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Fairley LH, Grimm A, Herff SA, Eckert A. Translocator protein (TSPO) ligands attenuate mitophagy deficits in the SH-SY5Y cellular model of Alzheimer's disease via the autophagy adaptor P62. Biochimie 2024:S0300-9084(24)00030-0. [PMID: 38280505 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been widely implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), with accumulation of damaged and dysfunctional mitochondria occurring early in the disease. Mitophagy, which governs mitochondrial turnover and quality control, is impaired in the AD brain, and strategies aimed at enhancing mitophagy have been identified as promising therapeutic targets. The translocator protein (TSPO) is an outer mitochondrial membrane protein that is upregulated in AD, and ligands targeting TSPO have been shown to exert neuroprotective effects in mouse models of AD. However, whether TSPO ligands modulate mitophagy in AD has not been explored. Here, we provide evidence that the TSPO-specific ligands Ro5-4864 and XBD173 attenuate mitophagy deficits and mitochondrial fragmentation in a cellular model of AD overexpressing the human amyloid precursor protein (APP). Ro5-4864 and XBD173 appear to enhance mitophagy via modulation of the autophagic cargo receptor P62/SQSTM1, in the absence of an effect on PARK2, PINK1, or LC3 level. Taken together, these findings indicate that TSPO ligands may be promising therapeutic agents for ameliorating mitophagy deficits in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren H Fairley
- Research Cluster, Molecular & Cognitive Neuroscience, Neurobiology Laboratory for Brain Aging and Mental Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Amandine Grimm
- Research Cluster, Molecular & Cognitive Neuroscience, Neurobiology Laboratory for Brain Aging and Mental Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Psychiatric University Clinics, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Steffen A Herff
- The MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development, Western Sydney University, Australia
| | - Anne Eckert
- Research Cluster, Molecular & Cognitive Neuroscience, Neurobiology Laboratory for Brain Aging and Mental Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Psychiatric University Clinics, Basel, Switzerland
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Hu M, Ying X, Zheng M, Wang C, Li Q, Gu L, Zhang X. Therapeutic potential of natural products against Alzheimer's disease via autophagic removal of Aβ. Brain Res Bull 2024; 206:110835. [PMID: 38043648 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The pathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, include the deposition of extracellular amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and intracellular tau neurofibrillary tangles. A decline in cognitive ability is related to the accumulation of Aβ in patients with AD. Autophagy, which is a primary intracellular mechanism for degrading aggregated proteins and damaged organelles, plays a crucial role in AD. In this review, we summarize the most recent research progress regarding the process of autophagy and the effect of autophagy on Aβ. We further discuss some typical monomers of natural products that contribute to the clearance of Aβ by autophagy, which can alleviate AD. This provides a new perspective for the application of autophagy modulation in natural product therapy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hu
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, PR China
| | - Xinyi Ying
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, PR China
| | - Miao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, PR China
| | - Can Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, PR China
| | - Qin Li
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, PR China
| | - Lili Gu
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, PR China.
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, PR China.
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Li Y, Yang H, Zhao P, Yang J, Yao C, Zhou C, Yang C, Sun X, Li S, Li J. Autophagy markers, cognitive deficits and depressive symptoms in Parkinson's disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2024; 131:73-81. [PMID: 37801108 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-023-02702-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Depressive symptoms are common in Parkinson's disease (PD). The relationships between autophagy and PD or depression have been documented. However, no studies explored the role of autophagy markers associated with depressive symptoms in PD. Our study aimed to investigate the relationships between autophagy markers, cognitive impairments and depressive symptoms in PD patients. A total of 163 PD patients aged 50-80 years were recruited. Plasma concentrations of autophagy markers (LC3-I, LC3-II and p62/SQSTM1) and glycolipid parameters were measured. Depressive symptoms, cognitive impairments, and motor function were assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 (HAMD-17), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and the Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson's Rating Scale Part III (MDS-UPDRS-III), respectively. There were no significant differences between depressed and non-depressed PD patients for LC3-I, LC3-II, LC3-II/LC3-I and p62/SQSTM1. After controlling confounding variables, LC3-II/LC3-I showed an independent relationship with depressive symptoms in PD patients (Beta = 10.082, t = 2.483, p = 0.014). Moreover, in depressive PD patients, p62/SQSTM1 was associated with MoCA score (Beta = - 0.002, t = - 2.380, p = 0.020); Further, p62/SQSTM1 was related to naming ability; in addition, p62/SQSTM1 was independently associated with delayed recall (Beta = - 0.001, t = - 2.452, p = 0.017). LC3-II/LC3-I was related to depressive symptoms in PD patients. In depressive PD patients, p62/SQSTM1 was associated with cognitive function, especially naming ability and delayed recall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhe Li
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Hechao Yang
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300222, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Junfeng Yang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Cong Yao
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Chi Zhou
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Chenghao Yang
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Sun
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Shen Li
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300222, China.
| | - Jie Li
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300222, China.
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Ma J, Zheng M, Zhang X, Lu J, Gu L. Ethanol extract of Andrographis paniculata alleviates aluminum-induced neurotoxicity and cognitive impairment through regulating the p62-keap1-Nrf2 pathway. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:441. [PMID: 38057817 PMCID: PMC10698961 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04290-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative and remains incurable. Aluminum is a potent neurotoxin associated with AD. The main pathological features of AD are extracellular amyloid-β protein deposition and intracellular hyperphosphorylated Tau protein. A body of evidence suggest that oxidative stress and autophagy are involved in the pathogenesis of AD. Andrographis paniculata (AP) is a native plant with anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, and regulation of autophagy properties. AP significantly alleviated cognitive impairments, reduced Aβ deposition and has neuroprotective effect. However, its effects on aluminum-induced AD model have not been studied much. In this study, we investigated whether AP protect against aluminum-induced neurotoxicity through regulation of p62-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1(Keap1)-Nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway and activation autophagy in vivo and in vitro. METHODS UPLC-ESI-qTOF-MS/MS was used to identify the chemical constituents of AP ethanol extract. The mice with cognitive deficit were established by injecting aluminum chloride and D-galactose, and treated with either AP extract (200, 400, or 600 mg/kg/d) or andrographolide (2 mg/kg/2d).The spatial memory ability was detected by Morris water maze, HE staining were used to detect in brain tissue,Oxidative stress indexs and SOD activity in both serum and brain tissue were detected by kit.The expression of p62-Nrf2 pathway proteins were measured via western blotting. Furthermore, the neurotoxicity model was induced by aluminum maltolate (700 µM) in PC12 cells. Following AP and andrographolide treatment, the cell viability was detected. The relevant mRNA and protein expressions were detected in cells transfected with the p62 siRNA. RESULTS The main active components of AP included andrographolide, neoandrographolide and deoxyandrographolide as identified. AP and andrographolide significantly improved the spatial memory ability of mice, attenuated pathological changes of hippocampal cells, reduced the level of malondialdehyde, and increased superoxide dismutase activity in serum or brain tissue as compared to model control. In addition, the Nrf2, p62 and LC3B-II proteins expression were increased, and p-Tau and Keap1 proteins were decreased in the hippocampus after AP and andrographolide treatment.Furthermore, AP increased aluminum maltolate-induced cell viability in PC12 cells. Silencing p62 could reverse the upregulation expression of Nrf2 and downregulation of Keap1 and Tau proteins induced by AP in aluminum maltolate-treated cells. CONCLUSIONS AP had neuroprotective effects against aluminum -induced cognitive dysfunction or cytotoxicity, which was involved in the activation of the p62-keap1-Nrf2 pathway and may develop as therapeutic drugs for the treatment of AD. However, this study has certain limitations, further optimize the protocol or model and study the molecular mechanism of AP improving AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy (Institute of Materia Medica), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy (Institute of Materia Medica), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, China
| | - Jiaqi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy (Institute of Materia Medica), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, China
| | - Lili Gu
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy (Institute of Materia Medica), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310013, China.
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Huo S, Zhang X, Xu J, Zhang J, Du J, Li B, Song M, Shao B, Li Y, Xu F. Parkin-mediated mitophagy protects against aluminum trichloride-induced hippocampal apoptosis in mice via the mtROS-NLRP3 pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 264:115459. [PMID: 37703808 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum is a neurotoxic food contaminant. Aluminum trichloride (AlCl3) causes hippocampal mitochondrial damage, leading to hippocampal injury. Damaged mitochondria can release mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) and activate nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes and apoptosis. E3 ubiquitin ligase PARK2 (Parkin)-mediated mitophagy can attenuate mitochondrial damage. However, the role of mitophagy in AlCl3-induced mice hippocampal damage and its regulatory mechanism remain elusive. First, C57BL/6 N mice were treated with 0, 44.825, 89.65, and 179.3 mg/kg body weight AlCl3 drinking water for 90 d. Apoptosis, NLRP3-inflammasome activation and mitochondrial damage were increased in AlCl3-induced hippocampal damage. In addition, Parkin-mediated mitophagy peaked in the middle-dose group and was slightly attenuated in the high-dose group. Subsequently, we used wild-type and Parkin knockout (Parkin-/-) mice to investigate the AlCl3-induced hippocampal damage. The results showed that Parkin-/- inhibited mitophagy, and aggravated AlCl3-induced mitochondrial damage, NLRP3-inflammasome activation, apoptosis and hippocampal damage. Finally, we administered MitoQ (mtROS inhibitor) and MCC950 (NLRP3 inhibitor) to AlCl3-treated Parkin-/- mice to investigate the mechanism of Parkin-mediated mitophagy. The results showed that inhibition of mtROS and NLRP3 attenuated hippocampal NLRP3-inflammasome activation, apoptosis, and damage in AlCl3-treated Parkin-/- mice. These findings indicate that Parkin-mediated mitophagy protects against AlCl3-induced hippocampal apoptosis in mice via the mtROS-NLRP3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siming Huo
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xuliang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jinyu Xu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jiayu Du
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bo Li
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Miao Song
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bing Shao
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Feibo Xu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China.
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de Wet S, Theart R, Loos B. Cogs in the autophagic machine-equipped to combat dementia-prone neurodegenerative diseases. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1225227. [PMID: 37720551 PMCID: PMC10500130 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1225227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are often characterized by hydrophobic inclusion bodies, and it may be the case that the aggregate-prone proteins that comprise these inclusion bodies are in fact the cause of neurotoxicity. Indeed, the appearance of protein aggregates leads to a proteostatic imbalance that causes various interruptions in physiological cellular processes, including lysosomal and mitochondrial dysfunction, as well as break down in calcium homeostasis. Oftentimes the approach to counteract proteotoxicity is taken to merely upregulate autophagy, measured by an increase in autophagosomes, without a deeper assessment of contributors toward effective turnover through autophagy. There are various ways in which autophagy is regulated ranging from the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) to acetylation status of proteins. Healthy mitochondria and the intracellular energetic charge they preserve are key for the acidification status of lysosomes and thus ensuring effective clearance of components through the autophagy pathway. Both mitochondria and lysosomes have been shown to bear functional protein complexes that aid in the regulation of autophagy. Indeed, it may be the case that minimizing the proteins associated with the respective neurodegenerative pathology may be of greater importance than addressing molecularly their resulting inclusion bodies. It is in this context that this review will dissect the autophagy signaling pathway, its control and the manner in which it is molecularly and functionally connected with the mitochondrial and lysosomal system, as well as provide a summary of the role of autophagy dysfunction in driving neurodegenerative disease as a means to better position the potential of rapamycin-mediated bioactivities to control autophagy favorably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sholto de Wet
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Rensu Theart
- Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Ben Loos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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Karakatsani ME, Ji R, Murillo MF, Kugelman T, Kwon N, Lao YH, Liu K, Pouliopoulos AN, Honig LS, Duff KE, Konofagou EE. Focused ultrasound mitigates pathology and improves spatial memory in Alzheimer's mice and patients. Theranostics 2023; 13:4102-4120. [PMID: 37554284 PMCID: PMC10405840 DOI: 10.7150/thno.79898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Bilateral sonication with focused ultrasound (FUS) in conjunction with microbubbles has been shown to separately reduce amyloid plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau protein in the hippocampal formation and the entorhinal cortex in different mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) without any therapeutic agents. However, the two pathologies are expressed concurrently in human disease. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the effects of repeated bilateral sonications in the presence of both pathologies. Methods: Herein, we investigate its functional and morphological outcomes on brains bearing both pathologies simultaneously. Eleven transgenic mice of the 3xTg-AD line (14 months old) expressing human amyloid beta and human tau and eleven age-matched wild-type littermates received four weekly bilateral sonications covering the hippocampus followed by working memory testing. Afterwards, immunohistochemistry and immunoassays (western blot and ELISA) were employed to assess any changes in amyloid beta and human tau. Furthermore, we present preliminary data from our clinical trial using a neuronavigation-guided FUS system for sonications in AD patients (NCT04118764). Results: Interestingly, both wild-type and transgenic animals that received FUS experienced improved working memory and spent significantly more time in the escape platform-quadrant, with wild-type animals spending 43.2% (sham: 37.7%) and transgenic animals spending 35.3% (sham: 31.0%) of the trial in the target quadrant. Furthermore, this behavioral amelioration in the transgenic animals correlated with a 58.3% decrease in the neuronal length affected by tau and a 27.2% reduction in total tau levels. Amyloid plaque population, volume and overall load were also reduced overall. Consistently, preliminary data from a clinical trial involving AD patients showed a 1.8% decrease of amyloid PET signal 3-weeks after treatment in the treated hemisphere compared to baseline. Conclusion: For the first time, it is shown that bilateral FUS-induced BBB opening significantly and simultaneously ameliorates both coexistent pathologies, which translated to improvements in spatial memory of transgenic animals with complex AD, the human mimicking phenotype. The level of cognitive improvement was significantly correlated with the volume of BBB opening. Non-transgenic animals were also shown to exhibit similar memory amelioration for the first time, indicating that BBB opening results into benefits in the neuronal function regardless of the existence of AD pathology. A potential mechanism of action for the reduction of the both pathologies investigated was the cholesterol metabolism, specifically the LRP1b receptor, which exhibited increased expression levels in transgenic mice following FUS-induced BBB opening. Initial clinical evidence supported that the beta amyloid reduction shown in rodents could be translatable to humans with significant amyloid reduction shown in the treated hemisphere.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robin Ji
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Maria F. Murillo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Tara Kugelman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Nancy Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Yeh-Hsing Lao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Keyu Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | | | - Lawrence S. Honig
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Karen E. Duff
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Elisa E. Konofagou
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA
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Cheng L, Chen Y, Guo D, Zhong Y, Li W, Lin Y, Miao Y. mTOR-dependent TFEB activation and TFEB overexpression enhance autophagy-lysosome pathway and ameliorate Alzheimer's disease-like pathology in diabetic encephalopathy. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:91. [PMID: 37143104 PMCID: PMC10158341 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01097-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic encephalopathy (DE) is a complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that features Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like pathology, which can be degraded by the autophagy-lysosome pathway (ALP). Since transcription factor EB (TFEB) is a master regulator of ALP, TFEB-mediated ALP activation might have a therapeutic effect on DE, but this has yet to be investigated. METHODS We established T2DM mouse models and cultured HT22 cells under high-glucose (HG) conditions to confirm the role of ALP in DE. To further investigate this, both mice and HT22 cells were treated with 3-methyladenine (3-MA). We also analyzed the content of TFEB in the nucleus and cytoplasm to evaluate its role in ALP. To confirm the effect of TFEB activation at the post-translational level in DE, we used rapamycin to inhibit the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). We transduced both mice and cells with TFEB vector to evaluate the therapeutic effect of TFEB overexpression on DE. Conversely, we conducted TFEB knockdown to verify its role in DE in another direction. RESULTS We found that T2DM mice experienced compromised cognitive function, while HG-cultured HT22 cells exhibited increased cell apoptosis. Additionally, both T2DM mice and HG-cultured HT22 cells showed impaired ALP and heavier AD-like pathology. This pathology worsened after treatment with 3-MA. We also observed decreased TFEB nuclear translocation in both T2DM mice and HG-cultured HT22 cells. However, inhibiting mTOR with rapamycin or overexpressing TFEB increased TFEB nuclear translocation, enhancing the clearance of ALP-targeted AD-like pathology. This contributed to protection against neuronal apoptosis and alleviation of cognitive impairment. Conversely, TFEB knockdown lessened ALP-targeted AD-like pathology clearance and had a negative impact on DE. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that impaired ALP is responsible for the aggravation of AD-like pathology in T2DM. We propose that mTOR-dependent TFEB activation and TFEB overexpression are promising therapeutic strategies for DE, as they enhance the clearance of ALP-targeted AD-like pathology and alleviate neuronal apoptosis. Our study provides insight into the underlying mechanisms of DE and offers potential avenues for the development of new treatments for this debilitating complication of T2DM. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Cheng
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixin Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Donghao Guo
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Yuan Zhong
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijia Lin
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Miao
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China.
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Magnolol improves Alzheimer's disease-like pathologies and cognitive decline by promoting autophagy through activation of the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114473. [PMID: 36889111 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease. Amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque deposition and apoptosis are main pathological features of AD. Autophagy plays an important role in clearing abnormal protein accumulation and inhibiting apoptosis; however, autophagy defects often occur from the early stages of AD. The serine/threonine AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/unc-51-like kinase 1/2 (ULK1/2) pathway serves as an energy sensor and is involved in autophagy activation. Furthermore, magnolol is an autophagy regulator, and has potential for AD therapy. We propose that magnolol can ameliorate AD pathologies and inhibit apoptosis by regulating autophagy through the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 pathway. We examined cognitive function and AD-related pathologies in AD transgenic mice and the protective mechanism of magnolol by western blotting, flow cytometry, and a tandem mRFP-GFP-LC3 adenovirus assay in Aβ oligomer (AβO)-induced N2a and BV2 cell models. In our study, magnolol decreased amyloid pathology and ameliorated cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mice. Moreover, magnolol inhibited apoptosis by downregulating cleaved-caspase-9 and Bax and upregulating Bcl-2 in APP/PS1 mice and AβO-induced cell models. Magnolol promoted autophagy by degrading p62/SQSTM1, and upregulating LC3II and Beclin-1 expression. Magnolol activated the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 pathway by increasing phosphorylation of AMPK and ULK1 and decreasing mTOR phosphorylation in in vivo and in vitro AD models. AMPK inhibitor weakened the effects of magnolol in promoting autophagy and inhibiting apoptosis, and ULK1 knockdown weakened the effect of magnolol on AβO-induced apoptosis. These results indicate that magnolol inhibits apoptosis and improves AD-related pathologies by promoting autophagy through activation of the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 pathway.
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Makhdoomi S, Ariafar S, Mirzaei F, Mohammadi M. Aluminum neurotoxicity and autophagy: a mechanistic view. Neurol Res 2023; 45:216-225. [PMID: 36208459 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2022.2132727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
Abstract
It is strongly believed that aluminum is one of the insalubrious agents because of its neurotoxicity effects and influences on amyloid β (Aβ) production and tau protein hyperphosphorylation following oxidative stress, as one of the initial events in neurotoxicity. The autophagy process plays a considerable role in neurons in preserving intracellular homeostasis and recycling organelles and proteins, especially Aβ and soluble tau. Thus, autophagy is suggested to ameliorate aluminum neurotoxicity effects, and dysfunction of this process can lead to an increase in detrimental proteins. However, the relationship between aluminum neurotoxicity and autophagy dysregulation in some dimensions remains unclear. In the present review, we want to give an overview of the autophagy roles in aluminum neurotoxicity and how dysregulation of autophagy can affect aluminum neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Makhdoomi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Saba Ariafar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mirzaei
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mojdeh Mohammadi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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11
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Akwa Y, Di Malta C, Zallo F, Gondard E, Lunati A, Diaz-de-Grenu LZ, Zampelli A, Boiret A, Santamaria S, Martinez-Preciado M, Cortese K, Kordower JH, Matute C, Lozano AM, Capetillo-Zarate E, Vaccari T, Settembre C, Baulieu EE, Tampellini D. Stimulation of synaptic activity promotes TFEB-mediated clearance of pathological MAPT/Tau in cellular and mouse models of tauopathies. Autophagy 2023; 19:660-677. [PMID: 35867714 PMCID: PMC9851246 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2095791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Synapses represent an important target of Alzheimer disease (AD), and alterations of their excitability are among the earliest changes associated with AD development. Synaptic activation has been shown to be protective in models of AD, and deep brain stimulation (DBS), a surgical strategy that modulates neuronal activity to treat neurological and psychiatric disorders, produced positive effects in AD patients. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the protective role(s) of brain stimulation are still elusive. We have previously demonstrated that induction of synaptic activity exerts protection in mouse models of AD and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) by enhancing the macroautophagy/autophagy flux and lysosomal degradation of pathological MAPT/Tau. We now provide evidence that TFEB (transcription factor EB), a master regulator of lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy, is a key mediator of this cellular response. In cultured primary neurons from FTD-transgenic mice, synaptic stimulation inhibits MTORC1 signaling, thus promoting nuclear translocation of TFEB, which, in turn, induces clearance of MAPT/Tau oligomers. Conversely, synaptic activation fails to promote clearance of toxic MAPT/Tau in neurons expressing constitutively active RRAG GTPases, which sequester TFEB in the cytosol, or upon TFEB depletion. Activation of TFEB is also confirmed in vivo in DBS-stimulated AD mice. We also demonstrate that DBS reduces pathological MAPT/Tau and promotes neuroprotection in Parkinson disease patients with tauopathy. Altogether our findings indicate that stimulation of synaptic activity promotes TFEB-mediated clearance of pathological MAPT/Tau. This mechanism, underlying the protective effect of DBS, provides encouraging support for the use of synaptic stimulation as a therapeutic treatment against tauopathies.Abbreviations: 3xTg-AD: triple transgenic AD mice; AD: Alzheimer disease; CSA: cyclosporine A; DBS: deep brain stimulation; DIV: days in vitro; EC: entorhinal cortex; FTD: frontotemporal dementia; gLTP: glycine-induced long-term potentiation; GPi: internal segment of the globus pallidus; PD: Parkinson disease; STN: subthalamic nucleus; TFEB: transcription factor EB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvette Akwa
- Department of Diseases and Hormones of the Nervous System, U1195 INSERM - Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Chiara Di Malta
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy,Department. of Translational Medicine, Medical Genetics, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Fátima Zallo
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Departamento de Neurociencias, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU) and Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades, Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, Spain
| | - Elise Gondard
- Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Adele Lunati
- Institut Professeur Baulieu, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Lara Z. Diaz-de-Grenu
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Departamento de Neurociencias, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU) and Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades, Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, Spain,TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio, Spain
| | - Angela Zampelli
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Anne Boiret
- Department of Diseases and Hormones of the Nervous System, U1195 INSERM - Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France,Institut Professeur Baulieu, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Sara Santamaria
- Cellular Electron Microscopy Lab, DIMES, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Maialen Martinez-Preciado
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Departamento de Neurociencias, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU) and Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades, Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, Spain
| | - Katia Cortese
- Cellular Electron Microscopy Lab, DIMES, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Jeffrey H. Kordower
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA,College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Carlos Matute
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Departamento de Neurociencias, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU) and Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades, Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, Spain
| | - Andres M. Lozano
- Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada,Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Estibaliz Capetillo-Zarate
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Departamento de Neurociencias, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU) and Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades, Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, Spain,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Thomas Vaccari
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Carmine Settembre
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Etienne E. Baulieu
- Department of Diseases and Hormones of the Nervous System, U1195 INSERM - Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France,Institut Professeur Baulieu, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Davide Tampellini
- Department of Diseases and Hormones of the Nervous System, U1195 INSERM - Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France,Institut Professeur Baulieu, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France,CONTACT Davide Tampellini CHU Bicêtre, U 1195 Inserm - Université Paris-Saclay. Secteur Marron, Bât. G. Pincus, door 47, 80, rue du General Leclerc 94276 Kremlin-Bicêtre CedexFrance
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12
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Yuan M, Wang Y, Huang Z, Jing F, Qiao P, Zou Q, Li J, Cai Z. Impaired autophagy in amyloid-beta pathology: A traditional review of recent Alzheimer's research. J Biomed Res 2023; 37:30-46. [PMID: 36642915 PMCID: PMC9898044 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.36.20220145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder. The major pathological changes in AD progression are the generation and accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides as well as the presence of abnormally hyperphosphorylated tau proteins in the brain. Autophagy is a conserved degradation pathway that eliminates abnormal protein aggregates and damaged organelles. Previous studies have suggested that autophagy plays a key role in the production and clearance of Aβ peptides to maintain a steady-state of Aβ peptides levels. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that autophagy is significantly impaired in the pathogenesis of AD, especially in Aβ metabolism. Therefore, this article reviews the latest studies concerning the mechanisms of autophagy, the metabolism of Aβ peptides, and the defective autophagy in the production and clearance of Aβ peptides. Here, we also summarize the established and new strategies for targeting autophagy in vivo and through clinical AD trials to identify gaps in our knowledge and to generate further questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Yuan
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Zhenting Huang
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Feng Jing
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Peifeng Qiao
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Qian Zou
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China
| | - Zhiyou Cai
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Department of Neurology, Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400013, China,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing 400013, China,Zhiyou Cai, Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.118, Xingguang Avenue, Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing 401147, China. Tel/Fax: +86-23-63515796/+86-23-63515796, E-mail:
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13
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Yang H, Oh CK, Amal H, Wishnok JS, Lewis S, Schahrer E, Trudler D, Nakamura T, Tannenbaum SR, Lipton SA. Mechanistic insight into female predominance in Alzheimer's disease based on aberrant protein S-nitrosylation of C3. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eade0764. [PMID: 36516243 PMCID: PMC9750152 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade0764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Protein S-nitros(yl)ation (SNO) is a posttranslational modification involved in diverse processes in health and disease and can contribute to synaptic damage in Alzheimer's disease (AD). To identify SNO proteins in AD brains, we used triaryl phosphine (SNOTRAP) combined with mass spectrometry (MS). We detected 1449 SNO proteins with 2809 SNO sites, representing a wide range of S-nitrosylated proteins in 40 postmortem AD and non-AD human brains from patients of both sexes. Integrative protein ranking revealed the top 10 increased SNO proteins, including complement component 3 (C3), p62 (SQSTM1), and phospholipase D3. Increased levels of S-nitrosylated C3 were present in female over male AD brains. Mechanistically, we show that formation of SNO-C3 is dependent on falling β-estradiol levels, leading to increased synaptic phagocytosis and thus synapse loss and consequent cognitive decline. Collectively, we demonstrate robust alterations in the S-nitrosoproteome that contribute to AD pathogenesis in a sex-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Yang
- Departments of Biological Engineering and Chemistry, and Center for Environmental Health Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Northeast Asia Institute of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Chang-ki Oh
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Neurodegeneration New Medicines Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Haitham Amal
- Departments of Biological Engineering and Chemistry, and Center for Environmental Health Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - John S. Wishnok
- Departments of Biological Engineering and Chemistry, and Center for Environmental Health Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sarah Lewis
- Departments of Biological Engineering and Chemistry, and Center for Environmental Health Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Emily Schahrer
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Neurodegeneration New Medicines Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Dorit Trudler
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Neurodegeneration New Medicines Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Tomohiro Nakamura
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Neurodegeneration New Medicines Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Steven R. Tannenbaum
- Departments of Biological Engineering and Chemistry, and Center for Environmental Health Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Corresponding author. (S.R.T.); (S.A.L.)
| | - Stuart A. Lipton
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Neurodegeneration New Medicines Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla CA 92093, USA
- Corresponding author. (S.R.T.); (S.A.L.)
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Around-the-Clock Noise Induces AD-like Neuropathology by Disrupting Autophagy Flux Homeostasis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172742. [PMID: 36078149 PMCID: PMC9454913 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental noise is a common hazard in military operations. Military service members during long operations are often exposed to around-the-clock noise and suffer massive emotional and cognitive dysfunction related to an Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-like neuropathology. It is essential to clarify the mechanisms underlying the effects of around-the-clock noise exposure on the central nervous system. Here, Wistar rats were continuously exposed to white noise (95 dB during the on-duty phase [8:00–16:00] and 75 dB during the off-duty phase (16:00–8:00 the next day)) for 40 days. The levels of phosphorylated tau, amyloid-β (Aβ), and neuroinflammation in the cortex and hippocampus were assessed and autophagosome (AP) aggregation was observed by transmission electron microscopy. Dyshomeostasis of autophagic flux resulting from around-the-clock noise exposure was assessed at different stages to investigate the potential pathological mechanisms. Around-the-clock noise significantly increased Aβ peptide, tau phosphorylation at Ser396 and Ser404, and neuroinflammation. Moreover, the AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway was depressed in the cortex and the hippocampus of rats exposed to around-the-clock noise. Consequently, autophagosome–lysosome fusion was deterred and resulted in AP accumulation. Our results indicate that around-the-clock noise exposure has detrimental influences on autophagic flux homeostasis and may be associated with AD-like neuropathology in the cortex and the hippocampus.
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15
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Lu G, Wang Y, Shi Y, Zhang Z, Huang C, He W, Wang C, Shen HM. Autophagy in health and disease: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic target. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e150. [PMID: 35845350 PMCID: PMC9271889 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is an evolutionally conserved catabolic process in which cytosolic contents, such as aggregated proteins, dysfunctional organelle, or invading pathogens, are sequestered by the double‐membrane structure termed autophagosome and delivered to lysosome for degradation. Over the past two decades, autophagy has been extensively studied, from the molecular mechanisms, biological functions, implications in various human diseases, to development of autophagy‐related therapeutics. This review will focus on the latest development of autophagy research, covering molecular mechanisms in control of autophagosome biogenesis and autophagosome–lysosome fusion, and the upstream regulatory pathways including the AMPK and MTORC1 pathways. We will also provide a systematic discussion on the implication of autophagy in various human diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, Huntington's disease, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), metabolic diseases (obesity and diabetes), viral infection especially SARS‐Cov‐2 and COVID‐19, cardiovascular diseases (cardiac ischemia/reperfusion and cardiomyopathy), and aging. Finally, we will also summarize the development of pharmacological agents that have therapeutic potential for clinical applications via targeting the autophagy pathway. It is believed that decades of hard work on autophagy research is eventually to bring real and tangible benefits for improvement of human health and control of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Lu
- Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu China
| | - Yin Shi
- Department of Biochemistry Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu China
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu China
| | - Weifeng He
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research Southwest Hospital Army Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Chuang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology Ningbo University School of Medicine Ningbo Zhejiang China
| | - Han-Ming Shen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology University of Macau Macau China
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16
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Melatonin Ameliorates the Progression of Alzheimer’s Disease by Inducing TFEB Nuclear Translocation, Promoting Mitophagy, and Regulating NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:8099459. [PMID: 35983247 PMCID: PMC9381268 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8099459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background. The NLRP3 inflammasome is overactivated in the brains of APP/PS1 transgenic mice and AD patients, and mitophagy has an obvious negative regulatory role on NLRP3 inflammasome activation. The protective effect of melatonin in AD may be related to the regulation of mitophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome activity. TFEB plays a critical role in maintaining autophagy/mitophagy. Studies have found that TFEB plays a protective role in AD. Methods. APP/PS1 transgenic mice were given melatonin in their drinking water for 3 months. Compared with mice without melatonin treatment, the mice given melatonin showed changes in the following features: (1) cognitive function, (2) mitophagy-related proteins in the brain, (3) ROS, (4) NLRP3 inflammasome and related proteins and the concentrations of inflammatory cytokines, and (5) Aβ deposition. In in vitro experiments, effects of melatonin on mitophagy, NLRP3 inflammasome activity, and TFEB in SH-SY5Y cells with Aβ25-35 were observed. TFEB knockdown was implemented in combination with Aβ25-35 and melatonin treatment, and the expressions of TFEB, Parkin, p62, IL-1β, caspase-1, ROS, and IL-18 were explored. Results. Melatonin improved cognitive function in APP/PS1 transgenic mice and decreased ROS and senile plaques. Melatonin promoted mitophagy in SH-SY5Y cells with Aβ25-35 and APP/PS1 transgenic mice. NLRP3 inflammasome activity was inhibited, and the concentrations of IL-18 and IL-1βwere clearly reduced. Compared with C57/BL6J mice, the amount of TFEB in the brain nucleus of APP/PS1 transgenic mice was decreased. Melatonin treatment increased the nuclear translocation of TFEB in SH-SY5Y cells. TFEB knockout was implemented in combination with Aβ25-35 and MT treatment; the expressions of Parkin, p62, caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18, and ROS were accelerated. Conclusions. Melatonin promotes mitophagy by inducing TFEB nuclear translocation, downregulates NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and exerts protective effects in SH-SY5Y cells and APP/PS1 transgenic mice.
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Yang CC, Zheng CC, Luo Y, Guo KW, Gao D, Zhang L, Li L, Zhang L. Cornel Iridoid Glycoside and Its Effective Component Regulate ATPase Vps4A/JNK to Alleviate Autophagy Deficit with Autophagosome Accumulation. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2022; 50:1599-1615. [PMID: 35786171 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x22500677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Improving autophagy-lysosome fusion has been considered a key method in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cornel iridoid glycoside (CIG) is extracted from Cornus officinalis and has been shown to promote the clearance of tau oligomers via the autophagy pathway. However, the mechanisms of CIG on autophagy deficits are not understood. Here, we found autophagy deficit and tau aggregation in the brains of P301S tau transgenic mice and MAPT cells edited using CRISPR-Cas9 technology. CIG decreased tau aggregation and alleviated autophagic markers involving the JNK/Beclin-1 signaling pathway which demonstrated CIG that might enhance lysosome formation by upregulating ATPase Vps4A expression. Knocking down VPS4A increased autophagosome accumulation and attenuated the effect of CIG on p62. In addition, CIG had no effect on tau oligomers but still inhibited the level of tau monomer in VPS4A knockout cells. The effective component (Sweroside, SWE) of CIG attenuated tau oligomers accumulation and increased Vps4A level but not CHMP2B. SWE could not change the level of tau oligomers in VPS4A knockout cells. In conclusion, CIG suppressed autophagosome accumulation by regulating the ATPase Vps4A/JNK. SWE is a core of active factors of CIG in Vps4A regulation. These findings suggest CIG may be a potential drug in AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Cui Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital, Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, 45 Changchun St, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, P. R. China
| | - Ceng-Ceng Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital, Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, 45 Changchun St, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, P. R. China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital, Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, 45 Changchun St, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, P. R. China
| | - Kai-Wen Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital, Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, 45 Changchun St, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, P. R. China
| | - Dan Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital, Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, 45 Changchun St, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital, Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, 45 Changchun St, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, P. R. China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital, Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, 45 Changchun St, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, P. R. China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital, Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, 45 Changchun St, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, P. R. China
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18
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de la Cueva M, Antequera D, Ordoñez-Gutierrez L, Wandosell F, Camins A, Carro E, Bartolome F. Amyloid-β impairs mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy in Alzheimer's disease experimental models. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10092. [PMID: 35710783 PMCID: PMC9203760 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13683-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The most accepted hypothesis in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the amyloid cascade which establishes that Aβ accumulation may induce the disease development. This accumulation may occur years before the clinical symptoms but it has not been elucidated if this accumulation is the cause or the consequence of AD. It is however, clear that Aβ accumulation exerts toxic effects in the cerebral cells. It is important then to investigate all possible associated events that may help to design new therapeutic strategies to defeat or ameliorate the symptoms in AD. Alterations in the mitochondrial physiology have been found in AD but it is not still clear if they could be an early event in the disease progression associated to amyloidosis or other conditions. Using APP/PS1 mice, our results support published evidence and show imbalances in the mitochondrial dynamics in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of these mice representing very early events in the disease progression. We demonstrate in cellular models that these imbalances are consequence of Aβ accumulation that ultimately induce increased mitophagy, a mechanism which selectively removes damaged mitochondria by autophagy. Along with increased mitophagy, we also found that Aβ independently increases autophagy in APP/PS1 mice. Therefore, mitochondrial dysfunction could be an early feature in AD, associated with amyloid overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macarena de la Cueva
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12), 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Desiree Antequera
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12), 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lara Ordoñez-Gutierrez
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Wandosell
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Camins
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències (UBNeuro), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Carro
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
- Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12), 28041, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Fernando Bartolome
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
- Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12), 28041, Madrid, Spain.
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19
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Targeting Aβ and p-Tau Clearance in Methamphetamine-Induced Alzheimer’s Disease-Like Pathology: Roles of Syntaxin 17 in Autophagic Degradation in Primary Hippocampal Neurons. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3344569. [PMID: 35633882 PMCID: PMC9132709 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3344569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (Meth), a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant with strong neurotoxicity, causes progressive cognitive impairment with characterized neurodegenerative changes. However, the mechanism underlying Meth-induced pathological changes remains poorly understood. In the current study, Meth elicited a striking accumulation of the pathological proteins hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) and amyloid beta (Aβ) in primary hippocampal neurons, while the activation of autophagy dramatically ameliorated the high levels of these pathological proteins. Interestingly, after the Meth treatment, Aβ was massively deposited in autophagosomes, which were remarkably trapped in early endosomes. Mechanistically, syntaxin 17 (Stx17), a key soluble n-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein (NSF) attachment protein receptor (SNARE) protein responsible for autophagosome and mature endosome/lysosome fusion, was significantly downregulated and hindered in combination with autophagosomes. Notably, adenovirus overexpression of Stx17 in primary neurons facilitated autophagosome-mature endosome/lysosome fusion, which dramatically reversed the Meth-induced increases in the levels of p-tau, Aβ, beta-secretase (Bace-1), and C-terminal fragments (CTFs). Immunofluorescence assays showed that Stx17 retarded the Meth-induced Aβ, p-tau, and Bace-1 accumulation in autophagosomes and facilitated the translocation of these pathological proteins to lysosomes, which indicated the importance of Stx17 via enhanced autophagosome-mature endosome/lysosome fusion. Therefore, the current study reveals a novel mechanism involving Meth-induced high levels of pathological proteins in neurons. Targeting Stx17 may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for Meth-induced neurodegenerative changes.
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20
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Rahman MA, Rahman MDH, Mamun-Or-Rashid ANM, Hwang H, Chung S, Kim B, Rhim H. Autophagy Modulation in Aggresome Formation: Emerging Implications and Treatments of Alzheimer's Disease. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1027. [PMID: 35625764 PMCID: PMC9138936 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most prevailing neurodegenerative diseases in the world, which is characterized by memory dysfunction and the formation of tau and amyloid β (Aβ) aggregates in multiple brain regions, including the hippocampus and cortex. The formation of senile plaques involving tau hyperphosphorylation, fibrillar Aβ, and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) is used as a pathological marker of AD and eventually produces aggregation or misfolded protein. Importantly, it has been found that the failure to degrade these aggregate-prone proteins leads to pathological consequences, such as synaptic impairment, cytotoxicity, neuronal atrophy, and memory deficits associated with AD. Recently, increasing evidence has suggested that the autophagy pathway plays a role as a central cellular protection system to prevent the toxicity induced by aggregation or misfolded proteins. Moreover, it has also been revealed that AD-related protein aggresomes could be selectively degraded by autophagosome and lysosomal fusion through the autophagy pathway, which is known as aggrephagy. Therefore, the regulation of autophagy serve as a useful approach to modulate the formation of aggresomes associated with AD. This review focuses on the recent improvements in the application of natural compounds and small molecules as a potential therapeutic approach for AD prevention and treatment via aggrephagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ataur Rahman
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1-5, Hoegidong, Dongdaemungu, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Global Biotechnology & Biomedical Research Network (GBBRN), Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - M D Hasanur Rahman
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - A N M Mamun-Or-Rashid
- Anti-Aging Medical Research Center and Glycation Stress Research Center, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hongik Hwang
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Sooyoung Chung
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1-5, Hoegidong, Dongdaemungu, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Hyewhon Rhim
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Korea
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21
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Yang J, Zhang W, Zhang S, Iyaswamy A, Sun J, Wang J, Yang C. Novel Insight into Functions of Transcription Factor EB (TFEB) in Alzheimer’s Disease and Parkinson’s Disease. Aging Dis 2022; 14:652-669. [PMID: 37191408 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A key pathological feature of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) is the accumulation of aggregated and misfolded protein aggregates with limited effective therapeutic agents. TFEB (transcription factor EB), a key regulator of lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy, plays a pivotal role in the degradation of protein aggregates and has thus been regarded as a promising therapeutic target for these NDs. Here, we systematically summarize the molecular mechanisms and function of TFEB regulation. We then discuss the roles of TFEB and autophagy-lysosome pathways in major neurodegenerative diseases including AD and PD. Finally, we illustrate small molecule TFEB activators with protective roles in NDs animal models, which show great potential for being further developed into novel anti-neurodegenerative agents. Overall, targeting TFEB for enhancing lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy may represent a promising opportunity for the discovery of disease-modifying therapeutics for neurodegenerative disorders though more in-depth basic and clinical studies are required in the future.
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22
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Lu J, Gu L, Li Q, Wu N, Li H, Zhang X. Andrographolide emeliorates maltol aluminium-induced neurotoxicity via regulating p62-mediated Keap1-Nrf2 pathways in PC12 cells. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2021; 59:232-241. [PMID: 33632062 PMCID: PMC7919883 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1883678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Andrographolide (Andro) has a neuroprotective effect and a potential for treating Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the mechanism has not been elucidated. OBJECTIVE The efficacy of Andro on p62-mediated Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1(Keap1)-Nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathways in the aluminium maltolate (Al(mal)3)-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cell was explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS PC12 cells were induced by Al(mal)3 (700 μM) to establish a neurotoxicity model. Following Andro (1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40 μM) co-treatment with Al(Mal)3, cell viability was detected with MTT, protein expression levels of β-amyloid precursor protein (APP), β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), Tau, Nrf2, Keap1, p62 and LC3 were measured via western blotting or immunofluorescence analyses. Nrf2, Keap1, p62 and LC3 mRNA, were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. RESULTS Compared with the 700 μM Al(mal)3 group, Andro (5, 10 μM) significantly increased Al(mal)3-induced cell viability from 67.4% to 91.9% and 91.2%, respectively, and decreased the expression of APP, BACE1 and Keap1 proteins and the ratio of P-Tau to Tau (from 2.75- fold to 1.94- and 1.70-fold, 2.12-fold to 1.77- and 1.56-fold, 0.68-fold to 0.51- and 0.55-fold, 1.45-fold to 0.82- and 0.91-fold, respectively), increased the protein expression of Nrf2, p62 and the ratio of LC3-II/LC3-I (from 0.67-fold to 0.93- and 0.94-fold, 0.64-fold to 0.88- and 0.87-fold, 0.51-fold to 0.63- and 0.79-fold, respectively), as well as the mRNA expression of Nrf2, p62 and LC3 (from 0.48-fold to 0.92-fold, 0.49-fold to 0.92-fold, 0.25-fold to 0.38-fold). Furthermore, Nrf2 and p62 nuclear translocation were increased and keap1 in the cytoplasm was decreased in the presence of Andro. Silencing p62 or Nrf2 can significantly reduce the protein and mRNA expression of Nrf2 and p62 under co-treatment with Andro and Al(mal)3. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that Andro could be a promising therapeutic lead against Al-induced neurotoxicity by regulating p62-mediated keap1-Nrf2 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Lu
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou medical college, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Lili Gu
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou medical college, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qin Li
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou medical college, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ningzi Wu
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou medical college, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hongxing Li
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou medical college, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou medical college, Hangzhou, P.R. China
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23
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Macroautophagy and Mitophagy in Neurodegenerative Disorders: Focus on Therapeutic Interventions. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111625. [PMID: 34829854 PMCID: PMC8615936 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy, a quality control mechanism, is an evolutionarily conserved pathway of lysosomal degradation of protein aggregates, pathogens, and damaged organelles. As part of its vital homeostatic role, macroautophagy deregulation is associated with various human disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases. There are several lines of evidence that associate protein misfolding and mitochondrial dysfunction in the etiology of Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s diseases. Macroautophagy has been implicated in the degradation of different protein aggregates such as Aβ, tau, alpha-synuclein (α-syn), and mutant huntingtin (mHtt) and in the clearance of dysfunctional mitochondria. Taking these into consideration, targeting autophagy might represent an effective therapeutic strategy to eliminate protein aggregates and to improve mitochondrial function in these disorders. The present review describes our current understanding on the role of macroautophagy in neurodegenerative disorders and focuses on possible strategies for its therapeutic modulation.
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24
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Natural Products in Therapeutic Management of Multineurodegenerative Disorders by Targeting Autophagy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6347792. [PMID: 34557265 PMCID: PMC8455192 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6347792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is an essential cellular process that involves the transport of cytoplasmic content in double-membraned vesicles to lysosomes for degradation. Neurons do not undergo cytokinesis, and thus, the cell division process cannot reduce levels of unnecessary proteins. The primary cause of neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) is the abnormal deposition of proteins inside neuronal cells, and this could be averted by autophagic degradation. Thus, autophagy is an important consideration when considering means of developing treatments for NDs. Various pharmacological studies have reported that the active components in herbal medicines exhibit therapeutic benefits in NDs, for example, by inhibiting cholinesterase activity and modulating amyloid beta levels, and α-synuclein metabolism. A variety of bioactive constituents from medicinal plants are viewed as promising autophagy controllers and are revealed to recover the NDs by targeting the autophagic pathway. In the present review, we discuss the role of autophagy in the therapeutic management of several NDs. The molecular process responsible for autophagy and its importance in various NDs and the beneficial effects of medicinal plants in NDs by targeting autophagy are also discussed.
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25
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Huang S, Xue S, Zhang Q, Chen J, Zhu W, Chang Q. Autophagy Induced by Trehalose Alleviates Apoptosis of Human Aortic Endothelial Cells After Cryopreservation. Biopreserv Biobank 2021; 20:384-391. [PMID: 34468197 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2021.0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryoprotectants are crucial factors in cell cryopreservation. Trehalose (Tre), a nontoxic, nonreducing, and natural disaccharide, has the potential to protect cells as a cryoprotectant. As an inducer of autophagy, Tre can influence the development of many diseases and may also have an effect on cell cryopreservation through this mechanism. In this study, human aortic endothelial cells were preserved in different cryopreservation fluids with or without dimethyl sulfoxide and Tre was added. Subsequently, the expression of the main autophagy-related genes LC3, BECN, and P62, cell death and apoptosis, and the proliferation rate were measured in different groups after cryopreservation. Our data showed that Tre can improve the expression of the autophagy-related genes LC3 and BECN and reduce the expression of P62. Dead/alive staining and flow cytometry showed that cell death and cell apoptosis were reduced during cryopreservation with Tre. In addition, the cell proliferation rate after thawing was increased in the Tre group when compared with others. These results all indicated that there might be a connection between Tre-triggered autophagy and the protective role of Tre in cell cryopreservation. Furthermore, strategies to regulate autophagy to reduce apoptosis in this process should be investigated in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyang Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Sheng Xue
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Junyu Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenjie Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qing Chang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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26
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Azam S, Haque ME, Balakrishnan R, Kim IS, Choi DK. The Ageing Brain: Molecular and Cellular Basis of Neurodegeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:683459. [PMID: 34485280 PMCID: PMC8414981 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.683459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing is an inevitable event in the lifecycle of all organisms, characterized by progressive physiological deterioration and increased vulnerability to death. Ageing has also been described as the primary risk factor of most neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and frontotemporal lobar dementia (FTD). These neurodegenerative diseases occur more prevalently in the aged populations. Few effective treatments have been identified to treat these epidemic neurological crises. Neurodegenerative diseases are associated with enormous socioeconomic and personal costs. Here, the pathogenesis of AD, PD, and other neurodegenerative diseases has been presented, including a summary of their known associations with the biological hallmarks of ageing: genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, deregulated nutrient sensing, stem cell exhaustion, and altered intercellular communications. Understanding the central biological mechanisms that underlie ageing is important for identifying novel therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases. Potential therapeutic strategies, including the use of NAD+ precursors, mitophagy inducers, and inhibitors of cellular senescence, has also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shofiul Azam
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju-si, South Korea
| | - Md. Ezazul Haque
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju-si, South Korea
| | - Rengasamy Balakrishnan
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju-si, South Korea
| | - In-Su Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Disease (RID), Konkuk University, Chungju-si, South Korea
| | - Dong-Kug Choi
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju-si, South Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Disease (RID), Konkuk University, Chungju-si, South Korea
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27
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Tegeder I, Kögel D. When lipid homeostasis runs havoc: Lipotoxicity links lysosomal dysfunction to autophagy. Matrix Biol 2021; 100-101:99-117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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28
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Thioredoxin-80 protects against amyloid-beta pathology through autophagic-lysosomal pathway regulation. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:1410-1423. [PMID: 31520067 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0521-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aggregation and accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) are believed to play a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We previously reported that Thioredoxin-80 (Trx80), a truncated form of Thioredoxin-1, prevents the toxic effects of Aβ and inhibits its aggregation in vitro. Trx80 levels were found to be dramatically reduced both in the human brain and cerebrospinal fluid of AD patients. In this study, we investigated the effect of Trx80 expression using in vivo and in vitro models of Aβ pathology. We developed Drosophila melanogaster models overexpressing either human Trx80, human Aβ42, or both Aβ42/Trx80 in the central nervous system. We found that Trx80 expression prevents Aβ42 accumulation in the brain and rescues the reduction in life span and locomotor impairments seen in Aβ42 expressing flies. Also, we show that Trx80 induces autophagosome formation and reverses the inhibition of Atg4b-Atg8a/b autophagosome formation pathway caused by Aβ42. These effects were also confirmed in human neuroblastoma cells. These results give insight into Trx80 function in vivo, suggesting its role in the autophagosome biogenesis and thus in Aβ42 degradation. Our findings put Trx80 on the spotlight as an endogenous agent against Aβ42-induced toxicity in the brain suggesting that strategies to enhance Trx80 levels in neurons could potentially be beneficial against AD pathology in humans.
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29
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Chen TT, Zhou X, Xu YN, Li Y, Wu XY, Xiang Q, Fu LY, Hu XX, Tao L, Shen XC. Gastrodin ameliorates learning and memory impairment in rats with vascular dementia by promoting autophagy flux via inhibition of the Ca 2+/CaMKII signal pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:9542-9565. [PMID: 33714957 PMCID: PMC8064221 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Vascular dementia (VD) is a common disease that occurs during human aging. Gastrodin (GAS) has potential benefits for the prevention and treatment of VD. In the present study, we investigated the effects of GAS on cognitive dysfunction in rats with VD induced by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) and explored the underlying mechanism. Immunohistochemical and western blot analyses revealed that GAS attenuated hippocampal levels of LC3 (microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3), p62, and phosphorylated CaMKII (Ca2+-calmodulin stimulated protein kinase II) in VD rats. Additionally, our results revealed that cobalt chloride blocked autophagic flux in HT22 cells, which was confirmed by increased levels of LC3 and p62 when combined with chloroquine. Notably, GAS ameliorated the impaired autophagic flux. Furthermore, we confirmed that GAS combined with KN93 (a CaMKII inhibitor) or CaMKII knockdown did not impact the reduced p62 levels when compared with GAS treatment alone. Furthermore, a co-immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that endogenous p62 bound to CaMKII, as confirmed by mass spectrometric analysis after the immunoprecipitation of p62 from HT22 cells. These findings revealed that GAS attenuated autophagic flux dysfunction by inhibiting the Ca2+/CaMKII signaling pathway to ameliorate cognitive impairment in VD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Chen
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province and The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China.,Guiyang Maternal and Child Health-Care Hospital, Guiyang 550000, P.R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources and The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City, Guizhou Medical University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China
| | - Xue Zhou
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province and The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Ni Xu
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province and The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China
| | - Yue Li
- Guiyang Maternal and Child Health-Care Hospital, Guiyang 550000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ying Wu
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province and The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources and The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City, Guizhou Medical University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China
| | - Quan Xiang
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province and The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Yun Fu
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province and The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Xia Hu
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province and The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China
| | - Ling Tao
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province and The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-Chun Shen
- The High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province and The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources and The Union Key Laboratory of Guiyang City, Guizhou Medical University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China
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30
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Fenofibrate Ameliorates Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice: Involvements of Apoptosis, Autophagy, and PPAR- α Activation. PPAR Res 2021; 2021:6658944. [PMID: 33603777 PMCID: PMC7870311 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6658944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia and reperfusion injury is characterized by hepatocyte apoptosis, impaired autophagy, and oxidative stress. Fenofibrate, a commonly used antilipidemic drug, has been verified to exert hepatic protective effects in other cells and animal models. The purpose of this study was to identify the function of fenofibrate on mouse hepatic IR injury and discuss the possible mechanisms. A segmental (70%) hepatic warm ischemia model was established in Balb/c mice. Serum and liver tissue samples were collected for detecting pathological changes at 2, 8, and 24 h after reperfusion, while fenofibrate (50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally 1 hour prior to surgery. Compared to the IR group, pretreatment of FF could reduce the inflammatory response and inhibit apoptosis and autophagy. Furthermore, fenofibrate can activate PPAR-α, which is associated with the phosphorylation of AMPK.
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de Wet S, Du Toit A, Loos B. Spermidine and Rapamycin Reveal Distinct Autophagy Flux Response and Cargo Receptor Clearance Profile. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010095. [PMID: 33430464 PMCID: PMC7827520 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy flux is the rate at which cytoplasmic components are degraded through the entire autophagy pathway and is often measured by monitoring the clearance rate of autophagosomes. The specific means by which autophagy targets specific cargo has recently gained major attention due to the role of autophagy in human pathologies, where specific proteinaceous cargo is insufficiently recruited to the autophagosome compartment, albeit functional autophagy activity. In this context, the dynamic interplay between receptor proteins such as p62/Sequestosome-1 and neighbour of BRCA1 gene 1 (NBR1) has gained attention. However, the extent of receptor protein recruitment and subsequent clearance alongside autophagosomes under different autophagy activities remains unclear. Here, we dissect the concentration-dependent and temporal impact of rapamycin and spermidine exposure on receptor recruitment, clearance and autophagosome turnover over time, employing micropatterning. Our results reveal a distinct autophagy activity response profile, where the extent of autophagosome and receptor co-localisation does not involve the total pool of either entities and does not operate in similar fashion. These results suggest that autophagosome turnover and specific cargo clearance are distinct entities with inherent properties, distinctively contributing towards total functional autophagy activity. These findings are of significance for future studies where disease specific protein aggregates require clearance to preserve cellular proteostasis and viability and highlight the need of discerning and better tuning autophagy machinery activity and cargo clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ben Loos
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-21-808-9196; Fax: +27-21-808-3145
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Retraction Note: p62 improves AD-like pathology by increasing autophagy. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:3664. [PMID: 32782379 PMCID: PMC7876154 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0854-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The Editor-in-Chief and publisher have retracted this article.
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Zhang W, Feng C, Jiang H. Novel target for treating Alzheimer's Diseases: Crosstalk between the Nrf2 pathway and autophagy. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 65:101207. [PMID: 33144123 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In mammals, the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway (henceforth, "the Nrf2 pathway") and autophagy are major intracellular defence systems that combat oxidative damage and maintain homeostasis. p62/SQSTM1, a ubiquitin-binding autophagy receptor protein, links the Nrf2 pathway and autophagy. Phosphorylation of p62 dramatically enhances its affinity for Keap1, which induces Keap1 to release Nrf2, and the p62-Keap1 heterodimer recruits LC3 and mediates the permanent degradation of Keap1 in the selective autophagy pathway. Eventually, Nrf2 accumulates in the cytoplasm and then translocates into the nucleus to activate the transcription of downstream genes that encode antioxidant enzymes, which protect cells from oxidative damage. Since Nrf2 also upregulates the expression of the p62 gene, a p62-Keap1-Nrf2 positive feedback loop is created that further enhances the protective effect on cells. Studies have shown that the p62-activated noncanonical Nrf2 pathway is an important marker of neurodegenerative diseases. The p62-Keap1-Nrf2 positive feedback loop and the Nrf2 pathway are involved in eliminating the ROS and protein aggregates induced by AD. Therefore, maintaining the homeostasis of the p62-Keap1-Nrf2 positive feedback loop, which is a bridge between the Nrf2 pathway and autophagy, may be a potential target for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Feng
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, People's Republic of China.
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Modulatory Effects of Autophagy on APP Processing as a Potential Treatment Target for Alzheimer's Disease. Biomedicines 2020; 9:biomedicines9010005. [PMID: 33374126 PMCID: PMC7824196 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by the formation of intracellular aggregate composed of heavily phosphorylated tau protein and extracellular deposit of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques derived from proteolysis cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP). Autophagy refers to the lysosomal-mediated degradation of cytoplasmic constituents, which plays a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Importantly, recent studies reported that dysregulation of autophagy is associated in the pathogenesis of AD, and therefore, autophagy modulation has gained attention as a promising approach to treat AD pathogenesis. In AD, both the maturation of autolysosomes and its retrograde transports have been obstructed, which causes the accumulation of autophagic vacuoles and eventually leads to degenerating and dystrophic neurites function. However, the mechanism of autophagy modulation in APP processing and its pathogenesis have not yet been fully elucidated in AD. In the early stage of AD, APP processing and Aβ accumulation-mediated autophagy facilitate the removal of toxic protein aggregates via mTOR-dependent and -independent pathways. In addition, a number of autophagy-related genes (Atg) and APP are thought to influence the development of AD, providing a bidirectional link between autophagy and AD pathology. In this review, we summarized the current observations related to autophagy regulation and APP processing in AD, focusing on their modulation associated with the AD progression. Moreover, we emphasizes the application of small molecules and natural compounds to modulate autophagy for the removal and clearance of APP and Aβ deposits in the pathological condition of AD.
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Carandini T, Sacchi L, Ghezzi L, Pietroboni AM, Fenoglio C, Arighi A, Fumagalli GG, De Riz MA, Serpente M, Rotondo E, Scarpini E, Galimberti D. Detection of the SQSTM1 Mutation in a Patient with Early-Onset Hippocampal Amnestic Syndrome. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 79:477-481. [PMID: 33325387 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Genetics has a major role in early-onset dementia, but the correspondence between genotype and phenotype is largely tentative. We describe a 54-year-old with familial early-onset slowly-progressive episodic memory impairment with the P392L-variant in SQSTM1. The patient showed cortical atrophy and hypometabolism in the temporal lobes, but no amyloidosis biomarkers. As symptoms/neuroimaging were suggestive for Alzheimer's disease-but biomarkers were not-and considering the family-history, genetic analysis was performed, revealing the P392L-variant in SQSTM1, which encodes for sequestosome-1/p62. Increasing evidence suggests a p62 involvement in neurodegeneration and SQSTM1 mutations have been found to cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia. Our report suggests that the clinical spectrum of SQSTM1 variants is wider.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Carandini
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Sacchi
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,University of Milan, Dino Ferrari Center, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Ghezzi
- University of Milan, Dino Ferrari Center, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anna M Pietroboni
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Fenoglio
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,University of Milan, Dino Ferrari Center, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Arighi
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Milena A De Riz
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Serpente
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,University of Milan, Dino Ferrari Center, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Rotondo
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Elio Scarpini
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,University of Milan, Dino Ferrari Center, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Galimberti
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,University of Milan, Dino Ferrari Center, Milan, Italy
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Implications of Oligomeric Amyloid-Beta (oAβ 42) Signaling through α7β2-Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors (nAChRs) on Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Neuronal Intrinsic Excitability and Cognitive Decline. J Neurosci 2020; 41:555-575. [PMID: 33239400 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0876-20.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal and network-level hyperexcitability is commonly associated with increased levels of amyloid-β (Aβ) and contribute to cognitive deficits associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanistic complexity underlying the selective loss of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs), a well-recognized characteristic of AD, remains poorly understood. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the oligomeric form of amyloid-β (oAβ42), interacting with α7-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subtypes, leads to subnucleus-specific alterations in BFCN excitability and impaired cognition. We used single-channel electrophysiology to show that oAβ42 activates both homomeric α7- and heteromeric α7β2-nAChR subtypes while preferentially enhancing α7β2-nAChR open-dwell times. Organotypic slice cultures were prepared from male and female ChAT-EGFP mice, and current-clamp recordings obtained from BFCNs chronically exposed to pathophysiologically relevant level of oAβ42 showed enhanced neuronal intrinsic excitability and action potential firing rates. These resulted from a reduction in action potential afterhyperpolarization and alterations in the maximal rates of voltage change during spike depolarization and repolarization. These effects were observed in BFCNs from the medial septum diagonal band and horizontal diagonal band, but not the nucleus basalis. Last, aged male and female APP/PS1 transgenic mice, genetically null for the β2 nAChR subunit gene, showed improved spatial reference memory compared with APP/PS1 aged-matched littermates. Combined, these data provide a molecular mechanism supporting a role for α7β2-nAChR in mediating the effects of oAβ42 on excitability of specific populations of cholinergic neurons and provide a framework for understanding the role of α7β2-nAChR in oAβ42-induced cognitive decline.
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Gureev AP, Sadovnikova IS, Starkova NN, Starkov AA, Popov VN. p62-Nrf2-p62 Mitophagy Regulatory Loop as a Target for Preventive Therapy of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10110847. [PMID: 33198234 PMCID: PMC7696015 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10110847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Turnover of the mitochondrial pool due to coordinated processes of mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy is an important process in maintaining mitochondrial stability. An important role in this process is played by the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway, which is involved in the regulation of the expression of genes responsible for oxidative stress protection, regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis, and mitophagy. The p62 protein is a multifunctional cytoplasmic protein that functions as a selective mitophagy receptor for the degradation of ubiquitinated substrates. There is evidence that p62 can positively regulate Nrf2 by binding to its negative regulator, Keap1. However, there is also strong evidence that Nrf2 up-regulates p62 expression. Thereby, a regulatory loop is formed between two important signaling pathways, which may be an important target for drugs aimed at treating neurodegeneration. Constitutive activation of p62 in parallel with Nrf2 would most likely result in the activation of mTORC1-mediated signaling pathways that are associated with the development of malignant neoplasms. The purpose of this review is to describe the p62-Nrf2-p62 regulatory loop and to evaluate its role in the regulation of mitophagy under various physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem P. Gureev
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (I.S.S.); (V.N.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Irina S. Sadovnikova
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (I.S.S.); (V.N.P.)
| | | | - Anatoly A. Starkov
- Neuroscience Department, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Vasily N. Popov
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (I.S.S.); (V.N.P.)
- Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394018 Voronezh, Russia
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Iyaswamy A, Krishnamoorthi SK, Liu YW, Song JX, Kammala AK, Sreenivasmurthy SG, Malampati S, Tong BCK, Selvarasu K, Cheung KH, Lu JH, Tan JQ, Huang CY, Durairajan SSK, Li M. Yuan-Hu Zhi Tong Prescription Mitigates Tau Pathology and Alleviates Memory Deficiency in the Preclinical Models of Alzheimer's Disease. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:584770. [PMID: 33192524 PMCID: PMC7663173 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.584770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by memory dysfunction, Aβ plaques together with phosphorylated tau-associated neurofibrillary tangles. Unfortunately, the present existing drugs for AD only offer mild symptomatic cure and have more side effects. As such, developments of effective, nontoxic drugs are immediately required for AD therapy. Present study demonstrates a novel role of Chinese medicine prescription Yuan-Hu Zhi Tong (YZT) in treating AD, and it has substantiated the in vivo effectiveness of YZT in two different transgenic mice models of AD, namely P301S tau and 3XTg-AD mice. Oral treatment of YZT significantly ameliorates motor dysfunction as well as promotes the clearance of aggregated tau in P301S tau mice. YZT improves the cognitive function and reduces the insoluble tau aggregates in 3XTg-AD mice model. Furthermore, YZT decreases the insoluble AT8 positive neuron load in both P301S tau and 3XTg-AD mice. Using microarray and the "Connectivity Map" analysis, we determined the YZT-induced changes in expression of signaling molecules and revealed the potential mechanism of action of YZT. YZT might regulate ubiquitin proteasomal system for the degradation of tau aggregates. The research results show that YZT is a potential drug candidate for the therapy of tau pathogenesis and memory decline in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Iyaswamy
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - S K Krishnamoorthi
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Y W Liu
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - J X Song
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Medical College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - A K Kammala
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - S G Sreenivasmurthy
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - S Malampati
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - B C K Tong
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - K Selvarasu
- Division of Mycobiology and Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Tiruvarur, India
| | - K H Cheung
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J H Lu
- State Key Lab of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - J Q Tan
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - C Y Huang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - S S K Durairajan
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Division of Mycobiology and Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Tiruvarur, India
| | - M Li
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Xu W, Ocak U, Gao L, Tu S, Lenahan CJ, Zhang J, Shao A. Selective autophagy as a therapeutic target for neurological diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 78:1369-1392. [PMID: 33067655 PMCID: PMC7904548 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03667-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The neurological diseases primarily include acute injuries, chronic neurodegeneration, and others (e.g., infectious diseases of the central nervous system). Autophagy is a housekeeping process responsible for the bulk degradation of misfolded protein aggregates and damaged organelles through the lysosomal machinery. Recent studies have suggested that autophagy, particularly selective autophagy, such as mitophagy, pexophagy, ER-phagy, ribophagy, lipophagy, etc., is closely implicated in neurological diseases. These forms of selective autophagy are controlled by a group of important proteins, including PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), Parkin, p62, optineurin (OPTN), neighbor of BRCA1 gene 1 (NBR1), and nuclear fragile X mental retardation-interacting protein 1 (NUFIP1). This review highlights the characteristics and underlying mechanisms of different types of selective autophagy, and their implications in various forms of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Umut Ocak
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, 16310, Bursa, Turkey.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Bursa City Hospital, 16110, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Liansheng Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Tu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. .,Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Chang YF, Zhang D, Hu WM, Liu DX, Li L. Semaglutide-mediated protection against Aβ correlated with enhancement of autophagy and inhibition of apotosis. J Clin Neurosci 2020; 81:234-239. [PMID: 33222922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2020.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue with an extended half-life of approximately 1 week has being come into clinic trial to treat parkingson's disease but little is known about its effect to prevent against Alzheimer's disease (AD). The goal of the present study was to explore the potential mechanisms of semaglutide to protect against AD. METHODS We treated SH-SY5Y cell line with Aβ25-35 as an AD model. Further, SH-SY5Y cells damaged by Aβ25-35 were treated by semaglutide. Autophagy-related proteins and apoptosis-related proteins were measured to explore molecular mechanisms for semaglutide to protect against Aβ25-35. RESULTS Semaglutide enhanced autophagy by increasing the expression of LC3II, Atg7, Beclin-1 and P62 which were inhibited by Aβ25-35. Further we showed that semaglutide inhibited apoptosis by inhibiting the expression of Bax induced by Aβ25-35 and increasing the expression of Bcl2 inhibited by Aβ25-35. CONCLUSION Our results provide a clue for the hypothesis that autophagy enhancement and apoptosis inhibition may be involved in the effect of semaglutide to protect against Aβ 25-35.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Fang Chang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Chemistry Department, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Wei-Min Hu
- Neurology Department, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Dong-Xing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China; Neurology Department, Shanxi Cardiovascular Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
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Broderick TL, Rasool S, Li R, Zhang Y, Anderson M, Al-Nakkash L, Plochocki JH, Geetha T, Babu JR. Neuroprotective Effects of Chronic Resveratrol Treatment and Exercise Training in the 3xTg-AD Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197337. [PMID: 33020412 PMCID: PMC7582460 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, there is no cure or effective treatment for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a chronic neurodegenerative condition that affects memory, language, and behavior. AD is characterized by neuroinflammation, accumulation of brain amyloid-beta (Aβ) oligomers and neurofibrillary tangles, increased neuronal apoptosis, and loss of synaptic function. Promoting regular exercise and a diet containing polyphenols are effective non-pharmacological approaches that prevent the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we measured various conformational toxic species of Aβ and markers of inflammation, apoptosis, endolysosomal degradation, and neuroprotection after 5 months of exercise training (ET), resveratrol (Resv) treatment, or combination treatment in the 3xTg-AD mouse model of AD. Our main results indicate that Resv decreased neuroinflammation and accumulation of Aβ oligomers, increased levels of neurotrophins, synaptic markers, silent information regulator, and decreased markers of apoptosis, autophagy, endolysosomal degradation and ubiquitination in the brains of 3xTg-AD mice. ET improved some markers related to neuroprotection, but when combined with Resv treatment, the benefits achieved were as effective as Resv treatment alone. Our results show that the neuroprotective effects of Resv, ET or Resv and ET are associated with reduced toxicity of Aβ oligomers, suppression of neuronal autophagy, decreased apoptosis, and upregulation of key growth-related proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom L. Broderick
- Department of Physiology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ 85308, USA;
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Exercise Metabolism, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ 85308, USA;
- Correspondence: (T.L.B.); (J.R.B.)
| | - Suhail Rasool
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (S.R.); (R.L.); (Y.Z.); (T.G.)
| | - Rongzi Li
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (S.R.); (R.L.); (Y.Z.); (T.G.)
| | - Yuxian Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (S.R.); (R.L.); (Y.Z.); (T.G.)
| | - Miranda Anderson
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Exercise Metabolism, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ 85308, USA;
| | - Layla Al-Nakkash
- Department of Physiology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ 85308, USA;
| | - Jeffrey H. Plochocki
- Department of Medical Education, University of Central Florida, College of Medicine, 6850 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, FL 32827, USA;
| | - Thangiah Geetha
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (S.R.); (R.L.); (Y.Z.); (T.G.)
| | - Jeganathan Ramesh Babu
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (S.R.); (R.L.); (Y.Z.); (T.G.)
- Correspondence: (T.L.B.); (J.R.B.)
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Maternal choline supplementation ameliorates Alzheimer's disease pathology by reducing brain homocysteine levels across multiple generations. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:2620-2629. [PMID: 30622336 PMCID: PMC6697226 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-018-0322-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The lack of effective treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) is alarming, considering the number of people currently affected by this disorder and the projected increase over the next few decades. Elevated homocysteine (Hcy) levels double the risk of developing AD. Choline, a primary dietary source of methyl groups, converts Hcy to methionine and reduces age-dependent cognitive decline. Here, we tested the transgenerational benefits of maternal choline supplementation (ChS; 5.0 g/kg choline chloride) in two generations (Gen) of APP/PS1 mice. We first exposed 2.5-month-old mice to the ChS diet and allowed them to breed with each other to generate Gen-1 mice. Gen-1 mice were exposed to the ChS diet only during gestation and lactation; once weaned at postnatal day 21, Gen-1 mice were then kept on the control diet for the remainder of their life. We also bred a subset of Gen-1 mice to each other and obtained Gen-2 mice; these mice were never exposed to ChS. We found that ChS reduced Aβ load and microglia activation, and improved cognitive deficits in old Gen-1 and Gen-2 APP/PS1 mice. Mechanistically, these changes were linked to a reduction in brain Hcy levels in both generations. Further, RNA-Seq data from APP/PS1 hippocampal tissue revealed that ChS significantly changed the expression of 27 genes. These genes were enriched for inflammation, histone modifications, and neuronal death functional classes. Our results are the first to demonstrate a transgenerational benefit of ChS and suggest that modifying the maternal diet with additional choline reduces AD pathology across multiple generations.
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Song JY, Fan B, Che L, Pan YR, Zhang SM, Wang Y, Bunik V, Li GY. Suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress-related autophagy attenuates retinal light injury. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:16579-16596. [PMID: 32858529 PMCID: PMC7485697 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Excessive light exposure is a principal environmental factor, which can cause damage to photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells and may accelerate the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In this study, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy caused by light exposure were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Light exposure caused severe photo-oxidative stress and ER stress in photoreceptors (661W cells) and RPE cells (ARPE-19 cells). Suppressing either oxidative stress or ER stress was protective against light damage in 661W and ARPE-19 cells and N-acetyl-L-cysteine treatment markedly inhibited the activation of ER stress caused by light exposure. Moreover, suppressing autophagy with 3-methyladenine significantly attenuated light-induced cell death. Additionally, inhibiting ER stress either by knocking down PERK signals or with GSK2606414 treatment remarkably suppressed prolonged autophagy and protected the cells against light injury. In vivo experiments verified neuroprotection via inhibiting ER stress-related autophagy in light-damaged retinas of mice. In conclusion, the above results suggest that light-induced photo-oxidative stress may trigger subsequent activation of ER stress and prolonged autophagy in photoreceptors and RPE cells. Suppressing ER stress may abrogate over-activated autophagy and protect the retina against light injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yao Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bin Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Che
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yi-Ran Pan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Si-Ming Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Hemooncolog, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Victoria Bunik
- A.N.Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Guang-Yu Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Cecarini V, Bonfili L, Gogoi O, Lawrence S, Venanzi FM, Azevedo V, Mancha-Agresti P, Drumond MM, Rossi G, Berardi S, Galosi L, Cuccioloni M, Angeletti M, Suchodolski JS, Pilla R, Lidbury JA, Eleuteri AM. Neuroprotective effects of p62(SQSTM1)-engineered lactic acid bacteria in Alzheimer's disease: a pre-clinical study. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:15995-16020. [PMID: 32855357 PMCID: PMC7485699 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegeneration characterized by neuron death ending in memory and cognitive decline. A major concern in AD research is the identification of new therapeutics that could prevent or delay the onset of the disorder, with current treatments being effective only in reducing symptoms. In this perspective, the use of engineered probiotics as therapeutic tools for the delivery of molecules to eukaryotic cells is finding application in several disorders. This work introduces a new strategy for AD treatment based on the use of a Lactobacilluslactis strain carrying one plasmid (pExu) that contains a eukaryotic expression cassette encoding the human p62 protein. 3xTg-AD mice orally administered with these bacteria for two months showed an increased expression of endogenous p62 in the brain, with a protein delivery mechanism involving both lymphatic vessels and neural terminations, and positive effects on the major AD hallmarks. Mice showed ameliorated memory, modulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy, reduced levels of amyloid peptides, and diminished neuronal oxidative and inflammatory processes. Globally, we demonstrate that these extremely safe, non-pathogenic and non-invasive bacteria used as delivery vehicles for the p62 protein represent an innovative and realistic therapeutic approach in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Cecarini
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, Camerino, Italy
| | - Laura Bonfili
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, Camerino, Italy
| | - Olee Gogoi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, Camerino, Italy
| | - Solomon Lawrence
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, Camerino, Italy
| | | | - Vasco Azevedo
- Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Pamela Mancha-Agresti
- Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- FAMINAS- BH, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariana Martins Drumond
- Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- FAMINAS- BH, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais (CEFET/MG), Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Giacomo Rossi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, Camerino, Italy
| | - Sara Berardi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, Camerino, Italy
| | - Livio Galosi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, Camerino, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Cuccioloni
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, Camerino, Italy
| | - Mauro Angeletti
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, Camerino, Italy
| | - Jan S. Suchodolski
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Rachel Pilla
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Jonathan A. Lidbury
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Anna Maria Eleuteri
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, Camerino, Italy
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45
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Xu CJ, Wang JL, Jing-Pan, Min-Liao. Tph2 Genetic Ablation Contributes to Senile Plaque Load and Astrogliosis in APP/PS1 Mice. Curr Alzheimer Res 2020; 16:219-232. [PMID: 30827242 DOI: 10.2174/1567205016666190301110110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) lesions. Deficiency of Serotonin signaling recently has been linked to the increased Aβ level in transgenic mice and humans. In addition, tryptophan hydroxylase-2 (Tph2), a second tryptophan hydroxylase isoform, controls brain serotonin synthesis. However, it remains to be determined that whether Tph2 deficient APP/PS1mice affect the formation of Aβ plaques in vivo. METHODS Both quantitative and qualitative immunochemistry methods, as well as Congo red staining were used to evaluate the Aβ load and astrogliosis in these animals. RESULTS we studied alterations of cortex and hippocampus in astrocytes and senile plaques by Tph2 conditional knockout (Tph2 CKO) AD mice from 6-10 months of age. Using Congo red staining and immunostained with Aβ antibody, we showed that plaques load or plaques numbers significantly increased in Tph2 CKO experimental groups at 8 to 10 months old, compared to wild type (WT) group, respectively. Using GFAP+ astrocytes immunofluorescence method, we found that the density of GFAP+ astrocytes markedly enhanced in Tph2 CKO at 10 months. We showed Aβ plaques co-localized autophagic markers LC3 and p62. Nevertheless, we did not observe any co-localization between GFAP+ astrocytes and autophagic markers, but detected the co-localization between βIII-tubulin+ neurons and autophagic markers. CONCLUSION Overall, our work provides the preliminary evidence in vivo that Tph2 plays a role in amyloid plaques generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Jin Xu
- Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jun-Ling Wang
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital 1 of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Jing-Pan
- Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Min-Liao
- Department of Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
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46
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He Z, Yang Y, Xing Z, Zuo Z, Wang R, Gu H, Qi F, Yao Z. Intraperitoneal injection of IFN-γ restores microglial autophagy, promotes amyloid-β clearance and improves cognition in APP/PS1 mice. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:440. [PMID: 32514180 PMCID: PMC7280212 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2644-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a major self-degradative process that maintains cellular homeostasis and function in mammalian cells. Autophagic dysfunction occurs in the early pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and directly regulates amyloid-β (Aβ) metabolism. Although it has been proven that the cytokine IFN-γ enhances autophagy in macrophage cell lines, whether the signaling cascade is implicated in Aβ degradation in AD mouse models remains to be elucidated. Here, we found that 9 days of the intraperitoneal administration of IFN-γ significantly increased the LC3II/I ratio and decreased the level of p62 in APP/PS1 mice, an AD mouse model. In vitro, IFN-γ protected BV2 cells from Aβ toxicity by upregulating the expressions of Atg7 and Atg5 and the LC3II/I ratio, whereas these protective effects were ablated by interference with Atg5 expression. Moreover, IFN-γ enhanced autophagic flux, probably through suppressing the AKT/mTOR pathway both in vivo and in vitro. Importantly, using intravital two-photon microscopy and fluorescence staining, we found that microglia interacted with exogenous IFN-γ and Aβ, and surrounded Aβ in APP/PS1;CX3CR1-GFP+/− mice. In addition, IFN-γ treatment decreased the Aβ plaque load in the cortex and hippocampus and rescued cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 mice. Our data suggest a possible mechanism by which the peripheral injection of IFN-γ restores microglial autophagy to induce the phagocytosis of cerebral Aβ, which represents a potential therapeutic approach for the use of exogenous IFN-γ in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zitian He
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, #74, Zhongshan No. 2 Road, 510080, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, #74, Zhongshan No. 2 Road, 510080, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunjie Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, #74, Zhongshan No. 2 Road, 510080, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, #74, Zhongshan No. 2 Road, 510080, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Xing
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, #74, Zhongshan No. 2 Road, 510080, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, #74, Zhongshan No. 2 Road, 510080, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zejie Zuo
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, #74, Zhongshan No. 2 Road, 510080, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, #74, Zhongshan No. 2 Road, 510080, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, #74, Zhongshan No. 2 Road, 510080, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, #74, Zhongshan No. 2 Road, 510080, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huaiyu Gu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, #74, Zhongshan No. 2 Road, 510080, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, #74, Zhongshan No. 2 Road, 510080, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Fangfang Qi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, #74, Zhongshan No. 2 Road, 510080, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, #74, Zhongshan No. 2 Road, 510080, Guangzhou, China. .,Teaching and Research Bureau of Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510120, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhibin Yao
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, #74, Zhongshan No. 2 Road, 510080, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, #74, Zhongshan No. 2 Road, 510080, Guangzhou, China.
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47
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Park H, Kang JH, Lee S. Autophagy in Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Hunter for Aggregates. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093369. [PMID: 32397599 PMCID: PMC7247013 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells have developed elaborate quality-control mechanisms for proteins and organelles to maintain cellular homeostasis. Such quality-control mechanisms are maintained by conformational folding via molecular chaperones and by degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome or autophagy-lysosome system. Accumulating evidence suggests that impaired autophagy contributes to the accumulation of intracellular inclusion bodies consisting of misfolded proteins, which is a hallmark of most neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, genetic mutations in core autophagy-related genes have been reported to be linked to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and Huntington’s disease. Conversely, the pathogenic proteins, such as amyloid β and α-synuclein, are detrimental to the autophagy pathway. Here, we review the recent advances in understanding the relationship between autophagic defects and the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and suggest autophagy induction as a promising strategy for the treatment of these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungsun Park
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea;
- Hypoxia-related Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea;
| | - Ju-Hee Kang
- Hypoxia-related Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea;
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Seongju Lee
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea;
- Hypoxia-related Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-32-860-9891
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48
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Puangmalai N, Bhatt N, Montalbano M, Sengupta U, Gaikwad S, Ventura F, McAllen S, Ellsworth A, Garcia S, Kayed R. Internalization mechanisms of brain-derived tau oligomers from patients with Alzheimer's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy and dementia with Lewy bodies. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:314. [PMID: 32366836 PMCID: PMC7198578 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2503-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Tau aggregates propagate in brain cells and transmit to neighboring cells as well as anatomically connected brain regions by prion-like mechanisms. Soluble tau aggregates (tau oligomers) are the most toxic species that initiate neurodegeneration in tauopathies, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Exogenous tau aggregates have been shown to be internalized by brain cells; however, the precise cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie the internalization of tau oligomers (TauO) remain elusive. Using brain-derived tau oligomers (BDTOs) from AD, PSP, and DLB patients, we investigated neuronal internalization mechanisms of BDTOs, including the heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG)-mediated pathway, clathrin-mediated pathway, and caveolae-mediated pathway. Here, we demonstrated that the HSPG-mediated pathway regulates internalization of BDTOs from AD and DLB, while HSPG-mediated and other alternative pathways are involved in the internalization of PSP-derived tau oligomers. HSPG antagonism significantly reduced the internalization of TauO, prevented tau translocation to the endosomal-lysosomal system, and decreased levels of hyperphosphorylated tau in neurons, the well-known contributor for neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) accumulation, degeneration of neurons, and cognitive decline. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated silencing of heparan sulfate (HS)-synthesizing enzyme, exostosin-2, leads to decreased internalization of BDTOs, prevented tau-induced autophagy-lysosomal pathway impairment, and decreased hyperphosphorylated tau levels. Collectively, these findings suggest that HSPG-mediated endocytosis and exostsin-2 are involved in neuronal internalization of TauO and subsequent tau-dependent neuropathology in AD and DLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicha Puangmalai
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Nemil Bhatt
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Mauro Montalbano
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Urmi Sengupta
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Sagar Gaikwad
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Frank Ventura
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Salome McAllen
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Anna Ellsworth
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Stephanie Garcia
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Rakez Kayed
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.
- Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.
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49
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van Dam L, Dansen TB. Cross-talk between redox signalling and protein aggregation. Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 48:379-397. [PMID: 32311028 PMCID: PMC7200635 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that both an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS: i.e. O2•-, H2O2 and OH•), as well as protein aggregation, accompany ageing and proteinopathies such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. However, it is far from clear whether there is a causal relation between the two. This review describes how protein aggregation can be affected both by redox signalling (downstream of H2O2), as well as by ROS-induced damage, and aims to give an overview of the current knowledge of how redox signalling affects protein aggregation and vice versa. Redox signalling has been shown to play roles in almost every step of protein aggregation and amyloid formation, from aggregation initiation to the rapid oligomerization of large amyloids, which tend to be less toxic than oligomeric prefibrillar aggregates. We explore the hypothesis that age-associated elevated ROS production could be part of a redox signalling-dependent-stress response in an attempt to curb protein aggregation and minimize toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loes van Dam
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Molecular Cancer Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias B. Dansen
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Molecular Cancer Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
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50
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Woo JAA, Liu T, Fang CC, Castaño MA, Kee T, Yrigoin K, Yan Y, Cazzaro S, Matlack J, Wang X, Zhao X, Kang DE, Liggett SB. β-Arrestin2 oligomers impair the clearance of pathological tau and increase tau aggregates. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:5006-5015. [PMID: 32071246 PMCID: PMC7060747 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1917194117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are targets in the treatment of dementia, and the arrestins are common to their signaling. β-Arrestin2 was significantly increased in brains of patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD-tau), a disease second to Alzheimer's as a cause of dementia. Genetic loss and overexpression experiments using genetically encoded reporters and defined mutant constructs in vitro, and in cell lines, primary neurons, and tau P301S mice crossed with β-arrestin2-/- mice, show that β-arrestin2 stabilizes pathogenic tau and promotes tau aggregation. Cell and mouse models of FTLD showed this to be maladaptive, fueling a positive feedback cycle of enhanced neuronal tau via non-GPCR mechanisms. Genetic ablation of β-arrestin2 markedly ablates tau pathology and rescues synaptic plasticity defects in tau P301S transgenic mice. Atomic force microscopy and cellular studies revealed that oligomerized, but not monomeric, β-arrestin2 increases tau by inhibiting self-interaction of the autophagy cargo receptor p62/SQSTM1, impeding p62 autophagy flux. Hence, reduction of oligomerized β-arrestin2 with virus encoding β-arrestin2 mutants acting as dominant-negatives markedly reduces tau-laden neurofibrillary tangles in FTLD mice in vivo. Reducing β-arrestin2 oligomeric status represents a new strategy to alleviate tau pathology in FTLD and related tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-A A Woo
- University of South Florida Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613;
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613
| | - Tian Liu
- University of South Florida Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613
| | - Cenxiao C Fang
- University of South Florida Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613
| | - Maria A Castaño
- University of South Florida Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613
| | - Teresa Kee
- University of South Florida Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613
| | - Ksenia Yrigoin
- University of South Florida Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613
| | - Yan Yan
- University of South Florida Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613
| | - Sara Cazzaro
- University of South Florida Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613
| | - Jenet Matlack
- University of South Florida Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613
| | - Xinming Wang
- University of South Florida Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613
| | - Xingyu Zhao
- University of South Florida Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613
| | - David E Kang
- University of South Florida Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613;
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613
- Research Division, James A. Haley Veteran's Administration Hospital, Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Stephen B Liggett
- University of South Florida Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613;
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613
- Department of Medical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613
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