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Ji K, Yang Y, Zhang Q, Xing Y, Wan W. Meta-Analysis: Characteristics of Retinal Vasculature in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Humans. J Ophthalmol 2024; 2024:4600428. [PMID: 39045383 PMCID: PMC11265938 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4600428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The objective of this study is to determine optic nerve head vascular changes in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAS) by utilizing an optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) device. Methods A detailed studies search was screened in the PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases from inception to August 2023. We reviewed and examined optic nerve head vascular density in eyes with OSAS and controls. The mean difference and 95% confidence interval were calculated to evaluate continuous outcomes. Review Manager version 5.4.1 was applied for analysing pooled data. Results Six eligible studies were included in our meta-analysis. The radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) whole enface vessel density (VD) measured by OCTA in the mild-to-moderate and severe OSAS groups was significantly lower compared to the controls (MD = -0.96, P = 0.03; MD = -1.42, P = 0.001, respectively). For RPC peripapillary VD, eyes in mild-to-moderate OSAS showed a trending decrease compared to the controls (MD = -1.71, P = 0.05), and there was a remarkable difference between eyes with severe OSAS and the controls (MD = -3.08, P = 0.004). In addition, the RPC inside disc VD was decreased in severe OSAS eyes than in the controls (MD = -0.07, P = 0.94). Conclusions Our results revealed that peripapillary vascular density was attenuated in patients with OSAS. Moreover, on the basis of these findings, we suggest that optic nerve head vascular density measured by OCTA may be used as a potential tool to diagnose and monitor the severity of patients with OSAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaibao Ji
- Department of OphthalmologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of OphthalmologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qinglin Zhang
- Department of OphthalmologyHuangshi Central HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic UniversityEdong Healthcare Group, Huangshi, China
| | - Yiqiao Xing
- Department of OphthalmologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Wan
- Department of OphthalmologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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2
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Woodard G, Rosado JA, Li H. The physiological role of TRP channels in sleep and circadian rhythm. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18274. [PMID: 38676362 PMCID: PMC11053353 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
TRP channels, are non-specific cationic channels that are involved in multiple physiological processes that include salivation, cellular secretions, memory extinction and consolidation, temperature, pain, store-operated calcium entry, thermosensation and functionality of the nervous system. Here we choose to look at the evidence that decisively shows how TRP channels modulate human neuron plasticity as it relates to the molecular neurobiology of sleep/circadian rhythm. There are numerous model organisms of sleep and circadian rhythm that are the results of the absence or genetic manipulation of the non-specific cationic TRP channels. Drosophila and mice that have had their TRP channels genetically ablated or manipulated show strong evidence of changes in sleep duration, sleep activity, circadian rhythm and response to temperature, noxious odours and pattern of activity during both sleep and wakefulness along with cardiovascular and respiratory function during sleep. Indeed the role of TRP channels in regulating sleep and circadian rhythm is very interesting considering the parallel roles of TRP channels in thermoregulation and thermal response with concomitant responses in growth and degradation of neurites, peripheral nerves and neuronal brain networks. TRP channels provide evidence of an ability to create, regulate and modify our sleep and circadian rhythm in a wide array of physiological and pathophysiological conditions. In the current review, we summarize previous results and novel recent advances in the understanding of calcium ion entry via TRP channels in different sleep and circadian rhythm conditions. We discuss the role of TRP channels in sleep and circadian disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Woodard
- Department of PsychiatryUniformed Services University of Health SciencesBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Juan A. Rosado
- Department of PhysiologyUniversity of ExtremaduraCaceresSpain
| | - He Li
- Department of PsychiatryUniformed Services University of Health SciencesBethesdaMarylandUSA
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3
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Badran M, Khalyfa A, Ericsson AC, Puech C, McAdams Z, Bender SB, Gozal D. Gut microbiota mediate vascular dysfunction in a murine model of sleep apnoea: effect of probiotics. Eur Respir J 2023; 61:2200002. [PMID: 36028255 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00002-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a chronic prevalent condition characterised by intermittent hypoxia (IH), and is associated with endothelial dysfunction and coronary artery disease (CAD). OSA can induce major changes in gut microbiome diversity and composition, which in turn may induce the emergence of OSA-associated morbidities. However, the causal effects of IH-induced gut microbiome changes on the vasculature remain unexplored. Our objective was to assess if vascular dysfunction induced by IH is mediated through gut microbiome changes. METHODS Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was conducted on C57BL/6J naïve mice for 6 weeks to receive either IH or room air (RA) faecal slurry with or without probiotics (VSL#3). In addition to 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of their gut microbiome, FMT recipients underwent arterial blood pressure and coronary artery and aorta function testing, and their trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and plasma acetate levels were determined. Finally, C57BL/6J mice were exposed to IH, IH treated with VSL#3 or RA for 6 weeks, and arterial blood pressure and coronary artery function assessed. RESULTS Gut microbiome taxonomic profiles correctly segregated IH from RA in FMT mice and the normalising effect of probiotics emerged. Furthermore, IH-FMT mice exhibited increased arterial blood pressure and TMAO levels, and impairments in aortic and coronary artery function (p<0.05) that were abrogated by probiotic administration. Lastly, treatment with VSL#3 under IH conditions did not attenuate elevations in arterial blood pressure or CAD. CONCLUSIONS Gut microbiome alterations induced by chronic IH underlie, at least partially, the typical cardiovascular disturbances of sleep apnoea and can be mitigated by concurrent administration of probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Badran
- Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Abdelnaby Khalyfa
- Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Aaron C Ericsson
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- University of Missouri Metagenomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Clementine Puech
- Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Zachary McAdams
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Molecular Pathogenesis and Therapeutics Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Shawn B Bender
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health and Child Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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4
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Guo X, Deng Y, Zhan L, Shang J, Liu H. O‑GlcNAcylation contributes to intermittent hypoxia‑associated vascular dysfunction via modulation of MAPKs but not CaMKII pathways. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:744. [PMID: 34435655 PMCID: PMC8430318 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermittent hypoxia (IH) leads to vascular dysfunction, and O-linked-β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc)ylation may regulate vascular reactivity through the modulation of intracellular signaling. The present study hypothesized that O-GlcNAc modifications contributed to the vascular effects of acute IH (AIH) and chronic IH (CIH) through the MAPK and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) pathways. Rat aortic and mesenteric segments were incubated with DMSO, O-GlcNAcase (OGA) or O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) inhibitor under either normoxic or AIH conditions for 3 h, and arterial function was then assessed. Meanwhile, arteries isolated from control and CIH rats were exposed to 3 h of incubation under normoxic conditions using DMSO, OGA or OGT as an inhibitor, before assessing arterial reactivity. CIH was found to increase the expression of vascular O-GlcNAc protein and OGT, phosphorylate p38 MAPK and ERK1/2, and decrease OGA levels, but it had no effects on phosphorylated CaMKII levels. OGA inhibition increased global O-GlcNAcylation and the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, ERK1/2 and CaMKII, whereas OGT blockade had the opposite effects. OGA inhibition preserved acetylcholine-induced relaxation in AIH arteries, whereas OGT blockade attenuated the relaxation responses of arteries under normoxic conditions or undergoing AIH treatments. However, the impairment of acetylcholine dilation in CIH mesenteric arteries was improved. CIH artery contraction was increased following angiotensin II (Ang II) exposure. Blockade of p38 MAPK and ERK1/2, but not CaMKII, attenuated Ang II-induced contractile responses in CIH arteries isolated from the non-OGT inhibitor-treated groups. OGT inhibition significantly blocked contractile responses to Ang II and abolished the inhibitory effects of MAPK inhibitors. These findings indicated that O-GlcNAcylation regulates IH-induced vascular dysfunction, at least partly by modulating MAPK, but not CaMKII, signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Guo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Yan Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of The Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Linghui Zhan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Jin Shang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of The Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Huiguo Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of The Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
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5
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Pansani AP, Schoorlemmer GH, Ferreira CB, Rossi MV, Angheben JMM, Ghazale PP, Gomes KP, Cravo SL. Chronic apnea during REM sleep increases arterial pressure and sympathetic modulation in rats. Sleep 2021; 44:5999487. [PMID: 33231257 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Obstructive sleep apnea can induce hypertension. Apneas in REM may be particularly problematic: they are independently associated with hypertension. We examined the role of sleep stage and awakening on acute cardiovascular responses to apnea. In addition, we measured cardiovascular and sympathetic changes induced by chronic sleep apnea in REM sleep. METHODS We used rats with tracheal balloons and electroencephalogram and electromyogram electrodes to induce obstructive apnea during wakefulness and sleep. We measured the electrocardiogram and arterial pressure by telemetry and breathing effort with a thoracic balloon. RESULTS Apneas induced during wakefulness caused a pressor response, intense bradycardia, and breathing effort. On termination of apnea, arterial pressure, heart rate, and breathing effort returned to basal levels within 10 s. Responses to apnea were strongly blunted when apneas were made in sleep. Post-apnea changes were also blunted when rats did not awake from apnea. Chronic sleep apnea (15 days of apnea during REM sleep, 8 h/day, 13.8 ± 2 apneas/h, average duration 12 ± 0.7 s) reduced sleep time, increased awake arterial pressure from 111 ± 6 to 118 ± 5 mmHg (p < 0.05) and increased a marker for sympathetic activity. Chronic apnea failed to change spontaneous baroreceptor sensitivity. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that sleep blunts the diving-like response induced by apnea and that acute post-apnea changes depend on awakening. In addition, our data confirm that 2 weeks of apnea during REM causes sleep disruption and increases blood pressure and sympathetic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline P Pansani
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiás, Brazil.,Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guus H Schoorlemmer
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caroline B Ferreira
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcio V Rossi
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Poliana P Ghazale
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karina P Gomes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Sergio L Cravo
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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6
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Peng L, Li Y, Li X, Du Y, Li L, Hu C, Zhang J, Qin Y, Wei Y, Zhang H. Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Intermittent Hypoxia-Treated Red Blood Cells Impair Endothelial Function Through Regulating eNOS Phosphorylation and ET-1 Expression. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2020; 35:901-913. [PMID: 33242203 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-020-07117-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Intermittent hypoxia (IH), a main characteristic of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome, has been known as a dominant cause of OSA-related endothelial dysfunction and hypertension. However, the underlying mechanism still remains unclear. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), small vesicles secreted by various cells, can be absorbed by endothelial cells and then influence vascular function. The aim of this research is to clarify whether and how EVs shedding from red blood cells (RBCs) are involved in IH-induced endothelial dysfunction. METHODS EVs were extracted by ultracentrifugation. After the identification of property and purity, EVs from IH-exposed RBCs (IH REVs) and normoxia-exposed RBCs (NOR REVs) or from OSA and non-OSA patient RBCs were utilized to treat C57BL/6 mouse aortas or human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) for mechanistic exploration. RESULTS Functional results demonstrated that REVs from OSA patients dramatically impaired endothelium-dependent relaxations (EDRs). Similarly, in vivo and ex vivo studies showed that IH REVs caused significant endothelial dysfunction compared to control group. Further results presented that IH REVs blocked endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation through inhibiting PI3K/Akt pathway and enhanced endothelin-1 (ET-1) expression through activating Erk1/2 pathway in endothelial cells. Meanwhile, endothelial dysfunction caused by IH REVs was reversed by Akt activator SC79 as well as Erk kinase inhibitor PD98059, suggesting that PI3K/Akt/eNOS and Erk1/2/ET-1 pathways were implicated in IH REV-induced impaired EDRs. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals a novel role of REVs in endothelial dysfunction under IH and dissects the relevant mechanism involved in this process, which will help to establish a comprehensive understanding of OSA or IH-related endothelial dysfunction from a new scope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Peng
- Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yu Li
- Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xinwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yunhui Du
- Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Linyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Chaowei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yanwen Qin
- Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yongxiang Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Huina Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, 100029, China.
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7
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Lerman LO, Kurtz TW, Touyz RM, Ellison DH, Chade AR, Crowley SD, Mattson DL, Mullins JJ, Osborn J, Eirin A, Reckelhoff JF, Iadecola C, Coffman TM. Animal Models of Hypertension: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Hypertension 2019; 73:e87-e120. [PMID: 30866654 DOI: 10.1161/hyp.0000000000000090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is the most common chronic disease in the world, yet the precise cause of elevated blood pressure often cannot be determined. Animal models have been useful for unraveling the pathogenesis of hypertension and for testing novel therapeutic strategies. The utility of animal models for improving the understanding of the pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment of hypertension and its comorbidities depends on their validity for representing human forms of hypertension, including responses to therapy, and on the quality of studies in those models (such as reproducibility and experimental design). Important unmet needs in this field include the development of models that mimic the discrete hypertensive syndromes that now populate the clinic, resolution of ongoing controversies in the pathogenesis of hypertension, and the development of new avenues for preventing and treating hypertension and its complications. Animal models may indeed be useful for addressing these unmet needs.
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8
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Darwiche T, Collum SD, Bi W, Reynolds JO, Wilson C, Wareing N, Hernandez AM, Mertens TCJ, Zhou Z, Pandit LM, Karmouty-Quintana H. Alterations in cardiovascular function in an experimental model of lung fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension. Exp Physiol 2019; 104:568-579. [PMID: 30663834 DOI: 10.1113/ep087321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? We have evaluated changes in cardiovascular physiology using echocardiography in an experimental model of lung fibrosis. What is the main finding and its importance? Remarkably, we report changes in cardiovascular function as early as day 7, concomitant with evidence of vascular remodelling. We also report that isolated pulmonary arteries were hypercontractile in response to a thromboxane A2 agonist. These findings are significant because the development of pulmonary hypertension is one of the most significant predictors of mortality in patients with lung fibrosis, where there are no available therapies and a lack of animal models. ABSTRACT Group III pulmonary hypertension is observed in patients with chronic lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) develops as a result of extensive pulmonary vascular remodelling and resultant changes in vascular tone that can lead to right ventricle hypertrophy. This eventually leads to right heart failure, which is the leading indicator of mortality in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Treatments for group III PH are not available, in part owing to a lack of viable animal models. Here, we have evaluated the cardiovascular changes in a model of lung fibrosis and PH. Data obtained from this study indicated that structural alterations in the right heart, such as right ventricular wall hypertrophy, occurred as early as day 14, and similar increases in right ventricle chamber size were seen between days 21 and 28. These structural changes were correlated with decreases in the systolic function of the right ventricle and right ventricular cardiac output, which also occurred between the same time points. Characterization of pulmonary artery dynamics also highlighted that PH might be occurring as early as day 21, indicated by reductions in the velocity-time integral; however, evidence for PH is apparent as early as day 7, indicated by the significant reduction in pulmonary acceleration time values. These changes are consistent with evidence of vascular remodelling observed histologically starting on day 7. In addition, we report hyperactivity of bleomycin-exposed pulmonary arteries to a thromboxane A2 receptor (Tbxa2r) agonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Darwiche
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Scott D Collum
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Weizhen Bi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Julia O Reynolds
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cory Wilson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nancy Wareing
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Adriana M Hernandez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tinne C J Mertens
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lavannya M Pandit
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Harry Karmouty-Quintana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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9
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Kitagawa MG, Reynolds JO, Durgan D, Rodney G, Karmouty‐Quintana H, Bryan R, Pandit LM. Twik-2 -/- mouse demonstrates pulmonary vascular heterogeneity in intracellular pathways for vasocontractility. Physiol Rep 2019; 7:e13950. [PMID: 30632293 PMCID: PMC6328926 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown Twik-2-/- mice develop pulmonary hypertension and vascular remodeling. We hypothesized that distal pulmonary arteries (D-PAs) of the Twik-2-/- mice are hypercontractile under physiological venous conditions due to altered electrophysiologic properties between the conduit and resistance vessels in the pulmonary vascular bed. We measured resting membrane potential and intracellular calcium through Fura-2 in freshly digested pulmonary artery smooth muscles (PASMCs) from both the right main (RM-PA) and D-PA (distal) regions of pulmonary artery from WT and Twik-2-/- mice. Whole segments of RM-PAs and D-PAs from 20 to 24-week-old wildtype (WT) and Twik-2-/- mice were also pressurized between two glass micropipettes and bathed in buffer with either arterial or venous conditions. Abluminally-applied phenylephrine (PE) and U46619 were added to the buffer at log increments and vessel diameter was measured. All values were expressed as averages with ±SEM. Vasoconstrictor responses did not differ between WT and Twik-2-/- RM-PAs under arterial conditions. Under venous conditions, Twik-2-/- RM-PAs showed an increased sensitivity to PE with a lower EC50 (P = 0.02). Under venous conditions, Twik-2-/- D-PAs showed an increase maximal vasoconstrictor response to both phenylephrine and U46619 compared to the WT mice (P < 0.05). Isolated PASMCs from Twik-2 -/- D-PA were depolarized and had higher intracellular calcium levels compared to PASMCs from RM-PA of both WT and Twik-2-/- mice. These studies suggest that hypercontractile responses and electrophysiologic properties unique to the anatomic location of the D-PAs may contribute to pulmonary hypertensive vasculopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lavannya M. Pandit
- Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTexas
- Michael E.DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical CenterHoustonTexas
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10
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Li JR, Zhao YS, Chang Y, Yang SC, Guo YJ, Ji ES. Fasudil improves endothelial dysfunction in rats exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia through RhoA/ROCK/NFATc3 pathway. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195604. [PMID: 29641598 PMCID: PMC5895022 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is one of the main pathological changes in Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). The Rho kinase (ROCK) pathway is associated with endothelial dysfunction. However, the interaction between ROCK and nuclear factor of activated T cells isoform c3 (NFATc3) in the development of this pathological response under chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) is unclear. To simulate the OSA model, we established a moderate CIH rat model by administering the fraction of inspired O2 (FiO2) from 21% to 9%, 20 times/h, 8 h/day for 3 weeks. Fasudil (ROCK inhibitor, 8 mg/kg/d, i.p.) was administrated in the rats exposed to CIH for 3 weeks. Our results demonstrated that CIH caused significantly endothelial dysfunction, accompanying with increased ET-1 level, decreased eNOS expression and NO production, which reduced ACh-induced vascular relaxation responses. Moreover, RhoA/ROCK-2/NFATc3 expressions were up-regulated. Fasudil significantly improved CIH induced endothelial dysfunction. Data suggested that the ROCK activation is necessary for endothelial dysfunction during CIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Ru Li
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Shuo Zhao
- Scientific Research Center, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Yue Chang
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Chang Yang
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Jing Guo
- Scientific Research Center, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - En-Sheng Ji
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
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11
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a significant risk factor for systemic hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. While this relationship has been firmly established, a detailed understanding of how OSA leads to hypertension is lacking. This review will examine the emerging idea that the gut microbiota plays a role in the development of hypertension, including that associated with OSA. RECENT FINDINGS Disruption of the normal composition of the gut microbiota, termed dysbiosis, has been identified in a number of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, including diabetes, obesity, and atherosclerosis. Recently, a number of studies have demonstrated gut dysbiosis in various animal models of hypertension as well as in hypertensive patients. Evidence is now emerging that gut dysbiosis plays a causal role in the development of OSA-induced hypertension. In this review, we will examine the evidence that gut dysbiosis plays a role in OSA-induced hypertension. We will discuss potential mechanisms linking OSA to gut dysbiosis, examine how gut dysbiosis may be linked to hypertension, and highlight how this understanding may be utilized for the development of future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Durgan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Room 434D, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Durgan DJ, Crossland RF, Bryan RM. The rat cerebral vasculature exhibits time-of-day-dependent oscillations in circadian clock genes and vascular function that are attenuated following obstructive sleep apnea. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2017; 37:2806-2819. [PMID: 27798273 PMCID: PMC5536790 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x16675879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Circadian clock components oscillate in cells of the cardiovascular system. Disruption of these oscillations has been observed in cardiovascular diseases. We hypothesized that obstructive sleep apnea, which is associated with cerebrovascular diseases, disrupts the cerebrovascular circadian clock and rhythms in vascular function. Apneas were produced in rats during sleep. Following two weeks of sham or obstructive sleep apnea, cerebral arteries were isolated over 24 h for mRNA and functional analysis. mRNA expression of clock genes exhibited 24-h rhythms in cerebral arteries of sham rats (p < 0.05). Interestingly, peak expression of clock genes was significantly lower following obstructive sleep apnea (p < 0.05). Obstructive sleep apnea did not alter clock genes in the heart, or rhythms in locomotor activity. Isolated posterior cerebral arteries from sham rats exhibited a diurnal rhythm in sensitivity to luminally applied ATP, being most responsive at the beginning of the active phase (p < 0.05). This rhythm was absent in arteries from obstructive sleep apnea rats (p < 0.05). Rhythms in ATP sensitivity in sham vessels were absent, and not different from obstructive sleep apnea, following treatment with L-NAME and indomethacin. We conclude that cerebral arteries possess a functional circadian clock and exhibit a diurnal rhythm in vasoreactivity to ATP. Obstructive sleep apnea attenuates these rhythms in cerebral arteries, potentially contributing to obstructive sleep apnea-associated cerebrovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Durgan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | - Randy F Crossland
- Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | - Robert M Bryan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a significant risk factor for systemic hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. While this relationship has been firmly established, a detailed understanding of how OSA leads to hypertension is lacking. This review will examine the emerging idea that the gut microbiota plays a role in the development of hypertension, including that associated with OSA. RECENT FINDINGS Disruption of the normal composition of the gut microbiota, termed dysbiosis, has been identified in a number of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, including diabetes, obesity, and atherosclerosis. Recently, a number of studies have demonstrated gut dysbiosis in various animal models of hypertension as well as in hypertensive patients. Evidence is now emerging that gut dysbiosis plays a causal role in the development of OSA-induced hypertension. In this review, we will examine the evidence that gut dysbiosis plays a role in OSA-induced hypertension. We will discuss potential mechanisms linking OSA to gut dysbiosis, examine how gut dysbiosis may be linked to hypertension, and highlight how this understanding may be utilized for the development of future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Durgan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Room 434D, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Wang W, He M, Huang W. Changes of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Curr Eye Res 2016; 42:796-802. [PMID: 27854132 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2016.1238942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Many studies have assessed the changes of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), but the results were inconsistent. Therefore, a meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the RNFL changes in OSAS measured in vivo. METHODS Pertinent studies were identified by a comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Web of science, Cochrane library, Scopus, and Chinese biomedical disc databases from inception to August 2016. A fixed effects model was used to pool the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) between OSAS group and control group. RESULTS Seventeen studies were included in the final analysis, with 12 for descriptive analysis and 5 for meta-analysis, involving a total of 1757 eyes (1106 in the OSAS group and 651 in the control group). The RNFL in OSAS was significantly lower than control group, with pooled WMD -3.53 (95%CI: -4.80 to -2.26, P < 0.001) for average RNFL, -3.69 (95%CI:-5.49 to -1.89 P < 0.001) for superior RNFL, -4.66 (95%CI: -6.92 to -2.39, P < 0.001) for inferior RNFL, -3.15 (95%CI:-5.19 to -1.10, P = 0.003) for nasal RNFL, and -2.45 (95%CI: -4.59 to -0.31, P = 0.025) for temporal RNFL. Along with severities of OSAS, a trend of more profound reduction of average RNFL was observed in advanced OSAS, with WMD of average RNFL thickness -1.75 (95%CI:-4.47 to -0.98, P = 0.209) for mild OSAS, -3.54 (95%CI:-6.33 to -0.73, P = 0.013) for moderate OSAS, and -7.17 (95%CI:-10.00 to -4.34, P < 0.001) for severe OSAS. The majority of studies in the descriptive review demonstrated similar findings. CONCLUSION The OSAS was associated with a reduced RNFL in all quadrants compared to controls. Evaluation of RNFL may serve as a tool for grading severities of OSAS. Considering the limited evidence, the conclusions should be interpreted cautiously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- a Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Miao He
- a Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyong Huang
- a Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
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Transient receptor potential channel 1/4 reduces subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced early brain injury in rats via calcineurin-mediated NMDAR and NFAT dephosphorylation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33577. [PMID: 27641617 PMCID: PMC5027540 DOI: 10.1038/srep33577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential channel 1/4 (TRPC1/4) are considered to be related to subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)-induced cerebral vasospasm. In this study, a SAH rat model was employed to study the roles of TRPC1/4 in the early brain injury (EBI) after SAH. Primary cultured hippocampal neurons were exposed to oxyhemoglobin to mimic SAH in vitro. The protein levels of TRPC1/4 increased and peaked at 5 days after SAH in rats. Inhibition of TRPC1/4 by SKF96365 aggravated SAH-induced EBI, such as cortical cell death (by TUNEL staining) and degenerating (by FJB staining). In addition, TRPC1/4 overexpression could increase calcineurin activity, while increased calcineurin activity could promote the dephosphorylation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR). Calcineurin antagonist FK506 could weaken the neuroprotection and the dephosphorylation of NMDAR induced by TRPC1/4 overexpression. Contrarily, calcineurin agonist chlorogenic acid inhibited SAH-induced EBI, even when siRNA intervention of TRPC1/4 was performed. Moreover, calcineurin also could lead to the nuclear transfer of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), which is a transcription factor promoting the expressions of TRPC1/4. TRPC1/4 could inhibit SAH-induced EBI by supressing the phosphorylation of NMDAR via calcineurin. TRPC1/4-induced calcineurin activation also could promote the nuclear transfer of NFAT, suggesting a positive feedback regulation of TRPC1/4 expressions.
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Tsapanou A, Gu Y, O'Shea D, Manly J, Schupf N, Scarmeas N, Stern Y. Self-Reported Sleep Disordered Breathing as Risk Factor for Mortality in the Elderly. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2016; 25:1524-31. [PMID: 27053028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine the association between self-reported sleep disordered breathing (SDB) ("awaken short of breath or with a headache") and mortality in a large and ethnically diverse group of community-dwelling elderly people. METHODS A total of 1288 participants, 65 years and older, were examined longitudinally. Sleep problems were estimated using the Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale examining sleep disturbance, snoring, awaken short of breath or with a headache, sleep adequacy, and sleep somnolence. Cox regression analysis was used to examine the association between sleep problems and mortality. Age, gender, education, ethnicity, and body mass index were included as covariates. In further analyses we included hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, and stroke as additional covariates. RESULTS The participants were followed for up to 6 years (mean = 2.9, standard deviation = 1.1), and 239 (18.6%) participants died during the follow-up. In unadjusted models, SDB at the initial visit was associated with mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21-1.55; P < .0001). After adjusting for all the covariates, the relationship between SDB and mortality remained significant (HR = 1.48; 95% CI 1.29-1.70; P < .0001). Participants with Caribbean-Hispanic ancestry have higher risk for mortality. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that SDB is a risk factor for mortality in a large and ethnically diverse group of older adults, independent of demographic and clinical factors. Further research is needed to examine the underlying mechanisms of this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Tsapanou
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology and The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.
| | - Yian Gu
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology and The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
| | - Deirdre O'Shea
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology and The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
| | - Jennifer Manly
- The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York; The Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Nicole Schupf
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology and The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York; The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York; The Division of Epidemiology, Joseph P. Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology and The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece; The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York; The Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Yaakov Stern
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology and The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York; The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York; The Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
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Durgan DJ, Ganesh BP, Cope JL, Ajami NJ, Phillips SC, Petrosino JF, Hollister EB, Bryan RM. Role of the Gut Microbiome in Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Induced Hypertension. Hypertension 2015; 67:469-74. [PMID: 26711739 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.115.06672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Individuals suffering from obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are at increased risk for systemic hypertension. The importance of a healthy gut microbiota, and detriment of a dysbiotic microbiota, on host physiology is becoming increasingly evident. We tested the hypothesis that gut dysbiosis contributes to hypertension observed with OSA. OSA was modeled in rats by inflating a tracheal balloon during the sleep cycle (10-s inflations, 60 per hour). On normal chow diet, OSA had no effect on blood pressure; however, in rats fed a high-fat diet, blood pressure increased 24 and 29 mm Hg after 7 and 14 days of OSA, respectively (P<0.05 each). Bacterial community characterization was performed on fecal pellets isolated before and after 14 days of OSA in chow and high-fat fed rats. High-fat diet and OSA led to significant alterations of the gut microbiota, including decreases in bacterial taxa known to produce the short chain fatty acid butyrate (P<0.05). Finally, transplant of dysbiotic cecal contents from hypertensive OSA rats on high-fat diet into OSA recipient rats on normal chow diet (shown to be normotensive) resulted in hypertension similar to that of the donor (increased 14 and 32 mm Hg after 7 and 14 days of OSA, respectively; P<0.05). These studies demonstrate a causal relationship between gut dysbiosis and hypertension, and suggest that manipulation of the microbiota may be a viable treatment for OSA-induced, and possibly other forms of, hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Durgan
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology (D.J.D., S.C.P., R.M.B.), Pathology and Immunology (B.P.G., J.L.C., E.B.H.), Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (R.M.B.), The Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology (N.J.A., J.F.P.), and Texas Children's Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.L.C., E.B.H.); and Department of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.L.C., E.B.H.).
| | - Bhanu P Ganesh
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology (D.J.D., S.C.P., R.M.B.), Pathology and Immunology (B.P.G., J.L.C., E.B.H.), Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (R.M.B.), The Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology (N.J.A., J.F.P.), and Texas Children's Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.L.C., E.B.H.); and Department of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.L.C., E.B.H.)
| | - Julia L Cope
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology (D.J.D., S.C.P., R.M.B.), Pathology and Immunology (B.P.G., J.L.C., E.B.H.), Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (R.M.B.), The Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology (N.J.A., J.F.P.), and Texas Children's Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.L.C., E.B.H.); and Department of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.L.C., E.B.H.)
| | - Nadim J Ajami
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology (D.J.D., S.C.P., R.M.B.), Pathology and Immunology (B.P.G., J.L.C., E.B.H.), Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (R.M.B.), The Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology (N.J.A., J.F.P.), and Texas Children's Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.L.C., E.B.H.); and Department of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.L.C., E.B.H.)
| | - Sharon C Phillips
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology (D.J.D., S.C.P., R.M.B.), Pathology and Immunology (B.P.G., J.L.C., E.B.H.), Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (R.M.B.), The Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology (N.J.A., J.F.P.), and Texas Children's Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.L.C., E.B.H.); and Department of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.L.C., E.B.H.)
| | - Joseph F Petrosino
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology (D.J.D., S.C.P., R.M.B.), Pathology and Immunology (B.P.G., J.L.C., E.B.H.), Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (R.M.B.), The Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology (N.J.A., J.F.P.), and Texas Children's Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.L.C., E.B.H.); and Department of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.L.C., E.B.H.)
| | - Emily B Hollister
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology (D.J.D., S.C.P., R.M.B.), Pathology and Immunology (B.P.G., J.L.C., E.B.H.), Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (R.M.B.), The Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology (N.J.A., J.F.P.), and Texas Children's Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.L.C., E.B.H.); and Department of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.L.C., E.B.H.)
| | - Robert M Bryan
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology (D.J.D., S.C.P., R.M.B.), Pathology and Immunology (B.P.G., J.L.C., E.B.H.), Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (R.M.B.), The Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology (N.J.A., J.F.P.), and Texas Children's Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (J.L.C., E.B.H.); and Department of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.L.C., E.B.H.)
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Daulatzai MA. Evidence of neurodegeneration in obstructive sleep apnea: Relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and cognitive dysfunction in the elderly. J Neurosci Res 2015; 93:1778-94. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mak Adam Daulatzai
- Sleep Disorders Group, EEE/Melbourne School of Engineering, The University of Melbourne; Parkville Victoria Australia
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Lloyd EE, Durgan DJ, Martini SR, Bryan RM. Pathological effects of obstructive apneas during the sleep cycle in an animal model of cerebral small vessel disease. Hypertension 2015; 66:913-7. [PMID: 26259594 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.115.05764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that apneas during the sleep cycle exacerbate hypertension and accelerate changes that occur with cerebral small vessel disease. Obstructive sleep apnea was modeled by intermittent inflations of a chronically implanted tracheal balloon to occlude the airway during the sleep cycle (termed OSA) in spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone (SHRSP) rats, a model of cerebral small vessel disease. SHRSP rats and their parent strain, Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats, were exposed to OSA for 2 weeks (from 9 to 11 or from 18 to 20 weeks). At 9 weeks, hypertension was developing in the SHRSP rats and was firmly established by 18 weeks. OSA exposure increased systolic blood pressure in SHRSP rats by ≈30 mm Hg in both age groups compared with shams that were surgically prepared but not exposed to OSA (P<0.05). OSA exposure also increased systolic blood pressure in WKY rats by 20 and 37 mm Hg at 11 and 20 weeks, respectively (P<0.05). OSA exposure in SHRSP rats compromised blood-brain barrier integrity in white matter at both 11 and 20 weeks of age when compared with SHRSP sham rats (P<0.05). Microglia were activated in SHRSP rats exposed to OSA but not in sham rats at 11 weeks (P<0.05). At 20 weeks, microglia were activated in sham SHRSP rats (P<0.05) compared with WKY sham rats and were not further activated by OSA. Neither was blood-brain barrier integrity altered nor microglia activated in any of the WKY groups. We conclude that OSA accelerates the onset of the cerebral pathologies associated with cerebral small vessel disease in SHRSP, but not WKY, rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric E Lloyd
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology (E.E.L., D.J.D., R.M.B.), Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (R.M.B.), Medicine (Cardiovascular Section) (R.M.B.), and Neurology (S.R.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX (S.R.M.)
| | - David J Durgan
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology (E.E.L., D.J.D., R.M.B.), Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (R.M.B.), Medicine (Cardiovascular Section) (R.M.B.), and Neurology (S.R.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX (S.R.M.)
| | - Sharyl R Martini
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology (E.E.L., D.J.D., R.M.B.), Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (R.M.B.), Medicine (Cardiovascular Section) (R.M.B.), and Neurology (S.R.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX (S.R.M.)
| | - Robert M Bryan
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology (E.E.L., D.J.D., R.M.B.), Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (R.M.B.), Medicine (Cardiovascular Section) (R.M.B.), and Neurology (S.R.M.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX (S.R.M.).
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Johansson SE, Andersen XEDR, Hansen RH, Povlsen GK, Edvinsson L. Cerebrovascular endothelin-1 hyper-reactivity is associated with transient receptor potential canonical channels 1 and 6 activation and delayed cerebral hypoperfusion after forebrain ischaemia in rats. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2015; 214:376-89. [PMID: 25939574 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM In this study, we aimed to investigate whether changes in cerebrovascular voltage-dependent calcium channels and non-selective cation channels contribute to the enhanced endothelin-1-mediated vasoconstriction in the delayed hypoperfusion phase after experimental transient forebrain ischaemia. METHODS Experimental forebrain ischaemia was induced in Wistar male rats by a two-vessel occlusion model, and the cerebral blood flow was measured by magnetic resonance imaging two days after reperfusion. In vitro vasoreactivity studies, immunofluorescence and quantitative PCR were performed on cerebral arteries from ischaemic or sham-operated rats to evaluate changes in vascular voltage-dependent calcium channels, transient receptor potential canonical channels as well as endothelin-1 receptor function and expression. RESULTS The expression of transient receptor potential canonical channels 1 and 6 in the vascular smooth muscle cells was enhanced and correlated with decreased cerebral blood flow two days after forebrain ischaemia. Furthermore, under conditions when voltage-dependent calcium channels were inhibited, endothelin-1-induced cerebrovascular contraction was enhanced and this enhancement was presumably mediated by Ca(2+) influx via upregulated transient receptor potential canonical channels 1 and 6. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrates that endothelin-1-mediated influx of extracellular Ca(2+) activates transient receptor potential canonical channels 1 and 6 in cerebral vascular smooth muscle cells. This seems to have an important role in the enhanced cerebral vasoconstriction in the delayed post-ischaemic hypoperfusion phase after experimental forebrain ischaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. E. Johansson
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research; Glostrup Research Institute; Rigshospitalet; Glostrup Denmark
| | - X. E. D. R. Andersen
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research; Glostrup Research Institute; Rigshospitalet; Glostrup Denmark
| | - R. H. Hansen
- Research Group; Department of Radiology; Copenhagen University Hospital; Herlev Denmark
| | - G. K. Povlsen
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research; Glostrup Research Institute; Rigshospitalet; Glostrup Denmark
| | - L. Edvinsson
- Department of Clinical Experimental Research; Glostrup Research Institute; Rigshospitalet; Glostrup Denmark
- Division of Experimental Vascular Research; Department of Clinical Sciences; Lund University; Lund Sweden
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