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Frangogiannis NG. The fate and role of the pericytes in myocardial diseases. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14204. [PMID: 38586936 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The adult mammalian heart contains a large population of pericytes that play important roles in homeostasis and disease. In the normal heart, pericytes regulate microvascular permeability and flow. Myocardial diseases are associated with marked alterations in pericyte phenotype and function. This review manuscript discusses the role of pericytes in cardiac homeostasis and disease. Following myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac pericytes participate in all phases of cardiac repair. During the inflammatory phase, pericytes may secrete cytokines and chemokines and may regulate leukocyte trafficking, through formation of intercellular gaps that serve as exit points for inflammatory cells. Moreover, pericyte contraction induces microvascular constriction, contributing to the pathogenesis of 'no-reflow' in ischemia and reperfusion. During the proliferative phase, pericytes are activated by growth factors, such as transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and contribute to fibrosis, predominantly through secretion of fibrogenic mediators. A fraction of pericytes acquires fibroblast identity but contributes only to a small percentage of infarct fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. As the scar matures, pericytes form a coat around infarct neovessels, promoting stabilization of the vasculature. Pericytes may also be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic heart failure, by regulating inflammation, fibrosis, angiogenesis and myocardial perfusion. Pericytes are also important targets of viral infections (such as SARS-CoV2) and may be implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiac complications of COVID19. Considering their role in myocardial inflammation, fibrosis and angiogenesis, pericytes may be promising therapeutic targets in myocardial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos G Frangogiannis
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
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2
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Peter B, Rebeaud J, Vigne S, Bressoud V, Phillips N, Ruiz F, Petrova TV, Bernier-Latmani J, Pot C. Perivascular B cells link intestinal angiogenesis to immunity and to the gut-brain axis during neuroinflammation. J Autoimmun 2024; 148:103292. [PMID: 39067313 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2024.103292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Disruption of gut barrier function and intestinal immune cell homeostasis are increasingly considered critical players in pathogenesis of extra-intestinal inflammatory diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS) and its prototypical animal model, the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Breakdown of epithelial barriers increases intestinal permeability and systemic dissemination of microbiota-derived molecules. However, whether the gut-vascular barrier (GVB) is altered during EAE has not been reported. Here, we demonstrate that endothelial cell proliferation and vessel permeability increase before EAE clinical onset, leading to vascular remodeling and expansion of intestinal villi capillary bed during disease symptomatic phase in an antigen-independent manner. Concomitant to onset of angiogenesis observed prior to neurological symptoms, we identify an increase of intestinal perivascular immune cells characterized by the surface marker lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronic acid receptor 1 (LYVE-1). LYVE-1+ is expressed more frequently on B cells that show high levels of CD73 and have proangiogenic properties. B cell depletion was sufficient to mitigate enteric blood endothelial cell proliferation following immunization for EAE. In conclusion, we propose that altered intestinal vasculature driven by a specialized LYVE-1+ B cell subset promotes angiogenesis and that loss of GVB function is implicated in EAE development and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Peter
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Service of Neurology and Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Epalinges, 1066, Switzerland
| | - Jessica Rebeaud
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Service of Neurology and Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Epalinges, 1066, Switzerland
| | - Solenne Vigne
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Service of Neurology and Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Epalinges, 1066, Switzerland
| | - Valentine Bressoud
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Service of Neurology and Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Epalinges, 1066, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas Phillips
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Service of Neurology and Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Epalinges, 1066, Switzerland
| | - Florian Ruiz
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Service of Neurology and Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Epalinges, 1066, Switzerland
| | - Tatiana V Petrova
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Epalinges, 1066, Switzerland
| | - Jeremiah Bernier-Latmani
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Epalinges, 1066, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Pot
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Service of Neurology and Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Epalinges, 1066, Switzerland.
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Chitoran E, Rotaru V, Ionescu SO, Gelal A, Capsa CM, Bohiltea RE, Mitroiu MN, Serban D, Gullo G, Stefan DC, Simion L. Bevacizumab-Based Therapies in Malignant Tumors-Real-World Data on Effectiveness, Safety, and Cost. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2590. [PMID: 39061228 PMCID: PMC11274419 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16142590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Overall, it is estimated that more than 3,500,000 patients have received Bevacizumab as part of systemic oncologic treatment. Bevacizumab and its biosimilars are currently marketed in over 130 countries. Given the wide usage of Bevacizumab in current oncological practice, it is very important to compare the "real-world" results to those obtained in controlled clinical trials. This study aims to describe the clinical experience of using Bevacizumab in a large cohort of cancer patients in "non-controlled real-world" conditions with regard to effectiveness, safety, and cost of therapy. METHODS For this purpose, we conducted an open, observational, retrospective study involving all patients treated for solid malignant tumors in the Bucharest Institute of Oncology with "Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu" with Bevacizumab-based systemic therapy, between 2017 and 2021. RESULTS The study consisted of 657 treatment episodes in 625 patients (F/B = 1.62/1, with a median age of 57.6 years) which were treated for malignant tumors (majority colorectal, non-small cell lung, ovarian, and breast cancer). First-line treatment was administered in 229 patients, and the rest received Bevacizumab as second or subsequent lines of treatment. The overall response rate to Bevacizumab-based therapies was around 60-65% across all indication except for subsequent treatment lines in colorectal and ovarian cancers, where lower values were recorded (27.1%, and 31.5% respectively). Median PFS for the entire cohort was 8.2 months (95% CI 6.8-9.6), and the median OS was 13.2 months (95% CI 11.5-14.9). Usual bevacizumab-related toxicities were observed, including bleeding, hypertension, wound-healing complications, gastrointestinal perforation, other types of fistulas, septic complications, and thromboembolic events. Although the clinical benefits are undeniable, the addition of Bevacizumab to standard chemotherapy increased the overall treatment cost by 213%. CONCLUSIONS Bevacizumab remains a high-cost therapy, but it can add to clinical benefits (like overall survival, progression-free survival, and response rate) when used in conjunction with standard chemotherapy. Similar results as those presented in various controlled trials are observable even on unselected cohorts of patients in the uncontrolled conditions of "real-world" oncological practice. Off-label usage is encountered in clinical practice, and this aspect should be monitored given the potential adverse effects of the therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Chitoran
- Medicine School, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- General Surgery and Surgical Oncology Department I, Bucharest Institute of Oncology “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu”, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Vlad Rotaru
- Medicine School, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- General Surgery and Surgical Oncology Department I, Bucharest Institute of Oncology “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu”, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sinziana-Octavia Ionescu
- Medicine School, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- General Surgery and Surgical Oncology Department I, Bucharest Institute of Oncology “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu”, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aisa Gelal
- Medicine School, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- General Surgery and Surgical Oncology Department I, Bucharest Institute of Oncology “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu”, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina-Mirela Capsa
- Medicine School, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Radiology Department, Bucharest Institute of Oncology “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu”, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana-Elena Bohiltea
- Medicine School, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, “Filantropia” Clinical Hospital, 011132 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Madalina-Nicoleta Mitroiu
- Medicine School, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, “Filantropia” Clinical Hospital, 011132 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dragos Serban
- Medicine School, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Surgery Department 4, Bucharest University Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Giuseppe Gullo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Villa Sofia Cervello Hospital, University of Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniela-Cristina Stefan
- Medicine School, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Laurentiu Simion
- Medicine School, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- General Surgery and Surgical Oncology Department I, Bucharest Institute of Oncology “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu”, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
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Corvigno S, Liu Y, Bayraktar E, Stur E, Bayram NN, Ahumada AL, Nagaraju S, Rodriguez-Aguayo C, Chen H, Vu TC, Wen Y, Liang H, Zhao L, Lee S, Lopez-Berestein G, Sood AK. Enhanced plant-derived vesicles for nucleotide delivery for cancer therapy. NPJ Precis Oncol 2024; 8:86. [PMID: 38582949 PMCID: PMC10998889 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-024-00556-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Small RNAs (microRNAs [miRNAs] or small interfering RNAs [siRNAs]) are effective tools for cancer therapy, but many of the existing carriers for their delivery are limited by low bioavailability, insufficient loading, impaired transport across biological barriers, and low delivery into the tumor microenvironment. Extracellular vesicle (EV)-based communication in mammalian and plant systems is important for many physiological and pathological processes, and EVs show promise as carriers for RNA interference molecules. However, some fundamental issues limit their use, such as insufficient cargo loading and low potential for scaling production. Plant-derived vesicles (PDVs) are membrane-coated vesicles released in the apoplastic fluid of plants that contain biomolecules that play a role in several biological mechanisms. Here, we developed an alternative approach to deliver miRNA for cancer therapy using PDVs. We isolated vesicles from watermelon and formulated a hybrid, exosomal, polymeric system in which PDVs were combined with a dendrimer bound to miRNA146 mimic. Third generation PAMAM was chosen due to its high branching structure and versatility for loading molecules of interest. We performed several in vivo experiments to demonstrate the therapeutic efficacy of our compound and explored in vitro biological mechanisms underlying the anti-tumor effects of miRNA146, which are mostly related to its anti-angiogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Corvigno
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Emine Bayraktar
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Elaine Stur
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Nazende Nur Bayram
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Adrian Lankenau Ahumada
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Supriya Nagaraju
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Hu Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Thanh Chung Vu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yunfei Wen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Han Liang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Avolio E, Campagnolo P, Katare R, Madeddu P. The role of cardiac pericytes in health and disease: therapeutic targets for myocardial infarction. Nat Rev Cardiol 2024; 21:106-118. [PMID: 37542118 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00913-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Millions of cardiomyocytes die immediately after myocardial infarction, regardless of whether the culprit coronary artery undergoes prompt revascularization. Residual ischaemia in the peri-infarct border zone causes further cardiomyocyte damage, resulting in a progressive decline in contractile function. To date, no treatment has succeeded in increasing the vascularization of the infarcted heart. In the past decade, new approaches that can target the heart's highly plastic perivascular niche have been proposed. The perivascular environment is populated by mesenchymal progenitor cells, fibroblasts, myofibroblasts and pericytes, which can together mount a healing response to the ischaemic damage. In the infarcted heart, pericytes have crucial roles in angiogenesis, scar formation and stabilization, and control of the inflammatory response. Persistent ischaemia and accrual of age-related risk factors can lead to pericyte depletion and dysfunction. In this Review, we describe the phenotypic changes that characterize the response of cardiac pericytes to ischaemia and the potential of pericyte-based therapy for restoring the perivascular niche after myocardial infarction. Pericyte-related therapies that can salvage the area at risk of an ischaemic injury include exogenously administered pericytes, pericyte-derived exosomes, pericyte-engineered biomaterials, and pharmacological approaches that can stimulate the differentiation of constitutively resident pericytes towards an arteriogenic phenotype. Promising preclinical results from in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that pericytes have crucial roles in the treatment of coronary artery disease and the prevention of post-ischaemic heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Avolio
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - Paola Campagnolo
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Rajesh Katare
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Paolo Madeddu
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
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Milosevic V, Edelmann RJ, Winge I, Strell C, Mezheyeuski A, Knutsvik G, Askeland C, Wik E, Akslen LA, Östman A. Vessel size as a marker of survival in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023:10.1007/s10549-023-06974-4. [PMID: 37222874 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-06974-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Angiogenesis is crucial for tumor growth and is one of the hallmarks of cancer. In this study, we analyzed microvessel density, vessel median size, and perivascular a-SMA expression as prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer. METHODS Dual IHC staining was performed where alpha-SMA antibodies were used together with antibodies against the endothelial cell marker CD34. Digital images of stainings were analyzed to extract quantitative data on vessel density, vessel size, and perivascular alpha-SMA status. RESULTS The analyses in the discovery cohort (n = 108) revealed a statistically significant relationship between large vessel size and shorter disease-specific survival (p = 0.007, log-rank test; p = 0.01, HR 3.1; 95% CI 1.3-7.4, Cox-regression analyses). Subset analyses indicated that the survival association of vessel size was strengthened in ER + breast cancer. To consolidate these findings, additional analyses were performed on a validation cohort (n = 267) where an association between large vessel size and reduced survival was also detected in ER + breast cancer (p = 0.016, log-rank test; p = 0.02; HR 2.3, 95% CI 1.1-4.7, Cox-regression analyses). CONCLUSION Alpha-SMA/CD34 dual-IHC staining revealed breast cancer heterogeneity regarding vessel size, vessel density, and perivascular a-SMA status. Large vessel size was linked to shorter survival in ER + breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladan Milosevic
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Reidunn J Edelmann
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingeborg Winge
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Carina Strell
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Artur Mezheyeuski
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gøril Knutsvik
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Cecilie Askeland
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Elisabeth Wik
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lars A Akslen
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Arne Östman
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
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Gowdak LHW, Schettert IT, Rochitte CE, de Carvalho LP, Vieira MLC, Dallan LAO, de Oliveira SA, César LAM, Brito JOR, Guarita-Souza LC, de Carvalho ACC, Krieger JE. Additional improvement in regional myocardial ischemia after intracardiac injection of bone marrow cells during CABG surgery. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1040188. [PMID: 36824456 PMCID: PMC9941147 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1040188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Post-procedure residual ischemia is associated with worse prognosis in patients with coronary artery diasease (CAD). Objective We evaluated whether autologous bone marrow-derived cells (BMC) contribute to additional reduction in regional stress-induced myocardial ischemia (SIMI) in patients undergoing incomplete coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Methods In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, we enrolled 143 patients (82% men, 58 ± 11 years) with stable CAD and not candidates for complete CABG. They received 100 million BMC (n = 77) or placebo (n = 66) injected into ischemic non-revascularized segments during CABG. The primary outcome was improvement on SIMI quantified as the area at risk in injected segments assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) 1, 6, and 12 months after CABG. Results The reduction in global SIMI after CABG was comparable (p = 0.491) in both groups indicating sustained beneficial effects of the surgical procedure over 12 month period. In contrast, we observed additional improvement in regional SIMI in BMC treated group (p = 0.047). Baseline regional SIMI values were comparable [18.5 (16.2-21.0) vs. 18.5 (16.5-20.7)] and reached the lowest values at 1 month [9.74 (8.25; 11.49) vs. 12.69 (10.84; 14.85)] for BMC and placebo groups, respectively. The ischemia's improvement from baseline represented a 50% difference in regional SIMI in favor of the BMC transplanted group at 30 days. We found no differences in clinical and LVEF% between groups during the 12 month follow-up period. The 1 month rate of major adverse cerebral and cardiovascular events (MACCE) (p = 0.34) and all-cause mortality (p = 0.08) did not differ between groups 1 month post intervention. Conclusion We provided evidence that BMC leads to additional reduction in regional SIMI in chronic ischemic patients when injected in segments not subjected to direct surgical revascularization. This adjuvant therapy deserves further assessment in patients with advanced CAD especially in those with microcirculation dysfunction. Clinical trial registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier NCT01727063.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Henrique Wolff Gowdak
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor-HCFMUSP), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isolmar Tadeu Schettert
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor-HCFMUSP), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Rochitte
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor-HCFMUSP), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo P. de Carvalho
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor-HCFMUSP), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Luiz Campos Vieira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor-HCFMUSP), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luís Alberto Oliveira Dallan
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor-HCFMUSP), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Almeida de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor-HCFMUSP), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Antonio Machado César
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor-HCFMUSP), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Oscar Reis Brito
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Institute of Cardiology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiz César Guarita-Souza
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Campos de Carvalho
- Cell Technology Center, National Institute of Cardiology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jose Eduardo Krieger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor-HCFMUSP), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil,*Correspondence: Jose Eduardo Krieger,
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Yang J, Yang C, Yang Y, Jia N, Sun Q, Ji S. Endothelial Protection of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Enhances Angiogenesis Mediated by eNOS Pathway Following Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats. Int J Pept Res Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-022-10434-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Sarkar C, Chakroborty D, Goswami S, Fan H, Mo X, Basu S. VEGF-A controls the expression of its regulator of angiogenic functions, dopamine D2 receptor, on endothelial cells. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:jcs259617. [PMID: 35593650 PMCID: PMC9234670 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated significant upregulation of dopamine D2 (DAD2) receptor (DRD2) expression on tumor endothelial cells. The dopamine D2 receptors, upon activation, inhibit the proangiogenic actions of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A, also known as vascular permeability factor). Interestingly, unlike tumor endothelial cells, normal endothelial cells exhibit very low to no expression of dopamine D2 receptors. Here, for the first time, we demonstrate that through paracrine signaling, VEGF-A can control the expression of dopamine D2 receptors on endothelial cells via Krüppel-like factor 11 (KLF11)-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 pathway. These results thus reveal a novel bidirectional communication between VEGF-A and DAD2 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrani Sarkar
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43201, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36617, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, USA
| | - Debanjan Chakroborty
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43201, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36617, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, USA
| | - Sandeep Goswami
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43201, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36617, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36688, USA
| | - Hao Fan
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43201, USA
| | - Xiaokui Mo
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Sujit Basu
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43201, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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10
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Morin Attenuated Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Through Promoting Angiogenesis Mediated by Angiopoietin-1-Tie-2 Axis and Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway. Neurotox Res 2022; 40:14-25. [PMID: 34997920 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00470-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral damage following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury affects the neurological deficits and motor impairment of stroke patients in the long-term period. Angiogenesis, the essential process for restoration of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the ischemic brain, promotes the recovery of neurological function following ischemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term effects of morin on angiogenesis and functional outcomes in a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and reperfusion model. Male Wistar rats were subjected to MCAO, and they were administered 30 mg/kg of morin at reperfusion via i.p. injection daily for 14 days. Fourteen days after I/R injury, the rats were evaluated for the brain damage, and angiogenic factors involved in Ang1/Tie-2 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. In addition, at 1, 7, and 14 days after reperfusion, rotarod and pole tests were performed to investigate the functional recovery. We found morin significantly reduced the infarct size, blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage, and apoptotic cells at 14 days after I/R injury. It also promoted angiogenesis via boosting the expression of angiogenic proteins, such as angiopoietin 1 (Ang1), Tie-2, Wnt3α, β-catenin, and cyclin D1. Morin-mediated angiogenesis was confirmed by a significant increase in microvessel's density in the penumbra area and an increase in von Willebrand factor (vWF) protein expression of the morin-treated rats. Moreover, the rotarod and pole tests also demonstrated morin increased functional recovery in the morin-treated rats compared to the vehicle rats. Therefore, our data exposed that morin promotes angiogenesis and improves functional outcomes in MCAO and reperfusion rats.
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11
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Dvorak HF. Reconciling VEGF With VPF: The Importance of Increased Vascular Permeability for Stroma Formation in Tumors, Healing Wounds, and Chronic Inflammation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:660609. [PMID: 33834026 PMCID: PMC8021773 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.660609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely believed that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induces angiogenesis by its direct mitogenic and motogenic actions on vascular endothelial cells. However, these activities are only detected when endothelial cells are cultured at very low (0.1%) serum concentrations and would not be expected to take place at the much higher serum levels found in angiogenic sites in vivo. This conundrum can be resolved by recalling VEGF’s original function, that of an extremely potent vascular permeability factor (VPF). In vivo VPF/VEGF increases microvascular permeability such that whole plasma leaks into the tissues where it undergoes clotting by tissue factor that is expressed on tumor and host connective tissue cells to deposit fibrin and generate serum. By providing tissue support and by reprogramming the gene expression patterns of cells locally, fibrin and serum can together account for the formation of vascular connective tissue stroma. In sum, by increasing vascular permeability, VPF/VEGF triggers the “wound healing response,” setting in motion a fundamental pathophysiological process that induces the mature stroma that is found not only in healing wounds but also in solid tumors and chronic inflammatory diseases. Once initiated by increased vascular permeability, this response may be difficult to impede, perhaps contributing to the limited success of anti-VEGF therapies in treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold F Dvorak
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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12
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Neuroprotective Effect of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor on Motoneurons of the Oculomotor System. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020814. [PMID: 33467517 PMCID: PMC7830098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was initially characterized as a potent angiogenic factor based on its activity on the vascular system. However, it is now well established that VEGF also plays a crucial role as a neuroprotective factor in the nervous system. A deficit of VEGF has been related to motoneuronal degeneration, such as that occurring in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Strikingly, motoneurons of the oculomotor system show lesser vulnerability to neurodegeneration in ALS compared to other motoneurons. These motoneurons presented higher amounts of VEGF and its receptor Flk-1 than other brainstem pools. That higher VEGF level could be due to an enhanced retrograde input from their target muscles, but it can also be produced by the motoneurons themselves and act in an autocrine way. By contrast, VEGF’s paracrine supply from the vicinity cells, such as glial cells, seems to represent a minor source of VEGF for brainstem motoneurons. In addition, ocular motoneurons experiment an increase in VEGF and Flk-1 level in response to axotomy, not observed in facial or hypoglossal motoneurons. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the differences in VEGF availability that could contribute to the higher resistance of extraocular motoneurons to injury and neurodegenerative diseases.
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13
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Notohamiprodjo S, Varasteh Z, Beer AJ, Niu G, Chen X(S, Weber W, Schwaiger M. Tumor Vasculature. Mol Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816386-3.00090-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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14
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Kocijan T, Rehman M, Colliva A, Groppa E, Leban M, Vodret S, Volf N, Zucca G, Cappelletto A, Piperno GM, Zentilin L, Giacca M, Benvenuti F, Zhou B, Adams RH, Zacchigna S. Genetic lineage tracing reveals poor angiogenic potential of cardiac endothelial cells. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:256-270. [PMID: 31999325 PMCID: PMC7797216 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Cardiac ischaemia does not elicit an efficient angiogenic response. Indeed, lack of surgical revascularization upon myocardial infarction results in cardiomyocyte death, scarring, and loss of contractile function. Clinical trials aimed at inducing therapeutic revascularization through the delivery of pro-angiogenic molecules after cardiac ischaemia have invariably failed, suggesting that endothelial cells in the heart cannot mount an efficient angiogenic response. To understand why the heart is a poorly angiogenic environment, here we compare the angiogenic response of the cardiac and skeletal muscle using a lineage tracing approach to genetically label sprouting endothelial cells. METHODS AND RESULTS We observed that overexpression of the vascular endothelial growth factor in the skeletal muscle potently stimulated angiogenesis, resulting in the formation of a massive number of new capillaries and arterioles. In contrast, response to the same dose of the same factor in the heart was blunted and consisted in a modest increase in the number of new arterioles. By using Apelin-CreER mice to genetically label sprouting endothelial cells we observed that different pro-angiogenic stimuli activated Apelin expression in both muscle types to a similar extent, however, only in the skeletal muscle, these cells were able to sprout, form elongated vascular tubes activating Notch signalling, and became incorporated into arteries. In the heart, Apelin-positive cells transiently persisted and failed to give rise to new vessels. When we implanted cancer cells in different organs, the abortive angiogenic response in the heart resulted in a reduced expansion of the tumour mass. CONCLUSION Our genetic lineage tracing indicates that cardiac endothelial cells activate Apelin expression in response to pro-angiogenic stimuli but, different from those of the skeletal muscle, fail to proliferate and form mature and structured vessels. The poor angiogenic potential of the heart is associated with reduced tumour angiogenesis and growth of cancer cells.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Animals
- Apelin/genetics
- Apelin/metabolism
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Lineage
- Cell Proliferation
- Cellular Microenvironment
- Coronary Vessels/cytology
- Coronary Vessels/metabolism
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Muscle, Skeletal/blood supply
- Neoplasms/blood supply
- Neoplasms/metabolism
- Neoplasms/pathology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic
- Neovascularization, Physiologic
- Phenotype
- Receptor, Notch1/genetics
- Receptor, Notch1/metabolism
- Tumor Burden
- Tumor Microenvironment
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Tea Kocijan
- Cardiovascular Biology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Padriciano, 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Michael Rehman
- Cardiovascular Biology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Padriciano, 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Colliva
- Cardiovascular Biology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Padriciano, 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Elena Groppa
- Cardiovascular Biology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Padriciano, 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Matteo Leban
- Cardiovascular Biology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Padriciano, 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Simone Vodret
- Cardiovascular Biology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Padriciano, 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Nina Volf
- Cardiovascular Biology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Padriciano, 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Gabriele Zucca
- Cardiovascular Biology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Padriciano, 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Ambra Cappelletto
- Cardiovascular Biology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Padriciano, 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giulia Maria Piperno
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Lorena Zentilin
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Mauro Giacca
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- King’s College London, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, London UK
| | - Federica Benvenuti
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Bin Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence on Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ralf H Adams
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Serena Zacchigna
- Cardiovascular Biology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Padriciano, 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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15
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Arciniegas E, Carrillo LM, Rojas H, Pineda J, Ramírez R, Reyes O, Chopite M, Rocheta A. Plump endothelial cells integrated into pre-existing venules contribute to the formation of 'mother' and 'daughter' vessels in pyogenic granuloma: possible role of galectin-1, -3 and -8. Scars Burn Heal 2021; 7:2059513120986687. [PMID: 33796337 PMCID: PMC7841855 DOI: 10.1177/2059513120986687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a reactive inflammatory vascular lesion of the skin and mucous membranes, characterised by the presence of enlarged venules and seamed and seamless capillaries with plump endothelial cells (EC), and numerous macrophages. EC activation upregulates the synthesis of galectins and induces their translocation to the EC surface promoting angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, particularly galectin-1 (Gal-1), Gal-3 and Gal-8. However, the presence and distribution of Gal-1, -3 and -8, as well as their implications in the pathogenesis of PG, has not been considered. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eight biopsies from patients diagnosed with PG were selected. The presence of PECAM-1/CD31, IL-1β, VEGF-C, VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, integrin β1, CD44, fibronectin and Gal-1, -3 and -8 was assessed by immunofluorescence staining using confocal laser scanning microscopy. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Immunostaining revealed that these molecules were present in the enlarged venules with plump ECs, in some macrophages and other immune cells. We propose that macrophages release VEGF-A and VEGF-C inducing VEGFR-2/VEGFR-3 expression and activation, leading macrophages to transdifferentiate into plump ECs that might integrate into pre-existing venules, contributing to the formation of enlarged venules with transluminal bridges and capillaries. EC activation, induced by certain cytokines, has been shown to stimulate galectin expression and changes in the cellular localisation through association and activation of specific EC surface glycoproteins. Therefore, it is plausible that Gal-1, -3 and -8, acting in a concerted manner, could be mediating the transdifferentiation of macrophages into plump ECs and facilitating their migration and incorporation into the new vessels. LAY SUMMARY In this study, immunostaining of pyogenic granuloma (PG) tissue sections showed immunoreactivity for PECAM-1/CD31, IL-1β, VEGF-C, VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3, and galectin-1, -3 and -8 in enlarged venules with plump endothelial cells (EC), as well as in some macrophages and other immune cells. Interestingly, enlarged and thin-walled transient vessels lined by PECAM-1/CD31 and VEGFR-2 immunopositive ECs that form from pre-existing normal venules in response to VEGF-A (called 'mother' vessels [MV]) and that undergo intraluminal bridging evolving into various types of capillaries (called 'daughter' vessels [DV]) have been observed in benign and malignant tumours, in physiological and pathological angiogenesis as well as in vascular malformations, suggesting an important role for VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 in such a process. However, it is not only the mechanisms by which the MVs evolve in different types of DVs that remains to be elucidated, but also whether the cells that form intraluminal bridges proceed from locally activated ECs or whether they are derived from bone marrow precursors or from resident macrophages.Given that the formation of homodimers by Gal-1 and Gal-8 and pentamers by Gal-3 to generate gal-glycan lattices at the cell surface and in the extracellular space has been shown, it is possible that in PG tissue Gal-1, -3 and -8, through their binding partners, form a supramolecular structure at the surface of ECs and plump ECs, macrophages and in the extracellular space that might be mediating the transdifferentiation of macrophages into plump ECs and facilitating the migration and incorporation of these cells into the pre-existing venules, thus contributing to the formation of MVs and DVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Arciniegas
- Institute of Biomedicine, Central University of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Luz Marina Carrillo
- Institute of Biomedicine, Central University of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
- Autonomus Service Institute of Biomedicine, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Héctor Rojas
- Institute of Immunology, Central University of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Jacinto Pineda
- Institute of Anatomy and Pathology, Central University of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Richard Ramírez
- Autonomus Service Institute of Biomedicine, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Oscar Reyes
- Autonomus Service Institute of Biomedicine, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Marina Chopite
- Autonomus Service Institute of Biomedicine, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Albani Rocheta
- Autonomus Service Institute of Biomedicine, Caracas, Venezuela
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16
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Díaz-Flores L, Gutiérrez R, Gayoso S, García MP, González-Gómez M, Díaz-Flores L, Sánchez R, Carrasco JL, Madrid JF. Intussusceptive angiogenesis and its counterpart intussusceptive lymphangiogenesis. Histol Histopathol 2020; 35:1083-1103. [PMID: 32329808 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Intussusceptive angiogenesis (IA) is currently considered an important alternative and complementary form of sprouting angiogenesis (SA). Conversely, intussusceptive lymphangiogenesis (IL) is in an initial phase of study. We compare their morphofunctional characteristics, since many can be shared by both processes. To that end, the following aspects are considered: A) The concept of IA and IL as the mechanism by which blood and lymphatic vessels split, expand and remodel through transluminal pillar formations (hallmarks of intussusception). B) Terminology and historical background, with particular reference to the group of Burri, including Djonov and Patan, who initiated and developed the vessel intussusceptive concept in blood vessels. C) Incidence in normal (e.g. in the sinuses of developing lymph nodes) and pathologic conditions, above all in vessel diseases, such as dilated veins in hemorrhoidal disease, intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH), sinusoidal hemangioma, lobular capillary hemangioma, lymphangiomas/lymphatic malformations and vascular transformation of lymph nodes. D) Differences and complementarity between vessel sprouting and intussusception. E) Characteristics of the cover (endothelial cells) and core (connective tissue components) of pillars and requirements for pillar identification. F) Structures involved in pillar formation, including endothelial contacts of opposite vessel walls, interendothelial bridges, merged adjacent capillaries, vessel loops and spilt pillars. G) Structures resulting from pillars with intussusceptive microvascular growth, arborization, remodeling and segmentation (compartmentalization). H) Influence of intussusception in the morphogenesis of vessel tumors/ pseudotumors; and I) Hemodynamic and molecular control of vessel intussusception, including VEGF, PDGF BB, Hypoxia, Notch, Endoglobin and Nitric oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Díaz-Flores
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - R Gutiérrez
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - S Gayoso
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M P García
- Department of Pathology, Eurofins® Megalab-Hospiten Hospitals, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M González-Gómez
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - L Díaz-Flores
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - R Sánchez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dermatology and Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - J L Carrasco
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - J F Madrid
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine, Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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17
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Janyou A, Wicha P, Seechamnanturakit V, Bumroongkit K, Tocharus C, Suksamrarn A, Tocharus J. Dihydrocapsaicin-induced angiogenesis and improved functional recovery after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in a rat model. J Pharmacol Sci 2020; 143:9-16. [PMID: 32107104 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the long-term effects of dihydrocapsaicin (DHC)-induced angiogenesis and improved functional outcomes in cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) rats. Middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced in I/R rats for 2 h, followed by reperfusion. The animals were divided into three groups: sham, I/R + vehicle, and I/R + DHC (10 mg/kg body weight). Fourteen days after I/R injury, the DHC-treated I/R rats had decreased neurological deficit scores, infarct volume, and brain morphology changes. DHC-induced angiogenesis significantly increased the expression of angiogenic factor proteins, such as hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and matrix metalloprotease 9 (MMP-9), at 3 d and 14 d following I/R and also increased the expression of angiogenic inhibitors, such as angiopoietin 1 (Ang-1) and its receptor tyrosine kinase (Tie-2), at 14 d following reperfusion. DHC-mediated angiogenesis was confirmed by a significant increase in positive BrdU labeling that co-localized with the von Willebrand factor (an endothelial cell marker) at 14 d after I/R. Furthermore, rotarod and pole tests demonstrated that DHC promoted functional recovery when compared with the vehicle group. Thus, the results reveal that DHC mediates angiogenesis and functional recovery after an ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adchara Janyou
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Piyawadee Wicha
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Vatcharee Seechamnanturakit
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Nutraceutical and Functional Food, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkla, Thailand
| | - Kanokkan Bumroongkit
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chainarong Tocharus
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Apichart Suksamrarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Jiraporn Tocharus
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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18
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Jászai J, Schmidt MHH. Trends and Challenges in Tumor Anti-Angiogenic Therapies. Cells 2019; 8:cells8091102. [PMID: 31540455 PMCID: PMC6770676 DOI: 10.3390/cells8091102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive abnormal angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in tumor progression and is a hallmark of solid tumors. This process is driven by an imbalance between pro- and anti-angiogenic factors dominated by the tissue hypoxia-triggered overproduction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). VEGF-mediated signaling has quickly become one of the most promising anti-angiogenic therapeutic targets in oncology. Nevertheless, the clinical efficacy of this approach is severely limited in certain tumor types or shows only transient efficacy in patients. Acquired or intrinsic therapy resistance associated with anti-VEGF monotherapeutic approaches indicates the necessity of a paradigm change when targeting neoangiogenesis in solid tumors. In this context, the elaboration of the conceptual framework of “vessel normalization” might be a promising approach to increase the efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapies and the survival rates of patients. Indeed, the promotion of vessel maturation instead of regressing tumors by vaso-obliteration could result in reduced tumor hypoxia and improved drug delivery. The implementation of such anti-angiogenic strategies, however, faces several pitfalls due to the potential involvement of multiple pro-angiogenic factors and modulatory effects of the innate and adaptive immune system. Thus, effective treatments bypassing relapses associated with anti-VEGF monotherapies or breaking the intrinsic therapy resistance of solid tumors might use combination therapies or agents with a multimodal mode of action. This review enumerates some of the current approaches and possible future directions of treating solid tumors by targeting neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- József Jászai
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden School of Medicine, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Mirko H H Schmidt
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden School of Medicine, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 61920 Heidelberg, Germany.
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19
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Rees DO, Thomas DH, Parry-Jones N, Roberts G. A relapse of POEMS syndrome presenting as acute kidney injury. BMJ Case Rep 2019; 12:12/8/e228894. [PMID: 31420421 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2018-228894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal protein and skin changes (POEMS) syndrome is a rare disease, and only in a minority of cases, causes an impairment of kidney function. Here, we describe a case of a 55-year-old man with a history of POEMS syndrome who presented with acute kidney injury following a routine blood test. On further investigation, a relapse in POEMS syndrome was diagnosed, uniquely isolated to renal involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Owen Rees
- Nephrology and Transplant Department, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Nilima Parry-Jones
- Department of Haematology, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Abergavenny, UK
| | - Gareth Roberts
- Nephrology and Transplant Department, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
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20
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Abstract
The ability to generate new microvessels in desired numbers and at desired locations has been a long-sought goal in vascular medicine, engineering, and biology. Historically, the need to revascularize ischemic tissues nonsurgically (so-called therapeutic vascularization) served as the main driving force for the development of new methods of vascular growth. More recently, vascularization of engineered tissues and the generation of vascularized microphysiological systems have provided additional targets for these methods, and have required adaptation of therapeutic vascularization to biomaterial scaffolds and to microscale devices. Three complementary strategies have been investigated to engineer microvasculature: angiogenesis (the sprouting of existing vessels), vasculogenesis (the coalescence of adult or progenitor cells into vessels), and microfluidics (the vascularization of scaffolds that possess the open geometry of microvascular networks). Over the past several decades, vascularization techniques have grown tremendously in sophistication, from the crude implantation of arteries into myocardial tunnels by Vineberg in the 1940s, to the current use of micropatterning techniques to control the exact shape and placement of vessels within a scaffold. This review provides a broad historical view of methods to engineer the microvasculature, and offers a common framework for organizing and analyzing the numerous studies in this area of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. © 2019 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 9:1155-1212, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Tien
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Brookline, Massachusetts, USA
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21
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Augustine R, Prasad P, Khalaf IMN. Therapeutic angiogenesis: From conventional approaches to recent nanotechnology-based interventions. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 97:994-1008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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22
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Pathologic necrosis following neoadjuvant radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy is prognostic of poor survival in soft tissue sarcoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2019; 145:1321-1330. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-019-02885-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Farzaneh Behelgardi M, Zahri S, Mashayekhi F, Mansouri K, Asghari SM. A peptide mimicking the binding sites of VEGF-A and VEGF-B inhibits VEGFR-1/-2 driven angiogenesis, tumor growth and metastasis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17924. [PMID: 30560942 PMCID: PMC6298961 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36394-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Interfering with interactions of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) with their receptors (VEGFRs) effectively inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth. We designed an antagonist peptide of VEGF-A and VEGF-B reproducing two discontinuous receptor binding regions of VEGF-B (loop 1 and loop3) covalently linked together by a receptor binding region of VEGF-A (loop3). The designed peptide (referred to as VGB4) was able to bind to both VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 on the Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) surface and inhibited VEGF-A driven proliferation, migration and tube formation in HUVECs through suppression of ERK1/2 and AKT phosphorylation. The whole-animal fluorescence imaging demonstrated that fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-VGB4 accumulated in the mammary carcinoma tumors (MCTs). Administration of VGB4 led to the regression of 4T1 murine MCT growth through decreased expression of p-VEGFR1 and p-VEGFR2 and abrogation of ERK1/2 and AKT activation followed by considerable decrease of tumor cell proliferation (Ki67 expression) and angiogenesis (CD31 and CD34 expression), induction of apoptosis (increased p53 expression, TUNEL staining and decreased Bcl2 expression), and suppression of metastasis (increased E-cadherin and decreased N-cadherin, NF-κB and MMP-9 expression). These findings indicate that VGB4 may be applicable for antiangiogenic and antitumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saber Zahri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Farhad Mashayekhi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Kamran Mansouri
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - S Mohsen Asghari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
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Witjas FMR, van den Berg BM, van den Berg CW, Engelse MA, Rabelink TJ. Concise Review: The Endothelial Cell Extracellular Matrix Regulates Tissue Homeostasis and Repair. Stem Cells Transl Med 2018; 8:375-382. [PMID: 30537441 PMCID: PMC6431685 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
All tissues are surrounded by a mixture of noncellular matrix components, that not only provide physical and mechanical support to cells, but also mediate biochemical signaling between cells. The extracellular matrix (ECM) of endothelial cells, also known as the perivascular matrix, forms an organ specific vascular niche that orchestrates mechano‐, growth factor, and angiocrine signaling required for tissue homeostasis and organ repair. This concise review describes how this perivascular ECM functions as a signaling platform and how this knowledge can impact the field of regenerative medicine, for example, when designing artificial matrices or using decellularized scaffolds from organs. stem cells translational medicine2019;8:375–382
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Affiliation(s)
- Franca M R Witjas
- The Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bernard M van den Berg
- The Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Cathelijne W van den Berg
- The Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marten A Engelse
- The Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ton J Rabelink
- The Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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25
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Bousseau S, Vergori L, Soleti R, Lenaers G, Martinez MC, Andriantsitohaina R. Glycosylation as new pharmacological strategies for diseases associated with excessive angiogenesis. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 191:92-122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Kannan P, Kretzschmar WW, Winter H, Warren D, Bates R, Allen PD, Syed N, Irving B, Papiez BW, Kaeppler J, Markelc B, Kinchesh P, Gilchrist S, Smart S, Schnabel JA, Maughan T, Harris AL, Muschel RJ, Partridge M, Sharma RA, Kersemans V. Functional Parameters Derived from Magnetic Resonance Imaging Reflect Vascular Morphology in Preclinical Tumors and in Human Liver Metastases. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:4694-4704. [PMID: 29959141 PMCID: PMC6171743 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Tumor vessels influence the growth and response of tumors to therapy. Imaging vascular changes in vivo using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) has shown potential to guide clinical decision making for treatment. However, quantitative MR imaging biomarkers of vascular function have not been widely adopted, partly because their relationship to structural changes in vessels remains unclear. We aimed to elucidate the relationships between vessel function and morphology in vivo Experimental Design: Untreated preclinical tumors with different levels of vascularization were imaged sequentially using DCE-MRI and CT. Relationships between functional parameters from MR (iAUC, K trans, and BATfrac) and structural parameters from CT (vessel volume, radius, and tortuosity) were assessed using linear models. Tumors treated with anti-VEGFR2 antibody were then imaged to determine whether antiangiogenic therapy altered these relationships. Finally, functional-structural relationships were measured in 10 patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer.Results: Functional parameters iAUC and K trans primarily reflected vessel volume in untreated preclinical tumors. The relationships varied spatially and with tumor vascularity, and were altered by antiangiogenic treatment. In human liver metastases, all three structural parameters were linearly correlated with iAUC and K trans For iAUC, structural parameters also modified each other's effect.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that MR imaging biomarkers of vascular function are linked to structural changes in tumor vessels and that antiangiogenic therapy can affect this link. Our work also demonstrates the feasibility of three-dimensional functional-structural validation of MR biomarkers in vivo to improve their biological interpretation and clinical utility. Clin Cancer Res; 24(19); 4694-704. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavitra Kannan
- CRUK and MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Warren W Kretzschmar
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Gene Technology, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helen Winter
- CRUK and MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Warren
- CRUK and MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Russell Bates
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Philip D Allen
- CRUK and MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nigar Syed
- CRUK and MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- NHS, Department of Radiology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Irving
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Bartlomiej W Papiez
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jakob Kaeppler
- CRUK and MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Bosjtan Markelc
- CRUK and MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Kinchesh
- CRUK and MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart Gilchrist
- CRUK and MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sean Smart
- CRUK and MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Julia A Schnabel
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Maughan
- CRUK and MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian L Harris
- CRUK and MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth J Muschel
- CRUK and MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mike Partridge
- CRUK and MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ricky A Sharma
- CRUK and MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Veerle Kersemans
- CRUK and MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Ribatti D, Tamma R. A revisited concept. Tumors: Wounds that do not heal. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2018; 128:65-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Meng ZY, Kang HL, Duan W, Zheng J, Li QN, Zhou ZJ. MicroRNA-210 Promotes Accumulation of Neural Precursor Cells Around Ischemic Foci After Cerebral Ischemia by Regulating the SOCS1-STAT3-VEGF-C Pathway. J Am Heart Assoc 2018; 7:JAHA.116.005052. [PMID: 29478968 PMCID: PMC5866312 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.005052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Neural precursor cell (NPC) migration toward lesions is key for neurological functional recovery. The neovasculature plays an important role in guiding NPC migration. MicroRNA‐210 (miR‐210) promotes angiogenesis and neurogenesis in the subventricular zone and hippocampus after cerebral ischemia; however, whether miR‐210 regulates NPC migration and the underlying mechanism is still unclear. This study investigated the role of miR‐210 in NPC migration. Methods and Results Neovascularization and NPC accumulation was detected around ischemic foci in a mouse model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and reperfusion. Bone marrow–derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were found to participate in neovascularization. miR‐210 was markedly upregulated after focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. Overexpressed miR‐210 enhanced neovascularization and NPC accumulation around the ischemic lesion and vice versa, strongly suggesting that miR‐210 might be involved in neovascularization and NPC accumulation after focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. In vitro experiments were conducted to explore the underlying mechanism. The transwell assay showed that EPCs facilitated NPC migration, which was further promoted by miR‐210 overexpression in EPCs. In addition, miR‐210 facilitated VEGF‐C (vascular endothelial growth factor C) expression both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR‐210 directly targeted the 3′ untranslated region of SOCS1 (suppressor of cytokine signaling 1), and miR‐210 overexpression in HEK293 cells or EPCs decreased SOCS1 and increased STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) and VEGF‐C expression. When EPCs were simultaneously transfected with miR‐210 mimics and SOCS1, the expression of STAT3 and VEGF‐C was reversed. Conclusions miR‐210 promoted neovascularization and NPC migration via the SOCS1–STAT3–VEGF‐C pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-You Meng
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Hua-Li Kang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Duan
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Qian-Ning Li
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Zhu-Juan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
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Kim SM, Faix PH, Schnitzer JE. Overcoming key biological barriers to cancer drug delivery and efficacy. J Control Release 2017; 267:15-30. [PMID: 28917530 PMCID: PMC8756776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Poor delivery efficiency continues to hamper the effectiveness of cancer therapeutics engineered to destroy solid tumors using different strategies such as nanocarriers, targeting agents, and matching treatments to specific genetic mutations. All contemporary systemic anti-cancer agents are dependent upon passive transvascular mechanisms for their delivery into solid tumors. The therapeutic efficacies of our current drug arsenal could be significantly improved with an active delivery strategy. Here, we discuss how drug delivery and therapeutic efficacy are greatly hindered by barriers presented by the vascular endothelial cell layer and by the aberrant nature of tumor blood vessels in general. We describe mechanisms by which molecules cross endothelial cell (EC) barriers in normal tissues and in solid tumors, including paracellular and transcellular pathways that enable passive or active transport. We also discuss specific obstacles to drug delivery that make solid tumors difficult to treat, as well strategies to overcome them and enhance drug penetration. Finally, we describe the caveolae pumping system, a promising active transport alternative to passive drug delivery across the endothelial cell barrier. Each strategy requires further testing to define its therapeutic applicability and clinical utilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susy M Kim
- Proteogenomics Research Institute for Systems Medicine, 505 Coast Blvd. South, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States
| | - Peggy H Faix
- Proteogenomics Research Institute for Systems Medicine, 505 Coast Blvd. South, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States
| | - Jan E Schnitzer
- Proteogenomics Research Institute for Systems Medicine, 505 Coast Blvd. South, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States.
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30
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Impact of Blood Vessel Quantity and Vascular Expression of CD133 and ICAM-1 on Survival of Glioblastoma Patients. NEUROSCIENCE JOURNAL 2017; 2017:5629563. [PMID: 29250531 PMCID: PMC5698821 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5629563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is the most angiogenic tumor. Nevertheless, antiangiogenic therapy has not shown significant clinical efficacy. The aim of this study was to assess blood vessel characteristics on survival of GB patients. Surgically excised GB tissues were histologically examined for overall proportion of glomeruloid microvascular proliferation (MP) and the total number of blood vessels. Also, immunohistochemical vascular staining intensities of CD133 and ICAM-1 were determined. Vessel parameters were correlated with patients' overall survival. The survival time depended on the number of blood vessels (p = 0.03) but not on the proportion of MP. Median survival times for patients with low (<median) and high (≥median) number of blood vessels were 9.0 months (95% CI: 7.5–10.5) and 12.0 months (95% CI: 9.3–14.7). Also, median survival times for patients with low (<median) and high (≥median) vascular expression level of CD133 were 9.0 months (95% CI: 8.0–10.1) and 12.0 months (95% CI: 10.3–13.7). In contrast, the staining intensity of vascular ICAM-1 did not affect survival. In multivariate analysis, the number of blood vessels emerged as an independent predictor for longer overall survival (HR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.2–5.0, p = 0.02). For success in antiangiogenic therapy, better understanding about tumor vasculature biology is needed.
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Abstract
During vascular development, endothelial cells (ECs) and neighboring stromal cells interact and communicate through autocrine and paracrine signaling mechanisms involving extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and their cell surface integrin adhesion receptors. Integrin-mediated adhesion and signaling pathways are crucial for normal vascular development and physiology, and alterations in integrin expression and/or function drive several vascular-related pathologies including thrombosis, autoimmune disorders, and cancer. The purpose of this chapter is to discuss integrin adhesion and signaling pathways important for EC growth, survival, and migration. Integrin-mediated paracrine links between ECs and surrounding stromal cells in the organ microenvironment will also be discussed. Lastly, we will review roles for integrins in vascular pathologies and discuss possible targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola A Guerrero
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Joseph H McCarty
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.
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32
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Uhlik MT, Liu J, Falcon BL, Iyer S, Stewart J, Celikkaya H, O'Mahony M, Sevinsky C, Lowes C, Douglass L, Jeffries C, Bodenmiller D, Chintharlapalli S, Fischl A, Gerald D, Xue Q, Lee JY, Santamaria-Pang A, Al-Kofahi Y, Sui Y, Desai K, Doman T, Aggarwal A, Carter JH, Pytowski B, Jaminet SC, Ginty F, Nasir A, Nagy JA, Dvorak HF, Benjamin LE. Stromal-Based Signatures for the Classification of Gastric Cancer. Cancer Res 2017; 76:2573-86. [PMID: 27197264 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of metastatic gastric cancer typically involves chemotherapy and monoclonal antibodies targeting HER2 (ERBB2) and VEGFR2 (KDR). However, reliable methods to identify patients who would benefit most from a combination of treatment modalities targeting the tumor stroma, including new immunotherapy approaches, are still lacking. Therefore, we integrated a mouse model of stromal activation and gastric cancer genomic information to identify gene expression signatures that may inform treatment strategies. We generated a mouse model in which VEGF-A is expressed via adenovirus, enabling a stromal response marked by immune infiltration and angiogenesis at the injection site, and identified distinct stromal gene expression signatures. With these data, we designed multiplexed IHC assays that were applied to human primary gastric tumors and classified each tumor to a dominant stromal phenotype representative of the vascular and immune diversity found in gastric cancer. We also refined the stromal gene signatures and explored their relation to the dominant patient phenotypes identified by recent large-scale studies of gastric cancer genomics (The Cancer Genome Atlas and Asian Cancer Research Group), revealing four distinct stromal phenotypes. Collectively, these findings suggest that a genomics-based systems approach focused on the tumor stroma can be used to discover putative predictive biomarkers of treatment response, especially to antiangiogenesis agents and immunotherapy, thus offering an opportunity to improve patient stratification. Cancer Res; 76(9); 2573-86. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark T Uhlik
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Jiangang Liu
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Beverly L Falcon
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Seema Iyer
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, New York, New York
| | - Julie Stewart
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Hilal Celikkaya
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, New York, New York
| | | | | | - Christina Lowes
- General Electric Global Research Center, Niskayuna, New York
| | - Larry Douglass
- Department of Pathology, Wood Hudson Medical Center, Covington, Kentucky
| | - Cynthia Jeffries
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Diane Bodenmiller
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | - Anthony Fischl
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Damien Gerald
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, New York, New York
| | - Qi Xue
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, New York, New York
| | - Jee-Yun Lee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Seoul Korea
| | | | | | - Yunxia Sui
- General Electric Global Research Center, Niskayuna, New York
| | - Keyur Desai
- General Electric Global Research Center, Niskayuna, New York
| | - Thompson Doman
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Amit Aggarwal
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Julia H Carter
- Department of Pathology, Wood Hudson Medical Center, Covington, Kentucky
| | | | - Shou-Ching Jaminet
- Department of Pathology and Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Fiona Ginty
- General Electric Global Research Center, Niskayuna, New York
| | - Aejaz Nasir
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Janice A Nagy
- Department of Pathology and Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Harold F Dvorak
- Department of Pathology and Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Laura E Benjamin
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, New York, New York.
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Early Actions of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Drugs on Angiogenic Blood Vessels. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2017; 187:2337-2347. [PMID: 28736316 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Tumors induce their heterogeneous vasculature by secreting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A. Anti-VEGF/VEGF receptor (VEGFR) drugs treat cancer, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. An adenovirus expressing VEGF-A (Ad-VEGF-A164) replicates the tumor vasculature in mice without tumor cells. Mother vessels (MV) are the first angiogenic vessel type to form in tumors and after Ad-VEGF-A164. Multiday treatments with a VEGF trap reverted MV back to normal microvessels. We now show that, within hours, a single dose of several anti-VEGF drugs collapsed MV to form glomeruloid microvascular proliferations (GMP), accompanied by only modest endothelial cell death. GMP, common in many human cancers but of uncertain origin, served as an intermediary step in MV reversion to normal microvessels. The vasodisruptive drug combretastatin CA4 also targeted MV selectively but acted differently, extensively killing MV endothelium. Antivascular changes were quantified with a novel Evans blue dye assay that measured vascular volumes. As in tumors, Ad-VEGF-A164 strikingly increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression. The eNOS inhibitor N(G)-Nitro-l-arginine methyl ester mimicked anti-VEGF/VEGFR drugs, rapidly collapsing MV to GMP. Inhibition of eNOS reduces synthesis of its vasodilatory product, nitric oxide, leading to arterial contraction. Patients and mice receiving anti-VEGF/VEGFR drugs develop hypertension, reflecting systemic arterial contraction. Together, anti-VEGF/VEGFR drugs act in part by inhibiting eNOS, causing vasocontraction, MV collapse to GMP, and subsequent reversion of GMP to normal microvessels, all without extensive vascular killing.
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Li R, Zheng K, Yuan C, Chen Z, Huang M. Be Active or Not: the Relative Contribution of Active and Passive Tumor Targeting of Nanomaterials. Nanotheranostics 2017; 1:346-357. [PMID: 29071198 PMCID: PMC5646738 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.19380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumor (cancer) remains as one of the deadliest diseases throughout the world, despite its overall mortality drops. Nanomaterials (NMs) have been widely studied as diagnostic and/or therapeutic agents for tumors. A feature of NMs, compared to small molecules, is that NMs can be concentrated passively in tumors through enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. In the meantime, NMs can be engineered to target toward tumor specific markers in an active manner, e.g., receptor-mediated targeting. The relative contribution of the EPR effect and the receptor-mediated targeting to NM accumulation in tumor tissues has not been clearly defined yet. Here, we tackle this fundamental issue by reviewing previous studies. First, we summarize the current knowledge on these two tumor targeting strategies of NMs, and on how NMs arrive to tumors from blood circulation. We then demonstrate that contribution of the active and passive effects to total accumulation of NMs in tumors varies with time. Over time, the receptor-mediated targeting contributes more than the EPR effect with a ratio of 3 in the case of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR)-mediated targeting and human serum albumin (HSA)-mediated EPR effect. Therefore, this review highlights the dynamics of active and passive targeting of NMs on their accumulation at tumor sites, and is valuable for future design of NMs in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Ke Zheng
- Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, China
| | - Cai Yuan
- Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Mingdong Huang
- Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, China.,Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
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Weaver JD, Headen DM, Aquart J, Johnson CT, Shea LD, Shirwan H, García AJ. Vasculogenic hydrogel enhances islet survival, engraftment, and function in leading extrahepatic sites. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1700184. [PMID: 28630926 PMCID: PMC5457148 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1700184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Islet transplantation is a promising alternative therapy for insulin-dependent patients, with the potential to eliminate life-threatening hypoglycemic episodes and secondary complications of long-term diabetes. However, widespread application of this therapy has been limited by inadequate graft function and longevity, in part due to the loss of up to 60% of the graft in the hostile intrahepatic transplant site. We report a proteolytically degradable synthetic hydrogel, functionalized with vasculogenic factors for localized delivery, engineered to deliver islet grafts to extrahepatic transplant sites via in situ gelation under physiological conditions. Hydrogels induced differences in vascularization and innate immune responses among subcutaneous, small bowel mesentery, and epididymal fat pad transplant sites with improved vascularization and reduced inflammation at the epididymal fat pad site. This biomaterial-based strategy improved the survival, engraftment, and function of a single pancreatic donor islet mass graft compared to the current clinical intraportal delivery technique. This biomaterial strategy has the potential to improve clinical outcomes in islet autotransplantation after pancreatectomy and reduce the burden on donor organ availability by maximizing graft survival in clinical islet transplantation for type 1 diabetes patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica D. Weaver
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Devon M. Headen
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Jahizreal Aquart
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Christopher T. Johnson
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Tech and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Lonnie D. Shea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Suite 03-2303, 250 East Superior Street, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Haval Shirwan
- Institute of Cellular Therapeutics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- FasCure Therapeutics LLC, 300 East Market Street, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Andrés J. García
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
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Liu G, Li L, Huo D, Li Y, Wu Y, Zeng L, Cheng P, Xing M, Zeng W, Zhu C. A VEGF delivery system targeting MI improves angiogenesis and cardiac function based on the tropism of MSCs and layer-by-layer self-assembly. Biomaterials 2017; 127:117-131. [PMID: 28284103 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a serious ischemic condition affecting many individuals around the world. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is considered a promising factor for enhancing cardiac function by promoting angiogenesis. However, the lack of a suitable method of VEGF delivery to the MI area is a serious challenge. In this study, we screened a suitable delivery carrier with favorable biocompatibility that targeted the MI area using the strategy of an inherent structure derived from the body and that was based on characteristics of the MI. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are important infiltrating cells that are derived from blood and have an inherent tropism for the MI zone. We hypothesized that VEGF-encapsulated MSCs targeting MI tissue could improve cardiac function by angiogenesis based on the tropism of the MSCs to the MI area. We first developed VEGF-encapsulated MSCs using self-assembled gelatin and alginate polyelectrolytes to improve angiogenesis and cardiac function. In vitro, the results showed that VEGF-encapsulated MSCs had a sustained release of VEGF and tropism to SDF-1. In vivo, VEGF-encapsulated MSCs migrated to the MI area, enhanced cardiac function, perfused the infarcted area and promoted angiogenesis. These preclinical findings suggest that VEGF-loaded layer-by-layer self-assembled encapsulated MSCs may be a promising and minimally invasive therapy for treating MI. Furthermore, other drugs loaded to layer-by-layer self-assembled encapsulated MSCs may be promising therapies for treating other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Liu
- Department of Anatomy, National & Regional Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, burn and Combined injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Anatomy, National & Regional Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, burn and Combined injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Da Huo
- Department of Anatomy, National & Regional Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, burn and Combined injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yanzhao Li
- Department of Anatomy, National & Regional Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, burn and Combined injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yangxiao Wu
- Department of Anatomy, National & Regional Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, burn and Combined injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Lingqing Zeng
- Department of Anatomy, National & Regional Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, burn and Combined injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Panke Cheng
- Department of Anatomy, National & Regional Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, burn and Combined injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Malcolm Xing
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, 75A Chancellors Circle, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada; Manitoba Institute of Child Health, 715 McDermot Ave, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E3P4, Canada
| | - Wen Zeng
- Department of Anatomy, National & Regional Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, burn and Combined injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Chuhong Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, National & Regional Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, burn and Combined injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
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Smart N. Prospects for improving neovascularization of the ischemic heart: Lessons from development. Microcirculation 2017; 24. [DOI: 10.1111/micc.12335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Smart
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics; University of Oxford; Oxford UK
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Vasculature-On-A-Chip for In Vitro Disease Models. Bioengineering (Basel) 2017; 4:bioengineering4010008. [PMID: 28952486 PMCID: PMC5590435 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering4010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascularization, the formation of new blood vessels, is an essential biological process. As the vasculature is involved in various fundamental physiological phenomena and closely related to several human diseases, it is imperative that substantial research is conducted on characterizing the vasculature and its related diseases. A significant evolution has been made to describe the vascularization process so that in vitro recapitulation of vascularization is possible. The current microfluidic systems allow elaborative research on the effects of various cues for vascularization, and furthermore, in vitro technologies have a great potential for being applied to the vascular disease models for studying pathological events and developing drug screening platforms. Here, we review methods of fabrication for microfluidic assays and inducing factors for vascularization. We also discuss applications using engineered vasculature such as in vitro vascular disease models, vasculature in organ-on-chips and drug screening platforms.
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Zhang X, Chen XP, Lin JB, Xiong Y, Liao WJ, Wan Q. Effect of enriched environment on angiogenesis and neurological functions in rats with focal cerebral ischemia. Brain Res 2016; 1655:176-185. [PMID: 27818208 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of enriched environment (EE) on cerebral angiogenesis after ischemia-reperfusion injury. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by reperfusion was performed in rats to set up an animal model of ischemia-reperfusion injury. In a set of behavioral tests, we demonstrated that the animals in the IEE (ischemia + enriched environment) group exhibited significantly improved neurological functions compared to those in the standard housing condition group. In consistent with the functional tests, smaller infarction volumes were observed in the animals of IEE group. Laser scanning confocal microscopy and 3D quantitative analysis of cerebral microvessels revealed that EE treatment increased the total vessel surface area and number of branch point in the ischemic boundary zone. IgG extraction assay showed that the blood brain barrier (BBB) leakage in the ischemic brain was attenuated after EE treatment. EE treatment also enhanced endothelial cells (ECs) proliferation and increased the expression levels of VEGF and its receptor Flk-1 after ischemia-reperfusion injury. Analyses of Spearman's correlation coefficients indicated a correlation of mNSS scores with enhanced cerebral angiogenesis. Together, the results suggest that EE treatment-induced cerebral angiogenesis may contribute to the improved neurological outcome of stroke animals after ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xiu-Ping Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jun-Bin Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yu Xiong
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei-Jing Liao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Qi Wan
- Department of Physiology, Center for Brain Clinic, Zhongnan Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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Kuneš P, Holubcová Z, Koláčková M, Krejsek J. The Counter-Regulation of Atherogenesis: a Role for Interleukin-33. ACTA MEDICA (HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ) 2016. [DOI: 10.14712/18059694.2016.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The recently recognized cytokine interleukin-33 and its receptor ST2 play a favorable role during atherogenesis by inducing a Th1→Th2 shift of the immune response. IL-33 also protects the failing human heart from harmful biomechanical forces which lead to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and exaggerated interstitial fibrosis. IL-33 inevitably displays side effects common to other Th2 cytokines, the most grave of which is a predisposition to allergic reactions. IL-33 is a nuclear transcription factor of endothelial cells. As such, it is abundant in nonproliferating vessels. Its down-regulation is required for angiogenesis, which may be profitable in wound healing or deleterious in tumor growth.
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Li B, Zhang Y, Yin P, Zhou J, Jiang T. Ultrasonic features of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma coexisting with a thyroid abnormality. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:2451-2456. [PMID: 27698812 PMCID: PMC5038495 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) coexisting with a thyroid abnormality, and to improve the accuracy of PTMC diagnosis. The ultrasonic features of 38 PTMC nodules coexisting with a thyroid abnormality and 56 thyroid benign nodules, obtained by surgical resection and confirmed by pathological analysis, were retrospectively analyzed. All masses were ≤ 1.0 cm in diameter. Ultrasonic features that were analyzed included the shape, aspect ratio, boundary, margin, echo, uniformity, presence or absence of microcalcification and enlargement of the lymph nodes, as well as the blood flow of the nodules. Furthermore, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of ultrasonography for the diagnosis of PTMC were obtained. The following ultrasonic features of thyroid nodules were significantly (P<0.05) associated with PTMC coexisting with a thyroid abnormality: An irregular shape; an aspect ratio of ≥ 1; an unclear boundary; blurred margins; internal heterogeneous hypoechogenicity; and microcalcification. Therefore, thyroid nodules with these ultrasonic characteristics coexisting with a thyroid abnormality may be suspected as malignant PTMC. The present study demonstrated that ultrasound-guided biopsies are necessary to prevent misdiagnosis of PTMC. The sensitivities of enlarged neck lymph nodes and abundant blood flow are so low that they may be considered as references for the differentiation of PTMC from benign nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Medical College of Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
| | - Yaqiong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Central Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
| | - Ping Yin
- Department of Ultrasound, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Medical College of Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Medical College of Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P.R. China
| | - Tian'an Jiang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
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Falcon BL, Chintharlapalli S, Uhlik MT, Pytowski B. Antagonist antibodies to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) as anti-angiogenic agents. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 164:204-25. [PMID: 27288725 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Interaction of numerous signaling pathways in endothelial and mesangial cells results in exquisite control of the process of physiological angiogenesis, with a central role played by vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) and its cognate ligands. However, deregulated angiogenesis participates in numerous pathological processes. Excessive activation of VEGFR-2 has been found to mediate tissue-damaging vascular changes as well as the induction of blood vessel expansion to support the growth of solid tumors. Consequently, therapeutic intervention aimed at inhibiting the VEGFR-2 pathway has become a mainstay of treatment in cancer and retinal diseases. In this review, we introduce the concepts of physiological and pathological angiogenesis, the crucial role played by the VEGFR-2 pathway in these processes, and the various inhibitors of its activity that have entered the clinical practice. We primarily focus on the development of ramucirumab, the antagonist monoclonal antibody (mAb) that inhibits VEGFR-2 and has recently been approved for use in patients with gastric, colorectal, and lung cancers. We examine in-depth the pre-clinical studies using DC101, the mAb to mouse VEGFR-2, which provided a conceptual foundation for the role of VEGFR-2 in physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Finally, we discuss further clinical development of ramucirumab and the future of targeting the VEGF pathway for the treatment of cancer.
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Groppa E, Brkic S, Bovo E, Reginato S, Sacchi V, Di Maggio N, Muraro MG, Calabrese D, Heberer M, Gianni-Barrera R, Banfi A. VEGF dose regulates vascular stabilization through Semaphorin3A and the Neuropilin-1+ monocyte/TGF-β1 paracrine axis. EMBO Mol Med 2016; 7:1366-84. [PMID: 26323572 PMCID: PMC4604689 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201405003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
VEGF is widely investigated for therapeutic angiogenesis, but while short-term delivery is desirable for safety, it is insufficient for new vessel persistence, jeopardizing efficacy. Here, we investigated whether and how VEGF dose regulates nascent vessel stabilization, to identify novel therapeutic targets. Monoclonal populations of transduced myoblasts were used to homogeneously express specific VEGF doses in SCID mouse muscles. VEGF was abrogated after 10 and 17 days by Aflibercept treatment. Vascular stabilization was fastest with low VEGF, but delayed or prevented by higher doses, without affecting pericyte coverage. Rather, VEGF dose-dependently inhibited endothelial Semaphorin3A expression, thereby impairing recruitment of Neuropilin-1-expressing monocytes (NEM), TGF-β1 production and endothelial SMAD2/3 activation. TGF-β1 further initiated a feedback loop stimulating endothelial Semaphorin3A expression, thereby amplifying the stabilizing signals. Blocking experiments showed that NEM recruitment required endogenous Semaphorin3A and that TGF-β1 was necessary to start the Semaphorin3A/NEM axis. Conversely, Semaphorin3A treatment promoted NEM recruitment and vessel stabilization despite high VEGF doses or transient adenoviral delivery. Therefore, VEGF inhibits the endothelial Semaphorin3A/NEM/TGF-β1 paracrine axis and Semaphorin3A treatment accelerates stabilization of VEGF-induced angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Groppa
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Department of Surgery, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sime Brkic
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Department of Surgery, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuela Bovo
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Department of Surgery, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Reginato
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Department of Surgery, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Veronica Sacchi
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Department of Surgery, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nunzia Di Maggio
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Department of Surgery, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Manuele G Muraro
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Department of Surgery, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Diego Calabrese
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Heberer
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Department of Surgery, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Gianni-Barrera
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Department of Surgery, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Banfi
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Department of Surgery, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
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Dobaczewski M, Akrivakis S, Nasser K, Michael LH, Entman ML, Frangogiannis NG. Vascular Mural Cells in Healing Canine Myocardial Infarcts. J Histochem Cytochem 2016; 52:1019-29. [PMID: 15258177 DOI: 10.1369/jhc.3a6210.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a critical process in healing of myocardial infarcts, leading to the formation of highly vascular granulation tissue. However, effective cardiac repair depends on mechanisms that inhibit the angiogenic process after a mature scar is formed, preventing inappropriate expansion of the fibrotic process. Using a canine model of reperfused myocardial infarction, we demonstrated that maturation of the infarct leads to the formation of neovessels, with a thick muscular coat, that demonstrate distinct morphological characteristics. Many of these “neoarterioles” lack a defined internal elastic lamina and demonstrate irregular deposits of extracellular matrix in the media. Vascular mural cells in healing infarcts undergo phenotypic changes, showing minimal expression of desmin during the proliferative phase (1 hr occlusion/7 days reperfusion) but in the mature scar (8 weeks reperfusion) acquire a phenotype similar to that of vascular smooth muscle cells in control areas. Non-muscle myosin heavy chains A and B are induced in infarct endothelial cells and myofibroblasts, respectively, but are not expressed in neovascular mural cells. Recruitment of a muscular coat and formation of neoarterioles in mature scars may inhibit endothelial cell proliferation and vascular sprouting, stabilizing the infarct vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Dobaczewski
- Section of Cardiovascular Sciences, One Baylor Plaza M/S F-602, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Effects of prolonged ingestion of epigallocatechin gallate on diabetes type 1-induced vascular modifications in the erectile tissue of rats. Int J Impot Res 2016; 28:133-8. [PMID: 27169491 DOI: 10.1038/ijir.2016.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus type 1 is a metabolic disease that predisposes to erectile dysfunction, partly owing to structural and molecular changes in the corpus cavernosum (CC) vessels. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of early treatment with the antioxidant epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in cavernous diabetes-induced vascular modifications. Diabetes was induced in two groups of young Wistar rats; one group was treated with EGCG for 10 weeks. A reduction in smooth muscle content was observed in the CC of diabetic rats, which was significantly attenuated with EGCG consumption. No differences were observed among groups, neither in the expression of VEGF assayed by western blotting nor in the immunofluorescent labeling of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFR1 and VEGFR2). VEGFR2 was restricted to the endothelium, whereas VEGF and VEGFR1 co-localized in the smooth muscle layer. With regard to the Angiopoietin/Tie-2 system, no quantitative differences in Angiopoietin 1 were observed among the experimental groups. Ang1 localization was restricted to the smooth muscle layer, and receptor Tie2 and Angiopoietin 2 were both expressed in the endothelium. In brief, our results suggest that EGCG consumption prevented diabetes-induced loss of cavernous smooth muscle but does not affect vascular growth factor expression in young rats.
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Abstract
Solid tumors generally require a vascularized connective tissue stroma if they are to grow beyond minimal size. They generate that stroma in part by secreting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a potent vascular permeability and angiogenic factor. Increased vascular permeability leads to deposition of a provisional fibrin stroma, which supports tumor, connective tissue, and inflammatory cell migration and plays an active role in the formation of mature vascularized stroma. Vascular endothelial growth factor-induced tumor blood vessels are heterogeneous, of at least 6 distinct types, and develop linearly over time. They include both angiogenic (mother vessels, glomeruloid microvascular proliferations, vascular malformations, capillaries) and arteriovenogenic (feeding arteries, draining veins) blood vessels. Attacking the tumor vasculature with drugs that target VEGF or its receptors (VEGFR) has come into vogue but has been less effective than had been hope for. One reason for this is that anti-VEGF/VEGFR therapy attacks only a subset of tumor blood vessels, the earliest to form. New targets on late-forming blood vessels such as feeding arteries would be useful in helping antivascular cancer therapy fulfill its promise.
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Long-term safety and stability of angiogenesis induced by balanced single-vector co-expression of PDGF-BB and VEGF164 in skeletal muscle. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21546. [PMID: 26882992 PMCID: PMC4756385 DOI: 10.1038/srep21546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic angiogenesis by growth factor delivery is an attractive treatment strategy for ischemic diseases, yet clinical efficacy has been elusive. The angiogenic master regulator VEGF-A can induce aberrant angiogenesis if expressed above a threshold level. Since VEGF remains localized in the matrix around expressing cells, homogeneous dose distribution in target tissues is required, which is challenging. We found that co-expression of the pericyte-recruiting factor PDGF-BB at a fixed ratio with VEGF from a single bicistronic vector ensured normal angiogenesis despite heterogeneous high VEGF levels. Taking advantage of a highly controlled gene delivery platform, based on monoclonal populations of transduced myoblasts, in which every cell stably produces the same amount of each factor, here we rigorously investigated a) the dose-dependent effects, and b) the long-term safety and stability of VEGF and PDGF-BB co-expression in skeletal muscle. PDGF-BB co-expression did not affect the normal angiogenesis by low and medium VEGF doses, but specifically prevented vascular tumors by high VEGF, yielding instead normal and mature capillary networks, accompanied by robust arteriole formation. Induced angiogenesis persisted unchanged up to 4 months, while no tumors appeared. Therefore, PDGF-BB co-expression is an attractive strategy to improve safety and efficacy of therapeutic angiogenesis by VEGF gene delivery.
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Abstract
Proper vascularization remains critical to the clinical application of engineered tissues. To engineer microvessels in vitro, we and others have delivered endothelial cells through preformed channels into patterned extracellular matrix-based gels. This approach has been limited by the size of endothelial cells in suspension, and results in plugging of channels below ~30 μm in diameter. Here, we examine physical and chemical signals that can augment direct seeding, with the aim of rapidly vascularizing capillary-scale channels. By studying tapered microchannels in type I collagen gels under various conditions, we establish that stiff scaffolds, forward pressure, and elevated cyclic AMP levels promote endothelial stability and that reverse pressure promotes endothelial migration. We applied these results to uniform 20-μm-diameter channels and optimized the magnitudes of pressure, flow, and shear stress to best support endothelial migration and vascular stability. This vascularization strategy is able to form millimeter-long perfusable capillaries within three days. Our results indicate how to manipulate the physical and chemical environment to promote rapid vascularization of capillary-scale channels within type I collagen gels.
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Tebebi PA, Burks SR, Kim SJ, Williams RA, Nguyen BA, Venkatesh P, Frenkel V, Frank JA. Cyclooxygenase-2 or tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors attenuate the mechanotransductive effects of pulsed focused ultrasound to suppress mesenchymal stromal cell homing to healthy and dystrophic muscle. Stem Cells 2016; 33:1173-86. [PMID: 25534849 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Maximal homing of infused stem cells to diseased tissue is critical for regenerative medicine. Pulsed focused ultrasound (pFUS) is a clinically relevant platform to direct stem cell migration. Through mechanotransduction, pFUS establishes local gradients of cytokines, chemokines, trophic factors (CCTF) and cell adhesion molecules (CAM) in treated skeletal muscle that subsequently infused mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) can capitalize to migrate into the parenchyma. Characterizing molecular responses to mechanical pFUS effects revealed tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) drives cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) signaling to locally increase CCTF/CAM that are necessary for MSC homing. pFUS failed to increase chemoattractants and induce MSC homing to treated muscle in mice pretreated with ibuprofen (nonspecific COX inhibitor) or etanercept (TNFα inhibitor). pFUS-induced MSC homing was also suppressed in COX2-knockout mice, demonstrating ibuprofen blocked the mechanically induced CCTF/CAM by acting on COX2. Anti-inflammatory drugs, including ibuprofen, are administered to muscular dystrophy (MD) patients, and ibuprofen also suppressed pFUS-induced homing to muscle in a mouse model of MD. Drug interactions with cell therapies remain unexplored and are not controlled for during clinical cell therapy trials. This study highlights potentially negative drug-host interactions that suppress stem cell homing and could undermine cell-based approaches for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela A Tebebi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Catholic University of America, Washington, District of Columbia, USA; Frank Lab, Radiology and Imaging Sciences Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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