1
|
Lam G, Noirez P, Djemai H, Youssef L, Blanc E, Audouze K, Kim MJ, Coumoul X, Li SFY. The effects of pollutant mixture released from grafted adipose tissues on fatty acid and lipid metabolism in the skeletal muscles, kidney, heart, and lungs of male mice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122387. [PMID: 37591324 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) accumulated in the adipose tissue can affect the fatty acid and lipid metabolism in the body. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) metabolomics analysis was carried out to study the metabolic changes induced by internal exposure to the POPs in mouse skeletal muscle (soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius), kidney, heart, and lungs. Male donor mice were injected with a mixture of 10 POPs at concentrations of 0 × and 5 × lowest-observed-adverse-effect level (LOAEL). Their adipose tissue (AT) containing the POP was then grafted onto the host mice and the metabolic change of the host mice was monitored for 3 or 21 days. The metabolites related to fatty acid and lipid metabolism were studied. For the host mice engrafted with POP-containing fat pad, there was dysregulation of the fatty acids and glycerides observed in all the organs studied 3 days after the graft. However, there was no longer a significant change in the metabolites 21 days after the graft. The difference in significant values and metabolite regulation in each of the skeletal muscles showed that the POP mixture affects different types of skeletal muscle in a heterogeneous manner. Fold change analysis showed that certain metabolites in the kidney of host mice exposed to POPs for 3 days were greatly affected. Using multivariate analysis, apart from the plantaris, most treated groups exposed to POPs for 3 days are well distinguished from the control groups. However, for host mice exposed to POPs for 21 days, apart from the kidney and heart, groups are not well-distinguished from the control group. This study helps bring new insight into the effects of the pollutants mixture released from AT on fatty acid and lipid metabolism at different periods and how the dysregulation of metabolites might result in diseases associated with the organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gideon Lam
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Phillipe Noirez
- Université Paris Cité, 45 Rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France; UMR-S1124, Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherché Médicale (Inserm), T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Paris, France; PSMS, Performance Santé Métrologie Société, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Haidar Djemai
- Université Paris Cité, 45 Rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France; UMR-S1124, Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherché Médicale (Inserm), T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Paris, France
| | - Layale Youssef
- Université Paris Cité, 45 Rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France; UMR-S1124, Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherché Médicale (Inserm), T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Paris, France
| | - Etienne Blanc
- Université Paris Cité, 45 Rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France; UMR-S1124, Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherché Médicale (Inserm), T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Paris, France
| | - Karine Audouze
- Université Paris Cité, 45 Rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France; UMR-S1124, Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherché Médicale (Inserm), T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Paris, France
| | - Min Ji Kim
- UMR-S1124, Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherché Médicale (Inserm), T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Paris, France; Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - Xavier Coumoul
- Université Paris Cité, 45 Rue des Saints-Pères, 75006, Paris, France; UMR-S1124, Institut National de La Santé et de La Recherché Médicale (Inserm), T3S, Toxicologie Environnementale, Cibles Thérapeutiques, Signalisation Cellulaire et Biomarqueurs, Paris, France
| | - Sam Fong Yau Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang A, Zhang T, Li J, Wang W, Xu C, Duan H, Tian X, Zhang D. Genetic and Environmental Correlation Analysis of Serum Creatinine Levels in Chinese Twins. Twin Res Hum Genet 2023; 26:219-222. [PMID: 37170793 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2023.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Almost all creatinine is excreted by the kidney in individuals. Serum creatinine concentration, a widely used renal function index in clinical practice, can be affected by both genetic and environmental factors, as evidenced by current research exploring the relationship between these factors and kidney function. However, few studies have explored the heritability of serum creatinine in Asian populations. Therefore, we explored the genetic and environmental factors that affect the serum creatinine level in Asian populations. Participants in this study came from the Qingdao Twin Registry in China, and 374 pairs of twins were included, of which 139 pairs were dizygotic twins, whose ages ranged from 40 to 80 years old, and the serum creatinine level ranged from 10 to 126 μmol/L. Structural equation models were constructed using Mx software to calculate heritability, with adjusted covariates being age, sex, and body mass index. The results of heritability analysis showed that ACE was the best fit model. Serum creatinine level is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. The result of heritability was 35.44%, and the influence of shared environmental factors accounted for 52.13%. This study provided the relevant basis for future research on genetic and environmental factors affecting serum creatinine levels in Asian populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anni Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tianhao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jingxian Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Weijing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chunsheng Xu
- Qingdao Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Haiping Duan
- Qingdao Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaocao Tian
- Qingdao Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Dongfeng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Huang W, Cao G, Deng C, Chen Y, Wang T, Chen D, Cai Z. Adverse effects of triclosan on kidney in mice: Implication of lipid metabolism disorders. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 124:481-490. [PMID: 36182156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) is a ubiquitous antimicrobial used in daily consumer products. Previous reports have shown that TCS could induce hepatotoxicity, endocrine disruption, disturbance on immune function and impaired thyroid function. Kidney is critical in the elimination of toxins, while the effects of TCS on kidney have not yet been well-characterized. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of TCS exposure on kidney function and the possible underlying mechanisms in mice. Male C57BL/6 mice were orally exposed to TCS with the doses of 10 and 100 mg/(kg•day) for 13 weeks. TCS was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and diluted by corn oil for exposure. Corn oil containing DMSO was used as vehicle control. Serum and kidney tissues were collected for study. Biomarkers associated with kidney function, oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis were assessed. Our results showed that TCS could cause renal injury as was revealed by increased levels of renal function markers including serum creatinine, urea nitrogen and uric acid, as well as increased oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines and fibrotic markers in a dose dependent manner, which were more significantly in 100 mg/(kg•day) group. Mass spectrometry-based analysis of metabolites related with lipid metabolism demonstrated the occurrence of lipid accumulation and defective fatty acid oxidation in 100 mg/(kg•day) TCS-exposed mouse kidney. These processes might lead to lipotoxicity and energy depletion, thus resulting in kidney fibrosis and functional decline. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that TCS could induce lipid accumulation and fatty acid metabolism disturbance in mouse kidney, which might contribute to renal function impairment. The present study further widens our insights into the adverse effects of TCS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China; School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Guodong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Chengliang Deng
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yanyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China; Analysis Center, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Da Chen
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ruczyńska W, Szlinder-Richert J, Meissner W, Ożarowska A, Zaniewicz G. Occurrence and tissue distribution of alkylphenols (APs) in selected waterbirds from the Southern Baltic. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135191. [PMID: 35690171 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the concentrations of nonylphenols (NPs) and 4-t-octylphenol (4tOP) in the muscles, liver, and kidneys of selected waterbird species. Three species with different feeding habits were selected, i.e., greater scaup (Aythya marila), great crested grebe (Podiceps cristatus), and great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) to investigate the potential effects of diet on the level of contaminants tested. The determination and quantification of analytes were performed using gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (GC-MS). The highest NP concentrations were noted in the kidneys of greater scaups and great crested grebes (208.3 and 160.8 μg kg-1 ww, resp.), which were six to fourteen-fold higher than those in the muscles (15.0 and 25.6 μg kg-1 ww, resp.) and livers (22.9 and 13.8 μg kg-1 ww, resp.) of these species. In greater scaups, the mean concentration of NPs in the livers was lower than in the muscles, while in great crested grebes, it was the opposite and higher concentrations were noted in the muscles. The mean concentrations of NPs in the muscles and livers of great cormorants were at similarly low levels (12.5 and 9.7 μg kg-1 ww, resp.). The concentrations of 4tOP in all samples were low, ranging from <LOQ to 0.29 μg kg-1 ww. The results of our study indicated that sex and diet did not affect the NP tissue concentrations in different waterbird species, but the phenological period (migration vs breeding) might influence the contamination levels in the kidneys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wiesława Ruczyńska
- National Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kołłątaja 1, 81-332, Gdynia, Poland.
| | | | - Włodzimierz Meissner
- Ornithology Unit, Department of Vertebrate Ecology and Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Ożarowska
- Ornithology Unit, Department of Vertebrate Ecology and Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Zaniewicz
- Ornithology Unit, Department of Vertebrate Ecology and Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bhaskar N, Sarkar D, Basu B. Probing Cytocompatibility, Hemocompatibility, and Quantitative Inflammatory Response in Mus musculus toward Oxide Bioceramic Wear Particulates and a Comparison with CoCr. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:3194-3210. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nitu Bhaskar
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India
| | - Debasish Sarkar
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha 769004, India
| | - Bikramjit Basu
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India
- Center for Biosystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Melkonian SC, Daniel CR, Ye Y, Tannir NM, Karam JA, Matin SF, Wood CG, Wu X. Gene-environment interaction of genome-wide association study-identified susceptibility loci and meat-cooking mutagens in the etiology of renal cell carcinoma. Cancer 2015; 122:108-15. [PMID: 26551148 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.29543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meat-cooking mutagens may be associated with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) risk. In the current study, the authors examined associations between meat-cooking mutagens, genetic susceptibility variants, and risk of RCC. METHODS The authors used 659 newly diagnosed RCC cases and 699 healthy controls to investigate the association between dietary intake of meat-cooking mutagens and RCC. They examined whether associations varied by risk factors for RCC and genetic susceptibility variants previously identified from genome-wide association studies. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using tertiles of intake of dietary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons/heterocyclic amines. RESULTS Dietary intake of the mutagenic compounds 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo-(4,5-f) quinoxaline (MeIQx) and 2-amino-1 methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine (PhIP) were found to be significantly associated with an increased risk of RCC (odds ratios across tertiles: 1.00 [referent], 1.28 [95% confidence interval, 0.94-1.74], and 1.95 [95% confidence interval, 1.43-2.66] [P for trend <.001], respectively; and 1.00 [referent], 1.41 [95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.90], and 1.54 [95% confidence interval, 1.14-2.07] [P for trend =.02], respectively). The authors observed evidence of interactions between PhIP and RCC susceptibility variants in 2 genes: inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor, type 2 (ITPR2) (rs718314; multiplicative P for interaction = .03 and additive P for interaction =.002) and endothelial PAS domain-containing protein 1 (EPAS1) (rs7579899; additive P for interaction =.06). CONCLUSIONS The intake of meat may increase the risk of RCC through mechanisms related to the cooking compounds MeIQx and PhIP. These associations may be modified by genetic susceptibility to RCC. Further research is necessary to understand the biological mechanisms underlying these interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie C Melkonian
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Carrie R Daniel
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yuanqing Ye
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Nizar M Tannir
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jose A Karam
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Surena F Matin
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Christopher G Wood
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Raucy JL, Ingelman-Sundberg M, Carpenter S, Rannug A, Rane A, Franklin M, Romkes M. Drug metabolizing enzymes in lymphocytes. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2000; 13:223-6. [PMID: 10098909 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0461(1999)13:3/4<223::aid-jbt14>3.0.co;2-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J L Raucy
- The Agouron Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lu R, Chan BS, Schuster VL. Cloning of the human kidney PAH transporter: narrow substrate specificity and regulation by protein kinase C. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY 1999; 276:F295-303. [PMID: 9950961 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.1999.276.2.f295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Conserved from fish to mammals, renal proximal tubule organic anion secretion plays an important role in drug and xenobiotic elimination. Studies with the model substrate p-aminohippurate (PAH) have suggested that a basolateral PAH/alpha-ketoglutarate exchanger imports diverse organic substrates into the proximal tubule prior to apical secretion. cDNAs encoding PAH transporters have been cloned recently from rat and flounder. Here we report the cloning of a highly similar human PAH transporter (hPAHT) from human kidney. By Northern blot analysis and EST database searching, hPAHT mRNA was detected in kidney and brain. PCR-based monochromosomal somatic cell hybrid mapping placed the hPAHT gene on chromosome 11. When expressed transiently in vitro, hPAHT catalyzed time-dependent and saturable [3H]PAH uptake (Km of approximately 5 microM). Preincubation with unlabeled alpha-ketoglutaric or with glutaric acid stimulated tracer PAH uptake, and preincubation with unlabeled PAH stimulated tracer alpha-ketoglutarate uptake, results that are consistent with PAH/alpha-ketoglutarate exchange. Several structurally diverse organic anions cis-inhibited PAH uptake. Like rat OAT1 organic anion transporter, hPAHT was inhibited by furosemide, indomethacin, probenecid, and alpha-ketoglutarate. Unlike OAT1, hPAHT was not inhibited by prostaglandins or methotrexate (MTX). Moreover, tracer PGE2 and MTX were not transported, indicating that the substrate specificity for transport by hPAHT is not broad. PAH uptake was inhibited by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) in a dose- and time-dependent fashion, but not by the inactive 4alpha-phorbol-12,13 didecanoate. PMA-induced inhibition was blocked by staurosporine. Thus the protein kinase C-mediated inhibition of basolateral organic anion entry previously reported in intact tubules is likely due, at least in part, to direct modulation of the PAH/alpha-ketoglutarate exchanger.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Lu
- Departments of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
The nonnarcotic analgesics have been implicated as a significant cause of chronic renal failure worldwide. Epidemiologic studies of habitual abuse and necropsy studies show a strong relationship between the two. Animal studies designed to elucidate underlying mechanisms have been hampered because the lesion occurs infrequently and only after very high doses are given for prolonged periods; however, the Fischer 344 and Wistar rats appear to be more sensitive, and substantial new information should be forthcoming. In this review, some of the evidence for the possible mechanisms of papillary necrosis are presented: prostaglandin inhibition, reduction or redistribution of renal blood flow, direct cellular injury, free radical formation, and immunologic injury. At present, most data support prostaglandin inhibition and reduction or redistribution of renal blood flow, but direct cellular injury also appears to be very important.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Sabatini
- Department of Physiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, 79430, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sabatini S. The analgesic agents and renal disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1989; 252:199-214. [PMID: 2675551 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-8953-8_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Sabatini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock 79430
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Beuter W, Cojocel C, Müller W, Donaubauer HH, Mayer D. Dichlorovinylcysteine-Induced Nephrotoxicity: Role of Peroxidative Injury. Arch Toxicol 1988. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-73113-6_33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
12
|
Abstract
Renal disease will perturb the disposition of drugs that primarily depend upon renal excretory function for elimination. While changes in drug half-life (T1/2) are often cited as evidence of altered drug disposition, it must be remembered that T1/2 is a dependent variable whose magnitude varies directly with volume of distribution (Vd) and indirectly with total body clearance (ClT). ClT is the one term that succinctly describes drug elimination. ClT is defined as the sum of the renal (ClR) and nonrenal (ClNR), or metabolic, clearances of a drug. Renal failure has been shown to alter the hepatic microsomal mixed-function oxidase system of drug metabolizing enzymes. Therefore, in end-stage renal failure, the potential exists for the modification of the disposition of drugs whose elimination is primarily hepatic. The kidneys themselves contain many of the enzymes important in hepatic drug metabolism. Drugs such as morphine, paracetamol, and p-aminobenzoic acid are metabolized in the kidney and experimental renal disease has been shown to reduce drug metabolism in the diseased kidney compared with the contralateral normal kidney. Renal disease, then, has the potential to alter not only the renal clearance of unchanged drug but also may substantially modify the metabolic transformation of drugs in both the liver and the kidneys. It can no longer be assumed that the pharmacokinetics of drugs that are disposed mainly by metabolism will be unaltered in renal failure.
Collapse
|
13
|
Kyle ME, Kocsis JJ. The effect of mixed function oxidase induction and inhibition on salicylate-induced nephrotoxicity in male rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1986; 84:241-9. [PMID: 3715872 DOI: 10.1016/0041-008x(86)90131-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A previous study in this laboratory demonstrated that greater nephrotoxicity was induced by 500 mg/kg [14C]salicylate in 12-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats than in 3-month-old animals, and the increased nephrotoxicity was correlated with greatly increased binding of radioactivity to the renal mitochondria in the older rats. To determine the role of reactive intermediate generation in salicylate-induced nephrotoxicity, male Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated with piperonyl butoxide, phenobarbital, or Aroclor prior to the administration of 500 mg/kg [14C]salicylate. In the kidneys of rats pretreated with only corn oil, mitochondrial macromolecules contained 57% of the total covalently bound radioactivity while in the livers of these same animals, microsomes contained most (52%) of the bound radioactivity. Pretreatment with piperonyl butoxide, an inhibitor of mixed function oxidase activity, decreased (a) salicylate-induced nephrotoxicity; (b) the covalent binding of [14C]salicylate equivalents to renal mitochondria; and (c) the formation of the 2,3- and 2,5-dihydroxybenoic acid metabolites of salicylate. Pretreatment with phenobarbital and Aroclor, inducers of hepatic P-450, on the other hand, had no effect on salicylate-induced nephrotoxicity nor on the covalent binding of [14C]salicylate equivalents to renal mitochondria. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that salicylate is metabolized to reactive intermediates that irreversibly bind to renal mitochondria and lead to salicylate-induced nephrotoxicity.
Collapse
|
14
|
Rankin GO, Yang DJ, Cressey-Veneziano K, Casto S, Wang RT, Brown PI. In vivo and in vitro nephrotoxicity of aniline and its monochlorophenyl derivatives in the Fischer 344 rat. Toxicology 1986; 38:269-83. [PMID: 3952755 DOI: 10.1016/0300-483x(86)90143-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Aniline (A) and its monochlorophenyl derivatives (2-CA, 3-CA and 4-CA) are widely-used chemical intermediates. In the present study, the in vivo and in vitro nephrotoxic potential of these compounds was assessed in Fischer 344 rats. In the in vivo experiments, rats were administered a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of an aniline (0.4, 1.0 or 1.5 mmol/kg) or 0.9% saline (2.0 ml/kg, i.p.), and renal function monitored at 24 and 48 h. 2-CA was the only compound tested which decreased urine volume, elevated the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration and depressed both basal and lactatestimulated p-aminohippurate (PAH) accumulation by renal cortical slices at the 1.0 mmol/ kg dose. Similar results were produced following 3- and 4-CA administration, but these compounds required a dose of 1.5 mmol/kg. Aniline had little effect on renal function at the doses used in this study. In the in vitro experiments, 2-CA (10(-4) M or greater) depressed basal PAH accumulation. Tetraethylammonium (TEA) uptake was decreased by all compounds with an incubate concentration of the aniline at 10(-3) M. Lactatestimulated PAH uptake was not decreased by any test compound. These results indicate that chlorine substitution on the phenyl ring of aniline enhances nephrotoxic potential, and that 2-substitution produces the greatest increase.
Collapse
|
15
|
Bach PH, Bridges JW. Chemically induced renal papillary necrosis and upper urothelial carcinoma. Part 1. Crit Rev Toxicol 1985; 15:217-329. [PMID: 3933914 DOI: 10.3109/10408448509089854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In the past, renal papillary necrosis (RPN) has been commonly associated with long-term abusive analgesic intake, but over recent years a wide variety of industrially and therapeutically used chemicals have been shown to induce this lesion experimentally or in man. Destruction of the renal papilla may result in: (1) secondary degenerative cortical changes which precede chronic renal failure or (2) a rapidly metastasizing upper urothelial carcinoma, which has a very poor prognosis. This article will briefly review the published data on the morphology, function, and biochemistry of the normal renal medulla and the pathology associated with RPN, together with the secondary changes which give rise to cortical degeneration or epithelial carcinoma. It will then examine in detail those chemicals which have been reported to cause RPN in an attempt to delineate structure-activity relationships. Finally, the many different theories that have been proposed to explain the pathophysiology of RPN will be examined and an hypothesis will be put forward to explain the primary pathogenesis of the lesion and its secondary consequences.
Collapse
|
16
|
Bach PH, Bridges JW. Chemically induced renal papillary necrosis and upper urothelial carcinoma. Part 2. CRC CRITICAL REVIEWS IN TOXICOLOGY 1985; 15:331-441. [PMID: 3935375 DOI: 10.3109/10408448509056267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In the past, renal papillary necrosis (RPN) has been commonly associated with long-term abusive analgesic intake, but over recent years a wide variety of industrially and therapeutically used chemicals have been shown to induce this lesion experimentally or in man. Destruction of the renal papilla may result in: (1) secondary degenerative cortical changes which precede chronic renal failure or (2) a rapidly metastasizing upper urothelial carcinoma, which has a very poor prognosis. This article will briefly review the published data on the morphology, function, and biochemistry of the normal renal medulla and the pathology associated with RPN, together with the secondary changes which give rise to cortical degeneration or epithelial carcinoma. It will then examine in detail those chemicals which have been reported to cause RPN in an attempt to delineate structure-activity relationships. Finally, the many different theories that have been proposed to explain the pathophysiology of RPN will be examined and an hypothesis will be put forward to explain the primary pathogenesis of the lesion and its secondary consequences.
Collapse
|
17
|
Krijgsheld KR, Gram TE. Selective induction of renal microsomal cytochrome P-450-linked monooxygenases by 1,1-dichloroethylene in mice. Biochem Pharmacol 1984; 33:1951-6. [PMID: 6610421 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(84)90554-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Intraperitoneal administration of a single dose of 1,1-dichloroethylene (DCE) to C57 B1/6N mice (125 mg/kg) caused a selective 6- to 10-fold increase in renal microsomal 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase ( EROD ) and 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase ( ECOD ), without affecting benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase activity (AHH) or total microsomal cytochrome P-450 content. The observed increases did not result from in vitro activation of the enzymes or from any analytical artifact. Moreover, studies with actinomycin D and cycloheximide demonstrated that the increases resulted from de novo enzyme synthesis. Maximal enzyme induction was observed after a DCE dose of approximately 125 mg/kg, and the induced enzyme decayed rapidly, returning to control levels in about 3 days. Compared to female mice, male mice had higher basal levels of renal EROD and ECOD and were more responsive to the inductive effects of DCE; this correlated with corresponding differences in microsomal cytochrome P-450 levels. Starvation of mice for 24 or 48 hr increased renal EROD and ECOD activities in both male and female mice, but not the extent observed after DCE. The present results support the view of multiple renal cytochrome P-450 isozymes.
Collapse
|
18
|
Cojocel C, Maita K, Pasino DA, Kuo CH, Hook JB. Metabolic heterogeneity of the proximal and distal kidney tubules. Life Sci 1983; 33:855-61. [PMID: 6604212 DOI: 10.1016/0024-3205(83)90624-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Proximal and distal tubule suspensions were prepared from kidneys of Sprague-Dawley rats by an isolation procedure on a Percoll gradient. The marker enzymes alkaline phosphatase (brush border) and hexokinase (cytoplasmic) as well as p-aminohippurate transport capacity, gluconeogenic activity and electron microscopy were used to characterize the two kidney tubule suspensions. The results of this study indicate that cytochrome P-450 is localized to the proximal tubular cells and that the O-deethylation of 7-ethoxycoumarin was higher in the proximal than distal fraction. Both proximal and distal tubules showed glucuronidation and deacetylation capacities and a relatively equal distribution of non-protein sulfhydryls. These studies demonstrate metabolic heterogeneity of the nephron, the proximal tubule being the main site of renal xenobiotic metabolism. Understanding of metabolic heterogeneity of proximal and distal kidney tubules should provide important information regarding cell specific mechanisms of nephrotoxicity.
Collapse
|
19
|
Rush GF, Adler VL, Hook JB. The effect of ethanol administration on renal and hepatic mixed-function oxidases in the Fischer 344 rat. Toxicol Lett 1982; 12:265-71. [PMID: 7135425 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4274(82)90250-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Administration of ethanol in the drinking water increases hepatic cytochrome P-450 content and xenobiotic metabolism. However, the effect on renal xenobiotic metabolism has not been investigated. Chronic consumption of ethanol (15% solution in the drinking water) increased hepatic cytochrome P-450 content as well as ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase, aniline hydroxylase and benzphetamine-N-demethylase activities. No change in renal cytochrome P-450 was detected after chronic ethanol consumption whereas ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase activity in renal microsomes was significantly increased.
Collapse
|