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Holliday MW, Majeti RN, Sheikh-Hamad D. Chronic Interstitial Nephritis in Agricultural Communities: Observational and Mechanistic Evidence Supporting the Role of Nephrotoxic Agrochemicals. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2024; 19:538-545. [PMID: 37678249 PMCID: PMC11020436 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.0000000000000312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Chronic interstitial nephritis in agricultural communities (CINAC) is an epidemic of kidney disease affecting specific tropical and subtropical regions worldwide and is characterized by progressive CKD in the absence of traditional risk factors, such as hypertension and diabetes. CINAC prevalence is higher among young, male agricultural workers, but it also affects women, children, and nonagricultural workers in affected areas. Biopsies from patients with CINAC across regions commonly demonstrate tubular injury with lysosomal aggregates, tubulointerstitial inflammation, and fibrosis and variable glomerular changes. Each endemic area holds environmental risk factors and patient/genetic milieus, resulting in uncertainty about the cause(s) of the disease. Currently, there is no specific treatment available for CINAC. We highlight survey findings of Houston-based migrant workers with CINAC and draw similarities between kidney injury phenotype of patients with CINAC and mice treated chronically with paraquat, an herbicide used worldwide. We propose potential pathways and mechanisms for kidney injury in patients with CINAC, which may offer clues for potential therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W. Holliday
- Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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2
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Zhu L, Xie Z, Yang G, Zhou G, Li L, Zhang S. Stanniocalcin-1 Promotes PARP1-Dependent Cell Death via JNK Activation in Colitis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2304123. [PMID: 38088577 PMCID: PMC10837357 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) is upregulated by inflammation and modulates oxidative stress-induced cell death. Herein, the function of STC1 in colitis and stress-induced parthanatos, a newly identified type of programmed necrotic cell death dependent on the activation of poly-ADP ribose polymerase-1 (PARP1) is investigated. Results show that STC1 expression is markedly increased in the inflamed colonic mucosa of Crohn's disease (CD) patients and chemically-induced mice colitis models. Evaluation of parthanatos severity and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression shows that intestinal-specific Stc1 knockout (Stc1INT-KO ) mice are resistant to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and exhibit lower disease severity. STC1-overexpressing cells show an increased degree of parthanatos and proinflammatory cytokine expression, whereas STC1-knockout cells show a decreased degree of parthanatos. Co-immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, and proteomic analyses indicate that STC1 interacts with PARP1, which activates the JNK pathway via PARP1-JNK interactions. Moreover, inhibition of PARP1 and JNK alleviates parthanatos and inflammatory injuries triggered by STC1 overexpression. Finally, following restoration of Stc1 and Parp1 expression by adeno-associated viruses, and overexpression of Stc1 and Parp1 aggravated DSS-induced colitis in Stc1INT-KO mice. In conclusion, STC1 mediates oxidative stress-associated parthanatos and aggravates inflammation via the STC1-PARP1-JNK interactions and subsequent JNK pathway activation in CD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liguo Zhu
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Xie
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080P. R. China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Minimally Invasive InterventionState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou510060P. R. China
| | - Gaoshi Zhou
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080P. R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080P. R. China
| | - Shenghong Zhang
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080P. R. China
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Schulz R, Schlüter KD. Importance of Mitochondria in Cardiac Pathologies: Focus on Uncoupling Proteins and Monoamine Oxidases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076459. [PMID: 37047436 PMCID: PMC10095304 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
On the one hand, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in the onset and progression of a wide array of diseases. On the other hand, these are a part of signaling pathways related to cell metabolism, growth and survival. While ROS are produced at various cellular sites, in cardiomyocytes the largest amount of ROS is generated by mitochondria. Apart from the electron transport chain and various other proteins, uncoupling protein (UCP) and monoamine oxidases (MAO) have been proposed to modify mitochondrial ROS formation. Here, we review the recent information on UCP and MAO in cardiac injuries induced by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) as well as protection from I/R and heart failure secondary to I/R injury or pressure overload. The current data in the literature suggest that I/R will preferentially upregulate UCP2 in cardiac tissue but not UCP3. Studies addressing the consequences of such induction are currently inconclusive because the precise function of UCP2 in cardiac tissue is not well understood, and tissue- and species-specific aspects complicate the situation. In general, UCP2 may reduce oxidative stress by mild uncoupling and both UCP2 and UCP3 affect substrate utilization in cardiac tissue, thereby modifying post-ischemic remodeling. MAOs are important for the physiological regulation of substrate concentrations. Upon increased expression and or activity of MAOs, however, the increased production of ROS and reactive aldehydes contribute to cardiac alterations such as hypertrophy, inflammation, irreversible cardiomyocyte injury, and failure.
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Gerges D, Hevesi Z, Schmidt SH, Kapps S, Pajenda S, Geist B, Schmidt A, Wagner L, Winnicki W. Tubular epithelial progenitors are excreted in urine during recovery from severe acute kidney injury and are able to expand and differentiate in vitro. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14110. [PMID: 36285332 PMCID: PMC9588302 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious condition associated with chronic kidney disease, dialysis requirement and a high risk of death. However, there are specialized repair mechanisms for the nephron, and migrated committed progenitor cells are the key players. Previous work has described a positive association between renal recovery and the excretion of tubular progenitor cells in the urine of kidney transplant recipients. The aim of this work was to describe such structures in non-transplanted AKI patients and to focus on their differentiation. Methods Morning urine was obtained from four patients with AKI stage 3 and need for RRT on a consecutive basis. Urine sediment gene expression was performed to assess which part of the tubular or glomerular segment was affected by injury, along with measurement of neprilysin. Urine output and sediment morphology were monitored, viable hyperplastic tubular epithelial clusters were isolated and characterized by antibody or cultured in vitro. These cells were monitored by phase contrast microscopy, gene, and protein expression over 9 days by qPCR and confocal immunofluorescence. Furthermore, UMOD secretion into the supernatant was quantitatively measured. Results Urinary neprilysin decreased rapidly with increasing urinary volume in ischemic, toxic, nephritic, and infection-associated AKI, whereas the decrease in sCr required at least 2 weeks. While urine output increased, dead cells were present in the sediment along with debris followed by hyperplastic agglomerates. Monitoring of urine sediment for tubular cell-specific gene transcript levels NPHS2 (podocyte), AQP1 and AQP6 (proximal tubule), and SLC12A1 (distal tubule) by qPCR revealed different components depending on the cause of AKI. Confocal immunofluorescence staining confirmed the presence of intact nephron-specific epithelial cells, some of which appeared in clusters expressing AQP1 and PAX8 and were 53% positive for the stem cell marker PROM1. Isolated tubule epithelial progenitor cells were grown in vitro, expanded, and reached confluence within 5-7 days, while the expression of AQP1 and UMOD increased, whereas PROM1 and Ki67 decreased. This was accompanied by a change in cell morphology from a disproportionately high nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio at day 2-7 with mitotic figures. In contrast, an apoptotic morphology of approximately 30% was found at day 9 with the appearance of multinucleated cells that were associable with different regions of the nephron tubule by marker proteins. At the same time, UMOD was detected in the culture supernatant. Conclusion During renal recovery, a high replicatory potential of tubular epithelial progenitor cells is found in urine. In vitro expansion and gene expression show differentiation into tubular cells with marker proteins specific for different nephron regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Gerges
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zsofia Hevesi
- Center for Brain Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sophie H. Schmidt
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sebastian Kapps
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sahra Pajenda
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Geist
- Department of Biochemical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alice Schmidt
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ludwig Wagner
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Winnicki
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Pajenda S, Wagner L, Gerges D, Herkner H, Tevdoradze T, Mechtler K, Schmidt A, Winnicki W. Urinary Collectrin (TMEM27) as Novel Marker for Acute Kidney Injury. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12091391. [PMID: 36143426 PMCID: PMC9503639 DOI: 10.3390/life12091391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a leading complication in hospitalized patients of different disciplines due to various aetiologies and is associated with the risk of chronic kidney disease, the need for dialysis and death. Since nephrons are not supplied with pain signals, kidney injury is mostly diagnosed by serum creatinine with a time delay. Recent work has shown that certain urinary biomarkers are available for early detection of AKI. In total, 155 subjects, including 102 patients with AKI at various stages and 53 subjects without AKI, were enrolled, and their course and laboratory data were recorded. Urinary collectrin (TMEM27) was measured by a commercially available ELISA assay. Changes in serum creatinine were used to determine AKI stage. Patients with AKI presented with significantly lower levels of urinary collectrin compared to patients without AKI (1597 ± 1827 pg/mL vs. 2855 ± 2073; p = 0.001). Collectrin was found to inversely correlate with serum creatinine and stages of AKI. Collectrin levels were lowest in AKI stage III (1576 ± 1686 pg/mL; p = 0.001) and also significantly lower in stage II (1616 ± 2148 pg/mL; p = 0.021) and stage I (1630 ± 1956 pg/mL; p = 0.019) compared to subjects without AKI. An optimal minimum collectrin cut-off value of 1606 [95% CI 1258 to 1954] pg/mL was determined to detect AKI. In conclusion, urinary collectrin represents an indicator of AKI that, unlike all other established AKI biomarkers, decreases with stage of AKI and thus may be associated with a novel pathogenic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahra Pajenda
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ludwig Wagner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence:
| | - Daniela Gerges
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Harald Herkner
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Tamar Tevdoradze
- Department of Renal Replacement Therapy, Nephrology and Transplantation, Tbilisi State Medical University and Ingorokva High Medical Technology University Clinic, Tbilisi 0144, Georgia
| | - Karl Mechtler
- ProtChem Facility, IMP-IMBA, Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alice Schmidt
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Winnicki
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Holliday MW, Li Q, Bustamante EG, Niu J, Huang L, Espina IM, Dominguez JR, Truong L, Murray KO, Fan L, Anumudu SJ, Shah M, Fischer RS, Vangala C, Mandayam S, Perez J, Pan JS, Ali S, Awan AA, Sheikh-Hamad D. Potential Mechanisms Involved in Chronic Kidney Disease of Unclear Etiology. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2022; 17:1293-1304. [PMID: 35944911 PMCID: PMC9625092 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.16831221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The etiology of chronic kidney disease of unclear etiology, also known as Mesoamerican nephropathy, remains unclear. We investigated potential etiologies for Mesoamerican nephropathy in an immigrant dialysis population. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS Migrants with Mesoamerican nephropathy kidney failure (n=52) were identified by exclusion of known causes of kidney disease and compared using a cross-sectional survey with demographically similar patients with kidney failure from other causes (n=63) and age/sex/place of origin-matched healthy participants (n=16). Survey results were extended to the bench; C57BL/6 mice (n=73) received 10-15 weekly intraperitoneal injections of paraquat (a reactive oxygen species-generating herbicide) or vehicle. Kidney function, histology, and expression of organic cation transporter-2 (proximal tubule entry for paraquat) and multidrug and toxin extrusion 1 (extrusion pathway) were examined. Kidney biopsies from Nicaraguan patients with acute Mesoamerican nephropathy were stained for the above transporters and compared with patients with tubulointerstitial nephritis and without Mesoamerican nephropathy. RESULTS Patients with Mesoamerican nephropathy and kidney failure were young agricultural workers, almost exclusively men; the majority were from Mexico and El Salvador; and they had prior exposures to agrochemicals, including paraquat (27%). After adjustment for age/sex, exposure to any agrochemical or paraquat was associated with Mesoamerican nephropathy kidney failure (odds ratio, 4.86; 95% confidence interval, 1.82 to 12.96; P=0.002 and odds ratio, 12.25; 95% confidence interval, 1.51 to 99.36; P=0.02, respectively). Adjusted for age/sex and other covariates, 1 year of agrochemical exposure was associated with Mesoamerican nephropathy kidney failure (odds ratio, 1.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.04 to 1.44; P=0.02). Compared with 16 matched healthy controls, Mesoamerican nephropathy kidney failure was significantly associated with exposure to paraquat and agrochemicals. Paraquat-treated male mice developed kidney failure and tubulointerstitial nephritis consistent with Mesoamerican nephropathy. Organic cation transporter-2 expression was higher in male kidneys versus female kidneys. Paraquat treatment increased organic cation transporter-2 expression and decreased multidrug and toxin extrusion 1 expression in male kidneys; similar results were observed in the kidneys of Nicaraguan patients with Mesoamerican nephropathy. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to agrochemicals is associated with Mesoamerican nephropathy, and chronic exposure of mice to paraquat, a prototypical oxidant, induced kidney failure similar to Mesoamerican nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W. Holliday
- The Selzman Institute for Kidney Health and Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Houston, Texas
| | - Qingtian Li
- The Selzman Institute for Kidney Health and Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Jingbo Niu
- The Selzman Institute for Kidney Health and Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Luping Huang
- The Selzman Institute for Kidney Health and Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Ilse M. Espina
- The Selzman Institute for Kidney Health and Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Jose R. Dominguez
- The Selzman Institute for Kidney Health and Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Luan Truong
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, Texas
| | - Kristy O. Murray
- School of Tropical Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Lei Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Samaya J. Anumudu
- The Selzman Institute for Kidney Health and Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Maulin Shah
- The Selzman Institute for Kidney Health and Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Rebecca S.B. Fischer
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas
| | - Chandan Vangala
- The Selzman Institute for Kidney Health and Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Sreedhar Mandayam
- Section of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jose Perez
- The Selzman Institute for Kidney Health and Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Jenny S. Pan
- The Selzman Institute for Kidney Health and Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Sehrish Ali
- The Selzman Institute for Kidney Health and Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Ahmed A. Awan
- The Selzman Institute for Kidney Health and Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - David Sheikh-Hamad
- The Selzman Institute for Kidney Health and Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Houston, Texas
- Department of Nutrition, Harris Health System, Houston, Texas
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Yang EM, Park JS, Joo SY, Bae EH, Ma SK, Kim SW. Stanniocalcin‑1 suppresses TGF‑β‑induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular fibrosis in human renal proximal tubular cells. Int J Mol Med 2022; 50:107. [PMID: 35730604 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2022.5163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stanniocalcin‑1 (STC1), a multifunctional glycoprotein with antioxidant and anti‑inflammatory properties, serves an important role in kidney protection. STC1 is one of the few hormones targeted to the mitochondria to regulate mitochondrial quality control by suppressing oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage. However, the mechanisms underlying the effect of STC1 remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the protective role of recombinant STC1 (rSTC1) in renal fibrosis and to identify the mechanisms underlying cellular fibrosis in HK2 human renal proximal tubular cells. Semi‑quantitative PCR, western blot analysis and confocal microscopy were used to detect the mRNA levels, protein levels and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Mitochondrial superoxide production was evaluated using MitoSox staining. rSTC1 attenuated TGF‑β‑induced downregulation of AMP‑activated protein kinase and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2). Treatment of HK2 cells with TGF‑β reduced the MMP and increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, TGF‑β treatment upregulated fibrotic markers, such as α‑SMA and fibronectin, in HK2 cells. Treatment with rSTC1 and TGF‑β suppressed mitochondrial ROS production by recovering the MMP and reversed the upregulation of fibrotic markers in HK2 cells. The effects of rSTC1 were reversed when UCP2 expression was silenced. The present study revealed a novel role of STC1 in preventing TGF‑β induced cellular fibrosis in HK2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Mi Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Sun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Yeon Joo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hui Bae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Kwon Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Wan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
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Effect of the Porcine STC-1 Gene on Autophagy and Mitochondrial Function as Induced by Serum Starvation. Biochem Genet 2022; 60:2533-2551. [PMID: 35589876 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-022-10233-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1) is a glycoprotein hormone involved in calcium/phosphorus metabolism and direct inhibition of bone and muscle growth. The aim of this study was to investigate the STC-1 gene with respect to the regulatory mechanisms of porcine growth metabolic pathways involving autophagy. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of autophagy and mitochondrial function-related proteins, and flow cytometry was used to detect mitochondrial function-related. Changes in the autophagosome and mitochondrial were observed by electron microscopy. The expression of the autophagy-related proteins was detected by confocal microscopy. The results showed that Pink1, Parkin and LC3B expression was increased; SQSTM1/P62 expression was reduced. Electron microscopy revealed that the cells in the serum starvation group all produced autophagosomes. The fluorescence intensity of GFP-LC3B and GFP-Parkin increased. The Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, Pink1 and Parkin protein levels were profoundly reduced in the STC-KO. In addition, the increase in Mfn2, OPA1, DRP1 and LC3B proteins was attenuated; the increase in the apoptosis rate and amount of active oxygen was attenuated; the decrease in membrane potential; the decrease in ATP was reversed; the fluorescence intensity of GFP-LC3B and GFP-Parkin was increased. These results indicate that autophagy can be caused by serum starvation. Knocking out the porcine STC-1 gene had an obvious antiapoptotic effect on cells, the inhibition of serum starvation-induced autophagy. This is the first study to show that the porcine STC-1 gene confers self-protection in the absence of nutrients. To provide a theoretical basis for studying the effect of STC-1 on pig growth and development.
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Interactions between leucines within the signal peptides of megalin and stanniocalcin-1 are crucial for regulation of mitochondrial metabolism. J Transl Med 2022; 102:534-544. [PMID: 35046485 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-022-00729-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial intracrine Stanniocalcin 1 (STC1) activates mitochondrial anti-oxidant defenses. LRP2 (megalin) shuttles STC1 to the mitochondria through retrograde early endosome-to-Golgi- and Rab32-mediated pathway, and LRP2 KO impairs mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis. We determined STC1-LRP2 interaction domains using HA- and FLAG-tagged fragments of STC1 and LRP2, respectively, co-expressed in HEK293T cells. The trans-membrane domain of LRP2 is required for trafficking to the mitochondria. STC1-FLAG expressed in LRP2 KO cells fails to reach the mitochondria; thus, mitochondrial STC1 is extracellularly-derived via LRP2-mediated trafficking. Tri-leucines L12-14 in LRP2's signal peptide interact with STC1's signal peptide. Mutant LRP2 (L(12-14)A) does not bind STC1, while hSTC1 lacking signal peptide or Leucines L8/9/11 does not bind LRP2. STC1 fails to induce respiration or glycolysis in megalin KO mouse embryonal fibroblasts (MEF) expressing mutant LRP2, while mutant hSTC1 (L8/L9/L11 - > A8/A9/A11) fails to reach the mitochondria or induce respiration and glycolysis in WT MEF. Our data suggest direct regulation of mitochondrial metabolism by extracellular cues and reveal an important role for signal peptides' leucines in protein-protein interactions and mitochondrial biology.
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Sheikh-Hamad D, Holliday M, Li Q. Megalin-Mediated Trafficking of Mitochondrial Intracrines: Relevance to Signaling and Metabolism. JOURNAL OF CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 3:364-369. [PMID: 35098216 PMCID: PMC8793748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The multi-ligand binding protein megalin (LRP2) is ubiquitously expressed and facilitates cell uptake of hormones, nutrients and vitamins. We have recently shown megalin is present in the mitochondria of cultured epithelial and mesenchymal cells, as well as many organs and tissues. Mitochondrial megalin associates with stanniocalcin-1 and SIRT3; two proteins that promote anti-oxidant defenses. Megalin shuttles mitochondrial intracrines (angiotensin II, stanniocalcin-1 and TGF-β) from the cell surface to the mitochondria through the retrograde early endosome to Golgi pathway and requires Rab32. Deletion of megalin impairs mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis. This pathway overlaps molecular and vesicular trafficking defects common to Donai Barrow and Lowe syndromes, suggesting that mitochondrial intracrine signaling defects may contribute to the pathogenesis of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Sheikh-Hamad
- Division of Nephrology and Selzman Institute for Kidney Health, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030 USA,Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. Debakey VAMC, Houston, Texas, 77030 USA,Correspondence should be addressed to David Sheikh-Hamad;
| | - Michael Holliday
- Division of Nephrology and Selzman Institute for Kidney Health, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030 USA,Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. Debakey VAMC, Houston, Texas, 77030 USA
| | - Qingtian Li
- Division of Nephrology and Selzman Institute for Kidney Health, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030 USA
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11
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Pajenda S, Zawedde F, Kapps S, Wagner L, Schmidt A, Winnicki W, O’Connell D, Gerges D. Urinary C3 levels associated with sepsis and acute kidney injury-A pilot study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259777. [PMID: 34767613 PMCID: PMC8589214 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an abrupt deterioration of renal function often caused by severe clinical disease such as sepsis, and patients require intensive care. Acute-phase parameters for systemic inflammation are well established and used in routine clinical diagnosis, but no such parameters are known for AKI and inflammation at the local site of tissue damage, namely the nephron. Therefore, we sought to investigate complement factors C3a/C3 in urine and urinary sediment cells. After the development of a C3a/C3-specific mouse monoclonal antibody (3F7E2), urine excretion from ICU sepsis patients was examined by dot blot and immunoblotting. This C3a/C3 ELISA and a C3a ELISA were used to obtain quantitative data over 24 hours for 6 consecutive days. Urine sediment cells were analyzed for topology of expression. Patients with severe infections (n = 85) showed peak levels of C3a/C3 on the second day of ICU treatment. The majority (n = 59) showed C3a/C3 levels above 20 μg/ml at least once in the first 6 days after admission. C3a was detectable on all 6 days. Peak C3a/C3 levels correlated negatively with peak C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. No relationship was found between peak C3a/C3 with peak leukocyte count, age, or AKI stage. Analysis of urine sediment cells identified C3a/C3-producing epithelial cells with reticular staining patterns and cells with large-granular staining. Opsonized bacteria were detected in patients with urinary tract infections. In critically ill sepsis patients with AKI, urinary C3a/C3 inversely correlated with serum CRP. Whether urinary C3a/C3 has a protective function through autophagy, as previously shown for cisplatin exposure, or is a by-product of sepsis caused by pathogenic stimuli to the kidney must remain open in this study. However, our data suggest that C3a/C3 may function as an inverse acute-phase parameter that originates in the kidney and is detectable in urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahra Pajenda
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florence Zawedde
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sebastian Kapps
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ludwig Wagner
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alice Schmidt
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Winnicki
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - David O’Connell
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Daniela Gerges
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
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12
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Khatun M, Urpilainen E, Ahtikoski A, Arffman RK, Pasanen A, Puistola U, Tapanainen JS, Andersson LC, Butzow R, Loukovaara M, Piltonen TT. Low Expression of Stanniocalcin 1 (STC-1) Protein Is Associated With Poor Clinicopathologic Features of Endometrial Cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2021; 27:1609936. [PMID: 34650342 PMCID: PMC8505533 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2021.1609936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1) is a glycoprotein hormone involved in diverse biological processes, including regulation of calcium phosphate homeostasis, cell proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress responses, and cancer development. The role of STC-1 in endometrial cancer (EC) is yet to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the protein expression pattern of STC-1 in a tissue microarray (TMA) cohort of hysterectomy specimens from 832 patients with EC. We then evaluated the prognostic value of STC-1 expression regarding the clinicopathologic features and patients survival over a period of 140 months. Our results revealed that in EC tissue samples, STC-1 is mainly localized in the endometrial epithelium, although some expression was also observed in the stroma. Decreased STC-1 expression was associated with factors relating to a worse prognosis, such as grade 3 endometrioid tumors (p = 0.030), deep myometrial invasion (p = 0.003), lymphovascular space invasion (p = 0.050), and large tumor size (p = 0.001). Moreover, STC-1 expression was decreased in tumors obtained from obese women (p = 0.014) and in women with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2; p = 0.001). Interestingly, the data also showed an association between DNA mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency and weak STC-1 expression, specifically in the endometrial epithelium (p = 0.048). No association was observed between STC-1 expression and disease-specific survival. As STC-1 expression was particularly low in cases with obesity and DMT2 in the TMA cohort, we also evaluated the correlation between metformin use and STC-1 expression in an additional EC cohort that only included women with DMT2 (n = 111). The analysis showed no difference in STC-1 expression in either the epithelium or the stroma in women undergoing metformin therapy compared to metformin non-users. Overall, our data may suggest a favorable role for STC-1 in EC behavior; however, further studies are required to elucidate the detailed mechanism and possible applications to cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masuma Khatun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Elina Urpilainen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anne Ahtikoski
- Department of Pathology, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Pathology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Riikka K Arffman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Annukka Pasanen
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ulla Puistola
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha S Tapanainen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leif C Andersson
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ralf Butzow
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Loukovaara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Terhi T Piltonen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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13
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Roddy GW, Chowdhury UR, Monson KJ, Fautsch MP. Stanniocalcin-1 Reduced Intraocular Pressure in Two Models of Ocular Hypertension. Curr Eye Res 2021; 46:1525-1530. [PMID: 33757401 PMCID: PMC10505966 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2021.1899246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Purpose/Aim: Glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON) remains the world's leading cause of irreversible blindness. Treatments including topical medications are directed at reducing intraocular pressure (IOP), the most significant risk factor for GON. Current medications, while generally effective, are limited by insufficient response and side-effects in some patients. In search of a more targeted therapy that acts downstream of existing medications that has a potential for a lower side effect profile, our laboratory has identified Stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1), a multifunctional hormone, as an effector molecule in latanoprost-mediated IOP reduction with similar IOP-lowering efficacy as latanoprost in normotensive mice.Materials and methods: To investigate whether STC-1 can also reduce IOP in ocular hypertensive mice, we used a steroid-induced ocular hypertensive mouse model characterized by trabecular meshwork dysfunction as well as the DBA/2J mouse as an inherited model of pigment dispersion and secondary angle closure. Steroid-induced ocular hypertension was induced by weekly injections of dexamethasone into the conjunctival fornix of wild-type C57BL/6J mice (6-8 months old). After confirmation of the steroid response, mice were administered STC-1 or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) topically once daily for six weeks. For DBA/2J mice (14 months old), after baseline IOP measurements, mice were treated topically once daily with STC-1 or PBS for 5 days and IOP was assessed twice daily.Results: In steroid-induced ocular hypertensive mice, STC-1 lowered IOP by 26% (P < .001, week three) and maintained this level of IOP reduction throughout the remainder of the treatment period (P < .001, week six). In DBA/2J mice, STC-1 lowered IOP by 37% (P < .001).Conclusions: Together, these data show that STC-1 reduced IOP in two models of ocular hypertension with different mechanisms of outflow obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin W Roddy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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14
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Shen H, Holliday M, Sheikh-Hamad D, Li Q, Tong Q, Hamad CD, Pan JS. Sirtuin-3 mediates sex differences in kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury. Transl Res 2021; 235:15-31. [PMID: 33789208 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2021.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Studies suggest that biological sex influences susceptibility to kidney diseases with males demonstrating greater risk for developing ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI). Sex-related differences in mitochondrial function and homeostasis exist, likely contributing to sexual dimorphism in kidney injury, but the mechanisms are not well characterized. Our observations reveal lower baseline expression of Sirtuin-3 (Sirt3, a major mitochondrial acetyltransferase) in the kidneys of male mice versus females. We tested the hypothesis that differential expression of kidney Sirt3 may mediate sexual dimorphism in AKI using a bilateral kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) model and three transgenic mouse models: (1) mice with global transgenic overexpression of Sirt3; (2) mice with inducible, kidney tubule-specific Sirt3 knockdown (iKD); and (3) mice with global Sirt3 knockout. Low mitochondrial Sirt3 (mtSirt3) in males versus females is associated with development of kidney tubular epithelium vacuoles, increased mitochondrial ROS and susceptibility to IRI. Transgenic overexpression of Sirt3 in males protects against kidney IRI and development of tubular epithelium vacuoles. In both sexes, mice with partial kidney tubular epithelium-specific Sirt3 knockdown display intermediate - while global Sirt3 knockout mice display the highest susceptibility to IRI. Female Sirt3 iKD mice demonstrate decreased survival and kidney function after IRI indistinguishable from control males, abolishing the protective effects observed in females. Mechanistically, observed differences in kidney mtSirt3 are sex hormone-dependent; estradiol increases - while testosterone decreases mtSirt3 protein. Our results demonstrate that Sirt3 is an important contributor to the observed sex-related differences in IRI susceptibility, and a potential therapeutic target in the clinical management of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyun Shen
- Department of Medicine/Division of Nephrology/Selzman Institute for Kidney Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Michael Holliday
- Department of Medicine/Division of Nephrology/Selzman Institute for Kidney Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Renal Section and Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas
| | - David Sheikh-Hamad
- Department of Medicine/Division of Nephrology/Selzman Institute for Kidney Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Renal Section and Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Qingtian Li
- Department of Medicine/Division of Nephrology/Selzman Institute for Kidney Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Qiang Tong
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Christopher David Hamad
- Department of Medicine/Division of Nephrology/Selzman Institute for Kidney Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Jenny S Pan
- Department of Medicine/Division of Nephrology/Selzman Institute for Kidney Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Renal Section and Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas.
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15
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Sun B, He S, Liu B, Xu G, Guoji E, Feng L, Xu L, Chen D, Zhao W, Chen J, Gao Y, Zhang E. Stanniocalcin-1 Protected Astrocytes from Hypoxic Damage Through the AMPK Pathway. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:2948-2957. [PMID: 34268656 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03393-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies revealed that the expression of stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) in astrocytes increased under hypoxic conditions. However, the role of STC1 in hypoxic astrocytes is not well understood. In this work, we first showed the increased expression of STC1 in astrocyte cell line and astrocytes in the brain tissues of mice after exposure to hypoxia. Then, we found that knockdown of STC1 inhibited cell viability and increased apoptosis. These effects were mediated by decreasing the levels of SIRT3, UCP2, and glycolytic genes and increasing the levels of ROS. Further studies suggested that STC1 silencing promoted oxidative stress and suppressed glycolysis by downregulating AMPKα1. Moreover, HIF-1α knockdown in hypoxic astrocytes led to decreased expression of STC1 and AMPKα1, indicating that the expression of STC1 was regulated by HIF-1α. In conclusion, our study showed that HIF-1α-induced STC1 could protect astrocytes from hypoxic damage by regulating glycolysis and redox homeostasis in an AMPKα1-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binda Sun
- Institute of Medicine and Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, People's Liberation Army, Chongqing, China
| | - Shu He
- Institute of Medicine and Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, People's Liberation Army, Chongqing, China
| | - Bao Liu
- Institute of Medicine and Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, People's Liberation Army, Chongqing, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Institute of Medicine and Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, People's Liberation Army, Chongqing, China
| | - Guoji E
- Institute of Medicine and Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, People's Liberation Army, Chongqing, China
| | - Lan Feng
- Institute of Medicine and Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, People's Liberation Army, Chongqing, China
| | - Licong Xu
- Institute of Medicine and Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, People's Liberation Army, Chongqing, China
| | - Dewei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, People's Liberation Army, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenqi Zhao
- Institute of Medicine and Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, People's Liberation Army, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Institute of Medicine and Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, People's Liberation Army, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuqi Gao
- Institute of Medicine and Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China. .,Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China. .,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, People's Liberation Army, Chongqing, China. .,, Number 30, Gaotanyan Street, District of Shapingba, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Erlong Zhang
- Institute of Medicine and Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China. .,Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China. .,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, People's Liberation Army, Chongqing, China. .,, Number 30, Gaotanyan Street, District of Shapingba, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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16
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Khatun M, Arffman RK, Lavogina D, Kangasniemi M, Laru J, Ahtikoski A, Lehtonen S, Paulson M, Hirschberg AL, Salumets A, Andersson LC, Piltonen TT. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome present with altered endometrial expression of stanniocalcin-1†. Biol Reprod 2021; 102:306-315. [PMID: 31494675 PMCID: PMC7016287 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1) is a pro-survival factor that protects tissues against stressors, such as hypoxia and inflammation. STC-1 is co-expressed with the endometrial receptivity markers, and recently endometrial STC-1 was reported to be dysregulated in endometriosis, a condition linked with endometrial progesterone resistance and inflammation. These features are also common in the endometrium in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common endocrine disorder in women. Given that women with PCOS present with subfertility, pregnancy complications, and increased risk for endometrial cancer, we investigated endometrial STC-1 expression in affected women. Endometrial biopsy samples were obtained from women with PCOS and controls, including samples from overweight/obese women with PCOS before and after a 3-month lifestyle intervention. A total of 98 PCOS and 85 control samples were used in immunohistochemistry, reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, or in vitro cell culture. STC-1 expression was analyzed at different cycle phases and in endometrial stromal cells (eSCs) after steroid hormone exposure. The eSCs were also challenged with 8-bromo-cAMP and hypoxia for STC-1 expression. The findings indicate that STC-1 expression is not steroid hormone mediated although secretory-phase STC-1 expression was blunted in PCOS. Lower expression seems to be related to attenuated STC-1 response to stressors in PCOS eSCs, shown as downregulation of protein kinase A activity. The 3-month lifestyle intervention did not restore STC-1 expression in PCOS endometrium. More studies are warranted to further elucidate the mechanisms behind the altered endometrial STC-1 expression and rescue mechanism in the PCOS endometrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masuma Khatun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Riikka K Arffman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Darja Lavogina
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marika Kangasniemi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Laru
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anne Ahtikoski
- Department of Pathology, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Siri Lehtonen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mariana Paulson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Angelica Lindén Hirschberg
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andres Salumets
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Leif C Andersson
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Terhi T Piltonen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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17
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Wang P, Li XL, Cao ZH. STC1 ameliorates cognitive impairment and neuroinflammation of Alzheimer's disease mice via inhibition of ERK1/2 pathway. Immunobiology 2021; 226:152092. [PMID: 34004549 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2021.152092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the regulatory role of STC1 (Stanniocalcin-1) mediated ERK1/2 pathway in cognitive impairment and neuroinflammation of Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS WT mice and STC1 Tg mice (transgenic overexpression of STC1) were used to establish AD models to perform behavioral test by Morris water maze. Hippocampal cell apoptosis was quantified by TUNEL staining, the levels of inflammatory cytokines in serum and hippocampal tissues determined by ELISA, as well as oxidative stress-related factors detected by corresponding testing kits, and protein expression of STC1 and ERK1/2 pathway measured by Western blotting. RESULTS Compared with WT Sham group, WT AD mice had prolonged escape latency, decreased crossing platform times, increased hippocampal cell apoptosis with up-regulated inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress-related factors, as well as increased STC1 and ERK1/2 pathway-related molecules. By contrast, STC1 Tg AD mice showed shortened escape latency, increased crossing platform times than WT AD mice, and they also exhibited the decreased apoptosis index and inflammatory cytokines, alleviated oxidative stress-injury, down-regulated protein expression of ERK1/2 pathway, and up-regulated the protein expression of STC1 and UCP2. CONCLUSION STC1 overexpression could alleviate oxidative stress-induced injury, reduce neuroinflammation, improve cognitive function to play a neuro-protective role by inhibiting ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao-Long Li
- Department of Neurology, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Cao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China.
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18
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Chao B, Zhang L, Pan J, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Xu M, Huang S. Stanniocalcin-1 Overexpression Prevents Depression-Like Behaviors Through Inhibition of the ROS/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:644383. [PMID: 34194345 PMCID: PMC8238083 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.644383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Depression is a burdensome psychiatric disorder presenting with disordered inflammation and neural plasticity. We conducted this study with an aim to explore the effect of stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) on inflammation and neuron injury in rats with depression-like behaviors. Methods: A model of depression-like behaviors was established in Wistar rats by stress stimulation. Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-packaged STC1 overexpression sequence or siRNA against STC1 was introduced into rats to enhance or silence the STC1 expression. Moreover, we measured pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory proteins, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. An in vitro model was induced in hippocampal neurons by CORT to explore the effect of STC1 on the neuron viability, toxicity and apoptosis. RT-qPCR and Western blot assay were employed to determine the expression of STC1 and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway-related genes. Results: STC1 was under-expressed in the hippocampus of rats with depression-like behaviors, while its overexpression could reduce the depression-like behaviors in the stress-stimulated rats. Furthermore, overexpression of STC1 resulted in enhanced neural plasticity, reduced release of pro-inflammatory proteins, elevated SOD and CAT and diminished MDA level in the hippocampus of rats with depression-like behaviors. Overexpressed STC1 blocked the ROS/NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby enhancing the viability of CORT-treated neurons while repressing their toxicity and apoptosis. Conclusion: Collectively, overexpression of STC1 inhibits inflammation and protects neuron injury in rats with depression-like behaviors by inactivating the ROS/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Chao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Juhua Pan
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxia Chen
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Manman Xu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shijing Huang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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19
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Zheng X, Liu D. Adiponectin alleviates the symptoms of ischemic renal disease by inhibiting renal cell apoptosis. Life Sci 2020; 265:118825. [PMID: 33275989 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Ischemic renal disease (IRD) can cause kidney damage and eventually lead to end-stage renal disease. Adiponectin (APN), a recently discovered collagen-like protein secreted by adipose tissues, plays an important role in regulating energy metabolism and inflammation. This study aimed to explore the specific mechanism by which APN affects IRD. MAIN METHODS We cultured human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) and created a mouse model of IRD to detect apoptosis-related indicators in vitro and in vivo. KEY FINDINGS Compared with those in the control group, the apoptosis rate and expression levels of Bax and Fas increased in the CoCl2-induced hypoxia model group. However, the expression of Bcl-2 decreased, and after the combined treatment with APN, the phenomenon mentioned above was reversed. Moreover, studies have found that stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1) and uncoupling protein3 (UCP3) are also involved in the protective effect of APN. Additionally, we found that the glomeruli of the mice were significantly enlarged after the APN gene was knocked out; furthermore, the number of collagen fibers in the renal tubules, as well as the expression of the corresponding fibrogenic factors, increased significantly. More importantly, after the knockout of the APN gene, the expression of the hypoxia-inducible factors HIF-1α and HIF-1β and the apoptotic rate of renal tissue cells also increased. SIGNIFICANCE These results indicate that APN can alleviate the symptoms of IRD by inhibiting renal cell apoptosis. Thus, in the future, APN may be a new target for the treatment of IRD. CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS Cobalt chloride (PubChem CID: 24643).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, NO.39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang 110022, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Dajun Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, NO.39 Huaxiang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang 110022, Liaoning, PR China.
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20
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Leung CCT, Wong CKC. Characterization of stanniocalcin-1 expression in macrophage differentiation. Transl Oncol 2020; 14:100881. [PMID: 33074126 PMCID: PMC7568195 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) is a paracrine factor associated with inflammation and carcinogenesis. The role of STC1 in the pro- and anti-inflammatory functions of differentiating macrophage, however, is not clear. In this study, our data showed that phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) treatment induced human leukemia monocytic cells (ThP-1) differentiation to M0 macrophages. The differentiation was accompanied by a significant increase in the mRNA expression levels of STC1, the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFα, and anti-inflammatory markers, CD163 & CD206. An intermitted removal of PMA treatment reduced the mRNA levels of STC1 and TNFα but had no noticeable effects on the anti-inflammatory markers. The correlation in the expression of STC1 and pro-inflammatory markers in differentiating macrophages was investigated, using siRNASTC1-transfected PMA-induced cells. Consistently, the transcripts levels of TNFα and IL-6 were significantly reduced. Moreover, LPS/IFNγ-induced M1-polarization showed remarkably higher expression levels of STC1 than IL-4/IL-13-induced M2-macrophages and PMA-induced M0-macrophages. Transcriptomic analysis of siRNASTC1-transfected M1-polarized cells revealed an upregulation of TBC1 domain family member 3 (TBC1D3G). The gene regulates the payload of macrophage-released extracellular vesicles to mediate inflammation. The conditioned media from siRNASTC1-transfected M1-polarized cells were found to reduce Hep3B cell motility. The data suggest that the expression of STC1 were associated with macrophage differentiation, but preferentially to M1 polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherry C T Leung
- Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chris K C Wong
- Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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21
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Zhao F, Yang G, Feng M, Cao Z, Liu Y, Qiu J, You L, Zheng L, Zhang T, Zhao Y. Expression, function and clinical application of stanniocalcin-1 in cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:7686-7696. [PMID: 32468698 PMCID: PMC7348177 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The glycoprotein stanniocalcin-1 functions as a regulatory endocrine hormone that maintains the balance of calcium and phosphorus in bony fish and as a paracrine/autocrine factor involved in many physiological/pathological processes in humans, including carcinogenesis. In this review, we provide an overview of (a) the possible mechanisms through which STC1 affects the malignant properties of cancer, (b) transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation pathways of STC1 and (c) the potential clinical relevance of STC1 as a cancer biomarker and even a therapeutic target in the future. Exploring the role of STC1 in cancer development may provide a better understanding of the tumorigenesis process in humans and may facilitate finding an effective therapeutic method against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyu Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyu Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yueze Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangdong Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lei You
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lianfang Zheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Taiping Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Clinical Immunology Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yupei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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22
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Vadivel S, Vincent P, Sekaran S, Visaga Ambi S, Muralidar S, Selvaraj V, Palaniappan B, Thirumalai D. Inflammation in myocardial injury- Stem cells as potential immunomodulators for myocardial regeneration and restoration. Life Sci 2020; 250:117582. [PMID: 32222465 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ineffective immunosuppressant's and targeted strategies to neutralize inflammatory mediators have worsened the scenario of heart failure and have opened many questions for debate. Stem cell therapy has proven to be a promising approach for treating heart following myocardial infarction (MI). Adult stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells and embryonic stem cells are possible cell types and have successfully shown to regenerate damaged myocardial tissue in pre-clinical and clinical studies. Current implications of using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) owing to their immunomodulatory functions and paracrine effects could serve as an effective alternative treatment option for rejuvenating the heart post MI. The major setback associated with the use of MSCs is reduced cell retention, engraftment and decreased effectiveness. With a few reports on understanding the role of inflammation and its dual effects on the structure and function of heart, this review focuses on these missing insights and further exemplifies the role of MSCs as an alternative therapy in treating the pathological consequences in myocardial infarction (MI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajini Vadivel
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Preethi Vincent
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saravanan Sekaran
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Senthil Visaga Ambi
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Shibi Muralidar
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vimalraj Selvaraj
- Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balamurugan Palaniappan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Diraviyam Thirumalai
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be-University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
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23
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Yang K, Yang Y, Qi C, Ju H. Effects of porcine STC-1 on cell metabolism and mitochondrial function. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 286:113298. [PMID: 31606465 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.113298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Stanniocalcin (STC-1), a kind of glycoprotein hormone, was first found in fish and mainly regulates calcium/phosphorus metabolism in the body. To explore the biological function of the porcine STC-1 gene, the effects of changes in stanniocalcin expression on cellular metabolism and mitochondrial function were studied. A vector overexpressing the STC-1 gene and an siRNA silencer of the STC-1 gene were transfected into porcine kidney epithelial PK15 cells. After the STC-1 gene expression level was induced to change, STC-1 protein- and mitochondrial function-related proteins such as PMP70, OPA, DRP, Mfn and STC-1-related acetylated protein were detected by Western blotting. Cell apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and ATP were detected using flow cytometry methods. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the changes in mitochondrial structure and morphology. The results showed that overexpression of the STC-1 gene could significantly upregulate the levels of PMP70, OPA, DRP and Mfn. STC-1 gene expression, which could decrease the apoptosis rate and reactive oxygen species production to significantly increase the cell membrane potential and reduce the formation of intracellular ATP, which also affected the morphology and number of mitochondria. The results were reversed when the STC-1 gene expression was silenced. The results suggested that the porcine STC-1 gene is closely related to cell growth metabolism and mitochondrial function, which influence the mitochondrial function-related proteins. The present study is useful for further understanding STC-1 gene function and provides a theoretical basis for improving the production characteristics of domestic pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaidian Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University/Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University/Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Changchun 130118, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuefei Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University/Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanxiang Qi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University/Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210000, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiming Ju
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University/Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Bonfante S, Della Giustina A, Danielski LG, Denicol T, Joaquim L, Biehl E, Scopel G, de Carli RJ, Hubner M, Cardoso T, Tuon T, Generoso J, Barichello T, Terra S, Petronilho F. Stanniocalcin-1 ameliorates cerebral ischemia by decrease oxidative stress and blood brain barrier permeability. Microvasc Res 2019; 128:103956. [PMID: 31733304 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2019.103956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability and oxidative stress have been reported to be important mechanisms for brain damage following ischemic stroke and stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1), a neuroprotective protein, has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress properties. Herein, we report the effect of STC-1 on BBB permeability and brain oxidative stress after stroke in an animal model. Male Wistar received an intracerebroventricularly injection of human recombinant STC-1 (100 ng/kg) or saline and were subjected to sham procedure or global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) model. Six and 24 h after I/R, neurological evaluation was performed; at 24 h brain water content was evaluated in the total brain, and BBB permeability, nitrite/nitrate (N/N) concentration, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyls formation, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity were determined in the hippocampus, cortex, prefrontal cortex, striatum and cerebellum. Rats exhibited neurological deficit at 6 and 24 h after I/R and STC-1 reduction at 24 h. After I/R there were an increase of brain water content, BBB permeability in the hippocampus, cortex and pre-frontal cortex and N/N in the hippocampus, and STC-1 decreased this level only in the hippocampus. STC-1 decreased lipid peroxidation in the hippocampus, cortex and prefrontal cortex and protein oxidative damage in the hippocampus and cortex. SOD activity decreased in the hippocampus, cortex and prefrontal cortex after I/R and STC-1 reestablished these levels in the hippocampus and cortex. CAT activity decreased only in the hippocampus and cortex and STC-1 increased the CAT activity in the hippocampus. Our data provide the first experimental demonstration that STC-1 reduced brain dysfunction associated with cerebral I/R in rats, by decreasing BBB permeability and oxidative stress parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Bonfante
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Amanda Della Giustina
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Lucineia Gainski Danielski
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Tais Denicol
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Larissa Joaquim
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Erica Biehl
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Scopel
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Raquel Jaconi de Carli
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Marcos Hubner
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Taise Cardoso
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Talita Tuon
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Ararangua, SC, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Generoso
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Barichello
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA; Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Silvia Terra
- Postgraduate Program: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil.
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25
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Non-coding RNA-Associated ceRNA Networks in a New Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury Rat Model. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 17:102-112. [PMID: 31234008 PMCID: PMC6595412 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is a severe complication of intravascular applied radial contrast media, and recent progress in interventional therapy and angiography has revived interest in explaining detailed mechanisms and developing effective treatment. Recent studies have indicated a potential link between CI-AKI and microRNA (miRNA). However, the potential non-coding RNA-associated-competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) pairs involved in CI-AKI still remain unclear. In this study, we systematically explored the circRNA or lncRNA-associated-ceRNA mechanism in a new rat model of CI-AKI through deep RNA sequencing. The results revealed that the expression of 38 circRNAs, 12 lncRNAs, 13 miRNAs and 127 mRNAs were significantly dysregulated. We performed Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses for mRNAs with significantly different expression and then constructed comprehensive circRNA or lncRNA-associated ceRNA networks in kidney of CI-AKI rats. Thereafter, two constructed ceRNA regulatory pathways in this CI-AKI rat model—novel_circ_0004153/rno-miR-144-3p/Gpnmb or Naglu and LNC_000343/rno-miR-1956-5p/KCP—were validated by real-time qPCR. This study is the first one to provide a systematic dissection of non-coding RNA-associated ceRNA profiling in kidney of CI-AKI rats. The selected non-coding RNA-associated ceRNA networks provide new insight for the underlying mechanism and may profoundly affect the diagnosis and therapy of CI-AKI.
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26
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Zhang Y, Shan P, Srivastava A, Li Z, Lee PJ. Endothelial Stanniocalcin 1 Maintains Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Prevents Oxidant-Induced Lung Injury via Toll-Like Receptor 4. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:1775-1796. [PMID: 30187766 PMCID: PMC6479262 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Oxidant-induced endothelial injury plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI) and subsequent respiratory failure. Our previous studies revealed an endogenous antioxidant and protective pathway in lung endothelium mediated by heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70)-toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling. However, the downstream effector mechanisms remained unclear. Stanniocalcin 1 (STC1) has been reported to mediate antioxidant responses in tissues such as the lungs. However, regulators of STC1 expression as well as its physiological function in the lungs were unknown. We sought to elucidate the relationship between TLR4 and STC1 in hyperoxia-induced lung injury in vitro and in vivo and to define the functional role of STC1 expression in lung endothelium. RESULTS We identified significantly decreased STC1 expression in TLR4 knockout mouse lungs and primary lung endothelium isolated from TLR4 knockout mice. Overexpression of STC1 was associated with endothelial cytoprotection, whereas decreased or insufficient expression was associated with increased oxidant-induced injury and death. An Hsp70-TLR4-nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB) signal mediates STC1 induction in the lungs and endothelial cells. We also demonstrated a previously unrecognized role for mitochondrial-associated STC1, via TLR4, in maintaining normal glycolysis, mitochondrial bioenergetics, and mitochondrial calcium levels. INNOVATION To date, a physiological role for STC1 in oxidant-induced ALI has not been identified. In addition, our studies show that STC1 is regulated by TLR4 and exerts lung and endothelial protection in response to sterile oxidant-induced lung injury. CONCLUSIONS Our studies reveal a novel TLR4-STC1-mediated mitochondrial pathway that has homeostatic as well as oxidant-induced cytoprotective functions in lung endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- 1 Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Peiying Shan
- 1 Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Anup Srivastava
- 1 Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,2 Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Zhenyu Li
- 1 Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,3 Intensive Care Unit, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Patty J Lee
- 1 Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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27
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Lu Y, Zhou D, Lu H, Xu F, Yue J, Tong J, Lu L. Investigating a downstream gene of Gpnmb using the systems genetics method. Mol Vis 2019; 25:222-236. [PMID: 31057322 PMCID: PMC6478243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Glaucoma is characterized by optic nerve damage and retinal ganglion cell loss. The glycoprotein neuromedin B-associated (Gpnmb) gene is well-known to be involved in the glaucoma disease process. The purpose of this study is to identify a downstream gene through which Gpnmb affects the glaucoma phenotypes using a systems genetics approach. Methods Retinal gene expression data for the BXD recombinant inbred (RI) strains (n=75) have previously been generated in our laboratory for a glaucoma study, and these data were used for genetic and bioinformatics analysis. Expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) mapping and genetic correlation methods were used to identify a gene downstream of Gpnmb. Gene-set enrichment analysis was used to evaluate gene function and to construct coexpression networks. Results The level of Gpnmb expression is associated with a highly statistically significant cis-eQTL. Stanniocalcin 1 (Stc1) has a significant trans-eQTL mapping to the Gpnmb locus. The expression of Gpnmb and Stc1 is highly correlated in the retina and other tissues, as well as with glaucoma-related phenotypes. Gene Ontology and pathway analysis showed that Stc1 and its covariates are highly associated with apoptosis, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial activity. A generated gene network indicated that Gpnmb and Stc1 are directly connected to and interact with other genes with similar biologic functions. Conclusions These results suggest that Stc1 may be a downstream candidate of Gpnmb, and that both genes interact with other genes in a network to develop glaucoma pathogenesis through mechanisms such as apoptosis and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Diana Zhou
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Hong Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nantong Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Fuyi Xu
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Junming Yue
- Department of Pathology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Jianping Tong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
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28
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Li Q, Lei F, Tang Y, Pan JSC, Tong Q, Sun Y, Sheikh-Hamad D. Megalin mediates plasma membrane to mitochondria cross-talk and regulates mitochondrial metabolism. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:4021-4040. [PMID: 29916093 PMCID: PMC11105752 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2847-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial intracrines are extracellular signaling proteins, targeted to the mitochondria. The pathway for mitochondrial targeting of mitochondrial intracrines and actions in the mitochondria remains unknown. Megalin/LRP2 mediates the uptake of vitamins and proteins, and is critical for clearance of amyloid-β protein from the brain. Megalin mutations underlie the pathogenesis of Donnai-Barrow and Lowe syndromes, characterized by brain defects and kidney dysfunction; megalin was not previously known to reside in the mitochondria. Here, we show megalin is present in the mitochondria and associates with mitochondrial anti-oxidant proteins SIRT3 and stanniocalcin-1 (STC1). Megalin shuttles extracellularly-applied STC1, angiotensin II and TGF-β to the mitochondria through the retrograde early endosome-to-Golgi transport pathway and Rab32. Megalin knockout in cultured cells impairs glycolytic and respiratory capacities. Thus, megalin is critical for mitochondrial biology; mitochondrial intracrine signaling is a continuum of the retrograde early endosome-to-Golgi-Rab32 pathway and defects in this pathway may underlie disease processes in many systems.
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MESH Headings
- Agenesis of Corpus Callosum/genetics
- Agenesis of Corpus Callosum/metabolism
- Agenesis of Corpus Callosum/pathology
- Amyloid beta-Peptides/genetics
- Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism
- Animals
- Brain/metabolism
- Brain/pathology
- Cell Membrane/genetics
- Glycoproteins/genetics
- HEK293 Cells
- Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/genetics
- Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/metabolism
- Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/pathology
- Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital/genetics
- Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital/metabolism
- Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital/pathology
- Humans
- Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-2/genetics
- Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-2/metabolism
- Mice
- Mitochondria/genetics
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Myopia/genetics
- Myopia/metabolism
- Myopia/pathology
- Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome/genetics
- Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome/metabolism
- Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome/pathology
- Proteinuria/genetics
- Proteinuria/metabolism
- Proteinuria/pathology
- RAW 264.7 Cells
- Renal Tubular Transport, Inborn Errors/genetics
- Renal Tubular Transport, Inborn Errors/metabolism
- Renal Tubular Transport, Inborn Errors/pathology
- Signal Transduction
- Sirtuin 3/genetics
- Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics
- rab GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics
- rab GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingtian Li
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Selzman Institute for Kidney Health, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, ABBR R706, M/S BCM395, Houston, TX, 77030-3498, USA
| | - Fan Lei
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Selzman Institute for Kidney Health, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, ABBR R706, M/S BCM395, Houston, TX, 77030-3498, USA
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Tang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Selzman Institute for Kidney Health, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, ABBR R706, M/S BCM395, Houston, TX, 77030-3498, USA
- West China Medical Center of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jenny Szu-Chin Pan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Selzman Institute for Kidney Health, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, ABBR R706, M/S BCM395, Houston, TX, 77030-3498, USA
| | - Qiang Tong
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yuxiang Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science (NFSC), Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - David Sheikh-Hamad
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Selzman Institute for Kidney Health, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, ABBR R706, M/S BCM395, Houston, TX, 77030-3498, USA.
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Huang S, Ren Y, Wang X, Lazar L, Ma S, Weng G, Zhao J. Application of Ultrasound-Targeted Microbubble Destruction-Mediated Exogenous Gene Transfer in Treating Various Renal Diseases. Hum Gene Ther 2018; 30:127-138. [PMID: 30205715 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2018.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic renal disease or acute renal injury could result in end-stage renal disease or renal failure. Sonoporation, induced by ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD), has evolved as a new technology for gene delivery. It increases the transfection efficiency of the genes into target kidney tissues. Moreover, UTMD-mediated gene delivery can directly repair the damaged tissues or improve the recruitment and homing of stem cells in the recovery of injured tissues, which has the potential to act as a non-viral and effective method to current gene therapy. This article reviews the mechanisms and applications of UTMD in terms of renal disease, including diabetic nephropathy, renal carcinoma, acute kidney injury, renal interstitial fibrosis, nephrotoxic nephritis, urinary stones, and acute rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaishuai Huang
- 1 Urology and Nephrology Institute of Ningbo University, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, P.R. China
| | - Yu Ren
- 1 Urology and Nephrology Institute of Ningbo University, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, P.R. China
| | - Xue Wang
- 1 Urology and Nephrology Institute of Ningbo University, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, P.R. China
| | - Lissy Lazar
- 2 Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, Medicine School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, P.R. China
| | - Suya Ma
- 1 Urology and Nephrology Institute of Ningbo University, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, P.R. China
| | - Guobin Weng
- 1 Urology and Nephrology Institute of Ningbo University, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, P.R. China
| | - Jinshun Zhao
- 2 Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, Medicine School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, P.R. China
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Li N, Wang H, Jiang C, Zhang M. Renal ischemia/reperfusion-induced mitophagy protects against renal dysfunction via Drp1-dependent-pathway. Exp Cell Res 2018; 369:27-33. [PMID: 29704468 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is upregulated under stress conditions to degrade superfluous proteins and recycle damaged organelles including damaged mitochondria. However, the occurrence of mitochondrial autophagy and its contribution remain to be elucidated during renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). In this study, mitophagosomes and engulfed mitochondria were frequently observed by electron microscopy after renal IRI vs. control. Meanwhile, the increase of lipidated microtubule associated protein light chain 3 (LC3-II) and decrease of mitochondrial proteins were detected by western blot, suggesting the presence of mitophagy. Drp1 translocated to mitochondria and was phosphorylated at S616 in response to IRI. Interestingly, we found that inhibiting drp1 phosphorylation with mdivi-1 significantly suppressed IRI-induced mitophagy without affecting general autophagy. Furthermore, our results showed that downregulation of mitophagy significantly exacerbated cell apoptosis and markedly aggravated kidney dysfunction induced by IRI. Taken together, these data indicate that mitophagy was activated via Drp1-dependent pathway and such mitophagic clearance of damaged mitochondria protects cells from IRI-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Hengjin Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
| | - Chunming Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
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31
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Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are worldwide public health problems affecting millions of people and have rapidly increased in prevalence in recent years. Due to the multiple causes of renal failure, many animal models have been developed to advance our understanding of human nephropathy. Among these experimental models, rodents have been extensively used to enable mechanistic understanding of kidney disease induction and progression, as well as to identify potential targets for therapy. In this review, we discuss AKI models induced by surgical operation and drugs or toxins, as well as a variety of CKD models (mainly genetically modified mouse models). Results from recent and ongoing clinical trials and conceptual advances derived from animal models are also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Wu Bao
- Kidney Disease Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058, China. .,Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Kidney Disease Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058, China. .,Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Jiang-Hua Chen
- Kidney Disease Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Wei-Qiang Lin
- Kidney Disease Center, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058, China. .,Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058, China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Mitochondria are complex intracellular organelles with a variety of important functions. The kidney tubule is densely packed with mitochondria, and mitochondrial dysfunction is thought to be central to the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI). Mitochondria therefore represent potential targets for novel therapeutic interventions in AKI. RECENT FINDINGS Several mitochondrial targeted approaches have shown promise in recent preclinical studies of AKI, including measures to: reduce oxidative stress within mitochondria; prevent mitochondrial fission and activation of cell death pathways; enhance recycling of damaged mitochondria via autophagy and mitophagy; and accelerate mitochondrial biogenesis postinsult. SUMMARY Recent studies show that it is now eminently feasible to pharmacologically manipulate various key aspects of mitochondrial biology in the kidney, and this has much potential for the future treatment of AKI. However, significant hurdles will have to be overcome in the translational pathway for these strategies to successfully migrate to the clinic.
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Roddy GW, Yasumura D, Matthes MT, Alavi MV, Boye SL, Rosa RH, Fautsch MP, Hauswirth WW, LaVail MM. Long-term photoreceptor rescue in two rodent models of retinitis pigmentosa by adeno-associated virus delivery of Stanniocalcin-1. Exp Eye Res 2017; 165:175-181. [PMID: 28974356 PMCID: PMC5788186 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2017.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Retinal degenerations, including age-related macular degeneration and the retinitis pigmentosa family of diseases, are among the leading causes of legal blindness in the United States. We previously found that Stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1) reduced photoreceptor loss in the S334ter-3 and Royal College of Surgeons rat models of retinal degeneration. The results were attributed in part to a reduction in oxidative stress. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that long-term delivery of STC-1 would provide therapeutic rescue in more chronic models of retinal degeneration. To achieve sustained delivery, we produced an adeno-associated virus (AAV) construct to express STC-1 (AAV-STC-1) under the control of a retinal ganglion cell targeting promoter human synapsin 1 (hSYN1). AAV-STC-1 was injected intravitreally into the P23H-1 and S334ter-4 rhodopsin transgenic rats at postnatal day 10. Tissues were collected at postnatal day 120 for confirmation of STC-1 overexpression and histologic and molecular analysis. Electroretinography (ERG) was performed in a cohort of animals at that time. Overexpression of STC-1 resulted in a significant preservation of photoreceptors as assessed by outer nuclear thickness in the P23H-1 (P < 0.05) and the S334ter-4 (P < 0.005) models compared to controls. Additionally, retinal function was significantly improved in the P23H-1 model with overexpressed STC-1 as assessed by ERG analysis (scotopic b-wave P < 0.005 and photopic b-wave P < 0.05). Microarray analysis identified common downstream gene expression changes that occurred in both models. Genes of interest based on their function were selected for validation by quantitative real-time PCR and were significantly increased in the S334ter-4 model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin W Roddy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Douglas Yasumura
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Michael T Matthes
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - Marcel V Alavi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - Sanford L Boye
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Robert H Rosa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Scott & White Medical Center, Temple, TX 76508, USA.
| | | | - William W Hauswirth
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Matthew M LaVail
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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López JJ, Jardín I, Cantonero Chamorro C, Duran ML, Tarancón Rubio MJ, Reyes Panadero M, Jiménez F, Montero R, González MJ, Martínez M, Hernández MJ, Brull JM, Corbacho AJ, Delgado E, Granados MP, Gómez-Gordo L, Rosado JA, Redondo PC. Involvement of stanniocalcins in the deregulation of glycaemia in obese mice and type 2 diabetic patients. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 22:684-694. [PMID: 28990324 PMCID: PMC5742690 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Stanniocalcins are expressed in the pancreas tissue, and it was suggested a direct correlation between circulating insulin and STC2 concentrations in human. Here, we show a significant correlation between STC1 and both glycaemia and glycosylated haemoglobin among DM2 patients, while DM2 patients who present the greatest glycosylated haemoglobin values exhibited the lowest STC2 expression. However, treatment of patients with antiglycaemic drugs does not significantly modify the expression of both STCs. On the other hand, STC2‐/‐ mice that exhibited neonatal and adult overweight further presented deregulated glycaemia when they were feed with a hypercaloric diet (breeding pellet, BP). This alteration is more evident at the early stages of the animal life. Deregulated glycaemia in these mice was confirmed using glucose oral test. In addition, STC2‐/‐ mice present enhanced pancreas size; thus, the histological analysis reveals that WT mice respond to BP diet by increasing the size of the pancreatic islets through inducing cell division, and STC2‐/‐ mice lack this compensatory mechanism. Contrary, BP fed STC2‐/‐ mice show enhanced number of islets but of similar size than those fed with regular pellet. Histopathological analysis demonstrates tissue structure disruption and erythrocytes infiltrations in STC2‐/‐ mice, possibly due to the stress evoked by the BP diet. Finally, enhanced glucagon immunostaining was observed in the islet of STC2‐/‐ mice, and the glucagon ELISA assay confirmed the increase in the circulating glucagon. Summarizing, we present evidence of the role of STCs, mainly STC2, as a possible early marker during development of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Javier López
- Department of Physiology (Phycell), Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Isaac Jardín
- Department of Physiology (Phycell), Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | | | - Manuel Luis Duran
- Animal House of University of Extremadura, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | | | - Maria Reyes Panadero
- Animal House of University of Extremadura, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Francisca Jiménez
- Manuel Encinas's medical center, Extremadura Health Service, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Rocio Montero
- Manuel Encinas's medical center, Extremadura Health Service, Cáceres, Spain
| | | | - Manuel Martínez
- Manuel Encinas's medical center, Extremadura Health Service, Cáceres, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Luis Gómez-Gordo
- Department of Animal Medicine, Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Rosado
- Department of Physiology (Phycell), Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Pedro Cosme Redondo
- Department of Physiology (Phycell), Veterinary Faculty, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
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Kuang W, Zhang X, Zhu W, Lan Z. Ligustrazine modulates renal cysteine biosynthesis in rats exposed to cadmium. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 54:125-132. [PMID: 28710931 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of ligustrazine (TMP) on cadmium (Cd)-induced nephrotoxicity and its relevant mechanism. TMP (50mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) into rats 1h prior to CdCl2 exposure (at a Cd dose of 0.6mg/kg). TMP reversed Cd-induced nephrotoxicity, evidenced by the relatively normal architecture of the renal cortex. Additionally, TMP alleviated renal oxidative stress of rats that were exposed to Cd, evidenced by the decreased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), elevated levels of glutathione (GSH) and GSH/GSSG (glutathione disulfide) ratios. Furthermore, TMP also raised the decreased levels of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and cystathionine involved in cysteine biosynthesis in rats exposed to Cd. Further analysis revealed that TMP treatment upregulated expression of several proteins involved in cysteine biosynthesis including methionine adenosyltransferases (MATs) and cystathionine-beta-synthase (CBS). Taken together, these results suggest that TMP remodeled metabolomics of cysteine biosynthesis in rat kidneys and attenuated Cd-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Kuang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100016, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wufu Zhu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Zhou Lan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China.
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Stanniocalcin-1 Protects a Mouse Model from Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Affecting ROS-Mediated Multiple Signaling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071051. [PMID: 27420048 PMCID: PMC4964427 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1) protects against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI). However, the molecular mechanisms remain widely unknown. STC-1 inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS), whereas most ROS-mediated pathways are associated with ischemic injury. Therefore, to explore the mechanism, the effects of STC-1 on ROS-medicated pathways were studied. Non-traumatic vascular clamps were used to establish RIRI mouse models. The serum levels of STC-1, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interferon (IFN) γ, P53, and capase-3 were measured by ELISA kits. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured by fluorescence spectrofluorometer. All these molecules changed significantly in a RIRI model mouse when compared with those in a sham control. Kidney cells were isolated from sham and model mice. STC-1 was overexpressed or knockout in these kidney cells. The molecules in ROS-medicated pathways were measured by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot. The results showed that STC-1 is an effective ROS scavenger. The serum levels of STC-1, MDA and SOD activity were increased while the serum levels of IL-6, iIFN-γ, P53, and capase-3 were decreased in a model group when compared with a sham control (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the levels of STC-1,p53, phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (p-MEKK-1), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), IkB kinase (p-IKK), nuclear factor (NF) κB, apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK-1) and caspase-3 changed significantly in kidney cells isolated from a RIRI model when compared to those isolated from a sham control (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, STC-1 overexpression or silence caused significant changes of the levels of these ROS-mediated molecules. Therefore, STC-1 maybe improve anti-inflammation, anti-oxidant and anti-apoptosis activities by affecting ROS-mediated pathways, especially the phospho-modifications of the respective proteins, resulting in the increase of SOD and reduce of capase-3, p53, IL-6 and IFN-γ.
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Zhang LM, Liu JH, Xue CB, Li MQ, Xing S, Zhang X, He WT, Jiang FC, Lu X, Zhou P. Pharmacological inhibition of MyD88 homodimerization counteracts renal ischemia reperfusion-induced progressive renal injury in vivo and in vitro. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26954. [PMID: 27246399 PMCID: PMC4887891 DOI: 10.1038/srep26954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of innate immunity via myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) contributes to ischemia reperfusion (I/R) induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney injury. However, since there have not yet been any effective therapy, the exact pharmacological role of MyD88 in the prevention and treatment of renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is not known. We designed a small molecular compound, TJ-M2010-2, which inhibited MyD88 homodimerization. We used an established unilateral I/R mouse model. All mice undergoing 80 min ischemia through uninephrectomy died within five days without intervention. However, treatment with TJ-M2010-2 alone significantly improved the survival rate to 58.3%. Co-treatment of TJ-M2010-2 with the CD154 antagonist increased survival rates up to 100%. Twenty-eight days post-I/R of 60 min ischemia without nephrectomy, TJ-M2010-2 markedly attenuated renal interstitial and inhibited TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of renal tubular epithelial cells. Furthermore, TJ-M2010-2 remarkably inhibited TLR/MyD88 signaling in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, our findings highlight the promising clinical potential of MyD88 inhibitor in preventing and treating acute or chronic renal I/R injuries, and the therapeutic functionality of dual-system inhibition strategy in IRI-induced AKI. Moreover, MyD88 inhibition ameliorates renal I/R injury-induced tubular interstitial fibrosis by suppressing EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Min Zhang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health, and Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jian-Hua Liu
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health, and Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Cheng-Biao Xue
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University; Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan 430071, China
| | | | - Shuai Xing
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health, and Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health, and Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Wen-Tao He
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Feng-Chao Jiang
- Academy of Pharmacology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xia Lu
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health, and Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health, and Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430030, China
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Yang Y, Song M, Liu Y, Liu H, Sun L, Peng Y, Liu F, Venkatachalam MA, Dong Z. Renoprotective approaches and strategies in acute kidney injury. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 163:58-73. [PMID: 27108948 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major renal disease associated with high mortality rate and increasing prevalence. Decades of research have suggested numerous chemical and biological agents with beneficial effects in AKI. In addition, cell therapy and molecular targeting have been explored for reducing kidney tissue damage and promoting kidney repair or recovery from AKI. Mechanistically, these approaches may mitigate oxidative stress, inflammation, cell death, and mitochondrial and other organellar damage, or activate cytoprotective mechanisms such as autophagy and pro-survival factors. However, none of these findings has been successfully translated into clinical treatment of AKI. In this review, we analyze these findings and propose experimental strategies for the identification of renoprotective agents or methods with clinical potential. Moreover, we propose the consideration of combination therapy by targeting multiple targets in AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Meifang Song
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Youming Peng
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fuyou Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | | | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA.
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Ohkouchi S, Ono M, Kobayashi M, Hirano T, Tojo Y, Hisata S, Ichinose M, Irokawa T, Ogawa H, Kurosawa H. Myriad Functions of Stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) Cover Multiple Therapeutic Targets in the Complicated Pathogenesis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF). CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-CIRCULATORY RESPIRATORY AND PULMONARY MEDICINE 2015; 9:91-6. [PMID: 26740747 PMCID: PMC4696838 DOI: 10.4137/ccrpm.s23285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an intractable disease for which the pathological findings are characterized by temporal and spatial heterogeneity. The pathogenesis is composed of myriad factors, including repetitive injuries to epithelial cells, alterations in immunity, the formation of vascular leakage and coagulation, abnormal wound healing, fibrogenesis, and collagen accumulation. Therefore, the molecular target drugs that are used or attempted for treatment or clinical trials may not cover the myriad therapeutic targets of IPF. In addition, the complicated pathogenesis results in a lack of informative biomarkers to diagnose accurately the status of IPF. These facts point out the necessity of using a combination of drugs, that is, each single drug with molecular targets or a single drug with multiple therapeutic targets. In this review, we introduce a humoral factor, stanniocalcin-1 (STC1), which has myriad functions, including the maintenance of calcium homeostasis, the promotion of early wound healing, uncoupling respiration (aerobic glycolysis), reepithelialization in damaged tissues, the inhibition of vascular leakage, and the regulation of macrophage functions to keep epithelial and endothelial homeostasis, which may adequately cover the myriad therapeutic targets of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Ohkouchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; Department of Occupational Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Manabu Ono
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Makoto Kobayashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Taizou Hirano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yutaka Tojo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shu Hisata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Masakazu Ichinose
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toshiya Irokawa
- Department of Occupational Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Ogawa
- Department of Occupational Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hajime Kurosawa
- Department of Occupational Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Simeoni L, Thurm C, Kritikos A, Linkermann A. Redox homeostasis, T cells and kidney diseases: three faces in the dark. Clin Kidney J 2015; 9:1-10. [PMID: 26798455 PMCID: PMC4720211 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfv135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The redox equilibrium is crucial for the maintenance of immune homeostasis. Here, we summarize recent data showing that oxidation regulates T-cell functions and that alterations of the redox equilibrium may play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory conditions affecting the kidneys. We further discuss potential links between oxidation, T cells and renal diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, renal ischaemia/reperfusion injury, end-stage renal disease and hypertension. The basic understanding of oxidation as a means by which diseases are directly affected results in unexpected pathophysiological similarities. Finally, we describe potential therapeutic options targeting redox systems for the treatment of nephropathies affecting humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Simeoni
- Otto-von-Guericke University, Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Christoph Thurm
- Otto-von-Guericke University, Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Andreas Kritikos
- Otto-von-Guericke University, Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Andreas Linkermann
- Clinic for Nephrology and Hypertension , Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel , Germany
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Huang L, Zhang L, Ju H, Li Q, Pan JSC, Al-Lawati Z, Sheikh-Hamad D. Stanniocalcin-1 inhibits thrombin-induced signaling and protects from bleomycin-induced lung injury. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18117. [PMID: 26640170 PMCID: PMC4671147 DOI: 10.1038/srep18117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombin-induced and proteinase-activated receptor 1 (PAR1)-mediated signaling increases ROS production, activates ERK, and promotes inflammation and fibroblast proliferation in bleomycin-induced lung injury. Stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) activates anti-oxidant pathways, inhibits inflammation and provides cytoprotection; hence, we hypothesized that STC1 will inhibit thrombin/PAR1 signaling and protect from bleomycin-induced pneumonitis. We determined thrombin level and activity, thrombin-induced PAR-1-mediated signaling, superoxide generation and lung pathology after intra-tracheal administration of bleomycin to WT and STC1 Tg mice. Lungs of bleomycin-treated WT mice display: severe pneumonitis; increased generation of superoxide; vascular leak; increased thrombin protein abundance and activity; activation of ERK; greater cytokine/chemokine release and infiltration with T-cells and macrophages. Lungs of STC1 Tg mice displayed none of the above changes. Mechanistic analysis in cultured pulmonary epithelial cells (A549) suggests that STC1 inhibits thrombin-induced and PAR1-mediated ERK activation through suppression of superoxide. In conclusion, STC1 blunts bleomycin-induced rise in thrombin protein and activity, diminishes thrombin-induced signaling through PAR1 to ERK, and inhibits bleomycin-induced pneumonitis. Moreover, our study identifies a new set of cytokines/chemokines, which play a role in the pathogenesis of bleomycin-induced lung injury. These findings broaden the array of potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of lung diseases characterized by thrombin activation, oxidant stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luping Huang
- Division of Nephrology and Selzman Institute for Kidney Health/Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Lin Zhang
- Center of General Surgery, Chengdu General Hospital of Chengdu Military Area Command, Chengdu, P.R. China.,Division of Nephrology and Selzman Institute for Kidney Health/Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Huiming Ju
- Division of Nephrology and Selzman Institute for Kidney Health/Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 25009, Jiangsu, P.R.China
| | - Qingtian Li
- Division of Nephrology and Selzman Institute for Kidney Health/Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jenny Szu-Chin Pan
- Division of Nephrology and Selzman Institute for Kidney Health/Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Zahraa Al-Lawati
- Division of Nephrology and Selzman Institute for Kidney Health/Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - David Sheikh-Hamad
- Division of Nephrology and Selzman Institute for Kidney Health/Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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Tsuji N, Tsuji T, Ohashi N, Kato A, Fujigaki Y, Yasuda H. Role of Mitochondrial DNA in Septic AKI via Toll-Like Receptor 9. J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 27:2009-20. [PMID: 26574043 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2015040376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) contributes to the development of polymicrobial septic AKI. However, the mechanisms that activate the TLR9 pathway and cause kidney injury during sepsis remain unknown. To determine the role of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in TLR9-associated septic AKI, we established a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model of sepsis in wild-type (WT) and Tlr9-knockout (Tlr9KO) mice. We evaluated systemic circulation and peritoneal cavity dynamics and immune response and tubular mitochondrial dysfunction to determine upstream and downstream effects on the TLR9 pathway, respectively. CLP increased mtDNA levels in the plasma and peritoneal cavity of WT and Tlr9KO mice in the early phase, but the increase in the peritoneal cavity was significantly higher in Tlr9KO mice than in WT mice. Concomitantly, leukocyte migration to the peritoneal cavity increased, and plasma cytokine production and splenic apoptosis decreased in Tlr9KO mice compared with WT mice. Furthermore, CLP-generated renal mitochondrial oxidative stress and mitochondrial vacuolization in the proximal tubules in the early phase were reversed in Tlr9KO mice. To elucidate the effects of mtDNA on immune response and kidney injury, we intravenously injected mice with mitochondrial debris (MTD), including substantial amounts of mtDNA. MTD caused an immune response similar to that induced by CLP, including upregulated levels of plasma IL-12, splenic apoptosis, and mitochondrial injury, but this effect was attenuated by Tlr9KO. Moreover, MTD-induced renal mitochondrial injury was abolished by DNase pretreatment. These findings suggest that mtDNA activates TLR9 and contributes to cytokine production, splenic apoptosis, and kidney injury during polymicrobial sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Akihiko Kato
- Blood Purification Unit, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan; and
| | - Yoshihide Fujigaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Trostel J, Garcia GE. Endogenous Inhibitors of Kidney Inflammation. JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY RESEARCH 2015; 1:61-68. [PMID: 26779569 PMCID: PMC4711276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Although inflammation is the physiological response to pathogen invasion and tissue damage, it can also be responsible for significant tissue damage. Therefore, the inflammatory response must be carefully regulated to prevent critical inflammatory damage to vital organs. Typically, local endogenous regulatory mechanisms adjust the magnitude of the response such that the injurious condition is resolved and homeostasis is mantained. Humoral mechanisms that restrain or inhibit inflammation include glucocorticoid hormones, anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and soluble cytokine receptors; other mediators facilitate tissue healing, like lipoxins and resolvins. There is growing evidence that inflammation plays a critical role in the development and progression of heart disease, cancer, stroke, diabetes, kidney diseases, sepsis, and several fibroproliferative disorders. Consequently, understanding the mechanisms that regulate inflammation may offer therapeutic targets for inhibiting the progression of several diseases. In this article, we review the significance of several novel endogenous anti-inflammatory mediators in the protection from kidney injury and the potential of these regulatory molecules as therapeutic targets for treatment of kidney inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Trostel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Gabriela E. Garcia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Ergin B, Bezemer R, Kandil A, Demirci-Tansel C, Ince C. TEMPOL has limited protective effects on renal oxygenation and hemodynamics but reduces kidney damage and inflammation in a rat model of renal ischemia/reperfusion by aortic clamping. J Clin Transl Res 2015; 1:1-13. [PMID: 30873445 PMCID: PMC6410622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Revised: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is a common clinical complication in critically ill patients that is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Renal I/R is a major cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) resulting from I/R-induced oxidative stress, sterile inflammation, and microcirculatory perfusion defects, which can be ameliorated with the superoxide scavenger TEMPOL. The most common cause of AKI in the clinical setting is aortic surgery with suprarenal aortic clamping. The protective effect of TEMPOL in aortic clamping-induced renal I/R has not been studied before. AIM To evaluate the protective effects of TEMPOL on oxidative stress, inflammation, tissue injury, and renal hemodynamics and oxygenation in a clinically representative rat model of I/R using aortic cross-clamping. METHODS Animals (N = 24) were either sham-operated or subjected to ischemia (30 min) and 90-min reperfusion, with or without TEMPOL treatment (15 min before ischemia and during entire reperfusion phase, 200 μmol/kg/h). Systemic and renal hemodynamics, renal oxygenation, and blood gas values were determined at 15 min and 90 min of reperfusion. At 90-min reperfusion, iNOS, inflammation (IL-6, MPO), oxidative stress (MDA), and tissue damage (NGAL, L-FABP) were determined in tissue biopsies. RESULTS TEMPOL administration at a cumulative dose of 400 μmol/kg conferred a protective effect on AKI in terms of reducing renal damage, inflammation, and iNOS activation. With respect to renal hemodynamics and oxygenation, TEMPOL only reduced renal vascular resistance to near-baseline levels at both reperfusion time points and partially ameliorated the I/R-induced drop microvascular partial tension of oxygen at 90 min reperfusion. Also, TEMPOL alleviated the I/R-induced metabolic acidosis. However, TEMPOL exerted no restorative effect in terms of the severely reduced mean arterial pressure, renal blood flow, and renal oxygen delivery and consumption. The renal oxygen extraction ratio remained unchanged during the 90-min reperfusion phase. Kidneys in all groups were anuric throughout the experiment. CONCLUSIONS This clinically representative renal I/R model, which entails both renal I/R and hind limb I/R as opposed to the standardly used renal I/R model that employs renal artery clamping, resulted in relatively moderate direct AKI. The damage was exacerbated by the perturbed systemic hemodynamics and metabolic acidosis as a result of the hind limb I/R. TEMPOL partially intervened in the factors that led to AKI as well as renal microvascular partial tension of oxygen and metabolic acidosis. However, more effective interventions should be devised for the mean arterial pressure drop (i.e., anuria) associated with aortic clamping and for restoring other critical renal hemodynamic and oxygenation parameters in order to improve post-I/R renal function. RELEVANCE FOR PATIENTS TEMPOL is a promising compound that has been shown to protect kidneys from I/R damage, which is relevant in kidney transplantation, pancreas transplantation, and aortic aneurysm repair in kidney transplant patients. This study suggests that intervening with TEMPOL is not sufficient to ensure optimal clinical outcome in patients that have undergone aortic clamping and that more effective interventions should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bulent Ergin
- Department of Translational Physiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rick Bezemer
- Department of Translational Physiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Asli Kandil
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cihan Demirci-Tansel
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Can Ince
- Department of Translational Physiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Severe Nephrotoxic Nephritis following Conditional and Kidney-Specific Knockdown of Stanniocalcin-1. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138440. [PMID: 26393521 PMCID: PMC4579070 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is the hallmark of nephrotoxic nephritis. Stanniocalcin-1 (STC1), a pro-survival factor, inhibits macrophages, stabilizes endothelial barrier function, and diminishes trans-endothelial migration of leukocytes; consistently, transgenic (Tg) overexpression of STC1 protects from nephrotoxic nephritis. Herein, we sought to determine the phenotype of nephrotoxic nephritis after conditional and kidney-specific knockdown of STC1. METHODS We used Tg mice that, express either STC1 shRNA (70% knockdown of STC1 within 4d) or scrambled shRNA (control) upon delivery of Cre-expressing plasmid to the kidney using ultrasound microbubble technique. Sheep anti-mouse GBM antibody was administered 4d after shRNA activation; and mice were euthanized 10 days later for analysis. RESULTS Serum creatinine, proteinuria, albuminuria and urine output were similar 10 days after anti-GBM delivery in both groups; however, anti-GBM antibody delivery to mice with kidney-specific knockdown of STC1 produced severe nephrotoxic nephritis, characterized by severe tubular necrosis, glomerular hyalinosis/necrosis and massive cast formation, while control mice manifested mild tubular injury and crescentic glomerulonephritis. Surprisingly, the expression of cytokines/chemokines and infiltration with T-cells and macrophages were also diminished in STC1 knockdown kidneys. Staining for sheep anti-mouse GBM antibody, deposition of mouse C3 and IgG in the kidney, and antibody response to sheep IgG were equal. CONCLUSIONS nephrotoxic nephritis after kidney-specific knockdown of STC1 is characterized by severe tubular and glomerular necrosis, possibly due to loss of STC1-mediated pro-survival factors, and we attribute the paucity of inflammation to diminished release of cytokines/chemokines/growth factors from the necrotic epithelium.
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Abstract
As the impact of ischemia reperfusion injury on graft outcome is now well defined, efforts are made towards decreasing these lesions, typically through the improvement of preservation techniques. The use of pharmacological supplements which could be compatible with any preservation solution used by the transplant center and target specific pathways of IR is an interesting strategy to improve graft quality. However, the extensive number of studies showing the benefits a molecule in an animal model of IR without thorough mechanistic determination of the effects of this agent make it difficult to opt for specific pharmaceutical intervention. Herein we expose studies which demonstrate the benefits of several molecules relying on a thorough mechanical analysis of the events occurring during preservation, both at the cellular and the systemic levels. We believe this approach is the most appropriate to truly understand the potential benefits of a molecule and particularly to design a comprehensive pharmaceutical regiment, with several agents acting synergistically against IR, to improve organ preservation and graft outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Saint Yves
- Inserm U1082, université de Poitiers, CHU La Miletrie, 86000 Poitiers, France; Service d'Urologie, CHU La Miletrie, 86000 Poitiers, France
| | - P-O Delpech
- Inserm U1082, université de Poitiers, CHU La Miletrie, 86000 Poitiers, France; Service d'Urologie, CHU La Miletrie, 86000 Poitiers, France
| | - S Giraud
- Inserm U1082, université de Poitiers, CHU La Miletrie, 86000 Poitiers, France
| | - R Thuillier
- Inserm U1082, université de Poitiers, CHU La Miletrie, 86000 Poitiers, France.
| | - T Hauet
- Inserm U1082, université de Poitiers, CHU La Miletrie, 86000 Poitiers, France
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Ma X, Gu L, Li H, Gao Y, Li X, Shen D, Gong H, Li S, Niu S, Zhang Y, Fan Y, Huang Q, Lyu X, Zhang X. Hypoxia-induced overexpression of stanniocalcin-1 is associated with the metastasis of early stage clear cell renal cell carcinoma. J Transl Med 2015; 13:56. [PMID: 25740019 PMCID: PMC4337255 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0421-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although metastasis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is predominantly observed in late stage tumors, early stage metastasis of ccRCC can also be found with indefinite molecular mechanism, leading to inappropriate clinical decisions and poor prognosis. Stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) is a glycoprotein hormone involved in calcium/phosphate homeostasis, which regulates various cellular processes in normal development and tumorigenesis. This study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of regulation of STC1 in the metastasis of early stage ccRCC. Methods STC1 mRNA and protein expression was determined in ccRCC surgical specimens, RCC cell lines, and human kidney tubule epithelial cell line HKC by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting. Immunohistochemistry staining (IHC) and immunofluorescence were also used to examine the expression and localization of STC1 in ccRCC tissues and cancer cells. Knockdown and overexpression studies were conducted in vitro in RCC cell lines using small interfering RNAs (siRNA) and lentiviral-mediated gene delivery to evaluate the role of STC1 in cell proliferation, anchorage-dependent and independent growth, cell cycle control, and migration and invasion. Results STC1 mRNA and protein expression were significantly up-regulated in tumors when compared with non-tumor tissues, with the greatest increase in expression observed in metastatic tissues. Clinicopathological analysis revealed that STC1 mRNA expression was associated with Fuhrman tumor grade (P = 0.008) and overall Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) staging (P = 0.018). STC1 expression was elevated in T1 stage metastatic tumors when compared with localized tumors, and was positively correlated with average tumor diameter. Silencing of STC1 expression by Caki-1 and A498 resulted in the inhibition of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, meanwhile down-regulation of STC1 impaired epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of ccRCC cell lines. Overexpression of STC1 in Caki-2 enhanced cell growth and proliferation but not migration and invasion. Further investigation identified hypoxia and HIF-1α as candidate regulators of STC1 expression. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate a role for STC1 in metastasis of early stage ccRCC and suggest that STC1 may be a biomarker of potential value both for the prognosis of this disease and for guiding clinical decisions regarding surgical strategies and adjuvant treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12967-015-0421-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ma
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.
| | - Liangyou Gu
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.
| | - Hongzhao Li
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.
| | - Xintao Li
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.
| | - Donglai Shen
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.
| | - Huijie Gong
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.
| | - Shichao Li
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.
| | - Shaoxi Niu
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.
| | - Yang Fan
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.
| | - Qingbo Huang
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiangjun Lyu
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Urology/State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital/PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.
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Recombinant Adeno-associated Virus–Delivered Hypoxia-inducible Stanniocalcin-1 Expression Effectively Inhibits Hypoxia-induced Cell Apoptosis in Cardiomyocytes. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2014; 64:522-9. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Mittwede PN, Xiang L, Lu S, Clemmer JS, Hester RL. Oxidative stress contributes to orthopedic trauma-induced acute kidney injury in obese rats. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2014; 308:F157-63. [PMID: 25428128 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00537.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
After trauma, obese patients have an increased risk of developing acute kidney injury (AKI). We have demonstrated that obese Zucker (OZ) rats, but not lean Zucker (LZ) rats, develop AKI 24 h after orthopedic trauma. ROS have been implicated in the pathophysiology of AKI in models of critical illness. However, the contribution of ROS to trauma-induced AKI in the setting of obesity has not been determined. We hypothesized that AKI in OZ rats after trauma is mediated by increased oxidative stress. Male LZ and OZ rats were divided into control and trauma groups, with a subset receiving treatment after trauma with the antioxidant apocynin (50 mg/kg ip, 2 mM in drinking water). The day after trauma, glomerular filtration rate, plasma creatinine, urine kidney injury molecule-1, and albumin excretion as well as renal oxidant and antioxidant activity were measured. After trauma, compared with LZ rats, OZ rats exhibited a significant decrease in glomerular filtration rate along with significant increases in plasma creatinine and urine kidney injury molecule-1 and albumin excretion. Additionally, oxidative stress was significantly increased in OZ rats, as evidenced by increased renal NADPH oxidase activity and urine lipid peroxidation products (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances), and OZ rats also had suppressed renal superoxide dismutase activity. Apocynin treatment significantly decreased oxidative stress and AKI in OZ rats but had minimal effects in LZ rats. These results suggest that ROS play an important role in AKI in OZ rats after traumatic injury and that ROS may be a potential future therapeutic target in the obese after trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter N Mittwede
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Lusha Xiang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Silu Lu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - John S Clemmer
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Robert L Hester
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
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Ito Y, Zemans R, Correll K, Yang IV, Ahmad A, Gao B, Mason RJ. Stanniocalcin-1 is induced by hypoxia inducible factor in rat alveolar epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 452:1091-7. [PMID: 25251473 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alveolar type II (ATII) cells remain differentiated and express surfactant proteins when cultured at an air-liquid (A/L) interface. When cultured under submerged conditions, ATII cells dedifferentiate and change their gene expression profile. We have previously shown that gene expression under submerged conditions is regulated by hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) signaling due to focal hypoxia resulting from ATII cell metabolism. Herein, we sought to further define gene expression changes in ATII cells cultured under submerged conditions. We performed a genome wide microarray on RNA extracted from rat ATII cells cultured under submerged conditions for 24-48h after switching from an A/L interface. We found significant alterations in gene expression, including upregulation of the HIF target genes stanniocalcin-1 (STC1), tyrosine hydroxylase (Th), enolase (Eno) 2, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 13, and we verified upregulation of these genes by RT-PCR. Because STC1, a highly evolutionarily conserved glycoprotein with anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidant, and wound healing properties, is widely expressed in the lung, we further explored the potential functions of STC1 in the alveolar epithelium. We found that STC1 was induced by hypoxia and HIF in rat ATII cells, and this induction occurred rapidly and reversibly. We also showed that recombinant human STC1 (rhSTC1) enhanced cell motility with extended lamellipodia formation in alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) monolayers but did not inhibit the oxidative damage induced by LPS. We also confirmed that STC1 was upregulated by hypoxia and HIF in human lung epithelial cells. In this study, we have found that several HIF target genes including STC1 are upregulated in AECs by a submerged condition, that STC1 is regulated by hypoxia and HIF, that this regulation is rapidly and reversibly, and that STC1 enhances wound healing moderately in AEC monolayers. However, STC1 did not inhibit oxidative damage in rat AECs stimulated by LPS in vitro. Therefore, alterations in gene expression by ATII cells under submerged conditions including STC1 were largely induced by hypoxia and HIF, which may be relevant to our understanding of the pathogenesis of various lung diseases in which the alveolar epithelium is exposed to relative hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Ito
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA.
| | - Rachel Zemans
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kelly Correll
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Ivana V Yang
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Aftab Ahmad
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Bifeng Gao
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Robert J Mason
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
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