1
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Clemente B, Denis M, Silveira CP, Schiavetti F, Brazzoli M, Stranges D. Straight to the point: targeted mRNA-delivery to immune cells for improved vaccine design. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1294929. [PMID: 38090568 PMCID: PMC10711611 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1294929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
With the deepening of our understanding of adaptive immunity at the cellular and molecular level, targeting antigens directly to immune cells has proven to be a successful strategy to develop innovative and potent vaccines. Indeed, it offers the potential to increase vaccine potency and/or modulate immune response quality while reducing off-target effects. With mRNA-vaccines establishing themselves as a versatile technology for future applications, in the last years several approaches have been explored to target nanoparticles-enabled mRNA-delivery systems to immune cells, with a focus on dendritic cells. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen presenting cells and key mediators of B- and T-cell immunity, and therefore considered as an ideal target for cell-specific antigen delivery. Indeed, improved potency of DC-targeted vaccines has been proved in vitro and in vivo. This review discusses the potential specific targets for immune system-directed mRNA delivery, as well as the different targeting ligand classes and delivery systems used for this purpose.
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2
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Ann S, Ibo J, Megha M, Reu Hans D, Bruggen Laura V, Julien L, An B, Nathalie C. Treatment of in vitro generated Langerhans cells with JAK-STAT inhibitor reduces their inflammatory potential. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:2571-2582. [PMID: 36282458 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00899-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Alopecia areata (AA) is a condition in which hair is lost in small regions or over the entire body. It has a prevalence of 1 in 1000 and has a great impact on psychological wellbeing. AA is generally considered an autoimmune disease in which a collapse of the immune privilege system of the hair follicle has shown to play an important role, potentially driven by interferon gamma (IFN-γ). The most prominent cells located in or around the hair follicle in AA are Langerhans cells, CD4+ or CD8+ T cells, macrophages and mast cells. Langerhans cells, specialized dendritic cells, are resident in the epidermis and are known to associate with hair follicles. Therefore, we aimed to develop in vitro generated Langerhans cells contributing as an in vitro model of disease. In vitro models provide insight into the behaviour of cells and are a valuable tool before being in need of an animal model or patient samples. For this, Langerhans-like cells were generated from CD14+ monocytes in the presence of GM-CSF and TGF-β. After 10 days of cell culture, Langerhans-like cells express CD207 and CD1a but lack CD209 expression as well as Birbeck granules. Next, Langerhans-like cells were exposed to inflammatory conditions and the effect of different AA treatments was investigated. All treatments-diphencyprone contact immunotherapy, UV-B light therapy and JAK-STAT inhibition-affect the expression of costimulatory and skin-homing markers on Langerhans-like cells. Importantly, also the T cell stimulatory capacity of Langerhans-like cells was significantly reduced following treatment under inflammatory conditions. Noteworthy, JAK-STAT inhibition outperformed conventional AA treatments. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that in vitro generated Langerhans-like cells can be used as a model of disease. Moreover, JAK-STAT inhibition may become a valuable new approach for the treatment of AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sterkens Ann
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650, Edegem, Belgium.
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Janssens Ibo
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Meena Megha
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - De Reu Hans
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Van Bruggen Laura
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Lambert Julien
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Bervoets An
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Cools Nathalie
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
- Center for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine (CCRG), University Hospital of Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
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3
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Hu Y, Zhang W, Chu X, Wang A, He Z, Si CL, Hu W. Dendritic cell-targeting polymer nanoparticle-based immunotherapy for cancer: A review. Int J Pharm 2023; 635:122703. [PMID: 36758880 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunity is dependent on dynamic interactions between T cells and dendritic cells (DCs). Polymer-based nanoparticles target DC receptors to improve anticancer immune responses. In this paper, DC surface receptors and their specific coupling natural ligands and antibodies are reviewed and compared. Moreover, reaction mechanisms are described, and the synergistic effects of immune adjuvants are demonstrated. Also, extracellular-targeting antigen-delivery strategies and intracellular stimulus responses are reviewed to promote the rational design of polymer delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeye Hu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - Xiaozhong Chu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - Aoran Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - Ziliang He
- School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - Chuan-Ling Si
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Weicheng Hu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Non-Coding RNA Research, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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4
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Eder J, Zijlstra-Willems E, Koen G, Kootstra NA, Wolthers KC, Geijtenbeek TB. Transmission of Zika virus by dendritic cell subsets in skin and vaginal mucosa. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1125565. [PMID: 36949942 PMCID: PMC10025456 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1125565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus is a member of the Flaviviridae family that has caused recent outbreaks associated with neurological malformations. Transmission of Zika virus occurs primarily via mosquito bite but also via sexual contact. Dendritic cells (DCs) and Langerhans cells (LCs) are important antigen presenting cells in skin and vaginal mucosa and paramount to induce antiviral immunity. To date, little is known about the first cells targeted by Zika virus in these tissues as well as subsequent dissemination of the virus to other target cells. We therefore investigated the role of DCs and LCs in Zika virus infection. Human monocyte derived DCs (moDCs) were isolated from blood and primary immature LCs were obtained from human skin and vaginal explants. Zika virus exposure to moDCs but not skin and vaginal LCs induced Type I Interferon responses. Zika virus efficiently infected moDCs but neither epidermal nor vaginal LCs became infected. Infection of a human full skin model showed that DC-SIGN expressing dermal DCs are preferentially infected over langerin+ LCs. Notably, not only moDCs but also skin and vaginal LCs efficiently transmitted Zika virus to target cells. Transmission by LCs was independent of direct infection of LCs. These data suggest that DCs and LCs are among the first target cells for Zika virus not only in the skin but also the genital tract. The role of vaginal LCs in dissemination of Zika virus from the vaginal mucosa further emphasizes the threat of sexual transmission and supports the investigation of prophylaxes that go beyond mosquito control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Eder
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Esther Zijlstra-Willems
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gerrit Koen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Neeltje A. Kootstra
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Katja C. Wolthers
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Teunis B. Geijtenbeek
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Teunis B. Geijtenbeek,
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5
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Stoitzner P, Romani N, Rademacher C, Probst HC, Mahnke K. Antigen targeting to dendritic cells: Still a place in future immunotherapy? Eur J Immunol 2022; 52:1909-1924. [PMID: 35598160 PMCID: PMC10084009 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202149515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The hallmark of DCs is their potent and outstanding capacity to activate naive resting T cells. As such, DCs are the sentinels of the immune system and instrumental for the induction of immune responses. This is one of the reasons, why DCs became the focus of immunotherapeutical strategies to fight infections, cancer, and autoimmunity. Besides the exploration of adoptive DC-therapy for which DCs are generated from monocytes or purified in large numbers from the blood, alternative approaches were developed such as antigen targeting of DCs. The idea behind this strategy is that DCs resident in patients' lymphoid organs or peripheral tissues can be directly loaded with antigens in situ. The proof of principle came from mouse models; subsequent translational studies confirmed the potential of this therapy. The first clinical trials demonstrated feasibility and the induction of T-cell immunity in patients. This review will cover: (i) the historical aspects of antigen targeting, (ii) briefly summarize the biology of DCs and the immunological functions upon which this concept rests, (iii) give an overview on attempts to target DC receptors with antibodies or (glycosylated) ligands, and finally, (iv) discuss the translation of antigen targeting into clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Stoitzner
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nikolaus Romani
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christoph Rademacher
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hans Christian Probst
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karsten Mahnke
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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6
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Self-assembled polysaccharide nanogel delivery system for overcoming tumor immune resistance. J Control Release 2022; 347:175-182. [PMID: 35526613 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In therapeutic cancer vaccines, vaccine antigens must be efficiently delivered to the antigen-presenting cells (dendritic cells and macrophages) located in the lymphoid organs (lymph nodes and spleen) at the appropriate time to induce a potent antitumor immune response. Nanoparticle-based delivery systems in cancer immunotherapy are of great interest in recent year. We have developed a novel cancer vaccine that can use self-assembled polysaccharide nanogel of cholesteryl group-modified pullulan (CHP) as an antigen delivery system for clinical cancer immunotherapy for the first time. Additionally, we recently proposed a novel technology that uses CHP nanogels to regulate the function of tumor-associated macrophages, leading to an improvement in the tumor microenvironment. When combined with other immunotherapies, macrophage function modulation using CHP nanogels demonstrated a potent inhibitory effect against cancers resistant to immune checkpoint inhibition therapies. In this review, we discuss the applications of our unique drug nanodelivery system for CHP nanogels.
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7
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Ruan S, Huang Y, He M, Gao H. Advanced Biomaterials for Cell-Specific Modulation and Restore of Cancer Immunotherapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200027. [PMID: 35343112 PMCID: PMC9165523 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The past decade has witnessed the explosive development of cancer immunotherapies. Nevertheless, low immunogenicity, limited specificity, poor delivery efficiency, and off-target side effects remain to be the major limitations for broad implementation of cancer immunotherapies to patient bedside. Encouragingly, advanced biomaterials offering cell-specific modulation of immunological cues bring new solutions for improving the therapeutic efficacy while relieving side effect risks. In this review, focus is given on how functional biomaterials can enable cell-specific modulation of cancer immunotherapy within the cancer-immune cycle, with particular emphasis on antigen-presenting cells (APCs), T cells, and tumor microenvironment (TME)-resident cells. By reviewing the current progress in biomaterial-based cancer immunotherapy, here the aim is to provide a better understanding of biomaterials' role in targeting modulation of antitumor immunity step-by-step and guidelines for rationally developing targeting biomaterials for more personalized cancer immunotherapy. Moreover, the current challenge and future perspective regarding the potential application and clinical translation will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaobo Ruan
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary ScienceBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
| | - Yuanyu Huang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary ScienceBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China
| | - Mei He
- College of PharmacyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL32610USA
| | - Huile Gao
- West China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
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8
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Lu Y, Shi Y, You J. Strategy and clinical application of up-regulating cross presentation by DCs in anti-tumor therapy. J Control Release 2021; 341:184-205. [PMID: 34774890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The cross presentation of exogenous antigen (Ag) by dendritic cells (DCs) facilitates a diversified mode of T-cell activation, orchestrates specific humoral and cellular immunity, and contributes to an efficient anti-tumor immune response. DCs-mediated cross presentation is subject to both intrinsic and extrinsic factors, including the homing and phenotype of DCs, the spatiotemporal trafficking and degradation kinetics of Ag, and multiple microenvironmental clues, with many details largely unexplored. Here, we systemically review the current mechanistic understanding and regulation strategies of cross presentation by heterogeneous DC populations. We also provide insights into the future exploitation of DCs cross presentation for a better clinical efficacy in anti-tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Lu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yingying Shi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Jian You
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
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9
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Anderluh M, Berti F, Bzducha‐Wróbel A, Chiodo F, Colombo C, Compostella F, Durlik K, Ferhati X, Holmdahl R, Jovanovic D, Kaca W, Lay L, Marinovic‐Cincovic M, Marradi M, Ozil M, Polito L, Reina‐Martin JJ, Reis CA, Sackstein R, Silipo A, Švajger U, Vaněk O, Yamamoto F, Richichi B, van Vliet SJ. Emerging glyco-based strategies to steer immune responses. FEBS J 2021; 288:4746-4772. [PMID: 33752265 PMCID: PMC8453523 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glycan structures are common posttranslational modifications of proteins, which serve multiple important structural roles (for instance in protein folding), but also are crucial participants in cell-cell communications and in the regulation of immune responses. Through the interaction with glycan-binding receptors, glycans are able to affect the activation status of antigen-presenting cells, leading either to induction of pro-inflammatory responses or to suppression of immunity and instigation of immune tolerance. This unique feature of glycans has attracted the interest and spurred collaborations of glyco-chemists and glyco-immunologists to develop glycan-based tools as potential therapeutic approaches in the fight against diseases such as cancer and autoimmune conditions. In this review, we highlight emerging advances in this field, and in particular, we discuss on how glycan-modified conjugates or glycoengineered cells can be employed as targeting devices to direct tumor antigens to lectin receptors on antigen-presenting cells, like dendritic cells. In addition, we address how glycan-based nanoparticles can act as delivery platforms to enhance immune responses. Finally, we discuss some of the latest developments in glycan-based therapies, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells to achieve targeting of tumor-associated glycan-specific epitopes, as well as the use of glycan moieties to suppress ongoing immune responses, especially in the context of autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Anderluh
- Chair of Pharmaceutical ChemistryFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of LjubljanaSlovenia
| | | | - Anna Bzducha‐Wróbel
- Department of Biotechnology and Food MicrobiologyWarsaw University of Life Sciences‐SGGWPoland
| | - Fabrizio Chiodo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and ImmunologyCancer Center AmsterdamAmsterdam Infection and Immunity InstituteAmsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit AmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Cinzia Colombo
- Department of Chemistry and CRC Materiali Polimerici (LaMPo)University of MilanItaly
| | - Federica Compostella
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanItaly
| | - Katarzyna Durlik
- Department of Microbiology and ParasitologyJan Kochanowski UniversityKielcePoland
| | - Xhenti Ferhati
- Department of Chemistry ‘Ugo Schiff’University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Rikard Holmdahl
- Division of Medical Inflammation ResearchDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and BiophysicsKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
| | - Dragana Jovanovic
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences ‐ National Institute of the Republic of SerbiaUniversity of BelgradeSerbia
| | - Wieslaw Kaca
- Department of Microbiology and ParasitologyJan Kochanowski UniversityKielcePoland
| | - Luigi Lay
- Department of Chemistry and CRC Materiali Polimerici (LaMPo)University of MilanItaly
| | - Milena Marinovic‐Cincovic
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences ‐ National Institute of the Republic of SerbiaUniversity of BelgradeSerbia
| | - Marco Marradi
- Department of Chemistry ‘Ugo Schiff’University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Musa Ozil
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of Arts and SciencesRecep Tayyip Erdogan University RizeTurkey
| | | | | | - Celso A. Reis
- I3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em SaúdeUniversidade do PortoPortugal
- IPATIMUP‐Institute of Molecular Pathology and ImmunologyInstituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel SalazarUniversity of PortoPortugal
| | - Robert Sackstein
- Department of Translational Medicinethe Translational Glycobiology InstituteHerbert Wertheim College of MedicineFlorida International UniversityMiamiFLUSA
| | - Alba Silipo
- Department of Chemical SciencesUniversity of Naples Federico IIComplesso Universitario Monte Sant’AngeloNapoliItaly
| | - Urban Švajger
- Blood Transfusion Center of SloveniaLjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Ondřej Vaněk
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of ScienceCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Fumiichiro Yamamoto
- Immunohematology & Glycobiology LaboratoryJosep Carreras Leukaemia Research InstituteBadalonaSpain
| | - Barbara Richichi
- Department of Chemistry ‘Ugo Schiff’University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Sandra J. van Vliet
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and ImmunologyCancer Center AmsterdamAmsterdam Infection and Immunity InstituteAmsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit AmsterdamNetherlands
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10
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Nijmeijer BM, Langedijk CJM, Geijtenbeek TBH. Mucosal Dendritic Cell Subsets Control HIV-1's Viral Fitness. Annu Rev Virol 2021; 7:385-402. [PMID: 32991263 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-virology-020520-025625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC) subsets are abundantly present in genital and intestinal mucosal tissue and are among the first innate immune cells that encounter human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) after sexual contact. Although DCs have specific characteristics that greatly enhance HIV-1 transmission, it is becoming evident that most DC subsets also have virus restriction mechanisms that exert selective pressure on the viruses during sexual transmission. In this review we discuss the current concepts of the immediate events following viral exposure at genital mucosal sites that lead to selection of specific HIV-1 variants called transmitted founder (TF) viruses. We highlight the importance of the TF HIV-1 phenotype and the role of different DC subsets in establishing infection. Understanding the biology of HIV-1 transmission will contribute to the design of novel treatment strategies preventing HIV-1 dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadien M Nijmeijer
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Institute of Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Catharina J M Langedijk
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Institute of Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Teunis B H Geijtenbeek
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Institute of Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
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11
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Nagy NA, de Haas AM, Geijtenbeek TBH, van Ree R, Tas SW, van Kooyk Y, de Jong EC. Therapeutic Liposomal Vaccines for Dendritic Cell Activation or Tolerance. Front Immunol 2021; 12:674048. [PMID: 34054859 PMCID: PMC8155586 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.674048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are paramount in initiating and guiding immunity towards a state of activation or tolerance. This bidirectional capacity of DCs sets them at the center stage for treatment of cancer and autoimmune or allergic conditions. Accordingly, many clinical studies use ex vivo DC vaccination as a strategy to boost anti-tumor immunity or to suppress immunity by including vitamin D3, NF-κB inhibitors or retinoic acid to create tolerogenic DCs. As harvesting DCs from patients and differentiating these cells in vitro is a costly and cumbersome process, in vivo targeting of DCs has huge potential as nanoparticulate platforms equipped with activating or tolerogenic adjuvants can modulate DCs in their natural environment. There is a rapid expansion of the choices of nanoparticles and activation- or tolerance-promoting adjuvants for a therapeutic vaccine platform. In this review we highlight the most recent nanomedical approaches aimed at inducing immune activation or tolerance via targeting DCs, together with novel fundamental insights into the mechanisms inherent to fostering anti-tumor or tolerogenic immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémi Anna Nagy
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Aram M de Haas
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Teunis B H Geijtenbeek
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ronald van Ree
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sander W Tas
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Esther C de Jong
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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12
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Palmitoylated antigens for the induction of anti-tumor CD8 + T cells and enhanced tumor recognition. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2021; 21:315-328. [PMID: 34141869 PMCID: PMC8170356 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Induction of tumor-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T cells (CTLs) via immunization relies on the presentation of tumor-associated peptides in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules by dendritic cells (DCs). To achieve presentation of exogenous peptides into MHC class I, cytosolic processing and cross-presentation are required. Vaccination strategies aiming to induce tumor-specific CD8+ T cells via this exogenous route therefore pose a challenge. In this study, we describe improved CD8+ T cell induction and in vivo tumor suppression of mono-palmitic acid-modified (C16:0) antigenic peptides, which can be attributed to their unique processing route, efficient receptor-independent integration within lipid bilayers, and continuous intracellular accumulation and presentation through MHC class I. We propose that this membrane-integrating feature of palmitoylated peptides can be exploited as a tool for quick and efficient antigen enrichment and MHC class I loading. Importantly, both DCs and non-professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs), similar to tumor cells, facilitate anti-tumor immunity by efficient CTL priming via DCs and effective recognition of tumors through enhanced presentation of antigens.
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13
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Verhoef PA, Kannan S, Sturgill JL, Tucker EW, Morris PE, Miller AC, Sexton TR, Koyner JL, Hejal R, Brakenridge SC, Moldawer LL, Hotchkiss RS, Blood TM, Mazer MB, Bolesta S, Alexander SA, Armaignac DL, Shein SL, Jones C, Hoemann CD, Doctor A, Friess SH, Parker RI, Rotta AT, Remy KE. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Associated Coronavirus 2 Infection and Organ Dysfunction in the ICU: Opportunities for Translational Research. Crit Care Explor 2021; 3:e0374. [PMID: 33786450 PMCID: PMC7994036 DOI: 10.1097/cce.0000000000000374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Since the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, hundreds of thousands of patients have been treated in ICUs across the globe. The severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus 2 virus enters cells via the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor and activates several distinct inflammatory pathways, resulting in hematologic abnormalities and dysfunction in respiratory, cardiac, gastrointestinal renal, endocrine, dermatologic, and neurologic systems. This review summarizes the current state of research in coronavirus disease 2019 pathophysiology within the context of potential organ-based disease mechanisms and opportunities for translational research. DATA SOURCES Investigators from the Research Section of the Society of Critical Care Medicine were selected based on expertise in specific organ systems and research focus. Data were obtained from searches conducted in Medline via the PubMed portal, Directory of Open Access Journals, Excerpta Medica database, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, and Web of Science from an initial search from December 2019 to October 15, 2020, with a revised search to February 3, 2021. The medRxiv, Research Square, and clinical trial registries preprint servers also were searched to limit publication bias. STUDY SELECTION Content experts selected studies that included mechanism-based relevance to the severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus 2 virus or coronavirus disease 2019 disease. DATA EXTRACTION Not applicable. DATA SYNTHESIS Not applicable. CONCLUSIONS Efforts to improve the care of critically ill coronavirus disease 2019 patients should be centered on understanding how severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus 2 infection affects organ function. This review articulates specific targets for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip A Verhoef
- Department of Medicine, University of Hawaii-Manoa, Honolulu, HI
- Kaiser Permanente Hawaii, Honolulu, HI
| | - Sujatha Kannan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Pediatric Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jamie L Sturgill
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Elizabeth W Tucker
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Pediatric Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Peter E Morris
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Andrew C Miller
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Nazareth Hospital, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Travis R Sexton
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Kentucky-Lexington School of Medicine, The Gill Heart and Vascular Institute, Lexington, KY
| | - Jay L Koyner
- Section of Nephrology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Rana Hejal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Critical Care, Case Western School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Scott C Brakenridge
- Department of Surgery, Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - Lyle L Moldawer
- Department of Surgery, Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - Richard S Hotchkiss
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Surgery, St. Louis, Washington University School of Medicine, MO
| | - Teresa M Blood
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Monty B Mazer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Scott Bolesta
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Nesbitt School of Pharmacy, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, PA
| | | | | | - Steven L Shein
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH
| | - Christopher Jones
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Allan Doctor
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, The University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Stuart H Friess
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Robert I Parker
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology Hematology/Oncology, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Alexandre T Rotta
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Kenneth E Remy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
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14
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Stolk DA, de Haas A, Vree J, Duinkerken S, Lübbers J, van de Ven R, Ambrosini M, Kalay H, Bruijns S, van der Vliet HJ, de Gruijl TD, van Kooyk Y. Lipo-Based Vaccines as an Approach to Target Dendritic Cells for Induction of T- and iNKT Cell Responses. Front Immunol 2020; 11:990. [PMID: 32536918 PMCID: PMC7267035 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we developed a liposome-based vaccine containing palmitoylated synthetic long peptides (SLP) and alpha galactosylceramide (αGC) to specifically target dendritic cells (DC) for activation of both innate (invariant natural killer T-cells [iNKT]) and adaptive (CD8+ T-cells) players of the immune system. Combination of model tumor specific antigens (gp100/MART-1) formulated as a SLP and αGC in one liposome results in strong activation of CD8+ and iNKT, as measured by IFNγ secretion. Moreover, addition of lipo-Lewis Y (LeY) to the liposomes for C-type lectin targeting increased not only uptake by monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDC), dermal dendritic cells and Langerhans cells but also enhanced gp100-specific CD8+ T- and iNKT cell activation by human skin-emigrated antigen presenting cells in an ex vivo explant model. Loading of moDC with liposomes containing LeY also showed priming of MART-126−35L specific CD8+ T-cells. In conclusion, chemically linking a lipid tail to a glycan-based targeting moiety and SLP combined with αGC in one liposome allows for easy generation of vaccine formulations that target multiple skin DC subsets and induce tumor antigen specific CD8+ T- and iNKT cells. These liposomes present a new vaccination strategy against tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorian A Stolk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Aram de Haas
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jana Vree
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sanne Duinkerken
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joyce Lübbers
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rieneke van de Ven
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Martino Ambrosini
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hakan Kalay
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sven Bruijns
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hans J van der Vliet
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,LAVA Therapeutics, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Tanja D de Gruijl
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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15
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Glycan-Dependent and -Independent Dual Recognition between DC-SIGN and Type II Serine Protease MSPL/TMPRSS13 in Colorectal Cancer Cells. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10082687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A class of glycoproteins such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)/CEA-related cell adhesion molecule 1(CEACAM1), CD26 (DPPIV), and mac-2 binding protein (Mac-2BP) harbor tumor-associated glycans in colorectal cancer. In this study, we identified type II transmembrane mosaic serine protease large-form (MSPL) and its splice variant transmembrane protease serine 13 (TMPRSS13) as ligands of Dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) on the colorectal cancer cells. DC-SIGN is a C-type lectin expressed on dendritic cells, serves as a pattern recognition receptor for numerous pathogens such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and M. tuberculosis. DC-SIGN recognizes these glycoproteins in a Ca2+ dependent manner. Meanwhile, we found that MSPL proteolytically cleaves DC-SIGN in addition to the above glycan-mediated recognition. DC-SIGN was degraded more efficiently by MSPL when treated with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), suggesting that glycan-dependent interaction of the two molecules partially blocked DC-SIGN degradation. Our findings uncovered a dual recognition system between DC-SIGN and MSPL/TMPRSS13, providing new insight into the mechanism underlying colorectal tumor microenvironment.
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16
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Glycan-Modified Apoptotic Melanoma-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Antigen Source for Anti-Tumor Vaccination. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091266. [PMID: 31466401 PMCID: PMC6769957 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumors that lack T cell infiltration are less likely to respond to immune checkpoint inhibition and could benefit from cancer vaccination for the initiation of anti-tumor T cell responses. An attractive vaccine strategy is in vivo targeting of dendritic cells (DCs), key initiators of antigen-specific T cell responses. In this study we generated tumor-derived apoptotic extracellular vesicles (ApoEVs), which are potentially an abundant source of tumor-specific neo-antigens and other tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), and which can be manipulated to express DC-targeting ligands for efficient antigen delivery. Our data demonstrates that by specifically modifying the glycocalyx of tumor cells, high-mannose glycans can be expressed on their cell surface and on extracellular vesicles derived after the induction of apoptosis. High-mannose glycans are the natural ligands of dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN), a dendritic cell associated C-type lectin receptor (CLR), which has the ability to efficiently internalize its cargo and direct it to both major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I and MHC-II pathways for the induction of CD8+ and CD4+ T cell responses, respectively. Compared to unmodified ApoEVs, ApoEVs carrying DC-SIGN ligands are internalized to a higher extent, resulting in enhanced priming of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells. This approach thus presents a promising vaccination strategy in support of T cell-based immunotherapy of cancer.
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17
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Duinkerken S, Horrevorts SK, Kalay H, Ambrosini M, Rutte L, de Gruijl TD, Garcia-Vallejo JJ, van Kooyk Y. Glyco-Dendrimers as Intradermal Anti-Tumor Vaccine Targeting Multiple Skin DC Subsets. Theranostics 2019; 9:5797-5809. [PMID: 31534520 PMCID: PMC6735376 DOI: 10.7150/thno.35059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The human skin is an attractive anti-tumor vaccination site due to the vast network of dendritic cell (DC) subsets that carry antigens to the draining lymph nodes and stimulate tumor specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in. Specific vaccine delivery to skin DC can be accomplished by targeting glycan coated antigens to C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) such as DC-SIGN expressed by human dermal DCs and Langerin expressed by Langerhans cells (LCs), which facilitate endocytosis and processing for antigen presentation and T cell activation. Although there are multiple human skin DC subsets, targeting individual DC subsets and receptors has been a focus in the past. However, the simultaneous targeting of multiple human skin DC subsets that mobilize the majority of the skin antigen presenting cells (APC) is preferred to accomplish more robust and efficient T cell stimulation. Dual CLR targeting using a single tumor vaccine has been difficult, as we previously showed Langerin to favor binding and uptake of monovalent glyco-peptides whereas DC-SIGN favors binding of larger multivalent glyco-particles such as glyco-liposomes. Methods: We used branched polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers as scaffold for melanoma specific gp100 synthetic long peptides and the common DC-SIGN and Langerin ligand Lewis Y (LeY), to create multivalent glyco-dendrimers with varying molecular weights for investigating dual DC-SIGN and Langerin targeting. Using DC-SIGN+ monocyte derived DC (moDC) and Langerin+ primary LC we investigated glyco-dendrimer CLR targeting properties and subsequent gp100 specific CD8+ T cell activation in vitro. In situ targeting ability to human dermal DC and LC through intradermal injection in a human skin explant model was elucidated. Results: Dual DC-SIGN and Langerin binding was achieved using glyco-dendrimers of approximately 100kD, thereby fulfilling our criteria to simultaneously target LCs and CD1a+ and CD14+ dermal DC in situ. Both DC-SIGN and Langerin targeting by glyco-dendrimers resulted in enhanced internalization and gp100 specific CD8+ T cell activation. Conclusion: We designed the first glyco-vaccine with dual CLR targeting properties, thereby reaching multiple human skin DC subsets in situ for improved anti-tumor CD8+ T cell responses.
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18
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Dusoswa SA, Horrevorts SK, Ambrosini M, Kalay H, Paauw NJ, Nieuwland R, Pegtel MD, Würdinger T, Van Kooyk Y, Garcia-Vallejo JJ. Glycan modification of glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles enhances receptor-mediated targeting of dendritic cells. J Extracell Vesicles 2019; 8:1648995. [PMID: 31489145 PMCID: PMC6713149 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2019.1648995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumour for which total tumour lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination is currently under clinical evaluation. Glioblastoma extracellular vesicles (EVs) may represent an enriched cell-free source of tumour-associated (neo-) antigens to pulse dendritic cells (DCs) for the initiation of an anti-tumour immune response. Capture and uptake of EVs by DCs could occur in a receptor-mediated and presumably glycan-dependent way, yet the glycan composition of glioblastoma EVs is unknown. Here, we set out to characterize the glycocalyx composition of glioblastoma EVs by lectin-binding ELISA and comprehensive immunogold transmission electron microscopy (immuno-TEM). The surface glycan profile of human glioblastoma cell line-derived EVs (50-200 nm) was dominated by α-2,3- and α-2,6 linked sialic acid-capped complex N-glycans and bi-antennary N-glycans. Since sialic acids can trigger immune inhibitory sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec) receptors, we screened for Siglec ligands on the EVs. Glioblastoma EVs showed significant binding to Siglec-9, which is highly expressed on DCs. Surprisingly, however, glioblastoma EVs lack glycans that could bind Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN, CD209), a receptor that mediates uptake and induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation. Therefore, we explored whether modification of the EV glycan surface could reduce immune inhibitory Siglec binding, while enhancing EV internalization by DCs in a DC-SIGN dependent manner. Desialylation with a pan-sialic acid hydrolase led to reduction of sialic acid expression on EVs. Moreover, insertion of a high-affinity ligand (LewisY) for DC-SIGN resulted in a four-fold increase of uptake by monocyte-derived DCs. In conclusion, we show that the glycocalyx composition of EVs is a key factor of efficient DC targeting and that modification of the EV glycocalyx potentiates EVs as anti-cancer vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie A. Dusoswa
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sophie K. Horrevorts
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martino Ambrosini
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hakan Kalay
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nanne J. Paauw
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rienk Nieuwland
- Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry, and Vesicle Observation Centre, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel D. Pegtel
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Würdinger
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yvette Van Kooyk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Juan J. Garcia-Vallejo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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19
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Nijmeijer BM, Geijtenbeek TBH. Negative and Positive Selection Pressure During Sexual Transmission of Transmitted Founder HIV-1. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1599. [PMID: 31354736 PMCID: PMC6635476 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexual transmission of HIV-1 consists of processes that exert either positive or negative selection pressure on the virus. The sum of these selection pressures lead to the transmission of only one specific HIV-1 strain, termed the transmitted founder virus. Different dendritic cell subsets are abundantly present at mucosal sites and, interestingly, these DC subsets exert opposite pressure on viral selection during sexual transmission. In this review we describe receptors and cellular compartments in DCs that are involved in HIV-1 communication leading to either viral restriction by the host or further dissemination to establish a long-lived reservoir. We discuss the current understanding of host antiretroviral restriction factors against HIV-1 and specifically against the HIV-1 transmitted founder virus. We will also discuss potential clinical implications for exploiting these intrinsic restriction factors in developing novel therapeutic targets. A better understanding of these processes might help in developing strategies against HIV-1 infections by targeting dendritic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadien M Nijmeijer
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Teunis B H Geijtenbeek
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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20
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Chrisikos TT, Zhou Y, Slone N, Babcock R, Watowich SS, Li HS. Molecular regulation of dendritic cell development and function in homeostasis, inflammation, and cancer. Mol Immunol 2019; 110:24-39. [PMID: 29549977 PMCID: PMC6139080 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are the principal antigen-presenting cells of the immune system and play key roles in controlling immune tolerance and activation. As such, DCs are chief mediators of tumor immunity. DCs can regulate tolerogenic immune responses that facilitate unchecked tumor growth. Importantly, however, DCs also mediate immune-stimulatory activity that restrains tumor progression. For instance, emerging evidence indicates the cDC1 subset has important functions in delivering tumor antigens to lymph nodes and inducing antigen-specific lymphocyte responses to tumors. Moreover, DCs control specific therapeutic responses in cancer including those resulting from immune checkpoint blockade. DC generation and function is influenced profoundly by cytokines, as well as their intracellular signaling proteins including STAT transcription factors. Regardless, our understanding of DC regulation in the cytokine-rich tumor microenvironment is still developing and must be better defined to advance cancer treatment. Here, we review literature focused on the molecular control of DCs, with a particular emphasis on cytokine- and STAT-mediated DC regulation. In addition, we highlight recent studies that delineate the importance of DCs in anti-tumor immunity and immune therapy, with the overall goal of improving knowledge of tumor-associated factors and intrinsic DC signaling cascades that influence DC function in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor T Chrisikos
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yifan Zhou
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Natalie Slone
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Rachel Babcock
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Stephanie S Watowich
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Haiyan S Li
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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21
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Wamhoff EC, Schulze J, Bellmann L, Rentzsch M, Bachem G, Fuchsberger FF, Rademacher J, Hermann M, Del Frari B, van Dalen R, Hartmann D, van Sorge NM, Seitz O, Stoitzner P, Rademacher C. A Specific, Glycomimetic Langerin Ligand for Human Langerhans Cell Targeting. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2019; 5:808-820. [PMID: 31139717 PMCID: PMC6535779 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.9b00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Langerhans cells are a subset of dendritic cells residing in the epidermis of the human skin. As such, they are key mediators of immune regulation and have emerged as prime targets for novel transcutaneous cancer vaccines. Importantly, the induction of protective T cell immunity by these vaccines requires the efficient and specific delivery of both tumor-associated antigens and adjuvants. Langerhans cells uniquely express Langerin (CD207), an endocytic C-type lectin receptor. Here, we report the discovery of a specific, glycomimetic Langerin ligand employing a heparin-inspired design strategy and structural characterization by NMR spectroscopy and molecular docking. The conjugation of this glycomimetic to liposomes enabled the specific and efficient targeting of Langerhans cells in the human skin. We further demonstrate the doxorubicin-mediated killing of a Langerin+ monocyte cell line, highlighting its therapeutic and diagnostic potential in Langerhans cell histiocytosis, caused by the abnormal proliferation of Langerin+ myeloid progenitor cells. Overall, our delivery platform provides superior versatility over antibody-based approaches and novel modalities to overcome current limitations of dendritic cell-targeted immuno- and chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eike-Christian Wamhoff
- Department
of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Department
of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie
Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jessica Schulze
- Department
of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Department
of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie
Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lydia Bellmann
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Department of Anesthesiology
and Intensive Care Medicine, and Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and
Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of
Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mareike Rentzsch
- Department
of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Gunnar Bachem
- Department
of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität
zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix F. Fuchsberger
- Department
of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Medical
Microbiology, University Medical Center
Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Juliane Rademacher
- Department
of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Martin Hermann
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Department of Anesthesiology
and Intensive Care Medicine, and Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and
Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of
Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Barbara Del Frari
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Department of Anesthesiology
and Intensive Care Medicine, and Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and
Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of
Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rob van Dalen
- Medical
Microbiology, University Medical Center
Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - David Hartmann
- Department
of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Nina M. van Sorge
- Medical
Microbiology, University Medical Center
Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Oliver Seitz
- Department
of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität
zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrizia Stoitzner
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Department of Anesthesiology
and Intensive Care Medicine, and Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and
Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of
Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christoph Rademacher
- Department
of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute
of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
- Department
of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie
Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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22
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Ng S, Bennett NJ, Schulze J, Gao N, Rademacher C, Derda R. Genetically-encoded fragment-based discovery of glycopeptide ligands for DC-SIGN. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:5368-5377. [PMID: 30344001 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We have employed genetically-encoded fragment-based discovery to identify novel glycopeptides with affinity for the dendritic cell receptor DC-SIGN. Starting from libraries of 108 mannose-conjugated peptides, we identified glycopeptides that exhibited up to a 650-fold increase in multivalent binding affinity for DC-SIGN, which is also preserved in cells. Monovalently, our most potent glycopeptides have a similar potency to a Man3 oligosaccharide, representing a 15-fold increase in activity compared to mannose. These compounds represent the first examples of glycopeptide ligands that target the CRD of DC-SIGN. The natural framework of glycopeptide conjugates and the simplicity of orthogonal conjugation to make these glycopeptides anticipates a promising future for development of DC-SIGN-targeting moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Ng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | | | - Jessica Schulze
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam 14424, Germany
| | - Nan Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Christoph Rademacher
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam 14424, Germany
| | - Ratmir Derda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada.
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23
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Horrevorts SK, Duinkerken S, Bloem K, Secades P, Kalay H, Musters RJ, van Vliet SJ, García-Vallejo JJ, van Kooyk Y. Toll-Like Receptor 4 Triggering Promotes Cytosolic Routing of DC-SIGN-Targeted Antigens for Presentation on MHC Class I. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1231. [PMID: 29963041 PMCID: PMC6010527 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
DC-SIGN is an antigen uptake receptor expressed on dendritic cells (DCs) with specificity for glycans present on a broad variety of pathogens and is capable of directing its cargo to MHC-I and MHC-II pathways for the induction of CD8+ and CD4+ T cell responses, respectively. Therefore, DC-SIGN is a very promising target for the delivery of antigen for anti-cancer vaccination. Although the endocytic route leading to MHC-II presentation is characterized to a large extent, the mechanisms controlling DC-SIGN targeted cross-presentation of exogenous peptides on MHC-I, are not completely resolved yet. In this paper, we used imaging flow cytometry and antigen-specific CD8+ T cells to investigate the intracellular fate of DC-SIGN and its cargo in human DCs. Our data demonstrates that immature DCs and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) stimulated DCs had similar internalization capacity and were both able to cross-present antigen targeted via DC-SIGN. Interestingly, simultaneous triggering of TLR4 and DC-SIGN on DCs resulted in the translocation of cargo to the cytosol, leading to proteasome-dependent processing and increased CD8+ T cell activation. Understanding the dynamics of DC-SIGN-mediated uptake and processing is essential for the design of optimal DC-SIGN-targeting vaccination strategies aimed at enhancing CD8+ T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie K Horrevorts
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sanne Duinkerken
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Karien Bloem
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Centre for Specialized Nutrition, Danone Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Pablo Secades
- Division of Cell Biology, Dutch Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hakan Kalay
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - René J Musters
- Department of Physiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sandra J van Vliet
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Juan J García-Vallejo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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24
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Schetters STT, Kruijssen LJW, Crommentuijn MHW, Kalay H, Ochando J, den Haan JMM, Garcia-Vallejo JJ, van Kooyk Y. Mouse DC-SIGN/CD209a as Target for Antigen Delivery and Adaptive Immunity. Front Immunol 2018; 9:990. [PMID: 29867967 PMCID: PMC5949514 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of vaccination studies aimed at targeting antigens to human DC-SIGN (hDC-SIGN) have been notoriously difficult to study in vivo, as eight dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3 grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN) homologs have been described in mice. CD209a/SIGNR5 has been coined as the mouse DC-SIGN (mDC-SIGN) ortholog, based on its expression and location in the genome. Nonetheless, which properties of hDC-SIGN are covered by mDC-SIGN is poorly investigated. One of the most important functions of DC-SIGN is the induction of adaptive immunity. As such, the aim of this study is to determine the capability of mDC-SIGN to induce adaptive immune responses. Here, we show that mDC-SIGN is expressed on GM-CSF cultured bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) and macrophages. However, mDC-SIGN is an internalizing receptor which, unlike hDC-SIGN, quickly resurfaces after internalization. Binding of OVA-coupled anti-mDC-SIGN antibody by BMDCs leads to quick internalization, processing, and presentation to antigen-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, which can be boosted using the TLR4 ligand, monophosphoryl lipid A. In the homeostatic condition, mDC-SIGN is mostly expressed on myeloid cells in the skin and spleen. A subcutaneous injection of fluorescent anti-mDC-SIGN reveals specific targeting to mDC-SIGN+ skin dendritic cells (DCs) and monocyte-derived DCs in situ. A subcutaneous vaccination strategy containing OVA-coupled anti-mDC-SIGN antibody generated antigen-specific polyfunctional CD8+ T cell and CD4+ T cell responses and a strong isotype-switched OVA-specific antibody response in vivo. We conclude that mDC-SIGN shows partly overlapping similarities to hDC-SIGN and that targeting mDC-SIGN provides a valuable approach to investigate the immunological function of DC-SIGN in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjoerd T T Schetters
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Laura J W Kruijssen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Matheus H W Crommentuijn
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hakan Kalay
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jordi Ochando
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Immunología de Trasplantes, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joke M M den Haan
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Juan J Garcia-Vallejo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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25
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Abstract
Antigen cross-presentation is an adaptation of the cellular process of loading MHC-I molecules with endogenous peptides during their biosynthesis within the endoplasmic reticulum. Cross-presented peptides derive from internalized proteins, microbial pathogens, and transformed or dying cells. The physical separation of internalized cargo from the endoplasmic reticulum, where the machinery for assembling peptide-MHC-I complexes resides, poses a challenge. To solve this problem, deliberate rewiring of organelle communication within cells is necessary to prepare for cross-presentation, and different endocytic receptors and vesicular traffic patterns customize the emergent cross-presentation compartment to the nature of the peptide source. Three distinct pathways of vesicular traffic converge to form the ideal cross-presentation compartment, each regulated differently to supply a unique component that enables cross-presentation of a diverse repertoire of peptides. Delivery of centerpiece MHC-I molecules is the critical step regulated by microbe-sensitive Toll-like receptors. Defining the subcellular sources of MHC-I and identifying sites of peptide loading during cross-presentation remain key challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Magarian Blander
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; .,Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
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26
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van Dinther D, Stolk DA, van de Ven R, van Kooyk Y, de Gruijl TD, den Haan JMM. Targeting C-type lectin receptors: a high-carbohydrate diet for dendritic cells to improve cancer vaccines. J Leukoc Biol 2017; 102:1017-1034. [PMID: 28729358 PMCID: PMC5597514 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.5mr0217-059rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a growing understanding of why certain patients do or do not respond to checkpoint inhibition therapy. This opens new opportunities to reconsider and redevelop vaccine strategies to prime an anticancer immune response. Combination of such vaccines with checkpoint inhibitors will both provide the fuel and release the brake for an efficient anticancer response. Here, we discuss vaccine strategies that use C-type lectin receptor (CLR) targeting of APCs, such as dendritic cells and macrophages. APCs are a necessity for the priming of antigen-specific cytotoxic and helper T cells. Because CLRs are natural carbohydrate-recognition receptors highly expressed by multiple subsets of APCs and involved in uptake and processing of Ags for presentation, these receptors seem particularly interesting for targeting purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieke van Dinther
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and
| | - Dorian A Stolk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and
| | - Rieneke van de Ven
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and
| | - Tanja D de Gruijl
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joke M M den Haan
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and
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27
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Mahnke K, Ring S, Enk AH. Antibody Targeting of "Steady-State" Dendritic Cells Induces Tolerance Mediated by Regulatory T Cells. Front Immunol 2016; 7:63. [PMID: 26941742 PMCID: PMC4763042 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are often defined as pivotal inducers of immunity, but these proinflammatory properties only develop after stimulation or ex vivo manipulation of DCs. Under non-inflammatory conditions in vivo, DCs are embedded into a tissue environment and encounter a plethora of self-antigens derived from apoptotic material. This material is transported to secondary lymphoid organs. As DCs maintain their non-activated phenotype in a sterile tissue environment, interaction with T cells will induce rather regulatory T cells than effector T cells. Thus, DCs are not only inducers of immunity but are also critical for maintenance of peripheral tolerance. Therapeutically, intervention for the induction of long-lasting tolerance in several autoimmune conditions may therefore be possible by manipulating DC activation and/or targeting of DCs in their “natural” tissue environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsten Mahnke
- University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Sabine Ring
- University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Alexander H Enk
- University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany
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28
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Restuccia A, Fettis MM, Hudalla GA. Glycomaterials for immunomodulation, immunotherapy, and infection prophylaxis. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:1569-1585. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb01780g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic carbohydrate-modified materials that can engage the innate and adaptive immune systems are receiving increasing interest to confer protection against onset of future disease, such as pathogen infection, as well as to treat established diseases, such as autoimmunity and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Restuccia
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering
- University of Florida
- Gainesville
- USA
| | - Margaret M. Fettis
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering
- University of Florida
- Gainesville
- USA
| | - Gregory A. Hudalla
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering
- University of Florida
- Gainesville
- USA
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29
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Phenotypic and Functional Properties of Human Steady State CD14+ and CD1a+ Antigen Presenting Cells and Epidermal Langerhans Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143519. [PMID: 26605924 PMCID: PMC4659545 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous antigen presenting cells (APCs) are critical for the induction and regulation of skin immune responses. The human skin contains phenotypically and functionally distinct APCs subsets that are present at two separated locations. While CD1ahigh LCs form a dense network in the epidermis, the CD14+ and CD1a+ APCs reside in the dermal compartment. A better understanding of the biology of human skin APC subsets is necessary for the improvement of vaccine strategies that use the skin as administration route. In particular, progress in the characterization of uptake and activatory receptors will certainly improve APC-targeting strategies in vaccination. Here we performed a detailed analysis of the expression and function of glycan-binding and pattern-recognition receptors in skin APC subsets. The results demonstrate that under steady state conditions human CD1a+ dermal dendritic cells (DCs) were phenotypically most mature as measured by the expression of CD83 and CD86, whereas the CD14+ cells showed a higher expression of the CLRs DC-SIGN, mannose receptor and DCIR and had potent antigen uptake capacity. Furthermore, steady state LCs showed superior antigen cross-presentation as compared to the dermal APC subsets. Our results also demonstrate that the TLR3 ligand polyribosinic-polyribocytidylic acid (pI:C) was the most potent stimulator of cytokine production by both LCs and dDCs. These studies warrant further exploration of human CD1a+ dDCs and LCs as target cells for cancer vaccination to induce anti-tumor immune responses.
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30
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Leleux J, Atalis A, Roy K. Engineering immunity: Modulating dendritic cell subsets and lymph node response to direct immune-polarization and vaccine efficacy. J Control Release 2015; 219:610-621. [PMID: 26489733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
While successful vaccines have been developed against many pathogens, there are still many diseases and pathogenic infections that are highly evasive to current vaccination strategies. Thus, more sophisticated approaches to control the type and quality of vaccine-induced immune response must be developed. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the sentinels of the body and play a critical role in immune response generation and direction by bridging innate and adaptive immunity. It is now well recognized that DCs can be separated into many subgroups, each of which has a unique function. Better understanding of how various DC subsets, in lymphoid organs and in the periphery, can be targeted through controlled delivery; and how these subsets modulate and control the resulting immune response could greatly enhance our ability to develop new, effective vaccines against complex diseases. In this review, we provide an overview of DC subset biology and discuss current immunotherapeutic strategies that utilize DC targeting to modulate and control immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jardin Leleux
- The Wallace H. Coulter Dept. of Biomedical Engineering at Georgia Tech and Emory University and The Center for Immunoengineering at Georgia Tech, The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States
| | - Alexandra Atalis
- The Wallace H. Coulter Dept. of Biomedical Engineering at Georgia Tech and Emory University and The Center for Immunoengineering at Georgia Tech, The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States
| | - Krishnendu Roy
- The Wallace H. Coulter Dept. of Biomedical Engineering at Georgia Tech and Emory University and The Center for Immunoengineering at Georgia Tech, The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States.
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