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Li S, Yang Z, Zhang H, Peng M, Ma H. (-)-Hydroxycitric Acid Influenced Fat Metabolism via Modulating of Glucose-6-phosphate Isomerase Expression in Chicken Embryos. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:7336-7347. [PMID: 31184119 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The current research aimed to explore the impact of (-)-hydroxycitric acid (HCA) on fat metabolism and investigate whether this action of (-)-HCA was associated with modulation of glucose-6-phosphote isomerase (GPI) expression in chicken embryos. We constructed a recombinant plasmid (sh2-GPI) to inhibit GPI expression, and then embryos were treated with (-)-HCA. Results showed that (-)-HCA reduced lipid droplet accumulation, triglyceride content, and lipogenesis factors mRNA level and increased lipolysis factors mRNA expression, while this effect caused by (-)-HCA was markedly reversed when the chicken embryos were pretreated with sh2-GPI. (-)-HCA increased phospho (p)-acetyl-CoA carboxylase, enoyl-CoA hydratase short chain-1, carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1A, p-AMP-activated protein kinase, and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor α protein expression, and this action of (-)-HCA also dispelled when the chicken embryos were pretreated with sh2-GPI. These data demonstrated that (-)-HCA decreased fat deposition via activation of the AMPK pathway, and the fat-reduction action of (-)-HCA was due to the increasing of GPI expression in chicken embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
| | - Zhongmiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
| | - Huihui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
| | - Mengling Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology , Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei 230036 , China
| | - Haitian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095 , China
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Tassi E, Garman KA, Schmidt MO, Ma X, Kabbara KW, Uren A, Tomita Y, Goetz R, Mohammadi M, Wilcox CS, Riegel AT, Carlstrom M, Wellstein A. Fibroblast Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 (FGFBP3) impacts carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15973. [PMID: 30374109 PMCID: PMC6206164 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34238-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted FGF binding proteins (FGFBP) mobilize locally-acting paracrine FGFs from their extracellular storage. Here, we report that FGFBP3 (BP3) modulates fat and glucose metabolism in mouse models of metabolic syndrome. BP3 knockout mice exhibited altered lipid metabolism pathways with reduced hepatic and serum triglycerides. In obese mice the expression of exogenous BP3 reduced hyperglycemia, hepatosteatosis and weight gain, blunted de novo lipogenesis in liver and adipose tissues, increased circulating adiponectin and decreased NEFA. The BP3 protein interacts with endocrine FGFs through its C-terminus and thus enhances their signaling. We propose that BP3 may constitute a new therapeutic to reverse the pathology associated with metabolic syndrome that includes nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tassi
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, School of Medicine, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Khalid A Garman
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, School of Medicine, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Marcel O Schmidt
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, School of Medicine, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Xiaoting Ma
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, School of Medicine, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Khaled W Kabbara
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, School of Medicine, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Aykut Uren
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, School of Medicine, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - York Tomita
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, School of Medicine, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Regina Goetz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Moosa Mohammadi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Christopher S Wilcox
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Kidney, and Vascular Research Center, Georgetown University, School of Medicine, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Anna T Riegel
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, School of Medicine, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Mattias Carlstrom
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Kidney, and Vascular Research Center, Georgetown University, School of Medicine, Washington, DC, 20007, USA.,Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet S-17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anton Wellstein
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, School of Medicine, Washington, DC, 20007, USA.
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Tassi E, Lai EY, Li L, Solis G, Chen Y, Kietzman WE, Ray PE, Riegel AT, Welch WJ, Wilcox CS, Wellstein A. Blood Pressure Control by a Secreted FGFBP1 (Fibroblast Growth Factor-Binding Protein). Hypertension 2018; 71:160-167. [PMID: 29158353 PMCID: PMC5730494 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.117.10268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) participate in organ development and tissue maintenance, as well as the control of vascular function. The paracrine-acting FGFs are stored in the extracellular matrix, and their release is controlled by a secreted FGF-binding protein (FGF-BP, FGFBP1, and BP1) that modulates FGF receptor signaling. A genetic polymorphism in the human FGFBP1 gene was associated with higher gene expression and an increased risk of familial hypertension. Here, we report on the effects of inducible BP1 expression in a transgenic mouse model. Induction of BP1 expression in adult animals leads to a sustained rise in mean arterial pressure by >30 mm Hg. The hypertensive effect of BP1 expression is prevented by candesartan, an angiotensin II (AngII) receptor antagonist, or by tempol, an inhibitor of reactive oxygen species. In vivo, BP1 expression sensitizes peripheral resistance vessels to AngII constriction by 20-fold but does not alter adrenergic vasoconstriction. FGF receptor kinase inhibition reverses the sensitization to AngII. Also, constriction of isolated renal afferent arterioles by AngII is enhanced after BP1 expression and blocked by FGF receptor kinase inhibition. Furthermore, AngII-mediated constriction of renal afferent arterioles is abolished in FGF2-/- mice but can be restored by add-back of FGF2 plus BP1 proteins. In contrast to AngII, adrenergic constriction is not affected in the FGF2-/- model. Proteomics and gene expression analysis of kidney tissues after BP1 induction show that MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) signaling via MKK4 (MAPK kinase 4), p38, and JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) integrates the crosstalk of the FGF receptor and AngII pathways and thus impact vascular tone and blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tassi
- From the Lombardi Cancer Center (E.T., W.E.K., A.T.R., A.W.) and Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (E.Y.L., L.L., G.S., Y.C., W.J.W., C.S.W.), Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (E.Y.L.); and Children's National Medical Center, George Washington University, DC (P.E.R.)
| | - En Yin Lai
- From the Lombardi Cancer Center (E.T., W.E.K., A.T.R., A.W.) and Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (E.Y.L., L.L., G.S., Y.C., W.J.W., C.S.W.), Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (E.Y.L.); and Children's National Medical Center, George Washington University, DC (P.E.R.)
| | - Lingli Li
- From the Lombardi Cancer Center (E.T., W.E.K., A.T.R., A.W.) and Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (E.Y.L., L.L., G.S., Y.C., W.J.W., C.S.W.), Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (E.Y.L.); and Children's National Medical Center, George Washington University, DC (P.E.R.)
| | - Glenn Solis
- From the Lombardi Cancer Center (E.T., W.E.K., A.T.R., A.W.) and Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (E.Y.L., L.L., G.S., Y.C., W.J.W., C.S.W.), Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (E.Y.L.); and Children's National Medical Center, George Washington University, DC (P.E.R.)
| | - Yifan Chen
- From the Lombardi Cancer Center (E.T., W.E.K., A.T.R., A.W.) and Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (E.Y.L., L.L., G.S., Y.C., W.J.W., C.S.W.), Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (E.Y.L.); and Children's National Medical Center, George Washington University, DC (P.E.R.)
| | - William E Kietzman
- From the Lombardi Cancer Center (E.T., W.E.K., A.T.R., A.W.) and Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (E.Y.L., L.L., G.S., Y.C., W.J.W., C.S.W.), Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (E.Y.L.); and Children's National Medical Center, George Washington University, DC (P.E.R.)
| | - Patricio E Ray
- From the Lombardi Cancer Center (E.T., W.E.K., A.T.R., A.W.) and Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (E.Y.L., L.L., G.S., Y.C., W.J.W., C.S.W.), Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (E.Y.L.); and Children's National Medical Center, George Washington University, DC (P.E.R.)
| | - Anna T Riegel
- From the Lombardi Cancer Center (E.T., W.E.K., A.T.R., A.W.) and Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (E.Y.L., L.L., G.S., Y.C., W.J.W., C.S.W.), Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (E.Y.L.); and Children's National Medical Center, George Washington University, DC (P.E.R.)
| | - William J Welch
- From the Lombardi Cancer Center (E.T., W.E.K., A.T.R., A.W.) and Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (E.Y.L., L.L., G.S., Y.C., W.J.W., C.S.W.), Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (E.Y.L.); and Children's National Medical Center, George Washington University, DC (P.E.R.)
| | - Christopher S Wilcox
- From the Lombardi Cancer Center (E.T., W.E.K., A.T.R., A.W.) and Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (E.Y.L., L.L., G.S., Y.C., W.J.W., C.S.W.), Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (E.Y.L.); and Children's National Medical Center, George Washington University, DC (P.E.R.)
| | - Anton Wellstein
- From the Lombardi Cancer Center (E.T., W.E.K., A.T.R., A.W.) and Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (E.Y.L., L.L., G.S., Y.C., W.J.W., C.S.W.), Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (E.Y.L.); and Children's National Medical Center, George Washington University, DC (P.E.R.).
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4
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Jerebtsova M, Das JR, Tang P, Wong E, Ray PE. Angiopoietin-1 prevents severe bleeding complications induced by heparin-like drugs and fibroblast growth factor-2 in mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 309:H1314-25. [PMID: 26276817 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00373.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Critically ill children can develop bleeding complications when treated with heparin-like drugs. These events are usually attributed to the anticoagulant activity of these drugs. However, previous studies showed that fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), a heparin-binding growth factor released in the circulation of these patients, could precipitate intestinal hemorrhages in mice treated with the heparin-like drug pentosan polysulfate (PPS). Yet very little is known about how FGF-2 induces bleeding complications in combination with heparin-like drugs. Here, we examined the mechanisms by which circulating FGF-2 induces intestinal hemorrhages in mice treated with PPS. We used a well-characterized mouse model of intestinal hemorrhages induced by FGF-2 plus PPS. Adult FVB/N mice were infected with adenovirus carrying Lac-Z or a secreted form of recombinant human FGF-2, and injected with PPS, at doses that do not induce bleeding complications per se. Mice treated with FGF-2 in combination with PPS developed an intestinal inflammatory reaction that increased the permeability and disrupted the integrity of submucosal intestinal vessels. These changes, together with the anticoagulant activity of PPS, induced lethal hemorrhages. Moreover, a genetically modified form of the endothelial ligand angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1*), which has powerful antipermeability and anti-inflammatory activity, prevented the lethal bleeding complications without correcting the anticoagulant status of these mice. These findings define new mechanisms through which FGF-2 and Ang-1* modulate the outcome of intestinal bleeding complications induced by PPS in mice and may have wider clinical implications for critically ill children treated with heparin-like drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Jerebtsova
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Jharna R Das
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Pingtao Tang
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Edward Wong
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia; Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Patricio E Ray
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia; Division of Nephrology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia; and Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia
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5
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Cuevas P, Outeiriño LA, Azanza C, Angulo J, Giménez-Gallego G. Dramatic resolution of vitreous hemorrhage after an intravitreal injection of dobesilate. Mil Med Res 2015; 2:23. [PMID: 26357547 PMCID: PMC4563831 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-015-0050-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitreous hemorrhages are important clinical manifestations of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Non-cleared vitreous hemorrhages could lead to hemosiderosis bulbi and glaucoma. Here, we describe the case of a type 2 diabetic patient presenting anterior segment and vitreous hemorrhages that resolved three days after treatment with a single intravitreal injection of dobesilate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Cuevas
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Alfonso X, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Azanza
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital de Día Pío XII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Angulo
- Servicio de Histología, Departamento, de Investigación, IRYCIS, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Giménez-Gallego
- Departamento de Estructura y Función de Proteínas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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6
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Role of the nuclear receptor coactivator AIB1/SRC-3 in angiogenesis and wound healing. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2012; 180:1474-84. [PMID: 22342158 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Revised: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear receptor coactivator amplified in breast cancer 1 (AIB1/SRC-3) has a well-defined role in steroid and growth factor signaling in cancer and normal epithelial cells. Less is known about its function in stromal cells, although AIB1/SRC-3 is up-regulated in tumor stroma and may, thus, contribute to tumor angiogenesis. Herein, we show that AIB1/SRC-3 depletion from cultured endothelial cells reduces their proliferation and motility in response to growth factors and prevents the formation of intact monolayers with tight junctions and of endothelial tubes. In AIB1/SRC-3(+/-) and (-/-) mice, the angiogenic responses to subcutaneous Matrigel implants was reduced by two-thirds, and exogenously added fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 2 did not overcome this deficiency. Furthermore, AIB1/SRC-3(+/-) and (-/-) mice showed similarly delayed healing of full-thickness excisional skin wounds, indicating that both alleles were required for proper tissue repair. Analysis of this defective wound healing showed reduced recruitment of inflammatory cells and macrophages, cytokine induction, and metalloprotease activity. Skin grafts from animals with different AIB1 genotypes and subsequent wounding of the grafts revealed that the defective healing was attributable to local factors and not to defective bone marrow responses. Indeed, wounds in AIB1(+/-) mice showed reduced expression of FGF10, FGFBP3, FGFR1, FGFR2b, and FGFR3, major local drivers of angiogenesis. We conclude that AIB1/SRC-3 modulates stromal cell responses via cross-talk with the FGF signaling pathway.
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7
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Werner S. A novel enhancer of the wound healing process: the fibroblast growth factor-binding protein. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2011; 179:2144-7. [PMID: 21964189 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Werner
- Department of Biology, Institute of Cell Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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8
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Tassi E, McDonnell K, Gibby KA, Tilan JU, Kim SE, Kodack DP, Schmidt MO, Sharif GM, Wilcox CS, Welch WJ, Gallicano GI, Johnson MD, Riegel AT, Wellstein A. Impact of fibroblast growth factor-binding protein-1 expression on angiogenesis and wound healing. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2011; 179:2220-32. [PMID: 21945411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2011] [Revised: 07/07/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) participate in embryonic development, in maintenance of tissue homeostasis in the adult, and in various diseases. FGF-binding proteins (FGFBP) are secreted proteins that chaperone FGFs stored in the extracellular matrix to their receptor, and can thus modulate FGF signaling. FGFBP1 (alias BP1, FGF-BP1, or HBp17) expression is required for embryonic survival, can modulate FGF-dependent vascular permeability in embryos, and is an angiogenic switch in human cancers. To determine the function of BP1 in vivo, we generated tetracycline-regulated conditional BP1 transgenic mice. BP1-expressing adult mice are viable, fertile, and phenotypically indistinguishable from their littermates. Induction of BP1 expression increased mouse primary fibroblast motility in vitro, increased angiogenic sprouting into subcutaneous matrigel plugs in animals and accelerated the healing of excisional skin wounds. FGF-receptor kinase inhibitors blocked these effects. Healing skin wounds showed increased macrophage invasion as well as cell proliferation after BP1 expression. Also, BP1 expression increased angiogenesis during the healing of skin wounds as well as after ischemic injury to hindlimb skeletal muscles. We conclude that BP1 can enhance FGF effects that are required for the healing and repair of injured tissues in adult animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tassi
- Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
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9
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Stem cell therapy for critical limb ischaemia - a review. Indian J Surg 2009; 71:177-81. [PMID: 23133150 DOI: 10.1007/s12262-009-0059-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2009] [Accepted: 05/12/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Critical limb ischaemia is an intractable condition associated with high levels of amputation, leading to a low quality of life and increased morbidity and mortality. It is often not treatable by standard therapeutic modalities. Neoangiogenesis has been proposed as a novel method of treatment of such patients. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cytokine fibroblast growth factor (FGF-1) have been shown to elicit neoangiogenesis. Stem cells are progenitor cells which can differentiate in vivo into different types of cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a type of adult stem cells which have an immunomodulatory effect. Stem cell therapy has been used in animal studies to improve limb vascularity in rat and rabbit models. Several clinical studies have also validated their use for critical limb ischaemia. However many issues are still unresolved. These include the dosage, delivery and safety issues in relation to stem cell therapy. However stem cells are likely to be an important therapeutic modality to treat critical limb ischaemia in the near future.
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10
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Ardi VC, Van den Steen PE, Opdenakker G, Schweighofer B, Deryugina EI, Quigley JP. Neutrophil MMP-9 proenzyme, unencumbered by TIMP-1, undergoes efficient activation in vivo and catalytically induces angiogenesis via a basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2)/FGFR-2 pathway. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:25854-66. [PMID: 19608737 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.033472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The structural and catalytic requirements for neutrophil MMP-9 proenzyme (proMMP-9) to induce angiogenesis were investigated using a quantitative angiogenesis model based on grafting of collagen onplants onto the chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryos. Both physiological activation of neutrophil proMMP-9 and proteolytic activity of the generated MMP-9 enzyme were critically dependent on the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-free status of the zymogen. The presence of an intact active site and hemopexin domain were required for full angiogenesis-inducing activity of the MMP-9 enzyme. Timed additions of TIMP-1 to the onplants containing TIMP-free neutrophil proMMP-9 indicated that in vivo activation of the zymogen occurred during the first 24 h after grafting. Within the onplant tissue, MMP-9 activation was accompanied by proteolytic modifications of fibrillar collagen and an influx of host proteins, the rate of which depended on the TIMP-free status of the zymogen. By quantifying the levels of host angiogenic factors, we demonstrated that basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) was a major cytokine becoming bioavailable in the onplant tissue undergoing a neutrophil proMMP-9-mediated angiogenic switch. Inhibition of angiogenesis with specific function-blocking antibodies further indicated an involvement of a FGF-2/FGFR-2 pathway in neutrophil proMMP-9-induced angiogenesis. The enhanced angiogenesis catalyzed by neutrophil MMP-9 appears to evoke also a localized, low threshold level vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGFR-2 pathway, likely functioning in the formation and/or stabilization of blood vessels. That neutrophil proMMP-9, unencumbered by TIMP-1, directly mediates FGF-2-dependent angiogenesis was also demonstrated in our quantitative mouse angiogenesis model employing subcutaneous collagen implants, thus implicating the novel TIMP-free MMP-9/FGF-2/FGFR-2 pathway in proMMP-9-induced angiogenesis in a mammalian setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica C Ardi
- Department of Cell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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11
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A distinct role for secreted fibroblast growth factor-binding proteins in development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106:8585-90. [PMID: 19433791 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0810952106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
FGFs modulate diverse biological processes including embryonic development. Secreted FGF-binding proteins (BPs) can release FGFs from their local extracellular matrix storage, chaperone them to their cognate receptors, and thus modulate FGF signaling. Here we describe 2 chicken BP homologs (chBP) that show distinct expression peaks at embryonic days E7.5 (chBP2) and E11.5 (chBP1), although their tissue distribution is similar (skin = intestine>lung>heart, liver). Embryos were grown ex ovo to monitor the phenotypic impact of a timed in vivo knockdown of expression peaks by microinjection of specific siRNAs targeted to either of the chBPs. Knockdown of peak expression of chBP2 caused embryonic lethality within <5 days. Surviving embryos showed defective ventral wall closure indicative of altered dorsoventral patterning. This defect coincided with reduced expression of HoxB7 but not HoxB8 that are involved in the control of thoracic/abdominal segment morphology. Also, MAPK phosphatase 3, a negative regulator of FGF signaling, and sonic hedgehog that can participate in feedback control of the FGF pathway were reduced, reflecting altered FGF signaling. Knockdown of the chBP1 expression peak caused embryonic lethality within <3 days although no distinct morphologic phenotype or pathways alterations were apparent. We conclude that BPs play a significant role in fine-tuning the complex FGF signaling network during distinct phases of embryonic development.
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12
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Zhang W, Chen Y, Swift MR, Tassi E, Stylianou DC, Gibby KA, Riegel AT, Wellstein A. Effect of FGF-binding protein 3 on vascular permeability. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:28329-37. [PMID: 18669637 PMCID: PMC2568920 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m802144200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2008] [Revised: 07/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor-binding protein 1 (FGF-BP1 is BP1) is involved in the regulation of embryonic development, tumor growth, and angiogenesis by mobilizing endogenous FGFs from their extracellular matrix storage. Here we describe a new member of the FGF-BP family, human BP3. We show that the hBP3 protein is secreted from cells, binds to FGF2 in vitro and in intact cells, and inhibits FGF2 binding to heparin. To determine the function of hBP3 in vivo, hBP3 was transiently expressed in chicken embryos and resulted in > 50% lethality within 24 h because of vascular leakage. The onset of vascular permeability was monitored by recording the extravasation kinetics of FITC-labeled 40-kDa dextran microperfused into the vitelline vein of 3-day-old embryos. Vascular permeability increased as early as 8 h after expression of hBP3. The increased vascular permeability caused by hBP3 was prevented by treatment of embryos with PD173074, a selective FGFR kinase inhibitor. Interestingly, a C-terminal 66-amino acid fragment (C66) of hBP3, which contains the predicted FGF binding domain, still inhibited binding of FGF2 to heparin similar to full-length hBP3. However, expression of the C66 fragment did not increase vascular permeability on its own, but required the administration of exogenous FGF2 protein. We conclude that the FGF binding domain and the heparin binding domain are necessary for the hBP3 interaction with endogenous FGF and the activation of FGFR signaling in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Zhang
- Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
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13
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Murphy MP, Wang H, Patel AN, Kambhampati S, Angle N, Chan K, Marleau AM, Pyszniak A, Carrier E, Ichim TE, Riordan NH. Allogeneic endometrial regenerative cells: an "Off the shelf solution" for critical limb ischemia? J Transl Med 2008; 6:45. [PMID: 18713449 PMCID: PMC2533293 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-6-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2008] [Accepted: 08/19/2008] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is an advanced form of peripheral artery disease which is responsible for approximately 100,000 amputations per year in the US. Trials to date have reported clinical improvement and reduced need for amputation in CLI patients receiving autologous bone marrow or mobilized peripheral blood stem cells for stimulation of angiogenesis. While such treatments are currently entering Phase III trials, practical and scientific pitfalls will limit widespread implementation if efficacy is proven. Hurdles to be overcome include: a) reduced angiogenic potential of autologous cells in aged patients with cardiovascular risk factors; b) invasiveness/adverse effects of bone marrow extraction and G-CSF mobilization, respectively; and c) need for on-site cellular manipulation. The Endometrial Regenerative Cell (ERC) is a mesenchymal-like stem cell derived from the menstrual blood that is believed to be associated with endometrial angiogenesis. We discuss the possibility of using allogeneic ERCs as an "off the shelf" treatment for CLI based on the following properties: a) High levels of growth factors and matrix metalloprotease production; b) Ability to inhibits inflammatory responses and lack of immunogenicity; and c) Expandability to great quantities without loss of differentiation ability or karyotypic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Murphy
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana, USA
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Amit N Patel
- Dept of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | | | - Niren Angle
- Dept Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of California San Deigo, USA
| | - Kyle Chan
- Medistem Inc, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | | | - Ewa Carrier
- University of California Cancer Center, San Diego, California, USA
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14
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Tassi E, Wellstein A. The angiogenic switch molecule, secreted FGF-binding protein, an indicator of early stages of pancreatic and colorectal adenocarcinoma. Semin Oncol 2007; 33:S50-6. [PMID: 17178288 PMCID: PMC1781498 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2006.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis has been related to the initiation as well as progression toward more aggressive behavior of human tumors. We will discuss genetic events underlying the initiation and progression of colorectal and pancreatic adenocarcinoma with a particular focus on the modulation of angiogenesis. A secreted fibroblast growth factor (FGF) binding protein (FGF-BP), which is an extracellular chaperone molecule for FGFs, has been shown to enhance FGF-mediated biochemical and biologic events and to be a crucial rate-limiting factor for tumor-dependent angiogenesis. Histochemical and in situ hybridization studies with archival samples show that FGF-BP is induced early during the initiation of colorectal and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. We will discuss the potential of this secreted protein as a serum marker to identify at-risk subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tassi
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
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15
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Smith JD, Melhem ME, Magge KT, Waggoner AS, Campbell PG. Improved growth factor directed vascularization into fibrin constructs through inclusion of additional extracellular molecules. Microvasc Res 2007; 73:84-94. [PMID: 17223139 PMCID: PMC3013344 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2006.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2006] [Revised: 09/08/2006] [Accepted: 10/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Using the chick chorioallantoic membrane assay (CAM) and a novel histological technique, we investigated the ability of blood vessels to directly invade fibrin-based scaffolds. In our initial experiments utilizing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF(165)), we found no direct invasion. Instead, the fibrin was completely degraded and replaced with highly vascularized new tissue. Addition of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2), or platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) to the fibrin construct also did not result in construct vascularization. Because natural and regenerating tissues exhibit complex extracellular matrices (ECMs), we hypothesized that a more complex scaffold may improve blood vessel invasion. Addition of fibronectin, hyaluronic acid, and collagen type I within 20 mg/mL fibrin constructs resulted in no significant improvement. However, the same additive concentrations within 10 mg/mL fibrin constructs resulted in dramatic improvements, specifically with hyaluronic acid. Overall, we believe that these results indicate the importance of structural and functional cues of not only in the initial scaffold but also as the construct is degraded and remodeled. Furthermore, the CAM assay may represent a useful model for understanding ECM interactions as well as for screening and designing tissue-engineered scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- JD Smith
- Institute for Complex Engineered Systems, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213
- Molecular Biosensor and Imaging Center Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - ME Melhem
- Institute for Complex Engineered Systems, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - KT Magge
- Institute for Complex Engineered Systems, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - AS Waggoner
- Molecular Biosensor and Imaging Center Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - PG Campbell
- Institute for Complex Engineered Systems, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213
- Molecular Biosensor and Imaging Center Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Phil Campbell, Ph.D., 1212 Hamburg Hall, Institute for Complex Engineered Systems, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, PA 15213, Phone: (412) 268-4126, Fax: (412) 268-5229,
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16
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Tassi E, Wellstein A. Tumor angiogenesis: initiation and targeting - therapeutic targeting of an FGF-binding protein, an angiogenic switch molecule, and indicator of early stages of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas -. Cancer Res Treat 2006; 38:189-97. [PMID: 19771241 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2006.38.4.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis has been related to the initiation as well as progression toward more aggressive behavior of human tumors. In particular, the activity of angiogenic factors is crucial for tumor progression. We previously characterized a secreted fibroblast growth factor-binding protein (FGF-BP) as a chaperone molecule, which binds to various FGFs, enhances FGF-mediated biochemical and biologic events and importantly is a crucial rate-limiting factor for tumor-dependent angiogenesis. We generated monoclonal antibodies that target FGF-BP protein and used them as a tool to evaluate frequency and pattern of FGF-BP expression during the malignant progression of pancreas and colorectal carcinoma in archival tissue samples. We found that FGF-BP is dramatically upregulated during the initiation of colorectal and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Crucial genetic events underlying the initiation and progression of colorectal and pancreatic adenocarcinoma with a particular focus on the modulation of angiogenesis and antiangiogenic therapies are discussed. We propose that the upregulation of the secreted FGF-BP protein during early phases of pancreas and colon cancer could make this protein a possible serum marker indicating the presence of high-risk premalignant lesions. Furthermore, the biological activity of FGF-BP is neutralized by monoclonal antibodies suggesting the potential for antibody-based therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tassi
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
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17
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Jerebtsova M, Wong E, Przygodzki R, Tang P, Ray PE. A novel role of fibroblast growth factor-2 and pentosan polysulfate in the pathogenesis of intestinal bleeding in mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2006; 292:H743-50. [PMID: 17071728 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00969.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pentosan polysulfate (PPS) is a heparin-like polysaccharide that can affect the binding interactions of fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) with its high-affinity receptors. Patients with angiogenic tumors frequently show high levels of FGF-2 in the circulation. Since FGF-2 is a heparin-binding angiogenic growth factor, PPS has been used successfully to block its activity in patients with angiogenic tumors. However, because of its heparin-like activity, the major toxic effect of PPS is the development of bleeding disorders. The role that circulating FGF-2 plays in the pathogenesis of bleeding disorders in patients treated with PPS is currently unknown. Here we hypothesized that FGF-2 might play a physiological role in the pathogenesis of intestinal bleeding induced by PPS. This hypothesis is supported by previous studies showing that PPS is accumulated in the intestine and that circulating FGF-2 specifically binds to and modulates the angiogenic activity of intestinal submucosal endothelial cells. We used recombinant adenoviral vectors carrying a secreted form of FGF-2 and LacZ control vectors to determine whether high levels of circulating FGF-2 facilitate the development of intestinal bleeding disorders in FVB/N and C57BL/6J mice treated with PPS. We found that PPS, acting together with FGF-2, induced structural changes in intestinal vessels leading to the development of lethal intestinal hemorrhages. These findings might have wider clinical implications for the systemic use of PPS and other heparinoids in the treatment of patients with angiogenic diseases associated with high levels of circulating FGF-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Jerebtsova
- Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
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18
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Tassi E, Henke RT, Bowden ET, Swift MR, Kodack DP, Kuo AH, Maitra A, Wellstein A. Expression of a fibroblast growth factor-binding protein during the development of adenocarcinoma of the pancreas and colon. Cancer Res 2006; 66:1191-8. [PMID: 16424058 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-2926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The activity of growth factors is crucial for tumor progression. We previously characterized a secreted fibroblast growth factor-binding protein (FGF-BP1) as a chaperone molecule, which enhances the biological functions of FGFs by releasing FGFs from the extracellular matrix. Here, we characterize the frequency and pattern of FGF-BP1 expression during the malignant progression of pancreas and colorectal carcinoma. For this, we generated monoclonal antibodies that detect FGF-BP1 protein in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues and applied in situ hybridization to detect FGF-BP1 mRNA in adjacent tissue sections. FGF-BP1 protein and mRNA were found up-regulated (>70% positive) in parallel (r = 0.70, P < 0.0001) in colon adenoma (n = 9) as well as primary (n = 46) and metastatic (n = 71) colorectal cancers relative to normal colon epithelia (all P < 0.0001, versus normal). Similarly, pancreatitis (n = 17), pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (n = 80), and pancreatic adenocarcinoma (n = 67) showed a significant up-regulation of FGF-BP1 compared with normal pancreas (n = 42; all P < 0.0001, relative to normal). Furthermore, the biological activity of FGF-BP1 is neutralized by one of the antibodies, suggesting the potential for antibody-based therapeutic targeting. We propose that the up-regulation of the secreted FGF-BP1 protein during initiation of pancreas and colon neoplasia could make this protein a possible serum marker indicating the presence of high-risk premalignant lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tassi
- Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3970 Reservoir Road, Washington, DC 20057, USA
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19
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Xie B, Tassi E, Swift MR, McDonnell K, Bowden ET, Wang S, Ueda Y, Tomita Y, Riegel AT, Wellstein A. Identification of the Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF)-interacting Domain in a Secreted FGF-binding Protein by Phage Display. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:1137-44. [PMID: 16257968 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m510754200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor-binding proteins (FGF-BP) are secreted carrier proteins that release fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) from the extracellular matrix storage and thus enhance FGF activity. Here we have mapped the interaction domain between human FGF-BP1 and FGF-2. For this, we generated T7 phage display libraries of N-terminally and C-terminally truncated FGF-BP1 fragments that were then panned against immobilized FGF-2. From this panning, a C-terminal fragment of FGF-BP1 (amino acids 193-234) was identified as the minimum binding domain for FGF. As a recombinant protein, this C-terminal fragment binds to FGF-2 and enhances FGF-2-induced signaling in NIH-3T3 fibroblasts and GM7373 endothelial cells, as well as mitogenesis and chemotaxis of NIH-3T3 cells. The FGF interaction domain in FGF-BP1 is distinct from the heparin-binding domain (amino acids 110-143), and homology modeling supports the notion of a distinct domain in the C terminus that is conserved across different species. This domain also contains conserved positioning of cysteine residues with the Cys-214/Cys-222 positions in the human protein predicted to participate in disulfide bridge formation. Phage display of a C214A mutation of FGF-BP1 reduced binding to FGF-2, indicating the functional significance of this disulfide bond. We concluded that the FGF interaction domain is contained in the C terminus of FGF-BP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xie
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
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20
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Ray PE, Tassi E, Liu XH, Wellstein A. Role of fibroblast growth factor-binding protein in the pathogenesis of HIV-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2006; 290:R105-13. [PMID: 16352855 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00492.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A characteristic finding of childhood HIV-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (HIV-HUS) is the presence of endothelial injury and microcystic tubular dilation, leading to a rapid progression of the renal disease. We have previously shown that a secreted fibroblast growth factor-binding protein (FGF-BP) is upregulated in kidneys from children affected with HIV-HUS and HIV nephropathy. Here, we sought to determine the potential role of FGF-BP in the pathogenesis of HIV-HUS. By immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization studies, we observed FGF-BP protein and mRNA upregulation in regenerating renal tubular epithelial cells from kidneys of HIV-Tg26mice with late-stage renal disease, that is, associated with the development of microcystic tubular dilatation and accumulation of FGF-2. Moreover, FGF-BP increased the FGF-2-dependent growth and survival of cultured primary human renal glomerular endothelial cells and enhanced FGF-2-induced MAPK/ERK2 activation, as well as the proliferation of immortalized GM7373 endothelial cells. We propose that HIV-Tg26mice are a clinically relevant model system to study the role of FGF-BP in the pathogenesis of HIV-associated renal diseases. Furthermore, the upregulation of FGF-BP by regenerating renal tubular epithelial cells may provide a mechanism by which the regenerative and angiogenic activity of FGF-2 in renal capillaries can be modulated in children with HIV-HUS and other renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricio E Ray
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3970 Reservoir Rd., Washington DC 20057, USA
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