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Cunha Silva L, Branco F, Cunha J, Vitorino C, Gomes C, Carrascal MA, Falcão A, Miguel Neves B, Teresa Cruz M. The potential of exosomes as a new therapeutic strategy for glioblastoma. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 203:114460. [PMID: 39218361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) stands for the most common and aggressive type of brain tumour in adults. It is highly invasive, which explains its short rate of survival. Little is known about its risk factors, and current therapy is still ineffective. Hence, efforts are underway to develop novel and effective treatment approaches against this type of cancer. Exosomes are being explored as a promising strategy for conveying and delivering therapeutic cargo to GBM cells. They can fuse with the GBM cell membrane and, consequently, serve as delivery systems in this context. Due to their nanoscale size, exosomes can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which constitutes a significant hurdle to most chemotherapeutic drugs used against GBM. They can subsequently inhibit oncogenes, activate tumour suppressor genes, induce immune responses, and control cell growth. However, despite representing a promising tool for the treatment of GBM, further research and clinical studies regarding exosome biology, engineering, and clinical applications still need to be completed. Here, we sought to review the application of exosomes in the treatment of GBM through an in-depth analysis of the scientific and clinical studies on the entire process, from the isolation and purification of exosomes to their design and transformation into anti-oncogenic drug delivery systems. Surface modification of exosomes to enhance BBB penetration and GBM-cell targeting is also a topic of discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Cunha Silva
- Faculty of Pharmacy, FFUC, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-548, Portugal
| | - Francisco Branco
- Faculty of Pharmacy, FFUC, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-548, Portugal
| | - Joana Cunha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, FFUC, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-548, Portugal
| | - Carla Vitorino
- Faculty of Pharmacy, FFUC, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-548, Portugal; Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Institute of Molecular Sciences - IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3004 535, Portugal
| | - Célia Gomes
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, iCBR, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-548, Portugal; Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology, CIBB, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-504, Portugal
| | - Mylène A Carrascal
- Tecnimede Group, Sintra 2710-089, Portugal; Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CNC, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3004-504, Portugal
| | - Amílcar Falcão
- Faculty of Pharmacy, FFUC, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-548, Portugal; Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, CIBIT, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-548, Portugal
| | - Bruno Miguel Neves
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine, iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Maria Teresa Cruz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, FFUC, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-548, Portugal; Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, iCBR, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-548, Portugal; Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CNC, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3004-504, Portugal.
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Rasouli A, Roshangar L, Hosseini M, Pourmohammadfazel A, Nikzad S. Beyond boundaries: The therapeutic potential of exosomes in neural microenvironments in neurological disorders. Neuroscience 2024; 553:98-109. [PMID: 38964450 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Neurological disorders are a diverse group of conditions that can significantly impact individuals' quality of life. The maintenance of neural microenvironment homeostasis is essential for optimal physiological cellular processes. Perturbations in this delicate balance underlie various pathological manifestations observed across various neurological disorders. Current treatments for neurological disorders face substantial challenges, primarily due to the formidable blood-brain barrier and the intricate nature of neural tissue structures. These obstacles have resulted in a paucity of effective therapies and inefficiencies in patient care. Exosomes, nanoscale vesicles that contain a complex repertoire of biomolecules, are identifiable in various bodily fluids. They hold substantial promise in numerous therapeutic interventions due to their unique attributes, including targeted drug delivery mechanisms and the ability to cross the BBB, thereby enhancing their therapeutic potential. In this review, we investigate the therapeutic potential of exosomes across a range of neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative disorders, traumatic brain injury, peripheral nerve injury, brain tumors, and stroke. Through both in vitro and in vivo studies, our findings underscore the beneficial influence of exosomes in enhancing the neural microenvironment following neurological diseases, offering promise for improved neural recovery and management in these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arefe Rasouli
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Roshangar
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mohammadbagher Hosseini
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Pourmohammadfazel
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Chen WF, Chuang JMJ, Yang SN, Chen NF, Bhattacharya M, Liu HT, Dhama K, Chakraborty C, Wen ZH. Gene expression profiling and the isocitrate dehydrogenase mutational landscape of temozolomide‑resistant glioblastoma. Oncol Lett 2024; 28:378. [PMID: 38939621 PMCID: PMC11209862 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain cancer that occurs more frequently than other brain tumors. The present study aimed to reveal a novel mechanism of temozolomide resistance in GBM using bioinformatics and wet lab analyses, including meta-Z analysis, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network establishment, cluster analysis of co-expressed gene networks, and hierarchical clustering of upregulated and downregulated genes. Next-generation sequencing and quantitative PCR analyses revealed downregulated [tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin and epidermal growth factor homology domains 1 (TIE1), calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit α2Δ1 (CACNA2D1), calpain 6 (CAPN6) and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 6 (ADAMTS6)] and upregulated [serum amyloid (SA)A1, SAA2, growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) and ubiquitin specific peptidase 26 (USP26)] genes. Different statistical models were developed for these genes using the Z-score for P-value conversion, and Kaplan-Meier plots were constructed using several patient cohorts with brain tumors. The highest number of nodes was observed in the PPI network was for ADAMTS6 and TIE1. The PPI network model for all genes contained 35 nodes and 241 edges. Immunohistochemical staining was performed using isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wild-type or IDH-mutant GBM samples from patients and a significant upregulation of TIE1 (P<0.001) and CAPN6 (P<0.05) protein expression was demonstrated in IDH-mutant GBM in comparison with IDH-wild-type GBM. Structural analysis revealed an IDH-mutant model demonstrating the mutant residues (R132, R140 and R172). The findings of the present study will help the future development of novel biomarkers and therapeutics for brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Fu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jimmy Ming-Jung Chuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - San-Nan Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, E-DA Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medicine I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan, R.O.C
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Nan-Fu Chen
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 80284, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Center for General Education, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833301, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | | | - Hsin-Tzu Liu
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970374, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, Indian Council of Agriculture Research-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - Chiranjib Chakraborty
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Kolkata, West Bengal 700126, India
| | - Zhi-Hong Wen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Xu C, Jiang C, Li Z, Gao H, Xian J, Guo W, He D, Peng X, Zhou D, Li D. Exosome nanovesicles: biomarkers and new strategies for treatment of human diseases. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e660. [PMID: 39015555 PMCID: PMC11247338 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles of cellular origin. One of the main characteristics of exosomes is their ability to carry a wide range of biomolecules from their parental cells, which are important mediators of intercellular communication and play an important role in physiological and pathological processes. Exosomes have the advantages of biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and wide biodistribution. As researchers' understanding of exosomes has increased, various strategies have been proposed for their use in diagnosing and treating diseases. Here, we provide an overview of the biogenesis and composition of exosomes, describe the relationship between exosomes and disease progression, and focus on the use of exosomes as biomarkers for early screening, disease monitoring, and guiding therapy in refractory diseases such as tumors and neurodegenerative diseases. We also summarize the current applications of exosomes, especially engineered exosomes, for efficient drug delivery, targeted therapies, gene therapies, and immune vaccines. Finally, the current challenges and potential research directions for the clinical application of exosomes are also discussed. In conclusion, exosomes, as an emerging molecule that can be used in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, combined with multidisciplinary innovative solutions, will play an important role in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Xu
- Department of OncologyThe General Hospital of Western Theater CommandChengduChina
| | - Chaoyang Jiang
- Department of OncologyThe General Hospital of Western Theater CommandChengduChina
| | - Zhihui Li
- Department of OncologyThe General Hospital of Western Theater CommandChengduChina
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of OncologyThe General Hospital of Western Theater CommandChengduChina
| | - Jing Xian
- Department of OncologyThe General Hospital of Western Theater CommandChengduChina
| | - Wenyan Guo
- Department of OncologyThe General Hospital of Western Theater CommandChengduChina
| | - Dan He
- Department of OncologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical CollegeChina National Nuclear Corporation 416 HospitalChengduSichuanChina
| | - Xingchen Peng
- Department of BiotherapyCancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Daijun Zhou
- Department of OncologyThe General Hospital of Western Theater CommandChengduChina
| | - Dong Li
- Department of OncologyThe General Hospital of Western Theater CommandChengduChina
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5
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Durmaz E, Dribika L, Kutnyanszky M, Mead B. Utilizing extracellular vesicles as a drug delivery system in glaucoma and RGC degeneration. J Control Release 2024; 372:209-220. [PMID: 38880332 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Retinal diseases are the leading cause of blindness, resulting in irreversible degeneration and death of retinal neurons. One such cell type, the retinal ganglion cell (RGC), is responsible for connecting the retina to the rest of the brain through its axons that make up the optic nerve and is the primary cell lost in glaucoma and traumatic optic neuropathy. To date, different therapeutic strategies have been investigated to protect RGCs from death and preserve vision, yet currently available strategies are restricted to treating neuron loss by reducing intraocular pressure. A major barrier identified by these studies is drug delivery to RGCs, which is in large part due to drug stability, short duration time at target, low delivery efficiency, and undesired off-target effects. Therefore, a delivery system to deal with these problems is needed to ensure maximum benefit from the candidate therapeutic material. Extracellular vesicles (EV), nanocarriers released by all cells, are lipid membranes encapsulating RNAs, proteins, and lipids. As they naturally shuttle these encapsulated compounds between cells for communicative purposes, they may be exploitable and offer opportunities to overcome hurdles in retinal drug delivery, including drug stability, drug molecular weight, barriers in the retina, and drug adverse effects. Here, we summarize the potential of an EV drug delivery system, discussing their superiorities and potential application to target RGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmahan Durmaz
- Cardiff University, School of Optometry & Vision Sciences, Cardiff, UK.
| | | | | | - Ben Mead
- Cardiff University, School of Optometry & Vision Sciences, Cardiff, UK.
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Taheri M, Tehrani HA, Dehghani S, Alibolandi M, Arefian E, Ramezani M. Nanotechnology and bioengineering approaches to improve the potency of mesenchymal stem cell as an off-the-shelf versatile tumor delivery vehicle. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:1596-1661. [PMID: 38299924 DOI: 10.1002/med.22023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Targeting actionable mutations in oncogene-driven cancers and the evolution of immuno-oncology are the two prominent revolutions that have influenced cancer treatment paradigms and caused the emergence of precision oncology. However, intertumoral and intratumoral heterogeneity are the main challenges in both fields of precision cancer treatment. In other words, finding a universal marker or pathway in patients suffering from a particular type of cancer is challenging. Therefore, targeting a single hallmark or pathway with a single targeted therapeutic will not be efficient for fighting against tumor heterogeneity. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess favorable characteristics for cellular therapy, including their hypoimmune nature, inherent tumor-tropism property, straightforward isolation, and multilineage differentiation potential. MSCs can be loaded with various chemotherapeutics and oncolytic viruses. The combination of these intrinsic features with the possibility of genetic manipulation makes them a versatile tumor delivery vehicle that can be used for in vivo selective tumor delivery of various chemotherapeutic and biological therapeutics. MSCs can be used as biofactory for the local production of chemical or biological anticancer agents at the tumor site. MSC-mediated immunotherapy could facilitate the sustained release of immunotherapeutic agents specifically at the tumor site, and allow for the achievement of therapeutic concentrations without the need for repetitive systemic administration of high therapeutic doses. Despite the enthusiasm evoked by preclinical studies that used MSC in various cancer therapy approaches, the translation of MSCs into clinical applications has faced serious challenges. This manuscript, with a critical viewpoint, reviewed the preclinical and clinical studies that have evaluated MSCs as a selective tumor delivery tool in various cancer therapy approaches, including gene therapy, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy. Then, the novel nanotechnology and bioengineering approaches that can improve the potency of MSC for tumor targeting and overcoming challenges related to their low localization at the tumor sites are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Taheri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Abdul Tehrani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Dehghani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mona Alibolandi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Arefian
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Pediatric Cell and Gene Therapy Research Center, Gene, Cell & Tissue Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Razavinia A, Razavinia A, Jamshidi Khalife Lou R, Ghavami M, Shahri F, Tafazoli A, Khalesi B, Hashemi ZS, Khalili S. Exosomes as novel tools for renal cell carcinoma therapy, diagnosis, and prognosis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32875. [PMID: 38948044 PMCID: PMC11211897 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) stands as a formidable challenge within the field of oncology, despite considerable research endeavors. The advanced stages of this malignancy present formidable barriers to effective treatment and management. Objective This review aims to explore the potential of exosomes in addressing the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with RCC. Specifically, it investigates the role of exosomes as biomarkers and therapeutic vehicles in the context of RCC management. Methods For this review article, a comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases such as PubMed, employing relevant keywords to identify research articles pertinent to the objectives of the review. Initially, 200 articles were identified, which underwent screening to remove duplicates and assess relevance based on titles and abstracts, followed by a detailed examination of full texts. From the selected articles, relevant data were extracted and synthesized to address the review's objectives. The conclusions were drawn based on a thorough analysis of the findings. The quality was ensured through independent review and resolution of discrepancies among multiple reviewers. Results Exosomes demonstrate potential as diagnostic tools for early detection, prognosis, and treatment monitoring in RCC. Their ability to deliver various therapeutic agents, such as small interfering RNAs, lncRNAs, chemotherapeutic drugs, and immune-stimulating agents, allows for a personalized approach to RCC management. By leveraging exosome-based technologies, precision and efficacy in treatment strategies can be significantly enhanced. Conclusion Despite the promising advancements enabled by exosomes in the management of RCC, further research is necessary to refine exosome-based technologies and validate their efficacy, safety, and long-term benefits through rigorous clinical trials. Embracing exosomes as integral components of RCC diagnosis and treatment represents a significant step towards improving patient outcomes and addressing the persistent challenges posed by this malignancy in the field of oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Razavinia
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abazar Razavinia
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Jamshidi Khalife Lou
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahlegha Ghavami
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Forouzan Shahri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Iran
| | - Aida Tafazoli
- Department of Bacterial and Virology, Shiraz medical school, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bahman Khalesi
- Department of Research and Production of Poultry Viral Vaccine, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj 3197619751, Iran
| | - Zahra Sadat Hashemi
- ATMP Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Khalili
- Department of Biology Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
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Yang Z, Wu H, Wang Z, Bian E, Zhao B. The role and application of small extracellular vesicles in glioma. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:229. [PMID: 38951882 PMCID: PMC11218314 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03389-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are cell-derived, nanometer-sized particles enclosed by a lipid bilayer. All kinds of biological molecules, including proteins, DNA fragments, RNA, lipids, and metabolites, can be selectively loaded into sEVs and transmitted to recipient cells that are near and distant. Growing shreds of evidence show the significant biological function and the clinical significance of sEVs in cancers. Numerous recent studies have validated that sEVs play an important role in tumor progression and can be utilized to diagnose, stage, grading, and monitor early tumors. In addition, sEVs have also served as drug delivery nanocarriers and cancer vaccines. Although it is still infancy, the field of basic and translational research based on sEVs has grown rapidly. In this review, we summarize the latest research on sEVs in gliomas, including their role in the malignant biological function of gliomas, and the potential of sEVs in non-invasive diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, i.e., as nanocarriers for drug or gene delivery and cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - HaoYuan Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - ZhiWei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - ErBao Bian
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China.
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Bing Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China.
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China.
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Gil-Chinchilla JI, Zapata AG, Moraleda JM, García-Bernal D. Bioengineered Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Anti-Cancer Therapy: Current Trends and Future Prospects. Biomolecules 2024; 14:734. [PMID: 39062449 PMCID: PMC11275142 DOI: 10.3390/biom14070734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are one of the most widely used cell types in advanced therapies due to their therapeutic potential in the regulation of tissue repair and homeostasis, and immune modulation. However, their use in cancer therapy is controversial: they can inhibit cancer cell proliferation, but also potentially promote tumour growth by supporting angiogenesis, modulation of the immune milieu and increasing cancer stem cell invasiveness. This opposite behaviour highlights the need for careful and nuanced use of MSCs in cancer treatment. To optimize their anti-cancer effects, diverse strategies have bioengineered MSCs to enhance their tumour targeting and therapeutic properties or to deliver anti-cancer drugs. In this review, we highlight the advanced uses of MSCs in cancer therapy, particularly as carriers of targeted treatments due to their natural tumour-homing capabilities. We also discuss the potential of MSC-derived extracellular vesicles to improve the efficiency of drug or molecule delivery to cancer cells. Ongoing clinical trials are evaluating the therapeutic potential of these cells and setting the stage for future advances in MSC-based cancer treatment. It is critical to identify the broad and potent applications of bioengineered MSCs in solid tumour targeting and anti-cancer agent delivery to position them as effective therapeutics in the evolving field of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús I. Gil-Chinchilla
- Hematopoietic Transplant and Cellular Therapy Unit, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Agustín G. Zapata
- Department of Cell Biology, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jose M. Moraleda
- Hematopoietic Transplant and Cellular Therapy Unit, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain;
- Department of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - David García-Bernal
- Hematopoietic Transplant and Cellular Therapy Unit, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Pascual Parrilla, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain;
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
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Lavi Arab F, Hoseinzadeh A, Hafezi F, Sadat Mohammadi F, Zeynali F, Hadad Tehran M, Rostami A. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes for management of prostate cancer: An updated view. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 134:112171. [PMID: 38701539 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer represents the second most prevalent form of cancer found in males, and stands as the fifth primary contributor to cancer-induced mortality on a global scale. Research has shown that transplanted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can migrate by homing to tumor sites in the body. In prostate cancer, researchers have explored the fact that MSC-based therapies (including genetically modified delivery vehicles or vectors) and MSC-derived exosomes are emerging as attractive options to improve the efficacy and safety of traditional cancer therapies. In addition, researchers have reported new insights into the application of extracellular vesicle (EV)-MSC therapy as a novel treatment option that could provide a more effective and targeted approach to prostate cancer treatment. Moreover, the new generation of exosomes, which contain biologically functional molecules as signal transducers between cells, can simultaneously deliver different therapeutic agents and induce an anti-tumor phenotype in immune cells and their recruitment to the tumor site. The results of the current research on the use of MSCs in the treatment of prostate cancer may be helpful to researchers and clinicians working in this field. Nevertheless, it is crucial to emphasize that although dual-role MSCs show promise as a therapeutic modality for managing prostate cancer, further investigation is imperative to comprehensively grasp their safety and effectiveness. Ongoing clinical trials are being conducted to assess the viability of MSCs in the management of prostate cancer. The results of these trials will help determine the viability of this approach. Based on the current literature, engineered MSCs-EV offer great potential for application in targeted tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Lavi Arab
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Akram Hoseinzadeh
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.; Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hafezi
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadat Mohammadi
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farid Zeynali
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Melika Hadad Tehran
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirreza Rostami
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Stawarska A, Bamburowicz-Klimkowska M, Runden-Pran E, Dusinska M, Cimpan MR, Rios-Mondragon I, Grudzinski IP. Extracellular Vesicles as Next-Generation Diagnostics and Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6533. [PMID: 38928240 PMCID: PMC11204223 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold great promise for clinical application as new diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. This paper describes major GMP-based upstream and downstream manufacturing processes for EV large-scale production, also focusing on post-processing technologies such as surface bioengineering and uploading studies to yield novel EV-based diagnostics and advanced therapy medicinal products. This paper also focuses on the quality, safety, and efficacy issues of the bioengineered EV drug candidates before first-in-human studies. Because clinical trials involving extracellular vesicles are on the global rise, this paper encompasses different clinical studies registered on clinical-trial register platforms, with varying levels of advancement, highlighting the growing interest in EV-related clinical programs. Navigating the regulatory affairs of EVs poses real challenges, and obtaining marketing authorization for EV-based medicines remains complex due to the lack of specific regulatory guidelines for such novel products. This paper discusses the state-of-the-art regulatory knowledge to date on EV-based diagnostics and medicinal products, highlighting further research and global regulatory needs for the safe and reliable implementation of bioengineered EVs as diagnostic and therapeutic tools in clinical settings. Post-marketing pharmacovigilance for EV-based medicinal products is also presented, mainly addressing such topics as risk assessment and risk management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Stawarska
- Department of Toxicology and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha Str. 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (M.B.-K.); (I.P.G.)
| | - Magdalena Bamburowicz-Klimkowska
- Department of Toxicology and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha Str. 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (M.B.-K.); (I.P.G.)
| | - Elise Runden-Pran
- Health Effects Laboratory, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Norwegian Institute for Air Research, 2007 Kjeller, Norway; (E.R.-P.); (M.D.)
| | - Maria Dusinska
- Health Effects Laboratory, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Norwegian Institute for Air Research, 2007 Kjeller, Norway; (E.R.-P.); (M.D.)
| | - Mihaela Roxana Cimpan
- Biomaterials—Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Årstadveien Str. 19, 5009 Bergen, Norway; (M.R.C.); (I.R.-M.)
| | - Ivan Rios-Mondragon
- Biomaterials—Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Årstadveien Str. 19, 5009 Bergen, Norway; (M.R.C.); (I.R.-M.)
| | - Ireneusz P. Grudzinski
- Department of Toxicology and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha Str. 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (M.B.-K.); (I.P.G.)
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Afridi S, Sharma P, Choudhary F, Rizwan A, Nizam A, Parvez A, Farooqi H. Extracellular Vesicles: A New Approach to Study the Brain's Neural System and Its Diseases. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:521-534. [PMID: 38727784 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01271-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
In normal and pathophysiological conditions our cells secrete vesicular bodies known as extracellular particles. Extracellular vesicles are lipid-bound extracellular particles. A majority of these extracellular vesicles are linked to cell-to-cell communication. Brain consists of tightly packed neural cells. Neural cell releases extracellular vesicles in cerebrospinal fluid. Extracellular vesicle mediated crosstalk maintains neural homeostasis in the central nervous system via transferring cargos between neural cells. In neurodegenerative diseases, small extracellular vesicle transfer misfolded proteins to healthy cells in the neural microenvironment. They can also cross blood-brain barrier (BBB) and stimulate peripheral immune response inside central nervous system. In today's world different approaches employ extracellular vesicle in various therapeutics. This review gives a brief knowledge about the biological relevance of extracellular vesicles in the central nervous system and relevant advances in the translational application of EV in brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Afridi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Pradakshina Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Furqan Choudhary
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Amber Rizwan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Anam Nizam
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Adil Parvez
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Humaira Farooqi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India.
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13
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Che Shaffi S, Hairuddin ON, Mansor SF, Syafiq TMF, Yahaya BH. Unlocking the Potential of Extracellular Vesicles as the Next Generation Therapy: Challenges and Opportunities. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2024; 21:513-527. [PMID: 38598059 PMCID: PMC11087396 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-024-00634-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have undergone extensive investigation for their potential therapeutic applications, primarily attributed to their paracrine activity. Recently, researchers have been exploring the therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by MSCs. METHODS MEDLINE/PubMed and Google scholar databases were used for the selection of literature. The keywords used were mesenchymal stem cells, extracellular vesicles, clinical application of EVs and challenges EVs production. RESULTS These EVs have demonstrated robust capabilities in transporting intracellular cargo, playing a critical role in facilitating cell-to-cell communication by carrying functional molecules, including proteins, RNA species, DNAs, and lipids. Utilizing EVs as an alternative to stem cells offers several benefits, such as improved safety, reduced immunogenicity, and the ability to traverse biological barriers. Consequently, EVs have emerged as an increasingly attractive option for clinical use. CONCLUSION From this perspective, this review delves into the advantages and challenges associated with employing MSC-EVs in clinical settings, with a specific focus on their potential in treating conditions like lung diseases, cancer, and autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syahidatulamali Che Shaffi
- Lung Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (IPPT), SAINS@BERTAM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Omar Nafiis Hairuddin
- Lung Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (IPPT), SAINS@BERTAM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Siti Farizan Mansor
- Lung Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (IPPT), SAINS@BERTAM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Kampus Bertam, 13200, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Tengku Muhamad Faris Syafiq
- IIUM Molecular and Cellular Biology Research, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Nursing, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25100, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Badrul Hisham Yahaya
- Lung Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (IPPT), SAINS@BERTAM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia.
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14
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Di Francesco V, Chua AJ, Huang D, D'Souza A, Yang A, Bleier BS, Amiji MM. RNA therapies for CNS diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 208:115283. [PMID: 38494152 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Neurological disorders are a diverse group of conditions that pose an increasing health burden worldwide. There is a general lack of effective therapies due to multiple reasons, of which a key obstacle is the presence of the blood-brain barrier, which limits drug delivery to the central nervous system, and generally restricts the pool of candidate drugs to small, lipophilic molecules. However, in many cases, these are unable to target key pathways in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. As a group, RNA therapies have shown tremendous promise in treating various conditions because they offer unique opportunities for specific targeting by leveraging Watson-Crick base pairing systems, opening up possibilities to modulate pathological mechanisms that previously could not be addressed by small molecules or antibody-protein interactions. This potential paradigm shift in disease management has been enabled by recent advances in synthesizing, purifying, and delivering RNA. This review explores the use of RNA-based therapies specifically for central nervous system disorders, where we highlight the inherent limitations of RNA therapy and present strategies to augment the effectiveness of RNA therapeutics, including physical, chemical, and biological methods. We then describe translational challenges to the widespread use of RNA therapies and close with a consideration of future prospects in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Di Francesco
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, 140 The Fenway Building, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Andy J Chua
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, 140 The Fenway Building, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Sengkang General Hospital, 110 Sengkang E Way, 544886, Singapore
| | - Di Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, 140 The Fenway Building, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Anisha D'Souza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, 140 The Fenway Building, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Alicia Yang
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Benjamin S Bleier
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Mansoor M Amiji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, 140 The Fenway Building, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, 140 The Fenway Building, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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15
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Wang C, Li M, Xia X, Fu Y, Wang Y, Xu W, Wei H, Wei L. Construction of exosome-loaded LL-37 and its protection against zika virus infection. Antiviral Res 2024; 225:105855. [PMID: 38460762 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an enveloped, single-stranded and positive-stranded RNA virus of the genus Flavivirus in the family Flaviviridae. ZIKV can cross the placental barrier and infect the fetus, causing microcephaly, congenital ZIKV syndrome, and even fetal death. ZIKV infection can also lead to testicular damage and male sterility. But no effective drugs and vaccines are available up to now. Previous studies have shown that the cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide LL-37 can protect against ZIKV infection. However, LL-37 is a secreted peptide, which can be easily degraded in vivo. We herein constructed exosome-loaded LL-37 (named LL-37-TM-exo and TM-LL-37-exo) using the transmembrane protein TM to load LL-37 onto the membrane of exosome. We found that exosome-loaded LL-37 could significantly inhibit ZIKV infection in vitro and in vivo, and LL-37-TM-exo had stronger antiviral activity than that of TM-LL-37-exo, which could significantly reduce ZIKV-induced testicular injury and sperm injury, and had broad-spectrum antiviral effect. Compared to free LL-37, exosome-loaded LL-37 showed a better serum stability, higher efficiency to cross the placental barrier, and stronger antiviral activity. The mechanism of exosome-loaded LL-37 against ZIKV infection was consistent with that of free LL-37, which could directly inactivate viral particles, reduce the susceptibility of host cells, and act on viral replication stage. Our study provides a novel strategy for the development of LL-37 against viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Min Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Xiaohui Xia
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yuxuan Fu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Hongqi Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
| | - Lin Wei
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China; School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
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16
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Soroush A, Pourhossein S, Hosseingholizadeh D, Hjazi A, Shahhosseini R, Kavoosi H, Kermanshahi N, Behnamrad P, Ghavamikia N, Dadashpour M, Karkon Shayan S. Anti-cancer potential of zerumbone in cancer and glioma: current trends and future perspectives. Med Oncol 2024; 41:125. [PMID: 38652207 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02327-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Plant-derived immunomodulators and antitumor factors have appealed lots of attention from natural product scientists for their efficiency and safety and their important contribution to well-designed targeted drug action and delivery mechanisms. Zerumbone (ZER), the chief component of Zingiber zerumbet rhizomes, has been examined for its wide-spectrum in the treatment of multi-targeted diseases. The rhizomes have been used as food flavoring agents in numerous cuisines and in flora medication. Numerous in vivo and in vitro experiments have prepared confirmation of ZER as a potent immunomodulator as well as a potential anti-tumor agent. This review is an interesting compilation of all the important results of the research carried out to date to investigate the immunomodulatory and anticancer properties of ZER. The ultimate goal of this comprehensive review is to supply updated information and a crucial evaluation on ZER, including its chemistry and immunomodulating and antitumour properties, which may be of principal importance to supply a novel pathway for subsequent investigation to discover new agents to treat cancers and immune-related sickness. In addition, updated information on the toxicology of ZER has been summarized to support its safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Siavash Pourhossein
- Department of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, via Mersin 10, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | | | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Haniyeh Kavoosi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Nazgol Kermanshahi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Parisa Behnamrad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Nima Ghavamikia
- Cardiology Department, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Dadashpour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
- Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
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Padinharayil H, Varghese J, Wilson C, George A. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: Characteristics and applications in disease pathology and management. Life Sci 2024; 342:122542. [PMID: 38428567 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess a role in tissue regeneration and homeostasis because of inherent immunomodulatory capacity and the production of factors that encourage healing. There is substantial evidence that MSCs' therapeutic efficacy is primarily determined by their paracrine function including in cancers. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are basic paracrine effectors of MSCs that reside in numerous bodily fluids and cell homogenates and play an important role in bidirectional communication. MSC-derived EVs (MSC-EVs) offer a wide range of potential therapeutic uses that exceed cell treatment, while maintaining protocell function and having less immunogenicity. We describe characteristics and isolation methods of MSC-EVs, and focus on their therapeutic potential describing its roles in tissue repair, anti-fibrosis, and cancer with an emphasis on the molecular mechanism and immune modulation and clinical trials. We also explain current understanding and challenges in the clinical applications of MSC-EVs as a cell free therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiza Padinharayil
- Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur 05, Kerala, India; PG & Research Department of Zoology, St. Thomas College, Kozhencherry, Pathanamthitta, Kerala 689641, India
| | - Jinsu Varghese
- PG & Research Department of Zoology, St. Thomas College, Kozhencherry, Pathanamthitta, Kerala 689641, India
| | - Cornelia Wilson
- Canterbury Christ Church University, Natural Applied Sciences, Life Science Industry Liaison Lab, Discovery Park, Sandwich CT139FF, United Kingdom.
| | - Alex George
- Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur 05, Kerala, India.
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18
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Singh RR, Mondal I, Janjua T, Popat A, Kulshreshtha R. Engineered smart materials for RNA based molecular therapy to treat Glioblastoma. Bioact Mater 2024; 33:396-423. [PMID: 38059120 PMCID: PMC10696434 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive malignancy of the central nervous system (CNS) that remains incurable despite the multitude of improvements in cancer therapeutics. The conventional chemo and radiotherapy post-surgery have only been able to improve the prognosis slightly; however, the development of resistance and/or tumor recurrence is almost inevitable. There is a pressing need for adjuvant molecular therapies that can successfully and efficiently block tumor progression. During the last few decades, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as key players in regulating various hallmarks of cancer including that of GBM. The levels of many ncRNAs are dysregulated in cancer, and ectopic modulation of their levels by delivering antagonists or overexpression constructs could serve as an attractive option for cancer therapy. The therapeutic potential of several types of ncRNAs, including miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, has been validated in both in vitro and in vivo models of GBM. However, the delivery of these RNA-based therapeutics is highly challenging, especially to the tumors of the brain as the blood-brain barrier (BBB) poses as a major obstacle, among others. Also, since RNA is extremely fragile in nature, careful considerations must be met while designing a delivery agent. In this review we have shed light on how ncRNA therapy can overcome the limitations of its predecessor conventional therapy with an emphasis on smart nanomaterials that can aide in the safe and targeted delivery of nucleic acids to treat GBM. Additionally, critical gaps that currently exist for successful transition from viral to non-viral vector delivery systems have been identified. Finally, we have provided a perspective on the future directions, potential pathways, and target areas for achieving rapid clinical translation of, RNA-based macromolecular therapy to advance the effective treatment of GBM and other related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Raj Singh
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- University of Queensland –IIT Delhi Academy of Research (UQIDAR)
| | - Indranil Mondal
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Taskeen Janjua
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Amirali Popat
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Department of Functional Materials and Catalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ritu Kulshreshtha
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
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19
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Jegathesan Y, Stephen PP, Sati ISEE, Narayanan P, Monif M, Kamarudin MNA. MicroRNAs in adult high-grade gliomas: Mechanisms of chemotherapeutic resistance and their clinical relevance. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116277. [PMID: 38377734 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Notorious for its high mortality rate, the current standard treatment for high-grade gliomas remains a challenge. This is largely due to the complex heterogeneity of the tumour coupled with dysregulated molecular mechanisms leading to the development of drug resistance. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been considered to provide important information about the pathogenesis and prognostication of gliomas. miRNAs have been shown to play a specific role in promoting oncogenesis and regulating resistance to anti-glioma therapeutic agents through diverse cellular mechanisms. These include regulation of apoptosis, alterations in drug efflux pathways, enhanced activation of oncogenic signalling pathways, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition-like process (EMT-like) and a few others. With this knowledge, upregulation or inhibition of selected miRNAs can be used to directly affect drug resistance in glioma cells. Moreover, the clinical use of miRNAs in glioma management is becoming increasingly valuable. This comprehensive review delves into the role of miRNAs in drug resistance in high-grade gliomas and underscores their clinical significance. Our analysis has identified a distinct cluster of oncogenic miRNAs (miR-9, miR-21, miR-26a, miR-125b, and miR-221/222) and tumour suppressive miRNAs (miR-29, miR-23, miR-34a-5p, miR 181b-5p, miR-16-5p, and miR-20a) that consistently emerge as key players in regulating drug resistance across various studies. These miRNAs have demonstrated significant clinical relevance in the context of resistance to anti-glioma therapies. Additionally, the clinical significance of miRNA analysis is emphasised, including their potential to serve as clinical biomarkers for diagnosing, staging, evaluating prognosis, and assessing treatment response in gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugendran Jegathesan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 47500, Malaysia; Taiping Hospital, Jalan Taming Sari, Perak, Taiping 34000, Malaysia
| | - Pashaun Paveen Stephen
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 47500, Malaysia; Coffs Harbour Health Campus, Coffs Harbour, NSW 2450, Australia
| | - Isra Saif Eldin Eisa Sati
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Prakrithi Narayanan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Mastura Monif
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, VIC, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Neurology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Neurology, The Alfred, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Muhamad Noor Alfarizal Kamarudin
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 47500, Malaysia.
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20
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Liguori GL. Challenges and Promise for Glioblastoma Treatment through Extracellular Vesicle Inquiry. Cells 2024; 13:336. [PMID: 38391949 PMCID: PMC10886570 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is a rare but extremely aggressive brain tumor that significantly impacts patient outcomes, affecting both duration and quality of life. The protocol established by Stupp and colleagues in 2005, based on radiotherapy and chemotherapy with Temozolomide, following maximum safe surgical resection remains the gold standard for GB treatment; however, it is evident nowadays that the extreme intratumoral and intertumoral heterogeneity, as well as the invasiveness and tendency to recur, of GB are not compatible with a routine and unfortunately ineffective treatment. This review article summarizes the main challenges in the search for new valuable therapies for GB and focuses on the impact that extracellular vesicle (EV) research and exploitation may have in the field. EVs are natural particles delimited by a lipidic bilayer and filled with functional cellular content that are released and uptaken by cells as key means of cell communication. Furthermore, EVs are stable in body fluids and well tolerated by the immune system, and are able to cross physiological, interspecies, and interkingdom barriers and to target specific cells, releasing inherent or externally loaded functionally active molecules. Therefore, EVs have the potential to be ideal allies in the fight against GB and to improve the prognosis for GB patients. The present work describes the main preclinical results obtained so far on the use of EVs for GB treatment, focusing on both the EV sources and molecular cargo used in the various functional studies, primarily in vivo. Finally, a SWOT analysis is performed, highlighting the main advantages and pitfalls of developing EV-based GB therapeutic strategies. The analysis also suggests the main directions to explore to realize the possibility of exploiting EVs for the treatment of GB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna L Liguori
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics (IGB) "Adriano Buzzati-Traverso", National Research Council (CNR) of Italy, 80131 Naples, Italy
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21
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Dai J, Jiang Y, Hu H, Zhang S, Chen Y. Extracellular vesicles as modulators of glioblastoma progression and tumor microenvironment. Pathol Oncol Res 2024; 30:1611549. [PMID: 38379858 PMCID: PMC10876843 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2024.1611549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most aggressive brain tumor with extremely poor prognosis in adults. Routine treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy; however, these may lead to rapid relapse and development of therapy-resistant tumor. Glioblastoma cells are known to communicate with macrophages, microglia, endothelial cells, astrocytes, and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) to promote tumor preservation. It was recently demonstrated that Glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) participate in bidirectional intercellular communication in the TME. Apart from promoting glioblastoma cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, EVs and their cargos (primarily proteins and miRNAs) can act as biomarkers for tumor diagnosis and prognosis. Furthermore, they can be used as therapeutic tools. In this review, the mechanisms of Glioblastoma-EVs biogenesis and intercellular communication with TME have been summarized. Moreover, there is discussion surrounding EVs as novel diagnostic structures and therapeutic tools for glioblastoma. Finally, unclear questions that require future investigation have been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Dai
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Haoyue Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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22
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Munoz JL, Einerson BD, Silver RM, Mulampurath S, Sherman LS, Rameshwar P, Prewit EB, Ramsey PS. Serum exosomal microRNA pathway activation in placenta accreta spectrum: pathophysiology and detection. AJOG GLOBAL REPORTS 2024; 4:100319. [PMID: 38440154 PMCID: PMC10910333 DOI: 10.1016/j.xagr.2024.100319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Placenta accreta spectrum disorders are a complex range of placental pathologies that are associated with significant maternal morbidity and mortality. A diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum relies on ultrasonographic findings with modest positive predictive value. Exosomal microRNAs are small RNA molecules that reflect the cellular processes of the origin tissues. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore exosomal microRNA expression to understand placenta accreta spectrum pathology and clinical use for placenta accreta spectrum detection. STUDY DESIGN This study was a biomarker analysis of prospectively collected samples at 2 academic institutions from 2011 to 2022. Plasma specimens were collected from patients with suspected placenta accreta spectrum, placenta previa, or repeat cesarean deliveries. Exosomes were quantified and characterized by nanoparticle tracking analysis and western blotting. MicroRNA were assessed by polymerase chain reaction array and targeted single quantification. MicroRNA pathway analysis was performed using the Ingenuity Pathway Analyses software. Placental biopsies were taken from all groups and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and whole cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Receiver operating characteristic curve univariate analysis was performed for the use of microRNA in the prediction of placenta accreta spectrum. Clinically relevant outcomes were collected from abstracted medical records. RESULTS Plasma specimens were analyzed from a total of 120 subjects (60 placenta accreta spectrum, 30 placenta previa, and 30 control). Isolated plasma exosomes had a mean size of 71.5 nm and were 10 times greater in placenta accreta spectrum specimens (20 vs 2 particles/frame). Protein expression of exosomes was positive for intracellular adhesion molecule 1, flotilin, annexin, and CD9. MicroRNA analysis showed increased detection of 3 microRNAs (mir-92, -103, and -192) in patients with placenta accreta spectrum. Pathway interaction assessment revealed differential regulation of p53 signaling in placenta accreta spectrum and of erythroblastic oncogene B2 or human epidermal growth factor 2 in control specimens. These findings were subsequently confirmed in placental protein analysis. Placental microRNA paralleled plasma exosomal microRNA expression. Biomarker assessment of placenta accreta spectrum signature microRNA had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.81 (P<.001; 95% confidence interval, 0.73-0.89) with a sensitivity and specificity of 89.2% and 80%, respectively. CONCLUSION In this large cohort, plasma exosomal microRNA assessment revealed differentially expressed pathways in placenta accreta spectrum, and these microRNAs are potential biomarkers for the detection of placenta accreta spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessian L. Munoz
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (Dr Munoz)
- Division of Fetal Intervention, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX (Dr Munoz)
| | - Brett D. Einerson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT (XX Einerson and Dr Silver)
| | - Robert M. Silver
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT (XX Einerson and Dr Silver)
| | - Sureshkumar Mulampurath
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio and the University Health System, San Antonio, TX (XX Mulampurath, XX Prewit, and Dr Ramsey)
| | - Lauren S. Sherman
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ (XX Sherman and XX Rameshwar)
| | - Pranela Rameshwar
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ (XX Sherman and XX Rameshwar)
| | - Egle Bytautiene Prewit
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio and the University Health System, San Antonio, TX (XX Mulampurath, XX Prewit, and Dr Ramsey)
| | - Patrick S. Ramsey
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio and the University Health System, San Antonio, TX (XX Mulampurath, XX Prewit, and Dr Ramsey)
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23
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Saad-Naguib MH, Kenfack Y, Sherman LS, Chafitz OB, Morelli SS. Impaired receptivity of thin endometrium: therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1268990. [PMID: 38344687 PMCID: PMC10854221 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1268990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The endometrium is a resilient and highly dynamic tissue, undergoing cyclic renewal in preparation for embryo implantation. Cyclic endometrial regeneration depends on the intact function of several cell types, including parenchymal, endothelial, and immune cells, as well as adult stem cells that can arise from endometrial or extrauterine sources. The ability of the endometrium to undergo rapid, repeated regeneration without scarring is unique to this tissue. However, if this tissue renewal process is disrupted or dysfunctional, women may present clinically with infertility due to endometrial scarring or persistent atrophic/thin endometrium. Such disorders are rate-limiting in the treatment of female infertility and in the success of in vitro fertilization because of a dearth of treatment options specifically targeting the endometrium. A growing number of studies have explored the potential of adult stem cells, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), to treat women with disorders of endometrial regeneration. MSCs are multipotent adult stem cells with capacity to differentiate into cells such as adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts. In addition to their differentiation capacity, MSCs migrate toward injured sites where they secrete bioactive factors (e.g. cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, proteins and extracellular vesicles) to aid in tissue repair. These factors modulate biological processes critical for tissue regeneration, such as angiogenesis, cell migration and immunomodulation. The MSC secretome has therefore attracted significant attention for its therapeutic potential. In the uterus, studies utilizing rodent models and limited human trials have shown a potential benefit of MSCs and the MSC secretome in treatment of endometrial infertility. This review will explore the potential of MSCs to treat women with impaired endometrial receptivity due to a thin endometrium or endometrial scarring. We will provide context supporting leveraging MSCs for this purpose by including a review of mechanisms by which the MSC secretome promotes regeneration and repair of nonreproductive tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H. Saad-Naguib
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Health, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Yannick Kenfack
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Lauren S. Sherman
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Olivia B. Chafitz
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, United States
| | - Sara S. Morelli
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Health, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
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24
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Sharma S, Rana R, Prakash P, Ganguly NK. Drug target therapy and emerging clinical relevance of exosomes in meningeal tumors. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:127-170. [PMID: 37016182 PMCID: PMC10072821 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04715-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Meningioma is the most common central nervous system (CNS) tumor. In recent decades, several efforts have been made to eradicate this disease. Surgery and radiotherapy remain the standard treatment options for these tumors. Drug therapy comes to play its role when both surgery and radiotherapy fail to treat the tumor. This mostly happens when the tumors are close to vital brain structures and are nonbenign. Although a wide variety of chemotherapeutic drugs and molecular targeted drugs such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors, alkylating agents, endocrine drugs, interferon, and targeted molecular pathway inhibitors have been studied, the roles of numerous drugs remain unexplored. Recent interest is growing toward studying and engineering exosomes for the treatment of different types of cancer including meningioma. The latest studies have shown the involvement of exosomes in the theragnostic of various cancers such as the lung and pancreas in the form of biomarkers, drug delivery vehicles, and vaccines. Proper attention to this new emerging technology can be a boon in finding the consistent treatment of meningioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Sharma
- Department of Research, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, 110060 India
| | - Rashmi Rana
- Department of Research, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, 110060 India
| | - Prem Prakash
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062 India
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25
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Li J, Lin A, Jiang R, Chen P, Xu C, Hou Y. Exosomes-mediated drug delivery for the treatment of myocardial injury. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:292-299. [PMID: 38222684 PMCID: PMC10783224 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease has become a major cause of death worldwide. Myocardial injury (MI) caused by myocardial infarction, myocarditis, and drug overdose can lead to impaired cardiac function, culminating in serious consequences such as angina pectoris, arrhythmias, and heart failure. Exosomes exhibit high biocompatibility and target specificity, rendering them an important non-cellular therapy for improving MI. Exosomes are diminutive vesicles that encapsulate nucleic acids and proteins. Exosomes derived from cardiac stem cells themselves have therapeutic effects, and they can also serve as carriers to deliver therapeutic drugs to recipient cells, thereby exerting a therapeutic effect. The molecules within exosomes are encapsulated in a lipid bilayer, allowing them to stably exist in body fluids without being affected by nucleases. Therefore, the utilization of exosomes as drug delivery systems (DDS) for disease treatment has been extensively investigated and is currently undergoing clinical trials. This review summarizes the therapeutic effects of exosomes on MI and provides an overview of current research progress on their use as DDS in MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Li
- Zhengzhou Railway Vocational and Technical College
| | - Aiqin Lin
- Zhengzhou Railway Vocational and Technical College
| | - Rui Jiang
- Zhengzhou Railway Vocational and Technical College
| | | | - Chengyang Xu
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Hou
- Zhengzhou Railway Vocational and Technical College
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26
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Tendulkar R, Tendulkar M. Current Update of Research on Exosomes in Cancer. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:26-39. [PMID: 37461337 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230717105000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are vesicles secreted by the plasma membrane of the cells delimited by a lipid bilayer membrane into the extracellular space of the cell. Their release is associated with the disposal mechanism to remove unwanted materials from the cells. Exosomes released from primary tumour sites migrate to other parts of the body to create a metastatic environment for spreading the tumour cells. We have reviewed that exosomes interfere with the tumour progression by (i) promoting angiogenesis, (ii) initiating metastasis, (iii) regulating tumour microenvironment (TME) and inflammation, (iv) modifying energy metabolism, and (v) transferring mutations. We have found that EVs play an important role in inducing tumour drug resistance against anticancer drugs. This review discusses the potential of exosomes to generate a significant therapeutic effect along with improved diagnosis, prognosis, insights on the various research conducted and their significant findings of our interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Tendulkar
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vivekanand Education Society's College of Pharmacy, India
| | - Mugdha Tendulkar
- Faculty of Science, Sardar Vallabhbhai College of Science, India
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27
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Shan C, Liang Y, Wang K, Li P. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Cancer Therapy Resistance: from Biology to Clinical Opportunity. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:347-366. [PMID: 38164177 PMCID: PMC10750277 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.88500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a type of stromal cells characterized by their properties of self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation, which make them prominent in regenerative medicine. MSCs have shown significant potential for the treatment of various diseases, primarily through the paracrine effects mediated by soluble factors, specifically extracellular vesicles (EVs). MSC-EVs play a crucial role in intercellular communication by transferring various bioactive substances, including proteins, RNA, DNA, and lipids, highlighting the contribution of MSC-EVs in regulating cancer development and progression. Remarkably, increasing evidence indicates the association between MSC-EVs and resistance to various types of cancer treatments, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and endocrinotherapy. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent advancements in the biogenesis, isolation, and characterization of MSC-EVs, with an emphasis on their functions in cancer therapy resistance. The clinical applications and future prospects of MSC-EVs for mitigating cancer therapy resistance and enhancing drug delivery are also discussed. Elucidating the role and mechanism of MSC-EVs in the development of treatment resistance in cancer, as well as evaluating the clinical significance of MSC-EVs, is crucial for advancing our understanding of tumor biology. Meanwhile, inform the development of effective treatment strategies for cancer patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Shan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Peifeng Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
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28
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Harrell CR, Djonov V, Volarevic V. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived microRNAs: Friends or foes of tumor cells? Histol Histopathol 2023; 38:1373-1379. [PMID: 37306386 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-dependent biological effects in the tumor microenvironment mainly rely on the activity of MSC-sourced microRNAs (MSC-miRNAs) which modulate protein synthesis in target tumor cells, endothelial cells and tumor-infiltrated immune cells, regulating their phenotype and function. Several MSC-sourced miRNAs (miR-221, miR-23b, miR-21-5p, miR-222/223, miR-15a miR-424, miR-30b, miR-30c) possess tumor-promoting properties and are able to enhance viability, invasiveness and metastatic potential of malignant cells, induce proliferation and sprouting of tumor endothelial cells and suppress effector functions of cytotoxic tumor-infiltrated immune cells, crucially contributing to the rapid growth and progression of tumor tissue. On the contrary, MSCs also produce "anti-tumorigenic" miRNAs (miR-100, miR-222-3p, miR-146b miR-302a, miR-338-5p, miR-100-5p and miR-1246) which suppress tumor growth and progression by: Up-regulating expression of chemoresistance-related genes in tumor cells, by suppressing neo-angiogenesis and by inducing generation of tumorotoxic phenotypes in tumor-infiltrated lymphocytes. In this review article, we summarize the current knowledge about molecular mechanisms that are responsible for MSC-miRNA-dependent alterations of intracellular signaling in tumor and immune cells and we discuss different insights regarding the therapeutic potential of MSC-derived miRNAs in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vladislav Volarevic
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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29
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Pagoni M, Cava C, Sideris DC, Avgeris M, Zoumpourlis V, Michalopoulos I, Drakoulis N. miRNA-Based Technologies in Cancer Therapy. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1586. [PMID: 38003902 PMCID: PMC10672431 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13111586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of therapeutic miRNAs is one of the most exciting challenges for pharmaceutical companies. Since the first miRNA was discovered in 1993, our knowledge of miRNA biology has grown considerably. Many studies have demonstrated that miRNA expression is dysregulated in many diseases, making them appealing tools for novel therapeutic approaches. This review aims to discuss miRNA biogenesis and function, as well as highlight strategies for delivering miRNA agents, presenting viral, non-viral, and exosomic delivery as therapeutic approaches for different cancer types. We also consider the therapeutic role of microRNA-mediated drug repurposing in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pagoni
- Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece
| | - Claudia Cava
- Department of Science, Technology and Society, University School for Advanced Studies IUSS Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Diamantis C. Sideris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece;
| | - Margaritis Avgeris
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry—Molecular Diagnostics, Second Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, “P. & A. Kyriakou” Children’s Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Vassilios Zoumpourlis
- Biomedical Applications Unit, Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), 11635 Athens, Greece;
| | - Ioannis Michalopoulos
- Centre of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Nikolaos Drakoulis
- Research Group of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece
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30
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Lee CS, Lee M, Na K, Hwang HS. Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Cancer Therapy and Tissue Engineering Applications. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:5278-5311. [PMID: 37867343 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Recently, stem cells and their secretomes have attracted great attention in biomedical applications, particularly extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are secretomes of cells for cell-to-cell communication. They play a role as intercellular messengers as they carry proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and therapeutic agents. They have also been utilized as drug-delivery vehicles due to their biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, stability, targetability, and engineerable properties. The therapeutic potential of EVs can be further enhanced by surface engineering and modification using functional molecules such as aptamers, peptides, and antibodies. As a consequence, EVs hold great promise as effective delivery vehicles for enhancing treatment efficacy while avoiding side effects. Among various cell types that secrete EVs, stem cells are ideal sources of EVs because stem cells have unique properties such as self-renewal and regenerative potential for transplantation into damaged tissues that can facilitate their regeneration. However, challenges such as immune rejection and ethical considerations remain significant hurdles. Stem cell-derived EVs have been extensively explored as a cell-free approach that bypasses many challenges associated with cell-based therapy in cancer therapy and tissue regeneration. In this review, we summarize and discuss the current knowledge of various types of stem cells as a source of EVs, their engineering, and applications of EVs, focusing on cancer therapy and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Sung Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Lee
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Kun Na
- Department of BioMedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sook Hwang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
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31
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Zhang X, Wang J, Liu N, Wu W, Li H, Lu W, Guo X. Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived M1 Macrophage Exosomes Loaded with Cisplatin Target Ovarian Cancer In Vivo and Reverse Cisplatin Resistance. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:5440-5453. [PMID: 37819754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the therapeutic efficacy of umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived M1 macrophage exosomes loaded with cisplatin (CIS) in ovarian cancer and platinum resistance. M1 macrophages were purified by using CD14 magnetic beads and characterized by flow cytometry. Our analyses included morphology, particle size, particle concentration, potential, drug loading capacity, counts of entry into cells, antitumor effect in vivo, and the ability to reverse drug resistance. A2780, SKOV3, and A2780/DDP, SKOV3/DDP ovarian cancer cells (CIS-sensitive and CIS-resistant cell lines, respectively) were treated with CIS or CIS-loaded M1 macrophage exosomes (M1exoCISs). The encapsulation efficiency of CIS loading into M1 macrophage exosomes was approximately 30%. In vitro, M1exoCIS treatment reduced the CIS IC50 values of both A2780, SKOV3, and A2780/DDP, SKOV3/DDP cells. We evaluated the effect of M1exoCIS on tumor growth using a mouse ovarian cancer subcutaneous transplantation tumor model inoculated with A2780/DDP cells. M1exoCIS was observed in the liver, spleen, and tumor sites 24 h posttreatment; the fluorescence intensity of M1exoCIS is higher than that of CIS. After 7 days, M1exoCIS significantly inhibited the growth of subcutaneously transplanted tumors compared with CIS alone and had a longer survival time. Moreover, the toxicity test shows that M1exoCIS has less hepatorenal toxicity than CIS. To investigate the mechanism of M1exoCIS targeting, homing, and reversing drug resistance, we performed RT-PCR, Western blotting, and Proteome Profiler Human Receptor Array analyses. We found that A2780 and A2780/DDP cells expressed the integrin β1/CD29 receptor, while M1 exosomes expressed integrin β1/CD29. In addition, M1exos carries long noncoding RNA H19, implicated in PTEN protein upregulation and miR-130a and Pgp gene downregulation, leading to the reversal of CIS drug resistance. Therefore, UCB-derived M1exoCIS target tumor sites of ovarian cancer in vivo and can be used to increase the CIS sensitivity and cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zhang
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tong Ji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Jiapo Wang
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tong Ji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Na Liu
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tong Ji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Weimin Wu
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tong Ji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Hong Li
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Wen Lu
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tong Ji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Xiaoqing Guo
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tong Ji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, China
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32
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Shams F, Pourjabbar B, Hashemi N, Farahmandian N, Golchin A, Nuoroozi G, Rahimpour A. Current progress in engineered and nano-engineered mesenchymal stem cells for cancer: From mechanisms to therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115505. [PMID: 37716113 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as self-renewing multipotent stromal cells, have been considered promising agents for cancer treatment. A large number of studies have demonstrated the valuable properties of MSC-based treatment, such as low immunogenicity and intrinsic tumor-trophic migratory properties. To enhance the potency of MSCs for therapeutic purposes, equipping MSCs with targeted delivery functions using genetic engineering is highly beneficial. Genetically engineered MSCs can express tumor suppressor agents such as pro-apoptotic, anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic factors and act as ideal delivery vehicles. MSCs can also be loaded with nanoparticle drugs for increased efficacy and externally moderated targeting. Moreover, exosomes secreted by MSCs have important physiological properties, so they can contribute to intercellular communication and transfer cargo into targeted tumor cells. The precise role of genetically modified MSCs in tumor environments is still up for debate, but the beginning of clinical trials has been confirmed by promising results from preclinical investigations of MSC-based gene therapy for a wide range of malignancies. This review highlights the advanced techniques of engineering/nano-engineering and MSC-derived exosomes in tumor-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Shams
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 1968917313 Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Pourjabbar
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nader Hashemi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 1968917313 Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Farahmandian
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Golchin
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Cellular & Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 57157993313, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry & Applied Cell Sciences, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia 57157993313, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Ghader Nuoroozi
- Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Rahimpour
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Alemi F, Sadeghsoltani F, Fattah K, Hassanpour P, Malakoti F, Kardeh S, Izadpanah M, de Campos Zuccari DAP, Yousefi B, Majidinia M. Applications of engineered exosomes in drugging noncoding RNAs for cancer therapy. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:1257-1275. [PMID: 37496299 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are engaged in key cell biological and pathological events, and their expression alteration is connected to cancer progression both directly and indirectly. A huge number of studies have mentioned the significant role of ncRNAs in cancer prevention and therapy that make them an interesting subject for cancer therapy. However, there are several limitations, including delivery, uptake, and short half-life, in the application of ncRNAs in cancer treatment. Exosomes are introduced as promising options for the delivery of ncRNAs to the target cells. In this review, we will briefly discuss the application and barriers of ncRNAs. After that we will focus on exosome-based ncRNAs delivery and their advantages as well as the latest achievements in drugging ncRNAs with exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Alemi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadeghsoltani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khashayar Fattah
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Hassanpour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Faezeh Malakoti
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sina Kardeh
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Melika Izadpanah
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Bahman Yousefi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Zhang Y, Ju W, Zhang H, Mengyun L, Shen W, Chen X. Mechanisms and therapeutic prospects of mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes for tendinopathy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:307. [PMID: 37880763 PMCID: PMC10601253 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03431-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Tendinopathy is a debilitating and crippling syndrome resulting from the degeneration of tendon tissue, leading to loss of mechanical properties and function, and eventual tendon rupture. Unfortunately, there is currently no treatment for tendinopathy that can prevent or delay its progression. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles that transport bioactive substances produced by cells, such as proteins, lipids, mRNAs, non-coding RNAs, and DNA. They can generate by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) throughout the body and play a role in intercellular communication and regulation of homeostasis. Recent research suggests that MSCs-derived exosomes (MSCs-exos) may serve as useful therapeutic candidates for promoting tendon healing. This review focuses on the function and mechanisms of MSCs-exos in tendinopathy treatment and discusses their potential application for treating this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Ju
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China
| | - Liu Mengyun
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Dr. Li Dak Sum-Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiliang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China.
- Dr. Li Dak Sum-Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China.
- Dr. Li Dak Sum-Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Afkhami H, Mahmoudvand G, Fakouri A, Shadab A, Mahjoor M, Komeili Movahhed T. New insights in application of mesenchymal stem cells therapy in tumor microenvironment: pros and cons. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1255697. [PMID: 37849741 PMCID: PMC10577325 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1255697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely accepted as a useful tool for cell-based therapy of various diseases including malignancies. The therapeutic effects of MSCs are mainly attributed to their immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive properties. Despite the promising outcomes of MSCs in cancer therapy, a growing body of evidence implies that MSCs also show tumorigenic properties in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which might lead to tumor induction and progression. Owing to the broad-spectrum applications of MSCs, this challenge needs to be tackled so that they can be safely utilized in clinical practice. Herein, we review the diverse activities of MSCs in TME and highlight the potential methods to convert their protumorigenic characteristics into onco-suppressive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Afkhami
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golnaz Mahmoudvand
- Student Research Committee, USERN Office, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Arshia Fakouri
- Student Research Committee, USERN Office, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Alireza Shadab
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Iran University of Medical Sciences, Deputy of Health, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohamad Mahjoor
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Pasqualetti F, Miniati M, Gonnelli A, Gadducci G, Giannini N, Palagini L, Mancino M, Fuentes T, Paiar F. Cancer Stem Cells and Glioblastoma: Time for Innovative Biomarkers of Radio-Resistance? BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1295. [PMID: 37887005 PMCID: PMC10604498 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite countless papers in the field of radioresistance, researchers are still far from clearly understanding the mechanisms triggered in glioblastoma. Cancer stem cells (CSC) are important to the growth and spread of cancer, according to many studies. In addition, more recently, it has been suggested that CSCs have an impact on glioblastoma patients' prognosis, tumor aggressiveness, and treatment outcomes. In reviewing this new area of biology, we will provide a summary of the most recent research on CSCs and their role in the response to radio-chemotherapy in GB. In this review, we will examine the radiosensitivity of stem cells. Moreover, we summarize the current knowledge of the biomarkers of stemness and evaluate their potential function in the study of radiosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Pasqualetti
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (F.P.); (A.G.); (G.G.); (N.G.); (M.M.); (T.F.); (F.P.)
| | - Mario Miniati
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Gonnelli
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (F.P.); (A.G.); (G.G.); (N.G.); (M.M.); (T.F.); (F.P.)
| | - Giovanni Gadducci
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (F.P.); (A.G.); (G.G.); (N.G.); (M.M.); (T.F.); (F.P.)
| | - Noemi Giannini
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (F.P.); (A.G.); (G.G.); (N.G.); (M.M.); (T.F.); (F.P.)
| | - Laura Palagini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Maricia Mancino
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (F.P.); (A.G.); (G.G.); (N.G.); (M.M.); (T.F.); (F.P.)
| | - Taiusha Fuentes
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (F.P.); (A.G.); (G.G.); (N.G.); (M.M.); (T.F.); (F.P.)
| | - Fabiola Paiar
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (F.P.); (A.G.); (G.G.); (N.G.); (M.M.); (T.F.); (F.P.)
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Bucci-Muñoz M, Gola AM, Rigalli JP, Ceballos MP, Ruiz ML. Extracellular Vesicles and Cancer Multidrug Resistance: Undesirable Intercellular Messengers? Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1633. [PMID: 37629489 PMCID: PMC10455762 DOI: 10.3390/life13081633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the main mechanisms contributing to therapy failure and mortality. Overexpression of drug transporters of the ABC family (ATP-binding cassette) is a major cause of MDR. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticles released by most cells of the organism involved in cell-cell communication. Their cargo mainly comprises, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, which are transferred from a donor cell to a target cell and lead to phenotypical changes. In this article, we review the scientific evidence addressing the regulation of ABC transporters by EV-mediated cell-cell communication. MDR transfer from drug-resistant to drug-sensitive cells has been identified in several tumor entities. This was attributed, in some cases, to the direct shuttle of transporter molecules or its coding mRNA between cells. Also, EV-mediated transport of regulatory proteins (e.g., transcription factors) and noncoding RNAs have been indicated to induce MDR. Conversely, the transfer of a drug-sensitive phenotype via EVs has also been reported. Additionally, interactions between non-tumor cells and the tumor cells with an impact on MDR are presented. Finally, we highlight uninvestigated aspects and possible approaches to exploiting this knowledge toward the identification of druggable processes and molecules and, ultimately, the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Bucci-Muñoz
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas (UNR), Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (CONICET), Rosario 2000, Argentina; (M.B.-M.); (A.M.G.); (M.P.C.)
| | - Aldana Magalí Gola
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas (UNR), Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (CONICET), Rosario 2000, Argentina; (M.B.-M.); (A.M.G.); (M.P.C.)
| | - Juan Pablo Rigalli
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - María Paula Ceballos
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas (UNR), Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (CONICET), Rosario 2000, Argentina; (M.B.-M.); (A.M.G.); (M.P.C.)
| | - María Laura Ruiz
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas (UNR), Instituto de Fisiología Experimental (CONICET), Rosario 2000, Argentina; (M.B.-M.); (A.M.G.); (M.P.C.)
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38
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Nowak M, Górczyńska J, Kołodzińska K, Rubin J, Choromańska A. Extracellular Vesicles as Drug Transporters. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10267. [PMID: 37373411 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer-delimited particles. According to their size and synthesis pathway, EVs can be classified into exosomes, ectosomes (microvesicles), and apoptotic bodies. Extracellular vesicles are of great interest to the scientific community due to their role in cell-to-cell communication and their drug-carrying abilities. The study aims to show opportunities for the application of EVs as drug transporters by considering techniques applicable for loading EVs, current limitations, and the uniqueness of this idea compared to other drug transporters. In addition, EVs have therapeutic potential in anticancer therapy (especially in glioblastoma, pancreatic cancer, and breast cancer).
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Nowak
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 5, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Julia Górczyńska
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 5, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kołodzińska
- Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Rubin
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 5, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Choromańska
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
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Bhatia R, Chang J, Munoz JL, Walker ND. Forging New Therapeutic Targets: Efforts of Tumor Derived Exosomes to Prepare the Pre-Metastatic Niche for Cancer Cell Dissemination and Dormancy. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1614. [PMID: 37371709 PMCID: PMC10295689 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-derived exosomes play a multifaceted role in preparing the pre-metastatic niche, promoting cancer dissemination, and regulating cancer cell dormancy. A brief review of three types of cells implicated in metastasis and an overview of other types of extracellular vesicles related to metastasis are described. A central focus of this review is on how exosomes influence cancer progression throughout metastatic disease. Exosomes are crucial mediators of intercellular communication by transferring their cargo to recipient cells, modulating their behavior, and promoting tumor pro-gression. First, their functional role in cancer cell dissemination in the peripheral blood by facilitating the establishment of a pro-angiogenic and pro-inflammatory niche is described during organotro-pism and in lymphatic-mediated metastasis. Second, tumor-derived exosomes can transfer molecular signals that induce cell cycle arrest, dormancy, and survival pathways in disseminated cells, promoting a dormant state are reviewed. Third, several studies highlight exosome involvement in maintaining cellular dormancy in the bone marrow endosteum. Finally, the clinical implications of exosomes as biomarkers or diagnostic tools for cancer progression are also outlined. Understanding the complex interplay between tumor-derived exosomes and the pre-metastatic niche is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies to target metastasis and prevent cancer recurrence. To that end, several examples of how exosomes or other nanocarriers are used as a drug delivery system to inhibit cancer metastasis are discussed. Strategies are discussed to alter exosome cargo content for better loading capacity or direct cell targeting by integrins. Further, pre-clinical models or Phase I clinical trials implementing exosomes or other nanocarriers to attack metastatic cancer cells are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranvir Bhatia
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joanna Chang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
| | - Jessian L Munoz
- Division of Perinatal Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nykia D Walker
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
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Avgoulas DI, Tasioulis KS, Papi RM, Pantazaki AA. Therapeutic and Diagnostic Potential of Exosomes as Drug Delivery Systems in Brain Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051439. [PMID: 37242681 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is designated as one of the principal causes of mortality universally. Among different types of cancer, brain cancer remains the most challenging one due to its aggressiveness, the ineffective permeation ability of drugs through the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and drug resistance. To overcome the aforementioned issues in fighting brain cancer, there is an imperative need for designing novel therapeutic approaches. Exosomes have been proposed as prospective "Trojan horse" nanocarriers of anticancer theranostics owing to their biocompatibility, increased stability, permeability, negligible immunogenicity, prolonged circulation time, and high loading capacity. This review provides a comprehensive discussion on the biological properties, physicochemical characteristics, isolation methods, biogenesis and internalization of exosomes, while it emphasizes their therapeutic and diagnostic potential as drug vehicle systems in brain cancer, highlighting recent advances in the research field. A comparison of the biological activity and therapeutic effectiveness of several exosome-encapsulated cargo including drugs and biomacromolecules underlines their great supremacy over the non-exosomal encapsulated cargo in the delivery, accumulation, and biological potency. Various studies on cell lines and animals give prominence to exosome-based nanoparticles (NPs) as a promising and alternative approach in the management of brain cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios I Avgoulas
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos S Tasioulis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Rigini M Papi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasia A Pantazaki
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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41
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Ren X, Kang C, Garcia-Contreras L, Kim D. Understanding of Ovarian Cancer Cell-Derived Exosome Tropism for Future Therapeutic Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8166. [PMID: 37175872 PMCID: PMC10179437 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes, a subtype of extracellular vesicles, ranging from 50 to 200 nm in diameter, and mediate cell-to-cell communication in normal biological and pathological processes. Exosomes derived from tumors have multiple functions in cancer progression, resistance, and metastasis through cancer exosome-derived tropism. However, there is no quantitative information on cancer exosome-derived tropism. Such data would be highly beneficial to guide cancer therapy by inhibiting exosome release and/or uptake. Using two fluorescent protein (mKate2) transfected ovarian cancer cell lines (OVCA4 and OVCA8), cancer exosome tropism was quantified by measuring the released exosome from ovarian cancer cells and determining the uptake of exosomes into parental ovarian cancer cells, 3D spheroids, and tumors in tumor-bearing mice. The OVCA4 cells release 50 to 200 exosomes per cell, and the OVCA8 cells do 300 to 560 per cell. The uptake of exosomes by parental ovarian cancer cells is many-fold higher than by non-parental cells. In tumor-bearing mice, most exosomes are homing to the parent cancer rather than other tissues. We successfully quantified exosome release and uptake by the parent cancer cells, further proving the tropism of cancer cell-derived exosomes. The results implied that cancer exosome tropism could provide useful information for future cancer therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Ren
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA; (X.R.); (C.K.); (L.G.-C.)
| | - Changsun Kang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA; (X.R.); (C.K.); (L.G.-C.)
| | - Lucila Garcia-Contreras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA; (X.R.); (C.K.); (L.G.-C.)
| | - Dongin Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA; (X.R.); (C.K.); (L.G.-C.)
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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42
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Khatami SH, Karami N, Taheri-Anganeh M, Taghvimi S, Tondro G, Khorsand M, Soltani Fard E, Sedighimehr N, Kazemi M, Rahimi Jaberi K, Moradi M, Nafisi Fard P, Darvishi MH, Movahedpour A. Exosomes: Promising Delivery Tools for Overcoming Blood-Brain Barrier and Glioblastoma Therapy. Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s12035-023-03365-0. [PMID: 37138197 PMCID: PMC10155653 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03365-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Gliomas make up virtually 80% of all lethal primary brain tumors and are categorized based on their cell of origin. Glioblastoma is an astrocytic tumor that has an inferior prognosis despite the ongoing advances in treatment modalities. One of the main reasons for this shortcoming is the presence of the blood-brain barrier and blood-brain tumor barrier. Novel invasive and non-invasive drug delivery strategies for glioblastoma have been developed to overcome both the intact blood-brain barrier and leverage the disrupted nature of the blood-brain tumor barrier to target cancer cells after resection-the first treatment stage of glioblastoma. Exosomes are among non-invasive drug delivery methods and have emerged as a natural drug delivery vehicle with high biological barrier penetrability. There are various exosome isolation methods from different origins, and the intended use of the exosomes and starting materials defines the choice of isolation technique. In the present review, we have given an overview of the structure of the blood-brain barrier and its disruption in glioblastoma. This review provided a comprehensive insight into novel passive and active drug delivery techniques to overcome the blood-brain barrier, emphasizing exosomes as an excellent emerging drug, gene, and effective molecule delivery vehicle used in glioblastoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Hossein Khatami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Karami
- TU Wien, Institute of Solid State Electronics, A-1040, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mortaza Taheri-Anganeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sina Taghvimi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Tondro
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Khorsand
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Elahe Soltani Fard
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Najmeh Sedighimehr
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Kazemi
- Department of Radio-oncology, Namazi Teaching Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Khojaste Rahimi Jaberi
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Melika Moradi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Nafisi Fard
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasan Darvishi
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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43
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Galardi A, De Bethlen A, Di Paolo V, Lampis S, Mastronuzzi A, Di Giannatale A. Recent Advancements on the Use of Exosomes as Drug Carriers for the Treatment of Glioblastoma. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13040964. [PMID: 37109493 PMCID: PMC10142357 DOI: 10.3390/life13040964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive cancer of the brain. Presently, GBM patients have a poor prognosis, and therapy primarily aims to extend the life expectancy of affected patients. The current treatment of GBM in adult cases and high-grade gliomas in the pediatric population involves a multimodal approach that includes surgical resection followed by simultaneous chemo/radiotherapy. Exosomes are nanoparticles that transport proteins and nucleic acids and play a crucial role in mediating intercellular communication. Recent evidence suggests that these microvesicles may be used as biological carriers and offer significant advantages in targeted therapy. Due to their inherent cell-targeting properties, circulation stability, and biocompatibility, exosomes are emerging as promising new carriers for drugs and biotherapeutics. Furthermore, these nanovesicles are a repository of potential diagnostic and prognostic markers. In this review, we focus on the therapeutic potentials of exosomes in nano-delivery and describe the latest evidence of their use as a therapeutic tool in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Galardi
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Alexander De Bethlen
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Virginia Di Paolo
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Lampis
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Mastronuzzi
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Di Giannatale
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy
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Karami Fath M, Moayedi Banan Z, Barati R, Mohammadrezakhani O, Ghaderi A, Hatami A, Ghiabi S, Zeidi N, Asgari K, Payandeh Z, Barati G. Recent advancements to engineer mesenchymal stem cells and their extracellular vesicles for targeting and destroying tumors. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 178:1-16. [PMID: 36781149 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the ability to migrate into tumor sites and release growth factors to modulate the tumor microenvironment. MSC therapy have shown a dual role in cancers, promoting or inhibiting. However, MSCs could be used as a carrier of anticancer agents for targeted tumor therapy. Recent technical improvements also allow engineering MSCs to improve tumor-targeting properties, protect anticancer agents, and decrease the cytotoxicity of drugs. While some of MSC functions are mediated through their secretome, MSCs-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are also proposed as a possible viechle for cancer therapy. EVs allow efficient loading of anticancer agents and have an intrinsic ability to target tumor cells, making them suitable for targeted therapy of tumors. In addition, the specificity and selectivity of EVs to the tumor sites could be enhanced by surface modification. In this review, we addressed the current approaches used for engineering MSCs and EVs to effectively target tumor sites and deliver anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Karami Fath
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Moayedi Banan
- School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Barati
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Mohammadrezakhani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ramsar Campus, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Aliasghar Ghaderi
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Hatami
- School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shamim Ghiabi
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazanin Zeidi
- Division of Pharmaceutical Science, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Katayoon Asgari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Payandeh
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division Medical Inflammation Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Extracellular Vesicles and MicroRNA in Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040658. [PMID: 36831325 PMCID: PMC9955013 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The bone marrow niche plays an increasing role in the pathophysiogenesis of myelodysplastic syndromes. More specifically, mesenchymal stromal cells, which can secrete extracellular vesicles and their miRNA contents, modulate the fate of hematopoietic stem cells leading to leukemogenesis. Extracellular vesicles can mediate their miRNA and protein contents between nearby cells but also in the plasma of the patients, being potent tools for diagnosis and prognostic markers in MDS. They can be targeted by antisense miRNA or by modulators of the secretion of extracellular vesicles and could lead to future therapeutic directions in MDS.
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The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Exosomes in Tumor Development and Targeted Antitumor Therapies. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:7059289. [PMID: 36824409 PMCID: PMC9943627 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7059289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be isolated from various tissues in adults and differentiated into cells of the osteoblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes, and myocytes. Recruitments of MSCs towards tumors have a crucial contribution to tumor development. However, the role of MSCs in the tumor microenvironment is uncertain. In addition, due to its tropism to the tumor and low immunogenic properties, more and more pieces of evidence indicate that MSCs may be an ideal carrier for antitumor biologics such as cytokines, chemotherapeutic agents, and oncolytic viruses. Here, we review the existing knowledge on the anti- and protumorigenic effect of MSCs and their extracellular vesicles and exosomes, the role of MSCs, and their extracellular vesicles and exosomes as antitumor vectors.
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Draguet F, Bouland C, Dubois N, Bron D, Meuleman N, Stamatopoulos B, Lagneaux L. Potential of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Natural Nanocarriers: Concise Review. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020558. [PMID: 36839879 PMCID: PMC9964668 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Intercellular communication, through direct and indirect cell contact, is mandatory in multicellular organisms. These last years, the microenvironment, and in particular, transfer by extracellular vesicles (EVs), has emerged as a new communication mechanism. Different biological fluids and cell types are common sources of EVs. EVs play different roles, acting as signalosomes, biomarkers, and therapeutic agents. As therapeutic agents, MSC-derived EVs display numerous advantages: they are biocompatible, non-immunogenic, and stable in circulation, and they are able to cross biological barriers. Furthermore, EVs have a great potential for drug delivery. Different EV isolation protocols and loading methods have been tested and compared. Published and ongoing clinical trials, and numerous preclinical studies indicate that EVs are safe and well tolerated. Moreover, the latest studies suggest their applications as nanocarriers. The current review will describe the potential for MSC-derived EVs as drug delivery systems (DDS) in disease treatment, and their advantages. Thereafter, we will outline the different EV isolation methods and loading techniques, and analyze relevant preclinical studies. Finally, we will describe ongoing and published clinical studies. These elements will outline the benefits of MSC-derived EV DDS over several aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Draguet
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy (LCCT), Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 90 Rue Meylemeersch, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence:
| | - Cyril Bouland
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy (LCCT), Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 90 Rue Meylemeersch, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saint-Pierre Hospital, 322 Rue Haute, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Maxillofacial and Reconstructive Surgery, Grand Hôpital de Charleroi, 3 Grand’Rue, 6000 Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Nathan Dubois
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy (LCCT), Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 90 Rue Meylemeersch, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dominique Bron
- Department of Haematology, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 90 Rue Meylemeersch, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Meuleman
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy (LCCT), Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 90 Rue Meylemeersch, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Haematology, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 90 Rue Meylemeersch, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Medicine Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Basile Stamatopoulos
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy (LCCT), Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 90 Rue Meylemeersch, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Medicine Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurence Lagneaux
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy (LCCT), Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 90 Rue Meylemeersch, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
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Li G, Chen T, Dahlman J, Eniola‐Adefeso L, Ghiran IC, Kurre P, Lam WA, Lang JK, Marbán E, Martín P, Momma S, Moos M, Nelson DJ, Raffai RL, Ren X, Sluijter JPG, Stott SL, Vunjak‐Novakovic G, Walker ND, Wang Z, Witwer KW, Yang PC, Lundberg MS, Ochocinska MJ, Wong R, Zhou G, Chan SY, Das S, Sundd P. Current challenges and future directions for engineering extracellular vesicles for heart, lung, blood and sleep diseases. J Extracell Vesicles 2023; 12:e12305. [PMID: 36775986 PMCID: PMC9923045 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry diverse bioactive components including nucleic acids, proteins, lipids and metabolites that play versatile roles in intercellular and interorgan communication. The capability to modulate their stability, tissue-specific targeting and cargo render EVs as promising nanotherapeutics for treating heart, lung, blood and sleep (HLBS) diseases. However, current limitations in large-scale manufacturing of therapeutic-grade EVs, and knowledge gaps in EV biogenesis and heterogeneity pose significant challenges in their clinical application as diagnostics or therapeutics for HLBS diseases. To address these challenges, a strategic workshop with multidisciplinary experts in EV biology and U.S. Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) officials was convened by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. The presentations and discussions were focused on summarizing the current state of science and technology for engineering therapeutic EVs for HLBS diseases, identifying critical knowledge gaps and regulatory challenges and suggesting potential solutions to promulgate translation of therapeutic EVs to the clinic. Benchmarks to meet the critical quality attributes set by the USFDA for other cell-based therapeutics were discussed. Development of novel strategies and approaches for scaling-up EV production and the quality control/quality analysis (QC/QA) of EV-based therapeutics were recognized as the necessary milestones for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoping Li
- Cardiovascular Research CenterMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Tianji Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, College of MedicineUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - James Dahlman
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Lola Eniola‐Adefeso
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Ionita C. Ghiran
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Peter Kurre
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Comprehensive Bone Marrow Failure Center, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Wilbur A. Lam
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of PediatricsEmory School of MedicineAflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University and Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Jennifer K. Lang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesVeterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare SystemBuffaloNew YorkUSA
| | - Eduardo Marbán
- Smidt Heart InstituteCedars‐Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Pilar Martín
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC)Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV)MadridSpain
| | - Stefan Momma
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute)University HospitalGoethe UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Malcolm Moos
- Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Office of Tissues and Advanced Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and ResearchUnited States Food and Drug AdministrationSilver SpringMarylandUSA
| | - Deborah J. Nelson
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological SciencesThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Robert L. Raffai
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Surgical Service (112G)San Francisco VA Medical CenterSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Endovascular SurgeryUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Xi Ren
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringCarnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Joost P. G. Sluijter
- Department of Experimental Cardiology, Circulatory Health LaboratoryRegenerative Medicine Centre, UMC Utrecht, University UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Shannon L. Stott
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Gordana Vunjak‐Novakovic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of MedicineColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Nykia D. Walker
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Maryland Baltimore CountyBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Zhenjia Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesWashington State UniversitySpokaneWashingtonUSA
| | - Kenneth W. Witwer
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgeryand The Richman Family Precision Medicine Center of Excellence in Alzheimer's DiseaseThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Phillip C. Yang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of MedicineStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Martha S. Lundberg
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Margaret J. Ochocinska
- Division of Blood Diseases and Resources, National Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Renee Wong
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Guofei Zhou
- Division of Lung Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Stephen Y. Chan
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine InstituteUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Division of Cardiology and Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Saumya Das
- Cardiovascular Research CenterMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Prithu Sundd
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine InstituteUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine and Department of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
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Rehman FU, Liu Y, Zheng M, Shi B. Exosomes based strategies for brain drug delivery. Biomaterials 2023; 293:121949. [PMID: 36525706 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Exosome application has emerged as a promising nanotechnology discipline for various diseases therapeutics and diagnoses. Owing to the natural properties of efficient drug delivery, higher biocompatibility, facile traversing of physiological barriers, and subtle side effects, exosomes shorten their way to clinical translation. Exosomes are nanoscale membrane-bound vesicles primarily involved in intercellular communication and exhibit natural blood-brain barrier (BBB) traversing ability, which enables their application as drug delivery vehicles for brain diseases treatment. Herein, we highlight recent exosome-based drug delivery endeavors for neurodegenerative diseases and brain cancer therapy, summarize the obstacles and future directions in clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawad Ur Rehman
- Henan-Macquire International Joint Center for Biomedical Innovations, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, JinMing Avenue, Kaifeng, 475004 PR China; Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-nanomedicine, School of Life Sciences & School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells Research, The Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Yang Liu
- Henan-Macquire International Joint Center for Biomedical Innovations, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, JinMing Avenue, Kaifeng, 475004 PR China; Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-nanomedicine, School of Life Sciences & School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Meng Zheng
- Henan-Macquire International Joint Center for Biomedical Innovations, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, JinMing Avenue, Kaifeng, 475004 PR China; Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-nanomedicine, School of Life Sciences & School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China.
| | - Bingyang Shi
- Henan-Macquire International Joint Center for Biomedical Innovations, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, JinMing Avenue, Kaifeng, 475004 PR China; Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-nanomedicine, School of Life Sciences & School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Macquarie University Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
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50
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Oveili E, Vafaei S, Bazavar H, Eslami Y, Mamaghanizadeh E, Yasamineh S, Gholizadeh O. The potential use of mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes as microRNAs delivery systems in different diseases. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:20. [PMID: 36690996 PMCID: PMC9869323 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-01017-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by targeting mRNA. Moreover, it has been shown that miRNAs expression are changed in various diseases, such as cancers, autoimmune disease, infectious diseases, and neurodegenerative Diseases. The suppression of miRNA function can be easily attained by utilizing of anti-miRNAs. In contrast, an enhancement in miRNA function can be achieved through the utilization of modified miRNA mimetics. The discovery of appropriate miRNA carriers in the body has become an interesting subject for investigators. Exosomes (EXOs) therapeutic efficiency and safety for transferring different cellular biological components to the recipient cell have attracted significant attention for their capability as miRNA carriers. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are recognized to generate a wide range of EXOs (MSC-EXOs), showing that MSCs may be effective for EXO generation in a clinically appropriate measure as compared to other cell origins. MSC-EXOs have been widely investigated because of their immune attributes, tumor-homing attributes, and flexible characteristics. In this article, we summarized the features of miRNAs and MSC-EXOs, including production, purification, and miRNA loading methods of MSC-EXOs, and the modification of MSC-EXOs for targeted miRNA delivery in various diseases. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Oveili
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Azad Islamic University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Vafaei
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haniyeh Bazavar
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yeganeh Eslami
- Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ehsan Mamaghanizadeh
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saman Yasamineh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Omid Gholizadeh
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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