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Taheri MM, Javan F, Poudineh M, Athari SS. CAR-NKT Cells in Asthma: Use of NKT as a Promising Cell for CAR Therapy. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2024:10.1007/s12016-024-08998-0. [PMID: 38995478 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-024-08998-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
NKT cells, unique lymphocytes bridging innate and adaptive immunity, offer significant potential for managing inflammatory disorders like asthma. Activating iNKT induces increasing IFN-γ, TGF-β, IL-2, and IL-10 potentially suppressing allergic asthma. However, their immunomodulatory effects, including granzyme-perforin-mediated cytotoxicity, and expression of TIM-3 and TRAIL warrant careful consideration and targeted approaches. Although CAR-T cell therapy has achieved remarkable success in treating certain cancers, its limitations necessitate exploring alternative approaches. In this context, CAR-NKT cells emerge as a promising approach for overcoming these challenges, potentially achieving safer and more effective immunotherapies. Strategies involve targeting distinct IgE-receptors and their interactions with CAR-NKT cells, potentially disrupting allergen-mast cell/basophil interactions and preventing inflammatory cytokine release. Additionally, targeting immune checkpoints like PDL-2, inducible ICOS, FASL, CTLA-4, and CD137 or dectin-1 for fungal asthma could further modulate immune responses. Furthermore, artificial intelligence and machine learning hold immense promise for revolutionizing NKT cell-based asthma therapy. AI can optimize CAR-NKT cell functionalities, design personalized treatment strategies, and unlock a future of precise and effective care. This review discusses various approaches to enhancing CAR-NKT cell efficacy and longevity, along with the challenges and opportunities they present in the treatment of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Javan
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Poudineh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
- Cancer Gene therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
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Zhang P, Wang Y, Miao Q, Chen Y. The therapeutic potential of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway on immune-related diseases: Based on the innate and adaptive immune components. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115569. [PMID: 37769390 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, immunotherapy targeting programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) or programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) has revolutionized the treatment strategy of human cancer patients. Meanwhile, PD-1/PD-L1 pathway has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of many immune-related diseases, such as autoimmune diseases, chronic infection diseases and adverse pregnancy outcomes, by regulating components of the innate and adaptive immune systems. Given the power of the new therapy, a better understanding of the regulatory effects of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway on innate and adaptive immune responses in immune-related diseases will facilitate the discovery of novel biomarkers and therapeutic drug targets. Targeting this pathway may successfully halt or potentially even reverse these pathological processes. In this review, we discuss recent major advances in PD-1/PD-L1 axis regulating innate and adaptive immune components in immune-related diseases. We reveal that the impact of PD-1/PD-L1 axis on the immune system is complex and manifold and multi-strategies on the targeted PD-1/PD-L1 axis are taken in the treatment of immune-related diseases. Consequently, targeting PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, alone or in combination with other treatments, may represent a novel strategy for future therapeutic intervention on immune-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China; Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China; Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Qianru Miao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China; Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China; Division of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China.
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Helou DG, Quach C, Fung M, Painter JD, Hurrell BP, Eddie Loh YH, Howard E, Shafiei-Jahani P, Soroosh P, Sharpe AH, Akbari O. Human PD-1 agonist treatment alleviates neutrophilic asthma by reprogramming T cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 151:526-538.e8. [PMID: 35963455 PMCID: PMC9905221 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophilic asthma is associated with disease severity and corticosteroid insensitivity. Novel therapies are required to manage this life-threatening asthma phenotype. Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) is a key homeostatic modulator of the immune response for T-cell effector functions. OBJECTIVE We sought to investigate the role of PD-1 in the regulation of acute neutrophilic inflammation in a murine model of airway hyperreactivity (AHR). METHODS House dust mite was used to induce and compare neutrophilic AHR in wild-type and PD-1 knockout mice. Then, the therapeutic potential of a human PD-1 agonist was tested in a humanized mouse model in which the PD-1 extracellular domain is entirely humanized. Single-cell RNA sequencing and flow cytometry were mainly used to investigate molecular and cellular mechanisms. RESULTS PD-1 was highly induced on pulmonary T cells in our inflammatory model. PD-1 deficiency was associated with an increased neutrophilic AHR and high recruitment of inflammatory cells to the lungs. Consistently, PD-1 agonist treatment dampened AHR, decreased neutrophil recruitment, and modulated cytokine production in a humanized PD-1 mouse model. Mechanistically, we demonstrated at the transcriptional and protein levels that the inhibitory effect of PD-1 agonist is associated with the reprogramming of pulmonary effector T cells that showed decreased number and activation. CONCLUSIONS PD-1 agonist treatment is efficient in dampening neutrophilic AHR and lung inflammation in a preclinical humanized mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doumet Georges Helou
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Christine Quach
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Marshall Fung
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Jacob D Painter
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Benjamin P Hurrell
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Yong-Hwee Eddie Loh
- USC Libraries Bioinformatics Service, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Emily Howard
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Pedram Shafiei-Jahani
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | | | - Arlene H Sharpe
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Omid Akbari
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif.
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Targeting the Semaphorin3E-plexinD1 complex in allergic asthma. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 242:108351. [PMID: 36706796 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogenous airway disease characterized by airway inflammation and remodeling. It affects more than 300 million people worldwide and poses a significant burden on society. Semaphorins, discovered initially as neural guidance molecules, are ubiquitously expressed in various organs and regulate multiple signaling pathways. Interestingly, Semaphorin3E is a critical molecule in lung pathophysiology through its role in both lung development and homeostasis. Semaphorin3E binds to plexinD1, mediating regulatory effects on cell migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that the Semaphorin3E-plexinD1 axis is implicated in asthma, impacting inflammatory and structural cells associated with airway inflammation, tissue remodeling, and airway hyperresponsiveness. This review details the Semaphorin3E-plexinD1 axis in various aspects of asthma and highlights future directions in research including its potential role as a therapeutic target in airway allergic diseases.
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Kanannejad Z, Soleimanian S, Ghahramani Z, Sepahi N, Mohkam M, Alyasin S, Kheshtchin N. Immune checkpoint molecules in prevention and development of asthma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1070779. [PMID: 36865540 PMCID: PMC9972681 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1070779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a respiratory disease initiated by type-2 immune responses characterized by secretion of alarmins, interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, and IL-13, eosinophilic inflammation, and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Immune checkpoints (ICPs) are inhibitory or stimulatory molecules expressed on different immune cells, tumor cells, or other cell types that regulate immune system activation and maintain immune homeostasis. Compelling evidence indicates a key role for ICPs in both the progression and prevention of asthma. There is also evidence of asthma development or exacerbation in some cancer patients receiving ICP therapy. The aim of this review is to provide an updated overview of ICPs and their roles in asthma pathogenesis, and to assess their implications as therapeutic targets in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Kanannejad
- Allergy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeede Soleimanian
- Allergy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Ghahramani
- Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Najmeh Sepahi
- Allergy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Milad Mohkam
- Allergy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Soheila Alyasin
- Allergy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nasim Kheshtchin
- Allergy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Shankar A, McAlees JW, Lewkowich IP. Modulation of IL-4/IL-13 cytokine signaling in the context of allergic disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 150:266-276. [PMID: 35934680 PMCID: PMC9371363 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant activation of CD4 TH2 cells and excessive production of TH2 cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-13 have been implicated in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. Generally, IL-4 and IL-13 utilize Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathways for induction of inflammatory gene expression and the effector functions associated with disease pathology in many allergic diseases. However, it is increasingly clear that JAK/STAT pathways activated by IL-4/IL-13 can themselves be modulated in the presence of other intracellular signaling programs, thereby changing the overall tone and/or magnitude of IL-4/IL-13 signaling. Apart from direct activation of the canonic JAK/STAT pathways, IL-4 and IL-13 also induce proinflammatory gene expression and effector functions through activation of additional signaling cascades. These alternative signaling cascades contribute to several specific aspects of IL-4/IL-13-associated cellular and molecular responses. A more complete understanding of IL-4/IL-13 signaling pathways, including the precise conditions under which noncanonic signaling pathways are activated, and the impact of these pathways on cellular- and host-level responses, will better allow us to design agents that target specific pathologic outcomes or tailor therapies for the treatment of uncommon disease endotypes.
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Okwuofu EO, Hui AYC, Woei JLC, Stanslas J. Molecular and Immunomodulatory Actions of New Antiasthmatic Agents: Exploring the Diversity of Biologics in Th2 Endotype Asthma. Pharmacol Res 2022; 181:106280. [PMID: 35661709 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a major respiratory disorder characterised by chronic inflammation and airway remodelling. It affects about 1-8% of the global population and is responsible for over 461,000 deaths annually. Until recently, the pharmacotherapy of severe asthma involved high doses of inhaled corticosteroids in combination with β-agonist for prolonged action, including theophylline, leukotriene antagonist or anticholinergic yielding limited benefit. Although the use of newer agents to target Th2 asthma endotypes has improved therapeutic outcomes in severe asthmatic conditions, there seems to be a paucity of understanding the diverse mechanisms through which these classes of drugs act. This article delineates the molecular and immunomodulatory mechanisms of action of new antiasthmatic agents currently being trialled in preclinical and clinical studies to remit asthmatic conditions. The ultimate goal in developing antiasthmatic agents is based on two types of approaches: either anti-inflammatory or bronchodilators. Biologic and most small molecules have been shown to modulate specific asthma endotypes, targeting thymic stromal lymphopoietin, tryptase, spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), Janus kinase, PD-L1/PD-L2, GATA-3, and CD38 for the treatment and management of Th2 endotype asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Oshiogwe Okwuofu
- Pharmacotherapeutic Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Jonathan Lim Chee Woei
- Pharmacotherapeutic Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Johnson Stanslas
- Pharmacotherapeutic Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Tissue and circulating PD-L2: moving from health and immune-mediated diseases to head and neck oncology. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 175:103707. [PMID: 35569724 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Amongst the chief targets of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), namely the Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/PD-Ligands (Ls) axis, most research has focused on PD-L1, while to date PD-L2 is still under-investigated. However, emerging data support PD-L2 relevant expression in malignancies of the head and neck area, mostly in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and salivary gland cancers (SGCs). In this context, ICIs have achieved highly heterogeneous outcomes, emphasizing an urgent need for the identification of predictive biomarkers. With the present review, we aimed at describing PD-L2 biological significance by focusing on its tissue expression, its binding to PD-1 and RGMb receptors, and its impact on physiological and anti-cancer immune response. Specifically, we reported PD-L2 expression rates and significant clinical correlates among different head and neck cancer histotypes. Finally, we described the biology of soluble PD-L2 form and its potential application as a prognostic and/or predictive circulating biomarker.
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New Insights into the Role of PD-1 and Its Ligands in Allergic Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111898. [PMID: 34769327 PMCID: PMC8584538 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and its ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2 are receptors that act in co-stimulatory and coinhibitory immune responses. Signaling the PD-1/PD-L1 or PD-L2 pathway is essential to regulate the inflammatory responses to infections, autoimmunity, and allergies, and it has been extensively studied in cancer. Allergic diseases include asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis, drug allergy, and anaphylaxis. These overactive immune responses involve IgE-dependent activation and increased CD4+ T helper type 2 (Th2) lymphocytes. Recent studies have shown that PD-L1 and PD-L2 act to regulate T-cell activation and function. However, the main role of PD-1 and its ligands is to balance the immune response; however, the inflammatory process of allergic diseases is poorly understood. These immune checkpoint molecules can function as a brake or a kick-start to regulate the adaptive immune response. These findings suggest that PD-1 and its ligands may be a key factor in studying the exaggerated response in hypersensitivity reactions in allergies. This review summarizes the current understanding of the role of PD-1 and PD-L1 and PD-L2 pathway regulation in allergic diseases and how this immunomodulatory pathway is currently being targeted to develop novel therapeutic immunotherapy.
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10
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Immune checkpoints and reproductive immunology: Pioneers in the future therapy of infertility related Disorders? Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 99:107935. [PMID: 34304000 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
As co-stimulatory receptors, immune checkpoint molecules are found on the surface of various immune cells and transduce inhibitory signals following ligand binding. The most studied members in this regard include PD-1, TIM-3, and CTLA-4. The physiological part immune checkpoints possess is the prevention of dangerous immune attacks towards self-antigens throughout an immune response, which takes place through the negative regulation of the effector immune cells, through the induction of T-cell exhaustion, for instance. It has recently been suggested that each checkpoint reduces immunoactivation via distinct intracellular mechanisms of signaling. Regulators of immune checkpoints are supposed to participate actively in immune defense mechanisms against infections, preventing autoimmunity, transplantation, and tumor immune evasion. In pregnancy, as an active immunotolerance mechanism which is also natural, the maternal immune system encounters two simultaneous challenges; in addition to accepting the semi-allogeneic fetus, the maternal immune system should also prevent infections. In this regard, the part immune checkpoint molecules possess is particularly interesting. Herein, the current understanding of such part in reproductive immunology is described.
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Movassagh H, Shan L, Koussih L, Alamri A, Ariaee N, Kung SKP, Gounni AS. Semaphorin 3E deficiency dysregulates dendritic cell functions: In vitro and in vivo evidence. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252868. [PMID: 34185781 PMCID: PMC8241044 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of dendritic cell functions is a complex process in which several mediators play diverse roles as a network in a context-dependent manner. The precise mechanisms underlying dendritic cell functions have remained to be addressed. Semaphorins play crucial roles in regulation of various cell functions. We previously revealed that Semaphorin 3E (Sema3E) contributes to regulation of allergen-induced airway pathology partly mediated by controlling recruitment of conventional dendritic cell subsets in vivo, though the underlying mechanism remained elusive. In this study, we investigate the potential regulatory role of Sema3E in dendritic cells. We demonstrated that bone marrow-derived dendritic cells differentiated from Sema3e-/- progenitors have an enhanced migration capacity both at the baseline and in response to CCL21. The enhanced migration ability of Sema3E dendritic cells was associated with an overexpression of the chemokine receptor (CCR7), elevated Rac1 GTPase activity and F-actin polymerization. Using a mouse model of allergic airway sensitization, we observed that genetic deletion of Sema3E leads to a time dependent upregulation of CCR7 on CD11b+ conventional dendritic cells in the lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes. Furthermore, aeroallergen sensitization of Sema3e-/- mice lead to an enhanced expression of PD-L2 and IRF-4 as well as enhanced allergen uptake in pulmonary CD11b+ DC, compared to wild type littermates. Collectively, these data suggest that Sema3E implicates in regulation of dendritic cell functions which could be considered a basis for novel immunotherapeutic strategies for the diseases associated with defective dendritic cells in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Movassagh
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Lianyu Shan
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Latifa Koussih
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department des Sciences Experimentales, Universite de Saint-Boniface, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Abdulaziz Alamri
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Nazila Ariaee
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Sam K. P. Kung
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Abdelilah S. Gounni
- Department of Immunology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Harada M, Naoi H, Yasuda K, Ito Y, Kagoo N, Kubota T, Ichijo K, Mochizuki E, Uehara M, Matsuura S, Tsukui M, Koshimizu N. Programmed cell death-1 blockade in kidney carcinoma may induce eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: a case report. BMC Pulm Med 2021; 21:6. [PMID: 33407304 PMCID: PMC7789237 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-020-01375-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors have potential applications in treating various cancers but are associated with immune-related adverse events, such as inflammation, in a wide range of organs; however, allergic inflammation caused by these agents has not been extensively studied. Case presentation A 65-year-old man was diagnosed with a kidney neuroendocrine carcinoma. Three months after kidney resection surgery, the tumor cells had metastasized to his liver and lymph nodes. Subsequently, the patient started chemotherapy; however, regardless of treatment, the tumor grew, and the patient experienced a series of adverse effects, such as taste disorder, anorexia, and general fatigue. Finally, he was administered a programmed cell death (PD)-1 inhibitor, nivolumab (biweekly, toal 200 mg/body), which was effective against kidney carcinoma. However, the patient had a bronchial asthma attack at 22 cycles of nivolumab treatment and chest computed tomography (CT) revealed an abnormal bilateral shadow after 37 cycles of nivolumab treatment. Bronchoscopy findings revealed eosinophil infiltration in the lungs along with severe alveolar hemorrhage. Paranasal sinus CT scanning indicated sinusitis and nerve conduction analysis indicated a decrease in his right ulnar nerve conduction velocity. Based on these findings, the patient was diagnosed with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis; he was treated with prednisolone, which alleviated his bronchial asthma. To restart nivolumab treatment, the dose of prednisolone was gradually tapered, and the patient was administered a monthly dose of mepolizumab and biweekly dose of nivolumab. To date, there have been no bronchial attacks or CT scan abnormalities upon follow up. Conclusions We present a rare case in which a patient with cancer was diagnosed with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis following treatment with a PD-1 inhibitor. Blockade of PD-1 and the programmed cell death ligand (PD-L) 1/PD-1 and PD-L2/PD-1 signaling cascade may cause allergic inflammation. Further studies are needed to identify the specific mechanisms underlying allergic inflammation after PD-1 blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Harada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujieda Municipal General Hospital, 4-1-11 Surugadai, Fujieda City, Shizuoka Province, Japan.
| | - Hyogo Naoi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujieda Municipal General Hospital, 4-1-11 Surugadai, Fujieda City, Shizuoka Province, Japan
| | - Kazuyo Yasuda
- Department of Pathology, Fujieda Municipal General Hospital, 4-1-11 Surugadai, Fujieda City, Shizuoka Province, Japan
| | - Yutaro Ito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujieda Municipal General Hospital, 4-1-11 Surugadai, Fujieda City, Shizuoka Province, Japan
| | - Namio Kagoo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujieda Municipal General Hospital, 4-1-11 Surugadai, Fujieda City, Shizuoka Province, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Kubota
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujieda Municipal General Hospital, 4-1-11 Surugadai, Fujieda City, Shizuoka Province, Japan
| | - Koshiro Ichijo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujieda Municipal General Hospital, 4-1-11 Surugadai, Fujieda City, Shizuoka Province, Japan
| | - Eisuke Mochizuki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujieda Municipal General Hospital, 4-1-11 Surugadai, Fujieda City, Shizuoka Province, Japan
| | - Masahiro Uehara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujieda Municipal General Hospital, 4-1-11 Surugadai, Fujieda City, Shizuoka Province, Japan
| | - Shun Matsuura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujieda Municipal General Hospital, 4-1-11 Surugadai, Fujieda City, Shizuoka Province, Japan
| | - Masaru Tsukui
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujieda Municipal General Hospital, 4-1-11 Surugadai, Fujieda City, Shizuoka Province, Japan
| | - Naoki Koshimizu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujieda Municipal General Hospital, 4-1-11 Surugadai, Fujieda City, Shizuoka Province, Japan
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Leyva-Castillo JM, Das M, Artru E, Yoon J, Galand C, Geha RS. Mast cell-derived IL-13 downregulates IL-12 production by skin dendritic cells to inhibit the T H1 cell response to cutaneous antigen exposure. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 147:2305-2315.e3. [PMID: 33316284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by a skin barrier defect aggravated by mechanical injury inflicted by scratching, a TH2 cell-dominated immune response, and susceptibility to viral skin infections that are normally restrained by a TH1 cell response. The signals leading to a TH2 cell-dominated immune response in AD are not completely understood. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to determine the role of IL-13 in initiation of the TH cell response to cutaneously encountered antigens. METHODS Wild-type, Il13-/-, Il1rl1-/-, and Il4ra-/- mice, as well as mice with selective deficiency of IL-13 in mast cells (MCs) were studied; in addition, dendritic cells (DCs) purified from the draining lymph nodes of tape-stripped and ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized skin were examined for their ability to polarize naive OVA-TCR transgenic CD4+ T cells. Cytokine expression was examined by reverse-transcriptase quantitative PCR, intracellular flow cytometry, and ELISA. Contact hypersensitivity to dinitrofluorobenzene was examined. RESULTS Tape stripping caused IL-33-driven upregulation of Il13 expression by skin MCs. MC-derived IL-13 acted on DCs from draining lymph nodes of OVA-sensitized skin to selectively suppress their ability to polarize naive OVA-TCR transgenic CD4+ T cells into IFN-γ-secreting cells. MC-derived IL-13 inhibited the TH1 cell response in contact hypersensitivity to dinitrofluorobenzene. IL-13 suppressed IL-12 production by mouse skin-derived DCs in vitro and in vivo. Scratching upregulated IL13 expression in human skin, and IL-13 suppressed the capacity of LPS-stimulated human skin DCs to express IL-12 and promote IFN-γ secretion by CD4+ T cells. CONCLUSION Release of IL-13 by cutaneous MCs in response to mechanical skin injury inhibits the TH1 cell response to cutaneous antigen exposure in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mrinmoy Das
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School
| | - Emilie Artru
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School
| | - Juhan Yoon
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School
| | - Claire Galand
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School
| | - Raif S Geha
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School.
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14
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Inaba K, Yashiro T, Hiroki I, Watanabe R, Kasakura K, Nishiyama C. Dual Roles of PU.1 in the Expression of PD-L2: Direct Transactivation with IRF4 and Indirect Epigenetic Regulation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 205:822-829. [PMID: 32611724 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PD-L2, which has been identified as a PD-1 ligand, is specifically expressed in dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages. The transcription factors that determine the cell type-specific expression of PD-L2 are largely unknown, although PD-1 and its ligands, which have been shown to play important roles in T cell suppression, have been vigorously analyzed in the field of cancer immunology. To reveal the mechanism by which Pdcd1lg2 gene expression is regulated, we focused on DCs, which play key roles in innate and acquired immunity. The knockdown of the hematopoietic cell-specific transcription factors PU.1 and IRF4 decreased PD-L2 expression in GM-CSF-induced mouse bone marrow-derived DCs. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, luciferase assays, and electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated that PU.1 and IRF4 bound directly to the Pdcd1lg2 gene via an Ets-IRF composite element sequence and coordinately transactivated the Pdcd1lg2 gene. Furthermore, PU.1 knockdown reduced the histone acetylation of the Pdcd1lg2 gene. The knockdown of the typical histone acetyltransferase p300, which has been reported to interact with PU.1, decreased the expression and H3K27 acetylation of the Pdcd1lg2 gene. GM-CSF stimulation upregulated the Pdcd1lg2 gene expression, which was accompanied by an increase in PU.1 binding and histone acetylation in Flt3L-generated mouse bone marrow-derived DCs. The involvement of PU.1, IRF4, and p300 were also observed in mouse splenic DCs. Overall, these results indicate that PU.1 positively regulates Pdcd1lg2 gene expression as a transactivator and an epigenetic regulator in DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keito Inaba
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan; and.,Department of Computational Biology and Medical Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8568, Japan
| | - Takuya Yashiro
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan; and
| | - Ikumi Hiroki
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan; and
| | - Ryosuke Watanabe
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan; and
| | - Kazumi Kasakura
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan; and
| | - Chiharu Nishiyama
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan; and
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15
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Venugopal G, O'Regan NL, Babu S, Schumann RR, Srikantam A, Merle R, Hartmann S, Steinfelder S. Association of a PD-L2 Gene Polymorphism with Chronic Lymphatic Filariasis in a South Indian Cohort. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2019; 100:344-350. [PMID: 30594267 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a parasitic infection, caused by three closely related nematodes, namely Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori. Previously, we have shown that lysate from B. malayi microfilariae induces the expression of interleukin (IL)-10 and programmed death-ligand (PD-L) 1 on monocytes, which lead to inhibition of CD4+ T-cell responses. In this study, we investigated associations of IL-10 and programmed cell death (PD)-1 pathway gene polymorphisms with clinical manifestation in LF. We evaluated the frequency of alleles and genotypes of IL-10 (rs3024496, rs1800872), IL-10RA (rs3135932), IL-10RB (rs2834167), PD-1 (rs2227982, rs10204525), PD-L1 (rs4143815), PD-L2 (rs7854413), and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 103 patients with chronic pathology (CP), such as elephantiasis or hydrocele and 106 endemic normal (EN) individuals from a South Indian population living in an area endemic for LF. Deviations from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were tested, and we found a significant difference between the frequency of polymorphisms in PD-L2 (rs7854413; P < 0.001) and IL-10RB (rs2834167; P = 0.012) between the CP and the EN group, whereas there were no significant differences found among IL-10, IL-10RA, PD-1, and PD-L1 SNPs. A multivariate analysis showed that the existence of a CC genotype in PD-L2 SNP rs7854413 is associated with a higher risk of developing CP (OR: 2.942; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.957-9.046; P = 0.06). Altogether, these data indicate that a genetically determined individual difference in a non-synonymous missense SNP of PD-L2 might influence the susceptibility to CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopinath Venugopal
- Centre for Infection Medicine, Institute of Immunology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Noëlle L O'Regan
- Centre for Infection Medicine, Institute of Immunology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Subash Babu
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Research in Tuberculosis (NIRT), International Centre for Excellence in Research, Chennai, India
| | - Ralf R Schumann
- Institute for Microbiology and Hygiene, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aparna Srikantam
- Blue Peter Public Health and Research Centre, LEPRA Society, Hyderabad, India
| | - Roswitha Merle
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute for Veterinary Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Hartmann
- Centre for Infection Medicine, Institute of Immunology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Svenja Steinfelder
- Centre for Infection Medicine, Institute of Immunology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Neural Circuits and Behavior, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
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16
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Batyrova B, Luwaert F, Maravelia P, Miyabayashi Y, Vashist N, Stark JM, Soori SY, Tibbitt CA, Riese P, Coquet JM, Chambers BJ. PD-1 expression affects cytokine production by ILC2 and is influenced by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ. IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE 2019; 8:8-23. [PMID: 31742928 PMCID: PMC7016838 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) can provide early cytokine help against a variety of pathogens in the lungs and gastrointestinal tract. Type 2 ILC (ILC2) are comparable to T helper 2 cells found in the adaptive immune system, which secrete cytokines such as interleukin 5 (IL‐5) and IL‐13 and have been found to play roles in host defense against helminth infections and in allergic responses. Recent studies have identified that programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‐1) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor‐γ (PPAR‐γ) are highly expressed by ILC2. We examined whether PD‐1 plays a role in ILC2 function and whether there was any connection between PD‐1 and PPAR‐γ Methods To ensure that only innate immune cells were present, ILC2 cells were examined from RAG1−/− and PD‐1−/−xRAG1−/− mice under steady‐state or following inoculation with IL‐33. We also tested ILC2 generated from bone marrow of RAG1−/− and PD‐1−/−xRAG1−/− mice for their production of cytokines. These in vitro‐derived ILC2 were also exposed to agonist and antagonist of PPAR‐γ. Results We found that ILC2 from PD‐1−/−xRAG1−/− mice had reduced frequencies of IL‐5 and IL‐13 producing cells both in vitro upon IL‐33 stimulation and in vivo following intraperitoneal administration of IL‐33 when compared with ILC2 from RAG1−/− mice. However, by adding IL‐2, IL‐25, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin to the in vitro cultures, the frequency of IL‐5 and IL‐13 expressing ILC2 from PD‐1−/−xRAG1−/− mice became similar to the frequency observed for ILC2 from RAG1−/− mice. In addition, PPAR‐γ agonists and antagonists were found to increase and decrease PD‐1 expression on ILC2 respectively. Conclusions These findings illustrate that chronic loss of PD‐1 plays a role in ILC2 function and PD‐1 expression can be modulated by PPAR‐γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banu Batyrova
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Infectious Medicine (CIM), Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fien Luwaert
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Infectious Medicine (CIM), Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Panagiota Maravelia
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Infectious Medicine (CIM), Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yuria Miyabayashi
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Infectious Medicine (CIM), Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Neha Vashist
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Infectious Medicine (CIM), Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Julian M Stark
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Y Soori
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Infectious Medicine (CIM), Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christopher A Tibbitt
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Infectious Medicine (CIM), Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peggy Riese
- Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jonathan M Coquet
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Benedict J Chambers
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Infectious Medicine (CIM), Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
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17
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Kumar S, Jeong Y, Ashraf MU, Bae YS. Dendritic Cell-Mediated Th2 Immunity and Immune Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092159. [PMID: 31052382 PMCID: PMC6539046 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are the professional antigen-presenting cells that recognize and present antigens to naïve T cells to induce antigen-specific adaptive immunity. Among the T-cell subsets, T helper type 2 (Th2) cells produce the humoral immune responses required for protection against helminthic disease by activating B cells. DCs induce a Th2 immune response at a certain immune environment. Basophil, eosinophil, mast cells, and type 2 innate lymphoid cells also induce Th2 immunity. However, in the case of DCs, controversy remains regarding which subsets of DCs induce Th2 immunity, which genes in DCs are directly or indirectly involved in inducing Th2 immunity, and the detailed mechanisms underlying induction, regulation, or maintenance of the DC-mediated Th2 immunity against allergic environments and parasite infection. A recent study has shown that a genetic defect in DCs causes an enhanced Th2 immunity leading to severe atopic dermatitis. We summarize the Th2 immune-inducing DC subsets, the genetic and environmental factors involved in DC-mediated Th2 immunity, and current therapeutic approaches for Th2-mediated immune disorders. This review is to provide an improved understanding of DC-mediated Th2 immunity and Th1/Th2 immune balancing, leading to control over their adverse consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Science Research Center (SRC) for Immune Research on Non-Lymphoid Organ (CIRNO), Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
| | - Yideul Jeong
- Science Research Center (SRC) for Immune Research on Non-Lymphoid Organ (CIRNO), Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
| | - Muhammad Umer Ashraf
- Science Research Center (SRC) for Immune Research on Non-Lymphoid Organ (CIRNO), Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
| | - Yong-Soo Bae
- Science Research Center (SRC) for Immune Research on Non-Lymphoid Organ (CIRNO), Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
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18
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Miko E, Meggyes M, Doba K, Barakonyi A, Szereday L. Immune Checkpoint Molecules in Reproductive Immunology. Front Immunol 2019; 10:846. [PMID: 31057559 PMCID: PMC6482223 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint molecules, like CTLA-4, TIM-3, PD-1, are negative regulators of immune responses to avoid immune injury. Checkpoint regulators are thought to actively participate in the immune defense of infections, prevention of autoimmunity, transplantation, and tumor immune evasion. Maternal-fetal immunotolerance represents a real immunological challenge for the immune system of the mother: beside acceptance of the semiallogeneic fetus, the maternal immune system has to be prepared for immune defense mostly against infections. In this particular situation, the role of immune checkpoint molecules could be of special interest. In this review, we describe current knowledge on the role of immune checkpoint molecules in reproductive immunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Miko
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Janos Szentagothai Research Centre, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Matyas Meggyes
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Janos Szentagothai Research Centre, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Katalin Doba
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Aliz Barakonyi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Janos Szentagothai Research Centre, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Laszlo Szereday
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Janos Szentagothai Research Centre, Pécs, Hungary
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19
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George T, Chakraborty M, Giembycz MA, Newton R. A bronchoprotective role for Rgs2 in a murine model of lipopolysaccharide-induced airways inflammation. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2018; 14:40. [PMID: 30305828 PMCID: PMC6166284 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-018-0266-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Asthma exacerbations are associated with the recruitment of neutrophils to the lungs. These cells release proteases and mediators, many of which act at G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that couple via Gq to promote bronchoconstriction and inflammation. Common asthma therapeutics up-regulate expression of the regulator of G protein signalling (RGS), RGS2. As RGS2 reduces signaling from Gq-coupled GPCRs, we have defined role(s) for this GTPase-activating protein in an acute neutrophilic model of lung inflammation. Methods Wild type and Rgs2−/− C57Bl6 mice were exposed to nebulized lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Lung function (respiratory system resistance and compliance) was measured using a SCIREQ flexivent small animal ventilator. Lung inflammation was assessed by histochemistry, cell counting and by cytokine and chemokine expression in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. Results Lipopolysaccharide inhalation induced transient airways hyperreactivity (AHR) and neutrophilic lung inflammation. While AHR and inflammation was greatest 3 h post-LPS exposure, BAL neutrophils persisted for 24 h. At 3 h post-LPS inhalation, multiple inflammatory cytokines (CSF2, CSF3, IL6, TNF) and chemokines (CCL3, CCL4, CXCL1, CXCL2) were highly expressed in the BAL fluid, prior to declining by 24 h. Compared to wild type counterparts, Rgs2−/− mice developed significantly greater airflow resistance in response to inhaled methacholine (MCh) at 3 h post-LPS exposure. At 24 h post-LPS exposure, when lung function was recovering in the wild type animals, MCh-induced resistance was increased, and compliance decreased, in Rgs2−/− mice. Thus, Rgs2−/− mice show AHR and stiffer lungs 24 h post-LPS exposure. Histological markers of inflammation, total and differential cell counts, and major cytokine and chemokine expression in BAL fluid were similar between wild type and Rgs2−/− mice. However, 3 and 24 h post-LPS exposure, IL12B expression was significantly elevated in BAL fluid from Rgs2−/− mice compared to wild type animals. Conclusions While Rgs2 is bronchoprotective in acute neutrophilic inflammation, no clear anti-inflammatory effect was apparent. Nevertheless, elevated IL12B expression in Rgs2−/− animals raises the possibility that RGS2 could dampen Th1 responses. These findings indicate that up-regulation of RGS2, as occurs in response to inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting β2-adrenoceptor agonists, may be beneficial in acute neutrophilic exacerbations of airway disease, including asthma. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13223-018-0266-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tresa George
- 1Airways Inflammation Research Group, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6 Canada
| | - Mainak Chakraborty
- 2Immunology Research Group, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6 Canada
| | - Mark A Giembycz
- 1Airways Inflammation Research Group, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6 Canada
| | - Robert Newton
- 1Airways Inflammation Research Group, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6 Canada
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20
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Rochman Y, Dienger-Stambaugh K, Richgels PK, Lewkowich IP, Kartashov AV, Barski A, Khurana Hershey GK, Leonard WJ, Singh H. TSLP signaling in CD4 + T cells programs a pathogenic T helper 2 cell state. Sci Signal 2018. [PMID: 29535264 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aam8858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic T helper 2 (TH2) cells, which produce increased amounts of the cytokines interleukin-5 (IL-5) and IL-13, promote allergic disorders, including asthma. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), a cytokine secreted by epithelial and innate immune cells, stimulates such pathogenic TH2 cell responses. We found that TSLP signaling in mouse CD4+ T cells initiated transcriptional changes associated with TH2 cell programming. IL-4 signaling amplified and stabilized the genomic response of T cells to TSLP, which increased the frequency of T cells producing IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. Furthermore, the TSLP- and IL-4-programmed TH2 cells had a pathogenic phenotype, producing greater amounts of IL-5 and IL-13 and other proinflammatory cytokines than did TH2 cells stimulated with IL-4 alone. TSLP-mediated TH2 cell induction involved distinct molecular pathways, including activation of the transcription factor STAT5 through the kinase JAK2 and repression of the transcription factor BCL6. Mice that received wild-type CD4+ T cells had exacerbated pathogenic TH2 cell responses upon exposure to house dust mites compared to mice that received TSLP receptor-deficient CD4+ T cells. Transient TSLP signaling stably programmed pathogenic potential in memory TH2 cells. In human CD4+ T cells, TSLP and IL-4 promoted the generation of TH2 cells that produced greater amounts of IL-5 and IL-13. Compared to healthy controls, asthmatic children showed enhancement of such T cell responses in peripheral blood. Our data support a sequential cytokine model for pathogenic TH2 cell differentiation and provide a mechanistic basis for the therapeutic targeting of TSLP signaling in human allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yrina Rochman
- Division of Immunobiology and the Center for Systems Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA. .,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Krista Dienger-Stambaugh
- Division of Immunobiology and the Center for Systems Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Phoebe K Richgels
- Division of Immunobiology and the Center for Systems Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Ian P Lewkowich
- Division of Immunobiology and the Center for Systems Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Andrey V Kartashov
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Artem Barski
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Gurjit K Khurana Hershey
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Warren J Leonard
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Harinder Singh
- Division of Immunobiology and the Center for Systems Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
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21
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de Aragão-França LS, Aragão-França LS, Rocha VCJ, Rocha VCJ, Cronemberger-Andrade A, da Costa FHB, Costa FHB, Vasconcelos JF, Vasconcelos JF, Athanazio DA, Silva DN, Santos ES, Santos ES, Meira CS, Araujo CF, Araújo CF, Cerqueira JV, Cardillo F, Alcântara-Neves NM, Soares MBP, Pontes de Carvalho LC, Pontes-de-Carvalho LC. Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells Reduce Airway Inflammation in a Model of Dust Mite Triggered Allergic Inflammation. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2018; 10:406-419. [PMID: 29949837 PMCID: PMC6021587 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2018.10.4.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The use of tolerogenic dendritic cells (TolDCs) to control exacerbated immune responses may be a prophylactic and therapeutic option for application in autoimmune and allergic conditions. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of TolDC administration in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation caused by mite extract. METHODS Mouse bone marrow-derived TolDCs were induced by incubation with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and dexamethasone, and then characterized by flow cytometry and cytokine production by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). For the in vivo model of Blomia tropicalis-induced allergy, mice transplanted with antigen-pulsed TolDCs were sensitized intraperitoneally with B. tropicalis mite extract (BtE) adsorbed to aluminium hydroxide. After challenge by nasal administration of BtE, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), lungs, spleen and serum were collected for analysis. RESULTS Induction of TolDCs was efficiently achieved as shown by low expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II, programmed death-ligand (PD-L) 2 and pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and up-regulation of interleukin (IL)-10, upon LPS stimulation in vitro. Transplantation of 1 or 2 doses of BtE-pulsed TolDCs reduced the number of inflammatory cells in BALF and lungs as well as mucus deposition. Moreover, compared to saline-injected controls, TolDC-treated mice showed lower serum levels of anti-BtE immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies as well as reduced Gata3 and IL-4 gene expression in the lungs and decreased IFN-γ levels in the supernatant of splenocyte cultures Transplantation of TolDCs increased the percentage of the regulatory T cells in the spleen and the lungs. CONCLUSIONS Preventive treatment with TolDCs protects against dust mite-induced allergy in a mouse model, reinforcing the use of tolerogenic dendritic cells for the management of allergic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luciana S Aragão-França
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.,Centro de Biotecnologia e Terapia Celular, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Viviane C J Rocha
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | | | - F H B Costa
- Department of Diagnostics and Biomedical Sciences at The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, USA
| | | | - José Fernandes Vasconcelos
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.,Centro de Biotecnologia e Terapia Celular, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Daniel Abensur Athanazio
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | | | - E S Santos
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Cássio Santana Meira
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - C F Araújo
- Hospital Universitário Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Fabíola Cardillo
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Milena Botelho Pereira Soares
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.,Centro de Biotecnologia e Terapia Celular, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
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Borrie AE, Maleki Vareki S. T Lymphocyte–Based Cancer Immunotherapeutics. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 341:201-276. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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23
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Meggyes M, Szanto J, Lajko A, Farkas B, Varnagy A, Tamas P, Hantosi E, Miko E, Szereday L. The possible role of CD8+/Vα7.2+/CD161++ T (MAIT) and CD8+/Vα7.2+/CD161loT (MAIT-like) cells in the pathogenesis of early-onset pre-eclampsia. Am J Reprod Immunol 2017; 79. [DOI: 10.1111/aji.12805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matyas Meggyes
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology; Clinical Center; University of Pecs; Pecs Hungary
- Janos Szentagothai Research Center; Pecs Hungary
| | - Julia Szanto
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology; Clinical Center; University of Pecs; Pecs Hungary
| | - Adrienn Lajko
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology; Clinical Center; University of Pecs; Pecs Hungary
| | - Balint Farkas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Clinical Center; University of Pecs; Pecs Hungary
| | - Akos Varnagy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Clinical Center; University of Pecs; Pecs Hungary
| | - Peter Tamas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Clinical Center; University of Pecs; Pecs Hungary
| | - Eszter Hantosi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Clinical Center; University of Pecs; Pecs Hungary
| | - Eva Miko
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology; Clinical Center; University of Pecs; Pecs Hungary
- Janos Szentagothai Research Center; Pecs Hungary
| | - Laszlo Szereday
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology; Clinical Center; University of Pecs; Pecs Hungary
- Janos Szentagothai Research Center; Pecs Hungary
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Cho M, Lee JE, Lim H, Shin HW, Khalmuratova R, Choi G, Kim HS, Choi WS, Park YJ, Shim I, Kim BS, Kang CY, Kim JO, Tanaka S, Kubo M, Tung HY, Landers CT, Corry DB, Kheradmand F, Chung Y. Fibrinogen cleavage products and Toll-like receptor 4 promote the generation of programmed cell death 1 ligand 2-positive dendritic cells in allergic asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 142:530-541.e6. [PMID: 29038008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inhaled protease allergens preferentially trigger TH2-mediated inflammation in allergic asthma. The role of dendritic cells (DCs) on induction of TH2 cell responses in allergic asthma has been well documented; however, the mechanism by which protease allergens induce TH2-favorable DCs in the airway remains unclear. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine a subset of DCs responsible for TH2 cell responses in allergic asthma and the mechanism by which protease allergens induce the DC subset in the airway. METHODS Mice were challenged intranasally with protease allergens or fibrinogen cleavage products (FCPs) to induce allergic airway inflammation. DCs isolated from mediastinal lymph nodes were analyzed for surface phenotype and T-cell stimulatory function. Anti-Thy1.2 and Mas-TRECK mice were used to deplete innate lymphoid cells and mast cells, respectively. Adoptive cell transfer, bone marrow DC culture, anti-IL-13, and Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4-deficient mice were used for further mechanistic studies. RESULTS Protease allergens induced a remarkable accumulation of TH2-favorable programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 (PD-L2)+ DCs in mediastinal lymph nodes, which was significantly abolished in mice depleted of mast cells and, to a lesser extent, innate lymphoid cells. Mechanistically, FCPs generated by protease allergens triggered IL-13 production from wild-type mast cells but not from TLR4-deficient mast cells, which resulted in an increase in the number of PD-L2+ DCs. Intranasal administration of FCPs induced an increase in numbers of PD-L2+ DCs in the airway, which was significantly abolished in TLR4- and mast cell-deficient mice. Injection of IL-13 restored the PD-L2+ DC population in mice lacking mast cells. CONCLUSION Our findings unveil the "protease-FCP-TLR4-mast cell-IL-13" axis as a molecular mechanism for generation of TH2-favorable PD-L2+ DCs in allergic asthma and suggest that targeting the PD-L2+ DC pathway might be effective in suppressing allergic T-cell responses in the airway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkyoung Cho
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Lee
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hoyong Lim
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Roza Khalmuratova
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Garam Choi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | - Young-Jun Park
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Inbo Shim
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-Seok Kim
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Yuil Kang
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Ouk Kim
- Laboratory Science Division, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shinya Tanaka
- Research Institute for Biomedical Science, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, and the RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masato Kubo
- Research Institute for Biomedical Science, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, and the RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hui-Ying Tung
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Cameron T Landers
- Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - David B Corry
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex; Biology of Inflammation Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Farrah Kheradmand
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex; Biology of Inflammation Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Yeonseok Chung
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
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25
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Bratke K, Fritz L, Nokodian F, Geißler K, Garbe K, Lommatzsch M, Virchow JC. Differential regulation of PD-1 and its ligands in allergic asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 2017; 47:1417-1425. [PMID: 28865147 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeting PD-1/PD-1 ligand signalling is an established treatment option for cancer. The role of these molecules in allergic asthma has been investigated in several mouse studies yielding conflicting results. However, human studies investigating the expression and regulation of PD-1 and its ligands in allergic inflammation are lacking. OBJECTIVE To analyse the expression and regulation of PD-1 and its ligands in human allergic asthma. METHODS The well-established human asthma model of segmental allergen challenge (SAC) was used to analyse the regulation of PD-1 and its ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2 on T lymphocytes and dendritic cells by flow cytometry. The impact of immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated signalling on PD-L1 expression was analysed on isolated plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). RESULTS PD-1 expression by blood CD4+ T cells was negatively associated with total and specific (against the allergen used for provocation) IgE serum concentrations. Twenty-four hours after SAC, a small decrease in endobronchial PD-1+ CD4+ T cells was accompanied by an increase in PD-L1 expression on endobronchial myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) and pDCs. The PD-L1 up-regulation on pDCs was not induced by IgE-mediated mechanisms. In contrast, PD-L2 was only detected on endobronchial mDCs and was significantly down-regulated 24 hours after SAC. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study shows, for the first time, an association of a low PD-1 expression by circulating CD4+ T cells with high total and specific (against the allergen used for provocation) IgE concentrations in allergic asthma. In addition, we demonstrate a differential regulation of PD-1 ligands on endobronchial DCs after allergen challenge which may favour Th2 inflammation. Therefore, modulating PD-1 ligand-mediated pathways might be a promising target in allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Bratke
- Department of Pneumology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - L Fritz
- Department of Pneumology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - F Nokodian
- Department of Pneumology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - K Geißler
- Department of Pneumology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - K Garbe
- Department of Pneumology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - M Lommatzsch
- Department of Pneumology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - J C Virchow
- Department of Pneumology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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Enhanced expression of PD-L1 and IFN-γ on dendritic cells is associated with BCG-induced Th2 inhibition. Cytokine 2017; 99:163-172. [PMID: 28917991 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that the exposure to Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) prevents the development of allergy and the airway dendritic cells (DCs) may be involved in this protective effect. However, studies to better characterize the specific interactions between BCG and DCs and their role in this mycobacteria-mediated Th2 cell suppression are still ongoing. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the neonatal BCG vaccination in the innate immune response in a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced airway inflammation. BCG treated neonatal BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with aerosolized OVA. Twenty-four hours after the last challenge, samples were collected for analysis. The intranasal BCG treatment inhibited the allergic Th2-response by decreasing the allergen-induced eosinophilic inflammation, EPO activity, CCL11, IL-25, TSLP, IL-4 and IL-5 lung levels, and serum levels of IgE. Mycobacteria treatment increased lung levels of IL-10 and TGF-β, and the TLR2 and TLR4 expressions by pulmonary CD11c+CD103+CD8α+ DCs. Additionally an enhanced expression of PD-L1 was observed besides an increased production of IFN-γ by these cells. These results indicated that neonatal BCG vaccination inhibits key features of allergic airway inflammation, probably by promoting T regulatory immune response via an enhanced expression of TLR2, TLR4 and PD-L1 on DCs.
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McKay JT, Haro MA, Daly CA, Yammani RD, Pang B, Swords WE, Haas KM. PD-L2 Regulates B-1 Cell Antibody Production against Phosphorylcholine through an IL-5-Dependent Mechanism. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 199:2020-2029. [PMID: 28768724 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
B-1 cells produce natural Abs which provide an integral first line of defense against pathogens while also performing important homeostatic housekeeping functions. In this study, we demonstrate that programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 (PD-L2) regulates the production of natural Abs against phosphorylcholine (PC). Naive PD-L2-deficient (PD-L2-/-) mice produced significantly more PC-reactive IgM and IgA. This afforded PD-L2-/- mice with selectively enhanced protection against PC-expressing nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae, but not PC-negative nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae, relative to wild-type mice. PD-L2-/- mice had significantly increased PC-specific CD138+ splenic plasmablasts bearing a B-1a phenotype, and produced PC-reactive Abs largely of the T15 Id. Importantly, PC-reactive B-1 cells expressed PD-L2 and irradiated chimeras demonstrated that B cell-intrinsic PD-L2 expression regulated PC-specific Ab production. In addition to increased PC-specific IgM, naive PD-L2-/- mice and irradiated chimeras reconstituted with PD-L2-/- B cells had significantly higher levels of IL-5, a potent stimulator of B-1 cell Ab production. PD-L2 mAb blockade of wild-type B-1 cells in culture significantly increased CD138 and Blimp1 expression and PC-specific IgM, but did not affect proliferation. PD-L2 mAb blockade significantly increased IL-5+ T cells in culture. Both IL-5 neutralization and STAT5 inhibition blunted the effects of PD-L2 mAb blockade on B-1 cells. Thus, B-1 cell-intrinsic PD-L2 expression inhibits IL-5 production by T cells and thereby limits natural Ab production by B-1 cells. These findings have broad implications for the development of therapeutic strategies aimed at altering natural Ab levels critical for protection against infectious disease, autoimmunity, allergy, cancer, and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome T McKay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Marcela A Haro
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Christina A Daly
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Rama D Yammani
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Bing Pang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - W Edward Swords
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Karen M Haas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
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Different populations of CD11b + dendritic cells drive Th2 responses in the small intestine and colon. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15820. [PMID: 28598427 PMCID: PMC5472728 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
T-helper 2 (Th2) cell responses defend against parasites. Although dendritic cells (DCs) are vital for the induction of T-cell responses, the DC subpopulations that induce Th2 cells in the intestine are unidentified. Here we show that intestinal Th2 responses against Trichuris muris worms and Schistosoma mansoni eggs do not develop in mice with IRF-4-deficient DCs (IRF-4f/f CD11c-cre). Adoptive transfer of conventional DCs, in particular CD11b-expressing DCs from the intestine, is sufficient to prime S. mansoni-specific Th2 responses. Surprisingly, transferred IRF-4-deficient DCs also effectively prime S. mansoni-specific Th2 responses. Egg antigens do not induce the expression of IRF-4-related genes. Instead, IRF-4f/f CD11c-cre mice have fewer CD11b+ migrating DCs and fewer DCs carrying parasite antigens to the lymph nodes. Furthermore, CD11b+CD103+ DCs induce Th2 responses in the small intestine, whereas CD11b+CD103− DCs perform this role in the colon, revealing a specific functional heterogeneity among intestinal DCs in inducing Th2 responses. T helper 2 (Th2) cell responses are essential for immunity against parasites, but how Th2 response is modulated in the gut is still unclear. Here the authors show that distinct dendritic cell subsets distinguishable by CD11b, CD103 and IRF4 function in the small intestine or colon to promote Th2 responses.
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Li F, Zhu Y, Xie X, Ke R, Li S, Liu L, Lu J, Li M. Interleukin-12B gene polymorphisms and bronchial asthma risk: A meta-analysis. J Asthma 2017; 54:777-783. [PMID: 28287286 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2016.1277536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This meta-analysis aims to investigate whether interleukin-12B (IL-12B) -1188A/C or the promoter polymorphisms may be a risk factor for asthma. DATA SOURCES Web of Science, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang databases were searched (updated August 20, 2015). STUDY SELECTIONS Articles evaluating the association between IL-12B genetic polymorphisms and asthma risk were selected. RESULTS 13 eligible studies with a total of 5092 subjects were finally included in this meta-analysis. For IL-12B -1188A/C, analysis by ethnicity indicated that there was a markedly reduced risk for asthma in East Asian (CC + AC vs. AA: OR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.50-0.81, P < 0.001). For IL-12B promoter, analysis by ethnicity indicated there was a markedly increased risk in East Asian (MM vs. WM + WW: OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.18-2.10, P = 0.002). Analysis by allergic state revealed the similar results in atopic subgroup. CONCLUSIONS IL-12B -1188 C allele may be a protective factor against asthma in East Asian. In addition, promoter MM genotype may be a risk factor for asthma in East Asian and allergic people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangwei Li
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , China
| | - Yanting Zhu
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , China
| | - Xinming Xie
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , China
| | - Rui Ke
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , China
| | - Shaojun Li
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , China
| | - Lu Liu
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , China
| | - Jun Lu
- b Department of Clinical Research Center , the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , China
| | - Manxiang Li
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , China
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Starkey MR, Nguyen DH, Brown AC, Essilfie AT, Kim RY, Yagita H, Horvat JC, Hansbro PM. Programmed Death Ligand 1 Promotes Early-Life Chlamydia Respiratory Infection-Induced Severe Allergic Airway Disease. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2016; 54:493-503. [PMID: 26378990 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2015-0204oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia infections are frequent causes of respiratory illness, particularly pneumonia in infants, and are linked to permanent reductions in lung function and the induction of asthma. However, the immune responses that protect against early-life infection and the mechanisms that lead to chronic lung disease are incompletely understood. In the current study, we investigated the role of programmed death (PD)-1 and its ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2 in promoting early-life Chlamydia respiratory infection, and infection-induced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and severe allergic airway disease in later life. Infection increased PD-1 and PD-L1, but not PD-L2, mRNA expression in the lung. Flow cytometric analysis of whole lung homogenates identified monocytes, dendritic cells, CD4(+), and CD8(+) T cells as major sources of PD-1 and PD-L1. Inhibition of PD-1 and PD-L1, but not PD-L2, during infection ablated infection-induced AHR in later life. Given that PD-L1 was the most highly up-regulated and its targeting prevented infection-induced AHR, subsequent analyses focused on this ligand. Inhibition of PD-L1 had no effect on Chlamydia load but suppressed infection-induced pulmonary inflammation. Infection decreased the levels of the IL-13 decoy receptor in the lung, which were restored to baseline levels by inhibition of PD-L1. Finally, inhibition of PD-L1 during infection prevented subsequent infection-induced severe allergic airways disease in later life by decreasing IL-13 levels, Gob-5 expression, mucus production, and AHR. Thus, early-life Chlamydia respiratory infection-induced PD-L1 promotes severe inflammation during infection, permanent reductions in lung function, and the development of more severe allergic airway disease in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malcolm R Starkey
- 1 Center for Asthma and Respiratory Disease and Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; and
| | - Duc H Nguyen
- 1 Center for Asthma and Respiratory Disease and Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; and
| | - Alexandra C Brown
- 1 Center for Asthma and Respiratory Disease and Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; and
| | - Ama-Tawiah Essilfie
- 1 Center for Asthma and Respiratory Disease and Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; and
| | - Richard Y Kim
- 1 Center for Asthma and Respiratory Disease and Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; and
| | - Hideo Yagita
- 2 Department of Immunology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jay C Horvat
- 1 Center for Asthma and Respiratory Disease and Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; and
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- 1 Center for Asthma and Respiratory Disease and Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia; and
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Dmitrieva-Zdorova EV, Gabaeva MV, Seregin YA, Bodoev NV, Voronko OE. PDCD1 PD-1.3 polymorphism and allergic bronchial asthma in Russian and Buryat patients. J Asthma 2016; 54:46-52. [PMID: 27286421 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2016.1196366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The programmed death-1 receptor, PD-1, is a negative regulator of T-cell activation. The PD-1.3 polymorphism of the PD-1 gene (PDCD1) has been previously shown to be associated with several autoimmune and inflammatory disorders including systemic lupus erythematosus and multiple sclerosis. We examined for the first time PD-1.3 association with another inflammatory disease with strong immune component, IgE-mediated bronchial asthma, its severity and its biochemical markers (total serum IgE and IL-4). METHODS PD-1.3 G/A was genotyped by PCR-RFLP analysis using two different populations: Caucasian (492 Russian individuals) and Asian (276 Buryat individuals). RESULTS We found a significant association of the PD-1.3 polymorphism with IgE-mediated bronchial asthma and total serum IgE level in the Russian population. Combined genotype AA+AG was correlated with risk of developing allergic bronchial asthma (OR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.13-2.78, p = 0.011) and lower concentrations of total serum IgE (p = 0.001) compared with the wild-type genotype GG. However, PD-1.3 was not polymorphic in the Buryat population. CONCLUSIONS PD-1.3 polymorphism of the PD-1 gene (PDCD1) may contribute to the development of allergic asthma in the Russians but not in the Buryats. Our results could be helpful for a better understanding of the effect of this polymorphism on the development of diseases with strong immune components.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yuri A Seregin
- a Institute of Biomedical Chemistry (IBMC) , Moscow , Russia
| | | | - Olga E Voronko
- a Institute of Biomedical Chemistry (IBMC) , Moscow , Russia
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Edukulla R, Rehn KL, Liu B, McAlees JW, Hershey GK, Wang YH, Lewkowich I, Lindsley AW. Intratracheal myriocin enhances allergen-induced Th2 inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness. IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE 2016; 4:248-62. [PMID: 27621809 PMCID: PMC4893390 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Ceramide is the central substrate of sphingolipid metabolism and plays a key role in cellular signal transduction pathways, regulating apoptosis, differentiation, and chemotaxis. Alterations in airway ceramide levels are observed in multiple pulmonary diseases and recent human genetic association studies have linked dysregulation of sphingolipid regulatory genes with asthma pathogenesis. Methods Utilizing myriocin, a potent inhibitor of sphingolipid synthesis, we evaluated the immune regulatory role of de novo ceramide generation in vitro and in vivo. Intratracheal myriocin was administered alone or during house dust mite sensitization (HDM) of BALB/C mice and airway hyper‐responsiveness (AHR) was evaluated by invasive plethysmography followed by bronchial lavage (BAL) cytology and cytokine quantification. Results Myriocin inhibits and HDM exposure activates de novo ceramide synthesis in bone marrow‐derived dendritic cells. Mice receiving intratracheal myriocin developed a mild airway neutrophilic infiltrate without inducing a significant increase in AHR. CXCL1 was elevated in the BAL fluid of myriocin‐treated mice while the neutrophilic chemotactic factors anaphylatoxin C5a, leukotriene B4, and IL‐17 were unaffected. HDM treatment combined with myriocin led to a dramatic enhancement of AHR (63% increase over HDM alone, p < 0.001) and increased granulocyte pulmonary infiltrates versus HDM or myriocin alone. Elevated Th2 T cell counts and Th2 cytokines/chemokines (IL5, IL13, CCL17) were observed in mice treated with combined HDM/myriocin compared to HDM alone. Myriocin‐treated pulmonary CD11c+ cells stimulated with HDM secreted significantly more CXCL1 than cells stimulated with HDM alone while HDM stimulated airway epithelial cells showed no change in CXCL1 secretion following myriocin treatment. Conclusions Intratracheal myriocin, likely acting via ceramide synthesis inhibition, enhances allergen‐induced airway inflammation, granulocyte and Th2 lymphocyte recruitment, and allergen‐induced AHR. Sphingolipid pathways may represent novel targets for possible future anti‐inflammatory asthma medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakrishna Edukulla
- Division of Allergy and Immunology Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Kira Lee Rehn
- Division of Allergy and Immunology Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Bo Liu
- Division of Allergy and Immunology Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Jaclyn W McAlees
- Division of Immunobiology Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Gurjit K Hershey
- Division of Asthma ResearchCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOhioUSA; Department of PediatricsUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOhioUSA
| | - Yui Hsi Wang
- Division of Allergy and Immunology Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Ian Lewkowich
- Division of Immunobiology Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Andrew W Lindsley
- Division of Allergy and ImmunologyCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOhioUSA; Department of PediatricsUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOhioUSA
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Na H, Cho M, Chung Y. Regulation of Th2 Cell Immunity by Dendritic Cells. Immune Netw 2016; 16:1-12. [PMID: 26937227 PMCID: PMC4770095 DOI: 10.4110/in.2016.16.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Th2 cell immunity is required for host defense against helminths, but it is detrimental in allergic diseases in humans. Unlike Th1 cell and Th17 cell subsets, the mechanism by which dendritic cells modulate Th2 cell responses has been obscure, in part because of the inability of dendritic cells to provide IL-4, which is indispensable for Th2 cell lineage commitment. In this regard, immune cells other than dendritic cells, such as basophils and innate lymphoid cells, have been suggested as Th2 cell inducers. More recently, multiple independent researchers have shown that specialized subsets of dendritic cells mediate Th2 cell responses. This review will discuss the current understanding related to the regulation of Th2 cell responses by dendritic cells and other immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeongjin Na
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Minkyoung Cho
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yeonseok Chung
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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McAlees JW, Whitehead GS, Harley IT, Cappelletti M, Rewerts CL, Holdcroft AM, Divanovic S, Wills-Karp M, Finkelman FD, Karp CL, Cook DN. Distinct Tlr4-expressing cell compartments control neutrophilic and eosinophilic airway inflammation. Mucosal Immunol 2015; 8:863-73. [PMID: 25465099 PMCID: PMC4454628 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2014.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a chronic, inflammatory lung disease. Some forms of allergic asthma are characterized by T helper type 2 (Th2)-driven eosinophilia, whereas others are distinguished by Th17-driven neutrophilia. Stimulation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on hematopoietic and airway epithelial cells (AECs) contributes to the inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and allergens, but the specific contribution of TLR4 in these cell compartments to airway inflammatory responses remains poorly understood. We used novel, conditionally mutant Tlr4(fl/fl) mice to define the relative contributions of AEC and hematopoietic cell Tlr4 expression to LPS- and allergen-induced airway inflammation. We found that Tlr4 expression by hematopoietic cells is critical for neutrophilic airway inflammation following LPS exposure and for Th17-driven neutrophilic responses to the house dust mite (HDM) lysates and ovalbumin (OVA). Conversely, Tlr4 expression by AECs was found to be important for robust eosinophilic airway inflammation following sensitization and challenge with these same allergens. Thus, Tlr4 expression by hematopoietic and airway epithelial cells controls distinct arms of the immune response to inhaled allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn W. McAlees
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Gregory S. Whitehead
- Laboratory of Respiratory Biology, National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Isaac T.W. Harley
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Monica Cappelletti
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Cheryl L. Rewerts
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH
| | - A. Maria Holdcroft
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Senad Divanovic
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Marsha Wills-Karp
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Fred D. Finkelman
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH,Department of Medicine, Cincinnati Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH,Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Christopher L. Karp
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Donald N. Cook
- Laboratory of Respiratory Biology, National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC
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Froidure A, Vandenplas O, D'Alpaos V, Evrard G, Pilette C. Persistence of asthma following allergen avoidance is associated with proTh2 myeloid dendritic cell activation. Thorax 2015; 70:967-73. [PMID: 26103997 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-206364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The natural history of asthma includes in some patients periods of disease remission, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. OBJECTIVES We explored whether type 1 myeloid dendritic cell (mDC) dysfunction could be involved in the persistence of asthma, studying the controlled setting of occupational asthma after allergen avoidance. METHODS We recruited 32 patients with occupational asthma to flour or latex ascertained by specific inhalation challenge and who were no longer exposed to the causal allergen. Leukapheresis was performed in each patient to isolate and characterise blood type 1 mDCs, and their functionality was studied in coculture with allogeneic CD4(+) T cells from controls. RESULTS At follow-up, 11/32 patients (34%) were characterised by the absence of symptoms and non-specific bronchial hyper-responsiveness to histamine and were considered to be cured. When compared with cured patients, mDCs from patients with persistent disease increased the production of interleukin (IL) 5 and IL-13 by CD4(+) T cells, and upregulated programmed death ligand 2 (PD-L2) upon allergen pulsing. In addition, IL-5 and IL-13 responses could be reversed by exogenous IL-12, as well as by PD-L2 blockade. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that pro-Th2 features of mDCs correlate with disease activity in asthma after cessation of exposure to the causal allergen. The findings also highlight that the Th2 programming by dendritic cells is flexible and partly mediated by PD-L2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Froidure
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pôle de Pneumologie, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium Walloon Institute for Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Brussels, Belgium Department of Chest Medicine, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Vandenplas
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pôle de Pneumologie, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium Walloon Institute for Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Brussels, Belgium Department of Chest Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Mont-Godinne, Université catholique de Louvain, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Vinciane D'Alpaos
- Department of Chest Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Mont-Godinne, Université catholique de Louvain, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Geneviève Evrard
- Department of Chest Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Mont-Godinne, Université catholique de Louvain, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Charles Pilette
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pôle de Pneumologie, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium Walloon Institute for Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Brussels, Belgium Department of Chest Medicine, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Ashjaei K, Bublin M, Smole U, Lengger N, Hafner C, Breiteneder H, Wagner S, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K. Differential T-helper cell polarization after allergen-specific stimulation of autologous dendritic cells in polysensitized allergic patients. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2015; 166:97-106. [PMID: 25792188 PMCID: PMC4739505 DOI: 10.1159/000375405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dendritic cells (DCs) play an important role in the induction and regulation of adaptive immune responses by polarizing T-helper (Th) cells. In allergic disease this response is dominated by Th2 cells. It is still unclear whether the activation of Th cells by DCs in atopic individuals is allergen specific. Methods Monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs) obtained from polysensitized patients were stimulated with purified Bet v 1, Phl p 5 and Act d 10, and the surface marker expression was analysed. Proliferation and cytokine profiles of autologous naïve CD4+ T cells co-cultured with allergen-pulsed MoDCs were assessed. Results The addition of either Bet v 1 or Phl p 5 did not further increase the expression of surface markers from matured MoDCs in all study groups. In co-cultures, autologous naïve CD4+ T cells proliferated when DCs obtained from individuals allergic to birch and grass pollen were stimulated with Bet v 1 and Phl p 5, respectively. In the co-culture supernatants, significantly increased levels of IL-5 and IL-13 were detected. This effect correlated with the sensitization background and was absent when applying an unspecific allergen, Act d 10. The levels of IL-10 in supernatants of MoDCs and the levels of IL-10 and IFN-γ in supernatants of T cells remained unchanged upon stimulation with allergens. Conclusions In this study we observed that allergen-specific stimulation of MoDCs induces T-cell proliferation and upregulation of Th2-type cytokines. Interestingly, this Th2 polarization was only observed in cells stimulated with the allergen to which the patients were sensitized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazem Ashjaei
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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McAlees JW, Lajoie S, Dienger K, Sproles AA, Richgels PK, Yang Y, Khodoun M, Azuma M, Yagita H, Fulkerson PC, Wills-Karp M, Lewkowich IP. Differential control of CD4(+) T-cell subsets by the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in a mouse model of allergic asthma. Eur J Immunol 2015; 45:1019-29. [PMID: 25630305 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201444778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Studies examining the role of PD-1 family members in allergic asthma have yielded conflicting results. Using a mouse model of allergic asthma, we demonstrate that blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 has distinct influences on different CD4(+) T-cell subsets. PD-1/PD-L1 blockade enhances airway hyperreactivity (AHR), not by altering the magnitude of the underlying Th2-type immune response, but by allowing the development of a concomitant Th17-type immune response. Supporting differential CD4(+) T-cell responsiveness to PD-1-mediated inhibition, naïve PD-1(-/-) mice displayed elevated Th1 and Th17 levels, but diminished Th2 cytokine levels, and ligation of PD-1 in WT cells limited cytokine production by in vitro polarized Th1 and Th17 cells, but slightly enhanced cytokine production by in vitro polarized Th2 cells. Furthermore, PD-1 ligation enhanced Th2 cytokine production by naïve T cells cultured under nonpolarizing conditions. These data demonstrate that different CD4(+) T-cell subsets respond differentially to PD-1 ligation and may explain some of the variable results observed in control of allergic asthma by the PD-1 family members. As the PD-1/PD-L1 axis limits asthma severity by constraining Th17 cell activity, this suggests that severe allergic asthma may be associated with a defective PD-1/PD-L1 regulatory axis in some individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn W McAlees
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Trejo Bittar HE, Yousem SA, Wenzel SE. Pathobiology of severe asthma. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2014; 10:511-45. [PMID: 25423350 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-012414-040343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Severe asthma (SA) afflicts a heterogeneous group of asthma patients who exhibit poor responses to traditional asthma medications. SA patients likely represent 5-10% of all asthma patients; however, they have a higher economic burden when compared with milder asthmatics. Considerable research has been performed on pathological pathways and structural changes associated with SA. Although limitations of the pathological approaches, ranging from sampling, to quantitative assessments, to heterogeneity of disease, have prevented a more definitive understanding of the underlying pathobiology, studies linking pathology to molecular markers to targeted therapies are beginning to solidify the identification of select molecular phenotypes. This review addresses the pathobiology of SA and discusses the current limitations of studies, the inflammatory cells and pathways linked to emerging phenotypes, and the structural and remodeling changes associated with severe disease. In all cases, an effort is made to link pathological findings to specific clinical/molecular phenotypes.
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Gaurav R, Agrawal DK. Clinical view on the importance of dendritic cells in asthma. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2014; 9:899-919. [PMID: 24128155 DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2013.837260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Allergic asthma is characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation and may lead to airway remodeling in uncontrolled cases. Genetic predisposition to an atopic phenotype plays a major component in the pathophysiology of asthma. However, with tremendous role of epigenetic factors and environmental stimuli in precipitating an immune response, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are complicated. Dendritic cells are principal antigen-presenting cells and initiators of the immune response in allergic asthma. Their phenotype, guided by multiple factors may dictate the immune reaction to an allergic or tolerogenic response. Involvement of the local cytokine milieu, microbiome and interplay between immune cells add dimension to the fate of immune response. In addition to allergen exposure, these factors modulate DC phenotype and function. In this article, integration of many factors and pathways associated with the recruitment and activation of DCs in the pathophysiology of allergic asthma is presented in a clinical and translational manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Gaurav
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, CRISS II Room 510, 2500 California Plaza Omaha, NE 68178, USA
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