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Raut S, Azheruddin M, Kumar R, Singh S, Giram PS, Datta D. Lecithin Organogel: A Promising Carrier for the Treatment of Skin Diseases. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:9865-9885. [PMID: 38463343 PMCID: PMC10918684 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Skin is the largest organ of the human body, as it protects the body from the external environment. Nowadays, skin diseases and skin problems are more common, and millions of people are affected daily. Skin diseases are due to numerous infectious pathogens or inflammatory conditions. The increasing demand for theoretical research and practical applications has led to the rising prominence of gel as a semisolid material. To this end, organogels has been widely explored due to their unique composition, which includes organic solvents and mineral or vegetable oils, among others. Organogels can be described as semisolid systems wherein an organic liquid phase is confined within a three-dimensional framework consisting of self-assembled, cross-linked, or entangled gelator fibers. These gels have the ability to undergo significant expansion and retain substantial amounts of the liquid phase, reaching up to 99% swelling capacity. Furthermore, they respond to a range of physical and chemical stimuli, including temperature, light, pH, and mechanical deformation. Notably, due to their distinctive properties, they have aroused significant interest in a variety of practical applications. Organogels favor the significant encapsulation and enhanced permeation of hydrophobic molecules when compared with hydrogels. Accordingly, organogels are characterized into lecithin organogels, pluronic lecithin organogels, sorbitan monostearate-based organogels, and eudragit organogels, among others, based on the nature of their network and the solvent system. Lecithin organogels contain lecithin (natural and safe as a living cell component) as an organogelator. It acts as a good penetration enhancer. In this review, first we have summarized the fundamental concepts related to the elemental structure of organogels, including their various forms, distinctive features, methods of manufacture, and diverse applications. Nonetheless, this review also sheds light on the delivery of therapeutic molecules entrapped in the lecithin organogel system into deep tissue for the management of skin diseases and provides a synopsis of their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushil Raut
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Dr. DY Patil Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra 411018, India
| | - Mohammed Azheruddin
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Dr. DY Patil Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra 411018, India
| | - Rajeev Kumar
- Lloyd
Institute of Management and Technology, Plot No. 11, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201306, India
| | - Shivani Singh
- Lloyd
Institute of Management and Technology, Plot No. 11, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201306, India
| | - Prabhanjan S. Giram
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Dr. DY Patil Institute
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra 411018, India
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at
Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Deepanjan Datta
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
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Yang Y, Wang C, Wang J, Yang L, Lv Z, An Q, Wang Y, Shao X, Wang F, Huo T, Liu J, Luo H, Quan Q. Rhizoma Paridis saponins attenuate Gram-negative bacteria-induced inflammatory acne by binding to KEAP1 and modulating Nrf2 and MAPK pathways. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18146. [PMID: 38426932 PMCID: PMC10906378 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Acne vulgaris represents a chronic inflammatory condition, the pathogenesis of which is closely associated with the altered skin microbiome. Recent studies have implicated a profound role of Gram-negative bacteria in acne development, but there is a lack of antiacne agents targeting these bacteria. Polyphyllins are major components of Rhizoma Paridis with great anti-inflammatory potential. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the antiacne effects and the underlying mechanisms of PPH and a PPH-enriched Rhizoma Paridis extract (RPE) in treating the Gram-negative bacteria-induced acne. PPH and RPE treatments significantly suppressed the mRNA and protein expressions of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 and HaCaT cells, along with the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Furthermore, PPH and RPE inhibited the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) P65 in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Based on molecular docking, PPH could bind to kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) protein. PPH and RPE treatments could activate nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and upregulate haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Moreover, RPE suppressed the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Therefore, PPH-enriched RPE showed anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects in vitro, which is promising for alternative antiacne therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- R&D DepartmentYunnan Baiyao Group Health Products Co., LtdKunmingYunnanChina
- R&D DepartmentEast Asia Skin Health Research CenterBeijingChina
- R&D DepartmentYunnan Baiyao Group Shanghai Science & Technology Co., LtdShanghaiChina
| | - Chaofan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Juan Wang
- R&D DepartmentEast Asia Skin Health Research CenterBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Lingli Yang
- R&D DepartmentYunnan Baiyao Group Health Products Co., LtdKunmingYunnanChina
- R&D DepartmentEast Asia Skin Health Research CenterBeijingChina
- R&D DepartmentYunnan Baiyao Group Shanghai Science & Technology Co., LtdShanghaiChina
| | - Zheng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Quan An
- R&D DepartmentYunnan Baiyao Group Health Products Co., LtdKunmingYunnanChina
- R&D DepartmentEast Asia Skin Health Research CenterBeijingChina
- R&D DepartmentYunnan Baiyao Group Shanghai Science & Technology Co., LtdShanghaiChina
| | - Yiming Wang
- R&D DepartmentEast Asia Skin Health Research CenterBeijingChina
| | - Xue Shao
- R&D DepartmentYunnan Baiyao Group Health Products Co., LtdKunmingYunnanChina
- R&D DepartmentEast Asia Skin Health Research CenterBeijingChina
- R&D DepartmentYunnan Baiyao Group Shanghai Science & Technology Co., LtdShanghaiChina
| | - Fei Wang
- R&D DepartmentYunnan Baiyao Group Health Products Co., LtdKunmingYunnanChina
- R&D DepartmentEast Asia Skin Health Research CenterBeijingChina
- R&D DepartmentYunnan Baiyao Group Shanghai Science & Technology Co., LtdShanghaiChina
| | - Tong Huo
- R&D DepartmentYunnan Baiyao Group Health Products Co., LtdKunmingYunnanChina
- R&D DepartmentEast Asia Skin Health Research CenterBeijingChina
- R&D DepartmentYunnan Baiyao Group Shanghai Science & Technology Co., LtdShanghaiChina
| | - Jiali Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Haoshu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Qianghua Quan
- R&D DepartmentYunnan Baiyao Group Health Products Co., LtdKunmingYunnanChina
- R&D DepartmentEast Asia Skin Health Research CenterBeijingChina
- R&D DepartmentYunnan Baiyao Group Shanghai Science & Technology Co., LtdShanghaiChina
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How KN, Ho WC, Sundaran M, Wan Ahmal Kammal WSL, Lim PY, Chew W. Efficacy and Tolerability of a Sunscreen Containing Licochalcone a and L-Carnitine as an Adjunct to Retinoids in the Management of Acne and Post-Acne Pigmentation Among Malaysian Patients. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2023; 16:3719-3729. [PMID: 38152154 PMCID: PMC10752021 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s422898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Purpose We aim to evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of a sunscreen formulation containing licochalcone A (LicA) and L-carnitine (LC) as an adjuvant to adapalene in the management of acne and post-acne pigmentation (PAH). Patients and Methods A randomized, double-blind, active comparator-controlled trial of 51 patients aged 18 years or older with a clinical diagnosis of mild-to-moderate acne vulgaris was conducted at the Hospital Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah, Universiti Putra Malaysia. The efficacy and tolerability of once-daily adapalene 1.0% were assessed during the 2-week run-in period. Subsequently, patients were randomized to receive either an add-on investigational LicA-containing sunscreen or niacinamide-containing comparator sunscreen every 4 hourly during daytime for 4 weeks. Patients were followed up at Weeks 2 and 4 to assess for improvement in acne severity, PAH, calorimetric parameters and cutaneous tolerability. Results Two weeks of adapalene usage significantly improved acne severity; however, up to 52% of patients experienced dryness, burning and stinging. Adding LicA-containing or comparator sunscreens was associated with further improvement in acne severity, PAH and calorimetric parameters at the study endpoint. No significant differences in the cutaneous tolerability profiles were observed between treatment groups. Notably, significantly fewer patients receiving LicA-containing sunscreen developed scaliness at Week 4 compared with those in the comparator group. In addition, more patients receiving LicA-containing sunscreen reported less dryness, burning and stinging reactions than the comparator group. Importantly, more patients receiving LicA-containing sunscreen agreed that their treatment led to excellent improvement than the comparator group; of note, one patient reported that their condition worsened with the receipt of the comparator product. Conclusion The concurrent use of LicA-containing sunscreen with adapalene may improve the cutaneous tolerance to adapalene among Malaysian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Nien How
- Dermatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Hospital Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wen Chung Ho
- Dermatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Hospital Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Meroshini Sundaran
- Dermatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Hospital Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wan Syazween Lyana Wan Ahmal Kammal
- Dermatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Hospital Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Poh Ying Lim
- Department of Community Health, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wilson Chew
- Beiersdorf (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
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Mohammed HM, Qurtas DS, Meran AD. Serum Interleukin-19 Levels in Acne Vulgaris Patients of Varying Clinical Severity in Erbil City. Cureus 2023; 15:e48939. [PMID: 38106772 PMCID: PMC10725567 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acne vulgaris (AV) is a common multifactorial disorder affecting the pilosebaceous units. Research has shown that inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of AV, including both inflammatory and non-inflammatory acne. Several studies have linked proinflammatory cytokines to AV; however, only a few have explored the correlation between interleukin-19 (IL-19) and AV. Our aim is to estimate the level of IL-19 in patients with AV compared to matched controls and to investigate the role of IL-19 in the pathogenesis of acne. Materials and methods This prospective cross-sectional case and control study includes 80 patients and 40 matched controls. Patients were divided into mild (20), moderate (40), and severe (20) groups based on their global acne score severity index. Detailed history and complete general and dermatological examinations were taken from each patient. Furthermore, 5 ml of blood was taken from all participants to assess the level of IL-19. Results IL-19 levels were significantly higher in patients with AV compared to matched controls. Furthermore, IL-19 concentrations were found to be proportional to the severity of acne, with the highest levels detected in patients with severe AV (p-value <0.005). Conclusion IL-19 levels in AV were significantly higher than in matched control. The difference was proportional to its severity. This might indicate IL-19 as an inflammatory marker and could potentially be related to AV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alan D Meran
- College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, IRQ
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Tang T, Xu Y, Wang L, Zhang P. In vitro acne disease model from inertial focusing effect for studying the interactions between sebocyte glands and macrophages. Biotechnol J 2023; 18:e2300108. [PMID: 37477791 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Acne is one of the most widespread skin diseases. The acne mechanism is intricate, involving interactions between different types of cells (i.e., sebocytes and macrophages). One of the challenges in studying the mechanism of acne is that current in vitro culture methods cannot reflect the 3D cellular environment in the tissue, including inflammatory stimuli and cellular interactions especially the interactions between sebocytes and immune cells. To solve this issue, we generated an in vitro acne disease model consisting of 3D artificial sebocyte glands and macrophages through the inertial focusing effect method. Using this model, we produced a controllable inflammatory environment similar to the acne pathogenetic process in the skin. The 3D artificial sebocyte glands and macrophages can be separated for analyzing each cell type, assisting the in-depth understanding of the acne mechanism. This study indicates that proinflammatory macrophages promote lipid accumulation and induce oxidative stress in sebocyte glands. Additionally, in an inflammatory environment, sebocyte glands induce macrophage polarization into the M1 phenotype. Employing this model for drug screening, we also demonstrated that, cannabidiol (CBD), a clinically investigated drug, is effective in restoring lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines and macrophage polarization in the acne disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Tang
- Department of Material Processing and Controlling, School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Xu
- Department of Material Processing and Controlling, School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- Center of Soft Matter Physics and Its Applications, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Lelin Wang
- Department of Material Processing and Controlling, School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- Department of Material Processing and Controlling, School of Mechanical Engineering & Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, China
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HUSSEIN RS, DAYEL SB, ABAHUSSEIN O. Prospective study of the effects of isotretinoin and vitamin D levels on severe acne vulgaris. Turk J Med Sci 2023; 53:1732-1737. [PMID: 38813517 PMCID: PMC10760531 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/aim Acne vulgaris (AV) is a common inflammatory skin condition associated with psychological and social distress. Its pathogenesis involves factors such as sebaceous hypersecretion and Cutibacterium acnes colonization. Vitamin D plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory skin disorders, including AV, due to its immunomodulatory effects and involvement in keratinocyte growth and maturity. However, adequate sun exposure is required for optimal vitamin D synthesis. Isotretinoin (IOS), a vitamin A derivative, is a commonly used medication for severe acne, acting by binding to retinoid receptors. It can also form heterodimers with vitamin D receptors, potentially increasing vitamin D catabolism. Previous studies examining the impact of oral IOS on serum vitamin D levels have yielded inconsistent results. Therefore, this study aimed to assess changes in 25-hydroxy (OH) vitamin D serum levels in individuals with severe AV before and after IOS treatment. Materials and methods One hundred patients with severe AV were enrolled, each receiving 0.75 mg/kg IOS treatment daily for 4 months. Serum 25 OH vitamin D levels were measured before, during, and after treatment. Results This study found a significant increase in serum 25 OH vitamin D levels among patients with severe AV following IOS treatment (p < 0.001). Conclusion This study suggests that AV may negatively impact vitamin D synthesis, but IOS treatment appears to raise vitamin D serum levels in individuals with severe AV. Further research is needed to confirm the potential relationship between AV and vitamin D levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramadan Sayed HUSSEIN
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj,
Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman Bin DAYEL
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj,
Saudi Arabia
| | - Othman ABAHUSSEIN
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj,
Saudi Arabia
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Wu Y, Chen Y, Chen B, Wu W, Yang J. DNA methylation mediated genetic risk in severe acne in a young men population. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1196149. [PMID: 37554505 PMCID: PMC10405078 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1196149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acne is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects the pilosebaceous follicle and is influenced by heredity, hormones, inflammation, and the environment. At present, the recognized pathogenesis mainly includes four categories: excessive sebum secretion, excessive Cutibacterium acnes proliferation, excessive keratinization of sebaceous glands in hair follicles, and inflammatory mechanisms. Previous studies have found that DNA methylation is closely related to some chronic inflammatory skin diseases, and there is evidence that DNA methylation is controlled by genetic factors, making us want to know the relationship between DNA methylation, genetic variation and acne. MATERIALS AND METHODS In our previous study, we performed genome-wide DNA methylation analysis in peripheral blood samples from 44 patients with severe acne and 44 unaffected normal subjects, and identified 23 differentially methylated probes (DMPs). In this study, we identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with severe acne by genome-wide association analysis in these 88 samples. To test the association between SNPs and DMPs, we conducted DNA methylation quantitative trait loci (methQTL) analysis. Next, causal inference testing (CIT) was used to determine whether genetic variation influences DNA methylation, which impacts disease phenotypes. RESULT We found 38,269 SNPs associated with severe acne. By methQTL analysis, we obtained 24 SNP-CpG pairs that reached the threshold (FDR < 0.05), which included 7 unique CpGs and 22 unique methQTL SNPs. After CIT analysis, we found that 11 out of 24 pairs of SNP-CpG showed a weakened SNP effect after adjustment for methylation, indicating a methylation-mediated relationship between SNPs and severe acne. These 11 SNP-CpG pairs consist of four unique CpG sites and 11 SNPs, of which three CpG sites, cg03020863, cg20652636, and cg19964325, are located on the gene body of PDGFD, the intron of SH2D6, and the 5'UTR of the IL1R1 gene, respectively. CONCLUSION During this study, the DNA methylation of certain genes was found to be influenced by genetic factors and mediated the risk of severe acne in a young Chinese male population, providing a new perspective on the pathogenesis of severe acne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Yun Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Bo Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Wenjuan Wu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jiankang Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dali University, Dali, China
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Mias C, Mengeaud V, Bessou-Touya S, Duplan H. Recent advances in understanding inflammatory acne: Deciphering the relationship between Cutibacterium acnes and Th17 inflammatory pathway. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023; 37 Suppl 2:3-11. [PMID: 36729400 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Acne vulgaris is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease of the pilosebaceous units. Four factors contribute to acne: hyperseborrhea and dysseborrhea, follicular hyperkeratinisation, skin microbiome dysbiosis and local immuno-inflammation. Recent key studies have highlighted a better understanding of the important role of Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) in the development of acne. Three major findings in the last decade include: (1) the ability of C. acnes to self-organize in a biofilm associated with a more virulent activity, (2) the loss of the C. acnes phylotype diversity and (3) the central role of the Th17 pathway in acne inflammation. Indeed, there is a close link between C. acnes and the activation of the Th17 immuno-inflammatory pathway at the initiation of acne development. These mechanisms are directly linked to the loss of C. acnes phylotype diversity during acne, with a predominance of the pro-pathogenic phylotype IA1. This specifically contributes to the induction of the Th17-mediated immuno-inflammatory response involving skin cells, such as keratinocytes, monocytes and sebocytes. These advancements have led to new insights into the underlying mechanisms which can be harnessed to develop novel treatments and diagnostic biomarkers. A major disadvantage of traditional treatment with topical antibiotics is that they induce cutaneous dysbiosis and antimicrobial resistance. Thus, future treatments would no longer aim to 'kill' C. acnes, but to maintain the skin microbiota balance allowing for tissue homeostasis, specifically, the restoration of C. acnes phylotype diversity. Here, we provide an overview of some of the key processes involved in the pathogenesis of acne, with a focus on the prominent role of C. acnes and the Th17-inflammatory pathways involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Mias
- Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique and Personal Care, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | - Hélène Duplan
- Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique and Personal Care, Toulouse, France
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Özel Şahin G, Toka Özer T, Durmaz S. Investigation of fungus at stratum corneum of patients with acne vulgaris. Microb Pathog 2023; 175:105982. [PMID: 36621695 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.105982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiology of acne is complex and multifactorial. In recent years, fungal infections have increased significantly. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of fungi in the etiopathogenesis of acne vulgaris. METHODS This was a prospective case-control study. A total of 200 individuals (100 with acne vulgaris and 100 without acne vulgaris) were enrolled in the study. Direct microscopic investigation and culturing of the samples were done according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute criteria. Descriptive analyses, independent sample t-tests, and chi-squared tests were used for statistical analysis. The subjects in the control group were paired by age and gender with the patients. RESULTS Direct microscopic examination revealed hyphae in the samples of all subjects with acne and in the samples of four of the healthy controls. The cultures of 18 of the patients with acne vulgaris were positive for the following: 6 with Aspergillus spp., 7 with Penicillium spp., 3 with Cladosporium spp., 1 with Candida spp., and 1 with Acremonium spp. In addition, Candida spp. was observed in the cultures of two of the healthy controls. CONCLUSION We conclude that fungi may be involved in the etiopathogenesis of acne vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülay Özel Şahin
- Başkent University Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Konya, Turkey
| | - Türkan Toka Özer
- Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Department of Medical Microbiology, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Süleyman Durmaz
- Medistanbul Hospital, Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey
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Alatorskykh AY, Fedorych PV, Koval SB, Kuts TV. TREATMENT OF COMBINED ACNE AND GENITOURINARY INFECTIONS CAUSED BY CHLAMYDIA AND MYCOPLASMAS. WIADOMOSCI LEKARSKIE (WARSAW, POLAND : 1960) 2023; 76:1725-1729. [PMID: 37740962 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202308103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim: To substantiate, develop and apply in clinical practice a method for the treatment of combined acne and genitourinary infections caused by chlamydia and mycoplasmas. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methods: Acne was diagnosed clinically. Chlamydia trachomatis; Mycoplasma genitalium; Mycoplasma hominis; Ureaplasma urealyticum were identified using polymerase chain reaction. 30 patients with combined acne and urogenital chlamydia and/or mycoplasmas received sequential oral antibiotic therapy with josamycin (1500 mg daily) and gatifloxacin (400 mg daily) for 10 days each. Simultaneously with antibiotic therapy, concomitant symptomatic and topical treatment was provided. RESULTS Results: The elimination of pathogens of urogenital chlamydia and/or mycoplasmas was achieved with 29 out of 30 patients (93.3%). At the same time a complete regression of facial rash inflammatory elements was detected at 18 (60%) treated patients, while with the remaining 12 (40%) the regression was significant. CONCLUSION Conclusions: Antibiotic therapy was used in the treatment for both acne and urogenital chlamydia and/or mycoplasmas. An original method of complex treatment of combined acne and urogenital chlamydia and/or mycoplasmas was substantiated, developed and successfully applied. The offered method of treatment can be considered as a proof of high effectiveness both for elimination of pathogens from the genitourinary system of patients, and for complete or significant elimination of inflammatory facial rash.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Taras V Kuts
- UKRAINIAN MILITARY MEDICAL ACADEMY, KYIV, UKRAINE
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Antiacne and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Phenolic Compounds from Quercus acutissima Carruth. Leaves. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9078475. [PMID: 36624865 PMCID: PMC9825228 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9078475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Quercus plants are widely distributed in Korea and have been used for their antiallergic and anti-inflammatory properties to treat dermatitis. The phenolic compounds of Quercus acutissima Carruth (QA) are estimated to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, based on the results of previous studies with Quercus mongilica, Quercus stenophylla, Quercus gilva Blame., and Quercus acuta Thunb. We yield QA extract and the isolated phenolic compounds (hyperoside (1), astragalin (2), kaempferol 3-O-(6″- galloyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (KGG) (3), quercetin 3-O-(6″-O-galloyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (QGG) (4), pedunculagin (5), and casuarinin (6)) and were identified using NMR. Among them, KGG (3) and QGG (4) were isolated for the first time from QA. QA extract and the isolated phenolic compounds demonstrated antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antiacne activities in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cells in vitro. 3-6 demonstrated strong inhibitory activities in the DPPH scavenging and NO production assay and anti-inflammatory and antiacne activities through western blotting (NLRP3, IL-1β, and 5α-reductase). The most outstanding activity in all experiments was casuarinin (6). The study findings suggest potential therapeutic candidates for acne.
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12
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Bellei B, Migliano E, Picardo M. Therapeutic potential of adipose tissue-derivatives in modern dermatology. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:1837-1852. [PMID: 35102608 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell-mediated therapies in combination with biomaterial and growth factor-based approaches in regenerative medicine are rapidly evolving with increasing application beyond the dermatologic field. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are the more frequently used adult stem cells due to their abundance and easy access. In the case of volumetric defects, adipose tissue can take the shape of defects, restoring the volume and enhancing the regeneration of receiving tissue. When regenerative purposes prevail on volume restoration, the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) rich in staminal cells, purified mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or their cell-free derivatives grafting are favoured. The therapeutic efficacy of acellular approaches is explained by the fact that a significant part of the natural propensity of stem cells to repair damaged tissue is ascribable to their secretory activity that combines mitogenic factors, cytokines, chemokines and extracellular matrix components. Therefore, the secretome's ability to modulate multiple targets simultaneously demonstrated preclinical and clinical efficacy in reversing pathological mechanisms of complex conditions such atopic dermatitis (AD), vitiligo, psoriasis, acne and Lichen sclerosus (LS), non-resolving wounds and alopecia. This review analysing both in vivo and in vitro models gives an overview of the clinical relevance of adipose tissue-derivatives such as autologous fat graft, stromal vascular fraction, purified stem cells and secretome for skin disorders application. Finally, we highlighted the major disease-specific limitations and the future perspective in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Bellei
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Emilia Migliano
- Department of Plastic and Regenerative Surgery, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Picardo
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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13
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Extracellular electrons transferred from honey probiotic Bacillus circulans inhibits inflammatory acne vulgaris. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19217. [PMID: 36357775 PMCID: PMC9649788 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23848-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus circulans (B. circulans) is widely used as an electrogenic bacterium in microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology. This study evaluated whether B. circulans can ferment glucose to generate electricity and mitigate the effects of human skin pathogens. The electricity production of B. circulans was examined by measuring the voltage difference and verified using a ferrozine assay in vitro. To investigate the fermentation effects of B. circulans on inhibition of human skin pathogens, Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) was injected intradermally into mice ears to induce an inflammatory response. The results revealed that the glucose-B. circulans co-culture enhanced electricity production and significantly supressed C. acnes growth. The addition of roseoflavin to inhibit flavin production considerably reduced the electrical energy generated by B. circulans through metabolism and, in vivo test, recovered C. acnes count and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2) levels. This suggests that B. circulans can generate electrons that affect the growth of C. acnes through flavin-mediated electron transfer and alleviate the resultant inflammatory response. Our findings demonstrate that probiotics separated from natural substances and antimicrobial methods of generating electrical energy through carbon source fermentation can help in the treatment of bacterial infections.
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14
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Rusztowicz M, Chilicka K, Szyguła R, Odrzywołek W, Yanakieva A, Asanova B, Wilczyński S. A Split Face Comparative Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of 40% Pyruvic Acid vs. Microdermabrasion with 40% Pyruvic Acid on Biomechanical Skin Parameters in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11206079. [PMID: 36294402 PMCID: PMC9604549 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11206079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The synergy of cosmetic acids, with their keratolytic and antibacterial properties, with the mechanical exfoliation of the epidermis brings faster and better treatment results. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of using only pyruvic acid and the synergy of microdermabrasion and chemical exfoliation. In total, 14 women diagnosed with acne took part in the study. Two areas were marked on the participants' faces: the right side (microdermabrasion treatment and a preparation containing pyruvic acid 40%) and the left side (preparation containing pyruvic acid 40%) without mechanical exfoliation. A series of four treatments was performed at 2-week intervals. Skin parameters such as stratum corneum hydration and sebum secretion were measured. Before the treatments, all patients had moderate acne according to GAGS (Min: 19, Max: 22, Md: 20), and after the treatments, it decreased to mild acne according to GAGS (Min: 13, Max: 17, Md: 140). On the right side of the face, there was a statistically significant reduction in sebum secretion in all the examined areas of the face and increase in the hydration of the stratum corneum. On the left side of the face, the differences were also observed in the decrease of sebum value and increase of hydration level; however, they were smaller than on the right side. The use of microdermabrasion in combination with pyruvic acid led to better results in the case of increased hydration and reduction of sebum secretion than using only pyruvic acid treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Rusztowicz
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, 45-040 Opole, Poland
| | - Karolina Chilicka
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, 45-040 Opole, Poland
| | - Renata Szyguła
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, 45-040 Opole, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Odrzywołek
- Department of Basic Biomedical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Antoniya Yanakieva
- Department of HTA, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Sofia, 1427 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Binnaz Asanova
- Medical College Yordanka Filaretova, Medical University of Sofia, 1606 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Sławomir Wilczyński
- Department of Basic Biomedical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-507-169-625
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15
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Frommherz L, Reinholz M, Gürtler A, Stadler PC, Kaemmerer T, French L, Clanner-Engelshofen BM. High-frequency devices effect in vitro: promissing approach in the treatment of acne vulgaris? An Bras Dermatol 2022; 97:729-734. [PMID: 36109271 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2021.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acne vulgaris is an inflammatory skin disorder leading to an impairment of quality of life and is therefore not only a cosmetic issue. Its pathogenesis is multifactorial - of particular importance is the colonization with the bacterium Propionibacterium acnes. A wide range of different treatment options exists including topical and systemic treatments depending on severity. High Frequency (HF) therapy, historically developed in the 19th century, claims antimicrobial effects on acne skin, but solid data on its efficacy and mechanism of action is lacking. OBJECTIVES The main objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of HF therapy on skin flora and P. acnes in vitro using a commercial device as well as to review studies on the mechanism of action. METHODS The plasma source was investigated regarding electrical settings, heat, and ozone development. Bacterial skin flora, fungal isolates, and P. acnes were exposed to HF in vitro and compared to unexposed controls by evaluating the number of colonies on agar plates. To further analyze bacterial species from normal skin flora, 16S-sequencing was performed. Statistical analyses were carried out using row analysis and unpaired t-test. RESULTS HF treatment led to a significant reduction of almost every bacterial and fungal species investigated in this study. Moreover, the number of colonies forming units was significantly decreased in P. acnes after HF treatment compared to controls in vitro. STUDY LIMITATIONS The experiments were performed in vitro only. To assess clinical effects further in vivo experiments are necessary. CONCLUSIONS The results collected in this study, although in vitro, provide a mechanistic basis for HF as a complementary treatment option for patients with acne. It might also have a beneficial effect on patients with superficial infectious skin of the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Frommherz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Reinholz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany.
| | - Anne Gürtler
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Pia-Charlotte Stadler
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Till Kaemmerer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Lars French
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany; Dr Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
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16
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Chilicka K, Rusztowicz M, Szyguła R, Nowicka D. Methods for the Improvement of Acne Scars Used in Dermatology and Cosmetology: A Review. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11102744. [PMID: 35628870 PMCID: PMC9147527 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11102744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acne vulgaris is a chronic skin disease that, depending on its course, is characterized by the occurrence of various skin eruptions such as open and closed comedones, pustules, papules, and cysts. Incorrectly selected treatment or the presence of severe acne vulgaris can lead to the formation of atrophic scars. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on acne scars and methods for their improvement. There are three types of atrophic scars: icepick, rolling, and boxcar. They are of different depths and widths and have different cross-sections. Scars can combine to form clusters. If acne scars are located on the face, they can reduce the patient’s quality of life, leading to isolation and depression. There are multiple effective modalities to treat acne scars. Ablative lasers, radiofrequency, micro-needling, and pilings with trichloroacetic acid have very good treatment results. Contemporary dermatology and cosmetology use treatments that cause minimal side effects, so the patient can return to daily functioning shortly after treatment. Proper dermatological treatment and skincare, as well as the rapid implementation of cosmetological treatments, will certainly achieve satisfactory results in reducing atrophic scars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Chilicka
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, 45-040 Opole, Poland; (M.R.); (R.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-665-43-94-43
| | - Monika Rusztowicz
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, 45-040 Opole, Poland; (M.R.); (R.S.)
| | - Renata Szyguła
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, 45-040 Opole, Poland; (M.R.); (R.S.)
| | - Danuta Nowicka
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland;
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17
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Carmina E, Dreno B, Lucky WA, Agak WG, Dokras A, Kim JJ, Lobo RA, Ramezani Tehrani F, Dumesic D. Female Adult Acne and Androgen Excess: A Report From the Multidisciplinary Androgen Excess and PCOS Committee. J Endocr Soc 2022; 6:bvac003. [PMID: 35155970 PMCID: PMC8826298 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvac003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In endocrine and reproductive endocrine literature, adult female acne is considered as a possible clinical expression of hyperandrogenism, with most polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) guidelines considering acne as a condition of androgen excess. Adult female acne, however, in the dermatological literature is considered as an inflammatory skin disease and new guidelines on adult female acne have been produced by dermatological societies, with little perspective from any endocrine or reproductive endocrine points of view. An expert task force was appointed by the AE-PCOS society to determine the current state of knowledge and provide evidence-based recommendations that could be valid for all specialists taking care of female adult acne. The following are the recommendations (level of evidence A or B): (1) diagnosis of female adult acne is mainly clinical, but a grading tool is needed for optimizing the treatment; (2) measurement of serum androgen values (total testosterone, free testosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate) by high-quality assays is recommended in all women with adult acne; (3) in women with adult acne and proven hyperandrogenism, oral combined estroprogestins should be added to the topical or systemic treatment of acne, independently of severity of acne; (4) all second- and third-generation estroprogestins may be used, independently of the estrogen dose and progestin component; (5) spironolactone may be added to estroprogestins in women with moderate or severe hyperandrogenic adult acne, not responding to usual treatments; (6) estroprogestins may be used in nonhyperandrogenic patients with adult acne as second-line therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Carmina
- Endocrinology Unit, University of Palermo Medical School, Palermo, 90139, Italy,Correspondence: Enrico Carmina, MD, Endocrinology Unit, University of Palermo Medical School, via delle Croci 47, Palermo, 90139, Italy.
| | - Brigitte Dreno
- Department of Dermatology, University of Nantes Medical School, Nantes, 44093, France
| | - W Anne Lucky
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - W George Agak
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, University of California (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90035, USA
| | - Anuja Dokras
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jin Ju Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital and The Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Rogerio A Lobo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani
- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR 1985717413, Iran
| | - Daniel Dumesic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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18
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Dubus M, Varin J, Papa S, Chevrier J, Quilès F, Francius G, Audonnet S, Mauprivez C, Gangloff S, Siboni R, Ohl X, Reffuveille F, Kerdjoudj H. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells offer an immune-privileged niche to Cutibacterium acnes in case of implant-associated osteomyelitis. Acta Biomater 2022; 137:305-315. [PMID: 34678484 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Considered as some of the most devastating complications, Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes)-related osteomyelitis are among the hardest infections to diagnose and treat. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) secrete number of immunomodulatory and antimicrobial soluble factors, making them an attractive treatment for bacterial infection. In this study, we examined MSCs/C. acnes interaction and analyzed the subsequent MSCs and bacteria's behaviors. Human bone marrow-derived MSCs were infected by C. acnes clinical strain harvested from non-infected bone site. Following 3 h of interaction, around 4% of bacteria were found in the intracellular compartment. Infected MSCs increased the secretion of prostaglandin E2 and indolamine 2,3 dioxygenase immunomodulatory mediators. Viable intracellular bacteria analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy revealed deep modifications in the wall features. In comparison with unchallenged bacteria, the viable intracellular bacteria showed (i) an increase in biofilm formation on orthopaedical-based materials, (ii) an increase in the invasiveness of osteoblasts and (iii) persistence in macrophage, suggesting the acquisition of virulence factors. Overall, these results showed a direct impact of C. acnes on bone marrow-derived MSCs, suggesting that blocking the C. acnes/MSCs interactions may represent an important new approach to manage chronic osteomyelitis infections. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The interaction of bone commensal C. acnes with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells induces modifications in C. acnes wall characteristics. These bacteria increased (i) the biofilm formation on orthopaedical-based materials, (ii) the invasiveness of bone forming cells and (iii) the resistance to macrophage clearance through the modification of the wall nano-features and/or the increase in catalase production.
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19
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Wang Z, Xu G, Li Z, Xiao X, Tang J, Bai Z. NLRP3 Inflammasome Pharmacological Inhibitors in Glycyrrhiza for NLRP3-Driven Diseases Treatment: Extinguishing the Fire of Inflammation. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:409-422. [PMID: 35082510 PMCID: PMC8784972 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s344071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is the tissues’ defense response after the body is stimulated by microbial infection or damage signals, and it is initiated when pattern recognition receptors recognize pathogen-related molecular patterns and danger-related molecular patterns. The hyperactivation of NLRP3 inflammasome, the main driving force of immune outbreaks, is involved in a wide range of inflammatory diseases. Meanwhile, growing evidence has indicated that the development of NLRP3-targeted therapies offers great potential and promise for the treatment of related diseases. The search for and development of efficacious anti-inflammatory prodrugs from natural sources of plants and traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have received extensive attention. Glycyrrhiza, an important minister in the kingdom of TCMs, has high activity and a wide range of therapeutic effects. Studies have shown that a variety of active components found in Glycyrrhiza, such as licochalcone A, echinatin, isoliquiritigenin, and glycyrrhizin, produce a wide range of anti-inflammatory effects by discouraging NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Here, we summarize the role and mechanism of the active ingredients in Glycyrrhiza that target the NLRP3 inflammasome and treat related inflammatory diseases. We describe a favorable approach for the development of natural, safe, and efficient drugs that exploit these naturally occurring active ingredients to treat NLRP3-driven diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilei Wang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guang Xu
- Senior Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic Of China
- China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, The Fifth Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohe Xiao
- Senior Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic Of China
- China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, The Fifth Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Jianyuan Tang; Zhaofang Bai Email ;
| | - Zhaofang Bai
- Senior Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic Of China
- China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, The Fifth Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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20
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Polyphyllin I Inhibits Propionibacterium acnes-Induced IL-8 Secretion in HaCaT Cells by Downregulating the CD36/NOX1/ROS/NLRP3/IL-1 β Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:1821220. [PMID: 34603464 PMCID: PMC8481039 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1821220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Acne vulgaris (AV) is a chronic skin disease involving inflammation of the pilosebaceous units. Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) hypercolonization is one pathogenic factor for AV. P. acnes that triggers interleukin-1β (IL-1β) by activating the pyrin domain-containing 3 protein (NLRP3) inflammasome of the NOD-like receptor family in human monocytes. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) acts as a trigger for the production of IL-8 and activates theNLRP3 inflammasome. IL-8 promotes the metastasis and multiplication of different cancerous cells, whereas keratinocyte proliferation and migration contribute to the progression of AV. A steroidal saponin called polyphyllin I (PPI) that is extracted from Paris polyphylla's rhizomes has anti-inflammatory properties. This study investigates the regulatory role of P. acnes in the secretion of IL-8 mediated by the CD36/NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1)/ROS/NLRP3/IL-1β pathway and the effects of PPI on the CD36/NOX1/ROS/NLRP3/IL-1β/IL-8 pathway and human keratinocyte proliferation and migration. HaCaT cells were cultured and stimulated with 108 CFU/ml of P. acnes for 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 hours. P. acnes induced IL-8 secretion from HaCaT cells via the CD36/NOX1/ROS/NLRP3/IL-1β pathway. PPI inhibited the CD36/NLRP3/NOX1/ROS/IL-8/IL-1β pathway and HaCaT cell proliferation and migration. PPI alleviates P. acnes-induced inflammatory responses and human keratinocyte proliferation and migration, implying a novel potential therapy for AV.
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21
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Conforti C, Agozzino M, Emendato G, Fai A, Fichera F, Marangi GF, Neagu N, Pellacani G, Persichetti P, Segreto F, Zalaudek I, Dianzani C. Acne and diet: a review. Int J Dermatol 2021; 61:930-934. [PMID: 34423427 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.15862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Acne is one of the most frequent dermatological afflictions especially for people in their first 30 years of age. Several studies have shown that nutrition is one of the key factors involved in acne pathogenesis. Data show that a high glycemic index diet may be a trigger in acne pathogenesis, while patients with a low glycemic index diet have fewer acne lesions. Milk and chocolate are also involved in the exacerbation of acne. However, foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids suppress the production of inflammatory cytokines with therapeutic effect. Additionally, docosapentaenoic acid and γ-linolenic acid have demonstrated improved acne lesions. The aim of this review was to summarize current knowledge on the association between acne and diet with special attention to the most frequently discussed factors involved in its pathogenesis: milk, chocolate, omega-3 fatty acids, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinism, and IGF-1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Giovanni Emendato
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, Dermatology Section, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Annatonia Fai
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, Dermatology Section, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Fichera
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, Dermatology Section, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni F Marangi
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicoleta Neagu
- State Clinic of Dermatology, Mureș County Hospital, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Giovanni Pellacani
- Dermatology Clinic, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Persichetti
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Segreto
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Iris Zalaudek
- Dermatology Clinic, Maggiore Hospital, Trieste, Italy
| | - Caterina Dianzani
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Cosmetic Surgery, Dermatology Section, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital, Rome, Italy
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22
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Lim HJ, Jie EY, Park IS, Kim SJ, Ahn WS, Jeong SI, Kim SW, Jung CH. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Weigela subsessilis Callus Extract via Suppression of MAPK and NF-κB Signaling. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10081635. [PMID: 34451680 PMCID: PMC8400516 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Weigela subsessilis is used in folk medicine to treat pain and allergic syndromes in Korea. However, the antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of W. subsessilis callus extract remain unexplored. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the W. subsessilis callus of pharmacological activity. Therefore, we first established in vitro calluses of W.subsessilis via plant tissue culture methods. We then evaluated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of W. subsessilis callus extract in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. The W. subsessilis callus extract showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. These effects were regulated via suppression of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling through LPS-induced translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. W. subsessilis callus extract also showed antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities in Propionibacterium acnes-treated HaCaT keratinocyte cells. These results indicate that W. subsessilis callus extract has antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities, suggesting its possible application in the treatment of inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Ji Lim
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Jeonju-si 54810, Jeollabuk-do, Korea; (H.-J.L.); (I.-S.P.); (S.-J.K.); (S.-I.J.)
| | - Eun Yee Jie
- Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Jeoneup-si 56212, Jeollabuk-do, Korea; (E.Y.J.); (W.S.A.)
| | - In-Sun Park
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Jeonju-si 54810, Jeollabuk-do, Korea; (H.-J.L.); (I.-S.P.); (S.-J.K.); (S.-I.J.)
| | - Sang-Jun Kim
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Jeonju-si 54810, Jeollabuk-do, Korea; (H.-J.L.); (I.-S.P.); (S.-J.K.); (S.-I.J.)
| | - Woo Seok Ahn
- Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Jeoneup-si 56212, Jeollabuk-do, Korea; (E.Y.J.); (W.S.A.)
| | - Seung-Il Jeong
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Jeonju-si 54810, Jeollabuk-do, Korea; (H.-J.L.); (I.-S.P.); (S.-J.K.); (S.-I.J.)
| | - Suk Weon Kim
- Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Jeoneup-si 56212, Jeollabuk-do, Korea; (E.Y.J.); (W.S.A.)
- Correspondence: (S.W.K.); (C.-H.J.); Tel.: +82-63-570-5650 (S.W.K.); +82-63-711-1026 (C.-H.J.)
| | - Chan-Hun Jung
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Jeonju-si 54810, Jeollabuk-do, Korea; (H.-J.L.); (I.-S.P.); (S.-J.K.); (S.-I.J.)
- Correspondence: (S.W.K.); (C.-H.J.); Tel.: +82-63-570-5650 (S.W.K.); +82-63-711-1026 (C.-H.J.)
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Ma Z, Kochergin N, Olisova O, Snarskaya E. Topical antimicrobial peptides in combined treatment of acne patients. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 21:1533-1538. [PMID: 34143573 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acne vulgaris (AV) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit that affects over 80% of adolescents and young adults. This study aimed to compare the therapeutic efficacy and tolerability of an isotretinoin treatment course with GDP-20 (granulysin-derived peptides) versus the conventional isotretinoin monotherapy prescribed to patients with mild-to-moderate acne. METHODS Our study included 60 Russian subjects affected with AV of mild-to-moderate severity divided into two therapeutic groups. Half of the patients were female; mean age was 19.5 ± 5.6 years. Group 1 was treated with topical GDP-20 twice daily to the affected skin of the face combined with systemic isotretinoin in a fixed low dose of 0.3 mg/kg/day. Group 2 was treated with systemic isotretinoin as a monotherapy. RESULTS The assessment of the changes of AV lesion count on the 12th week of the treatment showed that in Group 1, the mean value of open comedo number reduced from 21.4 ± 6.1 at day 0 to 4.4 ± 2.5 (p < 0.05), the mean number of closed comedo reduced from 7.6 ± 3.5 to 2.4 ± 1.05 (p < 0.05), and those of papules-pustules reduced from 6.1 ± 1.03 to 1.4 ± 0.2 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Topical antimicrobial peptides (GDP-20) combined with low doses of systemic isotretinoin mild-to-moderate resulted in considerable improvement of clinical manifestations of mild-to-moderate AV and threefold reduction in the disease severity with IGA score 0-1 after 12 weeks. Topical application of GDP-20 antimicrobial peptides can improve the efficacy of low-dose systemic isotretinoin in combined treatment of mild-to-moderate AV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Ma
- Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases named after V.A. Rakhmanov, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay Kochergin
- Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases named after V.A. Rakhmanov, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Olisova
- Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases named after V.A. Rakhmanov, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Snarskaya
- Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases named after V.A. Rakhmanov, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
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Abstract
SUMMARY Exposure to air pollutants has been now associated with detrimental effects on a variety of organs, including the heart, lungs, GI tract, and brain. However, recently it has become clear that pollutant exposure can also promote the development/exacerbation of a variety of skin conditions, including premature aging, psoriasis, acne, and atopic dermatitis. Although the molecular mechanisms by which pollutant exposure results in these cutaneous pathological manifestations, it has been noticed that an inflammatory status is a common denominator of all those skin conditions. For this reason, recently, the activation of a cytosolic multiprotein complex involved in inflammatory responses (the inflammasome) that could promote the maturation of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 has been hypothesized to play a key role in pollution-induced skin damage. In this review, we summarize and propose the cutaneous inflammasome as a novel target of pollutant exposure and the eventual usage of inflammasome inhibitor as new technologies to counteract pollution-induced skin damage. Possibly, the ability to inhibit the inflammasome activation could prevent cutaneous inflammaging and ameliorate the health and appearance of the skin.
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Chilicka K, Rogowska AM, Szyguła R. Effects of Topical Hydrogen Purification on Skin Parameters and Acne Vulgaris in Adult Women. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:144. [PMID: 33535651 PMCID: PMC7912839 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9020144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acne vulgaris is a prevalent dermatological disease characterized by skin eruptions, which may decrease the sufferer's quality of life. Hydrogen purification treatment is a new procedure used in cosmetology to improve the skin parameters of the face. This study examined the effectiveness of hydrogen purification treatment to improve women's skin conditions with regard to acne vulgaris. METHODS In this study, 30 women participated who suffered from a high level of sebum and acne. The control group was comprised of 30 healthy women with a low level of sebum. The Hellgren-Vincent Scale and Derma Unit SSC 3 device were used to assess acne vulgaris severity and skin properties, respectively. Four hydrogen purification sessions were carried out at 7-day intervals, using the Hebe Hydrogenium+ generating alkaline water. RESULTS At baseline and 7 and 14 days after finishing the series of treatments, the levels of oiliness, moisture, and skin pH were tested. The main effects of treatment were significant in the following parameters: pH around the bottom lip, moisture between the eyebrows and around the nose, and oily skin in all three face sites. CONCLUSIONS The level of sebum decreased and moisture levels increased during hydrogen purification. Topical hydrogen purification is an effective and safe treatment for acne vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Chilicka
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, 45-060 Opole, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra M. Rogowska
- Department of Social Sciences, Institute of Psychology, University of Opole, 45-052 Opole, Poland;
| | - Renata Szyguła
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, 45-060 Opole, Poland;
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26
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McCarty MF, Iloki Assanga SB, Lewis Luján L, O’Keefe JH, DiNicolantonio JJ. Nutraceutical Strategies for Suppressing NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation: Pertinence to the Management of COVID-19 and Beyond. Nutrients 2020; 13:E47. [PMID: 33375692 PMCID: PMC7823562 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes are intracellular protein complexes that form in response to a variety of stress signals and that serve to catalyze the proteolytic conversion of pro-interleukin-1β and pro-interleukin-18 to active interleukin-1β and interleukin-18, central mediators of the inflammatory response; inflammasomes can also promote a type of cell death known as pyroptosis. The NLRP3 inflammasome has received the most study and plays an important pathogenic role in a vast range of pathologies associated with inflammation-including atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, the complications of diabetes, neurological and autoimmune disorders, dry macular degeneration, gout, and the cytokine storm phase of COVID-19. A consideration of the molecular biology underlying inflammasome priming and activation enables the prediction that a range of nutraceuticals may have clinical potential for suppressing inflammasome activity-antioxidants including phycocyanobilin, phase 2 inducers, melatonin, and N-acetylcysteine, the AMPK activator berberine, glucosamine, zinc, and various nutraceuticals that support generation of hydrogen sulfide. Complex nutraceuticals or functional foods featuring a number of these agents may find utility in the prevention and control of a wide range of medical disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon Bernard Iloki Assanga
- Department of Research and Postgraduate in Food, University of Sonora, Centro 83000, Mexico; (S.B.I.A.); (L.L.L.)
| | - Lidianys Lewis Luján
- Department of Research and Postgraduate in Food, University of Sonora, Centro 83000, Mexico; (S.B.I.A.); (L.L.L.)
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Ibrahim MA, Mohammed SA, Elhabak DM. Role of KLF2: New insight in inflammatory acne pathogenesis. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 20:964-970. [PMID: 32623820 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acne is an inflammatory skin condition of pilosebaceous unit. Its pathogenesis is multifactorial with a central role of inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines mediators. Downregulated Kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) leads to rapid secretion of many cytokines that are involved in acne pathogenesis. AIMS This study aimed at evaluating the level of KLF2 mRNA, clarifying its role in acne pathogenesis and its relation to acne lesion type, degree of severity, and outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS The level of KLF2 mRNA was measured in 100 patients with acne and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy controls by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS The value of KLF2 mRNA was lower in acne patients than control group (P < .001), being lowest in inflammatory acne group (grades III, IV, and V) than noninflammatory acne group (grades I and II) and highest in the control group (P < .001). KLF2 mRNA was decreased significantly with increased acne severity grade (P < .001). KLF2 mRNA was lower in cases healed by scars than those healed by postinflammatory hyperpigmentation. CONCLUSIONS Decreased serum level of KLF2 is not only a claimed for AV pathogenesis but also a predictor for degree of acne severity and outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menha A Ibrahim
- Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Shuzan Ali Mohammed
- Medical Biochemistry &Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Doaa M Elhabak
- Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
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Mazzarello V, Gavini E, Rassu G, Donadu MG, Usai D, Piu G, Pomponi V, Sucato F, Zanetti S, Montesu MA. Clinical Assessment of New Topical Cream Containing Two Essential Oils Combined with Tretinoin in the Treatment of Acne. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2020; 13:233-239. [PMID: 32210603 PMCID: PMC7073433 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s236956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Acne is a frequent adolescent disease characterized by inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions whose topical treatment very often presents adverse phenomena such as irritation or resistance to antibiotics that reduce the patient’s compliance. The purpose of this study is to compare a commercial product (Acnatac gel) based on clindamycin-tretinoin (CTG) with a galenic compound containing 2 essential oils (Myrtus communisL. and Origanum vulgare) and tretinoin (MOTC) to evaluate its anti-acne effectiveness and action on the microclimate of the skin. Methods Sixty volunteers were randomly divided into an A group using MOTC and a B group, as a positive control, using CTG. The effectiveness was assessed with non-invasive skin analysis (Sebumeter, pH meter, Tewameter and Mexameter) and the counts of the number of lesions, after 15 and 30 days. Results In both groups, there is a worsening of transepidermal water loss (TEWL) due to tretinoin. MOTC has improved, starting from 15 days of treatment, the papular erythema (p = 0.0329 vs CTG) and has reduced at all times even the rashes of retinoids present in the healthy perilesional skin (p = 0.0329 and p = 0.0017, respectively, at 15 and 30 days). Conclusion MOTC has shown, compared to Acnatac, to have anti-acne efficacy and to possess an anti-inflammatory activity, due to essential oils, able to reduce in vivo erythematous lesions and those induced by retinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Mazzarello
- Skinlab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Gavini
- Departmentof Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanna Rassu
- Departmentof Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Matthew Gavino Donadu
- Skinlab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.,Departmentof Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Donatella Usai
- Skinlab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Gabriella Piu
- Skinlab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Valeria Pomponi
- Skinlab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Federica Sucato
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Stefania Zanetti
- Skinlab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria Antonia Montesu
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Josse G, Mias C, Le Digabel J, Filiol J, Ipinazar C, Villaret A, Gomiero C, Bevilacqua M, Redoules D, Nocera T, Saurat J, Gontier E. High bacterial colonization and lipase activity in microcomedones. Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:168-176. [PMID: 31863492 PMCID: PMC7586799 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although acne vulgaris has a multifactorial aetiology, comedogenesis and bacteria colonization of the pilosebaceous unit are known to play a major role in the onset of inflammatory acne lesions. However, many aspects remain poorly understood such as where and when is the early stage of the Propionibacterium acnes colonization in follicular unit? Our research aimed at providing a precise analysis of microcomedone's structure to better understand the interplay between Propionibacterium acnes and follicular units, and therefore, the role of its interplay in the formation of acne lesions. METHODS Microcomedones were sampled using cyanoacrylate skin surface stripping (CSSS). Their morphology was investigated with multiphoton imaging and their ultrastructure with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Bacterial lipase activity in the microcomedones was quantified using a dedicated enzymatic test as well as a Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) analysis. The porphyrin produced by bacteria was analysed with HPTLC and fluorescence spectroscopy. RESULTS The imaging analysis showed that microcomedones' structure resembles a pouch, whose interior is mostly composed of lipids with clusters of bacteria and whose outer shell is made up of corneocyte layers. The extensive bacteria colonization is clearly visible using TEM. Even after sampling, clear lipase activity was still seen in the microcomedone. A high correlation, r = .85, was observed between porphyrin content measured with HPTLC and with fluorescence spectroscopy. These observations show that microcomedones, which are generally barely visible clinically, already contain a bacterial colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwendal Josse
- Pierre Fabre LaboratoriesSkin Research CenterToulouseFrance
| | - Céline Mias
- Pierre Fabre LaboratoriesSkin Research CenterToulouseFrance
| | | | - Jérôme Filiol
- Pierre Fabre LaboratoriesSkin Research CenterToulouseFrance
| | - Célia Ipinazar
- Pierre Fabre LaboratoriesSkin Research CenterToulouseFrance
| | | | | | | | | | - Thérèse Nocera
- Pierre Fabre LaboratoriesSkin Research CenterToulouseFrance
| | - Jean‐Hilaire Saurat
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
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Balić A, Vlašić D, Žužul K, Marinović B, Bukvić Mokos Z. Omega-3 Versus Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Prevention and Treatment of Inflammatory Skin Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E741. [PMID: 31979308 PMCID: PMC7037798 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 (ω-3) and omega-6 (ω-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are nowadays desirable components of oils with special dietary and functional properties. Their therapeutic and health-promoting effects have already been established in various chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases through various mechanisms, including modifications in cell membrane lipid composition, gene expression, cellular metabolism, and signal transduction. The application of ω-3 and ω-6 PUFAs in most common skin diseases has been examined in numerous studies, but their results and conclusions were mostly opposing and inconclusive. It seems that combined ω-6, gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), and ω-3 long-chain PUFAs supplementation exhibits the highest potential in diminishing inflammatory processes, which could be beneficial for the management of inflammatory skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and acne. Due to significant population and individually-based genetic variations that impact PUFAs metabolism and associated metabolites, gene expression, and subsequent inflammatory responses, at this point, we could not recommend strict dietary and supplementation strategies for disease prevention and treatment that will be appropriate for all. Well-balanced nutrition and additional anti-inflammatory PUFA-based supplementation should be encouraged in a targeted manner for individuals in need to provide better management of skin diseases but, most importantly, to maintain and improve overall skin health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamaria Balić
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Šalata 4, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.B.); (B.M.)
| | - Domagoj Vlašić
- Department of Ophtalmology and Optometry, General Hospital Dubrovnik, Ulica dr. Roka Mišetića 2, 20000 Dubrovnik, Croatia;
| | - Kristina Žužul
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Branka Marinović
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Šalata 4, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.B.); (B.M.)
| | - Zrinka Bukvić Mokos
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Šalata 4, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.B.); (B.M.)
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Bettoli V, Coutanceau C, Georgescu V. A Real-Life, International, Observational Study Demonstrating The Efficacy Of A Cosmetic Emulsion In The Supportive Care Of Mild-To-Moderate Facial Acne. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2019; 12:759-769. [PMID: 31632124 PMCID: PMC6791409 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s205170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Cosmetic emulsions are increasingly being used as supportive care products to alleviate the severe side effects and improve the clinical outcomes associated with conventional acne treatments. The objectives of this study were to determine, in a real-life setting, the global effectiveness of an emulsion with antiseborrheic, keratolytic and anti-Propionibacterium acnes activities as an adjunct to anti-acne therapy, and to evaluate the effect of the product on acne severity, noninflammatory and inflammatory lesions, hyperseborrhea, skin irritation and patient quality of life (QoL). Tolerance of the product was also assessed. Patients and methods This international observational study involved 3960 patients aged 12 years and over with mild-to-moderate acne. The conventional acne prescriptions for these patients were either initiated at inclusion or were reviewed. Reviewed prescriptions may have been left unchanged, switched, or an addition made to ongoing treatment. At inclusion, participants were instructed to apply the cosmetic product daily for 2–3 months in combination with their medical acne treatment. Results After 2 to 3 months of use, the combined therapy resulted in moderate-to-large improvements in acne in over 75% of the patients whose acne prescriptions were left unchanged (n=859). The combination treatment led to an improvement in acne severity (−38.3% change in the mean investigator’s global assessment score; p<0.0001) and QoL (−38.3% change in the mean Cardiff acne disability index score; p<0.0001), and reduced noninflammatory and superficial inflammatory lesions (−35.3% and −47.0%, respectively; p<0.0001), hyperseborrhoea (−40.6%; p<0.0001) and skin irritation (−37.2%; p<0.0001). Tolerance was very good. Conclusion Use of the cosmetic emulsion combined with conventional acne therapy significantly improved clinical outcomes and patient QoL, and was very well tolerated. The combined therapy may have improved patient satisfaction, leading to improved patient adherence and higher rates of therapeutic success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Bettoli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Operational Unit of Dermatology, Azienda Ospedaliera - University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Christine Coutanceau
- Laboratoires Dermatologiques AVENE, Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique, Lavaur, France
| | - Victor Georgescu
- Laboratoires Dermatologiques AVENE, Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique, Lavaur, France
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Frew JW, Hawkes JE, Sullivan-Whalen M, Gilleaudeau P, Krueger JG. Inter-rater reliability of phenotypes and exploratory genotype-phenotype analysis in inherited hidradenitis suppurativa. Br J Dermatol 2019; 181:566-571. [PMID: 30693478 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genotype-phenotype correlation measures the correlation between the presence of a physical trait with a group of similar mutations but is dependent on reliable phenotyping. It can provide information on disease pathogenesis, future disease progression, severity or activity. Such indicators would be valuable in hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). OBJECTIVES To assess inter-rater reliability (IRR) of HS clinical phenotypes and perform exploratory genotype-phenotype correlation in cases of HS with identified sequence variants. METHODS Linkage disequilibrium between variants was assessed. Genotype-phenotype correlations were explored using Spearman correlation coefficients. IRR was calculated using Cohen's κ. Correlation between phenotype classifications was assessed using the χ2 statistic. RESULTS Forty-three sequence variants with clinical information were identified. Clinical phenotypes were classified as LC2 (n = 29; 67%), scarring folliculitis (n = 18; 42%), atypical (n = 38; 88%) and nodular (n = 26; 60%). LC1 phenotype was associated with regular (χ2 = 41·289, P < 0·001) and typical (χ2 = 29·013, P < 0·001) phenotypes. Cohen's κ was highest for van der Zee and Jemec (0·815), followed by Martorell-Calatayud et al. (0·813), Naasan and Affleck (0·774) and Canoui-Poitrine et al. (0·435) classifications. High linkage disequilibrium was seen between variants of Han Chinese pedigrees. No significant genotype-phenotype correlations were identified. CONCLUSIONS These findings may be influenced by selection, publication bias and the assumption that HS is a monogenic disorder. The poor IRR of existing phenotype measures suggests limited utility of existing measures. Further investigations into the correlation of clinical phenotypes with inflammatory biomarkers may aid in prognostic efforts for this disease. What's already known about this topic? Genotype-phenotype correlation can provide information regarding disease pathogenesis and predictions for future disease progression, severity or activity. The identification of such indicators in hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) would be valuable for patients and clinicians alike, given the lack of biomarkers or clinical predictors of disease. What does this study add? Sixty-five sequence variants across 20 separate genes were identified. There was no significant correlation between phenotype classification in four separate classification schema and gene, mutation type or impact on Notch signalling. Utility of current phenotype measurements are limited. The lack of genotype-phenotype correlation in HS is suggestive that the underlying assumption of inherited HS as a monogenic disorder may need revision.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Frew
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, U.S.A
| | - J E Hawkes
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, U.S.A
| | - M Sullivan-Whalen
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, U.S.A
| | - P Gilleaudeau
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, U.S.A
| | - J G Krueger
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, U.S.A
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Keshari S, Kumar M, Balasubramaniam A, Chang TW, Tong Y, Huang CM. Prospects of acne vaccines targeting secreted virulence factors of Cutibacterium acnes. Expert Rev Vaccines 2019; 18:433-437. [DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2019.1593830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Keshari
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Manish Kumar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Arun Balasubramaniam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Wei Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yun Tong
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Chun-Ming Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
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Effects of Intradermal Radiofrequency Treatment and Intense Pulsed Light Therapy in an Acne-induced Rabbit Ear Model. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5056. [PMID: 30911021 PMCID: PMC6434013 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41322-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Acne vulgaris is a common condition that can have psychologically deleterious effects. Since current treatments carry the risks of antibiotic resistance or teratogenicity, novel treatment modalities are under investigation. Our study investigated the efficacy of intradermal radiofrequency treatment (RF) and intense pulsed light (IPL) in the treatment of acne vulgaris in a rabbit ear model. We evaluated the effectiveness of IPL, RF, and a combination treatment on cultured Cuticobacterium acnes strains in an induced rabbit ear model, according to clinical outcomes as well as histological and immunological approaches. We found that RF treatment markedly decreases papule volume, while IPL appears to have an immunomodulatory effect. In combination, the two have an additive effect in treatment. These findings suggest that combination of RF and IPL may be an effective therapeutic option for the treatment of acne vulgaris.
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Mazzarello V, Donadu MG, Ferrari M, Piga G, Usai D, Zanetti S, Sotgiu MA. Treatment of acne with a combination of propolis, tea tree oil, and Aloe vera compared to erythromycin cream: two double-blind investigations. Clin Pharmacol 2018; 10:175-181. [PMID: 30588129 PMCID: PMC6298394 DOI: 10.2147/cpaa.s180474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Antibiotics that suppress Propionibacterium acnes are the standard treatment for acne but are becoming less effective, due to the appearance of antibiotic-resistant strains. Many plants are known to have innate antimicrobial action and can be used as alternatives to antibiotics; thus, it is necessary to prove their effectiveness in vivo. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-acne efficacy of a new cream based on three natural extracts, comparing it to erythromycin cream and placebo. Patients and methods Sixty patients with mild to moderate acne vulgaris were randomly divided into three groups: treated with cream containing 20% propolis, 3% "tea tree oil", and 10% "Aloe vera" (PTAC) (n=20); or with 3 % erythromycin cream (ERC) (n=20); or with placebo (n=20). At baseline, after 15 and 30 days, investigators evaluated response to treatment by counting acne lesions through noninvasive measurements and macrophotography. Results All the clinical and instrumental values studied were statistically different from placebo except for sebometry, pHmetry, and erythema index values, measured on healthy skin. Unlike in the placebo group, papular and scar lesions showed high erythema reduction after 15 and 30 days of PTAC and ERC application. Conclusion The PTAC formulation was better than ERC in reducing erythema scars, acne severity index, and total lesion count.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Mazzarello
- Skinlab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy,
| | - M G Donadu
- Skinlab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy,
| | - M Ferrari
- Skinlab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy,
| | - G Piga
- Skinlab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy,
| | - D Usai
- Skinlab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy,
| | - S Zanetti
- Skinlab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy,
| | - M A Sotgiu
- Skinlab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy,
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Hou JH, Shin H, Jang KH, Park CK, Koo B, Shin H, Yuk SH, Lee KY. Anti-acne properties of hydrophobic fraction of red ginseng (Panax ginseng
C.A. Meyer) and its active components. Phytother Res 2018; 33:584-590. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joon Hyuk Hou
- College of Pharmacy; Korea University; Sejong Republic of Korea
- Korea Ginseng Corporation Research Institute; Korea Ginseng Corporation; Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjung Shin
- Korea Ginseng Corporation Research Institute; Korea Ginseng Corporation; Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Hwa Jang
- Korea Ginseng Corporation Research Institute; Korea Ginseng Corporation; Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Kyu Park
- Korea Ginseng Corporation Research Institute; Korea Ginseng Corporation; Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Bonsuk Koo
- Korea Ginseng Corporation Research Institute; Korea Ginseng Corporation; Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeji Shin
- College of Pharmacy; Korea University; Sejong Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Hong Yuk
- College of Pharmacy; Korea University; Sejong Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Yong Lee
- College of Pharmacy; Korea University; Sejong Republic of Korea
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Chernoff G, Bryan N, Park AM. Mesothelial Stem Cells and Stromal Vascular Fraction. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2018; 26:487-501. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsc.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Wang Y, Hata TR, Tong YL, Kao MS, Zouboulis CC, Gallo RL, Huang CM. The Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Propionibacterium acnes CAMP Factor-Targeted Acne Vaccines. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 138:2355-2364. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Yang G, Lee HE, Yeon SH, Kang HC, Cho YY, Lee HS, Zouboulis CC, Han SH, Lee JH, Lee JY. Licochalcone A attenuates acne symptoms mediated by suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome. Phytother Res 2018; 32:2551-2559. [PMID: 30281174 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Activation of the NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome by Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is critical for inducing inflammation and aggravating the development of acne lesions. We searched for available small-molecule inhibitors of the NLRP3 inflammasome that could be topically administered for the treatment of acne. We found that licochalcone A, a chalconoid isolated from the root of Glycyrrhiza inflate, was an effective inhibitor for P. acnes-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Licochalcone A blocked P. acnes-induced production of caspase-1(p10) and IL-1β in primary mouse macrophages and human SZ95 sebocytes, indicating the suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome. Licochalcone A suppressed P. acnes-induced ASC speck formation and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Topical application of licochalcone A to mouse ear skin attenuated P. acnes-induced skin inflammation as shown by histological assessment, ear thickness measurement, and inflammatory gene expression. Licochalcone A reduced caspase-1 activity and IL-1β production in mouse ear injected with P. acnes. This study demonstrated that licochalcone A is effective in the control of P. acnes-induced skin inflammation as an efficient inhibitor for NLRP3 inflammasome. Our study provides a new paradigm for the development of anti-acne therapy via targeting NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabsik Yang
- BK21plus team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Hye Eun Lee
- BK21plus team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Sang Hyeon Yeon
- BK21plus team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Han Chang Kang
- BK21plus team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Yong-Yeon Cho
- BK21plus team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Hye Suk Lee
- BK21plus team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Christos C Zouboulis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology, and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Brandenburg Medical School Theodore Fontane, Dessau, Germany
| | - Sin-Hee Han
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumsung, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Lee
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumsung, Korea
| | - Joo Young Lee
- BK21plus team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Korea
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Synthesis and stability evaluation of novel peptidomimetic Caspase-1 inhibitors for topical application. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Jeon J, Park SC, Her J, Lee JW, Han JK, Kim YK, Kim KP, Ban C. Comparative lipidomic profiling of the human commensal bacterium Propionibacterium acnes and its extracellular vesicles. RSC Adv 2018; 8:15241-15247. [PMID: 35541326 PMCID: PMC9080044 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra13769a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Propionibacterium acnes is a lipophilic commensal bacterium mainly found on the skin and in the gastrointestinal tract. Pathophysiological effects of P. acnes have recently been reported not only in acne progression but in various diseases. As an emerging mode of bacterial communication, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been demonstrated to conduct critical pathophysiological functions. To provide information on P. acnes lipid composition for the first time, we conducted a comparative lipidomic analysis of P. acnes and P. acnes EVs and identified 214 lipids with high confidence using triplicated liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analyses. P. acnes EVs contained substantially more PCs, DGs, PAs, PEs, LPAs, LPCs, and MGs than P. acnes, and contained fewer PSs, SO1Ps, SA1Ps, LPGs, LPIs, and LPSs. Distinctively, P. acnes EVs possessed a markedly reduced amount of TG. These findings will provide useful clues for understanding the biological and pathophysiological mechanisms of P. acnes and for clinical applications such as vaccine development, diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinseong Jeon
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77, Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu Pohang Gyeongbuk 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Cheol Park
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Applied Science, Kyung Hee University Yongin 17104 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Her
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77, Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu Pohang Gyeongbuk 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Applied Science, Kyung Hee University Yongin 17104 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kwan Han
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77, Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu Pohang Gyeongbuk 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Keun Kim
- Myeongdong Medical Woori Technology Building, World Cup buk-ro 56-gil 9, Mapo-gu Seoul 03923 Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Pyo Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Applied Science, Kyung Hee University Yongin 17104 Republic of Korea
| | - Changill Ban
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77, Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu Pohang Gyeongbuk 37673 Republic of Korea
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The Difference in Interleukin-19 Serum on Degrees of Acne Vulgaris Severity. Int J Inflam 2018; 2018:4141579. [PMID: 29805787 PMCID: PMC5899841 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4141579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Acne vulgaris is a multifactorial disease. Recent study showed that inflammation does have a central role in the formation of both inflammatory and noninflammatory lesions in acne vulgaris. There are various findings of proinflammatory cytokines related to acne vulgaris, but no previous study correlate interleukin- (IL-) 19 to acne vulgaris. This pilot study aims to look at difference in IL-19 serum concentration on degrees of severity of acne vulgaris. Methods This is an analytical observational cross-sectional study. Sample subjects were patients with acne vulgaris who met the inclusion criteria. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) study was applied to measure IL-19 serum. Result Analysis test found statistically significant difference between IL-19 serum concentration of group of patients with mild acne vulgaris and that of group of patients with severe acne vulgaris. Moreover, analysis revealed significant difference between IL-19 serum concentration of group of patients with moderate acne vulgaris and that of group of patients with severe acne vulgaris. Conclusions There are differences in serum levels of IL-19 on the severity of acne vulgaris. The significant difference might show that inflammation has a core role in severity of acne vulgaris, and IL-19 might potentially be related to acne vulgaris.
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Navarini A, French L. Autoinflammation behind the curtain. Br J Dermatol 2018; 178:581-582. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A.A. Navarini
- Department of Dermatology; University Hospital of Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
- Medical Faculty; University of Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
| | - L.E. French
- Department of Dermatology; University Hospital of Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
- Medical Faculty; University of Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
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Stewart TJ, Bazergy C. Hormonal and dietary factors in acne vulgaris versus controls. DERMATO-ENDOCRINOLOGY 2018; 10:e1442160. [PMID: 29904568 PMCID: PMC5997051 DOI: 10.1080/19381980.2018.1442160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Acne vulgaris is an inflammatory skin disorder with not as yet fully understood pathogenesis. In this controlled study, we assessed acne vulgaris patients for several possible pathogenic factors such as vitamin D deficiency, vegan diet, increased body mass index (BMI) and positive anti-transglutaminase antibody. Methods: We screened 10 years of records at a family medicine clinic for patients diagnosed with acne vulgaris. In eligible subjects, we collected data regarding 25-hydroxylvitamin D levels, BMI, dietary preference and serum IgA tissue transglutaminase levels. Controls were age- (+/− 12 months) and sex-matched patients seen during the study period without a diagnosis of acne vulgaris. Results: 453 patients were given a diagnosis of acne vulgaris during the study period. Compared with controls, we found significant associations between vitamin D deficiency (<50nmol/L), and/or positive transglutaminase antibody level (>4.0U/mL) and a diagnosis of acne vulgaris. Conclusions: Our study adds important information to the current body of literature in pursuit of elucidating the pathogenesis of this complex multifactorial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Jonathan Stewart
- Darlinghurst Medical Centre, Darlinghurst, Sydney, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Carl Bazergy
- Kogarah Railway Medical Centre, Kogarah, Sydney, Australia
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Gollnick HPM, Buer J, Beissert S, Sunderkätter C. Verantwortlicher Umgang mit Antibiotika: Notwendigkeit der Antibiotikareduktion in der Aknetherapie. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2018; 14:1319-1327. [PMID: 27992149 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.13048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Der übermäßige oder unkritische weltweite Einsatz von Antibiotika in der Medizin hat die Ausbreitung von Antibiotikaresistenzen beschleunigt. In einigen Bereichen sind viele Antibiotika bei bakteriellen Infektionen, die zuvor noch gut auf antibakterielle Wirkstoffe reagierten, mittlerweile wirkungslos geworden. Dermatologen/Venerologen setzten orale und topische Antibiotika bei der Behandlung von Acne vulgaris routinemäßig ein, obwohl Akne weder eine infektiöse Erkrankung ist noch alleine durch das Propionibacterium getriggert wird. Vielmehr ist sie eine komplexe, chronische entzündliche Hauterkrankung, die durch verschiedene pathogenetische Faktoren wie follikuläre Hyperkeratose, erhöhter Sebumproduktion, bakterielle Proliferation und Entzündung zustande kommt. Folglich sollte eine erfolgreiche Therapie auf die Bekämpfung verschiedener pathogenetischer Faktoren und nicht nur auf die von Propionibacterium acnes abzielen. Daher wurden topische Retinoide und Benzoylperoxid als Mittel der ersten Wahl definiert. Monotherapien mit lokalen Antibiotika sollten insgesamt vermieden werden. Systemische Antibiotika der Tetrazyklin-Gruppe haben bei bestimmen Krankheitsstadien ihren Sinn, ihre Wirkung könnte aber eher auf der antientzündlichen als auf der antibiotischen Reaktion beruhen. Gesundheitsbehörden ermahnen alle Gesundheitsdienstleister, den Einsatz von Antibiotika einzuschränken. Das Nutzen-Risiko-Verhältnis muss bei der Entscheidung für oder gegen eine antibiotische Therapie bei einem einzelnen Patienten immer auch in Bezug auf das öffentliche Interesse am Erhalt der Wirksamkeit von Antibiotika abgewogen werden. Im Folgenden werden das aktuelle Krankheitskonzept zu Acne vulgaris und die sich daraus ableitenden Konsequenzen für den Einsatz von Antibiotika vorgestellt.
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Pink A, Anzengruber F, Navarini A. Acne and hidradenitis suppurativa. Br J Dermatol 2018; 178:619-631. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Pink
- St John's Institute of Dermatology; Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine; Guy's Hospital; King's College; London SE1 9RT U.K
| | - F. Anzengruber
- Department of Dermatology; University Hospital Zurich; Zurich 8091 Switzerland
| | - A.A. Navarini
- Department of Dermatology; University Hospital Zurich; Zurich 8091 Switzerland
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Comparative effects of schisandrin A, B, and C on Propionibacterium acnes-induced, NLRP3 inflammasome activation-mediated IL-1β secretion and pyroptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:129-136. [PMID: 28972885 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Propionibacterium acnes, a common pathogen associated with acne, is also responsible for various surgical infections. Schisandrin A, schisandrin B and schisandrin C, the representative lignans of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. extract, inhibit P. acnes-induced inflammation. However, their effects on P. acnes-induced IL-1β secretion and pyroptosis mediated by NLRP3 inflammasome activation remain unknown. In this study, we compared the effects of schisandrin A, B, and C (Sch A, B, and C) on IL-1β secretion and pyroptosis in P. acnes-infected THP-1 cells. As NLRP3 plays important roles in P. acnes-mediated inflammation and pyroptosis, we also investigated the effects of Schs on P. acnes-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation by measuring the levels of NLRP3, active caspase-1, and mature IL-1β, and activity of caspase-1. Our results showed that Sch A, B, and C suppressed P. acnes-induced pyroptosis. Further, the three lignans significantly suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation, with the following potency: Sch C > Sch B > Sch A. Three lignans also inhibited the production of mitochondrial ROS and ATP release. Additionally, Sch B and C almost completely prevented the efflux of K+., whereas Sch A had a relatively weak effect. Collectively, our novel findings showed that Sch A, B, and C effectively suppressed IL-1β secretion and pyroptosis by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in P. acnes-infected THP-1 cells. Thus, Schs may be promising agents for the treatment of P. acnes-related infections.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Acne vulgaris is a global disease with increasing prevalence in adolescents. It has a profound impact on their quality of life, especially when endocrine disorders are also involved. Recent concerns regarding antibiotic stewardship, failures with antibiotic usage, and the development of antibiotic-resistant Propionibacterium acnes have led clinicians to consider other therapeutic options for acne treatment. The present review explores hormonal therapies for the treatment of acne vulgaris. RECENT FINDINGS There are now four different combined oral contraceptive pills that are FDA approved for the treatment of acne since its first introduction in 1960. Recent literature has provided more information on the efficacy of different generations of combined oral contraceptive pills, their side-effects, and cancer risks. Furthermore, spironolactone has been gaining wider use among dermatologists in adolescents with endocrine dysfunction. New diagnostic guidelines and treatment recommendations have also been suggested. SUMMARY Hormonal therapies are effective and well tolerated options for the treatment of acne vulgaris in adolescents with and without endocrine disorders. They can be used as monotherapy or in conjunction with benzoyl peroxide, topical retinoic acid, or antibiotics.
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50
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Gollnick HPM, Buer J, Beissert S, Sunderkätter C. Antibiotic stewardship: The need to reduce antibiotics in acne treatment. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/ddg.13048_e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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