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Mortaheb S, Fort LD, Mason NL, Mallaroni P, Ramaekers JG, Demertzi A. Dynamic Functional Hyperconnectivity After Psilocybin Intake Is Primarily Associated With Oceanic Boundlessness. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2024; 9:681-692. [PMID: 38588855 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psilocybin is a widely studied psychedelic substance that leads to the psychedelic state, a specific altered state of consciousness. To date, the relationship between the psychedelic state's neurobiological and experiential patterns remains undercharacterized because they are often analyzed separately. We investigated the relationship between neurobiological and experiential patterns after psilocybin by focusing on the link between dynamic cerebral connectivity and retrospective questionnaire assessment. METHODS Healthy participants were randomized to receive either psilocybin (n = 22) or placebo (n = 27) and scanned for 6 minutes in an eyes-open resting state during the peak subjective drug effect (102 minutes posttreatment) in ultrahigh field 7T magnetic resonance imaging. The 5-Dimensional Altered States of Consciousness Rating Scale was administered 360 minutes after drug intake. RESULTS Under psilocybin, there were alterations across all dimensions of the 5-Dimensional Altered States of Consciousness Rating Scale and widespread increases in averaged brain functional connectivity. Time-varying functional connectivity analysis unveiled a recurrent hyperconnected pattern characterized by low blood oxygen level-dependent signal amplitude, suggesting heightened cortical arousal. In terms of neuroexperiential links, canonical correlation analysis showed higher transition probabilities to the hyperconnected pattern with feelings of oceanic boundlessness and secondly with visionary restructuralization. CONCLUSIONS Psilocybin generates profound alterations at both the brain and the experiential levels. We suggest that the brain's tendency to enter a hyperconnected-hyperarousal pattern under psilocybin represents the potential to entertain variant mental associations. These findings illuminate the intricate interplay between brain dynamics and subjective experience under psilocybin, thereby providing insights into the neurophysiology and neuroexperiential qualities of the psychedelic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepehr Mortaheb
- Physiology of Cognition, GIGA Research, CRC Human Imaging Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium; Fund for Scientific Research FNRS, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Larry D Fort
- Physiology of Cognition, GIGA Research, CRC Human Imaging Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium; Fund for Scientific Research FNRS, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Natasha L Mason
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Pablo Mallaroni
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes G Ramaekers
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Athena Demertzi
- Physiology of Cognition, GIGA Research, CRC Human Imaging Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium; Fund for Scientific Research FNRS, Brussels, Belgium; Psychology & Neuroscience of Cognition, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
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2
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Schneider SC, Kaczmarz S, Göttler J, Kufer J, Zott B, Priller J, Kallmayer M, Zimmer C, Sorg C, Preibisch C. Stronger influence of systemic than local hemodynamic-vascular factors on resting-state BOLD functional connectivity. Neuroimage 2023; 281:120380. [PMID: 37741595 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Correlated fluctuations in the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal of resting-state functional MRI (i.e., BOLD-functional connectivity, BOLD-FC) reflect a spectrum of neuronal and non-neuronal processes. In particular, there are multiple hemodynamic-vascular influences on BOLD-FC on both systemic (e.g., perfusion delay) and local levels (e.g., neurovascular coupling). While the influence of individual factors has been studied extensively, combined and comparative studies of systemic and local hemodynamic-vascular factors on BOLD-FC are scarce, notably in humans. We employed a multi-modal MRI approach to investigate and compare distinct hemodynamic-vascular processes and their impact on homotopic BOLD-FC in healthy controls and patients with unilateral asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis (ICAS). Asymptomatic ICAS is a cerebrovascular disorder, in which neuronal functioning is largely preserved but hemodynamic-vascular processes are impaired, mostly on the side of stenosis. Investigated indicators for local hemodynamic-vascular processes comprise capillary transit time heterogeneity (CTH) and cerebral blood volume (CBV) from dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) MRI, and cerebral blood flow (CBF) from pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL). Indicators for systemic processes are time-to-peak (TTP) from DSC MRI and BOLD lags from functional MRI. For each of these parameters, their influence on BOLD-FC was estimated by a comprehensive linear mixed model. Equally across groups, we found that individual mean BOLD-FC, local (CTH, CBV, and CBF) and systemic (TTP and BOLD lag) hemodynamic-vascular factors together explain 40.7% of BOLD-FC variance, with 20% of BOLD-FC variance explained by hemodynamic-vascular factors, with an about two-times larger contribution of systemic versus local factors. We conclude that regional differences in blood supply, i.e., systemic perfusion delays, exert a stronger influence on BOLD-FC than impairments in local neurovascular coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian C Schneider
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Clinic for Psychiatry, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany; Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM Neuroimaging Center, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany; Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Stephan Kaczmarz
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM Neuroimaging Center, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany; Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Munich, Germany; Philips GmbH Market DACH, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jens Göttler
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM Neuroimaging Center, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany; Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Kufer
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM Neuroimaging Center, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany; Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Benedikt Zott
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM Neuroimaging Center, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany; Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Clinic for Psychiatry, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Kallmayer
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Clinic for vascular surgery, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Claus Zimmer
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Sorg
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Clinic for Psychiatry, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany; Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM Neuroimaging Center, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany; Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christine Preibisch
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM Neuroimaging Center, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany; Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Munich, Germany; Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Clinic for Neurology, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Munich, Germany
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Tay J, Düring M, van Leijsen EMC, Bergkamp MI, Norris DG, de Leeuw FE, Markus HS, Tuladhar AM. Network structure-function coupling and neurocognition in cerebral small vessel disease. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 38:103421. [PMID: 37141644 PMCID: PMC10176072 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral small vessel disease is a leading cause of cognitive decline and vascular dementia. Small vessel disease pathology changes structural brain networks, but its impact on functional networks remains poorly understood. Structural and functional networks are closely coupled in healthy individuals, and decoupling is associated with clinical symptoms in other neurological conditions. We tested the hypothesis that structural-functional network coupling is related to neurocognitive outcomes in 262 small vessel disease patients. METHODS Participants underwent multimodal magnetic resonance imaging and cognitive assessment in 2011 and 2015. Structural connectivity networks were reconstructed using probabilistic diffusion tractography, while functional connectivity networks were estimated from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Structural and functional networks were then correlated to calculate a measure of structural-functional network coupling for each participant. RESULTS Lower whole-brain coupling was associated with reduced processing speed and greater apathy both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. In addition, coupling within the cognitive control network was associated with all cognitive outcomes, suggesting that neurocognitive outcomes in small vessel disease may be related to the functioning of this intrinsic connectivity network. CONCLUSIONS Our work demonstrates the influence of structural-functional connectivity network decoupling in small vessel disease symptomatology. Cognitive control network function may be investigated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Tay
- Stroke Research Group, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marco Düring
- Medical Image Analysis Center (MIAC AG) and qbig, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Mayra I Bergkamp
- Department of Neurology, Donders Center for Medical Neurosciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - David G Norris
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Frank-Erik de Leeuw
- Department of Neurology, Donders Center for Medical Neurosciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Hugh S Markus
- Stroke Research Group, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anil M Tuladhar
- Department of Neurology, Donders Center for Medical Neurosciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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Sjuls GS, Specht K. Variability in Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: The Effect of Body Mass, Blood Pressure, Hematocrit, and Glycated Hemoglobin on Hemodynamic and Neuronal Parameters. Brain Connect 2022; 12:870-882. [PMID: 35473334 PMCID: PMC9807254 DOI: 10.1089/brain.2021.0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Replicability has become an increasing focus within the scientific communities with the ongoing "replication crisis." One area that appears to struggle with unreliable results is resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Therefore, the current study aimed at improving the knowledge of endogenous factors that contribute to inter-individual variability. Methods: Arterial blood pressure (BP), body mass, hematocrit, and glycated hemoglobin were investigated as potential sources of between-subject variability in rs-fMRI, in healthy individuals. Whether changes in resting-state networks (rs-networks) could be attributed to variability in the blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD)-signal, changes in neuronal activity, or both was of special interest. Within-subject parameters were estimated by utilizing dynamic-causal modeling, as it allows to make inferences on the estimated hemodynamic (BOLD-signal dynamics) and neuronal parameters (effective connectivity) separately. Results: The results of the analyses imply that BP and body mass can cause between-subject and between-group variability in the BOLD-signal and that all the included factors can affect the underlying connectivity. Discussion: Given the results of the current and previous studies, rs-fMRI results appear to be susceptible to a range of factors, which is likely to contribute to the low degree of replicability of these studies. Interestingly, the highest degree of variability seems to appear within the much-studied default mode network and its connections to other networks. Impact statement We believe that thanks to the evidence that we have collected by analyzing the well-controlled data of the Human Connectome Project with dynamic-causal modeling (DCM) and by focusing not only on the effective connectivity, which is the typical way of using DCM, but also by analyzing the underlying hemodynamic parameters, we were able to explore the underlying vascular dependencies in a much broader perspective. Our results challenge the premise for studying changes in the default mode network as a clinical marker of disease, and we add to the growing list of factors that contribute to resting-state network variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guro Stensby Sjuls
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Mohn Medical and Imaging Visualization Centre, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Language Acquisition and Language Processing Lab, Department of Language and Literature, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Address correspondence to: Guro Stensby Sjuls, Language Acquisition and Language Processing Lab, Department of Language and Literature, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Karsten Specht
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Mohn Medical and Imaging Visualization Centre, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Education, UiT/The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Scheel N, Keller JN, Binder EF, Vidoni ED, Burns JM, Thomas BP, Stowe AM, Hynan LS, Kerwin DR, Vongpatanasin W, Rossetti H, Cullum CM, Zhang R, Zhu DC. Evaluation of noise regression techniques in resting-state fMRI studies using data of 434 older adults. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1006056. [PMID: 36340768 PMCID: PMC9626831 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1006056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Subject motion is a well-known confound in resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) and the analysis of functional connectivity. Consequently, several clean-up strategies have been established to minimize the impact of subject motion. Physiological signals in response to cardiac activity and respiration are also known to alter the apparent rs-fMRI connectivity. Comprehensive comparisons of common noise regression techniques showed that the "Independent Component Analysis based strategy for Automatic Removal of Motion Artifacts" (ICA-AROMA) was a preferred pre-processing technique for teenagers and adults. However, motion and physiological noise characteristics may differ substantially for older adults. Here, we present a comprehensive comparison of noise-regression techniques for older adults from a large multi-site clinical trial of exercise and intensive pharmacological vascular risk factor reduction. The Risk Reduction for Alzheimer's Disease (rrAD) trial included hypertensive older adults (60-84 years old) at elevated risk of developing Alzheimer's Disease (AD). We compared the performance of censoring, censoring combined with global signal regression, non-aggressive and aggressive ICA-AROMA, as well as the Spatially Organized Component Klassifikator (SOCK) on the rs-fMRI baseline scans from 434 rrAD subjects. All techniques were rated based on network reproducibility, network identifiability, edge activity, spatial smoothness, and loss of temporal degrees of freedom (tDOF). We found that non-aggressive ICA-AROMA did not perform as well as the other four techniques, which performed table with marginal differences, demonstrating the validity of these techniques. Considering reproducibility as the most important factor for longitudinal studies, given low false-positive rates and a better preserved, more cohesive temporal structure, currently aggressive ICA-AROMA is likely the most suitable noise regression technique for rs-fMRI studies of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman Scheel
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Jeffrey N. Keller
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Ellen F. Binder
- Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Science, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Eric D. Vidoni
- Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Kansas, Fairway, KS, United States
| | - Jeffrey M. Burns
- Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Kansas, Fairway, KS, United States
| | - Binu P. Thomas
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Ann M. Stowe
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Linda S. Hynan
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Diana R. Kerwin
- Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital, Dallas, TX, United States
| | | | - Heidi Rossetti
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | | | - Rong Zhang
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States,Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - David C. Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States,*Correspondence: David C. Zhu,
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Mind blanking is a distinct mental state linked to a recurrent brain profile of globally positive connectivity during ongoing mentation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2200511119. [PMID: 36194631 PMCID: PMC9564098 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2200511119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mind blanking (MB) is a waking state during which we do not report any mental content. The phenomenology of MB challenges the view of a constantly thinking mind. Here, we comprehensively characterize the MB's neurobehavioral profile with the aim to delineate its role during ongoing mentation. Using functional MRI experience sampling, we show that the reportability of MB is less frequent, faster, and with lower transitional dynamics than other mental states, pointing to its role as a transient mental relay. Regarding its neural underpinnings, we observed higher global signal amplitude during MB reports, indicating a distinct physiological state. Using the time-varying functional connectome, we show that MB reports can be classified with high accuracy, suggesting that MB has a unique neural composition. Indeed, a pattern of global positive-phase coherence shows the highest similarity to the connectivity patterns associated with MB reports. We interpret this pattern's rigid signal architecture as hindering content reportability due to the brain's inability to differentiate signals in an informative way. Collectively, we show that MB has a unique neurobehavioral profile, indicating that nonreportable mental events can happen during wakefulness. Our results add to the characterization of spontaneous mentation and pave the way for more mechanistic investigations of MB's phenomenology.
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Demertzi A, Kucyi A, Ponce-Alvarez A, Keliris GA, Whitfield-Gabrieli S, Deco G. Functional network antagonism and consciousness. Netw Neurosci 2022; 6:998-1009. [PMID: 38800457 PMCID: PMC11117090 DOI: 10.1162/netn_a_00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous brain activity changes across states of consciousness. A particular consciousness-mediated configuration is the anticorrelations between the default mode network and other brain regions. What this antagonistic organization implies about consciousness to date remains inconclusive. In this Perspective Article, we propose that anticorrelations are the physiological expression of the concept of segregation, namely the brain's capacity to show selectivity in the way areas will be functionally connected. We postulate that this effect is mediated by the process of neural inhibition, by regulating global and local inhibitory activity. While recognizing that this effect can also result from other mechanisms, neural inhibition helps the understanding of how network metastability is affected after disrupting local and global neural balance. In combination with relevant theories of consciousness, we suggest that anticorrelations are a physiological prior that can work as a marker of preserved consciousness. We predict that if the brain is not in a state to host anticorrelations, then most likely the individual does not entertain subjective experience. We believe that this link between anticorrelations and the underlying physiology will help not only to comprehend how consciousness happens, but also conceptualize effective interventions for treating consciousness disorders in which anticorrelations seem particularly affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athena Demertzi
- Physiology of Cognition, GIGA Consciousness Research Unit, GIGA Institute (B34), Sart Tilman, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition (PsyNCog), Faculty of Psychology, Logopedics and Educational Sciences, Sart Tilman, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- GIGA-CRC In Vivo Imaging, Sart Tilman, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Fund for Scientific Research, FNRS, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Aaron Kucyi
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adrián Ponce-Alvarez
- Center for Brain and Cognition, Computational Neuroscience Group, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Georgios A. Keliris
- Bio-Imaging Lab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Susan Whitfield-Gabrieli
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Northeastern University Biomedical Imaging Center (NUBIC), Northeastern University Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering Complex (ISEC), Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gustavo Deco
- Center for Brain and Cognition, Computational Neuroscience Group, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de la Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, and Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Scheel N, Tarumi T, Tomoto T, Cullum CM, Zhang R, Zhu DC. Resting-state functional MRI signal fluctuation amplitudes are correlated with brain amyloid- β deposition in patients with mild cognitive impairment. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2022; 42:876-890. [PMID: 34861133 PMCID: PMC9254039 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x211064846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that amyloid-β (Aβ) and vascular etiologies are intertwined in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signals, measured by resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI), are associated with neuronal activity and cerebrovascular hemodynamics. Nevertheless, it is unclear if BOLD fluctuations are associated with Aβ deposition in individuals at high risk of AD. Thirty-three patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment underwent rs-fMRI and AV45 PET. The AV45 standardized uptake value ratio (AV45-SUVR) was calculated using cerebral white matter as reference, to assess Aβ deposition. The whole-brain normalized amplitudes of low-frequency fluctuations (sALFF) of local BOLD signals were calculated in the frequency band of 0.01-0.08 Hz. Stepwise increasing physiological/vascular signal regressions on the rs-fMRI data examined whether sALFF-AV45 correlations were driven by vascular hemodynamics, neuronal activities, or both. We found that sALFF and AV45-SUVR were negatively correlated in regions of default-mode and visual networks (precuneus, angular, lingual and fusiform gyri). Regions with higher sALFF had less Aβ accumulation. Correlated cluster sizes in MNI space (r ≈ -0.47) were reduced from 3018 mm3 to 1072 mm3 with stronger cardiovascular regression. These preliminary findings imply that local brain blood fluctuations due to vascular hemodynamics or neuronal activity can affect Aβ homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman Scheel
- Department of Radiology and Cognitive Imaging Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Takashi Tarumi
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital, Dallas, TX, USA.,Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Tomoto
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - C Munro Cullum
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rong Zhang
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - David C Zhu
- Department of Radiology and Cognitive Imaging Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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9
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Kelly RE, Hoptman MJ, Lee S, Alexopoulos GS, Gunning FM, McKeown MJ. Seed-based dual regression: An illustration of the impact of dual regression's inherent filtering of global signal. J Neurosci Methods 2022; 366:109410. [PMID: 34798212 PMCID: PMC8720564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional connectivity (FC) maps from brain fMRI data are often derived with seed-based methods that estimate temporal correlations between the time course in a predefined region (seed) and other brain regions (SCA, seed-based correlation analysis). Standard dual regression, which uses a set of spatial regressor maps, can detect FC with entire brain "networks," such as the default mode network, but may not be feasible when detecting FC associated with a single small brain region alone (for example, the amygdala). NEW METHOD We explored seed-based dual regression (SDR) from theoretical and practical points of view. SDR is a modified implementation of dual regression where the set of spatial regressors is replaced by a single binary spatial map of the seed region. RESULTS SDR allowed detection of FC with small brain regions. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD For both synthetic and natural fMRI data, detection of FC with SDR was identical to that obtained with SCA after removal of global signal from fMRI data with global signal regression (GSR). In the absence of GSR, detection of FC was significantly improved when using SDR compared with SCA. CONCLUSION The improved FC detection achieved with SDR was related to a partial filtering of the global signal that occurred during spatial regression, an integral part of dual regression. This filtering can sometimes lead to spurious negative correlations that result in a widespread negative bias in FC derived with any application of dual regression. We provide guidelines for how to identify and correct this potential problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert E Kelly
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, 21 Bloomingdale Road, White Plains, NY 10605, USA.
| | - Matthew J Hoptman
- Clinical Research Division, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research,140 Old Orangeburg Road, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA; Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - Soojin Lee
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK.
| | - George S Alexopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, 21 Bloomingdale Road, White Plains, NY 10605, USA.
| | - Faith M Gunning
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College, 21 Bloomingdale Road, White Plains, NY 10605, USA.
| | - Martin J McKeown
- Neurology, Pacific Parkinson's Research Center, University of British Columbia, 2221 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2B5 Canada.
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10
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Li J, Curley WH, Guerin B, Dougherty DD, Dalca AV, Fischl B, Horn A, Edlow BL. Mapping the subcortical connectivity of the human default mode network. Neuroimage 2021; 245:118758. [PMID: 34838949 PMCID: PMC8945548 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The default mode network (DMN) mediates self-awareness and introspection, core components of human consciousness. Therapies to restore consciousness in patients with severe brain injuries have historically targeted subcortical sites in the brainstem, thalamus, hypothalamus, basal forebrain, and basal ganglia, with the goal of reactivating cortical DMN nodes. However, the subcortical connectivity of the DMN has not been fully mapped, and optimal subcortical targets for therapeutic neuromodulation of consciousness have not been identified. In this work, we created a comprehensive map of DMN subcortical connectivity by combining high-resolution functional and structural datasets with advanced signal processing methods. We analyzed 7 Tesla resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) data from 168 healthy volunteers acquired in the Human Connectome Project. The rs-fMRI blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) data were temporally synchronized across subjects using the BrainSync algorithm. Cortical and subcortical DMN nodes were jointly analyzed and identified at the group level by applying a novel Nadam-Accelerated SCAlable and Robust (NASCAR) tensor decomposition method to the synchronized dataset. The subcortical connectivity map was then overlaid on a 7 Tesla 100 µm ex vivo MRI dataset for neuroanatomic analysis using automated segmentation of nuclei within the brainstem, thalamus, hypothalamus, basal forebrain, and basal ganglia. We further compared the NASCAR subcortical connectivity map with its counterpart generated from canonical seed-based correlation analyses. The NASCAR method revealed that BOLD signal in the central lateral nucleus of the thalamus and ventral tegmental area of the midbrain is strongly correlated with that of the DMN. In an exploratory analysis, additional subcortical sites in the median and dorsal raphe, lateral hypothalamus, and caudate nuclei were correlated with the cortical DMN. We also found that the putamen and globus pallidus are negatively correlated (i.e., anti-correlated) with the DMN, providing rs-fMRI evidence for the mesocircuit hypothesis of human consciousness, whereby a striatopallidal feedback system modulates anterior forebrain function via disinhibition of the central thalamus. Seed-based analyses yielded similar subcortical DMN connectivity, but the NASCAR result showed stronger contrast and better spatial alignment with dopamine immunostaining data. The DMN subcortical connectivity map identified here advances understanding of the subcortical regions that contribute to human consciousness and can be used to inform the selection of therapeutic targets in clinical trials for patients with disorders of consciousness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - William H Curley
- Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bastien Guerin
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Darin D Dougherty
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adrian V Dalca
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA; Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Bruce Fischl
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA; Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Andreas Horn
- Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Movement Disorders & Neuromodulation Section, Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Brian L Edlow
- Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
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11
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Romero-Garcia R, Hart MG, Bethlehem RAI, Mandal A, Assem M, Crespo-Facorro B, Gorriz JM, Burke GAA, Price SJ, Santarius T, Erez Y, Suckling J. BOLD Coupling between Lesioned and Healthy Brain Is Associated with Glioma Patients' Recovery. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5008. [PMID: 34638493 PMCID: PMC8508466 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13195008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Predicting functional outcomes after surgery and early adjuvant treatment is difficult due to the complex, extended, interlocking brain networks that underpin cognition. The aim of this study was to test glioma functional interactions with the rest of the brain, thereby identifying the risk factors of cognitive recovery or deterioration. Seventeen patients with diffuse non-enhancing glioma (aged 22-56 years) were longitudinally MRI scanned and cognitively assessed before and after surgery and during a 12-month recovery period (55 MRI scans in total after exclusions). We initially found, and then replicated in an independent dataset, that the spatial correlation pattern between regional and global BOLD signals (also known as global signal topography) was associated with tumour occurrence. We then estimated the coupling between the BOLD signal from within the tumour and the signal extracted from different brain tissues. We observed that the normative global signal topography is reorganised in glioma patients during the recovery period. Moreover, we found that the BOLD signal within the tumour and lesioned brain was coupled with the global signal and that this coupling was associated with cognitive recovery. Nevertheless, patients did not show any apparent disruption of functional connectivity within canonical functional networks. Understanding how tumour infiltration and coupling are related to patients' recovery represents a major step forward in prognostic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Romero-Garcia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), HUVR/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Michael G Hart
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
| | | | - Ayan Mandal
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - Moataz Assem
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Department of Psychiatry, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Sevilla, IBiS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, CIBERSAM, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Gorriz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
- Department of Signal Theory, Networking and Communications, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - G A Amos Burke
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Stephen J Price
- Academic Neurosurgery Division, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Thomas Santarius
- Academic Neurosurgery Division, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - Yaara Erez
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK
- Faculty of Engineering, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - John Suckling
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
- Cambridge and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB21 5EF, UK
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12
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Liu D, Zhao C, Wang W, Wang Y, Li R, Sun J, Liu J, Liu M, Zhang X, Liang Y, Li H. Altered Gray Matter Volume and Functional Connectivity in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Adults. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:601063. [PMID: 33343289 PMCID: PMC7744568 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.601063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH) are at high risk of neurocognitive impairment. The pathogenesis of neurocognitive impairment remains unclear, and there is still no diagnostic biomarker. By coupling three-dimensional T1-weighted imaging and resting-state functional imaging, we explored structural and functional alterations in PLWH and examined whether such imaging alterations had the potential to denote neurocognitive function. A total of 98 PLWH and 47 seronegative controls aged 20–53 years were recruited. Structural alterations were first explored between HIV-negative controls and PLWH. Subsequently, brain regions showing gray matter alterations were used as seeds for separate whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) analysis. Finally, the relationships between imaging alterations and cognitive function were explored. PLWH suffered from thalamus, occipital lobe, and hippocampus/parahippocampus atrophy. Visual cortices in PLWH showed decreased anticorrelation with the posterior cingulate cortex and left angular gyrus of the default mode network. FC within the visual cortices (between the left calcarine and right calcarine) and in the thalamic prefrontal circuit and between the thalamus and somatosensory association cortex were also altered. In addition, FC between the left thalamus and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in the cognitively impaired group was significantly different from that in the cognitively normal group in PLWH. Partial correlation analysis uncorrected for multiple comparisons suggested that some imaging alterations can be associated with neurocognition. Our study supports the presence of brain atrophy and functional reconfiguration in PLWH. Imaging alterations can be associated with neurocognitive function. We hold that neuroimaging is a promising approach in evaluating PLWH and might have the potential to clarify the pathogenesis of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cui Zhao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Second Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ruili Li
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaojiao Liu
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingming Liu
- Physical Examination Center, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Liang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjun Li
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing, China
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13
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Zhuang Y, Shi Y, Zhang J, Kong D, Guo L, Bo G, Feng Y. Neurologic Factors in Patients with Vascular Mild Cognitive Impairment Based on fMRI. World Neurosurg 2020; 149:461-469. [PMID: 33253953 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.11.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study focused on the application of functional magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychology in diagnosis of vascular mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and the exploration of its relevant factors. The study enrolled 28 patients with vascular MCI in an observation group and 30 healthy individuals in a control group. All patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging. An automatic segmentation algorithm based on graph theory was adopted to process the images. Age, sex, disease course, Montreal Cognitive Assessment score, regional homogeneity, and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation levels were recorded. There were no significant differences in age, gender, and course of disease between the observation group and the control group (P > 0.05). The level of regional homogeneity in the left posterior cerebellum in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05).The regional homogeneity level of bilateral cingulate cortex was negatively correlated with Montreal Cognitive Assessment score (P < 0.05). The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation of bilateral inferior parietal lobe, parietal lobe, and prefrontal lobe in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation of bilateral anterior cingulate gyrus, superior medial frontal gyrus, orbital frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, and right auxiliary motor area was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Heart disease, such as myocardial infarction and atrial fibrillation, is a high risk factor for vascular MCI. Functional magnetic resonance imaging combined with an automatic segmentation algorithm can noninvasively observe the changes of a patient's brain tissue, which can be used in the recognition of vascular MCI. The global network attributes of patients with depression tend to be more randomized and have stronger resilience under targeted attacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhuang
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian City, China
| | - Yuntao Shi
- Department of Digestive, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian City, China
| | - Jiandong Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian City, China
| | - Dan Kong
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian City, China
| | - Lili Guo
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian City, China
| | - Genji Bo
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian City, China
| | - Yun Feng
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian City, China.
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14
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Archila-Meléndez ME, Sorg C, Preibisch C. Modeling the impact of neurovascular coupling impairments on BOLD-based functional connectivity at rest. Neuroimage 2020; 218:116871. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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15
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Intranetwork and Internetwork Effects of Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Using Low- and High-Frequency Pulse Application to the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex: A Combined rTMS-fMRI Approach. J Clin Neurophysiol 2020; 37:131-139. [PMID: 30335664 DOI: 10.1097/wnp.0000000000000528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Although transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is routinely applied in neuroscience and clinical settings, not much is known about its effects on brain networks. Therefore, this pilot study was set up using repetitive navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) to explore frequency-dependent stimulation effects on an intranetwork and internetwork level. METHODS Six healthy subjects (median age: 23.5 years) underwent two rTMS sessions (1 and 10 Hz), 7 days apart, and prestimulation and poststimulation rs-fMRI. Repetitive navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation was delivered to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, with the exact stimulation target being determined by independent component analysis. Alterations of functional connectivity strength were evaluated using seed-based correlation analyses within and between the salience network, central executive network, and posterior and anterior default mode network. RESULTS Low-frequency rTMS resulted in significant intranetwork alterations only for the anterior default mode network and primarily within the left hemisphere. In contrast, high-frequency rTMS led to changes within all four networks of interest. Moreover, the posterior and anterior default mode network largely showed opposite effects to rTMS, and the anterior default mode network was rather isolated from the other networks, which was especially true for low-frequency rTMS. Changes in functional connectivity strength because of low-frequency rTMS were even detectable 7 days after stimulation. CONCLUSIONS This is one of the first studies using neuronavigated TMS with independent component analysis-based target selection to explore frequency-dependent stimulation effects in a combined rTMS-fMRI approach. Future studies including higher subject numbers may define the underlying mechanisms for the different responses to low- and high-frequency rTMS.
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16
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Ding K, Tarumi T, Wang C, Vernino S, Zhang R, Zhu DC. Central autonomic network functional connectivity: correlation with baroreflex function and cardiovascular variability in older adults. Brain Struct Funct 2020; 225:1575-1585. [PMID: 32350644 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-020-02075-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Baroreflex regulates short-term cardiovascular variability via the autonomic neural system. The contributions of the central autonomic system to the baroreflex regulations of arterial blood pressure (BP) and heart rate have been reported in young healthy adults, but not in older adults. Therefore, we investigated the association between the high-level central autonomic network (CAN) connectivity and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) under a resting condition in a healthy older population. Twenty-two older adults (68 ± 8 years old) underwent BRS assessment using the modified Oxford and transfer function methods. Resting-state brain functional MRI was performed to assess the CAN functional connectivity at rest. We found that the functional connectivity (FC) between the left amygdala and left medial frontal gyrus (MeFG), bilateral postcentral gyri and bilateral paracentral lobules (PCL) is associated with BRS and R-R interval (RRI) variability in the low-frequency (LF) range. Compared to the left amygdala, the FC map of the right amygdala only showed significant associations with BRS in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and with RRI variability in the left occipital region. In addition, post hoc analysis of the functionally defined left insula sub-region confirmed the association between CAN and BRS. Overall, our study demonstrates that CAN and its related brain regions may be involved, likely in a left-lateral manner, in peripheral cardiac autonomic regulation at rest. The results highlight the potential importance of brain neural network function in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Ding
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Takashi Tarumi
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.,Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, 8200 Walnut Hill Ln, Dallas, TX, 75231, USA.,Human Informatics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ciwen Wang
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Steven Vernino
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.,Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, 8200 Walnut Hill Ln, Dallas, TX, 75231, USA
| | - David C Zhu
- Departments of Radiology and Psychology and Cognitive Imaging Research Center, Michigan State University, Radiology Building, 846 Service Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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17
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Multivariate classification of schizophrenia and its familial risk based on load-dependent attentional control brain functional connectivity. Neuropsychopharmacology 2020; 45:613-621. [PMID: 31581175 PMCID: PMC7021788 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-019-0532-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), as well as their unaffected siblings (SIB), show functional connectivity (FC) alterations during performance of tasks involving attention. As compared with SCZ, these alterations are present in SIB to a lesser extent and are more pronounced during high cognitive demand, thus possibly representing one of the pathways in which familial risk is translated into the SCZ phenotype. Our aim is to measure the separability of SCZ and SIB from healthy controls (HC) using attentional control-dependent FC patterns, and to test to which extent these patterns span a continuum of neurofunctional alterations between HC and SCZ. 65 SCZ with 65 age and gender-matched HC and 39 SIB with 39 matched HC underwent the Variable Attentional Control (VAC) task. Load-dependent connectivity matrices were generated according to correct responses in each VAC load. Classification performances of high, intermediate and low VAC load FC on HC-SCZ and HC-SIB cohorts were tested through machine learning techniques within a repeated nested cross-validation framework. HC-SCZ classification models were applied to the HC-SIB cohort, and vice-versa. A high load-related decreased FC pattern discriminated between HC and SCZ with 66.9% accuracy and with 57.7% accuracy between HC and SIB. A high load-related increased FC network separated SIB from HC (69.6% accuracy), but not SCZ from HC (48.5% accuracy). Our findings revealed signatures of attentional FC abnormalities shared by SCZ and SIB individuals. We also found evidence for potential, SIB-specific FC signature, which may point to compensatory neurofunctional mechanisms in persons at familial risk for schizophrenia.
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18
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Zhao T, Quan M, Jia J. Functional Connectivity of Default Mode Network Subsystems in the Presymptomatic Stage of Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 73:1435-1444. [PMID: 31929167 DOI: 10.3233/jad-191065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The default mode network (DMN) could be divided into subsystems, the functional connectivity of which are different across the Alzheimer's disease (AD) spectrum. However, the functional connectivity patterns within the subsystems are unknown in presymptomatic autosomal dominant AD (ADAD). OBJECTIVE To investigate functional connectivity patterns within the subsystems of the DMN in presymptomatic subjects carrying PSEN1, PSEN2, or APP gene mutations. METHODS Twenty-six presymptomatic mutation carriers (PMC) and twenty-nine cognitively normal non-carriers as normal controls (NC) from the same families underwent resting state functional MRI and structural MRI. Seed-based analyses were done to obtain functional connectivity of posterior and anterior DMN. For the regions that showed significant connectivity difference between PMC and NC, volumes were extracted and compared between the two groups. Connectivity measures were then correlated with cognitive tests scores. RESULTS The posterior DMN showed connectivity decrease in the PMC group as compared with the NC group, which was primarily the connectivity of left precuneus with right precuneus and superior frontal gyrus; the anterior DMN showed significant connectivity decrease in the PMC group, which was the connectivity of medial frontal gyrus with middle frontal gyrus. In the brain regions showing connectivity changes in the PMC group, there was no group difference in volume. A positive correlation was observed between the precuneus connectivity value and Mini-Mental State Examination total score. CONCLUSION Functional connectivity within both posterior and anterior DMN were disrupted in the presymptomatic stage of ADAD. Connectivity disruption within the posterior DMN may be useful for early identification of general cognitive decline and a potential imaging biomarker for early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Zhao
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Meina Quan
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jianping Jia
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, Beijing, China.,Clinical Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Memory Impairment, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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19
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Aso T, Urayama S, Fukuyama H, Murai T. Axial variation of deoxyhemoglobin density as a source of the low-frequency time lag structure in blood oxygenation level-dependent signals. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222787. [PMID: 31545839 PMCID: PMC6756514 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Perfusion-related information is reportedly embedded in the low-frequency component of a blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signal. The blood-propagation pattern through the cerebral vascular tree is detected as an interregional lag variation of spontaneous low-frequency oscillations (sLFOs). Mapping of this lag, or phase, has been implicitly treated as a projection of the vascular tree structure onto real space. While accumulating evidence supports the biological significance of this signal component, the physiological basis of the “perfusion lag structure,” a requirement for an integrative resting-state fMRI-signal model, is lacking. In this study, we conducted analyses furthering the hypothesis that the sLFO is not only largely of systemic origin, but also essentially intrinsic to blood, and hence behaves as a virtual tracer. By summing the small fluctuations of instantaneous phase differences between adjacent vascular regions, a velocity response to respiratory challenges was detected. Regarding the relationship to neurovascular coupling, the removal of the whole lag structure, which can be considered as an optimized global-signal regression, resulted in a reduction of inter-individual variance while preserving the fMRI response. Examination of the T2* and S0, or non-BOLD, components of the fMRI signal revealed that the lag structure is deoxyhemoglobin dependent, while paradoxically presenting a signal-magnitude reduction in the venous side of the cerebral vasculature. These findings provide insight into the origin of BOLD sLFOs, suggesting that they are highly intrinsic to the circulating blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Aso
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Laboratory for Brain Connectomics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
- Human Brain Research Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Shinnichi Urayama
- Human Brain Research Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Research and Educational Unit of Leaders for Integrated Medical System, Center for the Promotion of Interdisciplinary Education and Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hidenao Fukuyama
- Human Brain Research Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Research and Educational Unit of Leaders for Integrated Medical System, Center for the Promotion of Interdisciplinary Education and Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshiya Murai
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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20
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Kurosaki H, Nakahata K, Donishi T, Shiro M, Ino K, Terada M, Kawamata T, Kaneoke Y. Effects of perinatal blood pressure on maternal brain functional connectivity. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203067. [PMID: 30153298 PMCID: PMC6112678 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Perinatal hypertensive disorder including pre-eclampsia is a systemic syndrome that occurs in 3–5% of pregnant women. It can result in various degrees of brain damage. A recent study suggested that even gestational hypertension without proteinuria can cause cardiovascular or cognitive impairments later in life. We hypothesized that perinatal hypertension affects the brain functional connectivity (FC) regardless of the clinical manifestation of brain functional impairment. In the present study, we analyzed regional global connectivity (rGC) strength (mean cross-correlation coefficient between a brain region and all other regions) using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to clarify brain FC changes associated with perinatal blood pressure using data from 16 women with a normal pregnancy and 21 pregnant women with pre-eclampsia. The rGC values in the bilateral orbitofrontal gyri were negatively correlated with diastolic blood pressure (dBP), which could not be explained by other pre-eclampsia symptoms. The strength of FC seeding at the left orbitofrontal gyrus was negatively correlated with dBP in the anterior cingulate gyri and right middle frontal gyrus. These results suggest that dBP elevation during pregnancy can affect the brain FC. Since FC is known to be associated with various brain functions and diseases, our findings are important for elucidating the neural correlate of cognitive impairments related to hypertension in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromichi Kurosaki
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
- * E-mail: (HK); (KN)
| | - Katsutoshi Nakahata
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
- * E-mail: (HK); (KN)
| | - Tomohiro Donishi
- Department of System Neurophysiology, Graduate School of Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Michihisa Shiro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | | | - Tomoyuki Kawamata
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Kaneoke
- Department of System Neurophysiology, Graduate School of Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
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21
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Tarumi T, Zhang R. Cerebral blood flow in normal aging adults: cardiovascular determinants, clinical implications, and aerobic fitness. J Neurochem 2018; 144:595-608. [PMID: 28986925 PMCID: PMC5874160 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Senescence is a leading cause of mortality, disability, and non-communicable chronic diseases in older adults. Mounting evidence indicates that the presence of cardiovascular disease and risk factors elevates the incidence of both vascular cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Age-related declines in cardiovascular function may impair cerebral blood flow (CBF) regulation, leading to the disruption of neuronal micro-environmental homeostasis. The brain is the most metabolically active organ with limited intracellular energy storage and critically depends on CBF to sustain neuronal metabolism. In patients with AD, cerebral hypoperfusion, increased CBF pulsatility, and impaired blood pressure control during orthostatic stress have been reported, indicating exaggerated, age-related decline in both cerebro- and cardiovascular function. Currently, AD lacks effective treatments; therefore, the development of preventive strategy is urgently needed. Regular aerobic exercise improves cardiovascular function, which in turn may lead to a better CBF regulation, thus reducing the dementia risk. In this review, we discuss the effects of aging on cardiovascular regulation of CBF and provide new insights into the vascular mechanisms of cognitive impairment and potential effects of aerobic exercise training on CBF regulation. This article is part of the Special Issue "Vascular Dementia".
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Tarumi
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas (8200 Walnut Hill Ln, Dallas, TX, USA 75231)
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (5323 Harry Hines Blvd, TX, USA 75390)
| | - Rong Zhang
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas (8200 Walnut Hill Ln, Dallas, TX, USA 75231)
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (5323 Harry Hines Blvd, TX, USA 75390)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (5323 Harry Hines Blvd, TX, USA 75390)
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22
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He Y, Wang M, Chen X, Pohmann R, Polimeni JR, Scheffler K, Rosen BR, Kleinfeld D, Yu X. Ultra-Slow Single-Vessel BOLD and CBV-Based fMRI Spatiotemporal Dynamics and Their Correlation with Neuronal Intracellular Calcium Signals. Neuron 2018; 97:925-939.e5. [PMID: 29398359 PMCID: PMC5845844 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Functional MRI has been used to map brain activity and functional connectivity based on the strength and temporal coherence of neurovascular-coupled hemodynamic signals. Here, single-vessel fMRI reveals vessel-specific correlation patterns in both rodents and humans. In anesthetized rats, fluctuations in the vessel-specific fMRI signal are correlated with the intracellular calcium signal measured in neighboring neurons. Further, the blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal from individual venules and the cerebral-blood-volume signal from individual arterioles show correlations at ultra-slow (<0.1 Hz), anesthetic-modulated rhythms. These data support a model that links neuronal activity to intrinsic oscillations in the cerebral vasculature, with a spatial correlation length of ∼2 mm for arterioles. In complementary data from awake human subjects, the BOLD signal is spatially correlated among sulcus veins and specified intracortical veins of the visual cortex at similar ultra-slow rhythms. These data support the use of fMRI to resolve functional connectivity at the level of single vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi He
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance Department, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; Graduate Training Centre of Neuroscience, International Max Planck Research School, University of Tuebingen, 72074 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Maosen Wang
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance Department, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; Graduate Training Centre of Neuroscience, International Max Planck Research School, University of Tuebingen, 72074 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Xuming Chen
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance Department, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; Graduate Training Centre of Neuroscience, International Max Planck Research School, University of Tuebingen, 72074 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Rolf Pohmann
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance Department, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jonathan R Polimeni
- MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02114, USA
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance Department, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bruce R Rosen
- MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02114, USA
| | - David Kleinfeld
- Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Section of Neurobiology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Xin Yu
- High-Field Magnetic Resonance Department, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
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23
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Gruszecki M, Lancaster G, Stefanovska A, Neary JP, Dech RT, Guminski W, Frydrychowski AF, Kot J, Winklewski PJ. Human subarachnoid space width oscillations in the resting state. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3057. [PMID: 29449606 PMCID: PMC5814422 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21038-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pulsatility has been implicated in patients suffering from various diseases, including multiple sclerosis and hypertension. CSF pulsatility results in subarachnoid space (SAS) width changes, which can be measured with near-infrared transillumination backscattering sounding (NIR-T/BSS). The aim of this study was to combine NIR-T/BSS and wavelet analysis methods to characterise the dynamics of the SAS width within a wide range of frequencies from 0.005 to 2 Hz, with low frequencies studied in detail for the first time. From recordings in the resting state, we also demonstrate the relationships between SAS width in both hemispheres of the brain, and investigate how the SAS width dynamics is related to the blood pressure (BP). These investigations also revealed influences of age and SAS correlation on the dynamics of SAS width and its similarity with the BP. Combination of NIR-T/BSS and time-frequency analysis may open up new frontiers in the understanding and diagnosis of various neurodegenerative and ageing related diseases to improve diagnostic procedures and patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Gruszecki
- Department of Radiology Informatics and Statistics, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
| | | | | | - J Patrick Neary
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina, Canada
| | - Ryan T Dech
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina, Canada
| | - Wojciech Guminski
- Department of Computer Communications, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Jacek Kot
- National Centre for Hyperbaric Medicine, Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdynia, Poland
| | - Pawel J Winklewski
- Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.,Department of Clinical Anatomy and Physiology, Pomeranian University of Slupsk, Slupsk, Poland
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24
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Novel Wavelet Real Time Analysis of Neurovascular Coupling in Neonatal Encephalopathy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45958. [PMID: 28393884 PMCID: PMC5385531 DOI: 10.1038/srep45958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Birth asphyxia constitutes a major global public health burden for millions of infants, despite hypothermia therapy. There is a critical need for real time surrogate markers of therapeutic success, to aid in patient selection and/or modification of interventions in neonatal encephalopathy (NE). This is a proof of concept study aiming to quantify neurovascular coupling (NVC) using wavelet analysis of the dynamic coherence between amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) and near-infrared spectroscopy in NE. NVC coupling is assessed by a wavelet metric estimation of percent time of coherence between NIRS SctO2 and aEEG for 78 hours after birth. An abnormal outcome was predefined by a Bayley III score <85 by 18–24 m. We observed high coherence, intact NVC, between the oscillations of SctO2 and aEEG in the frequency range of 0.00025–0.001 Hz in the non-encephalopathic newborns. NVC coherence was significantly decreased in encephalopathic newborns who were cooled vs. non-encephalopathic controls (median IQR 3[2–9] vs.36 [33–39]; p < 0.01), and was significantly lower in those with abnormal 24 months outcomes relative to those with normal outcomes (median IQR 2[1–3] vs 28[19–26], p = 0.04). Wavelet coherence analysis of neurovascular coupling in NE may identify infants at risk for abnormal outcomes.
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25
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Khalil AA, Ostwaldt AC, Nierhaus T, Ganeshan R, Audebert HJ, Villringer K, Villringer A, Fiebach JB. Relationship Between Changes in the Temporal Dynamics of the Blood-Oxygen-Level-Dependent Signal and Hypoperfusion in Acute Ischemic Stroke. Stroke 2017; 48:925-931. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.116.015566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background and Purpose—
Changes in the blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal provide a noninvasive measure of blood flow, but a detailed comparison with established perfusion parameters in acute stroke is lacking. We investigated the relationship between BOLD signal temporal delay and dynamic susceptibility contrast magnetic resonance imaging (DSC-MRI) in stroke patients.
Methods—
In 30 patients with acute (<24 hours) ischemic stroke, we performed Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression between DSC-MRI parameters (time to maximum [Tmax], mean transit time, cerebral blood flow, and cerebral blood volume) and BOLD-based parameters (BOLD delay and coefficient of BOLD variation). Prediction of severe hypoperfusion (Tmax >6 seconds) was assessed using receiver–operator characteristic (ROC) analysis.
Results—
Correlation was highest between Tmax and BOLD delay (venous sinus reference; time shift range 7; median
r
=0.60; interquartile range=0.49–0.71). Coefficient of BOLD variation correlated with cerebral blood volume (median
r
= 0.37; interquartile range=0.24–0.51). Mean
R
2
for predicting BOLD delay by DSC-MRI was 0.54 (SD=0.2) and for predicting coefficient of BOLD variation was 0.37 (SD=0.17). BOLD delay (whole-brain reference, time shift range 3) had an area under the curve of 0.76 for predicting severe hypoperfusion (sensitivity=69.2%; specificity=80%), whereas BOLD delay (venous sinus reference, time shift range 3) had an area under the curve of 0.76 (sensitivity=67.3%; specificity=83.5%).
Conclusions—
BOLD delay is related to macrovascular delay and microvascular hypoperfusion, can identify severely hypoperfused tissue in acute stroke, and is a promising alternative to gadolinium contrast agent–based perfusion assessment in acute stroke.
Clinical Trial Registration—
URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00715533 and NCT02077582.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A. Khalil
- From the Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (A.A.K., A.-C.O., R.G., H.J.A., K.V., J.B.F.); Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany (A.A.K., T.N., A.V.); Mind, Brain, Body Institute, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-University, Berlin, Germany (A.A.K., A.V.); and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Berlin (CCNB), Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany (T
| | - Ann-Christin Ostwaldt
- From the Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (A.A.K., A.-C.O., R.G., H.J.A., K.V., J.B.F.); Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany (A.A.K., T.N., A.V.); Mind, Brain, Body Institute, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-University, Berlin, Germany (A.A.K., A.V.); and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Berlin (CCNB), Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany (T
| | - Till Nierhaus
- From the Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (A.A.K., A.-C.O., R.G., H.J.A., K.V., J.B.F.); Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany (A.A.K., T.N., A.V.); Mind, Brain, Body Institute, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-University, Berlin, Germany (A.A.K., A.V.); and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Berlin (CCNB), Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany (T
| | - Ramanan Ganeshan
- From the Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (A.A.K., A.-C.O., R.G., H.J.A., K.V., J.B.F.); Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany (A.A.K., T.N., A.V.); Mind, Brain, Body Institute, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-University, Berlin, Germany (A.A.K., A.V.); and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Berlin (CCNB), Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany (T
| | - Heinrich J. Audebert
- From the Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (A.A.K., A.-C.O., R.G., H.J.A., K.V., J.B.F.); Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany (A.A.K., T.N., A.V.); Mind, Brain, Body Institute, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-University, Berlin, Germany (A.A.K., A.V.); and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Berlin (CCNB), Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany (T
| | - Kersten Villringer
- From the Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (A.A.K., A.-C.O., R.G., H.J.A., K.V., J.B.F.); Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany (A.A.K., T.N., A.V.); Mind, Brain, Body Institute, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-University, Berlin, Germany (A.A.K., A.V.); and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Berlin (CCNB), Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany (T
| | - Arno Villringer
- From the Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (A.A.K., A.-C.O., R.G., H.J.A., K.V., J.B.F.); Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany (A.A.K., T.N., A.V.); Mind, Brain, Body Institute, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-University, Berlin, Germany (A.A.K., A.V.); and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Berlin (CCNB), Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany (T
| | - Jochen B. Fiebach
- From the Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (A.A.K., A.-C.O., R.G., H.J.A., K.V., J.B.F.); Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany (A.A.K., T.N., A.V.); Mind, Brain, Body Institute, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-University, Berlin, Germany (A.A.K., A.V.); and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Berlin (CCNB), Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany (T
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26
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Abstract
Progress in understanding the relation between brain profiles and emotions is being slowed by the belief in a collection of basic emotional states, with the names: fear, anger, joy, disgust, and sadness, that do not specify the species or age of the experiencing agent, the origin of the state, or the evidence used to infer it. This article evaluates critically the premise that decontextualized emotional words refer to natural kinds. It also suggests that investigators set aside the currently popular words and search for relations, in humans and animals, between patterns of measures to varied incentives presented in distinctive contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Kagan
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, USA
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27
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Murphy K, Fox MD. Towards a consensus regarding global signal regression for resting state functional connectivity MRI. Neuroimage 2016; 154:169-173. [PMID: 27888059 PMCID: PMC5489207 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 658] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of resting state functional connectivity MRI studies continues to expand at a rapid rate along with the options for data processing. Of the processing options, few have generated as much controversy as global signal regression and the subsequent observation of negative correlations (anti-correlations). This debate has motivated new processing strategies and advancement in the field, but has also generated significant confusion and contradictory guidelines. In this article, we work towards a consensus regarding global signal regression. We highlight several points of agreement including the fact that there is not a single "right" way to process resting state data that reveals the "true" nature of the brain. Although further work is needed, different processing approaches likely reveal complementary insights about the brain's functional organisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Murphy
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, United Kingdom; Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Michael D Fox
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
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28
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Dysfunction of the cingulo-opercular network in first-episode medication-naive patients with major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2016; 200:275-83. [PMID: 27155070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common psychiatric disorder that may be associated with abnormal cognitive control and emotion regulation. Previous studies have found that network disconnection within the cingulo-opercular network (CON) plays an important role in psychiatric disorders and that the CON may be relevant to the psychopathology of MDD. We thus used the resting-state functional connectivity method in patients with MDD and healthy controls to examine CON neural circuit abnormalities in MDD. METHODS Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we investigated the resting state functional connectivity of the CON using the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) as the seed region of interest. The resulting functional connectivity (FC) correlation maps were employed to investigate between-group differences. Additionally, we examined the association between depression symptom severity and functional connectivity results. The participants were patients with MDD (n=19) and healthy controls (n=19). RESULTS Patients with MDD showed abnormalities in the connectivity of the CON. We found abnormal connectivity in MDD patients between the dACC and the bilateral middle frontal gyrus (MFG) and left angular gyrus (LAG) and precentral gyrus. Moreover, regression analysis showed that depression symptom severity (measured with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) and Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire scores (ATQ)) was significantly correlated with the FC values of the CON. LIMITATIONS First, our study consisted of a relatively small sample size that may have limited statistical power. Second, the current study design cannot conclusively specify the role of the CON in the neuropathology of depression. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that MDD is associated with disrupted FC of the CON, which plays an important role in the pathophysiological mechanisms of MDD.
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29
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Tachtsidis I, Scholkmann F. False positives and false negatives in functional near-infrared spectroscopy: issues, challenges, and the way forward. NEUROPHOTONICS 2016; 3:031405. [PMID: 27054143 PMCID: PMC4791590 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.3.3.031405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 277] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We highlight a significant problem that needs to be considered and addressed when performing functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) studies, namely the possibility of inadvertently measuring fNIRS hemodynamic responses that are not due to neurovascular coupling. These can be misinterpreted as brain activity, i.e., "false positives" (errors caused by wrongly assigning a detected hemodynamic response to functional brain activity), or mask brain activity, i.e., "false negatives" (errors caused by wrongly assigning a not observed hemodynamic response in the presence of functional brain activity). Here, we summarize the possible physiological origins of these issues and suggest ways to avoid and remove them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilias Tachtsidis
- University College London, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Gower Street, Malet Place Engineering Building, WC1E 6BT, London, United Kingdom
| | - Felix Scholkmann
- University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Department of Neonatology, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Frauenklinikstr. 10, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Address all correspondence to: Felix Scholkmann, E-mail:
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30
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Tachtsidis I, Scholkmann F. False positives and false negatives in functional near-infrared spectroscopy: issues, challenges, and the way forward. NEUROPHOTONICS 2016. [PMID: 27054143 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.3.3.030401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
We highlight a significant problem that needs to be considered and addressed when performing functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) studies, namely the possibility of inadvertently measuring fNIRS hemodynamic responses that are not due to neurovascular coupling. These can be misinterpreted as brain activity, i.e., "false positives" (errors caused by wrongly assigning a detected hemodynamic response to functional brain activity), or mask brain activity, i.e., "false negatives" (errors caused by wrongly assigning a not observed hemodynamic response in the presence of functional brain activity). Here, we summarize the possible physiological origins of these issues and suggest ways to avoid and remove them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilias Tachtsidis
- University College London , Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Gower Street, Malet Place Engineering Building, WC1E 6BT, London, United Kingdom
| | - Felix Scholkmann
- University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich , Department of Neonatology, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Frauenklinikstr. 10, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
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