, Broderick JP, Demchuk AM, Fiebach JB, Fiehler J, Grotta JC, Houser G, Jovin TG, Lees KR, Lev MH, Liebeskind DS, Luby M, Muir KW, Parsons MW, von Kummer R, Wardlaw JM, Wu O, Yoo AJ, Alexandrov AV, Alger JR, Aviv RI, Bammer R, Baron JC, Calamante F, Campbell BCV, Carpenter TC, Christensen S, Copen WA, Derdeyn CP, Haley EC, Khatri P, Kudo K, Lansberg MG, Latour LL, Lee TY, Leigh R, Lin W, Lyden P, Mair G, Menon BK, Michel P, Mikulik R, Nogueira RG, Ostergaard L, Pedraza S, Riedel CH, Rowley HA, Sanelli PC, Sasaki M, Saver JL, Schaefer PW, Schellinger PD, Tsivgoulis G, Wechsler LR, White PM, Zaharchuk G, Zaidat OO, Davis SM, Donnan GA, Furlan AJ, Hacke W, Kang DW, Kidwell C, Thijs VN, Thomalla G, Warach SJ. Acute Stroke Imaging Research Roadmap II. Stroke 2013; 44:2628-39. [PMID: 23860298 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.113.002015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Max Wintermark
- Department of Radiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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Boehm-Sturm P, Farr TD, Adamczak J, Jikeli JF, Mengler L, Wiedermann D, Kallur T, Kiselev V, Hoehn M. Vascular changes after stroke in the rat: a longitudinal study using optimized magnetic resonance imaging. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2013; 8:383-92. [DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Revised: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Boehm-Sturm
- In-Vivo-NMR Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research; Cologne; Germany
| | - Tracy D. Farr
- In-Vivo-NMR Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research; Cologne; Germany
| | - Joanna Adamczak
- In-Vivo-NMR Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research; Cologne; Germany
| | | | - Luam Mengler
- In-Vivo-NMR Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research; Cologne; Germany
| | - Dirk Wiedermann
- In-Vivo-NMR Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research; Cologne; Germany
| | - Therése Kallur
- In-Vivo-NMR Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research; Cologne; Germany
| | - Valerij Kiselev
- Medical Physics, Department of Diagnostic Radiology; University Hospital Freiburg; Freiburg; Germany
| | - Mathias Hoehn
- In-Vivo-NMR Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research; Cologne; Germany
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Xu C, Kiselev VG, Möller HE, Fiebach JB. Dynamic hysteresis between gradient echo and spin echo attenuations in dynamic susceptibility contrast imaging. Magn Reson Med 2012; 69:981-91. [PMID: 22611004 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 03/09/2012] [Accepted: 04/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Perfusion measurements using dynamic susceptibility contrast imaging provide additional information about the mean vessel size of microvasculature when supplemented with a dual gradient echo (GE) - spin echo (SE) contrast. Dynamic increase in the corresponding transverse relaxation rate constant changes, ΔR2GE and ΔR2SE , forms a loop on the (Δ R2SE3/2, ΔR2GE ) plane, rather than a reversible line. The shape of the loop and the direction of its passage differentiate between healthy brain and pathological tissue, such as tumour and ischemic tissue. By considering a tree model of microvasculature, the direction of the loop is found to be influenced mainly by the relative arterial and venous blood volume, as well as the tracer bolus dispersion. A parameter Λ is proposed to characterize the direction and shape of the loop, which might be considered as a novel imaging marker for describing the pathology of cerebrovascular network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xu
- Academic Neuroradiology, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.
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28
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea S Kidwell
- Department of Neurology, Georgetown University, 4000 Reservoir Road, Suite 150, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
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Xu C, Schmidt WU, Galinovic I, Villringer K, Hotter B, Ostwaldt AC, Denisova N, Kellner E, Kiselev V, Fiebach JB. The Potential of Microvessel Density in Prediction of Infarct Growth: A Two-Month Experimental Study in Vessel Size Imaging. Cerebrovasc Dis 2012; 33:303-9. [DOI: 10.1159/000335302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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