1
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Alizadeh F, Aghajani H, Mahboudi F, Talebkhan Y, Arefian E, Samavat S, Raufi R. Optimization of culture condition for Spodoptera frugiperda by design of experiment approach and evaluation of its effect on the expression of hemagglutinin protein of influenza virus. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0308547. [PMID: 39150957 PMCID: PMC11329130 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) is a powerful tool in pharmaceutical biotechnology to infect insect cells and produce the recombinant proteins of interest. It has been well documented that optimizing the culture condition and its supplementation through designed experiments is critical for maximum protein production. In this study, besides physicochemical parameters including incubation temperature, cell count of infection, multiplicity of infection, and feeding percentage, potential supplementary factors such as cholesterol, polyamine, galactose, pluronic-F68, glucose, L-glutamine, and ZnSO4 were screened for Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cell culture and expression of hemagglutinin (HA) protein of Influenza virus via Placket-Burman design and then optimized through Box-Behnken approach. The optimized conditions were then applied for scale-up culture and the expressed r-HA protein was characterized. Optimization of selected parameters via the Box-Behnken approach indicated that feed percentage, cell count, and multiplicity of infection are the main parameters affecting r-HA expression level and potency compared to the previously established culture condition. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of designing experiments to select and optimize important parameters that potentially affect Sf9 cell culture, r-HA expression, and its potency in the BEVS system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Alizadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Research & Development, AryoGen Pharmed Inc., Karaj, Iran
| | - Hamideh Aghajani
- Department of Research & Development, AryoGen Pharmed Inc., Karaj, Iran
| | - Fereidoun Mahboudi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Research & Development, AryoGen Pharmed Inc., Karaj, Iran
| | - Yeganeh Talebkhan
- Biotechnology Research Center, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Arefian
- Molecular Virology Lab, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Samavat
- Department of Research & Development, AryoGen Pharmed Inc., Karaj, Iran
| | - Rouhollah Raufi
- Department of Research & Development, AryoGen Pharmed Inc., Karaj, Iran
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2
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Xiang Z, Ye Q, Zhao Z, Wang N, Li J, Zou M, Lau CH, Zhu H, Wang S, Ding Y. Development of a baculoviral CRISPR/Cas9 vector system for beta-2-microglobulin knockout in human pluripotent stem cells. Mol Genet Genomics 2024; 299:74. [PMID: 39085666 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-024-02167-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Derivation of hypoimmunogenic human cells from genetically manipulated pluripotent stem cells holds great promise for future transplantation medicine and adoptive immunotherapy. Disruption of beta-2-microglobulin (B2M) in pluripotent stem cells followed by differentiation into specialized cell types is a promising approach to derive hypoimmunogenic cells. Given the attractive features of CRISPR/Cas9-based gene editing tool and baculoviral delivery system, baculovirus can deliver CRISPR/Cas9 components for site-specific gene editing of B2M. Herein, we report the development of a baculoviral CRISPR/Cas9 vector system for the B2M locus disruption in human cells. When tested in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), the B2M gene knockdown/out was successfully achieved, leading to the stable down-regulation of human leukocyte antigen class I expression on the cell surface. Fibroblasts derived from the B2M gene-disrupted hESCs were then used as stimulator cells in the co-cultures with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These fibroblasts triggered significantly reduced alloimmune responses as assessed by sensitive Elispot assays. The B2M-negative hESCs maintained the pluripotency and the ability to differentiate into three germ lineages in vitro and in vivo. These findings demonstrated the feasibility of using the baculoviral-CRISPR/Cas9 system to establish B2M-disrupted pluripotent stem cells. B2M knockdown/out sufficiently leads to hypoimmunogenic conditions, thereby supporting the potential use of B2M-negative cells as universal donor cells for allogeneic cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaiying Xiang
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiaoyuan Ye
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Second Clinical Medical College of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Zihan Zhao
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Naian Wang
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinrong Li
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Minghai Zou
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cia-Hin Lau
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haibao Zhu
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yuanlin Ding
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China.
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3
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Tavakolidakhrabadi N, Aulicino F, May CJ, Saleem MA, Berger I, Welsh GI. Genome editing and kidney health. Clin Kidney J 2024; 17:sfae119. [PMID: 38766272 PMCID: PMC11099665 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfae119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Genome editing technologies, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas in particular, have revolutionized the field of genetic engineering, providing promising avenues for treating various genetic diseases. Chronic kidney disease (CKD), a significant health concern affecting millions of individuals worldwide, can arise from either monogenic or polygenic mutations. With recent advancements in genomic sequencing, valuable insights into disease-causing mutations can be obtained, allowing for the development of new treatments for these genetic disorders. CRISPR-based treatments have emerged as potential therapies, especially for monogenic diseases, offering the ability to correct mutations and eliminate disease phenotypes. Innovations in genome editing have led to enhanced efficiency, specificity and ease of use, surpassing earlier editing tools such as zinc-finger nucleases and transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs). Two prominent advancements in CRISPR-based gene editing are prime editing and base editing. Prime editing allows precise and efficient genome modifications without inducing double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs), while base editing enables targeted changes to individual nucleotides in both RNA and DNA, promising disease correction in the absence of DSBs. These technologies have the potential to treat genetic kidney diseases through specific correction of disease-causing mutations, such as somatic mutations in PKD1 and PKD2 for polycystic kidney disease; NPHS1, NPHS2 and TRPC6 for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis; COL4A3, COL4A4 and COL4A5 for Alport syndrome; SLC3A1 and SLC7A9 for cystinuria and even VHL for renal cell carcinoma. Apart from editing the DNA sequence, CRISPR-mediated epigenome editing offers a cost-effective method for targeted treatment providing new avenues for therapeutic development, given that epigenetic modifications are associated with the development of various kidney disorders. However, there are challenges to overcome, including developing efficient delivery methods, improving safety and reducing off-target effects. Efforts to improve CRISPR-Cas technologies involve optimizing delivery vectors, employing viral and non-viral approaches and minimizing immunogenicity. With research in animal models providing promising results in rescuing the expression of wild-type podocin in mouse models of nephrotic syndrome and successful clinical trials in the early stages of various disorders, including cancer immunotherapy, there is hope for successful translation of genome editing to kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesco Aulicino
- BrisSynBio Bristol Synthetic Biology Centre, Biomedical Sciences, School of Biochemistry, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children
| | - Carl J May
- Bristol Renal, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, UK
| | - Moin A Saleem
- Bristol Renal, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, UK
- Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK
| | - Imre Berger
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Gavin I Welsh
- Bristol Renal, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol, UK
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4
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Wang JH, Gessler DJ, Zhan W, Gallagher TL, Gao G. Adeno-associated virus as a delivery vector for gene therapy of human diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:78. [PMID: 38565561 PMCID: PMC10987683 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01780-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Adeno-associated virus (AAV) has emerged as a pivotal delivery tool in clinical gene therapy owing to its minimal pathogenicity and ability to establish long-term gene expression in different tissues. Recombinant AAV (rAAV) has been engineered for enhanced specificity and developed as a tool for treating various diseases. However, as rAAV is being more widely used as a therapy, the increased demand has created challenges for the existing manufacturing methods. Seven rAAV-based gene therapy products have received regulatory approval, but there continue to be concerns about safely using high-dose viral therapies in humans, including immune responses and adverse effects such as genotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, thrombotic microangiopathy, and neurotoxicity. In this review, we explore AAV biology with an emphasis on current vector engineering strategies and manufacturing technologies. We discuss how rAAVs are being employed in ongoing clinical trials for ocular, neurological, metabolic, hematological, neuromuscular, and cardiovascular diseases as well as cancers. We outline immune responses triggered by rAAV, address associated side effects, and discuss strategies to mitigate these reactions. We hope that discussing recent advancements and current challenges in the field will be a helpful guide for researchers and clinicians navigating the ever-evolving landscape of rAAV-based gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Hui Wang
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia
| | - Dominic J Gessler
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Wei Zhan
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
- Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Thomas L Gallagher
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Guangping Gao
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
- Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
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5
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Qi J, Wu H, Liu G. Novel Strategies for Spatiotemporal and Controlled BMP-2 Delivery in Bone Tissue Engineering. Cell Transplant 2024; 33:9636897241276733. [PMID: 39305020 PMCID: PMC11418245 DOI: 10.1177/09636897241276733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) has been commercially approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use in bone defects and diseases. BMP-2 promotes osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. In bone tissue engineering, BMP-2 incorporated into scaffolds can be used for stimulating bone regeneration in organoid construction, drug testing platforms, and bone transplants. However, the high dosage and uncontrollable release rate of BMP-2 challenge its clinical application, mainly due to the short circulation half-life of BMP-2, microbial contamination in bone extracellular matrix hydrogel, and the delivery method. Moreover, in clinical translation, the requirement of high doses of BMP-2 for efficacy poses challenges in cost and safety. Based on these, novel strategies should ensure that BMP-2 is delivered precisely to the desired location within the body, regulating the timing of BMP-2 release to coincide with the bone healing process, as well as release BMP-2 in a controlled manner to optimize its therapeutic effect and minimize side effects. This review highlights improvements in bone tissue engineering applying spatiotemporal and controlled BMP-2 delivery, including molecular engineering, biomaterial modification, and synergistic therapy, aiming to provide references for future research and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqi Qi
- Department of Orthopedics, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hongwei Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Gengyan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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6
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Gareev I, Beylerli O, Tamrazov R, Ilyasova T, Shumadalova A, Du W, Yang B. Methods of miRNA delivery and possibilities of their application in neuro-oncology. Noncoding RNA Res 2023; 8:661-674. [PMID: 37860265 PMCID: PMC10582311 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current phase of medical progress, practical neuro-oncology faces critical challenges. These include the quest for and development of innovative methodological approaches, as well as the enhancement of conventional therapies to boost their efficacy in treating brain tumors, especially the malignant varieties. Recent strides in molecular and cellular biology, molecular genetics, and immunology have charted the primary research pathways in the development of new anti-cancer medications, with a particular focus on microRNA (miRNA)-based therapy. MiRNAs possess the ability to function as suppressors of tumor growth while also having the potential to act as oncogenes. MiRNAs wield control over numerous processes within the human body, encompassing tumor growth, proliferation, invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and immune responses. A significant impediment to enhancing the efficacy of brain tumor treatment lies in the unresolved challenge of traversing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-tumor barrier (BTB) to deliver therapeutic agents directly to the tumor tissue. Presently, there is a worldwide effort to conduct intricate research and design endeavors aimed at creating miRNA-based dosage forms and delivery systems that can effectively target various structures within the central nervous system (CNS). MiRNA-based therapy stands out as one of the most promising domains in neuro-oncology. Hence, the development of efficient and safe methods for delivering miRNA agents to the specific target cells within brain tumors is of paramount importance. In this study, we will delve into recent findings regarding various methods for delivering miRNA agents to brain tumor cells. We will explore the advantages and disadvantages of different delivery systems and consider some clinical aspects of miRNA-based therapy for brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilgiz Gareev
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, 150067, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Ozal Beylerli
- Central Research Laboratory, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, 3 Lenin street, 450008, Russia
| | - Rasim Tamrazov
- Department of Oncology, Radiology and Radiotherapy, Tyumen State Medical University, 54 Odesskaya Street, 625023, Tyumen, Russia
| | - Tatiana Ilyasova
- Department of Internal Diseases, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, 3 Lenin street, 450008, Russia
| | - Alina Shumadalova
- Department of General Chemistry, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, 3 Lenin street, 450008, Russia
| | - Weijie Du
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, 150067, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Baofeng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, 150067, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150081, PR China
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7
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Kilgore R, Minzoni A, Shastry S, Smith W, Barbieri E, Wu Y, LeBarre JP, Chu W, O'Brien J, Menegatti S. The downstream bioprocess toolbox for therapeutic viral vectors. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1709:464337. [PMID: 37722177 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Viral vectors are poised to acquire a prominent position in modern medicine and biotechnology owing to their role as delivery agents for gene therapies, oncolytic agents, vaccine platforms, and a gateway to engineer cell therapies as well as plants and animals for sustainable agriculture. The success of viral vectors will critically depend on the availability of flexible and affordable biomanufacturing strategies that can meet the growing demand by clinics and biotech companies worldwide. In this context, a key role will be played by downstream process technology: while initially adapted from protein purification media, the purification toolbox for viral vectors is currently undergoing a rapid expansion to fit the unique biomolecular characteristics of these products. Innovation efforts are articulated on two fronts, namely (i) the discovery of affinity ligands that target adeno-associated virus, lentivirus, adenovirus, etc.; (ii) the development of adsorbents with innovative morphologies, such as membranes and 3D printed monoliths, that fit the size of viral vectors. Complementing these efforts are the design of novel process layouts that capitalize on novel ligands and adsorbents to ensure high yield and purity of the product while safeguarding its therapeutic efficacy and safety; and a growing panel of analytical methods that monitor the complex array of critical quality attributes of viral vectors and correlate them to the purification strategies. To help explore this complex and evolving environment, this study presents a comprehensive overview of the downstream bioprocess toolbox for viral vectors established in the last decade, and discusses present efforts and future directions contributing to the success of this promising class of biological medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Kilgore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States.
| | - Arianna Minzoni
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Shriarjun Shastry
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States; Biomanufacturing Training and Education Center (BTEC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Will Smith
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Eduardo Barbieri
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Yuxuan Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Jacob P LeBarre
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Wenning Chu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Juliana O'Brien
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Stefano Menegatti
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States; Biomanufacturing Training and Education Center (BTEC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States; North Carolina Viral Vector Initiative in Research and Learning, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
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8
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Bruder MR, Aucoin MG. A sensitive assay for scrutiny of Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus genes using CRISPR-Cas9. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s00253-023-12462-y. [PMID: 37233755 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12462-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Baculoviruses have very large genomes and previous studies have demonstrated improvements in recombinant protein production and genome stability through the removal of some nonessential sequences. However, recombinant baculovirus expression vectors (rBEVs) in widespread use remain virtually unmodified. Traditional approaches for generating knockout viruses (KOVs) require several experimental steps to remove the target gene prior to the generation of the virus. In order to optimize rBEV genomes by removing nonessential sequences, more efficient techniques for establishing and evaluating KOVs are required. Here, we have developed a sensitive assay utilizing CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene targeting to examine the phenotypic impact of disruption of endogenous Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) genes. For validation, 13 AcMNPV genes were targeted for disruption and evaluated for the production of GFP and progeny virus - traits that are essential for their use as vectors for recombinant protein production. The assay involves transfection of sgRNA into a Cas9-expressing Sf9 cell line followed by infection with a baculovirus vector carrying the gfp gene under the p10 or p6.9 promoters. This assay represents an efficient strategy for scrutinizing AcMNPV gene function through targeted disruption, and represents a valuable tool for developing an optimized rBEV genome. KEY POINTS: [Formula: see text] A method to scrutinize the essentiality of baculovirus genes was developed. [Formula: see text] The method uses Sf9-Cas9 cells, a targeting plasmid carrying a sgRNA, and a rBEV-GFP. [Formula: see text] The method allows scrutiny by only needing to modify the targeting sgRNA plasmid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Bruder
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W., Waterloo, N2L 3G1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marc G Aucoin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W., Waterloo, N2L 3G1, Ontario, Canada.
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9
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Zhou H, He Y, Xiong W, Jing S, Duan X, Huang Z, Nahal GS, Peng Y, Li M, Zhu Y, Ye Q. MSC based gene delivery methods and strategies improve the therapeutic efficacy of neurological diseases. Bioact Mater 2023; 23:409-437. [PMCID: PMC9713256 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
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10
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Zhu X, Ma D, Yang B, An Q, Zhao J, Gao X, Zhang L. Research progress of engineered mesenchymal stem cells and their derived exosomes and their application in autoimmune/inflammatory diseases. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:71. [PMID: 37038221 PMCID: PMC10088151 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03295-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune/inflammatory diseases affect many people and are an important cause of global incidence and mortality. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have low immunogenicity, immune regulation, multidifferentiation and other biological characteristics, play an important role in tissue repair and immune regulation and are widely used in the research and treatment of autoimmune/inflammatory diseases. In addition, MSCs can secrete extracellular vesicles with lipid bilayer structures under resting or activated conditions, including exosomes, microparticles and apoptotic bodies. Among them, exosomes, as the most important component of extracellular vesicles, can function as parent MSCs. Although MSCs and their exosomes have the characteristics of immune regulation and homing, engineering these cells or vesicles through various technical means, such as genetic engineering, surface modification and tissue engineering, can further improve their homing and other congenital characteristics, make them specifically target specific tissues or organs, and improve their therapeutic effect. This article reviews the advanced technology of engineering MSCs or MSC-derived exosomes and its application in some autoimmune/inflammatory diseases by searching the literature published in recent years at home and abroad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Zhu
- School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Dan Ma
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Baoqi Yang
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Qi An
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Jingwen Zhao
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Xinnan Gao
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Liyun Zhang
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China.
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11
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Michurina S, Stafeev I, Boldyreva M, Truong VA, Ratner E, Menshikov M, Hu YC, Parfyonova Y. Transplantation of Adipose-Tissue-Engineered Constructs with CRISPR-Mediated UCP1 Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043844. [PMID: 36835254 PMCID: PMC9959691 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermogenic adipocytes have potential utility for the development of approaches to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity-associated diseases. Although several reports have proved the positive effect of beige and brown adipocyte transplantation in obese mice, translation to human cell therapy needs improvement. Here, we describe the application of CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) technology for generating safe and efficient adipose-tissue-engineered constructs with enhanced mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression. We designed the CRISPRa system for the activation of UCP1 gene expression. CRISPRa-UCP1 was delivered into mature adipocytes by a baculovirus vector. Modified adipocytes were transplanted in C57BL/6 mice, followed by analysis of grafts, inflammation and systemic glucose metabolism. Staining of grafts on day 8 after transplantation shows them to contain UCP1-positive adipocytes. Following transplantation, adipocytes remain in grafts and exhibit expression of PGC1α transcription factor and hormone sensitive lipase (HSL). Transplantation of CRISPRa-UCP1-modified adipocytes does not influence glucose metabolism or inflammation in recipient mice. We show the utility and safety of baculovirus vectors for CRISPRa-based thermogenic gene activation. Our findings suggest a means of improving existing cell therapy approaches using baculovirus vectors and CRISPRa for modification and transplantation of non-immunogenic adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Michurina
- National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E. I. Chazov, 121552 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (I.S.)
| | - Iurii Stafeev
- National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E. I. Chazov, 121552 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (I.S.)
| | - Maria Boldyreva
- National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E. I. Chazov, 121552 Moscow, Russia
- Cell and Molecular Biology Unit, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, 101000 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vu Anh Truong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Elizaveta Ratner
- National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E. I. Chazov, 121552 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Menshikov
- National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E. I. Chazov, 121552 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yu-Chen Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Yelena Parfyonova
- National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E. I. Chazov, 121552 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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12
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Murawala P, Oliveira CR, Okulski H, Yun MH, Tanaka EM. Baculovirus Production and Infection in Axolotls. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2562:369-387. [PMID: 36272088 PMCID: PMC9665047 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2659-7_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Salamanders have served as an excellent model for developmental and tissue regeneration studies. While transgenic approaches are available for various salamander species, their long generation time and expensive maintenance have driven the development of alternative gene delivery methods for functional studies. We have previously developed pseudotyped baculovirus (BV) as a tool for gene delivery in the axolotl (Oliveira et al. Dev Biol 433(2):262-275, 2018). Since its initial conception, we have refined our protocol of BV production and usage in salamander models. In this chapter, we describe a detailed and versatile protocol for BV-mediated transduction in urodeles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prayag Murawala
- Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory (MDIBL), Salisbury Cove, ME, USA.
- Clinic for Kidney and Hypertension Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Catarina R Oliveira
- Center for Regenerative Therapies (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Graduate Program in Areas of Basic and Applied Biology (GABBA), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Helena Okulski
- Research - Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Maximina H Yun
- Center for Regenerative Therapies (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elly M Tanaka
- Research - Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria.
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13
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Pidre ML, Arrías PN, Amorós Morales LC, Romanowski V. The Magic Staff: A Comprehensive Overview of Baculovirus-Based Technologies Applied to Human and Animal Health. Viruses 2022; 15:80. [PMID: 36680120 PMCID: PMC9863858 DOI: 10.3390/v15010080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Baculoviruses are enveloped, insect-specific viruses with large double-stranded DNA genomes. Among all the baculovirus species, Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) is the most studied. Due to its characteristics regarding biosafety, narrow host range and the availability of different platforms for modifying its genome, AcMNPV has become a powerful biotechnological tool. In this review, we will address the most widespread technological applications of baculoviruses. We will begin by summarizing their natural cycle both in larvae and in cell culture and how it can be exploited. Secondly, we will explore the different baculovirus-based protein expression systems (BEVS) and their multiple applications in the pharmaceutical and biotechnological industry. We will focus particularly on the production of vaccines, many of which are either currently commercialized or in advanced stages of development (e.g., Novavax, COVID-19 vaccine). In addition, recombinant baculoviruses can be used as efficient gene transduction and protein expression vectors in vertebrate cells (e.g., BacMam). Finally, we will extensively describe various gene therapy strategies based on baculoviruses applied to the treatment of different diseases. The main objective of this work is to provide an extensive up-to-date summary of the different biotechnological applications of baculoviruses, emphasizing the genetic modification strategies used in each field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Víctor Romanowski
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), La Plata 1900, Argentina
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14
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Fusogenic Hybrid Extracellular Vesicles with PD-1 Membrane Proteins for the Cytosolic Delivery of Cargos. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112635. [PMID: 35681615 PMCID: PMC9179877 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived lipid membrane capsules that can deliver functional molecules, such as nucleic acids, to target cells. Currently, the application of EVs is limited because of the difficulty of loading cargo into EVs. We constructed hybrid EVs by the fusion of liposomes and insect cell-derived EVs expressing recombinant programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) protein and baculoviral fusogenic glycoprotein gp64, and evaluated delivery of the model cargo molecule, Texas Red-labeled dextran (TR-Dex), into the cytosol. When PD-1 hybrid EVs were added to HeLa cells, the intracellular uptake of the hybrid EVs was increased compared with hybrid EVs without PD-1. After cellular uptake, the PD-1 hybrid EVs were shown to be localized to late endosomes or lysosomes. The results of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) indicated that membrane fusion between the hybrid EVs and organelles had occurred in the acidic environment of the organelles. When TR-Dex-loaded liposomes were fused with the PD-1 EVs, confocal laser scanning microscopy indicated that TR-Dex was distributed throughout the cells, which suggested that endosomal escape of TR-Dex, through membrane fusion between the hybrid EVs and acidic organelles, had occurred. These engineered PD-1 hybrid EVs have potential as delivery carriers for biopharmaceuticals.
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15
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Ma C, Zhang X, Li X, Ding W, Feng Y. An embryonic cell line from the American cockroach Periplaneta americana L. (Blattaria: Blattidae) exhibits susceptibility to AcMNPV. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2022; 58:278-288. [PMID: 35460045 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-021-00628-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Although the baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) is widely used in the production of recombinant proteins, only a few lepidopteran insect cell lines have been successfully used so far. This study aimed at evaluating the characteristics of an embryonic cell line from the American cockroach Periplaneta americana L., RIRI-PA1, and determining whether it could be used in recombinant protein expression. Wild type Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV-wt) and green fluorescent protein (GFP)-replicating recombinant baculoviruses (AcMNPV-GFP) were used to infect RIRI-PA1 respectively, demonstrating that RIRI-PA1 cells could be infected by AcMNPV and express recombinant proteins. Within 24 h of infection with AcMNPV-GFP, the GFP expression was higher than that in Sf21 cells. Furthermore, the infection of RIRI-PA1 cells increased gradually (multiplicity of infection, 10) within 24 h, while in Sf21 cells, the infection only began to increase within 48 h. However, after exposure for 96-168 h, the virus progeny and recombinant protein production of RIRI-PA1 cells was lower than those of Sf21 cells. Western blotting revealed that RIRI-PA1 cells could express recombinant GFP, and the protein expression level positively correlated with the multiplicity of infection. In conclusion, this is the first report that a cell line from P. americana has shown susceptibility to infection from a baculovirus and likewise express recombinant protein. Although the yield of recombinant GFP was not as high as that of Sf21 cells, the results nonetheless showed that RIRI-PA1 had an infection rate advantage in the short term (within 24 h of infection), which is of great value for further development and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenjing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Resource Insects of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650224, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Resource Insects of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650224, China.
| | - Xian Li
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Resource Insects of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650224, China
| | - Weifeng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Resource Insects of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650224, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Resource Insects of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650224, China
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16
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Cc S, Arun D, Divya L. Insect in vitro System for Toxicology Studies - Current and Future Perspectives. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 3:671600. [PMID: 35295131 PMCID: PMC8915908 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2021.671600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro cell culture practices are valuable techniques to understand the mechanisms behind vital in vivo biological processes. In vitro cells have helped us to attain a deeper understanding of functions and mechanisms conserved in the course of evolution. Toxicology studies are inevitable in drug discovery, pesticide development, and many other fields that directly interact with human beings. The proper involvement and regulatory steps that have been taken by animal ethical societies in different parts of the world resulted in the reduced in vivo use of mammals in toxicological studies. Nevertheless, experimental animals are being killed where no replacement is available. The use of mammals could be reduced by using the in vitro systems. Nowadays, invertebrate cell lines are also play important role in toxicology testing. This review analyzes the cause and consequence of insect in vitro models in toxicology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheeja Cc
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, India
| | - Damodaran Arun
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, India
| | - Lekha Divya
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, India
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17
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Truong VA, Lin YH, Nguyen NTK, Hsu MN, Pham NN, Chang YH, Chang CW, Shen CC, Lee HS, Lai PL, Parfyonova YV, Menshikov M, Wu JC, Chang YH, Hu YC. Bi-directional gene activation and repression promote ASC differentiation and enhance bone healing in osteoporotic rats. Mol Ther 2022; 30:92-104. [PMID: 34450254 PMCID: PMC8753367 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Calvarial bone healing is challenging, especially for individuals with osteoporosis because stem cells from osteoporotic patients are highly prone to adipogenic differentiation. Based on previous findings that chondrogenic induction of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) can augment calvarial bone healing, we hypothesized that activating chondroinductive Sox Trio genes (Sox5, Sox6, Sox9) and repressing adipoinductive genes (C/ebp-α, Ppar-γ) in osteoporotic ASCs can reprogram cell differentiation and improve calvarial bone healing after implantation. However, simultaneous gene activation and repression in ASCs is difficult. To tackle this problem, we built a CRISPR-BiD system for bi-directional gene regulation. Specifically, we built a CRISPR-AceTran system that exploited both histone acetylation and transcription activation for synergistic Sox Trio activation. We also developed a CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) system that exploited DNA methylation for repression of adipoinductive genes. We combined CRISPR-AceTran and CRISPRi to form the CRISPR-BiD system, which harnessed three mechanisms (transcription activation, histone acetylation, and DNA methylation). After delivery into osteoporotic rat ASCs, CRISPR-BiD significantly enhanced chondrogenesis and in vitro cartilage formation. Implantation of the engineered osteoporotic ASCs into critical-sized calvarial bone defects significantly improved bone healing in osteoporotic rats. These results implicated the potential of the CRISPR-BiD system for bi-directional regulation of cell fate and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vu Anh Truong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hui Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | | | - Mu-Nung Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Nam Ngoc Pham
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hao Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Wei Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Che Shen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Sheng Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Po-Liang Lai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan,Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Yelena V. Parfyonova
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia,Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Menshikov
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Cardiology Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Jaw-Ching Wu
- Medical Research Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Han Chang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan,Corresponding author: Yu-Chen Hu, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chen Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan,Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan,Corresponding author: Yu-Han Chang, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.
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18
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Maghodia AB, Geisler C, Jarvis DL. A New Bacmid for Customized Protein Glycosylation Pathway Engineering in the Baculovirus-Insect Cell System. ACS Chem Biol 2021; 16:1941-1950. [PMID: 33596046 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.0c00974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
One attractive feature of the baculovirus-insect cell system (BICS) is the baculoviral genome has a large capacity for genetic cargo. This enables construction of viral vectors designed to accept multigene insertions, which has facilitated efforts to produce recombinant multisubunit protein complexes. However, the large genetic capacity of baculovirus vectors has not yet been exploited for multistep pathway engineering. Therefore, we created PolyBac, which is a novel baculovirus shuttle vector, or bacmid, that can be used for this purpose. PolyBac was designed to accept multiple transgene insertions by three different mechanisms at three different sites within the baculovirus genome. After constructing and characterizing PolyBac, we used it to isolate nine derivatives encoding various combinations of up to eight different protein N-glycosylation pathway functions, or glycogenes. We then used these derivatives, which were designed to progressively extend the endogenous insect cell pathway, to assess PolyBac's utility for protein glycosylation pathway engineering. This assessment was enabled by engineering each derivative to produce a recombinant influenza hemagglutinin (rH5), which was used to probe the impact of each glycoengineered PolyBac derivative on the endogenous insect cell pathway. Genetic analyses of these derivatives confirmed PolyBac can accept large DNA insertions. Biochemical analyses of the rH5 products showed each had distinct N-glycosylation profiles. Finally, the major N-glycan on each rH5 product was the predicted end product of the engineered N-glycosylation pathways encoded by each PolyBac derivative. These results generally indicate that PolyBac has utility for multistep metabolic pathway engineering and directly demonstrate that this new bacmid can be used for customized protein glycosylation pathway engineering in the BICS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Donald L. Jarvis
- GlycoBac, LLC, Laramie, Wyoming 82072, United States
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, United States
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19
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Targovnik AM, Simonin JA, Mc Callum GJ, Smith I, Cuccovia Warlet FU, Nugnes MV, Miranda MV, Belaich MN. Solutions against emerging infectious and noninfectious human diseases through the application of baculovirus technologies. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:8195-8226. [PMID: 34618205 PMCID: PMC8495437 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11615-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Baculoviruses are insect pathogens widely used as biotechnological tools in different fields of life sciences and technologies. The particular biology of these entities (biosafety viruses 1; large circular double-stranded DNA genomes, infective per se; generally of narrow host range on insect larvae; many of the latter being pests in agriculture) and the availability of molecular-biology procedures (e.g., genetic engineering to edit their genomes) and cellular resources (availability of cell lines that grow under in vitro culture conditions) have enabled the application of baculoviruses as active ingredients in pest control, as systems for the expression of recombinant proteins (Baculovirus Expression Vector Systems—BEVS) and as viral vectors for gene delivery in mammals or to display antigenic proteins (Baculoviruses applied on mammals—BacMam). Accordingly, BEVS and BacMam technologies have been introduced in academia because of their availability as commercial systems and ease of use and have also reached the human pharmaceutical industry, as incomparable tools in the development of biological products such as diagnostic kits, vaccines, protein therapies, and—though still in the conceptual stage involving animal models—gene therapies. Among all the baculovirus species, the Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus has been the most highly exploited in the above utilities for the human-biotechnology field. This review highlights the main achievements (in their different stages of development) of the use of BEVS and BacMam technologies for the generation of products for infectious and noninfectious human diseases. Key points • Baculoviruses can assist as biotechnological tools in human health problems. • Vaccines and diagnosis reagents produced in the baculovirus platform are described. • The use of recombinant baculovirus for gene therapy–based treatment is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Marisa Targovnik
- Cátedra de Biotecnología, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Buenos Aires, 1113, Argentina.
- Instituto de Nanobiotecnología (NANOBIOTEC), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, CONICET -Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Sexto Piso, C1113AAD, 1113, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Jorge Alejandro Simonin
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular, Área Virosis de Insectos, Instituto de Microbiología Básica y Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gregorio Juan Mc Callum
- Cátedra de Biotecnología, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Buenos Aires, 1113, Argentina
- Instituto de Nanobiotecnología (NANOBIOTEC), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, CONICET -Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Sexto Piso, C1113AAD, 1113, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Smith
- Cátedra de Biotecnología, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Buenos Aires, 1113, Argentina
- Instituto de Nanobiotecnología (NANOBIOTEC), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, CONICET -Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Sexto Piso, C1113AAD, 1113, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Franco Uriel Cuccovia Warlet
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular, Área Virosis de Insectos, Instituto de Microbiología Básica y Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Nugnes
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular, Área Virosis de Insectos, Instituto de Microbiología Básica y Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Miranda
- Cátedra de Biotecnología, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Buenos Aires, 1113, Argentina
- Instituto de Nanobiotecnología (NANOBIOTEC), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, CONICET -Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Sexto Piso, C1113AAD, 1113, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariano Nicolás Belaich
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular, Área Virosis de Insectos, Instituto de Microbiología Básica y Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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20
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Yoon KW, Chu KB, Kang HJ, Kim MJ, Eom GD, Lee SH, Moon EK, Quan FS. Mucosal Administration of Recombinant Baculovirus Displaying Toxoplasma gondii ROP4 Confers Protection Against T. gondii Challenge Infection in Mice. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:735191. [PMID: 34660343 PMCID: PMC8512701 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.735191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogens require physical contact with the mucosal surface of the host organism to initiate infection and as such, vaccines eliciting both mucosal and systemic immune responses would be promising. Studies involving the use of recombinant baculoviruses (rBVs) as mucosal vaccines are severely lacking despite their inherently safe nature, especially against pathogens of global importance such as Toxoplasma gondii. Here, we generated rBVs displaying T. gondii rhoptry protein 4 (ROP4) and evaluated their protective efficacy in BALB/c mice following immunization via intranasal (IN) and oral routes. IN immunization with the ROP4-expressing rBVs elicited higher levels of parasite-specific IgA antibody responses compared to oral immunization. Upon challenge infection with a lethal dose of T. gondii ME49, IN immunization elicited significantly higher parasite-specific antibody responses in the mucosal tissues such as intestines, feces, vaginal samples, and brain than oral immunization. Marked increases in IgG and IgA antibody-secreting cell (ASC) responses were observed from intranasally immunized mice. IN immunization elicited significantly enhanced induction of CD4+, CD8+ T cells, and germinal center B (GC B) cell responses from secondary lymphoid organs while limiting the production of the inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ and IL-6 in the brain, all of which contributed to protecting mice against T. gondii lethal challenge infection. Our findings suggest that IN delivery of ROP4 rBVs induced better mucosal and systemic immunity against the lethal T. gondii challenge infection compared to oral immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keon-Woong Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ki-Back Chu
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hae-Ji Kang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min-Ju Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gi-Deok Eom
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su-Hwa Lee
- Department of Medical Zoology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Moon
- Department of Medical Zoology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Fu-Shi Quan
- Department of Medical Zoology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, School of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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21
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SynBac: Enhanced Baculovirus Genomes by Iterative Recombineering. Methods Mol Biol 2021. [PMID: 33950388 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1406-8_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Baculovirus expression vector systems (BEVS) are widely used to produce heterologous proteins for a wide range of applications. Developed more than 30 years ago, BEVS have been constantly modified to improve product quality and ease-of-use. Plasmid reagents were tailored and engineered to facilitate introduction of heterologous genes into baculoviral genomes. At the same time, detrimental modalities such as genes encoding proteases or apoptotic factors were removed to improve protein yield. Advances in DNA synthesis and manipulation now enable the engineering of part or whole synthetic baculovirus genomes, opening up new avenues to redesign and tailor the system to specific applications. Here, we describe a simple protocol for designing and constructing baculovirus genomes comprising segments of synthetic DNA through the use of iterative Red/ET homologous recombination reactions.
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22
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Cellular pathways of recombinant adeno-associated virus production for gene therapy. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 49:107764. [PMID: 33957276 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAVs) are among the most important vectors for in vivo gene therapies. With the rapid development of gene therapy, current rAAV manufacturing capacity faces a challenge to meet the emerging demand for these therapies in the future. To examine the bottlenecks in rAAV production during cell culture, we focus here on an analysis of cellular pathways of rAAV production, based on an overview of assembly mechanisms first in the wild-type (wt) AAV replication and then in the common methods of rAAV production. The differences analyzed between the wild-type and recombinant systems provide insights into the mechanistic differences that may correlate with viral productivity. Based on these analyses, we identify potential barriers to high productivity of rAAV and discuss future directions for improvement to meet the emerging needs set by the growth of rAAV-based therapy and the needs of patients.
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Choi H, Chun J, Park M, Kim S, Kim N, Lee HJ, Kim M, Shin HY, Oh YK, Kim YB. The Safe Baculovirus-Based PrM/E DNA Vaccine Protected Fetuses Against Zika Virus in A129 Mice. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9050438. [PMID: 33946611 PMCID: PMC8147223 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9050438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne member of the Flaviviridae family of enveloped RNA viruses. The correlation between viral infection and fetal microcephaly was revealed in 2015, yet we still lack a vaccine against ZIKV. Here, we present a genetic vaccine that delivers the premembrane (prM) and envelope (E) genes of ZIKV using a recombinant baculovirus vector that expresses a human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) envelope on its surface to enhance gene delivery. We observed that baculoviruses with HERV envelopes (AcHERV) exhibited specifically higher gene transfer efficiency in human cells compared to the wild-type baculovirus vector. Using the AcHERV baculovirus vector, we constructed a recombinant baculovirus vaccine encoding ZIKV prM/E genes (AcHERV-ZIKV), which are major targets of neutralizing antibodies. Mice immunized twice with AcHERV-ZIKV exhibited high levels of IgG, neutralizing antibodies, and IFN-γ. In challenge tests in IFN knock-out mice (A129), AcHERV-ZIKV showed complete protection in both challenge and pregnancy tests. These results suggest that AcHERV-ZIKV could be a potential vaccine candidate for human application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanul Choi
- Department of Bioindustrial Technologies, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
| | - Jungmin Chun
- Center for Glocal Disease Control, KR BioTech, Seoul 05029, Korea;
| | - Mina Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.P.); (S.K.); (N.K.); (H.-J.L.); (M.K.); (H.Y.S.)
| | - Suyeon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.P.); (S.K.); (N.K.); (H.-J.L.); (M.K.); (H.Y.S.)
| | - Nahyun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.P.); (S.K.); (N.K.); (H.-J.L.); (M.K.); (H.Y.S.)
| | - Hee-Jung Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.P.); (S.K.); (N.K.); (H.-J.L.); (M.K.); (H.Y.S.)
| | - Minjee Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.P.); (S.K.); (N.K.); (H.-J.L.); (M.K.); (H.Y.S.)
| | - Ha Youn Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.P.); (S.K.); (N.K.); (H.-J.L.); (M.K.); (H.Y.S.)
| | - Yu-Kyoung Oh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Young Bong Kim
- Department of Bioindustrial Technologies, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
- Center for Glocal Disease Control, KR BioTech, Seoul 05029, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-450-4208
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Parsza CN, Gómez DLM, Simonin JA, Belaich MN, Ghiringhelli PD. Evaluation of the Nucleopolyhedrovirus of Anticarsia gemmatalis as a Vector for Gene Therapy in Mammals. Curr Gene Ther 2021; 21:177-189. [PMID: 33334288 DOI: 10.2174/1566523220999201217155945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Baculoviruses are insect pathogens with important biotechnological applications that transcend their use as biological controllers of agricultural pests. One species, Autographa californica multiple nucleopolhyedrovirus (AcMNPV), has been extensively exploited as a molecular platform to produce recombinant proteins and as a delivery vector for genes in mammals because it can transduce a wide range of mammalian cells and tissues without replicating or producing progeny. METHOD To investigate if the budded virions of Anticarsia gemmatalis multiple nucleopolhyedrovirus (AgMNPV) species has the same ability, the viral genome was modified by homologous recombination into susceptible insect cells to integrate reporter genes and then it was evaluated on mammalian cell lines in a comparative form with respect to equivalent viruses derived from AcMNPV. Besides, the replicative capacity of AgMNPV´s virions in mammals was determined. RESULTS The experiments carried out showed that the recombinant variant of AgMNPV transduces and support the expression of delivered genes but not replicates in mammalian cells. CONCLUSION Consequently, this insect pathogen is proposed as an alternative to non-infectious viruses in humans to explore new approaches in gene therapy and other applications based on the use of mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia N Parsza
- Laboratorio de Ingenieria Genetica y Biologia Celular y Molecular, Area Virosis de Insectos, Instituto de Microbiologia Basica y Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego L M Gómez
- Laboratorio de Oncologia Molecular, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge A Simonin
- Laboratorio de Ingenieria Genetica y Biologia Celular y Molecular, Area Virosis de Insectos, Instituto de Microbiologia Basica y Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariano Nicolás Belaich
- Laboratorio de Ingenieria Genetica y Biologia Celular y Molecular, Area Virosis de Insectos, Instituto de Microbiologia Basica y Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo D Ghiringhelli
- Laboratorio de Ingenieria Genetica y Biologia Celular y Molecular, Area Virosis de Insectos, Instituto de Microbiologia Basica y Aplicada, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Rasmussen TS, Jakobsen RR, Castro-Mejía JL, Kot W, Thomsen AR, Vogensen FK, Nielsen DS, Hansen AK. Inter-vendor variance of enteric eukaryotic DNA viruses in specific pathogen free C57BL/6N mice. Res Vet Sci 2021; 136:1-5. [PMID: 33548686 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The laboratory mouse strain C57BL/6 is widely used as an animal model for various applications. It is becoming increasingly clear that the bacterial enteric community highly influences the phenotype. Eukaryotic viruses represent a sparsely investigated member of the enteric microbiome that might also affect the phenotype. We here investigated the presence of enteric eukaryotic DNA viruses (EDVs) in specific pathogen-free (SPF) C57BL/6N mice purchased from three vendors upon arrival and after being fed a low-fat diet (LFD) or high-fat diet (HFD). We detected genetic fragments of EDVs belonging to the viral families of Herpes-, Mimi-, Baculo- and Phycodnaviridae represented by two genera; Chlorovirus and Prasinovirus. The EDVs were detected in the mice upon arrival and persisted for 13 weeks. However, these signals of EDVs were only detected at notable levels in mice fed LFD from 2 out of 3 vendors, which suggested that the enteric composition of these EDVs were affected by both vendor (p < 0.003) and different dietary regimes (p < 0.013). This highlights the need of additional studies assessing the potential function of these EDVs that may influence the mouse phenotype and the reproducibility of animal studies using this C57BL/6N substrain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Witold Kot
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Allan Randrup Thomsen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Finn Kvist Vogensen
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | - Axel Kornerup Hansen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
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Amalfi S, Molina GN, Bevacqua RJ, López MG, Taboga O, Alfonso V. Baculovirus Transduction in Mammalian Cells Is Affected by the Production of Type I and III Interferons, Which Is Mediated Mainly by the cGAS-STING Pathway. J Virol 2020; 94:e01555-20. [PMID: 32796076 PMCID: PMC7565641 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01555-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The baculovirus Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus is an insect virus with a circular double-stranded DNA genome, which, among other multiple biotechnological applications, is used as an expression vector for gene delivery in mammalian cells. Nevertheless, the nonspecific immune response triggered by viral vectors often suppresses transgene expression. To understand the mechanisms involved in that response, in the present study, we studied the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) pathway by using two approaches: the genetic edition through CRISPR/Cas9 technology of genes encoding STING or cGAS in NIH/3T3 murine fibroblasts and the infection of HEK293 and HEK293 T human epithelial cells, deficient in cGAS and in cGAS and STING expression, respectively. Overall, our results suggest the existence of two different pathways involved in the establishment of the antiviral response, both dependent on STING expression. Particularly, the cGAS-STING pathway resulted in the more relevant production of beta interferon (IFN-β) and IFN-λ1 in response to baculovirus infection. In human epithelial cells, IFN-λ1 production was also induced in a cGAS-independent and DNA-protein kinase (DNA-PK)-dependent manner. Finally, we demonstrated that these cellular responses toward baculovirus infection affect the efficiency of transduction of baculovirus vectors.IMPORTANCE Baculoviruses are nonpathogenic viruses that infect mammals, which, among other applications, are used as vehicles for gene delivery. Here, we demonstrated that the cytosolic DNA sensor cGAS recognizes baculoviral DNA and that the cGAS-STING axis is primarily responsible for the attenuation of transduction in human and mouse cell lines through type I and type III IFNs. Furthermore, we identified DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) as a cGAS-independent and alternative DNA cytosolic sensor that contributes less to the antiviral state in baculovirus infection in human epithelial cells than cGAS. Knowledge of the pathways involved in the response of mammalian cells to baculovirus infection will improve the use of this vector as a tool for gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Amalfi
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Guido Nicolás Molina
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Romina Jimena Bevacqua
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires/INPA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Seung Kim Lab, Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - María Gabriela López
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Oscar Taboga
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Victoria Alfonso
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Hurlingham, Argentina
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27
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Giménez CS, Castillo MG, Simonin JA, Núñez Pedrozo CN, Pascuali N, Bauzá MDR, Locatelli P, López AE, Belaich MN, Mendiz AO, Crottogini AJ, Cuniberti LA, Olea FD. Effect of intramuscular baculovirus encoding mutant hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha on neovasculogenesis and ischemic muscle protection in rabbits with peripheral arterial disease. Cytotherapy 2020; 22:563-572. [PMID: 32723595 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a progressive, disabling ailment for which no effective treatment exists. Gene therapy-mediated neovascularization has emerged as a potentially useful strategy. We tested the angiogenic and arteriogenic efficacy and safety of a baculovirus (BV) encoding mutant, oxygen-resistant hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (mHIF-1α), in rabbits with PAD. METHODS After assessing the transfection efficiency of the BV.mHIF-1α vector and its tubulogenesis potential in vitro, we randomized rabbits with experimental PAD to receive 1 × 109 copies of BV.mHIF-1α or BV.null (n = 6 per group) 7 days after surgery. Two weeks post-treatment, collateralization (digital angiography) and capillary and arteriolar densities (immunohistochemistry) were measured in the posterior limbs. Ischemic damage was evaluated in adductor and gastrocnemius muscle samples. Tracking of viral DNA in injected zones and remote tissues at different time points was performed in additional rabbits using a BV encoding GFP. RESULTS Angiographically visible collaterals were more numerous in BV.mHIF-1α-treated rabbits (8.12 ± 0.42 vs 6.13 ± 1.15 collaterals/cm2, P < 0.05). The same occurred with arteriolar (27.9 ± 7.0 vs 15.3 ± 4.0 arterioles/mm2) and capillary (341.8 ± 109.9 vs 208.8 ± 87.7 capillaries/mm2, P < 0.05) densities. BV.mHIF-1α-treated rabbits displayed less ischemic muscle damage than BV.null-treated animals. Viral DNA and GFP mRNA were detectable only at 3 and 7 days after injection in hind limbs. Neither the virus nor GFP mRNA was detected in remote tissues. CONCLUSIONS In rabbits with PAD, BV.mHIF-1α induced neovascularization and reduced ischemic damage, exhibiting a good safety profile at 14 days post-treatment. Complementary studies to evaluate its potential usefulness in the clinic are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos S Giménez
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa Cardiovascular, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional, Trasplante y Bioingeniería (IMETTYB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martha G Castillo
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa Cardiovascular, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional, Trasplante y Bioingeniería (IMETTYB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge A Simonin
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular (LIGBCM), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina
| | - Cristian N Núñez Pedrozo
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa Cardiovascular, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional, Trasplante y Bioingeniería (IMETTYB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Natalia Pascuali
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Del Rosario Bauzá
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa Cardiovascular, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional, Trasplante y Bioingeniería (IMETTYB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paola Locatelli
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa Cardiovascular, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional, Trasplante y Bioingeniería (IMETTYB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ayelén E López
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa Cardiovascular, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional, Trasplante y Bioingeniería (IMETTYB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariano N Belaich
- Laboratorio de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Celular y Molecular (LIGBCM), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina
| | - Alfredo O Mendiz
- Hospital Universitario de la Fundación Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alberto J Crottogini
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa Cardiovascular, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional, Trasplante y Bioingeniería (IMETTYB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luis A Cuniberti
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa Cardiovascular, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional, Trasplante y Bioingeniería (IMETTYB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernanda D Olea
- Laboratorio de Medicina Regenerativa Cardiovascular, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional, Trasplante y Bioingeniería (IMETTYB), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Favaloro, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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28
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CRISPR interference-mediated noggin knockdown promotes BMP2-induced osteogenesis and calvarial bone healing. Biomaterials 2020; 252:120094. [PMID: 32422495 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Healing of large calvarial bone defects remains a challenging task in the clinical setting. Although BMP2 (bone morphogenetic protein 2) is a potent growth factor that can induce bone repair, BMP2 provokes the expression of antagonist Noggin that self-restricts its bioactivity. CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) is a technology for programmable gene suppression but its application in regenerative medicine is still in its infancy. We reasoned that Nog inhibition, concurrent with BMP2 overexpression, can promote the osteogenesis of adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) and improve calvarial bone healing. We designed and exploited a hybrid baculovirus (BV) system for the delivery of BMP2 gene and CRISPRi system targeting Nog. After BV-mediated co-delivery into ASC, the system conferred prolonged BMP2 expression and stimulated Nog expression while the CRISPRi system effectively repressed Nog upregulation for at least 14 days. The CRISPRi-mediated Nog knockdown, along with BMP2 overexpression, additively stimulated the osteogenic differentiation of ASC. Implantation of the CRISPRi-engineered ASC into the critical size defects at the calvaria significantly enhanced the calvarial bone healing and matrix mineralization. These data altogether implicate the potentials of CRISPRi-mediated gene knockdown for cell fate regulation and tissue regeneration.
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29
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Kim GB, Shon OJ. Current perspectives in stem cell therapies for osteoarthritis of the knee. Yeungnam Univ J Med 2020; 37:149-158. [PMID: 32279478 PMCID: PMC7384917 DOI: 10.12701/yujm.2020.00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are emerging as an attractive option for osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee joint, due to their marked disease-modifying ability and chondrogenic potential. MSCs can be isolated from various organ tissues, such as bone marrow, adipose tissue, synovium, umbilical cord blood, and articular cartilage with similar phenotypic characteristics but different proliferation and differentiation potentials. They can be differentiated into a variety of connective tissues such as bone, adipose tissue, cartilage, intervertebral discs, ligaments, and muscles. Although several studies have reported on the clinical efficacy of MSCs in knee OA, the results lack consistency. Furthermore, there is no consensus regarding the proper cell dosage and application method to achieve the optimal effect of stem cells. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to review the characteristics of various type of stem cells in knee OA, especially MSCs. Moreover, we summarize the clinical issues faced during the application of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Beom Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Oog-Jin Shon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Wang Z, Li M, Ji Y, Yang M, Yang W, Wang J, Li W. Development of a novel bivalent baculovirus vectors for complement resistance and sustained transgene expression and its application in anti-angiogenesis gene therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 123:109765. [PMID: 31846843 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Baculovirus (BV) is a potential gene delivery vector but only mediates transient transgene expression and easily inactivated by human complement. To this end, we intend to develop a novel bivalent BV vector for complement resistance and sustained transgene expression, and evaluate its effect in anti-angiogenesis gene therapy. The results showed that the hybrid bivalent BV significantly prolonged the expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) in vitro for at least 90 days at over 109 a.u. total fluorescence intensity, and exhibited significantly higher complement resistance. The control BV-mediated eGFP expression gradually declined within 15 days and showed lower transduction efficiency. In vivo studies confirmed that the hybrid bivalent BV exhibited longer duration of eGFP expression and higher transduction efficacy than the control BVs. Based on these findings, we further constructed a hybrid BV expressing the antiangiogenic fusion protein containing human endostatin and angiostatin (hEA). The hybrid BV-expressed hEA significantly prolonged the expression level of hEA with enhanced anti-angiogenic activities compared to the control groups, as evidenced by ELISA, cell proliferation, migration and tubular formation assays. With the stable expression of hEA, the hybrid BV conferred hEA more significant inhibitory effect on hepatocellular carcinoma tumor growth and significantly extended the life span of mice. These data implicate that the SB-based BV surface display system may have broad prospects as a novel platform for gene therapy of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhisheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004, PR China; Laboratory Animal Center, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004, PR China.
| | - Mengting Li
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004, PR China
| | - Yonggan Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004, PR China
| | - Mengmeng Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004, PR China
| | - Wen Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004, PR China
| | - Jinbao Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, 518110, PR China.
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31
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Hsu MN, Huang KL, Yu FJ, Lai PL, Truong AV, Lin MW, Nguyen NTK, Shen CC, Hwang SM, Chang YH, Hu YC. Coactivation of Endogenous Wnt10b and Foxc2 by CRISPR Activation Enhances BMSC Osteogenesis and Promotes Calvarial Bone Regeneration. Mol Ther 2019; 28:441-451. [PMID: 31882321 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) is a burgeoning technology for programmable gene activation, but its potential for tissue regeneration has yet to be fully explored. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can differentiate into osteogenic or adipogenic pathways, which are governed by the Wnt (Wingless-related integration site) signaling cascade. To promote BMSC differentiation toward osteogenesis and improve calvarial bone healing by BMSCs, we harnessed a highly efficient hybrid baculovirus vector for gene delivery and exploited a synergistic activation mediator (SAM)-based CRISPRa system to activate Wnt10b (that triggers the canonical Wnt pathway) and forkhead c2 (Foxc2) (that elicits the noncanonical Wnt pathway) in BMSCs. We constructed a Bac-CRISPRa vector to deliver the SAM-based CRISPRa system into rat BMSCs. We showed that Bac-CRISPRa enabled CRISPRa delivery and potently activated endogenous Wnt10b and Foxc2 expression in BMSCs for >14 days. Activation of Wnt10b or Foxc2 alone was sufficient to promote osteogenesis and repress adipogenesis in vitro. Furthermore, the robust and prolonged coactivation of both Wnt10b and Foxc2 additively enhanced osteogenic differentiation while inhibiting adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs. The CRISPRa-engineered BMSCs with activated Wnt10b and Foxc2 remarkably improved the calvarial bone healing after implantation into the critical-sized calvarial defects in rats. These data implicate the potentials of CRISPRa technology for bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Nung Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Lun Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Jen Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Po-Liang Lai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan; Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan
| | - Anh Vu Truong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Wei Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | | | - Chih-Che Shen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shiaw-Min Hwang
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Han Chang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chen Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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32
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CRISPR technologies for stem cell engineering and regenerative medicine. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107447. [PMID: 31513841 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas9 system exploits the concerted action of Cas9 nuclease and programmable single guide RNA (sgRNA), and has been widely used for genome editing. The Cas9 nuclease activity can be abolished by mutation to yield the catalytically deactivated Cas9 (dCas9). Coupling with the customizable sgRNA for targeting, dCas9 can be fused with transcription repressors to inhibit specific gene expression (CRISPR interference, CRISPRi) or fused with transcription activators to activate the expression of gene of interest (CRISPR activation, CRISPRa). Here we introduce the principles and recent advances of these CRISPR technologies, their delivery vectors and review their applications in stem cell engineering and regenerative medicine. In particular, we focus on in vitro stem cell fate manipulation and in vivo applications such as prevention of retinal and muscular degeneration, neural regeneration, bone regeneration, cartilage tissue engineering, as well as treatment of diseases in blood, skin and liver. Finally, the challenges to translate CRISPR to regenerative medicine and future perspectives are discussed and proposed.
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Pazmiño-Ibarra V, Mengual-Martí A, Targovnik AM, Herrero S. Improvement of baculovirus as protein expression vector and as biopesticide by CRISPR/Cas9 editing. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:2823-2833. [PMID: 31403180 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) system-associated Cas9 endonuclease is a molecular tool that enables specific sequence editing with high efficiency. In this study, we have explored the use of CRISPR/Cas9 system for the engineering of baculovirus. We have shown that the delivering of Cas9-single guide RNA ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex with or without DNA repair template into Sf21 insect cells through lipofection might be efficient to produce knockouts as well as knock-ins into the baculovirus. To evaluate potential application of our CRISPR/Cas9 method to improve baculovirus as protein expression vector and as biopesticide, we attempted to knockout several genes from a recombinant AcMNPV form used in the baculovirus expression system as well as in a natural occurring viral isolate from the same virus. We have additionally confirmed the adaptation of this methodology for the generation of viral knock-ins in specific regions of the viral genome. Analysis of the generated mutants revealed that the editing efficiency and the type of changes was variable but relatively high. Depending on the targeted gene, the editing rate ranged from 10% to 40%. This study established the first report revealing the potential of CRISPR/Cas9 for genome editing in baculovirus, contributing to the engineering of baculovirus as a protein expression vector as well as a biological control agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Pazmiño-Ibarra
- Department of Genetics and Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnologia i Biomedicina (ERI-BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Adrià Mengual-Martí
- Department of Genetics and Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnologia i Biomedicina (ERI-BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alexandra Marisa Targovnik
- Department of Genetics and Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnologia i Biomedicina (ERI-BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Nanobiotecnología (NANOBIOTEC), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Salvador Herrero
- Department of Genetics and Estructura de Recerca Interdisciplinar en Biotecnologia i Biomedicina (ERI-BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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Hsu MN, Liao HT, Truong VA, Huang KL, Yu FJ, Chen HH, Nguyen TKN, Makarevich P, Parfyonova Y, Hu YC. CRISPR-based Activation of Endogenous Neurotrophic Genes in Adipose Stem Cell Sheets to Stimulate Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. Theranostics 2019; 9:6099-6111. [PMID: 31534539 PMCID: PMC6735509 DOI: 10.7150/thno.36790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Peripheral nerve regeneration requires coordinated functions of neurotrophic factors and neuronal cells. CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) is a powerful tool that exploits inactive Cas9 (dCas9), single guide RNA (sgRNA) and transcription activator for gene activation, but has yet to be harnessed for tissue regeneration. Methods: We developed a hybrid baculovirus (BV) vector to harbor and deliver the CRISPRa system for multiplexed activation of 3 neurotrophic factor genes (BDNF, GDNF and NGF). The hybrid BV was used to transduce rat adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) and functionalize the ASC sheets. We further implanted the ASC sheets into sciatic nerve injury sites in rats. Results: Transduction of rat ASC with the hybrid BV vector enabled robust, simultaneous and prolonged activation of the 3 neurotrophic factors for at least 21 days. The CRISPRa-engineered ASC sheets were able to promote Schwann cell (SC) migration, neuron proliferation and neurite outgrowth in vitro. The CRISPRa-engineered ASC sheets further enhanced in vivo functional recovery, nerve reinnervation, axon regeneration and remyelination. Conclusion: These data collectively implicated the potentials of the hybrid BV-delivered CRISPRa system for multiplexed activation of endogenous neurotrophic factor genes in ASC sheets to promote peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Nung Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 300
| | - Han-Tsung Liao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Craniofacial Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan, 333
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, 333
- Department of Plastic surgery, Xiamen Chang Gung hospital, China 361028
| | - Vu Anh Truong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 300
| | - Kai-Lun Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 300
| | - Fu-Jen Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 300
| | - Hwei-Hsien Chen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, 350
| | - Thi Kieu Nuong Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 300
| | - Pavel Makarevich
- Laboratory of Gene and Cell Therapy, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia 119192
| | - Yelena Parfyonova
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis, National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia 121152
- Laboratory of Postgenomic Technologies in Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia 119192
| | - Yu-Chen Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 300
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 300
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Zha S, Li Z, Chen C, Du Z, Tay JCK, Wang S. Beta-2 microglobulin knockout K562 cell-based artificial antigen presenting cells for ex vivo expansion of T lymphocytes. Immunotherapy 2019; 11:967-982. [DOI: 10.2217/imt-2018-0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The human K562 leukemia cell line as a scaffold of artificial antigen presenting cells (aAPCs) for ex vivo lymphocyte expansion does not usually express major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. However, when stimulated by supernatants from human T lymphocyte cultures, K562 cells upregulate β-2 microglobulin (B2M) and MHC class I expression, which would induce allo-specific T cells. Methods: We disrupted the B2M locus in K562 cells by CRISPR/Cas9 and achieved MHC class I-negative K562 cells. Results: We further generated K562-based MHC class I-negative aAPC line by zinc-finger nuclease mediated insertion of costimulatory molecules into the AAVS1 locus. This aAPC line could attenuate allogeneic immune responses but support robust antigen-independent and CD19 antigen-specific chimeric antigen receptor-T cell expansion in vitro. Conclusion: B2M-knockout K562 cells provide a new scaffold for aAPC construction and broader application in adoptive immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijun Zha
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543
| | - Zhendong Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543
| | - Can Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543
| | - Zhicheng Du
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543
| | - Johan Chin-Kang Tay
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543
- Institute of Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, Singapore 138669
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Truong VA, Hsu MN, Kieu Nguyen NT, Lin MW, Shen CC, Lin CY, Hu YC. CRISPRai for simultaneous gene activation and inhibition to promote stem cell chondrogenesis and calvarial bone regeneration. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:e74. [PMID: 30997496 PMCID: PMC6648329 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Calvarial bone healing remains difficult but may be improved by stimulating chondrogenesis of implanted stem cells. To simultaneously promote chondrogenesis and repress adipogenesis of stem cells, we built a CRISPRai system that comprised inactive Cas9 (dCas9), two fusion proteins as activation/repression complexes and two single guide RNA (sgRNA) as scaffolds for recruiting activator (sgRNAa) or inhibitor (sgRNAi). By plasmid transfection and co-expression in CHO cells, we validated that dCas9 coordinated with sgRNAa to recruit the activator for mCherry activation and also orchestrated with sgRNAi to recruit the repressor for d2EGFP inhibition, without cross interference. After changing the sgRNA sequence to target endogenous Sox9/PPAR-γ, we packaged the entire CRISPRai system into an all-in-one baculovirus for efficient delivery into rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSC) and verified simultaneous Sox9 activation and PPAR-γ repression. The activation/inhibition effects were further enhanced/prolonged by using the Cre/loxP-based hybrid baculovirus. The CRISPRai system delivered by the hybrid baculovirus stimulated chondrogenesis and repressed adipogenesis of rBMSC in 2D culture and promoted the formation of engineered cartilage in 3D culture. Importantly, implantation of the rBMSC engineered by the CRISPRai improved calvarial bone healing. This study paves a new avenue to translate the CRISPRai technology to regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vu Anh Truong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Nung Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Nuong Thi Kieu Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Wei Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Che Shen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Yu Lin
- Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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The response of newly established cell lines of Spodoptera littoralis to group I and group II baculoviruses. Cytotechnology 2019; 71:723-731. [PMID: 31069609 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-019-00317-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) and Spodoptera littoralis multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpliMNPV) belong to group I and group II nucleopolyhedroviruses, respectively and can replicate in a wide range of insect species. In this study, the ability of newly established S. littoralis cell lines to support replication of AcMNPV and SpliMNPV was examined. The microscopic observations showed that the S. littoralis cells infected with AcMNPV exhibited morphological changes such as cells breaking into small bodies and forming apoptosis-like bodies post-infection. Nuclear DNA fragmentation was observed in all AcMNPV-infected cell lines through DNA gel electrophoresis analysis. Therefore, the virus replication was unsuccessful in most of cells, which were able to abort the virus replication. On the other hand, cells that were infected with SpliMNPV did not show similar morphological changes and no small bodies were formed. In addition, SpliMNPV succeeded to infect the cells, replicate, and form viral occlusion bodies inside the infected cells. In suspension culture, S. littoralis cells, which were infected with AcMNPV, accumulated as composed balls in shaker flasks after infection overnight, with cell density decreasing dramatically. In contrast, there was no cell clumping seen in the infected cells with SpliMNPV and the uninfected cells. In conclusion, the newly established embryonic S. littoralis cells were highly susceptible to SpliMNPV, whereas the cells were non-permissive to AcMNPV, yet they still underwent programmed cell death.
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Zhu J, Hatton D. New Mammalian Expression Systems. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 165:9-50. [PMID: 28585079 DOI: 10.1007/10_2016_55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There are an increasing number of recombinant antibodies and proteins in preclinical and clinical development for therapeutic applications. Mammalian expression systems are key to enabling the production of these molecules, and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell platforms continue to be central to delivery of the stable cell lines required for large-scale production. Increasing pressure on timelines and efficiency, further innovation of molecular formats and the shift to new production systems are driving developments of these CHO cell line platforms. The availability of genome and transcriptome data coupled with advancing gene editing tools are increasing the ability to design and engineer CHO cell lines to meet these challenges. This chapter aims to give an overview of the developments in CHO expression systems and some of the associated technologies over the past few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhu
- MedImmune, One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Diane Hatton
- MedImmune, Milstein Building, Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GH, UK.
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Wei SC, Tsai CH, Hsu WT, Chao YC. Baculovirus IE2 Interacts with Viral DNA through Daxx To Generate an Organized Nuclear Body Structure for Gene Activation in Vero Cells. J Virol 2019; 93:e00149-19. [PMID: 30728268 PMCID: PMC6450129 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00149-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon virus infection of a cell, the uncoated DNA is usually blocked by the host intrinsic immune system inside the nucleus. Although it is crucial for the virus to counteract the host intrinsic immune system and access its genome, little is known about how viruses can knock down host restriction and identify their blocked genomes for later viral gene activation and replication. We found that upon baculovirus transduction into Vero E6 cells, the invading viral DNA is trapped by the cellular death domain-associated protein (Daxx) and histone H3.3 in the nucleus, resulting in gene inactivation. IE2, a baculovirus transactivator, targets host Daxx through IE2 SUMO-interacting motifs (SIMs) to indirectly access viral DNA and forms unique nuclear body structures, which we term clathrate cage-like apparatus (CCLAs), at the early transduction stage. At the later transduction stage, CCLAs gradually enlarge, and IE2 continues to closely interact with viral DNA but no longer associates with Daxx. The association with Daxx is essential for IE2 CCLA formation, and the enlarged CCLAs are capable of transactivating viral but not chromosomal DNA of Vero E6 cells. Our study reveals that baculovirus IE2 counteracts the cellular intrinsic immune system by specifically targeting Daxx and H3.3 to associate with viral DNA indirectly and efficiently. IE2 then utilizes this association with viral DNA to establish a unique CCLA cellular nanomachinery, which is visible under light microscopy as an enclosed environment for proper viral gene expression.IMPORTANCE The major breakthrough of this work is that viral protein IE2 localizes and transactivates its own viral DNA through a most unlikely route, i.e., host proteins Daxx and H3.3, which are designed to efficiently restrict viral DNA from expression. By interacting with these host intrinsic immune factors, IE2 can thus target the viral DNA and then form a unique spherical nuclear body, which we name the CCLA, to enclose the viral DNA and necessary factors to assist in high-level transactivation. Our study represents one of the most complete investigations of nuclear body formation. In addition, so far only RNA or protein molecules have been reported as potential nucleators for initiating nuclear body formation; our study may represent the first example showing that DNA can be a nucleator for a new class of nuclear body formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Chan Wei
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Hsuan Tsai
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, National Defense Medical Center and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wei-Ting Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Chan Chao
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, National Defense Medical Center and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Hodgson JJ, Buchon N, Blissard GW. Identification of insect genes involved in baculovirus AcMNPV entry into insect cells. Virology 2019; 527:1-11. [PMID: 30445201 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2018.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The baculovirus Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) is a model enveloped DNA virus that infects and replicates in lepidopteran insect cells, and can efficiently enter a wide variety of non-host cells. Budded virions of AcMNPV enter cells by endocytosis and traffic to the nucleus where the virus initiates gene expression and genome replication. While trafficking of nucleocapsids by actin propulsion has been studied in detail, other important components of trafficking during entry remain poorly understood. We used a recombinant AcMNPV virus expressing an EGFP reporter in combination with an RNAi screen in Drosophila DL1 cells, to identify host proteins involved in AcMNPV entry. The RNAi screen targeted 86 genes involved in vesicular trafficking, including genes coding for VPS and ESCRT proteins, Rab GTPases, Exocyst proteins, and Clathrin adaptor proteins. We identified 24 genes required for efficient virus entry and reporter expression, and 4 genes that appear to restrict virus entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J Hodgson
- Boyce Thompson Institute at Cornell University, Tower Road, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Nicolas Buchon
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Gary W Blissard
- Boyce Thompson Institute at Cornell University, Tower Road, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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Pan Y, Lv J, Pan D, Xu Y, Yang M, Ju H, Zhou J, Zhu L, Zhao Q, Zhang Y. Evaluating the utility of human glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor gene as a novel radionuclide reporter gene: a promising molecular imaging tool. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 103:1311-1324. [PMID: 30560451 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9562-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Radiolabelled ligands of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) have been used to image the GLP-1R-expressing tissues (e.g., islets and insulinoma). Here, we introduced human glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (hglp-1r) gene as a novel radionuclide reporter gene to broaden its applications in molecular imaging in vivo. Transient and stable baculoviral vectors (BV) were re-constructed and used to transfer the hglp-1r gene or enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) reporter gene into the stem cells or tumor cells. Cell proliferation assay and flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that BV-mediated reporter gene transferring and expression was biosafe and highly efficient. The BV-mediated exogenous hGLP-1R in target cells showed same ligand-receptor binding characteristics compared with its counterpart in insulinoma cells. Furthermore, the ligand-receptor binding assay showed a high affinity (IC50 = 0.3708 nM) and robust correlation (R2 = 0.9264) between the fluorescein-tagged or radiolabeled ligand probes and exogenous hGLP-1R in target cells. The target cells transferred with BV-mediated hGLP-1R could be clearly visualized in nude mice by micro-PET, which was capable of the purposes of short-term tracking transplanted stem cells or long-term monitoring tumor formation. Then, the image-based analysis and bio-distribution analysis quantitatively confirmed high target-to-background ratio of hGLP-1R-expressing cells. This study also investigated the endogenous GLP-1R-expressing organs/tissues in nude mice in the hGLP-1R radionuclide reporter gene imaging. Summarily, we evaluated the utility of hglp-1r gene as a novel radionuclide reporter gene, and demonstrated that it was a favorable and promising candidate of molecular imaging tool, which would expand the spectrum of radionuclide reporter gene imaging systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Lv
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Donghui Pan
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Yang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijun Ju
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxin Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Liying Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197, Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.
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Baculovirus as an efficient vector for gene delivery into mosquitoes. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17778. [PMID: 30542209 PMCID: PMC6290771 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35463-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient gene delivery technologies play an essential role in the gene functional analyses that are necessary for basic and applied researches. Mosquitoes are ubiquitous insects, responsible for transmitting many deadly arboviruses causing millions of human deaths every year. The lack of efficient and flexible gene delivery strategies in mosquitoes are among the major hurdles for the study of mosquito biology and mosquito-pathogen interactions. We found that Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV), the type baculovirus species, can efficiently transduce mosquito cells without viral propagation, allowing high level gene expression upon inducement by suitable promoters without obvious negative effects on cell propagation and viability. AcMNPV transduces into several mosquito cell types, efficiently than in commonly used mammalian cell lines and classical plasmid DNA transfection approaches. We demonstrated the application of this system by expressing influenza virus neuraminidase (NA) into mosquito hosts. Moreover, AcMNPV can transduce both larvae and adults of essentially all blood-sucking mosquito genera, resulting in bright fluorescence in insect bodies with little or no tissue barriers. Our experiments establish baculovirus as a convenient and powerful gene delivery vector in vitro and in vivo that will greatly benefit research into mosquito gene regulation, development and the study of mosquito-borne viruses.
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Spatial control of in vivo CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing via nanomagnets. Nat Biomed Eng 2018; 3:126-136. [PMID: 30944431 PMCID: PMC6450418 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-018-0318-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The potential of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR associated protein 9 (Cas9)-based therapeutic genome editing is hampered by difficulties in the control of the in vivo activity of CRISPR-Cas9. To minimize any genotoxicity, precise activation of CRISPR-Cas9 in the target tissue is desirable. Here, we show that, by complexing magnetic nanoparticles with recombinant baculoviral vectors (MNP-BVs), CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome editing can be activated locally in vivo via a magnetic field. The baculoviral vector was chosen for in vivo gene delivery because of its large loading capacity and ability to locally overcome systemic inactivation by the complement system. We demonstrate that a locally applied magnetic field can enhance the cellular entry of MNP-BVs, thereby avoiding baculoviral vector inactivation and causing a transient transgene expression in the target tissue. Because baculoviral vectors are inactivated elsewhere, gene delivery and in vivo genome editing via MNP-BVs are tissue specific.
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Trianti I, Akeprathumchai S, Mekvichitsaeng P, Rachdawong S, Poomputsa K. Recombinant neuraminidase pseudotyped baculovirus: a dual vector for delivery of Angiotensin II peptides and DNA vaccine. AMB Express 2018; 8:170. [PMID: 30328017 PMCID: PMC6191402 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0699-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Baculovirus is a promising vaccine deliver vector due to its biosafety profiles, gene transfer efficiency, ability to display small foreign antigens on its surface, strong adjuvant activities, etc. A dual vector for peptide antigens and a DNA vaccine delivery was constructed. In this vector, a tetrameric glycoprotein neuraminidase (NA) from influenza A virus (H5N1) serves as a baculovirus surface protein to improve baculovirus transduction efficiency and a partner for displaying the target peptide antigen. Nucleotides encoding target peptides could be fused to a full length NA gene, at the lower part of its head structure, integrated into Autographa californica multinucleopolyhedrovirus genome and expressed under the control of a White Spot Syndrome Virus IE-1 shuttle promoter. Angiotensin II (AngII) peptides, a potent vasoconstrictor that causes high blood pressure, was our target antigen. The recombinant NA-AngII pseudotyped baculovirus had the AngII peptides fused to the NA and displayed on its surface. In vitro studies revealed that this recombinant baculovirus successfully delivered AngII peptides, as DNA vaccine, into human HEK293A cells. A single subcutaneous injection of the recombinant NA-AngII pseudotyped baculovirus into moderately high blood pressure rats at 4 × 109 pfu/rat, stimulated anti-AngII antibody production and their systolic blood pressure (SBP) levels were found to have decreased. In addition, a single intranasal immunization at 8 × 108 pfu/rat, raised anti-AngII antibodies in a rat and its SBP was also reduced. The recombinant neuraminidase pseudotyped baculovirus is a potential vector for AngII peptide antigen and DNA vaccine for subcutaneous or intranasal immunization for treatment of hypertension.
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Anti-tumor activity of Escherichia coli Shiga toxin A subunit delivered by SF9 insect cells. J Pharmacol Sci 2018; 138:71-75. [PMID: 30293960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a major health problem around the world. A Shiga toxin is a bacterial toxin often produced by Shigella dysenteriae and Escherichia coli. A subunit of the Shiga toxin (StxA) is a cytotoxic agent which could be used to induce death in cancer cells. StxA expressed from baculovirus was evaluated in a pTriEx™ expression vector. The baculovirus vector was used for the A subunit delivery of StxA. StxA cell cytotoxicity was induced by the virus and assessed in the MCF7 and HeLa cell lines. In addition, the breast cancer cytotoxicity of the expressed StxA was also assessed in a cancer induced in mice. The cytotoxicity of the recombinant StxA baculovirus with different multiplicities of infection (MOI) was measured. The results showed that significant cytotoxicity can be induced on the mammalian epithelial breast cancer cell lines, MCF7 and HeLa cells with MOI ≥ 2. The results also showed that a malignant tumor induced by MCF7 could be inhibited in a mouse cancer model. Therefore, it can be concluded that StxA, expressed by baculovirus, could be used for in vitro and in vivo gene delivery. In this study StxA, delivered by the baculovirus inhibited cell proliferation, and eliminated HeLa and MCF7 cells, in vitro. In conclusion, this method can be used as a safe alternative for anticancer drug delivery inside cancer cells.
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Lin CW, Cheng MC, Lin SY, Hung SH, Jhang SY, Chang CW, Chang PC, Hu YC. Hybrid baculovirus-mediated prolonged hemagglutinin expression and secretion in vivo enhances the vaccine efficacy. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2018.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lin MW, Tseng YW, Shen CC, Hsu MN, Hwu JR, Chang CW, Yeh CJ, Chou MY, Wu JC, Hu YC. Synthetic switch-based baculovirus for transgene expression control and selective killing of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2018; 46:e93. [PMID: 29905834 PMCID: PMC6125686 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Baculovirus (BV) holds promise as a vector for anticancer gene delivery to combat the most common liver cancer-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, in vivo BV administration inevitably results in BV entry into non-HCC normal cells, leaky anticancer gene expression and possible toxicity. To improve the safety, we employed synthetic biology to engineer BV for transgene expression regulation. We first uncovered that miR-196a and miR-126 are exclusively expressed in HCC and normal cells, respectively, which allowed us to engineer a sensor based on distinct miRNA expression signature. We next assembled a synthetic switch by coupling the miRNA sensor and RNA binding protein L7Ae for translational repression, and incorporated the entire device into a single BV. The recombinant BV efficiently entered HCC and normal cells and enabled cis-acting transgene expression control, by turning OFF transgene expression in normal cells while switching ON transgene expression in HCC cells. Using pro-apoptotic hBax as the transgene, the switch-based BV selectively killed HCC cells in separate culture and mixed culture of HCC and normal cells. These data demonstrate the potential of synthetic switch-based BV to distinguish HCC and non-HCC normal cells for selective transgene expression control and killing of HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Wei Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Wen Tseng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Che Shen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Nung Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Ru Hwu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Wei Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ju Yeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Min-Yuan Chou
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Jaw-Ching Wu
- Medical Research Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Saxena A, Byram PK, Singh SK, Chakraborty J, Murhammer D, Giri L. A structured review of baculovirus infection process: integration of mathematical models and biomolecular information on cell–virus interaction. J Gen Virol 2018; 99:1151-1171. [DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Abha Saxena
- 1Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Chemical Engineering, Village Kandi, Sangareddy, Hyderabad, Telangana 502205, India
| | - Prasanna Kumar Byram
- 1Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Chemical Engineering, Village Kandi, Sangareddy, Hyderabad, Telangana 502205, India
| | - Suraj Kumar Singh
- 1Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Chemical Engineering, Village Kandi, Sangareddy, Hyderabad, Telangana 502205, India
| | - Jayanta Chakraborty
- 2Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Chemical Engineering, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - David Murhammer
- 3The University of Iowa, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Iowa City, IA 52242-1527, USA
| | - Lopamudra Giri
- 1Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Chemical Engineering, Village Kandi, Sangareddy, Hyderabad, Telangana 502205, India
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Yee CM, Zak AJ, Hill BD, Wen F. The Coming Age of Insect Cells for Manufacturing and Development of Protein Therapeutics. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018; 57:10061-10070. [PMID: 30886455 PMCID: PMC6420222 DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b00985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Protein therapeutics is a rapidly growing segment of the pharmaceutical market. Currently, the majority of protein therapeutics are manufactured in mammalian cells for their ability to generate safe and efficacious human-like glycoproteins. The high cost of using mammalian cells for manufacturing has motivated a constant search for alternative host platforms. Insect cells have begun to emerge as a promising candidate, largely due to the development of the baculovirus expression vector system. While there are continuing efforts to improve insect-baculovirus expression for producing protein therapeutics, key limitations including cell lysis and the lack of homogeneous humanized glycosylation still remain. The field has started to see a movement toward virus-less gene expression approaches, notably the use of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats to address these shortcomings. This review highlights recent technological advances that are realizing the transformative potential of insect cells for the manufacturing and development of protein therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M. Yee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor,
Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Andrew J. Zak
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor,
Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Brett D. Hill
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor,
Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Fei Wen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor,
Michigan 48109, United States
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