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Vogeley C, Kress S, Lang D, Vogel CFA, Hartung F, Brenden H, Nakamura M, Grether-Beck S, Rossi A, Krutmann J, Schikowski T, Haarmann-Stemmann T. A gene variant of AKR1C3 contributes to interindividual susceptibilities to atopic dermatitis triggered by particulate air pollution. Allergy 2023; 78:1372-1375. [PMID: 36524327 PMCID: PMC10159942 DOI: 10.1111/all.15622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Vogeley
- IUF – Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sara Kress
- IUF – Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dieter Lang
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Research Center, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Christoph F. A. Vogel
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Frederick Hartung
- IUF – Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Heidi Brenden
- IUF – Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Motoki Nakamura
- Department of Environmental and Geriatric Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Susanne Grether-Beck
- IUF – Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrea Rossi
- IUF – Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jean Krutmann
- IUF – Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tamara Schikowski
- IUF – Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Smith CJ, Williams JL, Hall C, Casas J, Caley MP, O'Toole EA, Prasad R, Metherell LA. Ichthyosis linked to sphingosine 1-phosphate lyase insufficiency is due to aberrant sphingolipid and calcium regulation. J Lipid Res 2023; 64:100351. [PMID: 36868360 PMCID: PMC10123262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate lyase (SGPL1) insufficiency (SPLIS) is a syndrome which presents with adrenal insufficiency, steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome, hypothyroidism, neurological disease, and ichthyosis. Where a skin phenotype is reported, 94% had abnormalities such as ichthyosis, acanthosis, and hyperpigmentation. To elucidate the disease mechanism and the role SGPL1 plays in the skin barrier we established clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-Cas9 SGPL1 KO and a lentiviral-induced SGPL1 overexpression (OE) in telomerase reverse-transcriptase immortalised human keratinocytes (N/TERT-1) and thereafter organotypic skin equivalents. Loss of SGPL1 caused an accumulation of S1P, sphingosine, and ceramides, while its overexpression caused a reduction of these species. RNAseq analysis showed perturbations in sphingolipid pathway genes, particularly in SGPL1_KO, and our gene set enrichment analysis revealed polar opposite differential gene expression between SGPL1_KO and _OE in keratinocyte differentiation and Ca2+ signaling genesets. SGPL1_KO upregulated differentiation markers, while SGPL1_OE upregulated basal and proliferative markers. The advanced differentiation of SGPL1_KO was confirmed by 3D organotypic models that also presented with a thickened and retained stratum corneum and a breakdown of E-cadherin junctions. We conclude that SPLIS associated ichthyosis is a multifaceted disease caused possibly by sphingolipid imbalance and excessive S1P signaling, leading to increased differentiation and an imbalance of the lipid lamellae throughout the epidermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Smith
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Jack L Williams
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Hall
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Josefina Casas
- Research Unit on BioActive Molecules (RUBAM), Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Centre (CIBEREHD), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Matthew P Caley
- Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Edel A O'Toole
- Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rathi Prasad
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Louise A Metherell
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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3
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Influence of aldo-keto reductase 1C3 polymorphisms in early-onset female psoriasis patients. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3280. [PMID: 36841845 PMCID: PMC9968313 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30464-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The principal pathology of psoriasis is impaired skin barrier function, epidermal thickening, and granular layer loss. Exposure to extrinsic factors such as tobacco smoke and air pollutants is associated with the development of psoriasis. Aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AHRs) are activated by extrinsic factors associated with the development of psoriasis and act as transcriptional regulators. Expression of aldo-keto reductase (AKR) 1C3 in the epidermal spinous layer regulates epidermal keratinocyte differentiation via the AHR signaling pathway. We investigated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in AKR1C3 are associated with the pathogenesis of psoriasis. The proportions of rs12529 G/C, C/C variants, and rs12387 A/A, A/G variants were twofold higher in Japanese psoriasis patients (n = 231) compared with a Japanese healthy cohort. The SNPs were significantly more common than the majority variants in female patients with disease onset ≤ 22 years of age. Patients with rs12529 G > C and rs12387 A > G SNPs exhibited significantly lower AKR1C3 expression and higher expression of late differentiation markers. In conclusion, AKR1C3 downregulation caused by rs12529 G > C and rs12387 A > G SNPs in the epidermis induces abnormal early differentiation of keratinocytes and skin barrier dysfunction, which may contribute to the genetic pathogenesis of psoriasis in young females.
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Development of Human Adrenocortical Adenoma (HAA1) Cell Line from Zona Reticularis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010584. [PMID: 36614027 PMCID: PMC9820690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The human adrenal cortex is composed of distinct zones that are the main source of steroid hormone production. The mechanism of adrenocortical cell differentiation into several functionally organized populations with distinctive identities remains poorly understood. Human adrenal disease has been difficult to study, in part due to the absence of cultured cell lines that faithfully represent adrenal cell precursors in the early stages of transformation. Here, Human Adrenocortical Adenoma (HAA1) cell line derived from a patient's macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia and was treated with histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) and gene expression was examined. We describe a patient-derived HAA1 cell line derived from the zona reticularis, the innermost zone of the adrenal cortex. The HAA1 cell line is unique in its ability to exit a latent state and respond with steroidogenic gene expression upon treatment with histone deacetylase inhibitors. The gene expression pattern of differentiated HAA1 cells partially recreates the roster of genes in the adrenal layer that they have been derived from. Gene ontology analysis of whole genome RNA-seq corroborated increased expression of steroidogenic genes upon HDAC inhibition. Surprisingly, HDACi treatment induced broad activation of the Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) alpha pathway. This novel cell line we developed will hopefully be instrumental in understanding the molecular and biochemical mechanisms controlling adrenocortical differentiation and steroidogenesis.
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Guo J, Tang C, Shu Z, Guo J, Tang H, Huang P, Ye X, Liang T, Tang K. Single-cell analysis reveals that Jinwu Gutong capsule attenuates the inflammatory activity of synovial cells in osteoarthritis by inhibiting AKR1C3. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1031996. [PMID: 36505054 PMCID: PMC9727177 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1031996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Jinwu Gutong capsule (JGC) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). Synovitis is a typical pathological change in OA and promotes disease progression. Elucidating the therapeutic mechanism of JGC is crucial for the precise treatment of OA synovitis. In this study, we demonstrate that JGC effectively inhibits hyperproliferation, attenuates inflammation, and promotes apoptosis of synovial cells. Through scRNA-seq data analysis of OA synovitis, we dissected two distinct cell fates that influence disease progression (one fate led to recovery while the other fate resulted in deterioration), which illustrates the principles of fate determination. By intersecting JGC targets with synovitis hub genes and then mimicking picomolar affinity interactions between bioactive compounds and binding pockets, we found that the quercetin-AKR1C3 pair exhibited the best affinity, indicating that this pair constitutes the most promising molecular mechanism. In vitro experiments confirmed that the expression of AKR1C3 in synovial cells was reduced after JGC addition. Further overexpression of AKR1C3 significantly attenuated the therapeutic efficacy of JGC. Thus, we revealed that JGC effectively treats OA synovitis by inhibiting AKR1C3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Department of Orthopedics/Sports Medicine Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuyue Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Department of Orthopedics/Sports Medicine Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhao Shu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junfeng Guo
- Department of Stomatology, The 970th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force, Yantai, China
| | - Hong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Department of Orthopedics/Sports Medicine Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Department of Orthopedics/Sports Medicine Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Department of Orthopedics/Sports Medicine Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Taotao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Department of Orthopedics/Sports Medicine Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Kanglai Tang, ; Taotao Liang,
| | - Kanglai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Department of Orthopedics/Sports Medicine Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Kanglai Tang, ; Taotao Liang,
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6
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Pan D, Yang W, Zeng Y, Qin H, Xu Y, Gui Y, Fan X, Tian G, Wu Y, Sun H, Ye Y, Yang S, Zhou J, Guo Q, Zhao L. AKR1C3 regulated by NRF2/MAFG complex promotes proliferation via stabilizing PARP1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene 2022; 41:3846-3858. [PMID: 35773412 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02379-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 (AKR1C3) serves as a contributor to numerous kinds of tumors, and its expression is elevated in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the biological function of AKR1C3 in HCC remains unclear. Here we investigated the role of AKR1C3 in liver carcinogenesis using in vitro and in vivo models. We determined that AKR1C3 is frequently increased in HCC tissues with poor prognosis. Genetically manipulated cells with AKR1C3 construction were examined to highlight the pro-tumoral growth of both wild-type AKR1C3 and mutant in vitro and in vivo. We observed promising treatment effects of AKR1C3 shRNA by intratumoral injection in mice. Mechanically, we demonstrated that the transcription factor heterodimer NRF2/MAFG was able to bind directly to AKR1C3 promoter to activate its transcription. Further, AKR1C3 stabilized PARP1 by decreasing its ubiquitination, which resulted in HCC cell proliferation and low sensitivity of Cisplatin. Moreover, we discovered that the tumorigenic role of AKR1C3 was non-catalytic dependent and the NRF2/MAFG-AKR1C3-PARP1 axis might be one of the important proliferation pathways in HCC. In conclusion, blockage of AKR1C3 expression provides potential therapeutic benefits against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Pan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Wanwan Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yao Zeng
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongkun Qin
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuting Xu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanping Gui
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangshan Fan
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Geng Tian
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yujia Wu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haopeng Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuting Ye
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shihe Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jieying Zhou
- Department of chemistry and biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Qinglong Guo
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, China.
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7
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Vogeley C, Sondermann NC, Woeste S, Momin AA, Gilardino V, Hartung F, Heinen M, Maaß SK, Mescher M, Pollet M, Rolfes KM, Vogel CFA, Rossi A, Lang D, Arold ST, Nakamura M, Haarmann-Stemmann T. Unraveling the differential impact of PAHs and dioxin-like compounds on AKR1C3 reveals the EGFR extracellular domain as a critical determinant of the AHR response. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 158:106989. [PMID: 34991250 PMCID: PMC8852774 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) and structurally-related environmental pollutants may contribute to the pathogenesis of various diseases and disorders, primarily by activating the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and modulating downstream cellular responses. Accordingly, AHR is considered an attractive molecular target for preventive and therapeutic measures. However, toxicological risk assessment of AHR-modulating compounds as well as drug development is complicated by the fact that different ligands elicit remarkably different AHR responses. By elucidating the differential effects of PAHs and DLCs on aldo-keto reductase 1C3 expression and associated prostaglandin D2 metabolism, we here provide evidence that the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) substantially shapes AHR ligand-induced responses in human epithelial cells, i.e. primary and immortalized keratinocytes and breast cancer cells. Exposure to benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) 126 resulted in a rapid c-Src-mediated phosphorylation of EGFR. Moreover, both AHR agonists stimulated protein kinase C activity and enhanced the ectodomain shedding of cell surface-bound EGFR ligands. However, only upon B[a]P treatment, this process resulted in an auto-/paracrine activation of EGFR and a subsequent induction of aldo-keto reductase 1C3 and 11-ketoreduction of prostaglandin D2. Receptor binding and internalization assays, docking analyses and mutational amino acid exchange confirmed that DLCs, but not B[a]P, bind to the EGFR extracellular domain, thereby blocking EGFR activation by growth factors. Finally, nanopore long-read RNA-seq revealed hundreds of genes, whose expression is regulated by B[a]P, but not by PCB126, and sensitive towards pharmacological EGFR inhibition. Our data provide novel mechanistic insights into the ligand response of AHR signaling and identify EGFR as an effector of environmental chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Vogeley
- IUF - Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Natalie C Sondermann
- IUF - Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Selina Woeste
- IUF - Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Afaque A Momin
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Viola Gilardino
- IUF - Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Frederick Hartung
- IUF - Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Markus Heinen
- IUF - Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sophia K Maaß
- IUF - Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Melina Mescher
- IUF - Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marius Pollet
- IUF - Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Katharina M Rolfes
- IUF - Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph F A Vogel
- Department of Environmental Toxicology and Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Andrea Rossi
- IUF - Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dieter Lang
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, Research Center, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Stefan T Arold
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; Centre de Biologie Structurale (CBS), INSERM, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, F-34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Motoki Nakamura
- IUF - Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Environmental and Geriatric Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
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8
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Nagata N, Hamasaki Y, Inagaki S, Nakamura T, Horikami D, Yamamoto-Hanada K, Inuzuka Y, Shimosawa T, Kobayashi K, Narita M, Ohya Y, Murata T. Urinary lipid profile of atopic dermatitis in murine model and human patients. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21949. [PMID: 34591339 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100828r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common inflammatory skin disease in children. The serum level of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) is a useful AD index to reflect disease severity; however, it requires blood collection from young children. In comparison, urine samples are easier to collect in a pediatric clinical setting. Here, we analyzed the lipids excreted in urine to identify a diagnostic biomarker for AD. We generated a murine dermatitis model by repeated topical application of 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) or tape-stripping the dorsal skin. Lipid metabolites excreted in the urine were comprehensively analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. To corroborate our findings, we also analyzed urine samples from patients with AD. DNFB application induced AD-like skin lesions, including epidermal thickening, infiltration of eosinophils and T cells, and an increase in Th2 cytokine levels. Assessment of lipids excreted in urine showed a dominance of prostaglandins (PGs), namely, a PGF2α metabolite (13,14-dihydro-15-keto-tetranor-PGF1α ), a PGE2 metabolite (13,14-dihydro-15-keto-tetranor-PGE2 ), and a PGD2 metabolite (13,14-dihydro-15-keto PGJ2 ). mRNA and protein expression of PGF2α , PGE2 , and PGD2 synthase was upregulated in DNFB-treated skin. The tape-stripping model also caused dermatitis but without Th2 inflammation; urine PGF2α and PGD2 metabolite levels remained unaffected. Finally, we confirmed that the urinary levels of the aforementioned PG metabolites, as well as PGI2 metabolite, 6,15-diketo-13,14-dihydro-PGF1α and arachidonic acid metabolite, 17-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (17-HETE) increased in patients with AD. Our data highlights the unique urinary lipid profile in patients with AD, which may provide insight into novel urinary biomarkers for AD diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanae Nagata
- Department of Animal Radiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Hamasaki
- Department of Animal Radiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Inagaki
- Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Nakamura
- Department of Animal Radiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiki Horikami
- Department of Animal Radiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yusuke Inuzuka
- Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Shimosawa
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koji Kobayashi
- Department of Animal Radiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masami Narita
- Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Ohya
- Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahisa Murata
- Department of Animal Radiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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9
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Liu Y, He S, Chen Y, Liu Y, Feng F, Liu W, Guo Q, Zhao L, Sun H. Overview of AKR1C3: Inhibitor Achievements and Disease Insights. J Med Chem 2020; 63:11305-11329. [PMID: 32463235 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b02138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Human aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 (AKR1C3) is known as a hormone activity regulator and prostaglandin F (PGF) synthase that regulates the occupancy of hormone receptors and cell proliferation. Because of the overexpression in metabolic diseases and various hormone-dependent and -independent carcinomas, as well as the emergence of clinical drug resistance, an increasing number of studies have investigated AKR1C3 inhibitors. Here, we briefly review the physiological and pathological function of AKR1C3 and then summarize the recent development of selective AKR1C3 inhibitors. We propose our viewpoints on the current problems associated with AKR1C3 inhibitors with the aim of providing a reference for future drug discovery and potential therapeutic perspectives on novel, potent, selective AKR1C3 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Feng
- Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceuticals Science College, Institute of Food and Pharmaceuticals Research, Huaian 223005, People's Republic of China.,Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyuan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Haopeng Sun
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
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10
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Alves-Ferreira EVC, Ferreira TR, Walrad P, Kaye PM, Cruz AK. Leishmania braziliensis prostaglandin F 2α synthase impacts host infection. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:9. [PMID: 31915065 PMCID: PMC6950890 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-3883-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prostaglandins (PG) are lipid mediators derived from arachidonic acid metabolism. They are involved in cellular processes such as inflammation and tissue homeostasis. PG production is not restricted to multicellular organisms. Trypanosomatids also synthesize several metabolites of arachidonic acid. Nevertheless, their biological role in these early-branching parasites and their role in host-parasite interaction are not well elucidated. Prostaglandin F2α synthase (PGF2S) has been observed in the Leishmania braziliensis secreted proteome and in L. donovani extracellular vesicles. Furthermore, we previously reported a positive correlation between L. braziliensis PGF2S (LbrPGF2S) expression and pathogenicity in mice. Methods LbrPGF2S gene expression and PGF2α synthesis in promastigotes were detected and quantified by western blotting and EIA assay kit, respectively. To investigate LbrPGF2S localization in amastigotes during bone marrow-derived macrophage infection, parasites expressing mCherry-LbrPGF2S were generated and followed by time-lapse imaging for 48 h post-infection. PGF2S homolog sequences from Leishmania and humans were analyzed in silico using ClustalW on Geneious v6 and EMBOSS Needle. Results Leishmania braziliensis promastigotes synthesize prostaglandin F2α in the presence of arachidonic acid, with peak production in the stationary growth phase under heat stress. LbrPGF2S is a cytoplasmic protein enriched in the secretory site of the parasite cell body, the flagellar pocket. It is an enzyme constitutively expressed throughout promastigote development, but overexpression of LbrPGF2S leads to an increase of infectivity in vitro. The data suggest that LbrPGF2S may be released from intracellular amastigotes into the cytoplasm of bone marrow-derived macrophages over a 48-hour infection period, using time-lapse microscopy and mCherry-PGF2S (mChPGF2S)-expressing parasites. Conclusions LbrPGF2S, a parasite-derived protein, is targeted to the host cell cytoplasm. The putative transfer of this enzyme, involved in pro-inflammatory lipid mediator synthesis, to the host cell suggests a potential role in host-parasite interaction and may partially explain the increased pathogenicity associated with overexpression of LbrPGF2S in L. braziliensis. Our data provide valuable insights to help understand the importance of parasite-derived lipid mediators in pathogenesis.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tiago Rodrigues Ferreira
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Prêto, Brazil
| | - Pegine Walrad
- Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology and Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
| | - Paul M Kaye
- Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology and Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
| | - Angela Kaysel Cruz
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Prêto, Brazil.
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Sagvekar P, Kumar P, Mangoli V, Desai S, Mukherjee S. DNA methylome profiling of granulosa cells reveals altered methylation in genes regulating vital ovarian functions in polycystic ovary syndrome. Clin Epigenetics 2019; 11:61. [PMID: 30975191 PMCID: PMC6458760 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-019-0657-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) manifest a host of ovarian defects like impaired folliculogenesis, anovulation, and poor oocyte quality, which grossly affect their reproductive health. Addressing the putative epigenetic anomalies that tightly regulate these events is of foremost importance in this disorder. We therefore aimed to carry out DNA methylome profiling of cumulus granulosa cells and assess the methylation and transcript expression profiles of a few differentially methylated genes contributing to ovarian defects in PCOS. A total of 20 controls and 20 women with PCOS were selected from a larger cohort of women undergoing IVF, after carefully screening their sera and follicular fluids for hormonal and biochemical parameters. DNA extracted from cumulus granulosa cells of three women each, from control and PCOS groups was subjected to high-throughput, next generation bisulfite sequencing, using the Illumina HiSeq 2500® platform. Remaining samples were used for the validation of methylation status of some identified genes by pyrosequencing, and the transcript expression profiles of these genes were assessed by quantitative real-time PCR. Results In all, 6486 CpG sites representing 3840 genes associated with Wnt signaling, G protein receptor, endothelin/integrin signaling, angiogenesis, chemokine/cytokine-mediated inflammation, etc., showed differential methylation in PCOS. Hypomethylation was noted in 2977 CpGs representing 2063 genes while 2509 CpGs within 1777 genes showed hypermethylation. Methylation differences were also noted in noncoding RNAs regulating several ovarian functions that are dysregulated in PCOS. Few differentially methylated genes such as aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3, calcium-sensing receptor, resistin, mastermind-like domain 1, growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor and tumor necrosis factor, which predominantly contribute to hyperandrogenism, premature luteolysis, and oocyte development defects, were explored as novel epigenetic candidates in mediating ovarian dysfunction. Methylation profiles of these genes matched with our NGS findings, and their transcript expression patterns correlated with the gene hypo- or hypermethylation status. Conclusion Our findings suggest that the epigenetic dysregulation of genes involved in important processes associated with follicular development may contribute to ovarian defects observed in women with PCOS. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13148-019-0657-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Sagvekar
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, J.M. Street, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400012, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Colin Jamura Lab, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS), GKVK, Bellary Road, Bangalore, 560065, India
| | - Vijay Mangoli
- Fertility Clinic and IVF Center, 12-Springfield, 19-Vachha Gandhi Road, Gamdevi, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400007, India
| | - Sadhana Desai
- Fertility Clinic and IVF Center, 12-Springfield, 19-Vachha Gandhi Road, Gamdevi, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400007, India
| | - Srabani Mukherjee
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, J.M. Street, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400012, India.
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12
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Buparlisib is a novel inhibitor of daunorubicin reduction mediated by aldo-keto reductase 1C3. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 302:101-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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13
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Ahn R, Yan D, Chang HW, Lee K, Bhattarai S, Huang ZM, Nakamura M, Singh R, Afifi L, Taravati K, Munoz-Sandoval P, Pauli M, Rosenblum MD, Liao W. RNA-seq and flow-cytometry of conventional, scalp, and palmoplantar psoriasis reveal shared and distinct molecular pathways. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11368. [PMID: 30054515 PMCID: PMC6063960 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29472-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
It has long been recognized that anatomic location is an important feature for defining distinct subtypes of plaque psoriasis. However, little is known about the molecular differences between scalp, palmoplantar, and conventional plaque psoriasis. To investigate the molecular heterogeneity of these psoriasis subtypes, we performed RNA-seq and flow cytometry on skin samples from individuals with scalp, palmoplantar, and conventional plaque psoriasis, along with samples from healthy control patients. We performed differential expression analysis and network analysis using weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA). Our analysis revealed a core set of 763 differentially expressed genes common to all sub-types of psoriasis. In contrast, we identified 605, 632, and 262 genes uniquely differentially expressed in conventional, scalp, and palmoplantar psoriasis, respectively. WGCNA and pathway analysis revealed biological processes for the core genes as well as subtype-specific genes. Flow cytometry analysis revealed a shared increase in the percentage of CD4+ T regulatory cells in all psoriasis subtypes relative to controls, whereas distinct psoriasis subtypes displayed differences in IL-17A, IFN-gamma, and IL-22 production. This work reveals the molecular heterogeneity of plaque psoriasis and identifies subtype-specific signaling pathways that will aid in the development of therapy that is appropriate for each subtype of plaque psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Ahn
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
| | - Di Yan
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Hsin-Wen Chang
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Kristina Lee
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Shrishti Bhattarai
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Zhi-Ming Huang
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Mio Nakamura
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Rasnik Singh
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Ladan Afifi
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Keyon Taravati
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Priscila Munoz-Sandoval
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Mariela Pauli
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Michael D Rosenblum
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Wilson Liao
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Abstract
Drug resistance is a characteristic of tumor initiating cells that can give rise to metastatic disease. In this work we demonstrate the use of microbubble well arrays as a cell culture platform to enumerate and characterize drug resistant cells in a human derived tumorigenic squamous cell carcinoma cell line. The spherical architecture and compliant hydrophobic composition of the microbubble well favors single cell survival, clonal proliferation and formation of spheres that do not grow on standard tissue culture plastic and are resistant to cisplatin. Spheres form in isolation and in microbubble wells containing proliferating cells and to some degree they stain positive for common stem cell markers CD44 and CD133. Spheres are also observed in cellularized primary human tumors cultured in microbubble arrays. This proof-of-concept study illustrates the potential for microbubble array technology to enumerate cancer cells resistant to standard care drugs with the ability to test alternative drug combinations. This capability can be developed for designing patient specific treatment strategies. Recovery of drug-resistant cells will allow a more full characterization of their gene expression profile thereby expanding our fundamental knowledge and ability to develop new targets to fight metastatic disease.
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15
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Yazd NKK, Patel RR, Dellavalle RP, Dunnick CA. Genetic Risk Factors for Development of Atopic Dermatitis: a Systematic Review. CURRENT DERMATOLOGY REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13671-017-0199-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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16
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Hara A, Endo S, Matsunaga T, Soda M, Yashiro K, El-Kabbani O. Long-chain fatty acids inhibit human members of the aldo-keto reductase 1C subfamily. J Biochem 2017; 162:371-379. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvx041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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18
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Mir SA, Pinto SM, Paul S, Raja R, Nanjappa V, Syed N, Advani J, Renuse S, Sahasrabuddhe NA, Prasad TSK, Giri AK, Gowda H, Chatterjee A. SILAC-based quantitative proteomic analysis reveals widespread molecular alterations in human skin keratinocytes upon chronic arsenic exposure. Proteomics 2016; 17. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201600257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sartaj Ahmad Mir
- Institute of Bioinformatics; International Technology Park; Bangalore India
- Manipal University; Manipal Karnataka India
| | - Sneha M. Pinto
- Institute of Bioinformatics; International Technology Park; Bangalore India
- YU-IOB Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine; Yenepoya University; Mangalore India
| | - Somnath Paul
- Molecular Genetics Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology; Kolkata India
| | - Remya Raja
- Institute of Bioinformatics; International Technology Park; Bangalore India
| | - Vishalakshi Nanjappa
- Institute of Bioinformatics; International Technology Park; Bangalore India
- Amrita School of Biotechnology; Amrita University; Kollam India
| | - Nazia Syed
- Institute of Bioinformatics; International Technology Park; Bangalore India
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Pondicherry University; Puducherry India
| | - Jayshree Advani
- Institute of Bioinformatics; International Technology Park; Bangalore India
- Manipal University; Manipal Karnataka India
| | - Santosh Renuse
- Institute of Bioinformatics; International Technology Park; Bangalore India
| | | | - T. S. Keshava Prasad
- Institute of Bioinformatics; International Technology Park; Bangalore India
- YU-IOB Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine; Yenepoya University; Mangalore India
- NIMHANS-IOB Proteomics and Bioinformatics Laboratory; Neurobiology Research Centre; National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences; Bangalore India
| | - Ashok K. Giri
- Molecular Genetics Division; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology; Kolkata India
| | - Harsha Gowda
- Institute of Bioinformatics; International Technology Park; Bangalore India
- YU-IOB Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine; Yenepoya University; Mangalore India
| | - Aditi Chatterjee
- Institute of Bioinformatics; International Technology Park; Bangalore India
- YU-IOB Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine; Yenepoya University; Mangalore India
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Chiarelli N, Carini G, Zoppi N, Dordoni C, Ritelli M, Venturini M, Castori M, Colombi M. Transcriptome-Wide Expression Profiling in Skin Fibroblasts of Patients with Joint Hypermobility Syndrome/Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Hypermobility Type. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161347. [PMID: 27518164 PMCID: PMC4982685 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Joint hypermobility syndrome/Ehlers–Danlos syndrome hypermobility type (JHS/EDS-HT), is likely the most common systemic heritable connective tissue disorder, and is mostly recognized by generalized joint hypermobility, joint instability complications, minor skin changes and a wide range of satellite features. JHS/EDS-HT is considered an autosomal dominant trait but is still without a defined molecular basis. The absence of (a) causative gene(s) for JHS/EDS-HT is likely attributable to marked genetic heterogeneity and/or interaction of multiple loci. In order to help in deciphering such a complex molecular background, we carried out a comprehensive immunofluorescence analysis and gene expression profiling in cultured skin fibroblasts from five women affected with JHS/EDS-HT. Protein study revealed disarray of several matrix structural components such as fibrillins, tenascins, elastin, collagens, fibronectin, and their integrin receptors. Transcriptome analysis indicated perturbation of different signaling cascades that are required for homeostatic regulation either during development or in adult tissues as well as altered expression of several genes involved in maintenance of extracellular matrix architecture and homeostasis (e.g., SPON2, TGM2, MMP16, GPC4, SULF1), cell-cell adhesion (e.g., CDH2, CHD10, PCDH9, CLDN11, FLG, DSP), immune/inflammatory/pain responses (e.g., CFD, AQP9, COLEC12, KCNQ5, PRLR), and essential for redox balance (e.g., ADH1C, AKR1C2, AKR1C3, MAOB, GSTM5). Our findings provide a picture of the gene expression profile and dysregulated pathways in JHS/EDS-HT skin fibroblasts that correlate well with the systemic phenotype of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Chiarelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Biology and Genetics, University of Brescia, Bres6cia, Italy
| | - Giulia Carini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Biology and Genetics, University of Brescia, Bres6cia, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Zoppi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Biology and Genetics, University of Brescia, Bres6cia, Italy
| | - Chiara Dordoni
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Biology and Genetics, University of Brescia, Bres6cia, Italy
| | - Marco Ritelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Biology and Genetics, University of Brescia, Bres6cia, Italy
| | - Marina Venturini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Division of Dermatology, Spedali Civili University Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Castori
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Medical Genetics, Sapienza University, San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Colombi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Biology and Genetics, University of Brescia, Bres6cia, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Kim D, Garza LA. A new target for squamous cell skin cancer? Exp Dermatol 2016; 24:14-5. [PMID: 25356957 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongwon Kim
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Doig CL, Battaglia S, Khanim FL, Bunce CM, Campbell MJ. Knockdown of AKR1C3 exposes a potential epigenetic susceptibility in prostate cancer cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 155:47-55. [PMID: 26429394 PMCID: PMC5391256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) has been heavily implicated in the propagation of prostate malignancy. AKR1C3 protein is elevated within prostate cancer tissue, it contributes to the formation of androgens and downstream stimulation of the androgen receptor (AR). Elevated expression of AKR1C3 is also reported in acute myeloid leukemia but the target nuclear receptors have been identified as members of the peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor (PPARs) subfamily. Thus, AKR1C3 cancer biology is likely to be tissue dependent and hormonally linked to the availability of ligands for both the steroidogenic and non-steroidogenic nuclear receptors. METHODS In the current study we investigated the potential for AKR1C3 to regulate the availability of prostaglandin-derived ligands for PPARg mainly, prostaglandin J2 (PGJ2). Using prostate cancer cell lines with stably reduced AKR1C3 levels we examined the impact of AKR1C3 upon proliferation mediated by PPAR ligands. RESULTS These studies revealed knockdown of AKR1C3 had no effect upon the sensitivity of androgen receptor independent prostate cancer cells towards PPAR ligands. However, the reduction of levels of AKR1C3 was accompanied by a significantly reduced mRNA expression of a range of HDACs, transcriptional co-regulators, and increased sensitivity towards SAHA, a clinically approved histone deacetylase inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest a hitherto unidentified link between AKR1C3 levels and the epigenetic status in prostate cancer cells. This raises an interesting possibility of a novel rational to target AKR1C3, the utilization of AKRIC3 selective inhibitors in combination with HDAC inhibition as part of novel epigenetic therapies in androgen deprivation therapy recurrent prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig L Doig
- Centre for Endocrinology Diabetes & Metabolism, School of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Sebastiano Battaglia
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Farhat L Khanim
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK
| | | | - Moray J Campbell
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
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Ghosh D, Ding L, Sivaprasad U, Geh E, Biagini Myers J, Bernstein JA, Khurana Hershey GK, Mersha TB. Multiple Transcriptome Data Analysis Reveals Biologically Relevant Atopic Dermatitis Signature Genes and Pathways. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144316. [PMID: 26717000 PMCID: PMC4696650 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have identified genes that are differentially expressed in atopic dermatitis (AD) compared to normal skin. However, there is also considerable variation in the list of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) reported by different groups and the exact cause of AD is still not fully understood. Using a rank-based approach, we analyzed gene expression data from five different microarray studies, comprising a total of 127 samples and more than 250,000 transcripts. A total of 89 AD gene expression signatures '89ADGES', including FLG gene, were identified to show dysregulation consistently across these studies. Using a Support Vector Machine, we showed that the '89ADGES' discriminates AD from normal skin with 98% predictive accuracy. Functional annotation of these genes implicated their roles in immune responses (e.g., betadefensin, microseminoprotein), keratinocyte differentiation/epidermal development (e.g., FLG, CORIN, AQP, LOR, KRT16), inflammation (e.g., IL37, IL27RA, CCL18) and lipid metabolism (e.g., AKR1B10, FAD7, FAR2). Subsequently, we validated a subset of signature genes using quantitative PCR in a mouse model. Using a bioinformatic approach, we identified keratinocyte pathway over-represented (P = <0.0006) among the 89 signature genes. Keratinocytes are known to play a major role in barrier function due to their location in the epidermis. Our result suggests that besides immune- mediated pathway, skin barrier pathways such as the keratinocyte differentiation pathway play a key role in AD pathogenesis. A better understanding of the role of keratinocytes in AD will be important for developing novel "barrier therapy" for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debajyoti Ghosh
- Division of Immunology, Allergy & Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, United States of America
| | - Lili Ding
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, United States of America
| | - Umasundari Sivaprasad
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, United States of America
| | - Esmond Geh
- Division of Immunology, Allergy & Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, United States of America
| | - Jocelyn Biagini Myers
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, United States of America
| | - Jonathan A. Bernstein
- Division of Immunology, Allergy & Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, United States of America
| | - Gurjit K Khurana Hershey
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, United States of America
| | - Tesfaye B. Mersha
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Mantel A, Newsome A, Thekkudan T, Frazier R, Katdare M. The role of aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3)-mediated prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) metabolism in keloids. Exp Dermatol 2015; 25:38-43. [PMID: 26308156 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Keloids are progressively expanding scars, mostly prevalent in individuals of African descent. Previous data identified increased mast cell number and activation state in keloids suggesting a role in disease progression. The major eicosanoid secreted by mast cells is prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), a relatively unstable pro-inflammatory mediator which can be spontaneously converted to 15-deoxy-(Delta12,14)-prostaglandin J2(15d-PGJ2) or enzymatically metabolized to 9α,11β-PGF2 by aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3). In this work, we investigated the possible role of PGD2 and its metabolites in keloids using CRL1762 keloid fibroblasts (KF) and immunohistochemical staining. Our data suggested approximately 3-fold increase of tryptase-positive mast cell count in keloids compared with normal skin. Furthermore, AKR1C3 was overexpressed in the fibrotic area of keloids while relatively weak staining detected in normal skin. Metabolism of PGD2 to 9α,11β-PGF2 by both, KF and normal fibroblasts, was dependent on AKR1C3 as this reaction was attenuated in the presence of the AKR1C3 inhibitor, 2'-hydroxyflavanone, or in cells with decreased AKR1C3 expression. 15d-PGJ2, but not the other tested PGs, inhibited KF proliferation, attenuated KF-mediated collagen gel contraction and increased caspase-3 activation. In addition, treatment with 15d-PGJ2 activated P38-MAPK, induced reactive oxygen species and upregulated superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1). Finally, inhibition of P38-MAPK further augmented 15d-PGJ2-induced caspase-3 cleavage and attenuated its effect on SOD-1 transcription. This work suggests that localized dual inhibition of AKR1C3 and P38-MAPK may inhibit keloid progression. Inhibiting AKR1C3 activity may generate oxidative environment due to redirection of PGD2 metabolism towards 15d-PGJ2 while inhibition of P38-MAPK will sensitize keloid cells to ROS-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alon Mantel
- Hampton University Skin of Color Research Institute (HUSCRI), Hampton, VA, USA
| | - Austin Newsome
- Hampton University Skin of Color Research Institute (HUSCRI), Hampton, VA, USA
| | - Theresa Thekkudan
- Hampton University Skin of Color Research Institute (HUSCRI), Hampton, VA, USA
| | - Robert Frazier
- Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School (EVMS), Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Meena Katdare
- Hampton University Skin of Color Research Institute (HUSCRI), Hampton, VA, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Eastern Virginia Medical School (EVMS), Norfolk, VA, USA
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Van Dolah FM, Neely MG, McGeorge LE, Balmer BC, Ylitalo GM, Zolman ES, Speakman T, Sinclair C, Kellar NM, Rosel PE, Mullin KD, Schwacke LH. Seasonal variation in the skin transcriptome of common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from the northern Gulf of Mexico. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130934. [PMID: 26110790 PMCID: PMC4482424 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
As long-lived predators that integrate exposures across multiple trophic levels, cetaceans are recognized as sentinels for the health of marine ecosystems. Their utility as sentinels requires the establishment of baseline health parameters. Because cetaceans are protected, measurements obtained with minimal disruption to free ranging animals are highly desirable. In this study we investigated the utility of skin gene expression profiling to monitor health and contaminant exposure in common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). Remote integument biopsies were collected in the northern Gulf of Mexico prior to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill (May 2010) and during summer and winter for two years following oil contamination (2010-2011). A bottlenose dolphin microarray was used to characterize the skin transcriptomes of 94 individuals from three populations: Barataria Bay, Louisiana, Chandeleur Sound, Louisiana, and Mississippi Sound, Mississippi/Alabama. Skin transcriptomes did not differ significantly between populations. In contrast, season had a profound effect on gene expression, with nearly one-third of all genes on the array differing in expression between winter and the warmer seasons (moderated T-test; p<0.01, fold-change≥1.5). Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in blubber changed concurrently, reaching >two-fold higher concentrations in summer compared to winter, due to a seasonal decrease in blubber thickness and loss of stored lipid. However, global gene expression did not correlate strongly with seasonally changing contaminant concentrations, most likely because the refractory, lipid-stored metabolites are not substrates for phase I or II xenobiotic detoxification pathways. Rather, processes related to cell proliferation, motility, and differentiation dominated the differences in expression in winter and the warmer seasons. More subtle differences were seen between spring and summer (1.5% of genes differentially expressed). However, two presumed oil-exposed animals from spring presented gene expression profiles more similar to the summer animals (presumed exposed) than to other spring animals. Seasonal effects have not previously been considered in studies assessing gene expression in cetaceans, but clearly must be taken into account when applying transcriptomic analyses to investigate their contaminant exposure or health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances M Van Dolah
- National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Marion G Neely
- National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Lauren E McGeorge
- National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Brian C Balmer
- National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Gina M Ylitalo
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Eric S Zolman
- National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Todd Speakman
- National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Carrie Sinclair
- Southeast Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Pascagoula, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Nicholas M Kellar
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Patricia E Rosel
- Southeast Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Lafayette, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Keith D Mullin
- Southeast Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Pascagoula, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Lori H Schwacke
- National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
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Gurvich A, Begemann M, Dahm L, Sargin D, Miskowiak K, Ehrenreich H. A role for prostaglandins in rapid cycling suggested by episode-specific gene expression shifts in peripheral blood mononuclear cells: a preliminary report. Bipolar Disord 2014; 16:881-8. [PMID: 24964373 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Over 12% of patients with bipolar disorder exhibit rapid cycling. The underlying biological mechanisms of this extreme form of bipolar disease are still unknown. This study aimed at replicating and extending findings of our previously published case report, where an involvement of prostaglandin synthesis-related genes in rapid cycling was first proposed. METHODS Psychopathological follow-up of the reported case was performed under cessation of celecoxib treatment. In a prospective observational study, patients with bipolar disorder (n = 47; of these, four had rapid cycling) or with monopolar depression (n = 97) were recruited over a period of three years. Repeated psychopathology measurements were conducted using standard instruments. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were obtained during as many consecutive episodes as possible and processed for mRNA isolation and quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for prostaglandin D2 synthase (PTGDS), aldo-ketoreductase family 1, member C3 (AKR1C3), cyclooxygenase-2 (PAN means all splice variants) (COX2PAN ), prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), and purinergic receptor P2X, ligand-gated ion channel 7 (P2RX7). RESULTS The follow-up of our original case of a patient with rapid cycling who had shown impressive psychopathological improvement under celecoxib revealed complete loss of this effect upon discontinuation of the COX2 inhibitor. Episode-specific gene expression measurements in PBMC of four newly recruited rapid cycling patients confirmed the higher expression of PTGDS in depressive compared to manic phases. Additionally, higher relative expression of PTGS2/COX2PAN was found. No comparable alterations were observable in samples available from the remaining 43 patients with bipolar disorder and the 97 monopolar depressed patients, emphasizing the advantages of the rapid cycling condition with its rapid and frequent shifts for identification of gene expression changes. CONCLUSIONS This study supports a role for prostaglandins in rapid cycling and advocates the cyclooxygenase cascade as a treatment target in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem Gurvich
- Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine
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Dang NN, Pang SG, Song HY, An LG, Ma XL. Filaggrin silencing by shRNA directly impairs the skin barrier function of normal human epidermal keratinocytes and then induces an immune response. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 48:39-45. [PMID: 25493381 PMCID: PMC4288491 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20144047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate whether a single defect in skin
barrier function simulated by filaggrin silencing could induce Th2-predominant
inflammation. Filaggrin gene expression was silenced in cultured normal human
epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) using small hairpin RNA (shRNA, GTTGGCTCAAGCATATTATTT).
The efficacy of silencing was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and
Western blotting. Filaggrin-silenced cells (LV group), shRNA control cells (NC
group), and noninfected cells (Blank group) were evaluated. The expression of
cornified cell envelope-related proteins, including cytokeratin (CK)-5, -10, -14,
loricrin, involucrin, and transglutaminase (TGM)-1, was detected by Western blotting.
Interleukins (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-12p70, IL-13, and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) were
detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). After filaggrin was
successfully silenced by shRNA, the expressions of CK-5, -10, -14, involucrin, and
TGM-1 in NHEKs were significantly downregulated compared to the Blank and NC groups
(P<0.05 or P<0.01); only loricrin expression was markedly upregulated
(P<0.01). Filaggrin silencing also resulted in significant increases of IL-2,
IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and significant decreases of IL-12p70
and IFN-γ (P<0.01) compared with cells in the Blank and NC groups. Filaggrin
silencing impaired normal skin barrier function mainly by targeting the cornified
cell envelope. The immune response after filaggrin silencing was characterized by Th2
cells, mainly because of the inhibition of IFN-γ expression. Lack of filaggrin may
directly impair skin barrier function and then further induce the immune
response.
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Affiliation(s)
- N N Dang
- Department of Dermatology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - S G Pang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - H Y Song
- Department of Dermatology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - L G An
- College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - X L Ma
- Central Laboratory, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
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Mantel A, Carpenter-Mendini A, VanBuskirk J, Pentland AP. Aldo-keto reductase 1C3 is overexpressed in skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and affects SCC growth via prostaglandin metabolism. Exp Dermatol 2014; 23:573-8. [PMID: 24917395 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) is an enzyme involved in metabolizing prostaglandins (PGs) and sex hormones. It metabolizes PGD2 to 9α11β-PGF2 , diverting the spontaneous conversion of PGD2 to the PPARγ agonist, 15-Deoxy-Delta-12, 14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2 ). AKR1C3 is overexpressed in various malignancies, suggesting a tumor promoting function. This work investigates AKR1C3 expression in human non-melanoma skin cancers, revealing overexpression in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Effects of AKR1C3 overexpression were then evaluated using three SCC cell lines. AKR1C3 was detected in all SCC cell lines and its expression was upregulated in response to its substrate, PGD2 . Although attenuating AKR1C3 expression in SCC cells by siRNA did not affect growth, treatment with PGD2 and its dehydration metabolite, 15d-PGJ2 , decreased SCC proliferation in a PPARγ-dependent manner. In addition, treatment with the PPARγ agonist pioglitazone profoundly inhibited SCC proliferation. Finally, we generated an SCC cell line that stably overexpressed AKR1C3 (SCC-AKR1C3). SCC-AKR1C3 metabolized PGD2 to 9α11β-PGF2 12-fold faster than the parent cell line and was protected from the antiproliferative effect mediated by PGD2 . This work suggests that PGD2 and its metabolite 15d-PGJ2 attenuate SCC proliferation in a PPARγ-dependent manner, therefore activation of PPARγ by agonists such as pioglitazone may benefit those at high risk of SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alon Mantel
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
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Martin N, Salazar-Cardozo C, Vercamer C, Ott L, Marot G, Slijepcevic P, Abbadie C, Pluquet O. Identification of a gene signature of a pre-transformation process by senescence evasion in normal human epidermal keratinocytes. Mol Cancer 2014; 13:151. [PMID: 24929818 PMCID: PMC4065601 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological data show that the incidence of carcinomas in humans is highly dependent on age. However, the initial steps of the age-related molecular oncogenic processes by which the switch towards the neoplastic state occurs remain poorly understood, mostly due to the absence of powerful models. In a previous study, we showed that normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) spontaneously and systematically escape from senescence to give rise to pre-neoplastic emerging cells. METHODS Here, this model was used to analyze the gene expression profile associated with the early steps of age-related cell transformation. We compared the gene expression profiles of growing or senescent NHEKs to post-senescent emerging cells. Data analyses were performed by using the linear modeling features of the limma package, resulting in a two-sided t test or F-test based on moderated statistics. The p-values were adjusted for multiple testing by controlling the false discovery rate according to Benjamini Hochberg method.The common gene set resulting of differential gene expression profiles from these two comparisons revealed a post-senescence neoplastic emergence (PSNE) gene signature of 286 genes. RESULTS About half of these genes were already reported as involved in cancer or premalignant skin diseases. However, bioinformatics analyses did not highlight inside this signature canonical cancer pathways but metabolic pathways, including in first line the metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450. In order to validate the relevance of this signature as a signature of pretransformation by senescence evasion, we invalidated two components of the metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, AKR1C2 and AKR1C3. When performed at the beginning of the senescence plateau, this invalidation did not alter the senescent state itself but significantly decreased the frequency of PSNE. Conversely, overexpression of AKR1C2 but not AKR1C3 increased the frequency of PSNE. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this study is the first to identify reprogrammation of metabolic pathways in normal keratinocytes as a potential determinant of the switch from senescence to pre-transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Olivier Pluquet
- CNRS, UMR8161, Institut de Biologie de Lille, 1 rue Calmette, 59000 Lille, France.
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Kim CH, Cheong KA, Lee AY. 850nm light-emitting-diode phototherapy plus low-dose tacrolimus (FK-506) as combination therapy in the treatment of dermatophagoides farinae-induced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. J Dermatol Sci 2013; 72:142-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2013.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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30
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Kim CH, Choi YS, Cheong KA, Lee AY. Mechanism underlying the effect of combined therapy using glucosamine and low-dose cyclosporine A on the development of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2013; 15:424-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Revised: 12/08/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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